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In April 1945, Soviet director
Yuri Reisman makes a film
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about the end of
the so-called Third Reich.
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He has 38 Red Army
cameramen at his disposal.
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00:00:25,760 --> 00:00:28,320
The title of the film - Berlin.
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00:00:29,400 --> 00:00:33,160
The liberation of the city by
the Red Army is being documented.
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It begins on April 16th
at the Oder with the battle
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of the Seelow Heights,
70km outside of Berlin.
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16 days later, the city is conquered
and the red flag is blowing
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in the wind over the Reichstag.
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00:00:55,080 --> 00:00:58,520
On May 8th, Germany signs
its unconditional surrender.
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00:01:00,600 --> 00:01:04,800
War in Germany is over,
Joseph Goebbels is found dead,
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Adolf Hitler's fate remains unknown.
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00:01:09,720 --> 00:01:12,840
Over two million people
are still living in Berlin -
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00:01:12,840 --> 00:01:16,360
men and women, young and old,
guilty and innocent.
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Soon, only diaries and memories,
files and pictures, ashes and dust
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00:01:24,800 --> 00:01:27,000
remain to tell the tales
of their city.
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TRANSLATION: May 9th, Wednesday.
We all had to show
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up with buckets to clear
the barricades at the church.
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It was a lot of work and
the Russians were keeping watch.
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We are supposed to hand in
our radios or we'll be punished.
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00:02:03,040 --> 00:02:05,920
And not just our radios,
but cameras too.
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00:02:13,640 --> 00:02:16,240
After lunch, I went
to the firm with Mum.
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00:02:16,240 --> 00:02:18,720
Out of habit, I stupidly
greeted colleagues
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00:02:18,720 --> 00:02:20,880
in the yard with "heil Hitler".
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00:02:31,600 --> 00:02:36,200
TRANSLATION: The Reichstag is a
huge, dark building, not pretty.
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00:02:36,200 --> 00:02:38,760
The inside is a mass of
brick and iron.
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00:02:40,520 --> 00:02:43,080
In one of the city halls,
there was a huge throne
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with a portrait of the
Kaiser on the back.
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I had my picture taken
in the chair.
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The walls were covered in countless
writings of our victorious Russian
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00:02:52,880 --> 00:02:55,160
soldiers and officers.
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00:02:57,160 --> 00:02:59,440
Here, there were soldiers
from Stalingrad.
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00:02:59,440 --> 00:03:01,640
One from Smolensk stood here.
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00:03:01,640 --> 00:03:04,600
We're in the Reichstag,
everything is OK.
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00:03:10,640 --> 00:03:12,920
TRANSLATION: Close to
Hitler's Chancellery,
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00:03:12,920 --> 00:03:14,640
next to his personal bunker,
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00:03:14,640 --> 00:03:18,560
two bodies were discovered -
one male, one female.
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The corpses are badly burnt and
it is impossible to identify them
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00:03:22,600 --> 00:03:24,720
without further information.
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00:03:34,960 --> 00:03:37,240
TRANSLATION: We can say that the man
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00:03:37,240 --> 00:03:41,760
is between 50 and 60
years old, 1.65m tall.
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00:03:41,760 --> 00:03:45,600
The body is charred and
smells of burnt meat.
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00:03:45,600 --> 00:03:49,960
The glass splinters in his mouth
suggest he used a thin vial.
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TRANSLATION: Experts remove
the teeth and lower jaw.
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00:03:59,280 --> 00:04:01,520
His teeth are surprisingly intact.
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00:04:05,000 --> 00:04:07,760
Dr Blaschke had a
private dental practice
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00:04:07,760 --> 00:04:12,000
at number 230 in Kudamm. He was
Hitler's personal dentist
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00:04:12,000 --> 00:04:13,320
from 1932 onwards.
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00:04:14,440 --> 00:04:16,040
His assistant, Kathe Heusermann,
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00:04:16,040 --> 00:04:18,200
was the only person we
could find there.
