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1
00:00:03,211 --> 00:00:06,380
MUSIC: Purple Haze by Jimi Hendrix
2
00:00:12,387 --> 00:00:17,349
1967, the Summer of Love.
3
00:00:17,350 --> 00:00:19,977
People have Come here
to love one another.
4
00:00:22,022 --> 00:00:25,274
Sex, drugs, rock and roll.
5
00:00:25,275 --> 00:00:28,318
That was the idea - total assault
on the culture.
6
00:00:28,319 --> 00:00:31,780
By any means necessary.
7
00:00:31,781 --> 00:00:34,742
# ExCuse me while I kiss the sky. #.
8
00:00:36,036 --> 00:00:38,495
But not all peace, love
and understanding.
9
00:00:38,496 --> 00:00:41,373
I"m not committed to non-violence
in any way.
10
00:00:41,374 --> 00:00:44,960
We all thought we were going to get killed.
We never imagined living past 30.
11
00:00:44,961 --> 00:00:49,256
The explosion that summer came from
the mix of naive idealism...
12
00:00:50,884 --> 00:00:54,303
There was a rebellious group of kids
in the 1890s.
13
00:00:54,304 --> 00:00:59,641
..mysticism, radiCal politiCs
14
00:00:59,642 --> 00:01:01,643
and chemistry...
15
00:01:01,644 --> 00:01:07,107
I really did think that LSD was
the answer to the world"s problems.
16
00:01:07,108 --> 00:01:12,446
..all bubbling to the surface on the
West Coast of the United States.
17
00:01:13,782 --> 00:01:17,868
This series explores the highs and
lows of that cultural revolution,
18
00:01:17,869 --> 00:01:21,413
which would change the way
we live to this day.
19
00:01:21,414 --> 00:01:26,293
Culture runs a lot deeper
than politics.
20
00:01:26,294 --> 00:01:29,963
There are millions and millions
of people living differently
21
00:01:29,964 --> 00:01:32,383
as a result of the counter-culture.
22
00:01:32,384 --> 00:01:36,637
# ls it tomorrow
or just the end of time
23
00:01:39,849 --> 00:01:41,016
# Help me
24
00:01:42,686 --> 00:01:43,769
# Help me. #.
25
00:01:48,566 --> 00:01:51,193
MUSIC: Time Of The Season
by The Zombies
26
00:01:52,153 --> 00:01:55,989
# it's the time of the season
27
00:01:57,951 --> 00:02:00,786
# When love runs high
28
00:02:00,787 --> 00:02:06,166
# In this time
Give it to me easy
29
00:02:06,167 --> 00:02:10,379
# And let me try
with pleasured hands
30
00:02:10,380 --> 00:02:12,715
# To take you in the sun to... #.
31
00:02:12,716 --> 00:02:15,759
This is the Golden Gate Park
in San FrancisCo.
32
00:02:15,760 --> 00:02:21,640
It"s the place where the hippy
was born, on January 1 4th, 1 967.
33
00:02:26,146 --> 00:02:31,316
San Francisco"s underground
newspaper put a call-out
34
00:02:31,317 --> 00:02:35,070
for all strands of what it Called
the counter-culture to gather here
35
00:02:35,071 --> 00:02:38,073
for a party like no paety
in history...
36
00:02:38,074 --> 00:02:42,202
A paety that would change
the world for ever.
37
00:02:42,203 --> 00:02:47,666
You could argue that the popular moment of the
hippy begins with the Human Be-In in 1967.
38
00:02:47,667 --> 00:02:50,794
""Come to the Golden Gate Park, it"ll
be a gathering of the tribes""...
39
00:02:50,795 --> 00:02:52,921
That was the expression
of the time...
40
00:02:52,922 --> 00:02:56,884
And the tribes they were talking about were the
New Left tribe doing politics, to change politics
41
00:02:56,885 --> 00:03:01,680
at Berkeley, and a kind of new Communalist,
psychedelic tribe hunkered in San FranCisco,
42
00:03:01,681 --> 00:03:07,519
and it was simply meant to be literally a gathering
in which we Could practise being together.
43
00:03:07,520 --> 00:03:11,857
I showed up and the Gathering Of The
Tribes, it was one of those things
44
00:03:11,858 --> 00:03:15,194
when you saw that many people
in the park at the Be-in,
45
00:03:15,195 --> 00:03:17,029
something definitely
was going on.
46
00:03:18,198 --> 00:03:19,573
Turn on.
47
00:03:19,574 --> 00:03:21,784
Tune in.
48
00:03:21,785 --> 00:03:23,994
Drop out.
49
00:03:23,995 --> 00:03:26,538
They called it the Human Be-in,
50
00:03:26,539 --> 00:03:29,958
and it brought together
for the first time
51
00:03:29,959 --> 00:03:34,672
all the disparate tribes of what
soon would be called the hippies.
52
00:03:34,673 --> 00:03:38,050
Eco-warriors mixed freely with
acid trippers.
53
00:03:38,051 --> 00:03:39,927
Very large turnout.
54
00:03:39,928 --> 00:03:45,099
There was, like, 30 or 40,000 of
what then became known as hippies,
55
00:03:45,100 --> 00:03:50,646
and the idea that individuals
would take LSD
56
00:03:50,647 --> 00:03:53,607
in an open crowd setting
57
00:03:53,608 --> 00:03:58,696
and danCe around
was just...you know, unheard of.
58
00:03:58,697 --> 00:04:02,658
The radical left turned up as well.
59
00:04:02,659 --> 00:04:05,119
We"re going to march tonight
for two reasons.
60
00:04:05,120 --> 00:04:06,453
One because...
61
00:04:06,454 --> 00:04:10,791
That"s the moment when Jerry Rubin,
who had been a Berkeley radical,
62
00:04:10,792 --> 00:04:15,004
realised that there were more
hippies than there were radicals,
63
00:04:15,005 --> 00:04:19,425
and Rubin decided, ""A-ha! That"s
where the aCtion is, that's where
64
00:04:19,426 --> 00:04:22,428
""the numbers are,"" and out of that,
65
00:04:22,429 --> 00:04:26,515
he and Abbie Hoffman not long after
Create the Yippies.
66
00:04:26,516 --> 00:04:32,271
Within a year, Jerry Rubin had
formed the hippy anarchist party,
67
00:04:32,272 --> 00:04:34,064
the Yippies.
68
00:04:34,065 --> 00:04:38,235
Jerry spoke, but I don't think
anybody listened cos nobody was
69
00:04:38,236 --> 00:04:41,113
really... Nobody would have
remembered, cos they were stoned!
70
00:04:41,114 --> 00:04:42,656
Nobody would"ve remembered!
71
00:04:43,908 --> 00:04:47,161
We were there, and we felt already
72
00:04:47,162 --> 00:04:52,583
what was going to then beCome
the Summer of Love in "67
73
00:04:52,584 --> 00:04:55,627
was this really interesting blend
74
00:04:55,628 --> 00:05:00,883
of lifestyle preferences, you know,
in their various uniforms of
75
00:05:00,884 --> 00:05:07,264
whatever tribe they belonged to, and
that staeted to be that sort of...
76
00:05:07,265 --> 00:05:12,061
You know, that ripple effect
that went out across the country
77
00:05:12,062 --> 00:05:16,398
when songs like if You"re Going To
San Francisco drew like a magnet,
78
00:05:16,399 --> 00:05:19,735
you know, drew all these other kids
from around the country.
79
00:05:19,736 --> 00:05:27,743
# if you"re going to San Francisco
80
00:05:27,744 --> 00:05:34,541
# Be sure to wear some flowers
in your hair... #.
81
00:05:34,542 --> 00:05:39,505
The Be-In was the galvanising moment
in the bieth of the hippy movement.
82
00:05:39,506 --> 00:05:44,593
They called it the Gathering Of The
Tribes, but who were these tribes,
83
00:05:44,594 --> 00:05:47,930
and what brought them to the party
that day?
84
00:05:47,931 --> 00:05:54,311
The earliest and perhaps strangest of
the tribes was called the Nature Boys.
85
00:05:54,312 --> 00:05:56,480
PiANO PLAYS
86
00:05:58,775 --> 00:06:02,194
# There was a boy
87
00:06:03,238 --> 00:06:08,450
# A very strange, enchanted boy
88
00:06:08,451 --> 00:06:14,581
# They say he wandered very far
Very far
89
00:06:14,582 --> 00:06:17,876
# Over land and sea... #.
90
00:06:17,877 --> 00:06:22,923
The Nature Boys even had a hit song,
so popular that it earned its own
91
00:06:22,924 --> 00:06:24,675
early form of musiC video.
92
00:06:27,220 --> 00:06:30,723
The song was written about a
wandering group of back-to-nature
93
00:06:30,724 --> 00:06:33,934
devotees, who had rejected
mainstream soCiety.
94
00:06:36,396 --> 00:06:39,857
They lived on a diet of
raw vegetables, fruits and nuts
95
00:06:39,858 --> 00:06:42,276
out in the Californian wilderness.
96
00:06:45,030 --> 00:06:47,156
Its writer was Eden Ahbez,
97
00:06:47,157 --> 00:06:52,703
who beCame a Celebrity through a
number of eccentric TV appearances.
98
00:06:52,704 --> 00:06:55,497
..the nation"s number one song hit -
Nature Boy.
99
00:06:55,498 --> 00:06:56,999
His name is Eden Ahbez,
100
00:06:57,000 --> 00:07:01,378
and he's bringing his bicycle
onto our Gulf Oil stage right now.
101
00:07:01,379 --> 00:07:03,505
APPLAUSE
102
00:07:05,508 --> 00:07:07,968
How did you happen to write
Nature Boy?
103
00:07:23,151 --> 00:07:25,444
They were kind of the original
nature boys.
