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[narrator] Previously…
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The Japanese launched
their secret plan to attack Pearl Harbor
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and caught the American forces
by surprise.
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[Jonathan] The Japanese have transited
across the northern Pacific
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in the largest unified
carrier task force in history.
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[Taylor] Not only were they planning
to attack the naval harbor
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and to destroy the US Pacific fleet,
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they were also going to attack
all the airfields on Oahu Island as well.
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[plane engines whirring]
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It was very ambitious,
but also very daring.
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[Cass] I couldn't get it in my head
that they were attacking us,
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and I don't know anybody else
that could in our area either.
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[narrator] Pearl Harbor,
the surprise Japanese attack
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that killed nearly 2,400 people
and led to America entering World War II.
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[bombs whistling]
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[Taylor] It’s one of those
crucial days in history,
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like the attack on the Twin Towers
on September 11th.
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You know the world won't be the same after
as it had been before.
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[narrator] In this episode,
the attack on the harbor begins.
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[Louis] Fire was burning
all around the deck
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and the skin would come off in your hands.
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[fire crackling]
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[Cass] He tried to stand up
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and when we walked over to him,
he was dead.
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[dramatic music playing]
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[in Japanese] Our chances
of returning from Pearl Harbor
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were almost zero in our view.
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[narrator, in English] In just 30 minutes,
183 Japanese bombers and fighters
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will wipe out almost
all the Pacific’s Fleet's battleships.
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About a million pounds of propellant
goes up… [clicks fingers] …in a flash.
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Arizona is completely destroyed.
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We lost 1,177 men in ten minutes.
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[plane engines whirring]
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[Louis] It was awful.
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But we're just lucky that we were alive.
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[dramatic music playing]
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{\an8}[typewriter clacking]
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[Francis] The temperature's about 80.
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There was a little light breeze
blowing down off the mountain there
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{\an8}and the… The air was still,
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{\an8}and you could--
You could smell the flowers in the air.
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It was just a wonderful day.
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{\an8}They had dances on Saturday night,
parties on Saturday night,
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and a lot of the military
are just sleeping in.
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[indistinct chatter]
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[Jonathan] They're beginning
to go to mess call.
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There are some religious services ongoing.
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{\an8}It's just a normal,
calm Sunday morning routine
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that is about to be shattered.
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[clock ticking]
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[narrator] One minute
before the attack on Pearl Harbor begins,
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Frank Emond and the band
on the USS Pennsylvania
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are preparing to play.
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[Francis] The navy plays
"The Star-Spangled Banner"
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at 8:00 every morning.
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We were lined up to raise the flag.
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[narrator] Closing in on Pearl Harbor
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is an assault group
of 183 Japanese bombers and fighters
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-from six aircraft carriers.
-[plane engines whirring]
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The next half an hour
will see the crippling
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of America's mighty Pacific Fleet with
the tragic loss of thousands of lives,
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many aboard its eight battleships.
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[clock ticking]
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[Francis] At five minutes to eight,
they sound the bugle call
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to let everybody know
that it's almost time for colors,
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and at that time I'd heard a noise,
I looked up in the air
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and there was a line of planes
coming in from the right-hand side.
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The first one peeled off.
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[plane engines whirring]
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[narrator] Nine dive bombers
target the seaplane base on Ford Island.
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[Timothy] The first wave involves
striking the search planes on the ground.
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{\an8}By knocking out those aircraft
in the first few minutes,
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{\an8}then it will be impossible
for the Americans to retaliate and damage
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any of the Japanese carriers
that are at sea.
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[Francis] Something come off the airplane.
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I thought the tail assembly
had broken off or something,
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so I watched it all the way to the ground,
hit the hanger on the air station there.
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It exploded in flame and smoke
and a lot of noise, startled everybody.
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[dramatic music playing]
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The initial response
to the attack is disbelief.
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Lieutenant Commander Ramsey
is on Ford Island,
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and he thinks that it's just some
American pilot hot dogging it.
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He wants to get the serial number
off of the plane
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and report him to his commanding officer.
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[narrator] It takes just a minute
for the dive bombers
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to complete their bombing mission.
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[fire crackling]
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As they circle round
to fire at the sea plane base,
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torpedo bombers swoop down.
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[Masamitsu speaking Japanese]
When we reached the coast,
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{\an8}I felt I had to get ready.
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The release wire has a safety mechanism.
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I disengaged it and got ready
to drop the torpedo at any time.
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[Francis, in English] The sky seemed to be
full of airplanes.
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Small prop airplanes and,
uh, you could see big red spots
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on the fuselage and wings.
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[suspenseful music playing]
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So, immediately you knew
that they were not our airplanes.
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The Japanese were there.
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[alarm blaring]
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[Jonathan] Now the full enormity
of what is about to happen
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begins descending on those American crews.
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[clock ticking]
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[plane engines whirring]
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{\an8}[typewriter clacking]
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{\an8}[narrator] It's been just over a minute
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since Japanese dive bombers
began their surprise raid on Pearl Harbor.
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With the seaplane base
on Ford Island now ablaze,
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40 Japanese torpedo bombers
take center stage.
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[dramatic music playing]
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{\an8}One group is gonna go after Battleship Row
and the outward battleships there.
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The other group coming in
against the other side of Ford Island
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is still hoping to find
perhaps an American carrier.
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[narrator] Twenty-three-year-old
Masamitsu Yoshioka is a navigator
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in one of the planes in the leading group.
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[Masamitsu speaking Japanese]
The east side of the island
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was where the battleships were moored.
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{\an8}Our orders were to attack
the aircraft carriers on the west side.
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[narrator, in English]
The US Pacific Fleet
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has three carriers based at Pearl Harbor.
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But today, their moorings are empty.
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[in Japanese] I was disappointed,
but it couldn't be helped.
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There was a battleship
so we decided to go for that one.
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[Jonathan, in English]
From the Japanese perspective,
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battleships are still
the coin of the realm.
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If they can sink
four or five American battleships,
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that will constitute success
for the operation.
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[dramatic music playing]
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[Timothy] All eight battleships
happened to be in port at the same time,
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which was a rarity, had not been achieved
since, uh, the summer of 1941.
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[narrator] Seven of them
are lined up in Battleship Row
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on the East of Ford Island.
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The eighth,
the flagship of the Pacific Fleet,
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USS Pennsylvania,
is in dry dock undergoing repairs.
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[dramatic music playing]
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Months of intensive training
had gone into preventing their torpedoes
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from nose-diving
into the shallow harbor floor.
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{\an8}Airspeed was cut back to about 150 knots
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{\an8}and the altitude of the aircraft
at 30 feet.
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Optimally, what should happen
is the torpedo planes attack first,
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because they are going
to have to attack low and slow,
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they're going to be very vulnerable
to anti-aircraft fire.
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[narrator] But already,
the Japanese plan is unravelling.
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Miscommunication between aircrews
has seen the dive bombers jump the gun.
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{\an8}So, consequently, the first wave
goes in helter-skelter immediately
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and you have simultaneous attacks
happening at once.
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[narrator] As the first group
of torpedo bombers prepares to attack,
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they are hit by pillars of black smoke
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drifting upwards
from the earlier dive bomber hits.
