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1
00:00:06,122 --> 00:00:07,412
VALERY LEGASOV:
What is the cost of lies?
2
00:00:10,081 --> 00:00:11,211
Who is to blame?
3
00:00:15,790 --> 00:00:16,870
It doesn't matter.
4
00:00:17,456 --> 00:00:18,916
WOMAN: It doesn't look right.
5
00:00:21,831 --> 00:00:22,961
MAN: We taste metal.
6
00:00:23,581 --> 00:00:25,751
ENGINEER: I think
there's graphite on the ground.
7
00:00:26,373 --> 00:00:27,413
You didn't see graphite.
8
00:00:28,039 --> 00:00:31,619
(YELLING) You didn't
because it's not there!
9
00:00:33,748 --> 00:00:37,618
We seal off the city. Contain
the spread of misinformation.
10
00:00:37,706 --> 00:00:38,916
(APPLAUSE)
11
00:00:39,122 --> 00:00:40,412
(PHONE RINGS)
12
00:00:41,623 --> 00:00:42,753
(MUFFLED GROANING)
13
00:00:44,164 --> 00:00:45,834
(RINGING CONTINUES)
14
00:00:49,331 --> 00:00:51,711
BORIS SHCHERBINA: (ON PHONE)
Secretary Gorbachev
has appointed a committee
15
00:00:51,790 --> 00:00:54,000
to manage the accident.
You're on it.
16
00:01:09,665 --> 00:01:11,615
(wind blowing softly)
17
00:01:11,706 --> 00:01:14,616
(dosimeter clicking faintly)
18
00:01:30,665 --> 00:01:32,825
♪ ♪
19
00:01:39,247 --> 00:01:42,287
(man reading poem
in Ukrainian, over radio)
20
00:02:02,331 --> 00:02:04,541
(man continues reading
poem over radio)
21
00:02:22,665 --> 00:02:25,245
(door opens, closes)
22
00:02:28,122 --> 00:02:30,252
(footsteps approaching)
23
00:02:35,873 --> 00:02:37,543
(turns off radio)
24
00:02:39,373 --> 00:02:41,413
You work too hard.
25
00:02:42,706 --> 00:02:47,326
-Where is everyone?
-Oh, they refused to come in.
26
00:02:47,414 --> 00:02:49,924
-Why?
-It's Saturday.
27
00:02:53,039 --> 00:02:55,369
-Why did you come in?
-I work too hard.
28
00:02:55,456 --> 00:02:57,246
It's boiling in here.
29
00:03:01,956 --> 00:03:04,866
(dosimeter alarm buzzing)
30
00:03:09,539 --> 00:03:10,919
(buzzing stops)
31
00:03:12,081 --> 00:03:14,621
Eight milliroentgen. A leak?
32
00:03:14,706 --> 00:03:15,956
No.
33
00:03:16,873 --> 00:03:19,373
It would've gone off before.
It's coming from outside.
34
00:03:19,456 --> 00:03:21,076
The Americans?
35
00:03:22,706 --> 00:03:25,036
(wind blowing)
36
00:03:42,790 --> 00:03:45,120
(machines humming)
37
00:03:49,831 --> 00:03:51,961
(whirring)
38
00:03:52,623 --> 00:03:56,293
(printer clacking)
39
00:04:01,831 --> 00:04:04,331
Iodine 131.
40
00:04:04,414 --> 00:04:08,254
It's not military.
It's uranium decay, U-235.
41
00:04:08,331 --> 00:04:09,831
Reactor fuel?
42
00:04:12,373 --> 00:04:16,003
Ignalina. Maybe, uh,
240 kilometers away.
43
00:04:16,081 --> 00:04:18,671
(rotary phone dialing)
44
00:04:23,498 --> 00:04:24,708
(line rings)
45
00:04:24,790 --> 00:04:26,580
Yes, this is Ulana Khomyuk
46
00:04:26,665 --> 00:04:29,155
with the Institute
of Nuclear En--
47
00:04:29,247 --> 00:04:30,917
Looking for--?
48
00:04:30,997 --> 00:04:33,957
(man speaking indistinctly
over phone)
49
00:04:35,498 --> 00:04:38,118
-All right, stay calm.
-Man (over phone):
Don't tell me to stay calm.
50
00:04:38,206 --> 00:04:40,156
(man continuing indistinctly)
51
00:04:41,997 --> 00:04:44,787
They're at four. It's not them.
52
00:04:44,873 --> 00:04:47,583
-Who's the next closest?
-It's Chernobyl,
but that's not possible.
53
00:04:47,665 --> 00:04:49,245
They're 400 kilometers away.
54
00:04:49,331 --> 00:04:51,461
That's too far
for eight milliroentgen.
55
00:04:51,539 --> 00:04:53,159
They'd have to be split open.
56
00:04:53,247 --> 00:04:55,367
Maybe they know something.
57
00:04:55,456 --> 00:04:57,576
(rotary phone dialing)
58
00:05:00,456 --> 00:05:02,326
(line ringing)
59
00:05:03,039 --> 00:05:05,669
-Iodine.
-Could it be
a waste dump?
60
00:05:05,748 --> 00:05:07,118
Khomyuk:
No.
61
00:05:07,206 --> 00:05:09,576
We'd be seeing
other isotopes.
62
00:05:09,665 --> 00:05:12,745
Nuclear test?
Uh, new kind of bomb?
63
00:05:12,831 --> 00:05:16,161
We'd have heard. That's what
half our people work on here.
64
00:05:17,623 --> 00:05:22,373
Something with
the space program
like a satellite or...?
65
00:05:22,456 --> 00:05:24,156
(line ringing)
66
00:05:24,247 --> 00:05:26,367
No one's answering the phone.
67
00:05:28,122 --> 00:05:31,252
(line ringing)
68
00:05:34,581 --> 00:05:37,211
♪ ♪
69
00:05:37,289 --> 00:05:38,459
(ringing continues)
70
00:05:38,539 --> 00:05:40,619
(sirens wailing)
71
00:05:46,498 --> 00:05:49,208
-Zinchenko: Get everyone
started on an IV.
-We don't have enough.
72
00:05:49,289 --> 00:05:51,289
-All the children then.
-But we don't have enough!
73
00:05:51,373 --> 00:05:52,793
As many as you can.
74
00:05:52,873 --> 00:05:56,583
-Zinchenko: Where's the old man?
-He's set up a burn ward in 16.
75
00:05:57,164 --> 00:06:00,544
(noisy chattering)
76
00:06:10,247 --> 00:06:11,827
What are you doing?
What is that?
77
00:06:11,915 --> 00:06:14,035
Milk. It's milk.
Much better than water.
78
00:06:14,122 --> 00:06:15,622
No, no, no.
Stop. Stop!
79
00:06:15,706 --> 00:06:18,206
-What are you doing?
-These are radiation burns!
80
00:06:18,289 --> 00:06:20,499
Their clothes are contaminated!
81
00:06:20,581 --> 00:06:22,081
Help me!
82
00:06:23,206 --> 00:06:24,666
Get it all off.
83
00:06:24,748 --> 00:06:25,828
(moaning)
84
00:06:25,915 --> 00:06:27,955
We're taking it
down to the basement.
85
00:06:30,873 --> 00:06:32,503
He was a firefighter
from Chernobyl.
86
00:06:32,581 --> 00:06:34,121
Can you stop pushing,
please?
87
00:06:34,206 --> 00:06:36,036
(muffled shouting)
88
00:06:36,122 --> 00:06:39,582
-(crowd shouting)
-Soldier: We have our orders!
89
00:06:39,665 --> 00:06:42,205
-Disperse!
-Hey, there! Get him!
90
00:06:42,289 --> 00:06:44,209
(Lyudmilla shouts indistinctly)
91
00:06:44,289 --> 00:06:46,709
Woman: Why you
keeping us out here?
92
00:06:46,790 --> 00:06:48,920
(clamoring)
93
00:06:50,373 --> 00:06:52,293
(clamoring)
94
00:06:55,456 --> 00:06:57,496
♪ ♪
95
00:07:40,706 --> 00:07:42,616
(door opens, closes)
96
00:07:42,706 --> 00:07:44,456
Professor Legasov?
97
00:07:44,539 --> 00:07:46,159
Oh, no, not yet.
98
00:07:46,247 --> 00:07:48,577
They're finishing up
some other business.
It'll be a few more minutes.
99
00:07:48,665 --> 00:07:51,405
-Can I get you some tea?
-No, I'm fine. Thank you.
100
00:07:51,498 --> 00:07:54,288
Would you care to read
Deputy Chairman Shcherbina's
report while you wait?