104
00:07:25,445 --> 00:07:28,781
They were these organic, bearded,
free-spirited guys,
105
00:07:28,782 --> 00:07:32,117
and they tended to follow
the weather and the seasons
106
00:07:32,118 --> 00:07:33,202
and the Cropsl
107
00:07:33,203 --> 00:07:36,330
so when it was hot in LA,
in the summer, they would go to
108
00:07:36,331 --> 00:07:38,540
noethern California,
where it was cooler,
109
00:07:38,541 --> 00:07:40,417
and then when it got too cold
in California,
110
00:07:40,418 --> 00:07:44,338
they would come down to Palm Springs and
hang out in the caves near Tahquitz Canyon,
111
00:07:44,339 --> 00:07:49,426
and they soet of ate off the land
and they lived off the land
112
00:07:49,427 --> 00:07:53,931
and they were truly these, likel
free-spirited...nature boys.
113
00:08:02,982 --> 00:08:06,610
Astonishingly, the group"s origins
were in Germany.
114
00:08:06,611 --> 00:08:08,946
Lebensreform, or life reform,
115
00:08:08,947 --> 00:08:12,116
was a baCk-to-nature cult
that had made its way
116
00:08:12,117 --> 00:08:15,411
to California in the early
20th Century.
117
00:08:15,412 --> 00:08:17,955
Like the hippies 70 years later,
118
00:08:17,956 --> 00:08:21,458
it was a revolt against
industrialisation.
119
00:08:21,459 --> 00:08:25,170
There was a rebellious group of kids
that were Coming of age in the 1 880s
120
00:08:25,171 --> 00:08:28,298
and the 1 890s in Germany,
121
00:08:28,299 --> 00:08:32,594
and they deCided to head for
the wilderness, to head for nature.
122
00:08:32,595 --> 00:08:36,181
There was as many as 50,000 of these
kids wandering around Germany,
123
00:08:36,182 --> 00:08:39,018
and you know, if you"re wandering
and you don"t like the climate,
124
00:08:39,019 --> 00:08:41,645
just keep wandering,
you know, wander to America.
125
00:08:41,646 --> 00:08:48,610
They"d seen the pictures of Yosemite and the Grand
Canyon and the beaches in California - they came here.
126
00:08:49,821 --> 00:08:53,991
There was an entire floCk of young
people there during World War I,
127
00:08:53,992 --> 00:08:57,870
formed a little enCampment up there
in Palm Canyon. It alerted some of
128
00:08:57,871 --> 00:09:01,331
the authorities in town, they
weren"t sure why all these Germans
129
00:09:01,332 --> 00:09:04,668
were converging up there, so they
thought that maybe they were spies
130
00:09:04,669 --> 00:09:06,837
or something for the German
military.
131
00:09:09,549 --> 00:09:13,344
There was a lot of people that were
just really disenchanted,
132
00:09:13,345 --> 00:09:16,680
like right now, too - there's a lot of
people that are very disenChanted now, too,
133
00:09:16,681 --> 00:09:19,058
that would look at something
like that and they"d say,
134
00:09:19,059 --> 00:09:23,437
""Hey, I think I want to join these people and
I want to be a part of what"s going on here.""
135
00:09:23,438 --> 00:09:28,650
This is Rudolph Valentino, the famous
film star, who died right after this.
136
00:09:32,072 --> 00:09:36,450
The visitation of the movie star
Rudolph Valentino was symptomatic of
137
00:09:36,451 --> 00:09:41,038
the exotic status the wandering
nomads had now gained.
138
00:09:41,039 --> 00:09:46,585
They had become something of a weird tourist
attraction in the Californian deseet.
139
00:09:46,586 --> 00:09:50,964
Hollywood"s courting of the Nature
Boys enCouraged one of their number,
140
00:09:50,965 --> 00:09:54,677
Gypsy Boots, to bring his
Clean-living ideals out of
141
00:09:54,678 --> 00:10:01,809
the wilderness, into the heart of the city and open
California"s first health food store in 1 959.
142
00:10:05,313 --> 00:10:09,483
Way before anyone was really even
thinking about things like this,
143
00:10:09,484 --> 00:10:12,236
my dad opened the back-to-nature
Health Hut,
144
00:10:12,237 --> 00:10:16,031
a soet of multi-purpose health food,
restaurant, cabaret...
145
00:10:16,032 --> 00:10:19,326
A lot of Celebrities showed up -
Gloria Swanson, LiberaCe.
146
00:10:19,327 --> 00:10:23,497
Famous people came
because there was this crazy,
147
00:10:23,498 --> 00:10:29,420
weird little thing that was serving
Carrot juice and organic rice
148
00:10:29,421 --> 00:10:34,550
and things and meals and seaweed,
and nobody was doing that.
149
00:10:34,551 --> 00:10:37,428
When I look back at my dad"s life,
150
00:10:37,429 --> 00:10:42,057
it"s very clear to me that he was
a guy way ahead of his time,
151
00:10:42,058 --> 00:10:44,977
and then the times soet of
Caught up.
152
00:10:47,856 --> 00:10:52,401
What staeted as a few nomads eating
berries in the desert had found
153
00:10:52,402 --> 00:10:57,406
fertile ground. The West Coast had
always been a plaCe for dreamers
154
00:10:57,407 --> 00:11:01,535
and explorers. San Francisco
was the final frontier.
155
00:11:01,536 --> 00:11:05,873
# On a warm San FrancisCan
night... #
156
00:11:05,874 --> 00:11:11,462
San Francisco was always intrigued
by the exotic, and that went really
157
00:11:11,463 --> 00:11:13,339
back to Gold Rush days.
158
00:11:13,340 --> 00:11:19,678
There"s a very good passage
in Kenneth Rexroth"s memoir
159
00:11:19,679 --> 00:11:24,058
about arriving in San Francisco
in the 1 920s and being
160
00:11:24,059 --> 00:11:28,771
immediately struck by the easy-going
nature of the city, and how it was
161
00:11:28,772 --> 00:11:32,649
so much different than any other plaCe
he had been in the United States.
162
00:11:36,863 --> 00:11:42,368
San Francisco was different because
it was just a centre of weirdness.
163
00:11:42,369 --> 00:11:45,496
It was where you Could go and live
however you wanted to and wear
164
00:11:45,497 --> 00:11:49,041
whatever clothes you wanted,
let your hair grow.
165
00:11:49,042 --> 00:11:52,795
You weren't thinking
about the workforce.
166
00:11:54,297 --> 00:11:58,967
It just wasn"t paet of the consideration
of everyday life, you know?
167
00:12:00,261 --> 00:12:04,431
San Francisco was the breeding
ground for a world view based on
168
00:12:04,432 --> 00:12:09,103
personal growth and fulfilment
rather than personal gain.
169
00:12:09,104 --> 00:12:13,774
The second tribe that made up the
hippies looked inward to liberation
170
00:12:13,775 --> 00:12:18,946
of the self. They were the Truth
Seekers. If the naturists looked
171
00:12:18,947 --> 00:12:23,409
back to Germany, the Truth Seekers
were inspired by one of the maddest,
172
00:12:23,410 --> 00:12:26,578
baddest Englishmen
of the 20th Century.
173
00:12:28,873 --> 00:12:33,419
Aleister Crowley was an early
prophet of Eastern mysticism.
174
00:12:33,420 --> 00:12:40,175
Crowley was one of the pioneers
of introducing yoga to the West,
175
00:12:40,176 --> 00:12:44,263
and at the time, it was seen as
rather devilish,
176
00:12:44,264 --> 00:12:49,810
very alien, and he used it in his
own magical Western rituals in
177
00:12:49,811 --> 00:12:55,065
the bedroom and elsewhere. I mean,
he was homosexual, he was bisexual,
178
00:12:55,066 --> 00:13:00,320
he was promiscuous. Crowley"s sexual
ideas and sexual politiCs underlays
179
00:13:00,321 --> 00:13:04,450
the whole idea and the politiCs of
free love.
180
00:13:04,451 --> 00:13:08,412
# Mr Crowley
181
00:13:08,413 --> 00:13:12,082
# What went on in your head? #.
182
00:13:12,083 --> 00:13:16,253
By the 1 920s, Aieister Crowley
had earned the title.
183
00:13:16,254 --> 00:13:18,464
The World's Most Evil Man.
184
00:13:22,844 --> 00:13:25,888
He dedicated his life to Satan
and the Devil,
185
00:13:25,889 --> 00:13:27,639
and he did it to the hilt,
186
00:13:27,640 --> 00:13:32,978
he just, er...basically transgressed
against every notion of conventional
187
00:13:32,979 --> 00:13:35,606
behaviour or morality or ethics.
188
00:13:35,607 --> 00:13:38,108
He put on magiCal rituals.
189
00:13:38,109 --> 00:13:42,488
Lights, inCense, drumming,
violins, poetry.
190
00:13:42,489 --> 00:13:45,074
There was a punch bowl
passed around,
191
00:13:45,075 --> 00:13:47,284
it was called the loving cup,
192
00:13:47,285 --> 00:13:51,872
it was a mixture of fruit juices,
drops of opium and mescaline.
193
00:13:51,873 --> 00:13:55,376
This is a line that runs directly
through in all the Be-Ins
194
00:13:55,377 --> 00:13:58,379
and happenings of 1 967.
195
00:13:58,380 --> 00:14:00,923
And the essence of it became
this Catchphrase:
196
00:14:03,927 --> 00:14:08,389
And it"s more or less a kind of
Command to break all the rules,
197
00:14:08,390 --> 00:14:10,933
to go beyond all the boundaries.
198
00:14:21,194 --> 00:14:22,945
Crowley beCame a kind of icon.
199
00:14:22,946 --> 00:14:26,407
He was piCked up, like,
in the roCk and roll world.
200
00:14:27,659 --> 00:14:33,122
In 1 967, he appears on the Cover
of Sergeant Pepper and it"s
201
00:14:33,123 --> 00:14:37,251
John Lennon, I think, who put him there,
cos in an interview many years later,
202
00:14:37,252 --> 00:14:40,462
he said, ""Well, the whole point of
the Beatles was to do what
203
00:14:40,463 --> 00:14:45,134
""you want, to take your own responsibility.
That"s why we put him on the cover.""