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00:04:18,200 --> 00:04:21,280
She knew and remembered
all the important details
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00:04:21,280 --> 00:04:22,800
about Hitler's teeth.
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00:04:29,280 --> 00:04:31,440
I held the dental bridge
in my hand,
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00:04:31,440 --> 00:04:33,840
I looked for irrefutable evidence.
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00:04:33,840 --> 00:04:38,120
I immediately found it, took a
deep breath and burst out,
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"These are the teeth
of Adolf Hitler."
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00:04:53,760 --> 00:04:57,800
TRANSLATION: I went to the
Russian Kommandantur.
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00:04:57,800 --> 00:05:00,880
It's incredibly difficult to find
someone who understands you there.
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00:05:00,880 --> 00:05:04,760
They couldn't believe there
were still Jews in Berlin.
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00:05:04,760 --> 00:05:07,600
I managed to get permission
to move back into our flat.
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00:05:15,480 --> 00:05:19,600
Yesterday, I went to the
Jewish hospital in Schulstrasse.
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00:05:19,600 --> 00:05:22,720
The kids had been there last
year but were taken away again.
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00:05:22,720 --> 00:05:25,000
I was told they were
taken to Auschwitz.
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00:05:25,000 --> 00:05:27,600
I want to maintain my
strength for all of you
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00:05:27,600 --> 00:05:30,880
until you are with me.
I will not surrender hope.
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00:05:38,000 --> 00:05:40,880
This Friday, we had our first
public service in the small
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00:05:40,880 --> 00:05:43,040
synagogue of the Jewish hospital.
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00:05:43,040 --> 00:05:45,920
I gave the sermon, but I couldn't
speak much because the room
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00:05:45,920 --> 00:05:48,760
was filled with crying and sobbing.
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00:05:50,560 --> 00:05:54,400
Only now did the reality sink in
of just how many were missing.
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00:06:08,640 --> 00:06:10,520
TRANSLATION: May 13th.
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00:06:10,520 --> 00:06:12,840
The town mayor, Berzarin,
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00:06:12,840 --> 00:06:17,040
was introduced to the members of the
first post-war magistrate of Berlin.
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00:06:17,040 --> 00:06:21,600
The independent anti-fascist Dr
Arthur Werner was selected as mayor.
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00:06:25,920 --> 00:06:28,000
TRANSLATION: In a classically
Saxon accent,
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00:06:28,000 --> 00:06:30,600
Ulbricht explained to us, "It needs
a semblance of democracy.
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00:06:30,600 --> 00:06:32,520
"We must retain control
of everything".
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00:06:35,720 --> 00:06:38,640
Later, Erpenbeck rushed into
my room. He is supposed to write
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00:06:38,640 --> 00:06:40,920
text for my radio announcement,
he tells me.
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00:06:40,920 --> 00:06:43,160
We had the newest Pravda
figures in front of us,
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00:06:43,160 --> 00:06:47,160
which we translated into news with
anti-fascist democratic demeanour.
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00:06:52,440 --> 00:06:54,440
RADIO, TRANSLATED:
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We are now on Moscow time - the
clocks were set two hours ahead.
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00:07:52,480 --> 00:07:55,360
TRANSLATION: The first German
newspaper has been published,
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00:07:55,360 --> 00:07:57,160
but it's difficult to
get hold of a copy.
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00:08:22,720 --> 00:08:25,040
TRANSLATION: Page one contains a
message from Stalin,
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00:08:25,040 --> 00:08:27,400
also announcements from the
Soviet military command,
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00:08:27,400 --> 00:08:30,440
including food rations
per person, per day.
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00:08:30,440 --> 00:08:33,560
People in artistic professions
are to receive the same amount
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00:08:33,560 --> 00:08:35,240
as heavy-duty workers.
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00:08:36,240 --> 00:08:40,760
600g of bread, 100g of meat,
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00:08:40,760 --> 00:08:42,760
one portion of potatoes.