101
00:07:54,373 --> 00:07:56,163
Certainly. Thank you.
102
00:08:00,206 --> 00:08:03,206
(door opens, closes)
103
00:08:23,831 --> 00:08:25,921
(paper rustles)
104
00:08:29,414 --> 00:08:32,464
♪ ♪
105
00:08:35,206 --> 00:08:37,246
(pages rustling)
106
00:08:48,539 --> 00:08:50,579
♪ ♪
107
00:08:53,414 --> 00:08:55,084
(door opens)
108
00:08:55,665 --> 00:08:57,745
Kremlin Aide:
All right, Professor.
They're ready.
109
00:08:58,997 --> 00:09:00,787
Professor Legasov?
110
00:09:09,331 --> 00:09:11,461
♪ ♪
111
00:09:25,915 --> 00:09:28,115
Gorbachev:
You have my support.
112
00:09:34,456 --> 00:09:36,366
Gorbachev:
Thank you all for your
duty to this commission.
113
00:09:36,456 --> 00:09:39,536
We will begin with Deputy
Chairman Shcherbina's briefing,
114
00:09:39,623 --> 00:09:43,253
and then we will discuss
next steps if necessary.
115
00:09:43,331 --> 00:09:45,211
Thank you,
comrade General Secretary.
116
00:09:45,289 --> 00:09:49,409
I'm pleased to report
that the situation
in Chernobyl is stable.
117
00:09:49,498 --> 00:09:52,868
Military and civilian patrols
have secured the region,
118
00:09:52,956 --> 00:09:55,116
and Colonel General Pikalov,
119
00:09:55,206 --> 00:09:58,036
who commands troops specializing
in chemical hazards,
120
00:09:58,122 --> 00:10:00,162
has been dispatched
to the plant.
121
00:10:00,247 --> 00:10:02,787
In terms of radiation,
plant director Bryukhanov
122
00:10:02,873 --> 00:10:06,213
reports no more
than 3.6 roentgen.
123
00:10:06,289 --> 00:10:08,579
I'm told it's the equivalent
of a chest X-ray.
124
00:10:08,665 --> 00:10:11,745
So if you're overdue
for a check-up...
125
00:10:11,831 --> 00:10:14,541
-And foreign press?
-Totally unaware.
126
00:10:14,623 --> 00:10:17,253
KGB First Deputy Chairman
Charkov assures me
127
00:10:17,331 --> 00:10:20,411
that we have successfully
protected our security
interests.
128
00:10:20,498 --> 00:10:22,868
Gorbachev:
Good. Very good.
129
00:10:22,956 --> 00:10:25,536
Well, it seems like
it's well in hand, so...
130
00:10:26,706 --> 00:10:29,576
if there's nothing else,
meeting adjourned.
131
00:10:30,539 --> 00:10:32,369
-No!
-(pounds table)
132
00:10:34,039 --> 00:10:36,159
Pardon me?
133
00:10:36,247 --> 00:10:38,577
Uh, we can't adjourn.
134
00:10:38,665 --> 00:10:41,035
This is Professor Legasov
of the Kurchatov Institute.
135
00:10:41,122 --> 00:10:43,002
Professor, if you have
any concerns,
136
00:10:43,081 --> 00:10:45,081
feel free to address
them with me later.
137
00:10:45,164 --> 00:10:49,004
I can't. I am sorry.
I'm so sorry.
138
00:10:49,081 --> 00:10:52,121
Page three,
the section on casualties.
139
00:10:52,206 --> 00:10:53,326
Uh...
140
00:10:53,414 --> 00:10:56,254
"A fireman was severely
burned on his hand
141
00:10:56,331 --> 00:10:58,711
"by a chunk of smooth,
black mineral
142
00:10:58,790 --> 00:11:01,120
on the ground, outside
the reactor building."
143
00:11:01,206 --> 00:11:03,286
Smooth, black mineral--
graphite.
144
00:11:03,373 --> 00:11:06,083
There's-There's graphite
on the ground.
145
00:11:08,247 --> 00:11:11,327
Well, there was a...
a tank explosion.
There's debris.
146
00:11:11,414 --> 00:11:14,294
-Of what importance--?
-There's only one place
in the entire facility
147
00:11:14,373 --> 00:11:17,583
where you will find graphite:
inside the core.
148
00:11:17,665 --> 00:11:19,325
If there's graphite
on the ground outside,
149
00:11:19,414 --> 00:11:21,624
it means it wasn't
a control system tank
that exploded.
150
00:11:21,706 --> 00:11:24,206
It was the reactor core.
It's open! (inhales)
151
00:11:27,414 --> 00:11:30,004
Um, Comrade Shcherbina?
152
00:11:30,081 --> 00:11:32,251
Comrade General Secretary,
I can assure you
153
00:11:32,331 --> 00:11:34,041
that Professor Legasov
is mistaken.
154
00:11:34,122 --> 00:11:36,502
Bryukhanov reports that
the reactor core is intact.
155
00:11:36,581 --> 00:11:39,001
-And as for the radiation--
-Yes, 3.6 roentgen,
156
00:11:39,081 --> 00:11:41,751
which, by the way,
is not the equivalent
of one chest X-ray,
157
00:11:41,831 --> 00:11:44,081
but rather 400 chest X-rays.
158
00:11:44,164 --> 00:11:46,414
That number's been bothering me
for a different reason, though.
159
00:11:46,498 --> 00:11:50,458
It's also the maximum reading
on low-limit dosimeters.
160
00:11:50,539 --> 00:11:53,289
They gave us
the number they had.
161
00:11:53,373 --> 00:11:56,123
I think the true number
is much, much higher.
162
00:11:56,206 --> 00:11:58,916
If I'm right, this fireman
was holding the equivalent
163
00:11:58,997 --> 00:12:01,037
of four million
chest X-rays in his hand.
164
00:12:01,122 --> 00:12:03,502
Professor Legasov,
there's no place
for alarmist hysteria--
165
00:12:03,581 --> 00:12:05,541
It's not alarmist
if it's a fact!
166
00:12:05,623 --> 00:12:08,923
Well, I don't hear
any facts at all.
167
00:12:08,997 --> 00:12:11,537
All I hear is
a man I don't know
168
00:12:11,623 --> 00:12:14,713
engaging in conjecture
in direct contradiction
169
00:12:14,790 --> 00:12:16,920
to what has been reported
by party officials.
170
00:12:16,997 --> 00:12:20,367
I'm, uh...
I apologize.
171
00:12:20,456 --> 00:12:22,866
I didn't mean, uh...
172
00:12:22,956 --> 00:12:26,576
(clears throat)
Please, may I express my concern
173
00:12:26,665 --> 00:12:29,665
as calmly and as
respectfully as I--
174
00:12:29,748 --> 00:12:32,828
-Professor Legasov--
-Gorbachev: Boris.
175
00:12:33,873 --> 00:12:35,713
I will allow it.
176
00:12:44,748 --> 00:12:46,668
Legasov:
Um...
177
00:12:48,164 --> 00:12:50,964
An RBMK reactor
178
00:12:51,039 --> 00:12:55,249
uses uranium 235 as fuel.
179
00:12:55,331 --> 00:13:00,121
Every atom of U-235
is like a bullet
180
00:13:00,206 --> 00:13:02,326
traveling at nearly
the speed of light,
181
00:13:02,414 --> 00:13:04,924
penetrating everything
in its path:
182
00:13:04,997 --> 00:13:08,117
woods, metal, concrete, flesh.
183
00:13:08,206 --> 00:13:11,286
Every gram of U-235 holds
184
00:13:11,373 --> 00:13:14,253
over a billion trillion
of these bullets.
185
00:13:14,331 --> 00:13:15,791
That's in one gram.
186
00:13:15,873 --> 00:13:19,163
Now, Chernobyl holds
over three million grams,
187
00:13:19,247 --> 00:13:21,867
and right now, it is on fire.
188
00:13:21,956 --> 00:13:26,286
Winds will carry
radioactive particles
across the entire continent,
189
00:13:26,373 --> 00:13:28,293
rain will bring them down on us.
190
00:13:28,373 --> 00:13:31,463
That's three million
billion trillion bullets
191
00:13:31,539 --> 00:13:35,499
in the... in the air we breathe,
192
00:13:35,581 --> 00:13:38,831
the water we drink,
the food we eat.
193
00:13:40,498 --> 00:13:44,828
Most of these bullets
will not stop firing
for 100 years.
194
00:13:44,915 --> 00:13:48,205
Some of them,
not for 50,000 years.