204
00:14:45,135 --> 00:14:50,055
But it was another Englishman on
the Sergeant Pepper cover that would
205
00:14:50,056 --> 00:14:55,352
bring Crowley"s mix of the East and
drugs to the West Coast of AmeriCa.
206
00:14:55,353 --> 00:14:59,106
The upper-class writer
and philosopher, Aldous Huxley.
207
00:14:59,107 --> 00:15:03,193
Crowley and Huxley met in 1 930
in Berlin.
208
00:15:05,780 --> 00:15:10,492
Crowley in his diaries records
fabulous dinners with Huxley
209
00:15:10,493 --> 00:15:18,083
and it was said that he introduced
the writer to peyote, to mescaline.
210
00:15:19,419 --> 00:15:23,714
By the early "50s, Huxley returned
to this idea of mescaline
211
00:15:23,715 --> 00:15:30,512
for opening up the inner self to
its true nature and then after that,
212
00:15:30,513 --> 00:15:34,808
he writes The Doors Of Perception -
it"s his most influential book.
213
00:15:36,186 --> 00:15:39,563
For the truth-seeking tribes
of the hippy movement,
214
00:15:39,564 --> 00:15:45,110
Aldous Huxley was a guru
and a pioneer.
215
00:15:47,906 --> 00:15:52,576
By the early "60s, Huxley was
bringing these ideas to a retreat
216
00:15:52,577 --> 00:15:57,247
200 miles south of San Francisco,
which was to become the centre for.
217
00:15:57,248 --> 00:16:00,876
Eastern thoughtl meditation
and self-exploration.
218
00:16:02,337 --> 00:16:06,298
As people search for a safety valve
in a world that's become a pressure.
219
00:16:06,299 --> 00:16:10,177
Cooker, here in the United States,
they"ve found one way.
220
00:16:10,178 --> 00:16:13,013
At Esalen on the PaCific Coast
of California,
221
00:16:13,014 --> 00:16:17,017
they"re reaching for an odd kind of
sanity in an odder, madder world.
222
00:16:17,018 --> 00:16:21,397
We staeted by inviting all our
favourite authors to Esalen,
223
00:16:21,398 --> 00:16:26,735
on this property that my family
owned, two miles of Big Sur coast.
224
00:16:26,736 --> 00:16:31,323
Michael Murphy founded Esalen ten
years ago, graduated in psychology
225
00:16:31,324 --> 00:16:34,618
and philosophy and
studied meditation in india.
226
00:16:34,619 --> 00:16:40,708
We wanted to open up a worldwide
Conversation, between these...
227
00:16:40,709 --> 00:16:45,963
Great minds, and Arnold Toynbee, the
most famous historian in the world,
228
00:16:45,964 --> 00:16:50,676
Came and lectured to tell us that
the great event of the century would
229
00:16:50,677 --> 00:16:55,723
be the coming of Buddhism
to the West.
230
00:17:05,275 --> 00:17:07,818
# We are one
in the infinite sun... #.
231
00:17:07,819 --> 00:17:12,156
But it was Huxley who propagated
the idea that psychotropic drugs.
232
00:17:12,157 --> 00:17:16,201
Could aid the individual to achieve
the goals of Eastern meditation.
233
00:17:16,202 --> 00:17:19,455
# Fly like an eagle. #.
234
00:17:21,499 --> 00:17:28,422
There"s an extraordinary text
between Shiva and his divine Consoet
235
00:17:28,423 --> 00:17:30,424
Parvati, the goddess,
236
00:17:30,425 --> 00:17:37,431
and the goddess asks him, ""What is the seCret
of your kind of enlightened consciousness?""
237
00:17:37,432 --> 00:17:40,809
And he answers by giving her a list
238
00:17:40,810 --> 00:17:45,814
of 11 8 exerCises in Consciousness
which will help.
239
00:17:47,734 --> 00:17:54,198
Aldous Huxley was lecturing around
the United States at that time
240
00:17:54,199 --> 00:17:57,868
on the human potential,
human potentiality. A tremendous
241
00:17:57,869 --> 00:18:01,830
inspiration, but not simply from
Eastern philosophy
242
00:18:01,831 --> 00:18:07,127
but from its marriage to an
evolutionary vision of human nature.
243
00:18:08,546 --> 00:18:12,508
This mix of Eastern philosophy and
journeys into the unconscious
244
00:18:12,509 --> 00:18:16,345
made his book the Bible of the hippy
generation.
245
00:18:16,346 --> 00:18:20,265
Jim Morrison of The Doors
Chose that name, The Doors,
246
00:18:20,266 --> 00:18:22,434
because of Huxley's book,
247
00:18:22,435 --> 00:18:27,898
and everyone around that time would
have read The Doors Of PerCeption.
248
00:18:30,151 --> 00:18:35,030
But rather than a serious aCademic
study, the hippies viewed Huxley"s
249
00:18:35,031 --> 00:18:38,701
barely readable book as a guide
on how to get high...
250
00:18:41,121 --> 00:18:48,460
..and getting high got a whole lot quicker when
the hippies discovered a wonder drug called LSD.
251
00:18:58,888 --> 00:19:02,099
The alchemy from straight to hippy
might staet the first time
252
00:19:02,100 --> 00:19:05,102
you swallow a sugar cube
impregnated with the drug.
253
00:19:07,188 --> 00:19:11,859
Although welcomed by Huxley,
LSD appeared to offer the hippy
254
00:19:11,860 --> 00:19:16,321
truth seekers the keys to the doors
of perception in an instant.
255
00:19:17,866 --> 00:19:21,994
I felt... I guess that would be my
last time, I just felt.
256
00:19:21,995 --> 00:19:26,832
Everything was very emotional
and I could see that I fitted in
257
00:19:26,833 --> 00:19:29,168
with all the rest
of what was going on in the world.
258
00:19:29,169 --> 00:19:34,340
The thing that happened as you
got... I"d studied mysticism,
259
00:19:34,341 --> 00:19:38,761
both Christian mystiCism
and other people"s mysticism,
260
00:19:38,762 --> 00:19:41,764
and Aldous Huxiey and so on
when I was at Stanford University
261
00:19:41,765 --> 00:19:49,688
in the "50s, and LSD gives you what a lot of people
had to meditate for ten years in order to have.
262
00:19:49,689 --> 00:19:52,816
It"s not enlightenment, but it is
a mystical experience.
263
00:19:53,902 --> 00:19:57,404
# Overhead the albatross
264
00:19:57,405 --> 00:20:01,325
# Hangs motionless upon the air
265
00:20:01,326 --> 00:20:05,037
# And deep beneath the rolling waves
266
00:20:05,038 --> 00:20:10,084
# In labyrinths of Coral caves... #
267
00:20:10,085 --> 00:20:16,840
LSD was first manufactured by Albeet
Hofmann in Switzerland in 1 938.
268
00:20:16,841 --> 00:20:21,011
It was the military who first
experimented with the new drug.
269
00:20:21,012 --> 00:20:26,767
The CiA was on the search for a Cold War weapon
that Could destroy the minds of the enemy.
270
00:20:29,020 --> 00:20:34,066
Receiving a small dose of LSD,
they"re confused.
271
00:20:34,067 --> 00:20:40,781
That period of LSD was
a dark period, Cos they wanted
272
00:20:40,782 --> 00:20:44,618
an incapacitating agent that didn't
kill you, and so there was this
273
00:20:44,619 --> 00:20:49,289
belief that Russia had these agents
and therefore the United States had
274
00:20:49,290 --> 00:20:55,838
to develop them, and they would give it to
unknowing subjects and then just observe "em.
275
00:20:55,839 --> 00:20:59,675
Military hospitals
were used as test sites.
276
00:20:59,676 --> 00:21:02,553
One employee"s wife
became a subject.
277
00:21:02,554 --> 00:21:06,724
Well, I think it"s time for you
to have your lysergic aCid.
278
00:21:06,725 --> 00:21:11,687
Drink this down and we"il be back after
a while and see how you"re doing.
279
00:21:14,482 --> 00:21:19,820
Well, I just couldn"t... I couldn"t
possibly tell you. It's...
280
00:21:19,821 --> 00:21:23,073
It"s here. Can't you feel it?
281
00:21:23,074 --> 00:21:26,368
This whole room is-is...
282
00:21:26,369 --> 00:21:30,748
Everything is in colour and I Can
feel the air. I Can see it.
283
00:21:30,749 --> 00:21:32,791
I can see all the molecules.
284
00:21:33,793 --> 00:21:39,423
I"m paet of it. I"m... I don"t
even know how I can tell you.
285
00:21:39,424 --> 00:21:41,675
Can"t you see it?
286
00:21:46,639 --> 00:21:51,560
Another suCh test subject was
the writer Ken Kesey, who had been
287
00:21:51,561 --> 00:21:57,983
a night nurse in a mental hospital in San FrancisCo
when the CIA Coveetly got him to take the drug,
288
00:21:57,984 --> 00:22:02,029
and One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest
was the outcome.
289
00:22:02,030 --> 00:22:06,200
I would have never written
Cuckoo's Nest without LSD.
290
00:22:06,201 --> 00:22:10,662
I think a lot of that stuff that was written
by all of these guys would never have happened
291
00:22:10,663 --> 00:22:14,958
if they"d have just stayed on the get up early
in the morning and drink a lot of coffee
292
00:22:14,959 --> 00:22:16,043
and do what you Can.
293
00:22:17,671 --> 00:22:24,426
LSD, whiCh began in scientifiC
experiments in the 1 950s but by
294
00:22:24,427 --> 00:22:30,015
the late "50s was beginning to spread beyond
that, and I suppose most important in this
295
00:22:30,016 --> 00:22:34,228
was aCtually Aldous Huxley in Los
Angeles, who was turning on Cary Grant.
296
00:22:36,481 --> 00:22:41,068
Cary Grant took over 1 00 trips of
the then-legal drug, later saying
297
00:22:41,069 --> 00:22:46,031
the effect was startling. ""In one
LSD dream, I imagined myself as
298
00:22:46,032 --> 00:22:49,660
""a giant penis, launching off
from Eaeth like a spaCeship.""