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[in Japanese] There was a lot of smoke,
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so I couldn’t see the west side clearly.
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[narrator, in English]
Adding to their problems
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is the blinding sunrise.
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With the sun in their eyes,
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{\an8}the crews had a very difficult time
seeing anything.
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[in Japanese]
Looking at the shape of the mast,
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it was a Colorado-class battleship.
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We decided to aim for that,
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and I think the lead aircraft
also thought the same.
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[dramatic music playing]
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[narrator, in English] The torpedo
unit's leader arrows in,
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but as he nears his target,
he suddenly pulls out.
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His wingman follows him.
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The planes immediately
behind them thought that,
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"Well, they must have launched
against the battleship,
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so we're going to do that as well."
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[narrator] Masamitsu Yoshioka
releases his torpedo,
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but as he flies over the ship,
he is panicked.
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[in Japanese]
I thought the battleship was smaller
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than our Japanese warships.
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[narrator, in English] The USS Utah
is the first victim of the torpedo attack.
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This is an old ship
that's been largely demilitarized.
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[suspenseful music playing]
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[narrator] The moment is caught on camera.
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And she is hit right, uh,
in the center of the ship.
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[narrator] Within seconds,
another torpedo slams into Utah’s hull…
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[explosion]
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…but it's a target the Japanese crews
had been briefed to avoid.
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[Masamitsu speaking Japanese]
I really think we messed up with the Utah.
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The other guys had done okay.
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[chuckles] So, even at my age,
the Utah still bothers me.
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It's not one I can be proud of.
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-[dramatic music playing]
-[plane engines whirring]
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[narrator, in English] Four more torpedoes
are wasted on the Utah.
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One torpedo is so off target
that it hits the cruiser,
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USS Raleigh, moored behind.
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[Michael] The pilots should have
exhausted all possibilities
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before attacking these lesser ships.
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And they really were taken to task
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once they returned
to the carrier by their superiors
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for making poor target selection.
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[narrator] Just seconds
after he bypassed the Utah,
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the unit's leader, Lt. Nagai, is convinced
he's got a battleship in his sights.
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[Timothy] As he approaches 10-10 dock,
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he thinks he sees the USS Pennsylvania
moored there and unleashes his torpedo.
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In reality, what he is seeing
is the Helena and the Oglala
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lashed side by side.
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He thinks that it is a battleship
because the morning sun is--
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has silhouetted
both of those ships together,
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so it looks like
an extra-long type of ship.
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[narrator] The torpedo goes underneath
an old minelayer, USS Oglala,
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berthed next to the cruiser, USS Helena.
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The explosion tears a hole
in the Helena's port side.
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[alarm blaring]
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The shockwave of that explosion
also damages the Oglala
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and eventually it tumbles over
and capsizes on its side.
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[suspenseful music playing]
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The sailors who were at 10-10 dock
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would joke in the days afterwards
that the Oglala died of fright.
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[narrator] Watching on
from the deck of USS Pennsylvania,
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Frank Emond is counting his blessings.
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{\an8}And that was the dock
that our ship usually were at.
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{\an8}We-- We had moved it to dry dock
two or three days before that.
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00:13:14,200 --> 00:13:15,200
[plane engine whirring]
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00:13:15,320 --> 00:13:19,360
[narrator] A Japanese photographer
captures the destructive moment.
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00:13:20,280 --> 00:13:22,920
[Michael] It shows the smoke
coming up out of Ford Island
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00:13:23,120 --> 00:13:26,640
and the simultaneous hits
on the Helena and the Utah.
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[narrator] Four more bombers
waste their torpedoes
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on the cruiser USS Helena.
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They really could not see
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what in the name of heaven
they were aiming at.
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[Jonathan] That speaks
to the incredible pressure
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that these pilots are under.
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That they probably think too that,
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"If I don’t attack now,
I may not get a second chance."
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00:13:50,800 --> 00:13:52,400
[narrator] Two minutes into the raid,
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not a single torpedo has been released
against a battleship.
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00:13:57,720 --> 00:14:01,560
Across Ford Island,
ships' crews in Battleship Row
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00:14:01,800 --> 00:14:04,160
are wising up to the imminent threat.
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00:14:04,800 --> 00:14:07,280
[Dick] I was down in the office
wrapping presents
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{\an8}to be sent home for Christmas
when the speaker system hollered…
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00:14:12,920 --> 00:14:13,840
[alarm blaring]
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00:14:13,960 --> 00:14:16,440
"…Air attack, air attack.
All hands seek cover."
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00:14:16,800 --> 00:14:20,760
And almost immediately
they added another announcement,
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00:14:20,840 --> 00:14:23,440
"General Quarters,
man your battle stations."
236
00:14:24,400 --> 00:14:27,760
The people who were there
used a great deal of profanity
237
00:14:27,920 --> 00:14:32,000
and, uh, vulgar terms to describe…
[chuckles] …what was going on.
238
00:14:32,440 --> 00:14:35,280
And it left no doubt
in anyone's mind who heard that
239
00:14:35,720 --> 00:14:37,800
just what was unfolding outside.
240
00:14:38,440 --> 00:14:41,280
{\an8}When General Quarters goes off,
wherever you are on a ship,
241
00:14:41,560 --> 00:14:44,920
{\an8}the crew is trained,
it's just ingrained in them,
242
00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:48,360
it's automatic,
to proceed to your battle station.
243
00:14:48,880 --> 00:14:51,800
{\an8}Everybody was in their battle stations
in three minutes
244
00:14:51,880 --> 00:14:54,600
{\an8}and doors are closed,
the hatches are closed,
245
00:14:54,680 --> 00:14:57,400
our first guns were fired
within 30 seconds.
246
00:14:57,640 --> 00:14:59,840
[cannons fire]
247
00:15:02,280 --> 00:15:04,400
I was on the quarterdeck,
the vessel alongside of us,
248
00:15:04,480 --> 00:15:06,800
they had to cut the lines off
the vessel first,
249
00:15:07,080 --> 00:15:10,000
so we didn't last long enough
to even get the engine started up.
250
00:15:10,600 --> 00:15:13,400
-[dramatic music playing]
-[plane engines whirring]
251
00:15:13,680 --> 00:15:17,880
[narrator] Twenty-four torpedo bombers
descend into the Southeast Loch
252
00:15:19,040 --> 00:15:21,920
in preparation for their attack
on Battleship Row.
253
00:15:23,320 --> 00:15:26,400
[Michael] This body of water
was almost like a bowling alley
254
00:15:26,480 --> 00:15:28,520
heading down toward the battleships.
255
00:15:28,680 --> 00:15:32,040
The pilots could see that these two ships,
256
00:15:32,120 --> 00:15:36,120
the West Virginia and Oklahoma,
were the golden targets.
257
00:15:36,200 --> 00:15:41,120
These were skilled aerial technicians
that were going to deliver
258
00:15:41,200 --> 00:15:44,280
an 18-foot torpedo that could blow a hole
259
00:15:44,360 --> 00:15:47,360
in the side of the battleship
that a truck could drive through.
260
00:15:47,520 --> 00:15:51,400
-[plane engines whirring]
-[Michael] They were coming in in pairs.
261
00:15:51,600 --> 00:15:55,160
One plane on one side of the pair
was to take one battleship.