195
00:13:48,289 --> 00:13:51,999
Yes, and, uh, this concern
196
00:13:52,081 --> 00:13:56,251
stems entirely from
the description of a rock?
197
00:14:00,539 --> 00:14:01,919
Yes.
198
00:14:04,247 --> 00:14:05,537
Hmm.
199
00:14:08,623 --> 00:14:10,413
Comrade Shcherbina...
200
00:14:11,456 --> 00:14:13,786
I want you to go to Chernobyl.
201
00:14:13,873 --> 00:14:16,003
You take a look
at the reactor,
you personally,
202
00:14:16,081 --> 00:14:17,921
and you report
directly back to me.
203
00:14:17,997 --> 00:14:20,207
A wise decision,
comrade General Secretary--
204
00:14:20,289 --> 00:14:22,869
Gorbachev:
And take Professor
Legasov with you.
205
00:14:23,748 --> 00:14:25,078
Shcherbina:
Uh... (chuckles)
206
00:14:25,164 --> 00:14:28,294
Forgive me, comrade
General Secretary, but I--
207
00:14:28,373 --> 00:14:30,753
Do you know how
a nuclear reactor works?
208
00:14:32,790 --> 00:14:34,160
-No.
-Gorbachev: No.
209
00:14:34,247 --> 00:14:37,367
Well, then how will you know
what you're looking at?
210
00:14:37,456 --> 00:14:39,496
Meeting adjourned.
211
00:14:53,289 --> 00:14:57,869
♪ ♪
212
00:14:57,956 --> 00:15:00,116
(helicopter blades whupping)
213
00:15:31,873 --> 00:15:34,003
♪ ♪
214
00:15:38,539 --> 00:15:40,119
How does a nuclear reactor work?
215
00:15:40,206 --> 00:15:43,156
-What?
-Shcherbina:
It's a simple question.
216
00:15:44,498 --> 00:15:46,328
It's hardly
a simple answer.
217
00:15:46,414 --> 00:15:50,334
Of course, you presume
I'm too stupid to understand.
218
00:15:50,414 --> 00:15:53,714
So I'll restate: Tell me
how a nuclear reactor works,
219
00:15:53,790 --> 00:15:56,670
or I'll have one of these
soldiers throw you out
of the helicopter.
220
00:16:06,790 --> 00:16:10,620
A nuclear reactor makes
electricity with steam.
221
00:16:10,706 --> 00:16:14,246
The steam turns a turbine
which generates electricity.
222
00:16:14,331 --> 00:16:16,291
Where a typical power plant
223
00:16:16,373 --> 00:16:18,253
makes steam by burning coal,
224
00:16:18,331 --> 00:16:20,671
a nuclear plant...
225
00:16:25,831 --> 00:16:30,411
In a nuclear plant, we use
something called fission.
226
00:16:30,498 --> 00:16:36,458
We take an unstable element
like uranium 235,
227
00:16:36,539 --> 00:16:38,499
which has too many neutrons.
228
00:16:38,581 --> 00:16:41,411
-A neutron is, uh--
-The bullet.
229
00:16:43,414 --> 00:16:45,214
Yes, the bullet.
230
00:16:46,039 --> 00:16:48,869
So, bullets are flying
off of the uranium.
231
00:16:48,956 --> 00:16:50,286
Now...
232
00:16:50,373 --> 00:16:55,213
if we put enough
uranium atoms close together,
233
00:16:55,289 --> 00:16:59,669
the bullets from one atom will
eventually strike another atom.
234
00:16:59,748 --> 00:17:02,828
The force of this impact
splits that atom apart,
235
00:17:02,915 --> 00:17:06,205
releasing a tremendous
amount of energy, fission.
236
00:17:06,289 --> 00:17:09,039
-And the graphite?
-Ah, yes.
237
00:17:09,122 --> 00:17:13,002
The neutrons are
actually traveling so fast--
we call this "flux"--
238
00:17:13,081 --> 00:17:17,871
it's relatively unlikely
that the uranium atoms
will ever hit one another.
239
00:17:17,956 --> 00:17:22,916
In RBMK reactors, we surround
the fuel rods with graphite
240
00:17:22,997 --> 00:17:27,997
to moderate, slow down,
the neutron flux.
241
00:17:31,456 --> 00:17:33,156
Good.
242
00:17:33,247 --> 00:17:36,287
I know how
a nuclear reactor works.
243
00:17:37,831 --> 00:17:40,291
Now I don't need you.
244
00:17:42,915 --> 00:17:45,075
(helicopter blades womping)
245
00:17:49,414 --> 00:17:52,294
(noisy chattering)
246
00:17:56,790 --> 00:17:58,580
(voices clamoring)
247
00:17:58,665 --> 00:18:02,245
-Can you help me?
I need to find my husband.
-No. Not now.
248
00:18:06,206 --> 00:18:07,706
-Mikhail!
-Lyudmilla.
249
00:18:07,790 --> 00:18:09,370
-(infant screaming)
-Take her.
250
00:18:09,456 --> 00:18:11,286
Take her away
from here, please.
251
00:18:11,373 --> 00:18:14,003
-Get away from them!
You want to get sick? Go!
-Mikhail: Oh my God.
252
00:18:14,081 --> 00:18:15,411
Please take her,
please take her.
253
00:18:15,498 --> 00:18:17,248
-(infant screaming)
-Please take her, please.
254
00:18:17,331 --> 00:18:19,711
Please! Please!
255
00:18:19,790 --> 00:18:21,500
Please take her!
256
00:18:26,831 --> 00:18:29,541
Excuse me, I am
Vasily Ignatenko's wife.
257
00:18:29,623 --> 00:18:32,923
He's a fireman.
Ignatenko.
258
00:18:32,997 --> 00:18:36,497
Ignatenko, Sixth Paramilitary
Fire and Rescue Unit.
259
00:18:36,581 --> 00:18:39,501
I need to find him. Please.
260
00:18:42,623 --> 00:18:44,213
Major Burov:
Ignatenko...
261
00:18:44,289 --> 00:18:46,789
He's being transported
by helicopter to Moscow.
262
00:18:46,873 --> 00:18:48,673
Hospital number six.
263
00:18:48,748 --> 00:18:50,868
Why, is he all right?
Can I see him?
264
00:18:50,956 --> 00:18:52,456
You want to see him?
Go to Moscow.
265
00:18:52,539 --> 00:18:54,829
But they're not
letting us leave here.
266
00:18:57,373 --> 00:18:59,673
Tell them Major Burov
allows it.
267
00:19:01,206 --> 00:19:04,206
-Oh. When are
they taking him?
-Now.
268
00:19:06,706 --> 00:19:09,666
(helicopter blades whupping)
269
00:19:29,790 --> 00:19:31,920
♪ ♪
270
00:19:34,997 --> 00:19:37,037
Pilot:
We're approaching
the power plant.
271
00:19:42,915 --> 00:19:44,865
Legasov (mutters):
What have they done?
272
00:19:45,956 --> 00:19:47,996
Can you see inside?
273
00:19:48,081 --> 00:19:50,921
I don't have to. Look.
274
00:19:50,997 --> 00:19:52,917
That's graphite
on the roof.
275
00:19:52,997 --> 00:19:55,327
The whole building's
been blown open.
276
00:19:55,414 --> 00:19:56,674
The core's exposed!
277
00:19:56,748 --> 00:19:58,668
I can't see how you can
tell that from here.
278
00:19:58,748 --> 00:20:00,158
Oh, for God's sakes.
279
00:20:00,247 --> 00:20:01,667
Look at that glow!
280
00:20:01,748 --> 00:20:04,408
That's radiation
ionizing the air!
281
00:20:04,498 --> 00:20:06,118
Well, if we can't see,
we don't know.
282
00:20:06,206 --> 00:20:07,826
Get us directly
over the building!
283
00:20:07,956 --> 00:20:09,536
-Boris, if we fly...
-Don't you use my name!
284
00:20:09,623 --> 00:20:11,923
...directly over
an open reactor,
we'll be dead within a week!
285
00:20:11,997 --> 00:20:13,457
Dead!
286
00:20:14,414 --> 00:20:15,624
Pilot:
Sir?
287
00:20:15,706 --> 00:20:18,786
Get us over that building,
or I'll have you shot!
288
00:20:19,456 --> 00:20:21,616
(indistinct radio transmission)
289
00:20:22,456 --> 00:20:24,496
If you fly directly over
that core, I promise you,
290
00:20:24,581 --> 00:20:27,331
by tomorrow morning,
you'll be begging
for that bullet.
291
00:20:34,331 --> 00:20:35,921
(grunts)
292
00:21:11,289 --> 00:21:14,789
(muffled chatter, laughter)
293
00:21:15,331 --> 00:21:17,541
Perhaps if you came
back another day.
