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Narrator: They're watching you.
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00:00:03,671 --> 00:00:08,307
More than 4,000 satellites
circle the earth.
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00:00:08,309 --> 00:00:11,944
Every day, they uncover
new mysterious phenomena
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00:00:11,946 --> 00:00:13,846
that defy explanation.
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00:00:16,650 --> 00:00:18,884
The atomic tomb...
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00:00:18,886 --> 00:00:22,654
It looks like there's something
hidden underneath.
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00:00:22,656 --> 00:00:25,758
Vaughn:
This is one big gravestone.
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00:00:25,760 --> 00:00:29,828
Narrator: ...From the heavens,
unleashing hell.
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00:00:29,830 --> 00:00:33,465
You could get killed, and
your buddies could get killed.
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00:00:33,467 --> 00:00:36,502
Narrator: And did it come
from outer space?
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00:00:36,504 --> 00:00:41,573
That's not just a symbol.
That's a message.
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00:00:41,575 --> 00:00:45,310
Narrator: Baffling phenomena,
mysteries from space,
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00:00:45,312 --> 00:00:47,413
what on earth are they?
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00:00:58,426 --> 00:01:01,493
-- captions by vitac --
www.Vitac.Com
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00:01:01,495 --> 00:01:04,596
captions paid for by
discovery communications
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00:01:04,598 --> 00:01:08,934
September 9, 2015 --
when an eye in the sky
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00:01:08,936 --> 00:01:12,604
passes over the rocky mountains
of southwestern colorado,
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it captures a large
black-and-white shape
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00:01:14,942 --> 00:01:17,643
amid remote peaks.
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It looks almost like
one big parking lot
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in the middle of nowhere
with no structures around it,
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no sign of settlement,
no sign of human life.
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It looks like a big capital
letter "a" is imprinted
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00:01:30,157 --> 00:01:31,757
into the earth.
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Narrator: Spectral analysis
suggests the massive object
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00:01:34,462 --> 00:01:37,996
is made from rock or concrete.
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It's built up a little bit,
maybe like a mound.
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Maybe we're looking at
the top of something,
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00:01:43,971 --> 00:01:47,139
and there's something
hidden underneath.
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Narrator: Further investigation
uncovers a puzzling detail.
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Several tracks abruptly end
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on approach
to the mystery structure.
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Maybe the roads
aren't dead-ending at it,
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00:01:58,352 --> 00:02:02,888
but the roads are going into it,
and it's an underground complex.
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00:02:02,890 --> 00:02:06,658
The u.S. Military
certainly has those.
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00:02:06,660 --> 00:02:09,027
Narrator: Former intelligence
officer trevor albertson
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reveals that
if this is a military facility,
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it's not the only one
hidden under the rockies.
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Cheyenne mountain is built
inside a mountain, literally.
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It's about a 4-acre facility.
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It's the holy grail
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of u.S. Defense
command and control.
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This is where all air defense
in the united states
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and canada
is coordinated from.
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Narrator: The subterranean
cheyenne mountain complex
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becomes operational
in February 1967,
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tasked with identifying and
tracking attacks on the u.S.
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Today, the site houses several
clandestine government agencies.
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00:02:49,336 --> 00:02:51,503
Potential hostile assaults
are neutralized
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by 25-ton blast doors
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that can withstand
a 30-megaton nuclear explosion.
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Albertson:
It's got its own lake for water.
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The floors ride on giant springs
in the case of a nuclear attack
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to help deaden
the impact of shaking.
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00:03:05,886 --> 00:03:09,721
It's quite an amazing facility.
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00:03:09,723 --> 00:03:12,591
It's possible that this is an
underground military facility,
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not unlike cheyenne mountain
or, perhaps,
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even an annex
of cheyenne mountain.
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vaughn: Satellite images are not
going to solve this mystery,
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00:03:25,139 --> 00:03:27,940
so I'm driving there to see
if I can find some clues.
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Narrator: Scientist don vaughn
has discovered
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that the site doesn't appear on
any official military records.
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He wants to know why
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00:03:39,520 --> 00:03:42,754
and is heading to
the rockies to investigate.
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As he ventures deeper
into the mountains,
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he's struck by
the area's suitability
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for clandestine activity.
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Vaughn:
I am in the middle of nowhere.
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It's completely uncharted.
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All I'm seeing over here
is some brush, trees, rocks.
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narrator:
Vaughn's gps sends him off-road
towards the mystery site.
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00:04:13,854 --> 00:04:16,421
I don't know how
I feel about turning off
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onto a pretty much unnamed road
in the middle of nowhere.
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00:04:22,129 --> 00:04:24,730
"danger. Keep out."
I got to be honest.
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My heart is beating
a little faster.
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It's just -- there's something
unnerving about this place.
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narrator: The condition
of the road suggests
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that whatever is up here,
it's no longer in use.
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There's a 200-foot drop
and no guardrails,
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and this road hasn't been
maintained in decades.
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this is it!
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This is what I saw in the image.
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narrator:
The mystery structure is not
what vaughn was expecting.
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I thought it was concrete,
but it's bunch of rocks.
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00:05:23,590 --> 00:05:28,860
Seems to be some kind
of volcanic basalt rock.
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00:05:28,862 --> 00:05:32,864
Why would someone put tons of
rocks in the middle of nowhere
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00:05:32,866 --> 00:05:36,234
and surround it
with barbwire fence?
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Narrator: The massive
fenced-off mound of rocks
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covers an area
of 700,000 square feet
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and appears to be
several feet thick.
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vaughn:
Something has been buried here.
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00:05:51,785 --> 00:05:55,654
It's the only explanation for
an industrial-scale rock field.
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Why would anyone bury
something here?
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00:06:06,600 --> 00:06:09,468
narrator: As vaughn explores
the perimeter of the site,
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00:06:09,470 --> 00:06:14,039
he finds a shocking clue to what
lies buried behind the barbwire.
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is this
a radioactive-waste dump?
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Narrator:
Records reveal that the last
official major radioactive leak
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00:06:29,923 --> 00:06:32,491
in the u.S.
Was almost two decades ago
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and over 1,300 miles
away in ohio,
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yet whatever lies
buried here is huge
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and appears to have been
covered up in recent years.
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Vaughn:
Why would you dump something
here in the middle of colorado?
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It doesn't make any sense.
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Narrator:
Even buried under this mound,
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radioactive materials could pose
a serious threat.
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vaughn retreats.
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00:07:07,528 --> 00:07:12,664
Heading west, he finds a town...
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And stops to question locals
about the eerie site.
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What vaughn hears
seems incredible.
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The site in the image is
an entire town entombed in rock.
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And she knows the history
of this place?
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She knows everything
that --
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he learns a former resident
lives nearby...
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Yeah, okay, okay.
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00:07:37,458 --> 00:07:40,826
Yeah,
we could do that.
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vaughn:
This is just incredibly bizarre.
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Maybe she'll be able to tell me,
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why would an entire set
of buildings disappear
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and a huge concrete structure
appear in their place?
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00:08:03,817 --> 00:08:08,253
narrator:
Coming up, what lies beneath?
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Vaughn:
This is one big gravestone.
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Narrator:
And a message from the past
rises from the earth.