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00:08:42,760 --> 00:08:46,640
Also each month, 100g of coffee,
20g of tea.
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00:08:46,640 --> 00:08:49,760
My housekeeper wonders whether
all of this will be in the shops.
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00:08:58,080 --> 00:09:01,320
Hundreds of people are
queuing in Reichsstrasse.
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00:09:01,320 --> 00:09:03,520
A kind of camp
life has emerged.
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00:09:03,520 --> 00:09:06,560
Three quarters of the people
waiting are sitting in chairs.
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00:09:06,560 --> 00:09:09,120
Many women are knitting
or mending socks.
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00:09:09,120 --> 00:09:11,320
Some, like me, are reading.
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00:09:18,040 --> 00:09:20,000
TRANSLATION: For lunch,
we had horse meat.
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00:09:20,000 --> 00:09:21,360
It was very tasty.
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00:09:26,720 --> 00:09:28,360
May 17th.
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00:09:28,360 --> 00:09:30,200
Listened to the radio at Schops
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00:09:30,200 --> 00:09:32,280
and went to the store at 10am.
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00:09:32,280 --> 00:09:34,880
A few of us girls were there today.
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00:09:34,880 --> 00:09:37,440
Charlotte Henning was
raped several times
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00:09:37,440 --> 00:09:39,320
and Edith Gasenza five times.
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00:09:41,160 --> 00:09:43,680
We all described our experiences.
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00:09:47,800 --> 00:09:50,960
TRANSLATION: I'm now trying to
acquire gynaecological instruments
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00:09:50,960 --> 00:09:53,960
to be able to perform
all necessary examinations.
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00:09:53,960 --> 00:09:56,800
The results for
gonorrhoea are horrifying.
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00:09:56,800 --> 00:10:00,040
Just today, I examined a 15-year-old
girl who'd been infected.
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00:10:01,120 --> 00:10:04,520
In the afternoon, my friend Ruth
came with her daughter.
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00:10:04,520 --> 00:10:06,040
Four Russians.
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00:10:06,040 --> 00:10:09,640
Swab inconclusive
but certainly antibiotics.
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00:10:09,640 --> 00:10:12,160
This is what you protect
your child for.
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00:10:32,880 --> 00:10:35,960
Suddenly, an order came through for
all foreigners to leave Berlin,
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00:10:35,960 --> 00:10:37,800
they were to leave immediately.
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00:10:37,800 --> 00:10:41,080
I made the final decision to leave
the city by bicycle or on foot
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00:10:41,080 --> 00:10:42,920
at the repatriation committee.
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00:10:42,920 --> 00:10:45,000
I was pretty much the only one.
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00:10:45,000 --> 00:10:47,840
None of the French guys
who were there with me agreed.
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00:10:47,840 --> 00:10:50,800
In the morning,
I left Berlin by bicycle.
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00:11:01,040 --> 00:11:02,640
TRANSLATION: Farewell, Berlin,
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00:11:02,640 --> 00:11:05,120
a city of misfortune and
tristesse.
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00:11:05,120 --> 00:11:08,240
We took the motorway towards
Magdeburg by truck.
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00:11:08,240 --> 00:11:10,200
Ten minutes later,
we had crossed the Elbe
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00:11:10,200 --> 00:11:12,600
and arrived with the Americans.
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00:11:12,600 --> 00:11:17,120
The loudspeakers announced,
"On Sunday, you will be in France."
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00:11:17,120 --> 00:11:19,680
I can't quite process it yet.
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00:11:19,680 --> 00:11:23,200
I will only wake from this
nightmare when I'm standing amongst
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00:11:23,200 --> 00:11:24,960
French-speaking civilians.
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00:11:32,120 --> 00:11:35,280
TRANSLATION: One afternoon,
someone knocked on my door.
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00:11:35,280 --> 00:11:37,160
Two young Jewish girls wearing
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00:11:37,160 --> 00:11:39,800
concentration camp clothing
were standing there.