299
00:22:51,204 --> 00:22:56,667
I think it would be extremely good
for almost anybody with fixed ideas,
300
00:22:56,668 --> 00:23:01,422
with a great ceetainty about what's
what to take this thing and to
301
00:23:01,423 --> 00:23:06,885
realise that the world he has Constructed is
by no means the only world. There are these...
302
00:23:06,886 --> 00:23:13,475
I was privileged to be given LSD by
Aldous, and my sitter was Laura,
303
00:23:13,476 --> 00:23:17,813
his wife, so that was
my first experience.
304
00:23:17,814 --> 00:23:22,359
It was not my way in
to expanding Consciousness.
305
00:23:22,360 --> 00:23:26,822
Neveetheless, it gave me some sense
306
00:23:26,823 --> 00:23:33,203
of what was going on, and then this
emerged as one of the great
307
00:23:33,204 --> 00:23:36,874
door openers in the culture
around us.
308
00:23:36,875 --> 00:23:40,002
MUSIC: Spirit In The Sky
by Norman Greenbaum
309
00:23:52,557 --> 00:23:56,268
# When I die and they lay me to rest
310
00:23:56,269 --> 00:23:59,855
# Gonna go to the plaCe
that"s the best
311
00:23:59,856 --> 00:24:02,941
# When they lie me down to die
312
00:24:02,942 --> 00:24:07,154
# Going up to the spirit in the sky
313
00:24:07,155 --> 00:24:09,281
# Going up to the spirit... #.
314
00:24:09,282 --> 00:24:14,661
By the mid "60s, acid was raining
down on the youth of California.
315
00:24:14,662 --> 00:24:20,542
Somebody gave me my first LSD
at Berkeley, and that was a hugely
316
00:24:20,543 --> 00:24:23,087
life-altering experienCe.
317
00:24:23,088 --> 00:24:31,261
I"ve always been interested
in...whatever religion points to,
318
00:24:31,262 --> 00:24:36,183
but I hadn't had a deep,
personal experience
319
00:24:36,184 --> 00:24:40,396
of feeling connected to everything,
320
00:24:40,397 --> 00:24:46,610
and having whatever I thought
of as my identity dissolve
321
00:24:46,611 --> 00:24:54,493
and just be paet of the pulse of
life. For me, once I experienCed
322
00:24:54,494 --> 00:24:59,331
that, there was no going back.
I could never again buy into the
323
00:24:59,332 --> 00:25:03,669
notion that I was separate.
Like mushrooms, right, they grow
324
00:25:03,670 --> 00:25:08,465
underground and then they pop up and what pops
up looks like it"s separate, but it"s not.
325
00:25:21,312 --> 00:25:25,983
# There is a house
in New Orleans... #
326
00:25:25,984 --> 00:25:32,448
San Francisco was drawing people from all
around the world, including NewCastle.
327
00:25:33,700 --> 00:25:37,578
It wasn"t any really politiCal
or cultural reason why I came to
328
00:25:37,579 --> 00:25:39,872
California and settled here.
329
00:25:39,873 --> 00:25:46,628
It was beCause of health. I was
a Chronic asthmatic, and got...
330
00:25:46,629 --> 00:25:51,008
Magnetised. I did a lot of dope.
331
00:25:51,009 --> 00:25:55,679
I must"ve held the world record
for LSD.
332
00:25:55,680 --> 00:26:01,852
The things that I saw under its
influence, I"ll never forget.
333
00:26:01,853 --> 00:26:08,484
I was sitting there with my drummer
next to me, and he was real skinny
334
00:26:08,485 --> 00:26:12,571
and he had a bit of a beard
and he was dressed in white,
335
00:26:12,572 --> 00:26:15,657
and all of a sudden he beCame
Jesus Christ!
336
00:26:16,743 --> 00:26:22,664
I meanl for real, it was like Jesus!
And I went so far inside myself that
337
00:26:22,665 --> 00:26:29,797
I guess what happened is I staeted
to cry, and the teardrops that were
338
00:26:29,798 --> 00:26:35,052
falling were, like, slow motion and
they were bouncing off my chest
339
00:26:35,053 --> 00:26:41,308
and splashing all over the Carpet,
and the Carpet - tiny, little bits
340
00:26:41,309 --> 00:26:46,355
would start to move and I would
realise that it was people, and that
341
00:26:46,356 --> 00:26:52,528
I was hovering over the Eaeth
with thousands of people looking up,
342
00:26:52,529 --> 00:26:57,825
going, ""Feed us! Feed us!
Give us food!""
343
00:27:02,247 --> 00:27:08,293
I really did think that LSD was
the answer to the world"s problems.
344
00:27:08,294 --> 00:27:11,588
I was Convinced that we could Change
345
00:27:11,589 --> 00:27:17,094
the way we thought,
felt about things.
346
00:27:21,516 --> 00:27:27,146
Not everyone in the 1 960s thought LSD
alone was enough for a revolution.
347
00:27:27,147 --> 00:27:30,858
# There"s something happening
here... #.
348
00:27:30,859 --> 00:27:34,111
The formation of the hippy
movement"s third tribe,
349
00:27:34,112 --> 00:27:37,781
the PolitiCals, began on
the university campus.
350
00:27:41,870 --> 00:27:47,082
Vietnam. Civil rights. The country
was being torn apart,
351
00:27:47,083 --> 00:27:50,711
and the Berkeley campus of
the University of California
352
00:27:50,712 --> 00:27:55,299
in San FrancisCo"s Bay Area
was at the epicentre.
353
00:27:59,137 --> 00:28:03,724
Osha Neumann was a political
activist in the 1 960s
354
00:28:03,725 --> 00:28:07,144
and remains one to this day.
355
00:28:07,145 --> 00:28:14,485
This mural, it was a monument in
Berkeley, to that period of ferment
356
00:28:14,486 --> 00:28:20,866
and revolutionary enthusiasm,
so anti-Vietnam War teachings,
357
00:28:20,867 --> 00:28:22,910
the students are coming out,
marginalised,
358
00:28:22,911 --> 00:28:24,912
turned into blockheads.
359
00:28:24,913 --> 00:28:29,708
We have somebody burning
his draft card, third world strikes
360
00:28:29,709 --> 00:28:31,251
and the Black Panthers.
361
00:28:31,252 --> 00:28:35,089
It seemed at the time that
the system was Collapsing.
362
00:28:35,090 --> 00:28:39,968
So that really, I mean, encapsulates a
lot of the spirit that we need now.
363
00:28:41,012 --> 00:28:46,517
This generation of young radical
students, now known as the New Left,
364
00:28:46,518 --> 00:28:50,104
found a political guru based at
the University of California.
365
00:28:50,105 --> 00:28:56,402
My main topic, as you know, is
liberation from the affluent...
366
00:28:56,403 --> 00:28:59,363
Professor Herbeet Marcuse rejeCted
the repressive nature
367
00:28:59,364 --> 00:29:01,699
of traditional Soviet Communism.
368
00:29:01,700 --> 00:29:06,870
In its place, he taught
a Marxism that plaCed a greater
369
00:29:06,871 --> 00:29:09,498
emphasis on personal liberty.
370
00:29:09,499 --> 00:29:15,087
..because I believe that
all dialectic is liberation.
371
00:29:16,339 --> 00:29:21,468
Liberation involving the mind
and the body,
372
00:29:21,469 --> 00:29:26,015
liberation involving
the entire human existence.
373
00:29:27,267 --> 00:29:32,438
Herbeet was appealing primarily
to young people. He realised
374
00:29:32,439 --> 00:29:40,571
quite early, I think, that there was
a political value and importance
375
00:29:40,572 --> 00:29:44,533
in what was going on around,
which was this New Left,
376
00:29:44,534 --> 00:29:49,621
young people and this culturai
revolution. He did not believe that
377
00:29:49,622 --> 00:29:53,417
the traditional working Class
necessarily was going to be
378
00:29:53,418 --> 00:29:57,755
the agent of the revolution.
One looked for revolution in people
379
00:29:57,756 --> 00:30:00,215
on the margins, in students.
380
00:30:00,216 --> 00:30:04,094
That, of course, was very appealing
to the New Left
381
00:30:04,095 --> 00:30:08,515
and to the counter-Cuiture that was
at that point exploring all of
382
00:30:08,516 --> 00:30:14,605
these, you know...on monogamy and
the breaking down of sexual taboos
383
00:30:14,606 --> 00:30:16,273
and so on and so forth.
384
00:30:16,274 --> 00:30:19,360
When I went to college,
women were locked up at ten o"cloCk
385
00:30:19,361 --> 00:30:21,570
at night, every single night,
you know,
386
00:30:21,571 --> 00:30:25,991
so, there were many local issues
about what we were being taught,
387
00:30:25,992 --> 00:30:29,495
the truth about history,
the truth about Vietnam,
388
00:30:29,496 --> 00:30:33,123
and there were
agitated students on campus.
389
00:30:33,124 --> 00:30:39,296
It was a way of opening up sexuality
that was good, that was, you know,
390
00:30:39,297 --> 00:30:44,677
against the repression of the "50s
or something, you know, and all the
391
00:30:44,678 --> 00:30:49,306
traditional scriptures of
bourgeois life. Right. Exactly.
392
00:30:49,307 --> 00:30:53,519
Free love was compliCated. Yeah.
393
00:30:53,520 --> 00:30:55,646
Especially for women.
394
00:30:55,647 --> 00:30:59,108
# People moving out
People moving in
395
00:30:59,109 --> 00:31:02,152
# Because of the colour
of their skin... #.
396
00:31:03,780 --> 00:31:08,242
By the mid "60s, women"s issues
began to emerge as the New Left
397
00:31:08,243 --> 00:31:11,620
thinking was taking over
student politiCs at Berkeley.
398
00:31:14,541 --> 00:31:18,460
Students would gather at the nearby
People"s Park, which became
399
00:31:18,461 --> 00:31:21,630
a meeting point for every
new political grouping.
400
00:31:21,631 --> 00:31:25,050
# ..about love thy brother
is the preacher... #.