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The pattern that was found
in this field was binary code.
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narrator: High in colorado's
rocky mountains,
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00:08:36,717 --> 00:08:38,884
a satellite image
has lead scientist
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00:08:38,886 --> 00:08:40,952
don vaughn to a town buried
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and barricaded with signs
warning of radiation.
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he's tracking down
a former resident...
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00:08:55,736 --> 00:08:57,636
I think this is it.
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00:08:57,638 --> 00:09:01,940
...Who he hopes can shed
some light on the mystery.
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-Well, hey there!
-Hi! How are you?
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00:09:04,244 --> 00:09:07,112
-I'm good! You must be marie.
-I am.
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Marie templeton reveals
that the town buried
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00:09:09,883 --> 00:09:12,851
under the rubble
is called uravan.
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00:09:12,853 --> 00:09:16,187
She and her family moved there
around 70 years ago,
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00:09:16,189 --> 00:09:20,425
lured by the promise of work
in the local mine.
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00:09:20,427 --> 00:09:25,030
My husband was a miner,
and my father was a miner,
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00:09:25,032 --> 00:09:31,002
and you get mining in the blood,
and it just doesn't go away.
139
00:09:31,004 --> 00:09:33,405
The miners extract a mineral
from the rockies
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00:09:33,407 --> 00:09:35,240
called carnotite,
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00:09:35,242 --> 00:09:37,943
but after several years
working with the ore,
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00:09:37,945 --> 00:09:40,912
marie's father falls sick.
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00:09:40,914 --> 00:09:43,114
He had cancer.
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00:09:43,116 --> 00:09:45,350
They did a bunch of tests
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00:09:45,352 --> 00:09:48,653
and said there wasn't nothing
they could do for him, you know?
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00:09:48,655 --> 00:09:53,325
"go home.
Get ready to die."
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00:09:53,327 --> 00:09:55,594
marie's loss provides
the first clue
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00:09:55,596 --> 00:09:59,264
to the fate of the buried town
in the image.
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00:10:01,268 --> 00:10:03,768
The carnotite ore
contains radium,
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00:10:03,770 --> 00:10:06,972
a radioactive element
that glows in the dark,
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00:10:06,974 --> 00:10:09,474
but the first miners
at uravan are unaware
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that they're effectively
digging their own graves.
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00:10:13,080 --> 00:10:17,015
When my family was mining,
you bought a jackhammer,
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00:10:17,017 --> 00:10:19,050
some dynamite
and some fuse.
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00:10:19,052 --> 00:10:22,887
You got a lease from somebody
and went and mined.
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00:10:22,889 --> 00:10:24,556
Lester:
It wasn't understood that radium
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00:10:24,558 --> 00:10:26,858
could be damaging
to your health.
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00:10:26,860 --> 00:10:32,864
It wasn't recognized as a cancer
producer in the early 1900s.
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00:10:32,866 --> 00:10:36,768
It was simply a magical element.
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00:10:36,770 --> 00:10:38,903
Narrator: People used
the lethal radium produced
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00:10:38,905 --> 00:10:41,940
from the uravan ores
in toothpaste,
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00:10:41,942 --> 00:10:46,611
drinking water, jewelry,
and other everyday products.
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00:10:46,613 --> 00:10:50,382
They put this stuff
on the numbers in the clocks.
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00:10:50,384 --> 00:10:51,583
Mm-hmm.
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00:10:51,585 --> 00:10:54,986
And the clocks glowed
in the dark.
166
00:10:54,988 --> 00:10:57,022
Yet vaughn learned
that it's the discovery
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00:10:57,024 --> 00:10:58,823
of another mineral
in the carnotite
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00:10:58,825 --> 00:11:02,227
that leads to uravan
being buried under this mound.
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00:11:04,831 --> 00:11:08,700
During world war ii,
scientists find uranium oxide,
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00:11:08,702 --> 00:11:11,036
known as yellowcake, in the ore,
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00:11:11,038 --> 00:11:14,472
and the us military
takes control of the mine.
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00:11:14,474 --> 00:11:17,542
They produced yellowcake that
was then ultimately refined down
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00:11:17,544 --> 00:11:21,913
to become weapons-grade
fissile material.
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00:11:21,915 --> 00:11:23,648
Narrator: Uravan becomes
a feeder mine
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00:11:23,650 --> 00:11:27,185
to the manhattan project,
the top-secret program
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00:11:27,187 --> 00:11:31,790
to develop nuclear bombs
during the war.
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00:11:31,792 --> 00:11:34,426
The uranium dug out
by marie's father
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00:11:34,428 --> 00:11:37,429
helps create some
of the first atomic weapons.
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00:11:37,431 --> 00:11:39,030
Do you think your dad
and husband
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00:11:39,032 --> 00:11:41,299
knew what the uranium
was being used for?
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00:11:41,301 --> 00:11:42,534
I don't think
any of them.
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00:11:42,536 --> 00:11:47,105
They just knew
it was very, very important
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00:11:47,107 --> 00:11:49,741
to the war effort.
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00:11:49,743 --> 00:11:52,377
Morgan:
The word uranium was banned
from the official reports,
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00:11:52,379 --> 00:11:55,346
and so the people
working at uravan were unaware
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00:11:55,348 --> 00:11:58,750
that that's what
they were doing.
187
00:11:58,752 --> 00:12:02,253
Narrator:
On August 6 and 9, 1945,
188
00:12:02,255 --> 00:12:04,689
american planes dropped
two nuclear bombs
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00:12:04,691 --> 00:12:07,792
over hiroshima and nagasaki,
190
00:12:07,794 --> 00:12:13,598
killing 110,000 people
and ushering the war to a close,
191
00:12:13,600 --> 00:12:16,768
yet the japanese aren't
the only victims of uranium
192
00:12:16,770 --> 00:12:18,970
from the buried town.
193
00:12:18,972 --> 00:12:24,709
My dad was the first one
that they absolutely pinned
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00:12:24,711 --> 00:12:27,879
that to uranium mining.
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00:12:27,881 --> 00:12:33,718
I was losing my beloved dad
when he wasn't really even old,
196
00:12:33,720 --> 00:12:35,587
you know?
197
00:12:35,589 --> 00:12:39,190
Hundreds of uravan miners
subsequently developed cancer.
198
00:12:41,895 --> 00:12:45,797
Despite this, many choose
to continue working day in,
199
00:12:45,799 --> 00:12:48,666
day out
with the radioactive rock.
200
00:12:48,668 --> 00:12:52,504
So everyone knew that uranium
could cause health problems?
201
00:12:52,506 --> 00:12:53,805
Yeah.
202
00:12:53,807 --> 00:12:56,007
Well, and, you know,
everybody knows you might get
203
00:12:56,009 --> 00:13:01,312
run over by a tractor,
but people don't stop farming.
204
00:13:01,314 --> 00:13:03,848
The women the dying miners
leave behind
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00:13:03,850 --> 00:13:06,951
are known
as the uravan widows,
206
00:13:06,953 --> 00:13:09,954
yet marie isn't convinced
the uranium posed a threat
207
00:13:09,956 --> 00:13:12,457
to the rest of the townsfolk.