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00:11:39,800 --> 00:11:43,000
They told me they'd just arrived
from the concentration camp Stutthof
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00:11:43,000 --> 00:11:44,560
with 30 other Jews.
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00:11:44,560 --> 00:11:47,720
We immediately went down the
street with two trolleys
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00:11:47,720 --> 00:11:49,320
to take them all upstairs.
140
00:11:56,320 --> 00:11:58,520
TRANSLATION: When I saw Berlin for
the first time,
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00:11:58,520 --> 00:12:01,160
destroyed and broken, I didn't feel
pity for the Germans,
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00:12:01,160 --> 00:12:04,560
only bitterness and resentment
against the people who caused us
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00:12:04,560 --> 00:12:06,680
such unbearable suffering.
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00:12:06,680 --> 00:12:07,920
They deserve it.
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00:12:23,600 --> 00:12:27,680
I met a Mr David, who had
walked back from Auschwitz.
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00:12:27,680 --> 00:12:30,880
He told me that the kids are
almost certainly still alive
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00:12:30,880 --> 00:12:33,440
because they only
arrived last September
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00:12:33,440 --> 00:12:36,840
and they had hardly killed
any children since then.
149
00:12:38,680 --> 00:12:41,080
Schatze, it's a horrible thought.
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00:12:41,080 --> 00:12:44,080
They killed children,
and maybe mine are among them.
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00:13:08,200 --> 00:13:10,120
Mr Scheppes came upstairs and said
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00:13:10,120 --> 00:13:13,840
that, starting tomorrow, all members
of the party had to report for work.
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00:13:13,840 --> 00:13:17,720
Apparently, we start at
6am in Christburger Strasse.
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00:13:17,720 --> 00:13:20,360
If it's only work,
it's certainly bearable.
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00:13:20,360 --> 00:13:23,680
But there's a lot of talk
of deportation and detention.
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00:13:23,680 --> 00:13:27,200
The time has come to do penance
for my affiliation with the party.
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00:13:38,400 --> 00:13:40,520
TRANSLATION: A lady appeared
and insisted
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00:13:40,520 --> 00:13:43,320
that my husband accompany
her to the Kommandantur.
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00:13:43,320 --> 00:13:45,440
He has been missing ever since.
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00:13:47,000 --> 00:13:49,920
My husband is 71 years old and
has trouble with his bladder.
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00:13:49,920 --> 00:13:51,600
He was a member of the party,
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00:13:51,600 --> 00:13:54,000
but never actively
involved in anything.
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00:13:58,880 --> 00:14:02,160
TRANSLATION: The yard of the
Kommandantur was full of Russians.
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00:14:02,160 --> 00:14:04,400
Two officers came in
through the gateway.
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00:14:04,400 --> 00:14:08,360
As they walked past me, one said to
the other, "Shot in the neck."
166
00:14:11,960 --> 00:14:14,360
One Russian started
emptying my bags.
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00:14:14,360 --> 00:14:17,440
The only thing he didn't take was
my spoon and a handkerchief.
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00:14:17,440 --> 00:14:19,840
Then he pointed to the cellar room.
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00:14:19,840 --> 00:14:21,680
The floor was full of
sleeping people.
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00:14:35,600 --> 00:14:37,680
TRANSLATION: Suddenly, everyone gave
a Jew
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00:14:37,680 --> 00:14:41,000
at least two loaves of bread,
or 10 lbs of potatoes once.
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00:14:41,000 --> 00:14:42,560
Somewhere, sometime.
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00:14:42,560 --> 00:14:44,320
Everyone listened to foreign radio.
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00:14:44,320 --> 00:14:46,280
Everyone supported the persecuted.
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00:14:46,280 --> 00:14:49,000
Tales of awesome heroics
are coming to light.
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00:14:51,120 --> 00:14:53,920
The bigger the fear, the
more ridiculous the excuse.