262
00:15:55,480 --> 00:15:59,560
And then the plane on the opposite side
was to take the ship next to it.
263
00:15:59,720 --> 00:16:00,960
[gunfire]
264
00:16:01,360 --> 00:16:04,160
[narrator] But as the lead pair
get ready to drop their torpedoes,
265
00:16:04,360 --> 00:16:07,080
planes from the earlier attacks
cross their path.
266
00:16:08,320 --> 00:16:12,880
There were multiple aircraft crossing
against, uh, the grain, as it were.
267
00:16:12,960 --> 00:16:14,560
Things got very confused
268
00:16:14,640 --> 00:16:18,520
and then those aircraft
had to abort and circle around again.
269
00:16:19,160 --> 00:16:21,200
[narrator] Its valuable time wasted,
270
00:16:21,560 --> 00:16:25,080
the Japanese are rapidly losing
the advantage of surprise.
271
00:16:26,240 --> 00:16:27,920
[Jonathan] The locks were broken,
272
00:16:28,200 --> 00:16:30,480
uh, so that ammunition could be
brought to the guns.
273
00:16:32,560 --> 00:16:37,680
The volume and intensity
of the American anti-aircraft fire
274
00:16:37,840 --> 00:16:39,640
swells very, very quickly.
275
00:16:39,800 --> 00:16:41,080
[gunfire]
276
00:16:41,440 --> 00:16:45,320
[Michael] The Japanese were
absolutely astonished, if not dismayed,
277
00:16:45,480 --> 00:16:50,120
at how quickly the Americans
came online with anti-aircraft fire.
278
00:16:50,720 --> 00:16:52,440
They were not expecting it.
279
00:16:53,480 --> 00:16:55,520
[narrator] The bombers
drop their torpedoes
280
00:16:56,440 --> 00:17:01,880
scoring direct hits on the
USS West Virginia and the USS Oklahoma.
281
00:17:03,080 --> 00:17:07,840
Incredibly, the first two torpedo
hits on a battleship at Pearl Harbor
282
00:17:08,200 --> 00:17:10,560
are caught by a Japanese camera.
283
00:17:10,680 --> 00:17:12,640
-[explosion]
-[suspenseful music playing]
284
00:17:13,040 --> 00:17:16,480
[Daniel] These dramatic pictures
are being taken by the aircraft in the air
285
00:17:16,560 --> 00:17:20,000
and you see the water geysers,
which my grandfather witnessed,
286
00:17:20,160 --> 00:17:24,360
that were going
90 to 100 feet or more into the air.
287
00:17:25,320 --> 00:17:31,080
Very, very quickly,
the first six aircraft came in,
288
00:17:31,280 --> 00:17:33,920
bam, bam, bam,
within seconds of each other,
289
00:17:34,080 --> 00:17:37,760
and all these torpedoes
were running at the same time.
290
00:17:38,480 --> 00:17:42,960
[Daniel] You can see streaks of torpedoes
now striking the West Virginia,
291
00:17:44,040 --> 00:17:48,720
and then you can also see torpedo streaks
and some disturbance in the water
292
00:17:48,880 --> 00:17:52,000
of, uh, torpedoes coming
towards the Oklahoma.
293
00:17:53,720 --> 00:17:56,160
[narrator] Both battleships
are unprepared for war
294
00:17:56,440 --> 00:17:59,320
with their watertight doors
left unsecured.
295
00:18:00,160 --> 00:18:03,520
As America was at peace,
these doors were open.
296
00:18:03,600 --> 00:18:07,880
Their underwater integrity
was severely compromised,
297
00:18:07,960 --> 00:18:12,360
because, of course, in the levels
of the decks below the waterline,
298
00:18:12,640 --> 00:18:14,760
the water would just surge
through the ship.
299
00:18:16,720 --> 00:18:19,520
I felt the ship take on a bit of a list.
300
00:18:19,880 --> 00:18:22,440
And I thought,
"My God, they're flooding the blisters."
301
00:18:22,600 --> 00:18:26,400
One of the ways in which you can
prevent a ship from capsizing
302
00:18:26,720 --> 00:18:29,760
is to flood other sections of the ship
to balance it out.
303
00:18:29,960 --> 00:18:33,240
But on the Oklahoma,
the first torpedo hits knock out
304
00:18:33,320 --> 00:18:37,120
a lot of lights below decks,
such that the repair crews
305
00:18:37,280 --> 00:18:41,080
cannot get to the stations
they need to be to counter flood.
306
00:18:41,240 --> 00:18:44,560
[Daniel] There's a case made
that one torpedo followed
307
00:18:44,640 --> 00:18:47,480
right through the hole
of the torpedo before it.
308
00:18:47,840 --> 00:18:49,800
She is in a very bad way.
309
00:18:50,040 --> 00:18:55,040
The flooding is so bad on the port side
of the vessel that it starts to keel over.
310
00:18:55,120 --> 00:18:55,960
[indistinct clamor]
311
00:18:56,040 --> 00:18:58,240
[Dick] When the ship listed
about 15 degrees,
312
00:18:58,320 --> 00:18:59,720
you couldn't walk the deck.
313
00:18:59,960 --> 00:19:02,160
We hand-walked the overhead pipes
314
00:19:02,520 --> 00:19:05,160
walking on top
of the bolted down machinery.
315
00:19:06,560 --> 00:19:09,080
[narrator] Commander of the Pacific Fleet,
Admiral Kimmel,
316
00:19:09,200 --> 00:19:11,400
is at home when he receives a message.
317
00:19:13,000 --> 00:19:16,800
"Air Raid Pearl Harbor, this is no drill."
318
00:19:17,520 --> 00:19:20,560
[Taylor] He's due to play golf
with the army commander, General Short.
319
00:19:20,760 --> 00:19:23,200
{\an8}He cancels the golf,
he gets into his uniform
320
00:19:23,280 --> 00:19:26,320
{\an8}and prepares to leave
for his headquarters.
321
00:19:26,720 --> 00:19:30,760
[Michael] Admiral Kimmel
could very clearly see the harbor
322
00:19:31,960 --> 00:19:35,800
and see the battleships
lined up against Ford Island.
323
00:19:36,120 --> 00:19:39,280
And so, he was watching
the torpedo explosions
324
00:19:39,400 --> 00:19:42,640
one after another
on the ships under his command.
325
00:19:42,720 --> 00:19:47,280
And it must have been an absolutely
devastating experience for him.
326
00:19:48,160 --> 00:19:51,320
[narrator] Despite receiving a warning
that an attack was imminent,
327
00:19:51,960 --> 00:19:54,440
Kimmel had not put the base
on a war footing.
328
00:19:55,280 --> 00:19:58,920
[Steve] This was a man who had
never failed in his professional career.
329
00:19:59,000 --> 00:20:04,400
And so, here he was witnessing
catastrophic failure on his part
330
00:20:05,320 --> 00:20:07,720
and the wife of the neighbor
331
00:20:08,040 --> 00:20:12,160
{\an8}recalled that Kimmel looked
as white as the uniform he was wearing.
332
00:20:13,240 --> 00:20:15,880
[narrator] But things are about
to get even worse.