294
00:21:22,539 --> 00:21:24,919
Just wonderful.
295
00:21:24,997 --> 00:21:27,407
Khomyuk:
Deputy Secretary Garanin.
296
00:21:27,498 --> 00:21:31,668
Ulana Khomyuk
of the Byelorussian
Institute for Nuclear Energy.
297
00:21:31,748 --> 00:21:33,078
What a pleasure.
298
00:21:33,164 --> 00:21:36,044
-Let me introduce--
-I'm here about Chernobyl.
299
00:21:38,039 --> 00:21:39,459
Such a lovely time.
300
00:21:39,539 --> 00:21:42,869
-Visit again soon.
-Chulkov: I will. Thank you.
301
00:21:55,039 --> 00:21:57,999
Garanin:
I must tell you, this is
why no one likes scientists.
302
00:21:58,081 --> 00:22:00,831
When we have a disease
to cure, where are they?
303
00:22:00,915 --> 00:22:04,615
In a lab, noses in their books,
and so Grandma dies.
304
00:22:04,706 --> 00:22:05,996
But when there isn't
a problem,
305
00:22:06,081 --> 00:22:07,541
they're everywhere,
spreading fear.
306
00:22:07,623 --> 00:22:10,003
-I know about Chernobyl.
-Oh?
307
00:22:10,081 --> 00:22:12,961
I know that the core is either
partially or completely exposed.
308
00:22:13,039 --> 00:22:15,459
-Whatever that means.
-And that if you
don't immediately
309
00:22:15,539 --> 00:22:18,289
issue iodine tablets
and then evacuate this city,
310
00:22:18,373 --> 00:22:21,003
hundreds of thousands of people
are going to get cancer,
311
00:22:21,081 --> 00:22:23,411
and God knows
how many more will die.
312
00:22:23,498 --> 00:22:25,208
Yes, very good.
313
00:22:25,289 --> 00:22:27,329
There has been
an accident at Chernobyl,
314
00:22:27,414 --> 00:22:29,544
but I've been assured
there is no problem.
315
00:22:29,623 --> 00:22:31,543
I'm telling you
that there is.
316
00:22:31,623 --> 00:22:33,583
I prefer my opinion to yours.
317
00:22:33,665 --> 00:22:36,955
I'm a nuclear physicist.
318
00:22:37,039 --> 00:22:38,619
Before you were
Deputy Secretary,
319
00:22:38,706 --> 00:22:40,366
you worked
in a shoe factory.
320
00:22:41,498 --> 00:22:45,078
Yes, I worked
in a shoe factory.
321
00:22:46,122 --> 00:22:48,252
And now I'm in charge.
322
00:22:50,414 --> 00:22:53,254
"To the workers of the world."
323
00:23:14,956 --> 00:23:17,496
Stable iodine will keep
your thyroid
324
00:23:17,581 --> 00:23:19,961
from absorbing
radioactive iodine.
325
00:23:21,122 --> 00:23:23,922
Take one a day
for as long as they last.
326
00:23:23,997 --> 00:23:25,707
And go east.
327
00:23:25,790 --> 00:23:28,250
Get as far from Minsk
as you can.
328
00:24:01,831 --> 00:24:03,501
Fomin:
It's overkill.
329
00:24:03,581 --> 00:24:05,501
Pikalov's showing off
to make us look bad.
330
00:24:05,581 --> 00:24:08,621
Bryukhanov:
It doesn't matter
how it looks.
331
00:24:08,706 --> 00:24:10,996
Shcherbina is
a pure bureaucrat,
332
00:24:11,081 --> 00:24:13,081
as stupid as
he is pigheaded.
333
00:24:13,164 --> 00:24:15,504
We'll tell him the truth in
the simplest terms possible.
334
00:24:15,581 --> 00:24:17,291
We'll be fine.
335
00:24:20,831 --> 00:24:22,371
Pikarov!
336
00:24:47,706 --> 00:24:50,576
Comrade Shcherbina,
Chief Engineer Fomin,
337
00:24:50,665 --> 00:24:52,615
Colonel General Pikalov, and I
338
00:24:52,706 --> 00:24:53,956
are honored
at your arrival.
339
00:24:54,039 --> 00:24:55,289
Deeply, deeply honored.
340
00:24:55,373 --> 00:24:58,333
Naturally, we regret
the circumstances of your visit,
341
00:24:58,414 --> 00:25:00,584
but, as you can see, we are
making excellent progress
342
00:25:00,665 --> 00:25:02,205
in containing the damage.
343
00:25:02,289 --> 00:25:07,459
We have begun our own inquiry
into the cause of the accident,
344
00:25:07,539 --> 00:25:10,539
and I have a list of individuals
345
00:25:10,623 --> 00:25:13,413
who we believe are accountable.
346
00:25:35,456 --> 00:25:36,956
Bryukhanov:
Professor Legasov,
I understand
347
00:25:37,039 --> 00:25:39,369
you've been saying
dangerous things.
348
00:25:39,456 --> 00:25:41,246
Fomin:
Very dangerous things.
349
00:25:41,331 --> 00:25:43,671
Apparently,
our reactor core exploded.
350
00:25:44,331 --> 00:25:48,581
Please, tell me how an RBMK
reactor core explodes.
351
00:25:50,456 --> 00:25:52,786
I'm not prepared to explain it
at this time.
352
00:25:52,873 --> 00:25:55,753
As I presumed,
he has no answer.
353
00:25:55,831 --> 00:25:58,331
It's disgraceful, really.
354
00:25:58,414 --> 00:26:01,924
To spread disinformation
at a time like this.
355
00:26:07,956 --> 00:26:10,666
Why did I see graphite
on the roof?
356
00:26:10,748 --> 00:26:12,868
Graphite is only
found in the core,
357
00:26:12,956 --> 00:26:16,406
where it's used as
a neutron flux moderator.
358
00:26:16,498 --> 00:26:17,918
Correct?
359
00:26:18,873 --> 00:26:22,333
Fomin, why did
the Deputy Chairman
see graphite on the roof?
360
00:26:23,581 --> 00:26:25,371
Well, that... that can't be.
361
00:26:26,247 --> 00:26:28,917
Comrade Shcherbina,
my apologies, but graphite...
362
00:26:28,997 --> 00:26:30,207
that's not possible.
363
00:26:30,289 --> 00:26:32,539
Perhaps you saw
burnt concrete.
364
00:26:32,623 --> 00:26:34,413
Now there you made a mistake,
365
00:26:34,498 --> 00:26:37,118
because I may not know much
about nuclear reactors,
366
00:26:37,206 --> 00:26:38,826
but I know a lot
about concrete.
367
00:26:39,665 --> 00:26:42,155
-Comrade, I assure you--
-I understand.
368
00:26:42,997 --> 00:26:45,617
You think Legasov is wrong.
369
00:26:45,706 --> 00:26:47,666
How shall we prove it?
370
00:26:48,956 --> 00:26:52,206
Our high-range dosimeter
just arrived.
371
00:26:52,289 --> 00:26:55,249
We could cover one of our
trucks with lead shielding,
372
00:26:55,331 --> 00:26:57,671
mount the dosimeter
on the front.
373
00:27:03,456 --> 00:27:06,666
Have one of your men
get as close to the fire
as he can.
374
00:27:06,748 --> 00:27:08,408
Give him every bit
of protection you have.
375
00:27:08,498 --> 00:27:10,788
But understand that
even with lead shielding,
376
00:27:10,873 --> 00:27:12,873
it may not be enough.
377
00:27:14,706 --> 00:27:16,576
Then I'll do it myself.
378
00:27:21,247 --> 00:27:23,207
Good.
379
00:27:27,748 --> 00:27:30,408
♪ ♪
380
00:28:00,122 --> 00:28:02,212
(tires screech)
381
00:28:05,122 --> 00:28:07,412
(engine revving)
382
00:28:26,706 --> 00:28:28,826
(chains shattering)
383
00:28:47,915 --> 00:28:49,955
♪ ♪
384
00:28:55,414 --> 00:28:57,464
♪ ♪
385
00:29:20,997 --> 00:29:22,827
He's back.
386
00:29:51,748 --> 00:29:53,958
It's not three roentgen.
387
00:29:54,039 --> 00:29:55,789
It's 15,000.
388
00:29:55,873 --> 00:29:58,543
Bryukhanov:
Comrade Shcherbina--
389
00:29:58,623 --> 00:30:00,083
What does that number mean?
390
00:30:00,164 --> 00:30:02,334
It means the core is open.