401
00:31:26,553 --> 00:31:30,305
The thing that thrilled me most was
there were tables, like Card tables,
402
00:31:30,306 --> 00:31:34,727
with every organisation ever that
was disseminating political
403
00:31:34,728 --> 00:31:39,273
information, so you could piCk up
a flyer from the anarChists and hear
404
00:31:39,274 --> 00:31:46,238
the socialists talking and all the
organisations and I was just thrilled, um...
405
00:31:46,239 --> 00:31:52,536
And not too long after I started
there, the police Came on the Campus
406
00:31:52,537 --> 00:31:56,123
and took all the tables away
and arrested some people.
407
00:32:00,128 --> 00:32:04,214
The Campus became a stage
for a series of student sit-ins
408
00:32:04,215 --> 00:32:07,676
and demonstrations, even riots.
409
00:32:07,677 --> 00:32:11,972
MUSIC: All Along The Watchtower
by Jimi Hendrix.
410
00:32:14,726 --> 00:32:19,146
Directly Challenging the university
authorities, the poliCe and the state.
411
00:32:20,357 --> 00:32:25,444
We felt revolutionary to the Core.
We felt, you know, that the way that
412
00:32:25,445 --> 00:32:29,531
white America saw us, we were
their daughters and sons,
413
00:32:29,532 --> 00:32:32,034
and we were saying no.
414
00:32:37,832 --> 00:32:42,336
But along with the New Left,
Berkeley was also home to those
415
00:32:42,337 --> 00:32:47,216
experimenting with alternative
lifestyies and mind-expanding drugs.
416
00:32:47,217 --> 00:32:52,054
By 1 967I these two Camps
were completely interwoven.
417
00:32:53,223 --> 00:32:58,936
Those forCes of cultural upheaval,
of musiC and drugs, were reflected
418
00:32:58,937 --> 00:33:03,440
in people's politics and how people
wanted to think and live, and what
419
00:33:03,441 --> 00:33:09,029
kind of risks people wanted to take,
so, yeah, so my first experience
420
00:33:09,030 --> 00:33:13,325
with LSD was eye-opening, for us.
I think it influenced us deeply.
421
00:33:13,326 --> 00:33:15,577
It all influenced all of us.
422
00:33:17,664 --> 00:33:21,667
# All along the watchtower... #.
423
00:33:30,301 --> 00:33:35,055
While the new left in Berkeley
operated an acid-fuelled Chaos,
424
00:33:35,056 --> 00:33:39,101
just across the bridge in Oakland,
hip young radicals who had Come
425
00:33:39,102 --> 00:33:42,855
through the ranks of the
black freedom movement formed
426
00:33:42,856 --> 00:33:46,775
the Black Panther Party.
Like their white counterparts,
427
00:33:46,776 --> 00:33:50,988
they were into consCiousness
expansion, but not through LSD.
428
00:33:52,824 --> 00:33:55,617
# Just move on up
429
00:33:55,618 --> 00:33:57,494
# Towards your destination... #.
430
00:33:59,122 --> 00:34:02,541
So, all this is, like,
public housing projects.
431
00:34:02,542 --> 00:34:05,502
This is all black people here,
just about.
432
00:34:05,503 --> 00:34:10,883
Today, Elaine Brown runs an urban
farm just round the corner from
433
00:34:10,884 --> 00:34:13,177
the old Black Panther
office in Oakland.
434
00:34:13,178 --> 00:34:18,223
Her journey from a Childhood
of poveety in a Philadelphia ghetto
435
00:34:18,224 --> 00:34:22,978
to leadership of the BlaCk Panther
Party in California entailed
436
00:34:22,979 --> 00:34:25,230
a mind-altering shift
in consciousness.
437
00:34:25,231 --> 00:34:28,650
Well, you know,
I"ve always been blaCk!
438
00:34:28,651 --> 00:34:32,613
But I didn"t always
think of myself as black.
439
00:34:32,614 --> 00:34:35,616
I grew up in a ghetto
in noeth Philadelphia
440
00:34:35,617 --> 00:34:38,118
and I went to public sChools
441
00:34:38,119 --> 00:34:41,497
that were outside
of my immediate neighbourhood
442
00:34:41,498 --> 00:34:44,541
and that were predominantly white,
predominantly Jewish.
443
00:34:44,542 --> 00:34:47,252
And so,
I had this other view of life.
444
00:34:47,253 --> 00:34:49,046
I wanted to be white,
445
00:34:49,047 --> 00:34:51,632
like so many black people do,
but they"re not prepared to make
446
00:34:51,633 --> 00:34:52,883
that confession.
447
00:34:52,884 --> 00:34:58,389
And then, I was asked to teaCh piano
to some children in an housing
448
00:34:58,390 --> 00:35:01,225
projeCt in Los Angeles,
speCifiCally, Watts,
449
00:35:01,226 --> 00:35:05,521
which had just exploded around me,
which I didn"t notice.
450
00:35:05,522 --> 00:35:09,692
And when I got into the
Jordan Downs publiC housing projeCt,
451
00:35:09,693 --> 00:35:13,028
Chills came over me.
This was a throwback to my life
452
00:35:13,029 --> 00:35:16,865
as a really black person,
the one I had been denying.
453
00:35:16,866 --> 00:35:19,576
And when I walked into that room
and saw those little black girls
454
00:35:19,577 --> 00:35:23,622
who were six, seven, eight,
nine years old looking at me
455
00:35:23,623 --> 00:35:26,375
as though I had some kind of answer
for their poverty
456
00:35:26,376 --> 00:35:29,962
and their degradation.
I could hardly breathe,
457
00:35:29,963 --> 00:35:34,216
because I knew that I was
not going to be able to help them,
458
00:35:34,217 --> 00:35:36,677
because I knew what
they needed, because I was them.
459
00:35:36,678 --> 00:35:39,430
And I didn"t want to be them
and knew I couldn"t help them.
460
00:35:39,431 --> 00:35:42,433
But I was totally transformed
461
00:35:42,434 --> 00:35:46,562
and I left the world of whiteness
that I had been living in
462
00:35:46,563 --> 00:35:52,651
and I just walked into the Panther
office and surrendered my life
463
00:35:52,652 --> 00:35:55,779
to the revolution, as I saw it.
And I took that very seriously.
464
00:35:55,780 --> 00:35:58,532
And I take it seriously today.
465
00:35:58,533 --> 00:36:01,952
We say we will do anything,
anything at all,
466
00:36:01,953 --> 00:36:04,496
to gain our freedom
and our liberation for our people,
467
00:36:04,497 --> 00:36:07,458
for black people and for
all the oppressed AfriCan people
468
00:36:07,459 --> 00:36:08,792
and we will do anything.
469
00:36:08,793 --> 00:36:11,712
# if you love a son
where you come from
470
00:36:11,713 --> 00:36:16,925
# Then you had better dare
to seize the time
471
00:36:16,926 --> 00:36:19,928
# The time is now
Oh, seize the time
472
00:36:19,929 --> 00:36:22,264
# And do your part... #.
473
00:36:22,265 --> 00:36:24,516
The Black Panther party
was the embodiment
474
00:36:24,517 --> 00:36:27,603
of the white establishment's
nightmare...
475
00:36:27,604 --> 00:36:31,565
An armed black Marxist-Leninist
group out to overthrow
476
00:36:31,566 --> 00:36:34,234
the established order,
winning the hearts and minds
477
00:36:34,235 --> 00:36:36,904
of their youngl white,
radical Counterpaets.
478
00:36:39,282 --> 00:36:42,618
There was consciousness-raising,
of course, in the black Community.
479
00:36:42,619 --> 00:36:46,872
Everything of impoetanCe in the "60s
ultimately has to do with race.
480
00:36:46,873 --> 00:36:50,709
So, in the blaCk community, you get
the idea that you need
481
00:36:50,710 --> 00:36:53,045
to develop a liberated identity
482
00:36:53,046 --> 00:36:57,341
and aetists in the black arts
movement do preCisely that.
483
00:36:57,342 --> 00:37:00,469
They invent a new identity.
Once that happens,
484
00:37:00,470 --> 00:37:04,181
you can see how youth culture does
the same thing.
485
00:37:04,182 --> 00:37:07,601
BlaCk people drop their slave names,
hippies drop their names and take
486
00:37:07,602 --> 00:37:11,021
names like Wildflower.
You know, it"s conneCted.
487
00:37:11,022 --> 00:37:14,692
And it motivated....
It really cohered us as a group.
488
00:37:21,783 --> 00:37:24,201
In the Bay area of San Francisco,
489
00:37:24,202 --> 00:37:25,953
the pieCes were now in plaCe
490
00:37:25,954 --> 00:37:27,746
for a hippy revolution.
491
00:37:29,040 --> 00:37:32,668
The Black Panthers in Oakland,
the radical students in Berkeley...
492
00:37:34,295 --> 00:37:38,674
..and Haight-Ashbury, the old
bohemian, down-at-heel district
493
00:37:38,675 --> 00:37:43,721
of San FranCisco was being
rejuvenated by this new generation.
494
00:37:43,722 --> 00:37:45,347
It"s a Bohemian area.
495
00:37:45,348 --> 00:37:48,517
Bohemianism is alive with the left,
but it"s not the left.
496
00:37:48,518 --> 00:37:52,062
The reason it"s not the left
is it"s cultural
497
00:37:52,063 --> 00:37:53,856
as much as it"s politiCal,
498
00:37:53,857 --> 00:37:56,942
and it's individualistic
rather than collectivist.
499
00:37:56,943 --> 00:38:00,529
And without the Bohemian culture,
the left can be very authoritarian.
500
00:38:00,530 --> 00:38:03,824
But without the left,
Bohemian culture can be.
501
00:38:03,825 --> 00:38:06,577
Chaotic and sort of empty-headed.
502
00:38:06,578 --> 00:38:11,206
And we"d meet older Bohemians,
and they"d tell you about books,
503
00:38:11,207 --> 00:38:14,001
they"d tell you about
Conspiracy theories,
504
00:38:14,002 --> 00:38:16,337
they"d tell you about all
this wonderful stuff
505
00:38:16,338 --> 00:38:19,631
that they were not telling you about
in school.