333
00:20:17,520 --> 00:20:22,520
-[intense music playing]
-[clock ticking]
334
00:20:23,200 --> 00:20:24,840
[plane engines whirring]
335
00:20:26,080 --> 00:20:27,240
[gunfire]
336
00:20:27,480 --> 00:20:30,320
[Laura] The crews who are working
in the California's guns
337
00:20:30,480 --> 00:20:34,280
start firing back at the Japanese planes
pretty much immediately,
338
00:20:34,440 --> 00:20:37,360
{\an8}but they very quickly
expend their ammunition,
339
00:20:37,560 --> 00:20:41,000
{\an8}and the rest of their ammunition
is locked in the magazines
340
00:20:41,160 --> 00:20:43,240
and they are not able
to access it right away.
341
00:20:44,440 --> 00:20:48,600
[narrator] The ship is defenseless
as a torpedo bomber drops its payload
342
00:20:49,400 --> 00:20:51,120
with devastating effect.
343
00:20:52,320 --> 00:20:56,680
USS California is the battleship
least able to survive the attack.
344
00:20:58,040 --> 00:21:00,360
[Michael] She had a number
of the manhole covers
345
00:21:00,440 --> 00:21:06,000
that led down into her double bottom
loosened to-- for inspection.
346
00:21:06,120 --> 00:21:08,720
When the water came
into the lower portions of the ship,
347
00:21:09,080 --> 00:21:11,400
it just surged all back and forth.
348
00:21:11,760 --> 00:21:14,840
It starts to flood very, very quickly.
349
00:21:15,120 --> 00:21:18,560
So, the crew has to focus
on countermeasures,
350
00:21:18,640 --> 00:21:21,560
has to focus on getting
these watertight doors closed
351
00:21:21,920 --> 00:21:23,680
just to keep the ship afloat,
352
00:21:23,840 --> 00:21:27,400
because they are not prepared
for this at all.
353
00:21:27,480 --> 00:21:29,320
[gunfire]
354
00:21:29,440 --> 00:21:31,880
[narrator] Through the driving rain
of machine gun fire,
355
00:21:32,040 --> 00:21:37,200
four more bombers torpedoed the
USS Oklahoma and the USS West Virginia.
356
00:21:37,400 --> 00:21:41,720
[Jonathan] The two center line ships,
West Virginia and Oklahoma,
357
00:21:41,800 --> 00:21:43,640
are just absolutely gutted.
358
00:21:43,720 --> 00:21:50,320
And the result is that their port sides
are just ripped open like a tin can.
359
00:21:50,560 --> 00:21:52,840
[clock ticking]
360
00:21:55,760 --> 00:21:58,360
[plane engine whirring]
361
00:21:58,480 --> 00:22:01,480
[narrator] A stray bomber
from the earlier attacks swoops in
362
00:22:01,600 --> 00:22:03,680
to get another hit on the California.
363
00:22:05,680 --> 00:22:08,200
[Daniel] You can see
the battleship California,
364
00:22:08,480 --> 00:22:11,640
uh, in this picture
struggling from her attacks.
365
00:22:11,720 --> 00:22:13,400
[plane engine whirring]
366
00:22:13,520 --> 00:22:15,720
[narrator] The torpedo bombers
continue their assault,
367
00:22:15,800 --> 00:22:17,920
but now in extended intervals.
368
00:22:18,080 --> 00:22:20,760
With anti-aircraft fire
growing in intensity,
369
00:22:20,840 --> 00:22:23,200
aircrews take the easiest option.
370
00:22:25,200 --> 00:22:29,320
With the West Virginia and the Oklahoma
again taking the brunt.
371
00:22:29,880 --> 00:22:32,160
[Jonathan] It's overkill against them.
372
00:22:32,280 --> 00:22:35,640
The amount of damage that they took
would have sunk them twice over.
373
00:22:37,760 --> 00:22:40,240
[narrator] A photo taken by
a Japanese raider
374
00:22:40,480 --> 00:22:42,440
perfectly captures the scene.
375
00:22:42,680 --> 00:22:45,000
[Daniel] You can see
that the torpedo attack
376
00:22:45,080 --> 00:22:49,560
has been devastating
and you can look at the black groupings,
377
00:22:49,760 --> 00:22:54,160
that's oil just pouring out
of the sides of the ships.
378
00:22:54,640 --> 00:22:58,440
[narrator] But nothing can prepare
the crews for what happens next.
379
00:23:00,120 --> 00:23:02,320
[plane engine whirring]
380
00:23:04,560 --> 00:23:07,200
As the Japanese attack
on Pearl Harbor rages,
381
00:23:08,000 --> 00:23:10,600
Commander of the Pacific Fleet,
Husband Kimmell,
382
00:23:10,880 --> 00:23:13,480
watches in shock
from his neighbor’s lawn.
383
00:23:13,680 --> 00:23:15,000
-[explosions]
-[gunfire]
384
00:23:15,160 --> 00:23:18,280
[narrator] Hundreds of his crewmen
are now fighting for their lives.
385
00:23:21,080 --> 00:23:23,360
{\an8}The coup de grâce of the first wave
386
00:23:23,440 --> 00:23:27,320
{\an8}is the high-level bomber attack
led by Commander Fuchida himself.
387
00:23:27,480 --> 00:23:30,120
-[intense music playing]
-[plane engines whirring]
388
00:23:30,280 --> 00:23:34,680
{\an8}The high-level bombing units
circled around the western side of Oahu
389
00:23:35,440 --> 00:23:39,280
and lined up for an attack run
on the battleships.
390
00:23:40,320 --> 00:23:43,840
[narrator] The level bombers' ultimate aim
is to destroy the battleships
391
00:23:43,920 --> 00:23:47,000
that have survived
the torpedo raids unscathed,
392
00:23:47,520 --> 00:23:50,040
the inboard giants at Battleship Row,
393
00:23:50,560 --> 00:23:55,160
USS Maryland, USS Tennessee,
and USS Arizona.
394
00:23:56,480 --> 00:23:59,520
[Timothy] They will approach
Battleship Row from the south
395
00:23:59,800 --> 00:24:04,440
and their mission is to go in
and strike the battleships one at a time
396
00:24:04,760 --> 00:24:08,280
with the first five plane divisions
that is supposed to strike the Nevada,
397
00:24:08,480 --> 00:24:11,400
the next one, the Arizona,
and on down the line.
398
00:24:13,760 --> 00:24:15,000
[narrator] For the mission,
399
00:24:15,320 --> 00:24:18,440
the Japanese have designed
a unique weapon.
400
00:24:19,240 --> 00:24:22,160
They take a heavy,
armor-piercing battleship shell,
401
00:24:22,440 --> 00:24:24,200
{\an8}and turn it into an aerial bomb.
402
00:24:25,040 --> 00:24:28,000
So it's got to be dropped
from a very great height,
403
00:24:28,240 --> 00:24:33,280
at least 10,000 feet,
so that gravity can accelerate that bomb
404
00:24:33,360 --> 00:24:37,440
to the point that when it hits the deck,
it's got sufficient kinetic energy
405
00:24:37,520 --> 00:24:41,320
to get through the deck armor
about four inches,
406
00:24:41,680 --> 00:24:44,360
and into the innards of the ship
before it detonates.