391
00:30:02,414 --> 00:30:04,874
It means the fire we're
watching with our own eyes
392
00:30:04,956 --> 00:30:06,456
is giving off nearly
twice the radiation
393
00:30:06,539 --> 00:30:08,369
released by the bomb
in Hiroshima.
394
00:30:08,456 --> 00:30:10,246
And that's every
single hour.
395
00:30:10,331 --> 00:30:13,411
Hour after hour, 20 hours
since the explosion,
396
00:30:13,498 --> 00:30:14,958
so 40 bombs worth by now.
397
00:30:15,039 --> 00:30:16,369
Forty-eight more tomorrow.
398
00:30:16,456 --> 00:30:19,286
And it will not stop.
Not in a week, not in a month.
399
00:30:19,373 --> 00:30:20,873
It will burn
and spread its poison
400
00:30:20,956 --> 00:30:23,666
until the entire
continent is dead.
401
00:30:26,790 --> 00:30:29,040
Please escort Comrades
Bryukhanov and Fomin
402
00:30:29,122 --> 00:30:31,462
to the local
party headquarters.
403
00:30:31,539 --> 00:30:33,079
-Thank you
for your service.
-Comrade--
404
00:30:33,164 --> 00:30:34,544
You're excused.
405
00:30:35,581 --> 00:30:37,371
Dyatlov was in charge.
406
00:30:38,247 --> 00:30:40,117
It was Dyatlov!
407
00:30:40,206 --> 00:30:42,826
-Tell me how to put it out.
-We'll use helicopters.
408
00:30:42,915 --> 00:30:45,665
-We'll drop water on it
like a forest fire.
-No, no. You don't understand.
409
00:30:45,748 --> 00:30:48,038
This isn't a fire.
410
00:30:48,122 --> 00:30:49,962
This is a fissioning
reactor core
411
00:30:50,039 --> 00:30:52,329
burning at over
2,000 degrees.
412
00:30:52,414 --> 00:30:54,004
The heat will instantly
vaporize the water--
413
00:30:54,081 --> 00:30:57,251
-How do we put it out?
-(sighs)
414
00:30:58,456 --> 00:31:00,406
You are dealing
with something
415
00:31:00,498 --> 00:31:04,958
that has never occurred
on this planet before.
416
00:31:06,915 --> 00:31:08,455
Boron.
417
00:31:09,831 --> 00:31:11,831
Boron and sand.
418
00:31:11,915 --> 00:31:14,535
Well, that'll create
problems of its own,
419
00:31:14,623 --> 00:31:16,713
but I-I don't see
any other way.
420
00:31:16,790 --> 00:31:18,870
Of course, it's going to take
thousands of drops,
421
00:31:18,956 --> 00:31:21,536
because you can't fly
the helicopters directly
over the core,
422
00:31:21,623 --> 00:31:23,003
so most of it
is going to miss.
423
00:31:23,081 --> 00:31:25,211
-How much sand and boron?
-(scoffs) Well, I can't be--
424
00:31:25,289 --> 00:31:29,209
-For God's sake, roughly!
-Five thousand tons.
425
00:31:29,289 --> 00:31:32,159
And obviously,
we're going to need
to evacuate an enormous area--
426
00:31:32,247 --> 00:31:34,157
Never mind that.
Focus on the fire.
427
00:31:34,247 --> 00:31:36,997
I am focusing
on the fire.
428
00:31:37,081 --> 00:31:41,211
The wind, it's carrying
all that smoke,
429
00:31:41,289 --> 00:31:43,039
all that radiation.
430
00:31:43,122 --> 00:31:46,122
At least evacuate Pripyat.
It's three kilometers away.
431
00:31:46,206 --> 00:31:48,116
-That's my decision to make.
-Then make it.
432
00:31:48,206 --> 00:31:50,866
-I've been told not to.
-Is it or is not--
433
00:31:50,956 --> 00:31:52,746
I'm in charge here!
434
00:31:52,831 --> 00:31:54,501
This will go much easier
if you talk to me
435
00:31:54,581 --> 00:31:55,831
about the things
you do understand
436
00:31:55,915 --> 00:31:58,665
and not about the things
you do not understand.
437
00:32:02,414 --> 00:32:03,924
Where are you going?
438
00:32:03,997 --> 00:32:07,827
Shcherbina:
I'm going to get you
5,000 tons of sand and boron.
439
00:32:15,706 --> 00:32:17,826
There's a hotel.
440
00:32:20,498 --> 00:32:22,998
♪ ♪
441
00:32:44,081 --> 00:32:46,211
(phone ringing)
442
00:33:01,581 --> 00:33:03,581
(music playing over speakers)
443
00:33:10,373 --> 00:33:12,833
(woman chattering
indistinctly)
444
00:33:13,623 --> 00:33:15,713
I'd prefer one of those.
445
00:33:23,748 --> 00:33:25,578
Woman:
Superstitious?
446
00:33:34,414 --> 00:33:36,254
Moscow?
447
00:33:39,706 --> 00:33:42,076
Are you here
because of the fire?
448
00:33:46,373 --> 00:33:48,923
Anything we should
be worried about?
449
00:33:52,915 --> 00:33:54,285
(sighs)
450
00:33:54,373 --> 00:33:55,963
No.
451
00:34:02,915 --> 00:34:04,285
(glass taps bar twice)
452
00:34:06,456 --> 00:34:07,956
Ah.
453
00:34:20,956 --> 00:34:23,786
(wind blowing)
454
00:34:37,164 --> 00:34:40,414
(trees rustling)
455
00:34:44,665 --> 00:34:46,995
(helicopters whupping)
456
00:34:54,039 --> 00:34:56,209
(indistinct radio transmissions)
457
00:35:00,373 --> 00:35:03,043
Pilot (over radio):
We're in position.
Approaching drop.
458
00:35:04,164 --> 00:35:06,294
Stasiuk: (over radio):
Clear to proceed.
459
00:35:07,665 --> 00:35:10,865
Pilot:
Copy. We'll go
one by one in rotation.
460
00:35:16,039 --> 00:35:18,159
Remind them about the perimeter.
461
00:35:21,665 --> 00:35:23,825
They cannot fly directly
over the fire.
462
00:35:23,915 --> 00:35:26,115
A minimum of
a ten-meter perimeter.
463
00:35:26,206 --> 00:35:27,616
Pilot:
Ten meter perimeter. Copy.
464
00:35:27,706 --> 00:35:29,246
Lead One, per pre-flight:
465
00:35:29,331 --> 00:35:32,041
maintain minimum
ten-meter perimeter.
466
00:35:32,122 --> 00:35:33,212
Lead One:
Copy that.
467
00:35:33,289 --> 00:35:35,959
Forty meters... 35...
468
00:35:36,039 --> 00:35:37,289
30...
469
00:35:37,373 --> 00:35:39,543
(radio static crackling)
470
00:35:40,915 --> 00:35:43,115
No, no, no!
They're too close!
471
00:35:43,206 --> 00:35:44,996
They can't get over the fire.
How are they supposed--
472
00:35:45,081 --> 00:35:46,961
The wind will have to carry it.
473
00:35:47,039 --> 00:35:49,919
Tell them, they cannot
go over the core.
474
00:35:52,331 --> 00:35:53,581
Stasiuk:
Lead One is too close.
475
00:35:53,665 --> 00:35:55,535
I repeat,
they are too close.
476
00:35:56,206 --> 00:35:58,036
Pilot:
Copy.
477
00:35:58,122 --> 00:36:00,962
Lead One, you are
inside the perimeter.
478
00:36:01,039 --> 00:36:04,159
Lead One:
Did not copy.
Signal's breaking up.
479
00:36:04,247 --> 00:36:06,577
(radio static crackling)
480
00:36:06,665 --> 00:36:09,075
Pilot:
Lead One?
481
00:36:09,164 --> 00:36:10,754
Do you copy?
482
00:36:10,831 --> 00:36:12,751
Lead One, do you copy?
483
00:36:12,831 --> 00:36:14,961
Lead One, come in.
484
00:36:15,039 --> 00:36:16,829
Do you copy, Lead One?
485
00:36:16,915 --> 00:36:18,615
Lead One!
486
00:36:20,164 --> 00:36:22,754
(helicopter engine whines)
487
00:36:24,081 --> 00:36:26,121
♪ ♪
488
00:36:30,247 --> 00:36:32,367
♪ ♪
489
00:36:36,456 --> 00:36:39,116
Stasiuk:
Sir? What do
I tell the others?
490
00:36:41,456 --> 00:36:43,326
Is there any other way, Legasov?