208
00:13:12,459 --> 00:13:17,028
My husband had some real
high-grade samples of uranium
209
00:13:17,030 --> 00:13:21,499
that were in our living room
for 40 years.
210
00:13:21,501 --> 00:13:23,935
Your husband had
uranium samples in the house?
211
00:13:23,937 --> 00:13:30,241
Yeah,
and I'm 89 years old!
212
00:13:30,243 --> 00:13:33,411
Vaughn learns that what sounds
the death knell for the town
213
00:13:33,413 --> 00:13:35,747
isn't the sky-high cancer rates
214
00:13:35,749 --> 00:13:39,851
but an accident
1,700 miles away.
215
00:13:39,853 --> 00:13:44,355
In 1979, a leak at three mile
island nuclear power plant
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00:13:44,357 --> 00:13:47,392
in pennsylvania exposes
2 million americans
217
00:13:47,394 --> 00:13:50,328
to radiation.
218
00:13:50,330 --> 00:13:52,630
Marie reveals
that in the aftermath,
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00:13:52,632 --> 00:13:57,068
the government turns
its attention to uravan.
220
00:13:57,070 --> 00:14:00,839
Officials decide
not only to shut down the mine
221
00:14:00,841 --> 00:14:04,542
but also raze the entire town
to the ground.
222
00:14:07,848 --> 00:14:09,581
They called us up one night
and said,
223
00:14:09,583 --> 00:14:11,382
"if you want to see
your buildings burn,
224
00:14:11,384 --> 00:14:14,185
be down here at 8:00
in the morning."
225
00:14:17,023 --> 00:14:22,060
that was very emotional,
very emotional.
226
00:14:22,062 --> 00:14:26,331
Marie templeton's incinerated
hometown is encased in concrete
227
00:14:26,333 --> 00:14:29,701
and covered with
thousands of tons of rock
228
00:14:29,703 --> 00:14:31,736
visible from space.
229
00:14:31,738 --> 00:14:34,906
They didn't have to take
all those houses out
230
00:14:34,908 --> 00:14:38,042
and destroy them.
231
00:14:38,044 --> 00:14:40,011
I'm still mad about it.
232
00:14:44,417 --> 00:14:51,856
today, while nagasaki
and hiroshima have been rebuilt,
233
00:14:51,858 --> 00:14:54,859
has been erased from history.
234
00:14:54,861 --> 00:14:57,595
Vaughn: I would be devastated
if my entire childhood
235
00:14:57,597 --> 00:15:03,801
were buried under thousands
of tons of concrete and rocks.
236
00:15:03,803 --> 00:15:06,471
This is one big gravestone.
237
00:15:06,473 --> 00:15:08,773
It's like uravan never existed.
238
00:15:21,488 --> 00:15:25,189
narrator: Coming up --
et answers the phone.
239
00:15:25,191 --> 00:15:28,026
Major: If this is a reply
from an alien civilization
240
00:15:28,028 --> 00:15:29,928
that received our message,
241
00:15:29,930 --> 00:15:33,131
this is probably
the biggest news, ever.
242
00:15:33,133 --> 00:15:36,801
Narrator:
And pimp my ride to jail.
243
00:15:36,803 --> 00:15:39,771
Kourounis: Because they are
so many super and hypercars,
244
00:15:39,773 --> 00:15:44,175
you need a police force
that can catch the speeders.
245
00:15:56,189 --> 00:16:00,625
Narrator: April 26, 2008 --
246
00:16:00,627 --> 00:16:02,727
aerial images taken
over the county
247
00:16:02,729 --> 00:16:04,729
of hampshire, southern England,
248
00:16:04,731 --> 00:16:07,598
reveal an unusual pattern
in the landscape.
249
00:16:10,570 --> 00:16:13,338
I see a crazy shape
in the middle of the field.
250
00:16:13,340 --> 00:16:16,541
It looks like
an infinity symbol.
251
00:16:16,543 --> 00:16:18,910
Kourounis: From the ground,
you wouldn't be able to tell
252
00:16:18,912 --> 00:16:21,779
that these markings are there.
253
00:16:21,781 --> 00:16:23,314
It makes me think, perhaps,
254
00:16:23,316 --> 00:16:27,518
these were intentionally
put there to be seen from above.
255
00:16:30,690 --> 00:16:33,524
Narrator: Local news reports
reveal this isn't the first time
256
00:16:33,526 --> 00:16:37,395
something weird
has appeared here.
257
00:16:37,397 --> 00:16:42,633
During the night
of August 19, 2001,
258
00:16:42,635 --> 00:16:47,739
this pattern materializes
in the same field.
259
00:16:47,741 --> 00:16:52,010
Kourounis:
The pattern that was found
in this field was binary code.
260
00:16:52,012 --> 00:16:55,013
That's not just a symbol
or a pattern.
261
00:16:55,015 --> 00:16:57,081
That's a message.
262
00:16:59,686 --> 00:17:02,387
Narrator: Space journalist
jason major recognizes
263
00:17:02,389 --> 00:17:05,590
the message.
264
00:17:05,592 --> 00:17:10,762
In 1974, the arecibo observatory
in puerto rico beams
265
00:17:10,764 --> 00:17:13,798
an almost exact copy
of it into space.
266
00:17:17,070 --> 00:17:19,303
The arecibo message was designed
267
00:17:19,305 --> 00:17:22,807
by astronomers frank drake
and carl sagan.
268
00:17:22,809 --> 00:17:26,377
Their attempt was to send
a message to a star system
269
00:17:26,379 --> 00:17:29,013
that potentially could
have inhabitants.
270
00:17:31,251 --> 00:17:34,018
Narrator: The arecibo encoded
radio message contains
271
00:17:34,020 --> 00:17:37,455
a detailed explanation
of life on our planet,
272
00:17:37,457 --> 00:17:43,594
the human race,
our dna and directions to earth.
273
00:17:43,596 --> 00:17:45,329
Major: It's kind of like
a message in a bottle.
274
00:17:45,331 --> 00:17:46,731
Write the note.
275
00:17:46,733 --> 00:17:50,535
You stick it in there, put the
cork in and throw it out.
276
00:17:50,537 --> 00:17:52,870
Narrator:
27 years after astronomers
277
00:17:52,872 --> 00:17:55,306
beamed the message
into deep space,
278
00:17:55,308 --> 00:17:59,944
an apparent copy appears
in this field,
279
00:17:59,946 --> 00:18:03,047
but it has
one crucial difference.
280
00:18:03,049 --> 00:18:05,983
In our outgoing message, it said
that we were made of carbon.
281
00:18:05,985 --> 00:18:09,520
The reply was identical,
except it said that,
282
00:18:09,522 --> 00:18:13,524
"we are made of silicon."
283
00:18:13,526 --> 00:18:15,560
major: The identification of
silicon is significant
284
00:18:15,562 --> 00:18:19,931
because we're always talking
about life as we know it,
285
00:18:19,933 --> 00:18:21,833
which is carbon-based life,
286
00:18:21,835 --> 00:18:25,136
but there potentially could be
other life in the universe
287
00:18:25,138 --> 00:18:29,507
that's based off of
other elements like silica.