407
00:24:45,440 --> 00:24:47,880
[narrator] The 800-kilogram bomb
is so heavy,
408
00:24:48,120 --> 00:24:50,520
the bombers can only carry one each.
409
00:24:51,840 --> 00:24:56,840
Again, there's no second chance on this,
I’ve got to drop at exactly the right time
410
00:24:57,120 --> 00:24:59,800
and if I don’t get a hit result
on this first attack,
411
00:24:59,880 --> 00:25:02,200
it's over
and I've wasted my entire effort.
412
00:25:03,240 --> 00:25:06,280
[narrator] To maximize their chances
of hitting their targets,
413
00:25:06,800 --> 00:25:11,520
the planes divide
into ten V formations each of five planes.
414
00:25:12,560 --> 00:25:16,520
As they approach Pearl Harbor,
a photographer aboard one of the bombers
415
00:25:16,720 --> 00:25:18,800
captures the devastation below.
416
00:25:19,480 --> 00:25:23,160
[Jonathan] You can see that Oklahoma
is already in the process of rolling over
417
00:25:23,320 --> 00:25:25,000
while some of these planes are coming in.
418
00:25:25,600 --> 00:25:27,200
[dramatic music playing]
419
00:25:27,440 --> 00:25:31,360
[narrator] It soon becomes clear
to Mitsuo Fuchida, the attack leader,
420
00:25:31,720 --> 00:25:35,520
that hitting a battleship
from two miles up is no mean feat.
421
00:25:36,720 --> 00:25:41,000
Fuchida said that the anti-aircraft fire
at that point in time was pretty severe.
422
00:25:41,160 --> 00:25:42,960
♪ Ring-a-ring-a-rosies… ♪
423
00:25:43,080 --> 00:25:47,400
[Timothy] In fact, his wing man is hit
and the battle damage causes
424
00:25:47,520 --> 00:25:51,120
the armor-piercing bomb
to fall away from the undercarriage.
425
00:25:51,520 --> 00:25:53,720
Then right at the last minute,
they fly through a cloud,
426
00:25:53,920 --> 00:25:57,600
and they are unable to see their target,
the USS Nevada.
427
00:25:58,160 --> 00:26:00,960
They have to go around two
or even three times
428
00:26:01,040 --> 00:26:06,960
before the elements collaborate enough
that they can get a fix on their target.
429
00:26:07,040 --> 00:26:08,920
[clock ticking]
430
00:26:12,200 --> 00:26:13,280
[plane engine whirring]
431
00:26:13,440 --> 00:26:17,560
[narrator] USS West Virginia,
already struck by six torpedoes,
432
00:26:17,680 --> 00:26:21,600
is listing badly
when more bombers arrive overhead.
433
00:26:23,120 --> 00:26:26,040
The specially adapted bombs
hit West Virginia
434
00:26:26,200 --> 00:26:28,920
and USS Tennessee moored alongside.
435
00:26:29,480 --> 00:26:33,800
The fuses on those weapons mean
that the bombs don't detonate cleanly.
436
00:26:34,360 --> 00:26:38,160
Had the fusing
on these 800-kilogram bombs
437
00:26:38,280 --> 00:26:40,360
been more effective and more reliable,
438
00:26:40,880 --> 00:26:46,240
they quite possibly could have blown up
the Tennessee and the West Virginia,
439
00:26:46,400 --> 00:26:50,480
both of which suffered direct hits
on their rear turrets.
440
00:26:52,040 --> 00:26:56,000
[narrator] One casualty
is West Virginia’s Captain Mervin Bennion,
441
00:26:56,480 --> 00:26:59,280
hit by flying shrapnel
from the Tennessee blast.
442
00:26:59,440 --> 00:27:00,840
[explosion]
443
00:27:00,920 --> 00:27:02,840
[Daniel] They needed
to get the captain off the bridge,
444
00:27:02,920 --> 00:27:07,880
because the fires were starting to envelop
the lower portion of the ship.
445
00:27:08,600 --> 00:27:13,400
[narrator] Enter a Pearl Harbor hero,
mess attendant, Doris Miller.
446
00:27:15,040 --> 00:27:18,280
[Regina] As Dorie Miller is proceeding
to his assigned battle station,
447
00:27:18,360 --> 00:27:22,120
an officer flags him down
and asks him to help him move…
448
00:27:22,200 --> 00:27:23,160
[alarm blaring]
449
00:27:23,240 --> 00:27:27,040
…the commanding officer
of West Virginia to a safer location.
450
00:27:27,600 --> 00:27:32,000
{\an8}The status of African Americans
in the United States Navy in 1941
451
00:27:32,840 --> 00:27:37,200
was to segregate the races,
whites from Blacks.
452
00:27:38,280 --> 00:27:43,080
And the Navy did that
by limiting the ratings
453
00:27:43,520 --> 00:27:46,920
for which African Americans could qualify.
454
00:27:48,560 --> 00:27:51,440
[narrator] Despite no training,
mess attendant Miller
455
00:27:51,840 --> 00:27:54,520
immediately joins in the ship's defense.
456
00:27:55,880 --> 00:27:58,160
[Regina] He sees an unmanned
anti-aircraft gun
457
00:27:58,560 --> 00:28:03,480
and according to his own account,
Miller says, "I just shot it."
458
00:28:03,680 --> 00:28:05,760
"I-- I wasn't sure what to do."
459
00:28:07,680 --> 00:28:10,720
[Laura] Dorie Miller
was the first African American
460
00:28:10,840 --> 00:28:12,600
to receive the Navy Cross.
461
00:28:12,720 --> 00:28:17,240
{\an8}The Navy Cross
is the US Navy's highest military honor.
462
00:28:17,360 --> 00:28:20,120
But all Dorie Miller wanted to do
was be in the fight.
463
00:28:20,760 --> 00:28:24,960
Fighting the enemy
was not laying out another man's clothes,
464
00:28:25,440 --> 00:28:27,200
cooking and serving his meals.
465
00:28:27,560 --> 00:28:29,720
[clock ticking]
466
00:28:35,080 --> 00:28:37,280
[narrator] From the deck
of a nearby hospital ship,
467
00:28:37,560 --> 00:28:42,360
navy doctor, Eric Haakenson,
starts filming the horror in the harbor.
468
00:28:44,080 --> 00:28:49,600
He panned up from
the stern of the hospital ship, Solace,
469
00:28:49,760 --> 00:28:54,360
{\an8}on about the third higher deck
and aimed his camera
470
00:28:54,440 --> 00:28:57,560
at a V pattern of Japanese bombers.
471
00:28:57,760 --> 00:29:01,320
He caught two groups flying at altitude.
472
00:29:01,720 --> 00:29:04,560
[narrator] All five bombers
in the first formation
473
00:29:04,800 --> 00:29:07,240
-drop their payloads simultaneously.
-[bombs whistling]
474
00:29:07,400 --> 00:29:11,440
[explosion]
475
00:29:13,920 --> 00:29:17,080
[narrator] A Japanese photo
shows the moment of impact
476
00:29:17,160 --> 00:29:18,960
on Arizona's stern.
477
00:29:19,680 --> 00:29:22,320
[Daniel] One of the shells
is bounced off the faceplate
478
00:29:22,400 --> 00:29:26,960
of gun turret number three
and exploded into the water aside of it.