491
00:36:43,414 --> 00:36:46,834
(distant helicopters thrumming)
492
00:36:46,915 --> 00:36:48,955
♪ ♪
493
00:36:51,956 --> 00:36:53,826
Send the next one in.
494
00:36:55,247 --> 00:36:57,287
Tell them to approach
from the west.
495
00:36:58,373 --> 00:37:01,503
Stasiuk:
Lead Two, approach
from the west.
496
00:37:11,665 --> 00:37:13,785
♪ ♪
497
00:37:20,081 --> 00:37:22,211
(phone ringing)
498
00:37:22,289 --> 00:37:24,919
Marina:
Kurchatov Institute
Laboratory Four.
499
00:37:24,997 --> 00:37:29,457
(over phone):
Marina Gruzinskaya,
it's Ulana Khomyuk from Minsk.
500
00:37:31,665 --> 00:37:34,245
Oh, yes, how nice
of you to phone.
501
00:37:34,331 --> 00:37:36,251
-It's been too long.
- It has.
502
00:37:36,331 --> 00:37:38,921
I was actually calling
about our friend.
503
00:37:38,997 --> 00:37:41,247
-You know,
the one in the country.
- Oh, yes, of course.
504
00:37:41,331 --> 00:37:45,081
I wanted to see how he's doing.
It's so hot there right now.
505
00:37:45,164 --> 00:37:47,584
Yes, it's extremely hot,
506
00:37:47,665 --> 00:37:48,995
but his nephews are flying down,
507
00:37:49,081 --> 00:37:51,081
and they always
bring cool weather.
508
00:37:51,164 --> 00:37:52,794
Oh? Which nephews?
509
00:37:53,539 --> 00:37:57,579
Simka, who's 14,
and little Boris, who's five.
510
00:37:57,665 --> 00:37:58,865
Well, that's wonderful.
511
00:37:58,956 --> 00:38:00,746
Though children can
make you even hotter
512
00:38:00,831 --> 00:38:02,581
when they're crawling
all over you.
513
00:38:02,665 --> 00:38:04,075
Maybe I should visit them.
514
00:38:04,164 --> 00:38:05,964
No, they don't want visitors.
515
00:38:06,039 --> 00:38:08,329
I'm sorry, um,
I have to get back to work.
516
00:38:08,414 --> 00:38:10,834
It's very busy right now.
Goodbye.
517
00:38:13,665 --> 00:38:16,205
They're dropping sand
and boron on the fire.
518
00:38:17,206 --> 00:38:18,746
It's what I would do.
519
00:38:20,539 --> 00:38:22,249
Yes, I'm sure it is.
520
00:38:44,539 --> 00:38:46,209
Dmitri:
Where are you going?
521
00:38:47,247 --> 00:38:48,707
Chernobyl.
522
00:38:53,498 --> 00:38:56,158
(door opens, closes)
523
00:38:56,247 --> 00:38:59,037
It's been smooth.
Twenty drops.
524
00:38:59,122 --> 00:39:01,292
(distant helicopters thrumming)
525
00:39:05,081 --> 00:39:06,541
What?
526
00:39:09,373 --> 00:39:12,413
There are 50,000 people
in this city.
527
00:39:12,498 --> 00:39:17,118
(sighs)
Professor Ilyin,
who's also on the commission,
528
00:39:17,206 --> 00:39:20,076
says the radiation isn't
high enough to evacuate.
529
00:39:20,164 --> 00:39:21,834
Ilyin isn't a physicist.
530
00:39:21,915 --> 00:39:24,915
Well, he's a medical doctor.
If he says it's safe, it's safe.
531
00:39:24,997 --> 00:39:27,457
-Not if they stay here.
-We're staying here.
532
00:39:27,539 --> 00:39:31,959
Yes, we are, and we'll be dead
in five years.
533
00:39:32,039 --> 00:39:34,289
(distant helicopters thrumming)
534
00:39:39,915 --> 00:39:42,365
I'm sorry, I...
535
00:39:42,456 --> 00:39:43,996
I'm sorry.
536
00:40:05,039 --> 00:40:06,959
(phone rings)
537
00:40:10,331 --> 00:40:12,461
(phone rings)
538
00:40:15,623 --> 00:40:18,003
(phone rings)
539
00:40:20,997 --> 00:40:22,327
(phone rings)
540
00:40:22,414 --> 00:40:23,714
Shcherbina.
541
00:40:24,456 --> 00:40:26,616
(distant helicopters thrumming)
542
00:40:29,039 --> 00:40:31,289
(man speaking indistinctly
over phone)
543
00:40:35,164 --> 00:40:36,504
Thank you.
544
00:40:42,665 --> 00:40:46,535
A nuclear plant in Sweden
has detected radiation
545
00:40:46,623 --> 00:40:49,713
and identified it
as a byproduct of our fuel.
546
00:40:50,831 --> 00:40:53,501
The Americans took
satellite photos.
547
00:40:54,456 --> 00:40:57,746
The reactor building,
the smoke, the fire.
548
00:40:57,831 --> 00:40:59,371
(sighs)
549
00:41:00,456 --> 00:41:02,366
Shcherbina:
The whole world knows.
550
00:41:08,956 --> 00:41:11,536
The wind has been blowing
toward Germany.
551
00:41:12,956 --> 00:41:15,536
They're not letting
children play outside...
552
00:41:17,414 --> 00:41:19,004
in Frankfurt.
553
00:41:21,373 --> 00:41:23,543
(boys chattering outside)
554
00:41:30,623 --> 00:41:32,503
Want a smoke?
555
00:41:47,915 --> 00:41:50,495
Peter Jennings:
There has been a nuclear
accident in the Soviet Union
556
00:41:50,581 --> 00:41:52,331
and the Soviets have
admitted that it happened.
557
00:41:52,414 --> 00:41:53,964
The Soviet version is this:
558
00:41:54,039 --> 00:41:55,459
One of the atomic reactors
559
00:41:55,539 --> 00:41:58,119
at the Chernobyl Atomic Power
Plant near the city of Kiev
560
00:41:58,206 --> 00:42:00,786
was damaged, and there is
speculation in Moscow
561
00:42:00,873 --> 00:42:03,083
that people were injured
and may have died.
562
00:42:03,164 --> 00:42:06,294
The Soviets may have been
fairly quick to acknowledge
the accident
563
00:42:06,373 --> 00:42:09,673
because evidence in the form
of mild nuclear radiation
564
00:42:09,748 --> 00:42:13,788
had already reached
beyond the Soviet borders
to Scandinavia.
565
00:42:46,748 --> 00:42:52,158
(woman announcing
over loudspeaker,
in foreign language)
566
00:42:54,790 --> 00:42:56,960
(announcement continuing)
567
00:43:09,997 --> 00:43:12,457
(announcement continuing)
568
00:43:13,164 --> 00:43:15,214
(alarms blaring)
569
00:43:21,331 --> 00:43:23,501
(announcement continuing)
570
00:43:26,206 --> 00:43:28,326
♪ ♪
571
00:43:44,706 --> 00:43:47,536
(announcement continuing)
572
00:44:01,665 --> 00:44:03,995
♪ ♪
573
00:44:06,539 --> 00:44:08,709
(announcement continuing)
574
00:44:13,539 --> 00:44:15,669
♪ ♪
575
00:44:19,373 --> 00:44:21,503
(girl crying)
576
00:44:22,498 --> 00:44:24,868
(announcement continuing)
577
00:44:36,247 --> 00:44:38,367
♪ ♪
578
00:44:55,247 --> 00:44:58,457
(announcement continuing)
579
00:44:58,539 --> 00:45:00,579
♪ ♪
580
00:45:15,498 --> 00:45:18,618
♪ ♪
581
00:45:25,706 --> 00:45:28,326
(siren wailing)
582
00:45:30,331 --> 00:45:32,461
(announcement continuing)
583
00:45:47,790 --> 00:45:52,000
(announcement continuing)
584
00:45:55,039 --> 00:45:57,159
(announcement fading)
585
00:46:03,289 --> 00:46:05,329
♪ ♪
586
00:46:12,331 --> 00:46:14,501
(distant helicopters thrumming)
587
00:46:28,414 --> 00:46:30,834
I said turn around.
This is a restricted zone.
588
00:46:30,915 --> 00:46:35,285
-I'm from the Byelorussian
Institute for Nuclear Energy.
-Do you have permission?
589
00:46:35,373 --> 00:46:37,623
Listen to me, I need to speak
to someone urgently.
590
00:46:37,706 --> 00:46:40,076
Turn around right now,
or I'll arrest you.
591
00:46:40,164 --> 00:46:41,924
If you arrest me,
you should take me
592
00:46:41,997 --> 00:46:44,207
to the highest
possible authority.