288
00:18:29,509 --> 00:18:32,810
Narrator: Many suspect
the so-called message is a hoax,
289
00:18:32,812 --> 00:18:35,780
yet the appearance of a second
weird shape in the same field
290
00:18:35,782 --> 00:18:38,516
may be more than a coincidence.
291
00:18:38,518 --> 00:18:39,884
Could this new pattern
in the field
292
00:18:39,886 --> 00:18:44,255
be some other coded message?
293
00:18:44,257 --> 00:18:46,924
Narrator: When amanda marchetti
turns to digitalglobe's
294
00:18:46,926 --> 00:18:51,929
securewatch technology,
she discovers the strange symbol
295
00:18:51,931 --> 00:18:56,534
has not come from the heavens
but from underground.
296
00:18:56,536 --> 00:18:59,937
Marchetti: As I look at this
image using our infrared bands,
297
00:18:59,939 --> 00:19:03,174
I can actually see
how the plants forming
298
00:19:03,176 --> 00:19:06,110
the infinity symbol
are being influenced
299
00:19:06,112 --> 00:19:10,715
by something beneath
the earth's surface.
300
00:19:10,717 --> 00:19:14,785
Morgan: These things look like
they're here on purpose
301
00:19:14,787 --> 00:19:16,854
and may be the vestiges
302
00:19:16,856 --> 00:19:21,325
of some structures
that were buried over.
303
00:19:21,327 --> 00:19:25,263
Narrator: British land registry
records offer a clue.
304
00:19:25,265 --> 00:19:27,565
This wasn't always
open farming fields.
305
00:19:27,567 --> 00:19:29,467
During the second world war,
306
00:19:29,469 --> 00:19:31,869
this was
a functional aerodrome--
307
00:19:31,871 --> 00:19:33,671
raf chilbolton.
308
00:19:35,675 --> 00:19:38,843
Narrator: The records confirm
the royal air force's facility
309
00:19:38,845 --> 00:19:44,182
in chilbolton
becomes operational in 1940.
310
00:19:44,184 --> 00:19:47,418
It's a date that corresponds
with one of the most important
311
00:19:47,420 --> 00:19:51,822
battles of world war ii --
the battle of britain.
312
00:19:51,824 --> 00:19:54,926
The battle of britain is
so critical to understanding
313
00:19:54,928 --> 00:19:58,362
the way that the
second world war develops.
314
00:19:58,364 --> 00:20:04,001
Adolf hitler set his sights
on an invasion of England.
315
00:20:04,003 --> 00:20:06,404
The first stage in the german
attempt to invade britain
316
00:20:06,406 --> 00:20:08,806
was for the german air force,
luftwaffe,
317
00:20:08,808 --> 00:20:12,310
to knock out
the british air force.
318
00:20:12,312 --> 00:20:14,712
Narrator:
On July 10, 1940,
319
00:20:14,714 --> 00:20:17,515
british fighters engaged
70 nazi planes
320
00:20:17,517 --> 00:20:21,986
attacking a ship convoy
in the english channel.
321
00:20:21,988 --> 00:20:23,654
The first battle in history
322
00:20:23,656 --> 00:20:26,624
fought exclusively
in the air commences.
323
00:20:26,626 --> 00:20:28,526
Anchorman:
Very impressive and threatening,
their look in the air,
324
00:20:28,528 --> 00:20:30,962
bombing a ship,
but when you see them like this,
325
00:20:30,964 --> 00:20:32,830
they're not quite as formidable.
326
00:20:32,832 --> 00:20:35,399
What then begins in 1940
and continues all the way
327
00:20:35,401 --> 00:20:40,004
into may 1941
is this day-by-day at first
328
00:20:40,006 --> 00:20:42,773
and then night-by-night
after that air battle.
329
00:20:47,914 --> 00:20:50,514
narrator: The luftwaffe have
more experienced pilots
330
00:20:50,516 --> 00:20:53,084
and four times as many planes.
331
00:20:55,188 --> 00:20:58,189
For the british to succeed,
they must quickly target
332
00:20:58,191 --> 00:21:01,125
and intercept the waves
of german aircraft.
333
00:21:06,065 --> 00:21:08,899
experts think the mystery
pattern is one of the tactics
334
00:21:08,901 --> 00:21:12,637
the british developed
to avoid defeat.
335
00:21:12,639 --> 00:21:14,639
Janulis: What these
figure eights represent
336
00:21:14,641 --> 00:21:18,809
are a special type of runway.
337
00:21:18,811 --> 00:21:20,978
Narrator:
The so-called spectacle loop
338
00:21:20,980 --> 00:21:24,248
allows multiple hurricane
and spitfire fighter planes
339
00:21:24,250 --> 00:21:27,985
to simultaneously
prepare to engage the enemy.
340
00:21:27,987 --> 00:21:30,254
These figure eights
allowed the airplanes
341
00:21:30,256 --> 00:21:32,857
preparing to take off
to change direction
342
00:21:32,859 --> 00:21:35,192
and get into different
lanes for takeoff
343
00:21:35,194 --> 00:21:38,062
and landing without being
in the way of other aircraft.
344
00:21:40,400 --> 00:21:42,733
Narrator: With help from
the spectacle loop design,
345
00:21:42,735 --> 00:21:45,503
it takes the fighters
just 6 minutes to take off,
346
00:21:45,505 --> 00:21:51,309
climb to 15,000 feet
and engage incoming nazi planes.
347
00:21:51,311 --> 00:21:52,710
Janulis:
The key was efficiency.
348
00:21:52,712 --> 00:21:55,813
Get as many planes up as quickly
as you can because any plane
349
00:21:55,815 --> 00:21:58,549
that's on the ground
is potentially a dead plane.
350
00:22:03,589 --> 00:22:07,425
narrator: After 112 days
and nights of intense fighting,
351
00:22:07,427 --> 00:22:13,597
the british prevail, yet victory
comes at a huge cost.
352
00:22:13,599 --> 00:22:16,133
More than 500 pilots
from air bases
353
00:22:16,135 --> 00:22:18,836
such as chilbolton
never return home.
354
00:22:21,507 --> 00:22:23,040
Pilots who flew
from this airfield
355
00:22:23,042 --> 00:22:24,542
contributed to that victory,
356
00:22:24,544 --> 00:22:27,044
making it possible,
creating the circumstance
357
00:22:27,046 --> 00:22:29,947
whereby the luftwaffe
ultimately abdicates
358
00:22:29,949 --> 00:22:32,717
and surrenders
the skies to the raf.
359
00:22:32,719 --> 00:22:38,356
Narrator: In 1961, chilbolton
is officially shut down,
360
00:22:38,358 --> 00:22:40,191
but the shadow
of its pivotal role
361
00:22:40,193 --> 00:22:42,026
in the greatest air battle
in history
362
00:22:42,028 --> 00:22:44,929
remains visible from the skies.
363
00:22:49,569 --> 00:22:53,871
coming up, is this the world's
weirdest racetrack?
364
00:22:53,873 --> 00:22:57,608
There are millions of dollars
being spent on the racetracks
365
00:22:57,610 --> 00:23:00,010
and the races themselves.
366
00:23:00,012 --> 00:23:04,081
Narrator: And aerial armageddon
in the desert maze.