506
00:38:19,632 --> 00:38:25,095
So, to me, the trunk line was
the beatniks, who were my elders,
507
00:38:25,096 --> 00:38:28,057
and folk music, also my elders,
508
00:38:28,058 --> 00:38:31,435
leading me out of suburban realities
509
00:38:31,436 --> 00:38:36,273
into another world which was
the beginning counter culture to me.
510
00:38:42,238 --> 00:38:44,907
# Got a baby Depends on me
511
00:38:44,908 --> 00:38:47,743
# I think he has me pinned
512
00:38:47,744 --> 00:38:51,789
# Cos he knows he Can sCatter
my world like a leaf in the wind. #.
513
00:38:52,832 --> 00:38:56,835
By 1 967I the streets of
the Haight were a potpourri
514
00:38:56,836 --> 00:39:00,005
of health food shops,
truth seekers and dreamers,
515
00:39:00,006 --> 00:39:03,967
folk musicl long hair
and masses of LSD.
516
00:39:08,223 --> 00:39:13,560
# And I wonder,
did the truth just pass me by? #.
517
00:39:13,561 --> 00:39:18,982
When I first landed in San FranCisco
Airpoet, it was still beatnik.
518
00:39:18,983 --> 00:39:21,694
The next time I came,
519
00:39:21,695 --> 00:39:24,488
all of a sudden,
the plaCe was paisley.
520
00:39:24,489 --> 00:39:27,991
It had changed entirely.
521
00:39:27,992 --> 00:39:29,827
# ..just pass me by
522
00:39:29,828 --> 00:39:34,081
# Did I just not see
what was right before my eyes? #.
523
00:39:37,711 --> 00:39:42,047
It was an exodus
from everywhere else.
524
00:39:42,048 --> 00:39:44,633
In San FranCisco,
like it always has been,
525
00:39:44,634 --> 00:39:47,052
it sort of funCtioned
as the fulcrum.
526
00:39:47,053 --> 00:39:49,930
You know, the turning point.
527
00:39:49,931 --> 00:39:54,351
You know, it"s like, whoosh,
you either went right baCk home
528
00:39:54,352 --> 00:39:57,187
or someplace else.
529
00:39:57,188 --> 00:39:59,648
MUSIC: White Rabbit
by Jefferson Airplane.
530
00:40:02,527 --> 00:40:05,320
The ingredients of
the hippy revolution
531
00:40:05,321 --> 00:40:07,740
had been brewing for deCades.
532
00:40:07,741 --> 00:40:09,950
SHE BREATHES DEEPLY
533
00:40:09,951 --> 00:40:13,203
And now, in Haight-Ashbury, in 1 967I
534
00:40:13,204 --> 00:40:15,581
the ideals of the three tribes...
535
00:40:15,582 --> 00:40:19,877
The nature boys, the truth seekers,
and the politicals...
536
00:40:19,878 --> 00:40:25,674
Coalesced and instantaneously
ignited into one hippy revolution.
537
00:40:25,675 --> 00:40:29,178
# One pill makes you larger... #.
538
00:40:29,179 --> 00:40:34,266
The time had now come to put the new
hippy world order into practice.
539
00:40:34,267 --> 00:40:37,686
We"re calling upon the forces of
love, not hate.
540
00:40:37,687 --> 00:40:40,272
We affirm life, love, peace
and self-discovery...
541
00:40:43,610 --> 00:40:47,154
And the young people in this country
is against war,
542
00:40:47,155 --> 00:40:51,575
is being oppressed by
police harassment and brutality.
543
00:40:51,576 --> 00:40:56,246
# And if you go chasing rabbits... #.
544
00:40:56,247 --> 00:40:58,374
We just want the freedom
to be ourself
545
00:40:58,375 --> 00:41:01,001
and that"s for love, for experience.
546
00:41:01,002 --> 00:41:02,711
A positive way of life.
547
00:41:02,712 --> 00:41:05,714
# Smoking Caterpillar... #.
548
00:41:05,715 --> 00:41:08,217
For immediate energy
from our muscles and...
549
00:41:08,218 --> 00:41:10,094
GASPING: ..relaxation.
550
00:41:10,095 --> 00:41:12,179
Now last night,
we had a big hassie here
551
00:41:12,180 --> 00:41:15,057
about who is in charge of
this house.
552
00:41:15,058 --> 00:41:18,185
We don"t want a dictator. Nobody"s
supposed to tell you what to do.
553
00:41:21,022 --> 00:41:27,236
People come here to love one another
and to be in love with each other.
554
00:41:29,280 --> 00:41:31,448
At the centre of Haight-Ashbury,
555
00:41:31,449 --> 00:41:34,535
there were a group of
radical actors and activists.
556
00:41:34,536 --> 00:41:37,371
Called The Diggers,
taking their name from
557
00:41:37,372 --> 00:41:40,374
a 1 7th-century
English Anarchist movement
558
00:41:40,375 --> 00:41:44,128
who had proposed a soCiety
without private propeety.
559
00:41:44,129 --> 00:41:47,589
There were The Diggers,
who gave away food.
560
00:41:47,590 --> 00:41:50,509
Their motto was, ""Steal from
the riCh, give to the poot'".
561
00:41:50,510 --> 00:41:53,512
They were like the Robin Hoods
of Haight-Ashbury.
562
00:41:54,931 --> 00:41:58,684
We created a free store
where we gathered up surplus
563
00:41:58,685 --> 00:42:04,523
and last year's goods and
throwaways, and everything was free.
564
00:42:04,524 --> 00:42:09,695
We would ask the question,
like...why get a job?
565
00:42:09,696 --> 00:42:15,451
Why beCome an employee so you can
make the money to become a consumer
566
00:42:15,452 --> 00:42:20,247
when we"ll give you the stuff
and you Can imagine your own life?
567
00:42:20,248 --> 00:42:22,082
It was a soCial experiment.
568
00:42:22,083 --> 00:42:25,336
What wouid happen if you walked into
a store where everything was free?
569
00:42:25,337 --> 00:42:27,838
What wouid you do?
How would you respond? You know?
570
00:42:27,839 --> 00:42:32,384
Some people stole.
This was a response.
571
00:42:32,385 --> 00:42:36,013
One day, there was a woman in
the store when I was running it,
572
00:42:36,014 --> 00:42:39,725
and I looked,
and I realised she was stealing.
573
00:42:39,726 --> 00:42:41,852
So I went up to her and I said,
574
00:42:41,853 --> 00:42:44,688
""ExCuse me, you know,
you can"t really steal in here.""
575
00:42:44,689 --> 00:42:47,649
And she got reaily indignant.
She said, ""I"m not stealing!""
576
00:42:47,650 --> 00:42:51,695
I said ""No, I know you"re not.
You can"t steal in a free store.
577
00:42:51,696 --> 00:42:54,907
""Everything is free here.
You just take what you want.""
578
00:42:54,908 --> 00:42:56,575
""You don"t have to hide it.""
579
00:42:56,576 --> 00:42:59,328
She said, ""it"s free?""
I said, ""Yeah, it's free.""
580
00:42:59,329 --> 00:43:01,622
She said,
""Then, get out of my faCe.""
581
00:43:01,623 --> 00:43:04,208
I said, ""OK.""
So I got out of her face.
582
00:43:04,209 --> 00:43:10,172
Two days later, she came baCk with
a huge tray of day-old doughnuts
583
00:43:10,173 --> 00:43:12,341
which she put on the counter.
584
00:43:12,342 --> 00:43:15,469
So this woman got a gift economy
in an instant.
585
00:43:16,930 --> 00:43:20,766
It was adveetised as
a great youth rebellion,
586
00:43:20,767 --> 00:43:25,979
but I think anybody who had any urge
for freedom and soCial Change
587
00:43:25,980 --> 00:43:28,273
was attracted to it.
588
00:43:29,693 --> 00:43:34,071
When I moved to San FranCisCo, I"m
living right by the Haight-Ashbury,
589
00:43:34,072 --> 00:43:36,407
which was the capital of
the summer of love,
590
00:43:36,408 --> 00:43:40,536
I"m running
the agit-prop truck theatre.
591
00:43:40,537 --> 00:43:44,581
THEY SING NATiONAL ANTHEM OF THE USA.
592
00:43:44,582 --> 00:43:48,752
We rented pick-up truCks,
pulled up to a parking spot,
593
00:43:48,753 --> 00:43:53,424
produce our show, that had stock
Characters that everyone knew.
594
00:43:53,425 --> 00:43:56,010
It was kind of like Punch and Judy.
595
00:43:56,011 --> 00:44:00,639
Mr Liberal came by to plant
a flower and said...
596
00:44:00,640 --> 00:44:03,434
""The authorities should regulate
the noise.""
597
00:44:03,435 --> 00:44:06,979
We"d layer onto
those different Characters.
598
00:44:06,980 --> 00:44:10,024
CariCatures of people
in the society today.
599
00:44:10,025 --> 00:44:12,276
CROWD: We want the park!
600
00:44:12,277 --> 00:44:15,320
If the police Came, we just...
601
00:44:15,321 --> 00:44:18,282
Staeted up the motor and drove off.
602
00:44:18,283 --> 00:44:22,077
It led me to be
producing anti-war shows
603
00:44:22,078 --> 00:44:27,374
because, by that time, we recognised
that there was a war in Vietnam
604
00:44:27,375 --> 00:44:30,294
and that our Country was playing
a terrible role.
605
00:44:30,295 --> 00:44:33,422
I remember Country Joe And The Fish,
606
00:44:33,423 --> 00:44:37,301
he had done the musiC
for some of my anti-war plays.
607
00:44:37,302 --> 00:44:39,887
# What are we fighting for?
608
00:44:39,888 --> 00:44:42,014
# Don"t ask me
I don"t give a damn
609
00:44:42,015 --> 00:44:44,516
# Next stop is Vietnam... #.
610
00:44:44,517 --> 00:44:48,270
We made a lot of veterans happy
and military families happy,
611
00:44:48,271 --> 00:44:50,064
and it powered a lot of people.