593
00:46:48,706 --> 00:46:51,246
Legasov:
We have to start
a radiological survey.
594
00:46:51,331 --> 00:46:55,541
Sector by sector, on foot,
dosimeters in hand.
595
00:46:57,164 --> 00:46:58,924
Are you all right?
596
00:47:01,539 --> 00:47:02,869
Of course.
597
00:47:04,081 --> 00:47:05,411
Comrades--
598
00:47:05,498 --> 00:47:08,118
The guards arrested this woman
at the south checkpoint.
599
00:47:08,206 --> 00:47:12,456
-I'd have put her in a cell--
-But he thought you should
know that I know.
600
00:47:12,539 --> 00:47:14,329
I know that your reactor
core is exposed.
601
00:47:14,414 --> 00:47:17,334
I know the graphite is on fire,
the fuel is melting,
602
00:47:17,414 --> 00:47:19,334
and you're dropping sand
and boron on it,
603
00:47:19,414 --> 00:47:22,674
which you probably thought was
smart, but you've made a
mistake.
604
00:47:22,748 --> 00:47:25,828
Ulana Yuriyvna Khomyuk,
Chief Physicist,
605
00:47:25,915 --> 00:47:28,205
Byelorussian Institute
for Nuclear Energy.
606
00:47:28,289 --> 00:47:31,539
And you are Valery
Alexeyevich Legasov?
607
00:47:31,623 --> 00:47:34,163
Smothering the core
will put the fire out,
608
00:47:34,247 --> 00:47:37,037
but the temperature will
eventually increase--
609
00:47:37,122 --> 00:47:38,672
Legasov:
Believe me,
I'm perfectly aware.
610
00:47:38,748 --> 00:47:40,788
But I estimate
at least a month
611
00:47:40,873 --> 00:47:42,793
before it melts through
the lower concrete pad,
612
00:47:42,873 --> 00:47:44,793
-which gives us time--
-No, you don't have a month.
613
00:47:44,873 --> 00:47:46,583
You have approximately two days.
614
00:47:47,498 --> 00:47:50,708
Yes, the fuel would
take a month
615
00:47:50,790 --> 00:47:52,830
to reach the concrete pad here.
616
00:47:52,915 --> 00:47:56,405
But first...
it's going to burn through
617
00:47:56,498 --> 00:47:58,868
the biological shield here
by Tuesday.
618
00:47:58,956 --> 00:48:01,956
And when it does,
it's going to hit these tanks--
619
00:48:02,039 --> 00:48:03,329
bubbler pools, reservoirs--
620
00:48:03,414 --> 00:48:06,584
Reservoirs for the ECS.
I understand your concern,
621
00:48:06,665 --> 00:48:08,575
but I confirmed it
with plant personnel.
622
00:48:08,665 --> 00:48:12,245
-The tanks are nearly empty.
-No, they were nearly empty.
623
00:48:12,331 --> 00:48:15,791
Each of these points
here, here, and here
624
00:48:15,873 --> 00:48:17,873
all drain
to the bubbler pools.
625
00:48:17,956 --> 00:48:20,496
I'm guessing that every pipe
in the building ruptured.
626
00:48:20,581 --> 00:48:23,541
And then there are
those fire engines
that I saw on the way in.
627
00:48:23,623 --> 00:48:25,753
The fire hoses
are still connected.
628
00:48:25,831 --> 00:48:28,871
They've been gushing
water into the structure
this whole time.
629
00:48:28,956 --> 00:48:30,916
The tanks are full.
630
00:48:32,915 --> 00:48:35,455
The tanks are full.
631
00:48:37,997 --> 00:48:40,207
(speaking foreign language)
632
00:49:04,414 --> 00:49:05,674
(door opens)
633
00:49:14,456 --> 00:49:18,746
I have ten minutes,
then I'm back on the phone
634
00:49:18,831 --> 00:49:21,751
apologizing to our friends,
635
00:49:21,831 --> 00:49:25,001
apologizing to our enemies.
636
00:49:25,081 --> 00:49:28,411
Our power comes from
the perception of our power.
637
00:49:28,498 --> 00:49:32,118
Do you understand
the damage this has done?
638
00:49:32,206 --> 00:49:35,406
Do you understand
what's at stake?
639
00:49:37,039 --> 00:49:38,369
Boris.
640
00:49:40,456 --> 00:49:44,866
Professor Legasov
will deliver our briefing.
641
00:49:46,539 --> 00:49:48,039
There is some good news.
642
00:49:48,122 --> 00:49:50,792
The air drops are working
to douse the fire.
643
00:49:50,873 --> 00:49:54,623
There's been a reduction
in radionuclide emissions,
644
00:49:54,706 --> 00:49:56,536
but the fire will not
be extinguished
645
00:49:56,623 --> 00:49:59,503
for at least
another two weeks.
646
00:50:01,414 --> 00:50:04,414
There is also
an additional problem.
647
00:50:05,956 --> 00:50:07,706
Nuclear fuel doesn't turn cold
648
00:50:07,790 --> 00:50:10,460
simply because
it is not on fire.
649
00:50:10,539 --> 00:50:12,159
In fact, the temperature
will likely rise
650
00:50:12,247 --> 00:50:14,957
as a result of the blanket
of sand we've dropped.
651
00:50:15,039 --> 00:50:17,829
The uranium will melt the sand,
652
00:50:17,915 --> 00:50:19,615
creating a kind of lava
653
00:50:19,706 --> 00:50:22,996
which will begin to melt down
through the shield below.
654
00:50:23,081 --> 00:50:24,621
You have made lava?
655
00:50:27,289 --> 00:50:29,409
I anticipated this.
656
00:50:30,915 --> 00:50:33,205
I believed there was
time to reinforce
657
00:50:33,289 --> 00:50:35,329
this lower concrete pad
658
00:50:35,414 --> 00:50:36,874
before the lava
reached the earth
659
00:50:36,956 --> 00:50:38,496
and contaminated
the groundwater.
660
00:50:38,581 --> 00:50:41,671
But as it turned out, I was
worried about the wrong thing.
661
00:50:41,748 --> 00:50:43,618
Uh, um...
662
00:50:43,706 --> 00:50:47,286
It was my understanding
that these large water tanks
663
00:50:47,373 --> 00:50:49,963
under the reactor were
essentially empty.
664
00:50:50,039 --> 00:50:53,119
This is Ulana Khomyuk
of the Byelorussian Institute.
665
00:50:53,206 --> 00:50:55,496
Thanks to her insight,
we are now aware
666
00:50:55,581 --> 00:50:58,871
that the tanks are,
in fact, full.
667
00:50:58,956 --> 00:51:02,826
Of water. Why is that
a problem, professor?
668
00:51:04,039 --> 00:51:05,499
(clears throat)
669
00:51:07,122 --> 00:51:08,792
When the lava
enters these tanks,
670
00:51:08,873 --> 00:51:11,213
it will instantly
superheat and vaporize
671
00:51:11,289 --> 00:51:14,959
approximately 7,000
cubic meters of water,
672
00:51:15,039 --> 00:51:18,539
causing a significant
thermal explosion.
673
00:51:18,623 --> 00:51:20,583
How significant?
674
00:51:20,665 --> 00:51:24,535
We estimate between
two and four megatons.
675
00:51:24,623 --> 00:51:27,923
Everything within
a 30-kilometer radius
676
00:51:27,997 --> 00:51:29,667
will be completely destroyed,
677
00:51:29,748 --> 00:51:33,078
including the three remaining
reactors at Chernobyl.
678
00:51:33,164 --> 00:51:36,674
The entirety of the radioactive
material in all of the cores
679
00:51:36,748 --> 00:51:39,828
will be ejected at force
680
00:51:39,915 --> 00:51:42,955
and dispersed by
a massive shock wave,
681
00:51:43,039 --> 00:51:48,249
which will extend
approximately 200 kilometers
682
00:51:48,331 --> 00:51:51,621
and likely be fatal
to the entire population of Kiev
683
00:51:51,706 --> 00:51:53,746
as well as a portion of Minsk.
684
00:51:53,831 --> 00:51:56,751
The release of radiation
will be severe
685
00:51:56,831 --> 00:52:00,081
and will impact
all of Soviet Ukraine,
686
00:52:00,164 --> 00:52:03,794
Latvia, Lithuania,
Byelorussia,
687
00:52:03,873 --> 00:52:07,123
as well as Poland,
Czechoslovakia, Hungary,
688
00:52:07,206 --> 00:52:09,866
Romania,
and most of East Germany.