367
00:23:04,083 --> 00:23:06,684
You're disoriented.
You can't see out of it.
368
00:23:06,686 --> 00:23:10,020
You can get killed.
369
00:23:22,602 --> 00:23:27,238
Narrator: July 28, 2016 --
a satellite passing
370
00:23:27,240 --> 00:23:30,174
over the united arab emirates
in the middle east spots
371
00:23:30,176 --> 00:23:32,676
a distinctive pattern.
372
00:23:32,678 --> 00:23:37,314
It's two perfectly symmetrical
teardrop shapes,
373
00:23:37,316 --> 00:23:40,885
one inside the other
in the middle of the desert.
374
00:23:43,156 --> 00:23:46,357
Narrator: Scale analysis reveals
these oval etchings cover
375
00:23:46,359 --> 00:23:49,226
about a square mile.
376
00:23:49,228 --> 00:23:50,728
Kourounis:
This thing is massive!
377
00:23:50,730 --> 00:23:54,999
Clearly made intentionally
by man, but why?
378
00:23:58,337 --> 00:24:02,506
Narrator:
Closer study of the features
reveals a detail on the surface.
379
00:24:04,944 --> 00:24:07,278
When I analyze this image
a bit more closely,
380
00:24:07,280 --> 00:24:10,748
I'm immediately drawn
to these arrows.
381
00:24:10,750 --> 00:24:13,751
It's strange
because for every teardrop,
382
00:24:13,753 --> 00:24:15,719
they're all pointing
the same direction,
383
00:24:15,721 --> 00:24:17,888
which makes me think
this is a racetrack,
384
00:24:17,890 --> 00:24:20,491
but who's racing
around here and why?
385
00:24:24,363 --> 00:24:29,400
Narrator: A look at the roads
in these parts offers a clue.
386
00:24:29,402 --> 00:24:32,570
Thinks to the uae's
90,000 millionaires,
387
00:24:32,572 --> 00:24:36,674
this small country
is supercar central.
388
00:24:39,178 --> 00:24:42,146
One of the ways that
the super-rich in the uae love
389
00:24:42,148 --> 00:24:45,049
to spend their money is on cars.
390
00:24:45,051 --> 00:24:50,454
We are talking some of the most
ridiculous supercars imaginable.
391
00:24:50,456 --> 00:24:52,456
Ferraris, lamborghinis,
392
00:24:52,458 --> 00:24:56,660
aston martin, bugattis,
gold-plated porsches.
393
00:25:01,067 --> 00:25:03,367
Narrator:
Yet any fast-and-furious drivers
394
00:25:03,369 --> 00:25:07,204
on the streets of the capital,
dubai, are in for a surprise.
395
00:25:07,206 --> 00:25:13,010
The cops have a 1,000-horsepower
trick up their sleeves --
396
00:25:13,012 --> 00:25:15,346
super cop cars.
397
00:25:15,348 --> 00:25:17,748
The police force
have aston martins,
398
00:25:17,750 --> 00:25:20,818
bugattis and bentleys
of their own.
399
00:25:20,820 --> 00:25:24,321
Narrator:
The uae's pimped-up police cars
have pushed entrepreneurs
400
00:25:24,323 --> 00:25:28,125
to open up private raceways
across the country.
401
00:25:28,127 --> 00:25:30,094
Could this be a track
for some of the most
402
00:25:30,096 --> 00:25:32,530
extravagant cars on earth?
403
00:25:35,201 --> 00:25:37,535
Yet others think
this racetrack is more
404
00:25:37,537 --> 00:25:41,305
"driving miss daisy"
than "days of thunder."
405
00:25:41,307 --> 00:25:43,107
sanford: The straightaway
on this teardrop
406
00:25:43,109 --> 00:25:46,343
isn't long enough for a supercar
to get up to top speed.
407
00:25:46,345 --> 00:25:48,312
It just wouldn't be worth it.
408
00:25:50,349 --> 00:25:52,983
Narrator: Analysts consider
if this cluster of buildings
409
00:25:52,985 --> 00:25:55,352
is significant.
410
00:25:55,354 --> 00:25:57,254
Schuttler: If you look at
the bottom right of the image,
411
00:25:57,256 --> 00:26:01,258
you see a building,
and it's very reminiscent of,
412
00:26:01,260 --> 00:26:04,828
like, holding facilities
for animals.
413
00:26:04,830 --> 00:26:06,297
Narrator:
The structures appear to open
414
00:26:06,299 --> 00:26:10,935
onto a section of earth
between the tarmac strips.
415
00:26:10,937 --> 00:26:13,938
I think I'm actually looking
at the wrong thing.
416
00:26:13,940 --> 00:26:16,240
The lines that make up
the teardrop
417
00:26:16,242 --> 00:26:19,843
may not be
what I should be cueing into.
418
00:26:19,845 --> 00:26:23,647
It looks like there's something
being released onto the dirt
419
00:26:23,649 --> 00:26:29,086
in between the two teardrops.
420
00:26:29,088 --> 00:26:33,924
Narrator: Horse racing is big
business here.
421
00:26:33,926 --> 00:26:37,494
The dubai world cup carries
a purse of $10 million,
422
00:26:40,633 --> 00:26:43,267
yet the track in the image
is three times longer
423
00:26:43,269 --> 00:26:46,570
than those
usually used in horse racing,
424
00:26:46,572 --> 00:26:49,640
suggesting it's for animals
with a little more grit
425
00:26:49,642 --> 00:26:53,644
but a little less grace.
426
00:26:53,646 --> 00:26:57,281
Camel racing has been big here
for a very long time.
427
00:26:57,283 --> 00:27:01,018
Maybe that's what happens
at this track.
428
00:27:03,623 --> 00:27:07,224
Narrator:
Although as old as history,
camel racing has exploded
429
00:27:07,226 --> 00:27:10,094
in popularity here
in the last few decades.
430
00:27:15,334 --> 00:27:19,103
tens of thousands flocks
to the uae's 15 racetracks
431
00:27:19,105 --> 00:27:21,205
to watch these
ungainly creatures
432
00:27:21,207 --> 00:27:23,907
reaches speeds
of 40 miles per hour.
433
00:27:28,080 --> 00:27:31,081
camel racing in the uae
is like horse racing
434
00:27:31,083 --> 00:27:32,783
here in the united states.
435
00:27:32,785 --> 00:27:35,552
You can compare it to something
like the kentucky derby.
436
00:27:35,554 --> 00:27:39,323
There are millions of dollars
being spent on the racetracks,
437
00:27:39,325 --> 00:27:42,593
the animals
and the races themselves.
438
00:27:46,165 --> 00:27:50,467
Narrator: But behind the riches,
camel racing has a dark history.
439
00:27:50,469 --> 00:27:52,169
Schuttler: To keep the weight
on the camel light,
440
00:27:52,171 --> 00:27:54,371
you're going to need
a really light human,
441
00:27:54,373 --> 00:27:58,509
so children were actually
used as jockeys,
442
00:27:58,511 --> 00:28:00,044
and sometimes, these children
443
00:28:00,046 --> 00:28:03,013
were even stolen
from other countries
444
00:28:03,015 --> 00:28:05,849
and used against
their will in camel racing.