612
00:44:50,065 --> 00:44:53,484
# Whoopee, we"re all gonna die... #
613
00:44:53,485 --> 00:44:56,528
I can only write it because
I was a military veteran.
614
00:44:56,529 --> 00:45:00,240
There"s no blaming soldiers for war
in the song.
615
00:45:00,241 --> 00:45:02,618
It"s kind of a work song, actually...
616
00:45:02,619 --> 00:45:04,578
""Whoopee, we"re all gonna die""
617
00:45:04,579 --> 00:45:06,872
meant from
a soldier"s point of view.
618
00:45:06,873 --> 00:45:08,874
It"s GI dark humour.
619
00:45:08,875 --> 00:45:13,003
And it talks about imperialism,
and it talks about politicians
620
00:45:13,004 --> 00:45:15,547
and the working class
being exploited.
621
00:45:15,548 --> 00:45:18,300
But it also, interestingly,
blames parents
622
00:45:18,301 --> 00:45:20,386
for sending their children off.
623
00:45:20,387 --> 00:45:21,887
That was a controversial lyric...
624
00:45:21,888 --> 00:45:23,222
""Be the first one in your block
625
00:45:23,223 --> 00:45:25,432
""to have your boy come home
in a box.""
626
00:45:25,433 --> 00:45:27,267
# You can be the first ones
in your bloCk
627
00:45:27,268 --> 00:45:29,687
# To have your boy come home
in a box. #
628
00:45:34,859 --> 00:45:40,322
# Last night your shadow
fell upon my lonely room... #
629
00:45:40,323 --> 00:45:45,577
San Francisco was aflame with
protestl radical ideas and aCid.
630
00:45:45,578 --> 00:45:49,915
The AmeriCan authorities were
horrified and banned LSD.
631
00:45:49,916 --> 00:45:52,084
This had little impact,
632
00:45:52,085 --> 00:45:56,755
as many budding chemists began
manufacturing it on a mass sCale.
633
00:45:56,756 --> 00:46:01,802
Most notably, Owsley Stanley,
a Berkeley College dropout.
634
00:46:01,803 --> 00:46:05,222
When I first met Owsley,
635
00:46:05,223 --> 00:46:09,768
he had a girlfriend who had been
a Chemist.
636
00:46:11,563 --> 00:46:14,398
A major in Chemistry at UC Berkeley.
637
00:46:14,399 --> 00:46:17,359
And when he met her, he drew her in,
638
00:46:17,360 --> 00:46:23,032
and then, when he met mel
he drew me in.
639
00:46:23,033 --> 00:46:25,325
So we were a bit of a team.
640
00:46:26,995 --> 00:46:30,873
He set up this whole laboratory
641
00:46:30,874 --> 00:46:34,835
as if it were a gift to the gods
642
00:46:34,836 --> 00:46:39,131
and as if the act he was doing
was a divine act.
643
00:46:39,132 --> 00:46:41,717
And he played special music.
644
00:46:43,053 --> 00:46:47,306
And he had us all wear uniforms.
645
00:46:47,307 --> 00:46:50,976
We had to gown up
and cover our hands
646
00:46:50,977 --> 00:46:55,356
and cover our whole body,
and even boots on our shoes,
647
00:46:55,357 --> 00:46:57,024
and goggles.
648
00:46:57,025 --> 00:47:01,111
And there were no lights on.
Everything was yellow light.
649
00:47:04,616 --> 00:47:08,660
Owsley"s acid was very pure.
650
00:47:08,661 --> 00:47:13,040
He had it tested by
an organic chemist at UC Berkeley
651
00:47:13,041 --> 00:47:17,586
because Owsley feit that if
you had very pure acid
652
00:47:17,587 --> 00:47:22,508
and you took it in a conscious way
with friends,
653
00:47:22,509 --> 00:47:26,261
that you would have
a transcendent experience.
654
00:47:30,517 --> 00:47:34,853
Acid was the binding agent of
the San FrancisCo hippy scene.
655
00:47:34,854 --> 00:47:37,064
But it needed a soundtrack.
656
00:47:37,065 --> 00:47:42,194
San Francisco"s greatest LSD
advocate, the writer Ken Kesey,
657
00:47:42,195 --> 00:47:45,114
Challenged the scene's house band,
the Grateful Dead,
658
00:47:45,115 --> 00:47:46,907
to come up with one.
659
00:47:46,908 --> 00:47:50,244
# if only I knew what to find... #
660
00:47:50,245 --> 00:47:54,331
Ken Kesey hired Jerry GarCia,
who was known as a folk singer,
661
00:47:54,332 --> 00:47:57,793
to come up with the perfect kind
of musiC that would go with LSD.
662
00:47:57,794 --> 00:48:00,129
And Garcia tried classiCal music -
didn"t work.
663
00:48:00,130 --> 00:48:03,090
Tried Jazz - didn"t work.
Tried folk music - didn"t work.
664
00:48:03,091 --> 00:48:05,509
And then he discovered that
a Ceetain type of rock music
665
00:48:05,510 --> 00:48:07,094
actually would do this.
666
00:48:07,095 --> 00:48:11,140
# A friendly stranger calls my name
667
00:48:12,642 --> 00:48:16,395
# He only wants me for his game... #.
668
00:48:16,396 --> 00:48:20,274
We all brought something
very, very different to the table.
669
00:48:20,275 --> 00:48:22,985
I was mainly into avant-garde
electronic music.
670
00:48:22,986 --> 00:48:25,779
I"d already met Phil Lesh
and Jerry Garcia.
671
00:48:25,780 --> 00:48:29,366
Rock and roll music was new
to them as well.
672
00:48:29,367 --> 00:48:30,909
To Phil especialiy.
673
00:48:30,910 --> 00:48:33,662
He was as much into
the avant-garde as I was.
674
00:48:33,663 --> 00:48:38,083
And Jerry Garcia was mainly
into AppalaChian folk songs.
675
00:48:38,084 --> 00:48:42,463
And yet, because of the expansive
nature of the sCene,
676
00:48:42,464 --> 00:48:46,633
we reaChed out towards one another
and made it work.
677
00:48:46,634 --> 00:48:49,845
And what worked
worked like gangbusters.
678
00:48:49,846 --> 00:48:57,644
# I know you, rider,
gonna miss me when I'm gone... #.
679
00:49:00,899 --> 00:49:03,025
Musically, they formed
this great bridge
680
00:49:03,026 --> 00:49:05,694
between folk musiC
and improvisational jazz.
681
00:49:05,695 --> 00:49:09,073
They ceetainly benefited
from having Jerry Garcia
682
00:49:09,074 --> 00:49:12,743
at the head of the band,
because he just...
683
00:49:12,744 --> 00:49:19,833
Represented the free and easy
acid-loving jam band iife
684
00:49:19,834 --> 00:49:24,588
that a lot of their followers
Could ceetainly rally behind.
685
00:49:28,593 --> 00:49:32,471
Now, remember, there"s another
aspect here as well - the audience.
686
00:49:36,768 --> 00:49:39,937
No matter how muCh you rehearse,
when you"re there on stage,
687
00:49:39,938 --> 00:49:42,731
you"re there live,
and the action is coming at you.
688
00:49:42,732 --> 00:49:45,484
And that"s where some of
the greatest adventures occur.
689
00:49:46,486 --> 00:49:48,320
Feedback, for instance.
690
00:49:52,617 --> 00:49:56,161
I remember one time at the Avalon
where there was a feedback note.
691
00:49:56,162 --> 00:49:58,497
I think it was a high E.
692
00:49:58,498 --> 00:50:00,249
And I found it on the keyboard,
693
00:50:00,250 --> 00:50:04,336
and when the feedback note
disappeared, I was still there,
694
00:50:04,337 --> 00:50:06,338
and then I played a melody
based on that.
695
00:50:06,339 --> 00:50:08,590
So I was taking a melody
out of the feedback.
696
00:50:14,347 --> 00:50:17,725
Dead are the definition
of a hippy band.
697
00:50:19,394 --> 00:50:25,024
Even as a way of life that has
endured into the 21 st century.
698
00:50:25,025 --> 00:50:27,943
# Gonna miss your baby... #.
699
00:50:27,944 --> 00:50:31,697
The Grateful Dead gave the hippies
a sound to rally round.
700
00:50:31,698 --> 00:50:37,244
And on 1 6th June 1 967, they took
paet in a ground-breaking event
701
00:50:37,245 --> 00:50:41,457
that would see the music transform
the entire hippy sCene.
702
00:50:45,462 --> 00:50:49,340
Just six short months
after their creation,
703
00:50:49,341 --> 00:50:52,092
hippies were about to
lose their innoCenCe.
704
00:50:54,179 --> 00:50:57,264
MUSIC: Stop
by Mike Bloomfield
705
00:51:02,437 --> 00:51:07,066
1 00 miles south of the city,
in the coastal town of Monterey,
706
00:51:07,067 --> 00:51:10,152
it was decided to showcase
the San FrancisCo acts
707
00:51:10,153 --> 00:51:14,615
by staging three days of musiC
in the local spoets ground.
708
00:51:14,616 --> 00:51:18,786
This concert was the triumph of
the summer of love,
709
00:51:18,787 --> 00:51:21,372
and with some of
the biggest pop acts of the day,
710
00:51:21,373 --> 00:51:24,792
like The Who and Jimi Hendrix
also performing,
711
00:51:24,793 --> 00:51:27,461
the whole world joined the paety.
712
00:51:29,506 --> 00:51:31,340
Monterey was getting respect from
713
00:51:31,341 --> 00:51:34,968
all over the United States, and from
all over the world, you know.
714
00:51:34,969 --> 00:51:37,596
So, in my opinion,
it was the first one.
715
00:51:37,597 --> 00:51:40,057
I don"t think there"s ever
been anything like that before.
716
00:51:40,058 --> 00:51:42,184
Then, of course,
Pennebaker's movie and all that.