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00:15:02,800 --> 00:15:05,400
Carried debris to
the mountain of rubble
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00:15:05,400 --> 00:15:09,200
in Jablonskistrasse at six
in the morning - row of buckets.
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00:15:09,200 --> 00:15:10,720
We had to work very hard.
180
00:15:11,720 --> 00:15:13,440
I was there with Lotti Martin.
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00:15:13,440 --> 00:15:16,240
She was there because her father
had been a party member.
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00:15:17,760 --> 00:15:21,280
I was home at 10pm.
That's 16 hours of hard work.
183
00:15:21,280 --> 00:15:24,160
If it goes on like this,
many of the women
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00:15:24,160 --> 00:15:26,200
won't be able to continue.
185
00:15:26,200 --> 00:15:29,200
It's dreadful how us Germans
have to demean ourselves.
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00:15:48,320 --> 00:15:50,120
Are the Americans coming or not?
187
00:15:50,120 --> 00:15:53,080
Will they divide Berlin
or leave it to the Russians?
188
00:15:55,080 --> 00:15:57,920
"Who is even in charge?"
I ask Endrich.
189
00:15:57,920 --> 00:15:59,320
He shrugs.
190
00:15:59,320 --> 00:16:01,000
"Whoever's turn it happens to be."
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00:16:13,200 --> 00:16:15,560
Today, the papers show how Germany
will be divided.
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00:16:15,560 --> 00:16:19,560
The English, Americans, French and
Russians are coming to Berlin.
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00:16:22,080 --> 00:16:25,000
Berlin will have a government
made up of four powers.
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00:16:25,000 --> 00:16:29,280
The Americans, British, French
and Russians will have to agree
195
00:16:29,280 --> 00:16:32,480
on every detail soon,
from education to food sharing.
196
00:16:35,680 --> 00:16:37,760
Theoretically, there
should only be problems
197
00:16:37,760 --> 00:16:39,240
with the German population.
198
00:16:52,640 --> 00:16:55,480
It's hot in Berlin, each day
is hotter than the last,
199
00:16:55,480 --> 00:16:58,240
and June heat smoulders
over the city.
200
00:16:58,240 --> 00:17:01,960
Under the thin layers of
dust, the dead are moving.
201
00:17:01,960 --> 00:17:05,640
The scent of their dying hangs
in the air like a toxic cloud.
202
00:17:05,640 --> 00:17:09,800
The fumes wafting up from
Landwehrkanal are so unbearable
203
00:17:09,800 --> 00:17:12,720
that passers-by have to hold
a handkerchief to their nose.
204
00:17:32,440 --> 00:17:34,440
At lunchtime - three children who'd
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00:17:34,440 --> 00:17:36,360
been badly injured by hand grenades
206
00:17:36,360 --> 00:17:38,040
while playing among the ruins.
207
00:17:38,040 --> 00:17:40,520
I had to splint, bandage and stitch.
208
00:17:43,920 --> 00:17:47,880
Since noon yesterday, we've had
some water in the boiler room.
209
00:17:47,880 --> 00:17:49,680
Nice clean water.
210
00:17:49,680 --> 00:17:53,720
And as of 5.30pm today,
we have electricity.
211
00:17:56,160 --> 00:17:59,560
We're like children, always
switching the light on and off.
212
00:17:59,560 --> 00:18:01,760
You're no longer stumbling
around in the dark.
213
00:18:01,760 --> 00:18:04,040
You can see each
other while talking.
214
00:18:04,040 --> 00:18:07,320
Plans are being developed for a
European Cultural Association -
215
00:18:07,320 --> 00:18:10,480
exhibitions, theatre, lectures.
216
00:18:10,480 --> 00:18:12,640
We've never been as
hopeful as we are today.
217
00:18:17,560 --> 00:18:19,800
Concert in our school.
218
00:18:19,800 --> 00:18:23,360
MUSIC: Lied Der Nachtigall
by Erna Berga and Sein Orchester
219
00:18:23,360 --> 00:18:26,520
The Philharmonic Orchestra
played and Mrs Erna Berga sang.