445
00:28:08,688 --> 00:28:11,121
Narrator: Observers estimate
the uae traffickers
446
00:28:11,123 --> 00:28:15,125
smuggled thousands
of child jockeys from asia,
447
00:28:15,127 --> 00:28:18,328
some as young as 5.
448
00:28:18,330 --> 00:28:19,730
Sanford: They didn't take care
of these kids.
449
00:28:19,732 --> 00:28:22,766
They would give them the minimal
amount of food that they needed.
450
00:28:22,768 --> 00:28:25,069
They wouldn't give them
any medical support if they fell
451
00:28:25,071 --> 00:28:27,104
and broke their arms.
452
00:28:29,809 --> 00:28:33,544
Narrator: In 2002, a law banning
the use of child jockeys
453
00:28:33,546 --> 00:28:36,880
forces racing-camel owners
to get inventive.
454
00:28:36,882 --> 00:28:39,616
The alternative to child jockeys
for camel racing,
455
00:28:39,618 --> 00:28:42,553
believe it or not,
is actually robots.
456
00:28:44,757 --> 00:28:47,691
They look like regular jockeys.
They're wearing silk jerseys.
457
00:28:47,693 --> 00:28:49,326
They've got their colors.
458
00:28:52,164 --> 00:28:56,033
Narrator: Locals fashion these
robo-jockeys from drill motors.
459
00:28:58,738 --> 00:29:02,573
Owners remotely brandish whips
from the comfort of their cars
460
00:29:02,575 --> 00:29:04,942
as they follow the camels
around the track
461
00:29:04,944 --> 00:29:07,478
on the teardrop pattern
in the image.
462
00:29:10,082 --> 00:29:14,051
Sanford: You have fleets of suvs
that are chasing the camels
463
00:29:14,053 --> 00:29:18,055
with people inside with remote
controls flicking switches
464
00:29:18,057 --> 00:29:21,792
to make those robots
hit the camels' bumps.
465
00:29:23,963 --> 00:29:28,432
Narrator: There are more than
160 words in arabic for camel,
466
00:29:28,434 --> 00:29:31,068
but only one for giddyup.
467
00:29:39,712 --> 00:29:43,614
coming up --
when war games get real...
468
00:29:43,616 --> 00:29:47,518
It's very dangerous, but it's
a key to survival in combat.
469
00:29:47,520 --> 00:29:50,287
Narrator:
...And a country on fire.
470
00:29:50,289 --> 00:29:53,390
If these fires can be seen
from space,
471
00:29:53,392 --> 00:29:55,459
they must be blazing infernos.
472
00:30:09,742 --> 00:30:12,543
July 21, 2013 --
473
00:30:12,545 --> 00:30:16,780
eyes in the sky
over nevada capture
474
00:30:16,782 --> 00:30:20,284
a striking image.
475
00:30:20,286 --> 00:30:22,986
It's barren.
There's nothing going on there.
476
00:30:22,988 --> 00:30:24,721
And then suddenly
in the center of it,
477
00:30:24,723 --> 00:30:28,358
you've got these
rectangular blocks.
478
00:30:28,360 --> 00:30:30,928
Major: This looks like
three lines of code.
479
00:30:30,930 --> 00:30:33,931
They're oddly symmetrical.
480
00:30:33,933 --> 00:30:38,435
Narrator:
The mystery feature covers
900,000 square feet of desert.
481
00:30:41,073 --> 00:30:44,641
A search of the wider area
yields a clue.
482
00:30:44,643 --> 00:30:47,477
This structure is located
only 60 miles
483
00:30:47,479 --> 00:30:50,714
from tesla's new
giant gigactory.
484
00:30:52,885 --> 00:30:55,385
This strange symbol
in the desert
485
00:30:55,387 --> 00:30:59,456
doesn't look dissimilar
from one of tesla's projects,
486
00:30:59,458 --> 00:31:03,560
the hornsdale power reserve
in australia.
487
00:31:05,865 --> 00:31:08,832
Narrator: South australia's
hornsdale power reserve,
488
00:31:08,834 --> 00:31:11,201
a 100-megawatt power plant,
489
00:31:11,203 --> 00:31:13,637
consists of dozens
of storage units,
490
00:31:13,639 --> 00:31:18,842
each containing thousands
of lithium-ion battery cells.
491
00:31:18,844 --> 00:31:22,746
It's the brainchild
of billionaire elon musk.
492
00:31:22,748 --> 00:31:27,017
It's actually
the world's largest battery.
493
00:31:27,019 --> 00:31:29,920
Nelson: Elon musk is
pioneering technology
494
00:31:29,922 --> 00:31:32,356
and is basically taking science
to the next level
495
00:31:32,358 --> 00:31:35,158
and making it economically
viable for people
496
00:31:35,160 --> 00:31:38,795
to utilize this cool tech.
497
00:31:38,797 --> 00:31:40,497
Narrator:
Designed to tackle the region's
498
00:31:40,499 --> 00:31:43,166
frequent life-threatening
power shortages,
499
00:31:43,168 --> 00:31:46,069
it can fire up
and power 30,000 homes
500
00:31:46,071 --> 00:31:48,272
with 1/2 a second's notice.
501
00:31:50,609 --> 00:31:53,777
What's more,
the $50 million facility
502
00:31:53,779 --> 00:31:56,346
is the result
of an audacious bet.
503
00:31:56,348 --> 00:31:59,783
Talk about putting your money
where your mouth is.
504
00:31:59,785 --> 00:32:03,120
Elon musk boasted on twitter
that if he could not build
505
00:32:03,122 --> 00:32:06,390
this battery facility
in australia in 100 days,
506
00:32:06,392 --> 00:32:09,192
it would be free,
507
00:32:09,194 --> 00:32:11,261
and he pulled it off.
508
00:32:14,166 --> 00:32:17,301
Narrator:
Yet further image analysis
suggests the desert feature
509
00:32:17,303 --> 00:32:21,171
might not be
a musk mega-battery 2.0.
510
00:32:21,173 --> 00:32:24,574
Looking at the satellite image,
we can see the structures,
511
00:32:24,576 --> 00:32:27,644
but when I pull back
the satellite image
512
00:32:27,646 --> 00:32:30,914
to see the map,
there's nothing here.
513
00:32:30,916 --> 00:32:33,317
It's just plain white desert.
514
00:32:33,319 --> 00:32:36,753
Whoever built these structures
is trying to hide it.
515
00:32:36,755 --> 00:32:41,091
This is not a tesla construction
because elon musk probably would
516
00:32:41,093 --> 00:32:42,392
have put this in the news by now
517
00:32:42,394 --> 00:32:44,761
because he's constantly
all over pr.
518
00:32:47,900 --> 00:32:50,934
Narrator: Military analysts
think this extreme remoteness
519
00:32:50,936 --> 00:32:53,804
provides a clue.
520
00:32:53,806 --> 00:32:57,307
The military has a long history
of using very isolated areas
521
00:32:57,309 --> 00:32:59,576
in the southwest part
of the united states
522
00:32:59,578 --> 00:33:01,845
to conduct secret tests,
523
00:33:01,847 --> 00:33:04,414
classified programs,
things of that nature.