479
00:29:27,880 --> 00:29:30,240
[John] A bomb dropped
between us and the Vestal
480
00:29:31,440 --> 00:29:33,880
and it blew me inside the hatch,
knocked me silly.
481
00:29:34,440 --> 00:29:38,440
{\an8}And I, uh… [clears throat]
…of course, that set off a wildfire.
482
00:29:41,520 --> 00:29:44,920
[Michael] The, uh, repair ship Vestal
sustained two hits
483
00:29:45,040 --> 00:29:46,880
and almost sank right then and there,
484
00:29:47,080 --> 00:29:49,400
not from the explosions,
but from the flooding,
485
00:29:49,520 --> 00:29:51,680
because the bombs
went clear through the ship.
486
00:29:52,280 --> 00:29:55,400
[narrator] On the USS Arizona,
Bosun’s Mate John Anderson
487
00:29:55,720 --> 00:29:57,680
goes to help his twin brother Delbert
488
00:29:57,920 --> 00:30:00,240
on one of the ship's
anti-aircraft batteries.
489
00:30:01,480 --> 00:30:06,040
Unaware that a second group of bombers
has the Arizona in their sights.
490
00:30:08,360 --> 00:30:10,120
[John] I started up that ladder
to the boat deck
491
00:30:10,200 --> 00:30:12,240
where all the anti-aircraft guns were.
492
00:30:13,040 --> 00:30:18,320
When I got to the top of the ladder
and the enormous explosion occurred
493
00:30:18,440 --> 00:30:22,320
and people were just blown
all over the place.
494
00:30:22,440 --> 00:30:26,080
There's all kinds of body parts,
different, uh…
495
00:30:26,720 --> 00:30:29,680
There was nothing I could do--
To do, if anything,
496
00:30:29,760 --> 00:30:31,600
and a tremendous fire broke out.
497
00:30:31,760 --> 00:30:33,000
[explosion]
498
00:30:33,680 --> 00:30:37,400
That bomb lands
just slightly behind turret number two,
499
00:30:37,920 --> 00:30:42,200
it goes through the deck armor
and into the powder rooms
500
00:30:42,400 --> 00:30:45,680
for Arizona’s main guns
and detonates there.
501
00:30:46,080 --> 00:30:52,440
The result is that about a million pounds
of propellant go up instantaneously.
502
00:30:52,600 --> 00:30:54,360
[explosion]
503
00:30:54,880 --> 00:30:58,440
The forward end of the ship
and her mast go up
504
00:30:58,720 --> 00:31:03,040
by as much as 40 feet
before settling back down again.
505
00:31:03,120 --> 00:31:06,080
So, she's literally been
blown out of the water.
506
00:31:07,840 --> 00:31:11,800
[narrator] The bow of
the 32,500-ton ship is split
507
00:31:11,880 --> 00:31:14,400
from the rest
of the Arizona's superstructure.
508
00:31:14,800 --> 00:31:18,480
[Michael] The explosion
of the Arizona's forward magazines
509
00:31:18,640 --> 00:31:23,760
incinerated instantly almost everything
that was in the forward half of the ship.
510
00:31:25,360 --> 00:31:31,520
[Jonathan] Half or more of Arizona's crew
is killed outright by that conflagration
511
00:31:31,640 --> 00:31:36,200
and many others are, uh,
very badly injured by flash burns.
512
00:31:38,040 --> 00:31:40,040
[Louis] You're on fire
from the mainmast forward.
513
00:31:40,160 --> 00:31:42,800
The flames were floating up
hundreds of feet in the air,
514
00:31:43,040 --> 00:31:45,400
{\an8}and, uh, it was awful.
515
00:31:46,080 --> 00:31:49,120
{\an8}But we're just lucky that we were alive.
516
00:31:50,040 --> 00:31:54,040
The ones coming out of fire there,
we got 12, 14 of them in there,
517
00:31:54,120 --> 00:31:57,200
they were still alive.
A lot of them didn't live long.
518
00:32:01,080 --> 00:32:03,240
[John] I grabbed a guy,
but the hand was on fire,
519
00:32:03,320 --> 00:32:06,560
and I held on to him.
And he was from Greenfield, Ohio.
520
00:32:06,640 --> 00:32:07,720
I've never forgot that.
521
00:32:08,160 --> 00:32:10,400
And I saved him. I got him out of there.
522
00:32:14,080 --> 00:32:15,840
[narrator] Watching the horror unfold
523
00:32:16,200 --> 00:32:19,720
is the Commander of the Pacific Fleet,
Admiral Kimmell.
524
00:32:20,680 --> 00:32:21,960
[Jonathan] And in his words,
525
00:32:22,160 --> 00:32:25,800
he could see the Arizona sink down,
way down.
526
00:32:26,160 --> 00:32:28,560
And it's then
that the real weight of this attack
527
00:32:29,040 --> 00:32:32,040
falls fully on him
and he begins to understand
528
00:32:32,120 --> 00:32:35,760
just what a catastrophe,
uh, he is witnessing.
529
00:32:38,560 --> 00:32:42,720
[narrator] A Japanese photograph
documents the devastation in the harbor.
530
00:32:44,160 --> 00:32:46,080
[Daniel] Oil was coming from the Nevada,
531
00:32:46,440 --> 00:32:50,920
the West Virginia,
the Oklahoma, the California.
532
00:32:51,280 --> 00:32:56,760
Along Battleship Row,
the Arizona's explosion ignited that oil.
533
00:32:57,840 --> 00:33:02,120
And now you had oil fires
enveloping all of those ships.
534
00:33:02,760 --> 00:33:06,520
Even the inboard ships
now have oil around them and on fire.
535
00:33:09,360 --> 00:33:12,080
[narrator] USS Arizona's
senior surviving officer,
536
00:33:12,400 --> 00:33:16,160
Lt. Commander Sam Fuqua,
takes charge of the operation
537
00:33:16,360 --> 00:33:19,320
to fight the blaze
and evacuate the wounded.
538
00:33:19,600 --> 00:33:22,920
[Daniel] He was seeing men
falling dead on the deck
539
00:33:23,000 --> 00:33:26,000
and others just walking, uh, all afire.
540
00:33:26,280 --> 00:33:32,120
It was something so horrifying
he could hardly recall it without weeping.
541
00:33:32,480 --> 00:33:36,040
[Louis] In Honolulu,
their uniform were shorts and T-shirts,
542
00:33:36,120 --> 00:33:38,560
so their arms were burned,
their face was burned,
543
00:33:38,640 --> 00:33:39,720
their legs were burned.
544
00:33:39,920 --> 00:33:41,920
And you'd pick them up,
the skin would come off in your hands.
545
00:33:42,200 --> 00:33:44,480
They were burned pretty bad. Lot of them.
546
00:33:46,240 --> 00:33:47,720
[clock ticking]
547
00:33:52,760 --> 00:33:54,640
[Timothy] So, it is a confusing,
548
00:33:54,840 --> 00:33:58,240
eerie and nightmarish situation
on the Oklahoma
549
00:33:58,360 --> 00:34:01,040
as nothing can stop this ship
from going over.