717
00:51:42,185 --> 00:51:45,145
We got to see The Who,
Jimi Hendrix...
718
00:51:46,940 --> 00:51:48,899
Yikes!
719
00:51:48,900 --> 00:51:53,529
And what transpired was not just
a showcase for San Francisco music,
720
00:51:53,530 --> 00:51:57,491
but the first modern roCk festival,
Monterey Pop.
721
00:51:57,492 --> 00:52:02,705
And DA Pennebaker's film ensured
the festival"s place in history.
722
00:52:07,252 --> 00:52:09,253
There were different
Contingencies there.
723
00:52:09,254 --> 00:52:11,714
It was interesting because the
English bands came.
724
00:52:11,715 --> 00:52:14,258
We had never seen them before
and the Bay Area bands,
725
00:52:14,259 --> 00:52:15,551
so it was kind of like a...
726
00:52:16,970 --> 00:52:19,972
Well, the first roCk festival,
really, wasn"t it, you know?
727
00:52:19,973 --> 00:52:26,228
That was the peak of it all and that
was the one thing that ran well,
728
00:52:26,229 --> 00:52:31,316
it was the one time that everybody
was in love with everybody else.
729
00:52:31,317 --> 00:52:33,861
# No Colours in my life
730
00:52:33,862 --> 00:52:37,448
# You know they"re turning black
731
00:52:37,449 --> 00:52:40,242
# I see people walking by
732
00:52:40,243 --> 00:52:43,495
# Dressed in their colourful Clothes
733
00:52:43,496 --> 00:52:46,457
# I see them strolling by
734
00:52:46,458 --> 00:52:48,834
# My happiness, it flows
735
00:52:49,919 --> 00:52:51,128
# No more... #.
736
00:52:51,129 --> 00:52:54,673
We got a respeCtable round of
applause.
737
00:52:54,674 --> 00:52:55,966
I was happy.
738
00:52:55,967 --> 00:52:59,386
I was happy to have been
a paet of the event. It was just...
739
00:53:00,472 --> 00:53:03,223
..marvellous!
740
00:53:03,224 --> 00:53:06,977
Along with some of the world"s
biggest bands, many of the top music
741
00:53:06,978 --> 00:53:08,187
exeCutives were there,
742
00:53:08,188 --> 00:53:11,023
scouting for San FrancisCan acts
to sign.
743
00:53:12,275 --> 00:53:15,444
# By my window
744
00:53:15,445 --> 00:53:17,738
# Just looking out
745
00:53:17,739 --> 00:53:21,158
# At the rain. #.
746
00:53:21,159 --> 00:53:25,913
After Monterey, Janis Joplin"s life
would never be the same again.
747
00:53:25,914 --> 00:53:27,748
# Mm...oh!
748
00:53:27,749 --> 00:53:32,378
# Sitting down by my window
749
00:53:32,379 --> 00:53:35,005
# Just looking out
750
00:53:35,006 --> 00:53:38,300
# At the rain. #.
751
00:53:38,301 --> 00:53:41,679
The organisers were trying to
showcase the San Francisco sound
752
00:53:41,680 --> 00:53:43,847
and so Janis Joplin really became
753
00:53:43,848 --> 00:53:46,809
a superstar and got the record
Contract with CBS Records as
754
00:53:46,810 --> 00:53:48,560
a result of her performanCes,
755
00:53:48,561 --> 00:53:51,605
which are some of the best
performances of her entire career,
756
00:53:51,606 --> 00:53:53,065
at the Monterey Pop Festival.
757
00:53:55,026 --> 00:53:59,905
SHE SINGS
758
00:53:59,906 --> 00:54:02,783
Before that, nobody paid much
attention to her, you know?
759
00:54:02,784 --> 00:54:06,078
It was like she was with this band
that wasn"t always in tune.
760
00:54:06,079 --> 00:54:08,914
One day, everybody was
kicking her ass,
761
00:54:08,915 --> 00:54:10,749
and the next day,
they were kissing it.
762
00:54:10,750 --> 00:54:12,750
SHE SINGS
763
00:54:22,137 --> 00:54:26,348
Monterey was music and acid,
and business and fun,
764
00:54:26,349 --> 00:54:29,601
and all aspects of the San Francisco
hippie revolution were
765
00:54:29,602 --> 00:54:31,478
represented there.
766
00:54:31,479 --> 00:54:34,314
Even the original nature boyl
Gypsy Boots,
767
00:54:34,315 --> 00:54:38,318
the pioneering proto-hippie from
the 1 950s, got the gig as the
768
00:54:38,319 --> 00:54:40,779
festival"s official gardener.
769
00:54:40,780 --> 00:54:43,615
While Owsley, the underground
Chemist,
770
00:54:43,616 --> 00:54:47,911
arrived on site with a batch of acid
speCially made for the event.
771
00:54:49,956 --> 00:54:54,668
We made a batCh for
Monterey Pop Festival in 1 967.
772
00:54:55,754 --> 00:55:01,342
And I"d say we"d make 1 00,000 hits,
that was the most we had ever made.
773
00:55:01,343 --> 00:55:06,055
Well, I took this new psychedelic
that Owsley had invented called.
774
00:55:06,056 --> 00:55:10,225
STP, so everything was like
a Monet painting to me.
775
00:55:10,226 --> 00:55:15,564
It was blurred, kind of heightened
pastels or something.
776
00:55:19,903 --> 00:55:23,030
When we went on stage to play,
I was pretty high then.
777
00:55:25,200 --> 00:55:31,038
When you see our excerpt,
of playing seCtion 43 in the film by.
778
00:55:31,039 --> 00:55:34,124
Pennebaker,
you hear the bass going...
779
00:55:34,125 --> 00:55:37,294
HE BELLOWS
780
00:55:40,507 --> 00:55:43,217
HE CONTiNUES BELLOWiNG.
781
00:55:43,218 --> 00:55:44,885
Which we"d never heard before.
782
00:55:44,886 --> 00:55:48,138
That was the only time that kind of
a sound had ever Come out of
783
00:55:48,139 --> 00:55:50,265
that bass during that composition.
784
00:55:54,646 --> 00:55:58,315
# People try to put us down... #.
785
00:55:58,316 --> 00:56:00,818
That was the first time
I had seen The Who.
786
00:56:00,819 --> 00:56:04,405
I couldn"t understand why they broke
their instruments. That was...
787
00:56:04,406 --> 00:56:05,489
Wacky.
788
00:56:09,285 --> 00:56:12,246
The Who smashed up their
instruments,
789
00:56:12,247 --> 00:56:17,001
kicked the drum kits over,
bombs went off, smoke everywhere.
790
00:56:17,002 --> 00:56:19,128
People were scared shitless,
you know?
791
00:56:19,129 --> 00:56:20,546
# Wild thing... #.
792
00:56:22,340 --> 00:56:26,427
When Jimi did it,
he did vietually the same thing!
793
00:56:26,428 --> 00:56:28,429
But it was so different.
794
00:56:36,146 --> 00:56:38,188
It was like, you know, he...
795
00:56:38,189 --> 00:56:41,608
Gasoline on the guitar, lit it.
796
00:56:44,863 --> 00:56:50,159
And then down on his knees, it was
like it was a soul saCrifiCe.
797
00:56:50,160 --> 00:56:52,119
In his long, groovy fingers
798
00:56:52,120 --> 00:56:54,121
were dancing over the fire.
799
00:56:58,918 --> 00:57:03,339
After Monterey, everybody now wanted
to go to San Francisco,
800
00:57:03,340 --> 00:57:05,299
the coolest city on the planet.
801
00:57:06,634 --> 00:57:10,971
But in this moment of triumphl
outside forces were already
802
00:57:10,972 --> 00:57:14,016
mobilising to threaten the
hippie idyll.
803
00:57:14,017 --> 00:57:17,853
Commerce, in the shape of the record
Companies, was about to enter
804
00:57:17,854 --> 00:57:19,730
the Haight-Ashbury potpourri
805
00:57:19,731 --> 00:57:22,191
to challenge the hippie ideal of
freedom.
806
00:57:27,197 --> 00:57:30,491
The violenCe of Hendrix"s
performance captured in the.
807
00:57:30,492 --> 00:57:34,078
Monterey Pop film was emblematic
of the turmoil
808
00:57:34,079 --> 00:57:37,331
happening outside the conceet
gates that same month.
809
00:57:39,167 --> 00:57:43,796
AmeriCa"s inner Cities were burning,
revolution was in the air,
810
00:57:43,797 --> 00:57:47,633
and the anti-Vietnam war protests
reached critical mass.
811
00:57:47,634 --> 00:57:51,512
I will say directly,
no, I will not go.
812
00:57:51,513 --> 00:57:53,013
CROWD CHANTS
813
00:57:53,014 --> 00:57:55,599
AmeriCa"s youth was deClaring war.
814
00:57:57,936 --> 00:58:01,563
In the next programme, we will see
how the state fought baCk.
815
00:58:04,025 --> 00:58:07,611
The Hippie Movement, like any other
extreme action on the part of
816
00:58:07,612 --> 00:58:09,405
people, it will die a natural death.
817
00:58:10,699 --> 00:58:15,911
And how the dark forces that lay beneath
the Summer of Love broke cover.
818
00:58:15,912 --> 00:58:19,248
The atrocities that have yet to
surfaCe from women"s
819
00:58:19,249 --> 00:58:23,627
treatment by the rural Hippie
Movement are considerable.
820
00:58:24,963 --> 00:58:30,217
So, turn on, tune in and watch out.
821
00:58:30,218 --> 00:58:31,802
# Wild thing
822
00:58:34,597 --> 00:58:37,224
# You make my heaet sing
823
00:58:40,270 --> 00:58:44,064
# You make everything groovy
824
00:58:46,276 --> 00:58:49,111
# Hey, wild thing
825
00:58:51,031 --> 00:58:53,699
# Yeah! Wild thing
826
00:58:55,910 --> 00:58:59,204
# Yay! Yeah, wild thing. #73717
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