220
00:18:30,680 --> 00:18:32,520
There were many familiar faces.
221
00:18:32,520 --> 00:18:35,120
Some guys had even dressed up again.
222
00:18:35,120 --> 00:18:36,800
It was a wonderful night.
223
00:18:42,480 --> 00:18:44,440
The first perm in a long time.
224
00:18:55,080 --> 00:18:57,040
June 16th, Saturday.
225
00:18:57,040 --> 00:18:59,600
There's a Nazi
special operation today.
226
00:18:59,600 --> 00:19:03,040
At 7am, we were standing in rank
and file like convicts.
227
00:19:05,280 --> 00:19:09,120
A youth leader came and told
everyone under 20 to step forward
228
00:19:09,120 --> 00:19:11,560
to receive their youth assignment.
229
00:19:12,680 --> 00:19:16,560
Later, two young men showed
up and collected the work cards.
230
00:19:16,560 --> 00:19:19,400
Mine still had a big N on
it and Horst said,
231
00:19:19,400 --> 00:19:21,120
"We have no use for Nazis."
232
00:19:22,560 --> 00:19:25,720
But the youth leader said that it
was all how it was supposed to be
233
00:19:25,720 --> 00:19:27,840
and I could get a different card.
234
00:19:27,840 --> 00:19:31,200
I should just go home and
report back at 2pm.
235
00:19:31,200 --> 00:19:33,880
Then I should go to a meeting
of the anti-fascist youth
236
00:19:33,880 --> 00:19:35,400
and write a protocol.
237
00:20:04,480 --> 00:20:08,080
On June 30th, I was ordered to drop
all my plans and head to Berlin.
238
00:20:14,960 --> 00:20:16,960
Instead of wasting time
on an orderly start,
239
00:20:16,960 --> 00:20:20,000
we grabbed our hats and hurried
down the Autobahn on July 1st
240
00:20:20,000 --> 00:20:21,880
as if the Cossacks were
right behind us.
241
00:20:35,480 --> 00:20:38,800
Russian officers in old confiscated
vehicles rushed up and down
242
00:20:38,800 --> 00:20:40,200
our column to check us.
243
00:20:41,960 --> 00:20:43,920
Some wanted a victory toast with us.
244
00:20:43,920 --> 00:20:46,560
Others acted like
little commissars.
245
00:20:51,280 --> 00:20:54,160
We reached Berlin late afternoon.
246
00:20:54,160 --> 00:20:57,160
The Russians had not allowed us
to view our sectors beforehand.
247
00:20:57,160 --> 00:20:59,760
Nobody knew exactly where to go.
248
00:20:59,760 --> 00:21:03,240
Hundreds of officers and soldiers
were looking for places to stay.
249
00:21:11,880 --> 00:21:16,040
RADIO: Hello, BBC, this is Richard
Dimbleby speaking from Berlin.
250
00:21:17,120 --> 00:21:20,640
The official Allied occupation
of Berlin has begun.
251
00:21:20,640 --> 00:21:25,000
The United States'
2nd Armored Division is entering
252
00:21:25,000 --> 00:21:27,240
the American zone of the city today.
253
00:21:28,320 --> 00:21:31,680
This is the first
BBC broadcast from Berlin.
254
00:21:40,240 --> 00:21:43,720
At Reichstrasse, many tanks
with white stars drove past us.
255
00:21:43,720 --> 00:21:47,080
Suddenly one tank
pulls up at the kerb.
256
00:21:47,080 --> 00:21:49,000
A soldier leans out and asks,
257
00:21:49,000 --> 00:21:51,600
"Excuse me, how do we get
to Grunewald?"
258
00:21:55,200 --> 00:21:58,600
We reached Gruneweld with field
equipment, helmets and rucksacks.
259
00:22:02,800 --> 00:22:05,000
We set up our vehicles in
a circle under the trees,
260
00:22:05,000 --> 00:22:06,680
like in the prairie
in the olden days.