524
00:33:06,485 --> 00:33:08,518
Narrator:
Carlo munoz thinks he recognizes
525
00:33:08,520 --> 00:33:11,955
the regular structures.
526
00:33:11,957 --> 00:33:16,727
Munoz:
I suspect that this structure
was made out of ship crates.
527
00:33:16,729 --> 00:33:19,663
The us military uses ship crates
to do training facilities
528
00:33:19,665 --> 00:33:22,232
all the time
because they're highly mobile.
529
00:33:22,234 --> 00:33:25,068
You can just use a simple crane
to move them around.
530
00:33:27,606 --> 00:33:31,274
Narrator:
The military uses shipping
containers as portable barracks,
531
00:33:31,276 --> 00:33:36,947
offices and for storage,
but munoz reveals they also make
532
00:33:36,949 --> 00:33:42,652
for the perfect diy metropolis
for urban war games.
533
00:33:42,654 --> 00:33:44,654
Munoz: Fighting in the city
is a lot different
534
00:33:44,656 --> 00:33:47,657
than fighting on a open plain
or anywhere else.
535
00:33:47,659 --> 00:33:50,160
You have to be able to develop
certain skills
536
00:33:50,162 --> 00:33:53,363
to move around these areas
and be able to survive.
537
00:33:53,365 --> 00:33:55,499
Now, the way to learn
these things
538
00:33:55,501 --> 00:33:58,301
are at facilities like this.
539
00:34:00,939 --> 00:34:04,274
Narrator:
Like "sim city" for gun nuts,
540
00:34:04,276 --> 00:34:06,543
military brass
arranges the containers
541
00:34:06,545 --> 00:34:11,748
to replicate urban training
environments around the world,
542
00:34:11,750 --> 00:34:16,453
from a fake fallujah
to a counterfeit kabul.
543
00:34:16,455 --> 00:34:17,954
Munoz: You can basically make
them look like
544
00:34:17,956 --> 00:34:19,656
whatever you want them
to look like.
545
00:34:19,658 --> 00:34:22,459
It could be anything from
a mosque to a market
546
00:34:22,461 --> 00:34:26,129
to an actual downtown area.
547
00:34:26,131 --> 00:34:28,932
Narrator: This is the nevada
test and training range,
548
00:34:28,934 --> 00:34:32,302
but grunts call it gotham city,
549
00:34:32,304 --> 00:34:36,139
and you'd have to be
bat-crazy to live here.
550
00:34:36,141 --> 00:34:39,543
On any given day, f-15s,
a-10 warthogs,
551
00:34:39,545 --> 00:34:41,211
and apache helicopters
552
00:34:41,213 --> 00:34:45,282
unleash an aerial apocalypse
during live-action exercises.
553
00:34:48,220 --> 00:34:52,189
Albertson: And it's all done
in very tight quarters.
554
00:34:52,191 --> 00:34:58,228
It's very dangerous, but it's
a key to survival in combat.
555
00:34:58,230 --> 00:35:01,264
Narrator: On the ground, troops
rehearse rescue missions,
556
00:35:01,266 --> 00:35:06,303
ambushes and assaults in
preparation for the real thing.
557
00:35:06,305 --> 00:35:08,972
Albertson: You're disoriented.
You can't see out of it.
558
00:35:08,974 --> 00:35:10,207
It's like a maze.
559
00:35:10,209 --> 00:35:11,641
People could be
firing down on you,
560
00:35:11,643 --> 00:35:14,911
from around corners as well,
out of windows and buildings.
561
00:35:14,913 --> 00:35:18,515
It's a really confusing kind of
situation you're going to be in,
562
00:35:18,517 --> 00:35:23,320
and it teaches you to keep
your eyes open all of the time.
563
00:35:23,322 --> 00:35:25,622
Narrator: At night, the nevada
skies light up
564
00:35:25,624 --> 00:35:31,428
with tracer rounds traveling
at 3,000 feet per second,
565
00:35:31,430 --> 00:35:36,900
turning the containers
into colanders
566
00:35:36,902 --> 00:35:41,271
and the local wildlife
into insomniacs.
567
00:35:41,273 --> 00:35:44,941
In many ways, you learn
on facilities like this
568
00:35:44,943 --> 00:35:46,710
like you would in a video game.
569
00:35:46,712 --> 00:35:48,378
But you could get killed,
570
00:35:48,380 --> 00:35:50,080
and your buddies
could get killed.
571
00:35:50,082 --> 00:35:52,949
It's very real, and you learn
that out in these facilities
572
00:35:52,951 --> 00:35:55,485
because being out in the
real world is no video game.
573
00:36:00,959 --> 00:36:05,295
narrator: Coming up --
the unstoppable infernos.
574
00:36:05,297 --> 00:36:07,664
They could destroy
everything in their path.
575
00:36:21,613 --> 00:36:23,947
Narrator: July 12, 2017 --
576
00:36:23,949 --> 00:36:27,684
satellites use visible
and infrared technology
577
00:36:27,686 --> 00:36:31,721
to map fires
blazing across the globe.
578
00:36:31,723 --> 00:36:33,823
As they pass over
northern ireland,
579
00:36:33,825 --> 00:36:37,227
they capture this image.
580
00:36:37,229 --> 00:36:38,495
Nelson: This image is alarming
581
00:36:38,497 --> 00:36:42,532
because it indicates
an entire country on fire.
582
00:36:45,070 --> 00:36:47,270
Kourounis: If these can be
spotted from space,
583
00:36:47,272 --> 00:36:49,739
we're not talking
little campfires here.
584
00:36:49,741 --> 00:36:53,743
These are significant blazes
and lots of them.
585
00:36:56,882 --> 00:36:59,349
Narrator:
75% of northern ireland
586
00:36:59,351 --> 00:37:01,151
is dedicated to farming.
587
00:37:04,423 --> 00:37:08,625
Analysts consider
if this offers a clue.
588
00:37:08,627 --> 00:37:11,895
Nelson:
Swailing is a term used to
describe the farming technique,
589
00:37:11,897 --> 00:37:14,297
where you basically
burn off all the dead,
590
00:37:14,299 --> 00:37:17,734
dying organic material,
and that promotes new growth.
591
00:37:20,672 --> 00:37:24,874
It clears the land, creates a
type of fertilizer for the soil,
592
00:37:24,876 --> 00:37:27,677
and even thougit's not
the most sustainable type
593
00:37:27,679 --> 00:37:29,846
of farming, it does work.
594
00:37:34,152 --> 00:37:35,318
Narrator: In northern ireland,
595
00:37:35,320 --> 00:37:38,922
much of this wild-weed layer
is gorse,
596
00:37:38,924 --> 00:37:41,725
a spiny shrub
with bright yellow flowers,
597
00:37:41,727 --> 00:37:45,862
traditionally used
to color and flavor whiskey.
598
00:37:45,864 --> 00:37:47,597
The wood's high oil content
599
00:37:47,599 --> 00:37:49,833
burns at
2,000 degrees fahrenheit,
600
00:37:49,835 --> 00:37:52,369
the same temperature
as charcoal.
601
00:37:55,674 --> 00:37:57,574
While swailing can have
a lot of benefits,
602
00:37:57,576 --> 00:37:59,643
it can also
be kind of dangerous.