689
00:52:13,539 --> 00:52:16,409
What do you mean "impact"?
690
00:52:17,206 --> 00:52:19,746
For much of the area,
a nearly permanent disruption
691
00:52:19,831 --> 00:52:22,371
of the food and water supply,
692
00:52:22,456 --> 00:52:25,456
a steep increase in the rates
of cancer and birth defects.
693
00:52:25,539 --> 00:52:28,999
I don't know how many deaths
there will be, but many.
694
00:52:29,081 --> 00:52:30,961
For Byelorussia and the Ukraine,
695
00:52:31,039 --> 00:52:33,369
"impact" means
completely uninhabitable
696
00:52:33,456 --> 00:52:36,866
for a minimum of 100 years.
697
00:52:40,706 --> 00:52:44,116
There are more
than 50 million people
698
00:52:44,206 --> 00:52:46,956
living in Byelorussia
and Ukraine.
699
00:52:47,039 --> 00:52:48,869
Sixty, yes.
700
00:52:53,247 --> 00:52:54,997
And how long
before this happens?
701
00:52:55,081 --> 00:52:58,961
Approximately 48 to 72 hours.
702
00:53:02,414 --> 00:53:04,834
But we may have a solution.
703
00:53:04,915 --> 00:53:06,705
We can pump the water
from the tanks.
704
00:53:06,790 --> 00:53:10,210
Unfortunately, the tanks are
sealed shut by a sluice gate,
705
00:53:10,289 --> 00:53:12,409
and the gate can only
be opened manually
706
00:53:12,498 --> 00:53:14,038
from within
the duct system itself.
707
00:53:14,122 --> 00:53:17,292
So we need to find
three plant workers
708
00:53:17,373 --> 00:53:18,963
who know the facility
well enough
709
00:53:19,039 --> 00:53:20,669
to enter the basement here,
710
00:53:20,748 --> 00:53:24,998
find their way through
all these duct ways,
711
00:53:25,081 --> 00:53:27,161
get to the sluice gate
valve here,
712
00:53:27,247 --> 00:53:31,707
and give us the access we need
to pump out the tanks.
713
00:53:31,790 --> 00:53:34,540
Of course, we will need
your permission.
714
00:53:34,623 --> 00:53:36,673
My permission for what?
715
00:53:36,748 --> 00:53:39,208
Uh, the water in these ducts,
716
00:53:39,289 --> 00:53:42,119
the level of radioactive
contamination--
717
00:53:42,206 --> 00:53:44,616
They'll likely be
dead in a week.
718
00:53:46,373 --> 00:53:50,123
We're asking for your
permission to kill three men.
719
00:53:58,289 --> 00:53:59,669
Well...
720
00:53:59,748 --> 00:54:02,328
Comrade Legasov...
721
00:54:02,414 --> 00:54:06,164
(clears throat)
all victories inevitably
come at a cost.
722
00:54:42,456 --> 00:54:44,536
(dogs panting)
723
00:54:50,623 --> 00:54:52,673
♪ ♪
724
00:55:08,915 --> 00:55:11,035
(wind blowing)
725
00:55:31,289 --> 00:55:35,119
Legasov:
And open the sluice gate
valve... here.
726
00:55:35,206 --> 00:55:37,206
The valve will be
difficult to operate,
727
00:55:37,289 --> 00:55:39,119
so we'll need three men
728
00:55:39,206 --> 00:55:42,746
who will need to know
the basement layout.
729
00:55:42,831 --> 00:55:46,791
And, of course, any volunteers
will be rewarded.
730
00:55:46,873 --> 00:55:51,293
A yearly stipend of 400 rubles.
731
00:55:57,373 --> 00:56:02,333
And, uh, for those
of you working in reactors
one and two, promotions.
732
00:56:02,414 --> 00:56:06,164
Why are reactors one and two
still operating at all?
733
00:56:06,247 --> 00:56:08,327
My friend was a security
guard that night,
734
00:56:08,414 --> 00:56:10,004
and, uh, she's now dying.
735
00:56:10,081 --> 00:56:12,711
And we've all heard
about the firemen.
736
00:56:12,790 --> 00:56:16,790
And now you want us to swim
underneath a burning reactor?
737
00:56:17,581 --> 00:56:19,711
Do you even know how
contaminated it is?
738
00:56:19,790 --> 00:56:21,290
(clears throat)
739
00:56:21,790 --> 00:56:23,670
I... I don't have
an exact number.
740
00:56:23,748 --> 00:56:26,618
You don't need an exact number
to know if it'll kill us.
741
00:56:27,247 --> 00:56:29,157
But you can't even
tell us that.
742
00:56:30,456 --> 00:56:32,866
Why should we do this?
For what, 400 rubles?
743
00:56:32,956 --> 00:56:34,786
(murmurs in agreement)
744
00:56:36,414 --> 00:56:39,164
You'll do it
because it must be done.
745
00:56:43,748 --> 00:56:47,118
You'll do it
because nobody else can.
746
00:56:49,456 --> 00:56:53,116
And if you don't,
millions will die.
747
00:56:54,289 --> 00:56:57,249
If you tell me that's not
enough, I won't believe you.
748
00:56:58,456 --> 00:57:02,536
This is what has always
set our people apart.
749
00:57:02,623 --> 00:57:05,833
A thousand years
of sacrifice in our veins.
750
00:57:06,665 --> 00:57:09,455
And every generation
must know its own suffering.
751
00:57:10,498 --> 00:57:13,248
I spit on the people
who did this,
752
00:57:13,331 --> 00:57:15,961
and I curse the price
I have to pay.
753
00:57:18,081 --> 00:57:20,501
But I'm making
my peace with it,
754
00:57:20,581 --> 00:57:22,331
and now you make yours.
755
00:57:22,414 --> 00:57:25,164
And go into that water.
756
00:57:27,247 --> 00:57:28,917
Because it must be done.
757
00:57:28,997 --> 00:57:31,157
(distant helicopters thrumming)
758
00:57:46,164 --> 00:57:47,714
Ananenko.
759
00:57:52,039 --> 00:57:53,539
Bezpalov.
760
00:57:58,706 --> 00:58:00,536
Baranov.
761
00:58:02,748 --> 00:58:04,868
♪ ♪
762
00:58:20,539 --> 00:58:22,619
♪ ♪
763
00:58:48,247 --> 00:58:50,407
(distant helicopters thrumming)
764
00:58:59,247 --> 00:59:01,287
♪ ♪
765
00:59:33,831 --> 00:59:35,961
♪ ♪
766
00:59:55,373 --> 00:59:57,503
(dosimeters clicking)
767
00:59:59,831 --> 01:00:01,961
(door shuts)
768
01:00:05,164 --> 01:00:06,374
(grunts)
769
01:00:53,081 --> 01:00:55,001
(dosimeter clicking)
770
01:01:19,373 --> 01:01:20,413
(grunts)
771
01:01:47,706 --> 01:01:49,536
(dosimeter's clicking
grows louder)
772
01:02:03,539 --> 01:02:05,619
(dosimeter crackling loudly)
773
01:02:15,247 --> 01:02:16,617
(grunts)
774
01:02:20,122 --> 01:02:21,832
-(clicking grows louder)
-(water gushing)
775
01:02:21,915 --> 01:02:22,955
(grunts urgently)
776
01:02:29,247 --> 01:02:30,747
(grunts)
777
01:02:39,623 --> 01:02:41,793
(dosimeter clicking rapidly)
778
01:02:43,498 --> 01:02:45,788
-(tapping)
-(grunting)
779
01:02:50,706 --> 01:02:52,956
(dosimeters clicking
loudly, rapidly)
780
01:02:54,665 --> 01:02:55,705
(grunts)
781
01:02:57,706 --> 01:02:59,786
(dosimeters clicking
loudly, rapidly)
782
01:02:59,873 --> 01:03:02,123
(men panting)
783
01:03:02,206 --> 01:03:03,156
(tapping)
784
01:03:03,247 --> 01:03:05,077
-(panting)
-(tapping)
785
01:03:05,164 --> 01:03:07,334
(loud, rapid clicking
continuing)
786
01:03:07,997 --> 01:03:10,247
-(tapping)
-(rapid, heavy breathing)
787
01:03:10,331 --> 01:03:11,671
(silence)
788
01:03:19,498 --> 01:03:21,538
♪ ♪
789
01:03:39,539 --> 01:03:41,579
♪ ♪
790
01:04:11,414 --> 01:04:13,544
♪ ♪
791
01:04:38,581 --> 01:04:40,621
♪ ♪
792
01:05:16,289 --> 01:05:17,829
♪ ♪
54829
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