550
00:34:01,240 --> 00:34:04,400
It's as if a monster took its claws
551
00:34:04,560 --> 00:34:09,000
and tore out
the outside skin of the Oklahoma
552
00:34:09,080 --> 00:34:11,160
and allowed the water to flood through.
553
00:34:11,720 --> 00:34:14,080
[Timothy] If they are on
the quarter deck, they are lucky.
554
00:34:14,280 --> 00:34:17,600
The roll of the ship is so slow
that a great many of them
555
00:34:17,680 --> 00:34:21,520
can simply walk over the railing
on the starboard side
556
00:34:21,640 --> 00:34:24,960
and then walk onto the keel of the ship.
557
00:34:25,160 --> 00:34:28,640
Unfortunately, those are the minority
of the sailors on the Oklahoma.
558
00:34:28,720 --> 00:34:31,360
The majority have taken shelter
below decks,
559
00:34:31,520 --> 00:34:34,400
which is where they are required to be
during an aerial attack.
560
00:34:35,240 --> 00:34:39,400
[narrator] More than 400 men
are trapped in the bowels of the ship.
561
00:34:39,560 --> 00:34:41,960
[Daniel] Now that the ship
had totally capsized,
562
00:34:42,360 --> 00:34:45,400
what has been the deck
is now the ceiling…
563
00:34:47,080 --> 00:34:50,480
and you're in this compartment,
that is your coffin.
564
00:34:51,680 --> 00:34:53,480
[narrator] Desperate measures are required
565
00:34:53,560 --> 00:34:56,840
aboard West Virginia
to prevent a similar fate.
566
00:34:57,280 --> 00:34:59,560
[Timothy] There is a lieutenant
commander who is taking charge
567
00:34:59,720 --> 00:35:02,920
and he orders all of the watertight
hatches sealed.
568
00:35:03,160 --> 00:35:07,040
And at one point, uh,
one of his junior officers hears men
569
00:35:07,160 --> 00:35:09,840
on the other side of
the water-tight door pounding away,
570
00:35:10,240 --> 00:35:13,480
asking to be let in,
'cause if they open those doors again,
571
00:35:13,920 --> 00:35:15,720
the whole damage control center floods
572
00:35:16,000 --> 00:35:19,120
and the effort to save
the West Virginia will perish.
573
00:35:19,600 --> 00:35:22,440
The lieutenant commander says,
"No, the door stays shut."
574
00:35:26,840 --> 00:35:28,920
[dramatic music playing]
575
00:35:29,720 --> 00:35:34,560
[Michael] There were heroic efforts
to try to move through gasoline fires.
576
00:35:34,920 --> 00:35:37,400
It was just a scene from hell.
577
00:35:39,680 --> 00:35:41,760
[narrator] Twenty minutes
into Japan's raid
578
00:35:41,840 --> 00:35:44,560
on the US Naval bastion of Pearl Harbor,
579
00:35:44,640 --> 00:35:47,680
their ambition to cripple
the Pacific Fleet
580
00:35:47,840 --> 00:35:51,280
by destroying its battleships
is well on the way.
581
00:35:51,840 --> 00:35:53,920
[Michael] Uh, there were
immense columns of smoke
582
00:35:54,040 --> 00:35:55,960
{\an8}coming up from multiple ships,
583
00:35:56,120 --> 00:36:00,880
{\an8}uh, primarily the West Virginia
and the Arizona,
584
00:36:00,960 --> 00:36:03,240
which cast a pall over everything.
585
00:36:04,360 --> 00:36:06,920
[narrator] The USS Arizona
is blown in half,
586
00:36:07,040 --> 00:36:13,760
the USS West Virginia is sinking fast,
and the USS Oklahoma nearby has capsized.
587
00:36:14,520 --> 00:36:15,720
[Jonathan] She's turned turtle,
588
00:36:15,800 --> 00:36:19,120
{\an8}the Americans are facing up
to having to figure out
589
00:36:19,200 --> 00:36:24,240
{\an8}how to chop holes in her bottom
to actually get some of the crewmen out
590
00:36:24,360 --> 00:36:26,560
that they suspect may be trapped inside.
591
00:36:31,680 --> 00:36:33,600
[clock ticking]
592
00:36:39,080 --> 00:36:42,880
[narrator] The California is still afloat,
but slowly sinking.
593
00:36:43,960 --> 00:36:47,280
Another quintet of level bombers
looms over her,
594
00:36:48,040 --> 00:36:50,120
but the salvo is off target.
595
00:36:50,600 --> 00:36:54,800
The harmless explosions
signal the end of the bombing raid.
596
00:36:55,080 --> 00:36:59,160
[intense music playing]
597
00:37:00,760 --> 00:37:04,200
The Americans are trying to figure out
how to rescue as many men as they can.
598
00:37:06,760 --> 00:37:10,120
{\an8}There's a lot of sailors
coming out in small boats
599
00:37:10,200 --> 00:37:13,400
{\an8}trying to pick up the survivors
and take them back to land,
600
00:37:13,480 --> 00:37:15,440
take them back to medical stations.
601
00:37:16,560 --> 00:37:20,800
[narrator] Enveloped by flames,
Arizona is in the direst need.
602
00:37:21,080 --> 00:37:24,160
Officer in charge, Sam Fuqua,
knows the crew is fighting
603
00:37:24,240 --> 00:37:27,560
a losing battle with the raging inferno.
604
00:37:27,680 --> 00:37:29,600
[Daniel] He immediately took action,
605
00:37:29,680 --> 00:37:33,960
{\an8}boats from the USS Solace,
the hospital ship, were coming alongside.
606
00:37:34,800 --> 00:37:38,360
{\an8}Fuqua was yelling at me
to get in one of those boats.
607
00:37:38,840 --> 00:37:41,600
"We want to save
as many men as we can, get in there."
608
00:37:41,760 --> 00:37:44,360
We-- I said, "I cannot leave.
My brother is there in someplace."
609
00:37:44,720 --> 00:37:46,280
"I got to find him, I got to find him."
610
00:37:46,760 --> 00:37:48,640
And he says, "He can't made it.
He couldn't have made it."
611
00:37:49,120 --> 00:37:54,040
[narrator] The Andersons are
one of 38 sets of brothers aboard Arizona.
612
00:37:54,760 --> 00:37:56,800
Only one set survived.
613
00:37:57,000 --> 00:37:59,440
"Just get in there."
He said, "This place is going to blow."
614
00:37:59,600 --> 00:38:03,000
[narrator] The blaze threatens
to ignite another ammunition store.
615
00:38:03,280 --> 00:38:04,440
[John] I said, "Well, I'm not going."
616
00:38:04,520 --> 00:38:06,240
He says, "Yes, you are."
And he shoved me in.
617
00:38:06,400 --> 00:38:08,680
With a wounded man in my hand.
618
00:38:09,680 --> 00:38:12,680
So, I got in the boat
whether I wanted to or not.
619
00:38:17,840 --> 00:38:19,320
[clock ticking]
620
00:38:24,480 --> 00:38:29,840
[Daniel] The USS Monaghan crew
was just passing Pearl City Peninsula
621
00:38:30,280 --> 00:38:34,720
when they were notified
that there was a submarine in that area.
622
00:38:34,880 --> 00:38:37,160
[suspenseful music playing]
623
00:38:37,760 --> 00:38:40,200
[narrator]
But this is no ordinary submarine.