603
00:38:02,447 --> 00:38:04,047
Kourounis:
Gorse fires in northern ireland
604
00:38:04,049 --> 00:38:07,584
can be like the forest fires
that you see in california.
605
00:38:07,586 --> 00:38:08,852
Under the right conditions,
606
00:38:08,854 --> 00:38:11,454
they can destroy
everything in their path.
607
00:38:14,126 --> 00:38:15,892
Narrator:
According to news reports,
608
00:38:15,894 --> 00:38:18,361
in the first half of 2017,
609
00:38:18,363 --> 00:38:22,365
firefighters put out
almost 2,000 gorse fires.
610
00:38:24,569 --> 00:38:27,337
80% are started deliberately.
611
00:38:29,841 --> 00:38:32,342
So maybe what we're seeing here
are swailing fires
612
00:38:32,344 --> 00:38:36,112
that have gotten
out of control.
613
00:38:36,114 --> 00:38:39,783
Narrator:
Yet when analysts study the
precise location of the fires,
614
00:38:39,785 --> 00:38:41,685
the mystery deepens.
615
00:38:41,687 --> 00:38:44,654
These are concentrated primarily
in highly populated areas
616
00:38:44,656 --> 00:38:47,824
like belfast,
probably not a wildfire.
617
00:38:47,826 --> 00:38:50,994
Narrator: Historian guy walters
takes a closer look.
618
00:38:50,996 --> 00:38:52,462
What's quite striking
about this image
619
00:38:52,464 --> 00:38:56,066
is that you see these fires
only burning in northern ireland
620
00:38:56,068 --> 00:38:57,934
but not in
the republic of ireland.
621
00:39:00,739 --> 00:39:02,872
Narrator: Walters thinks the
date of the fires
622
00:39:02,874 --> 00:39:04,541
is significant.
623
00:39:04,543 --> 00:39:08,144
July the 12th is a big day
for the protestant community
624
00:39:08,146 --> 00:39:09,579
in northern ireland.
625
00:39:09,581 --> 00:39:13,450
It's the date in 1690
when king william of orange,
626
00:39:13,452 --> 00:39:17,854
a protestant,
beats king james ii, a catholic.
627
00:39:17,856 --> 00:39:24,427
Narrator: In 1690, the armies
of protestant william of orange
628
00:39:24,429 --> 00:39:27,297
and catholic king james ii
square off
629
00:39:27,299 --> 00:39:31,568
on opposite sides
of the river boyne near dublin.
630
00:39:31,570 --> 00:39:34,771
It will be the last time
the kings of England and ireland
631
00:39:34,773 --> 00:39:37,507
face each other
on the battlefield.
632
00:39:37,509 --> 00:39:40,977
Walters:
Now, they have this enormous
battle, which william wins.
633
00:39:40,979 --> 00:39:44,881
This battle causes problems
in ireland for centuries.
634
00:39:44,883 --> 00:39:46,983
The majority of the population
are catholic,
635
00:39:46,985 --> 00:39:50,720
yet they're ruled
by protestants.
636
00:39:50,722 --> 00:39:51,955
Narrator:
William of orange takes
637
00:39:51,957 --> 00:39:54,190
immediate advantage
of his victory,
638
00:39:54,192 --> 00:39:57,694
turning ireland into
a revenue-generating machine.
639
00:39:57,696 --> 00:40:02,098
Horton: The majority catholic
population came to be dominated
640
00:40:02,100 --> 00:40:08,271
by a protestant governing class
living in grand houses
641
00:40:08,273 --> 00:40:10,573
with great estate walls
around them,
642
00:40:10,575 --> 00:40:15,145
exploiting and taxing
and creating massive rents
643
00:40:15,147 --> 00:40:18,815
out of the poor irish.
644
00:40:18,817 --> 00:40:22,652
Narrator: In 1916, following
centuries of exploitation,
645
00:40:22,654 --> 00:40:25,522
ireland's catholic
population rebels.
646
00:40:27,526 --> 00:40:31,661
450 people die,
and 2,000 are injured in a week
647
00:40:31,663 --> 00:40:35,365
of fighting known
as the easter rising.
648
00:40:35,367 --> 00:40:39,769
In 1922, ireland declares itself
a free state.
649
00:40:39,771 --> 00:40:41,671
Horton: However,
there remained a problem
650
00:40:41,673 --> 00:40:43,573
because up in
the northeast of ireland,
651
00:40:43,575 --> 00:40:45,475
the area known as ulster,
652
00:40:45,477 --> 00:40:47,577
the population
was largely protestant
653
00:40:47,579 --> 00:40:49,779
and were very unwilling to join
654
00:40:49,781 --> 00:40:55,952
what would be the largely
catholic island of ireland.
655
00:40:55,954 --> 00:40:57,954
Narrator:
Ireland's six northern counties,
656
00:40:57,956 --> 00:41:00,390
where the fires were captured
by satellite,
657
00:41:00,392 --> 00:41:02,225
opt out of the free state,
658
00:41:02,227 --> 00:41:04,727
choosing to remain
in the united kingdom.
659
00:41:04,729 --> 00:41:06,062
You might think
that splitting a country
660
00:41:06,064 --> 00:41:08,598
like that would be a quick fix,
but it really isn't.
661
00:41:08,600 --> 00:41:11,367
You've still got catholics
living in the protestant north,
662
00:41:11,369 --> 00:41:15,004
and protestants living
in the catholic south.
663
00:41:15,006 --> 00:41:19,876
Narrator: Investigators discover
that northern irish protestants
664
00:41:19,878 --> 00:41:22,545
commemorate the battle
of the boyne by parading
665
00:41:22,547 --> 00:41:25,615
and lighting hundreds
of massive beacon fires.
666
00:41:29,621 --> 00:41:32,121
Horton: So what you see
on that satellite imagery
667
00:41:32,123 --> 00:41:35,892
is not just that event
on the 12th of July
668
00:41:35,894 --> 00:41:40,830
but also a map of where
the protestant populations
669
00:41:40,832 --> 00:41:43,733
are located in ireland.
670
00:41:46,338 --> 00:41:47,904
Walters: Clearly, these marches
are inflammatory.
671
00:41:47,906 --> 00:41:51,307
It's protestants celebrating
their victory over catholics.
672
00:41:51,309 --> 00:41:54,878
It's basically a big "up yours"
to your next-door neighbor.
673
00:41:57,649 --> 00:42:01,050
Narrator: Reports from 2018 show
violent clashes
674
00:42:01,052 --> 00:42:04,854
across northern ireland
during the commemoration.
675
00:42:04,856 --> 00:42:08,358
In belfast, masked men
torch hijacked cars,
676
00:42:08,360 --> 00:42:11,628
and a pipe bomb
destroys a bus.
677
00:42:11,630 --> 00:42:14,230
It's not just bonfires
that are burning that night.
678
00:42:14,232 --> 00:42:18,401
The streets are in flames.
679
00:42:18,403 --> 00:42:20,937
This is evidence from space
that the troubles
680
00:42:20,939 --> 00:42:22,639
and the divisions
in northern ireland
681
00:42:22,641 --> 00:42:24,507
are still very much there.
56504
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