624
00:38:42,400 --> 00:38:47,320
It's part of a fleet of midget subs
never before used in combat.
625
00:38:50,080 --> 00:38:53,800
{\an8}The Americans didn't have
mini submarines in their naval arsenal,
626
00:38:54,040 --> 00:38:56,120
{\an8}they weren't expecting
this sort of attack.
627
00:38:56,280 --> 00:38:59,680
{\an8}At first, the skipper
of the Monahan is incredulous.
628
00:38:59,840 --> 00:39:04,600
{\an8}He thinks there can't possibly be
an enemy submarine in the harbor,
629
00:39:05,400 --> 00:39:07,840
but just as he is saying these words,
630
00:39:08,040 --> 00:39:11,600
one of his crewmen
who is on the bridge says,
631
00:39:11,680 --> 00:39:14,280
"Well, I understand that, Skipper,
but what the hell is that?"
632
00:39:14,720 --> 00:39:17,320
And he points and you can see
the conning tower
633
00:39:17,760 --> 00:39:20,520
of a Japanese miniature submarine
dead ahead.
634
00:39:20,720 --> 00:39:23,080
[intense music playing]
635
00:39:23,240 --> 00:39:25,320
{\an8}[alarm blaring]
636
00:39:25,440 --> 00:39:30,240
[Daniel] The submarine itself
fired a torpedo at the Monaghan,
637
00:39:30,360 --> 00:39:32,600
which brushed along the side of the ship.
638
00:39:33,400 --> 00:39:40,400
The engineers rang up full power
and, uh, fired at the, uh, submarine.
639
00:39:41,920 --> 00:39:44,480
[Timothy] The first shot
goes right through the conning tower,
640
00:39:44,600 --> 00:39:45,960
and as the crew explained,
641
00:39:46,040 --> 00:39:49,720
decapitated the pilot
of the Japanese submarine,
642
00:39:49,840 --> 00:39:52,360
and then the Monaghan
proceeded straight ahead,
643
00:39:52,760 --> 00:39:56,200
rammed the enemy submarine,
and for good measure,
644
00:39:56,320 --> 00:39:58,720
rolled depth charges
off the back of the ship.
645
00:39:58,880 --> 00:40:02,400
Well, against, you know,
such a tiny target as that,
646
00:40:02,480 --> 00:40:04,440
the result is complete destruction.
647
00:40:06,600 --> 00:40:09,920
[narrator] It's a small price to pay
for the Japanese successes.
648
00:40:11,880 --> 00:40:16,960
The first wave attack on Pearl Harbor
has hit most of the prize targets.
649
00:40:17,080 --> 00:40:18,800
[narrator] But the fleet's flagship,
650
00:40:18,920 --> 00:40:23,440
the USS Pennsylvania,
in dry dock, remains unscathed,
651
00:40:24,040 --> 00:40:29,800
the USS Maryland and USS Tennessee
have so far escaped serious damage.
652
00:40:30,560 --> 00:40:35,160
Had the plan been better executed,
things could have been much worse.
653
00:40:36,000 --> 00:40:39,160
[Jonathan] If things had gone
absolutely according to plan,
654
00:40:39,400 --> 00:40:44,200
it's not unreasonable to think
that the Japanese might have sunk
655
00:40:44,360 --> 00:40:47,080
every single battleship in Battleship Row.
656
00:40:47,160 --> 00:40:48,160
[plane engine whirring]
657
00:40:48,360 --> 00:40:51,600
[narrator] Twenty-four
out of the available 40 torpedoes
658
00:40:51,840 --> 00:40:56,600
are launched against the Oklahoma,
the West Virginia and the California.
659
00:40:57,760 --> 00:41:02,360
There was definitely target fixation
on the Oklahoma and the West Virginia,
660
00:41:02,440 --> 00:41:06,920
and it prevented further damage
to the battleships Nevada and California,
661
00:41:07,040 --> 00:41:09,480
which by all rights could have been sunk.
662
00:41:10,560 --> 00:41:13,200
[Jonathan] Of the 50
heavy-armor-piercing bombs
663
00:41:13,360 --> 00:41:16,240
that the Japanese dropped,
they got only ten hits.
664
00:41:17,120 --> 00:41:18,560
That's a 20% hit rate,
665
00:41:18,640 --> 00:41:23,840
that's lower than they wanted to see
as a result of their work-up exercises.
666
00:41:24,040 --> 00:41:27,560
And of those ten hits,
a number of them were duds.
667
00:41:28,960 --> 00:41:31,280
[Timothy] The Japanese
lose only nine planes
668
00:41:31,360 --> 00:41:32,640
shot down in the first wave.
669
00:41:32,760 --> 00:41:34,440
It's a very minimal amount,
670
00:41:34,840 --> 00:41:37,200
considering all the risks
that went into this mission.
671
00:41:39,520 --> 00:41:41,680
[clock ticking]
672
00:41:45,160 --> 00:41:48,600
[soft patriotic music playing]
673
00:41:48,880 --> 00:41:51,320
[narrator] A lull settles over the harbor.
674
00:41:52,640 --> 00:41:58,320
The gates of hell had been opened up,
uh, by the end of the first attack wave.
675
00:41:58,680 --> 00:42:03,280
The scene and the anchorage
is absolutely cataclysmic.
676
00:42:04,480 --> 00:42:08,080
[narrator] Instead of relief,
there is chaos and fear.
677
00:42:08,720 --> 00:42:13,280
The, uh, men in the harbor were
just firing at anything and everything.
678
00:42:13,400 --> 00:42:16,720
They would hear a strange noise
and they'd start firing the machine guns.
679
00:42:17,040 --> 00:42:20,640
American, uh, planes,
if they got near the harbor,
680
00:42:20,760 --> 00:42:22,640
were thought to be Japanese planes.
681
00:42:23,760 --> 00:42:27,720
[Francis] We didn't know
whether the Japanese had troop ships
682
00:42:27,880 --> 00:42:31,040
{\an8}and they were gonna land
troops on the island or not.
683
00:42:31,120 --> 00:42:32,120
[intense music playing]
684
00:42:32,240 --> 00:42:33,120
[narrator] Next time,
685
00:42:33,280 --> 00:42:39,040
with the US Pacific Fleet on its knees,
a second wave of Japanese planes arrives.
686
00:42:39,560 --> 00:42:42,040
Their mission, to finish off the fleet.
687
00:42:42,600 --> 00:42:45,320
[Louis] All the fighters
and bombers in the air.
688
00:42:45,840 --> 00:42:48,440
The Nevada got attacked by everybody.
689
00:42:48,560 --> 00:42:53,640
[dramatic music playing]
690
00:42:53,720 --> 00:42:57,520
[Michael] By this time,
the Americans were fully alerted,
691
00:42:58,400 --> 00:43:00,600
and they were blind fighting mad.
692
00:43:01,800 --> 00:43:03,120
[Cass] He got a machine gun
693
00:43:03,200 --> 00:43:06,160
and was shooting back
at the Japanese planes.
694
00:43:06,760 --> 00:43:08,920
It showed a lot of courage to me.
695
00:43:09,000 --> 00:43:10,440
-[gunfire]
-[explosions]
696
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