261
00:22:22,840 --> 00:22:25,480
In the new Antifa office,
work is fun.
262
00:22:25,480 --> 00:22:27,840
It feels like they want
the same thing as the Nazis,
263
00:22:27,840 --> 00:22:29,600
just under a different name.
264
00:22:29,600 --> 00:22:31,440
There are the same expectations,
265
00:22:31,440 --> 00:22:33,640
the same manners of speaking.
266
00:22:33,640 --> 00:22:36,920
The young people, they say,
are working best.
267
00:22:36,920 --> 00:22:40,440
The ones that are most suited
to become team leaders are usually
268
00:22:40,440 --> 00:22:42,240
the Hitler Youth leaders.
269
00:22:52,600 --> 00:22:55,000
It got serious on July 4th.
270
00:22:55,000 --> 00:22:58,280
Outside of the former
Adolf Hitler SS Barracks,
271
00:22:58,280 --> 00:22:59,800
now the McNair Barracks,
272
00:22:59,800 --> 00:23:01,960
the Russians moved in
with two companies.
273
00:23:01,960 --> 00:23:04,520
MUSIC: Soviet National Anthem
274
00:23:07,760 --> 00:23:10,640
When we saw them, we also
positioned two companies there,
275
00:23:10,640 --> 00:23:12,400
along with a row of Sherman tanks.
276
00:23:12,400 --> 00:23:14,600
MUSIC: US National Anthem
277
00:23:14,600 --> 00:23:16,240
Their artillery fire to salute.
278
00:23:18,120 --> 00:23:20,280
Our artillery responded.
279
00:23:40,000 --> 00:23:45,400
I want to greet the American Allied
forces in the name of the commandant
280
00:23:45,400 --> 00:23:48,880
of the city of Berlin and in the
name of the Soviet forces.
281
00:23:50,840 --> 00:23:52,560
MUSIC: US National Anthem
282
00:23:58,600 --> 00:24:02,360
The next day, Colonel Howley
sent his men to the town halls,
283
00:24:02,360 --> 00:24:05,720
raised our flag and instructed
the Germans that from now on
284
00:24:05,720 --> 00:24:08,520
they would be taking their
orders from the Americans.
285
00:24:15,000 --> 00:24:17,800
Mum had to be at
Mrs Schwiering's at half past seven.
286
00:24:17,800 --> 00:24:20,960
They have established an officer's
casino in the big villa
287
00:24:20,960 --> 00:24:22,840
at Harnackstrasse.
288
00:24:22,840 --> 00:24:25,760
Mrs Schwiering speaks
English fluently.
289
00:24:28,000 --> 00:24:31,440
Mum brought wonderful things
we haven't seen in six years.
290
00:24:36,320 --> 00:24:38,600
If ever the fate of Berlin had hung
by a thread,
291
00:24:38,600 --> 00:24:42,000
it was on July 7th at
the meeting with Zhukov.
292
00:24:43,640 --> 00:24:47,160
He brusquely announced, "And
now, gentlemen, let us discuss
293
00:24:47,160 --> 00:24:50,520
"the question of how you intend to
supply Berlin with food and coal."
294
00:24:53,040 --> 00:24:56,520
An icy wind from the steps
swept through the room.
295
00:25:01,360 --> 00:25:03,280
Zhukov insisted.
296
00:25:03,280 --> 00:25:06,960
He said that there was not only
a food shortage in East Germany,
297
00:25:06,960 --> 00:25:10,480
but also in the Soviet Union
and that the Soviet administration
298
00:25:10,480 --> 00:25:12,280
could no longer feed the whole city.
299
00:25:20,000 --> 00:25:22,200
TRANSLATION: In the beginning,
we were expecting
300
00:25:22,200 --> 00:25:25,160
just over two million Berliners
and printed the respective number
301
00:25:25,160 --> 00:25:26,760
of food ration cards.
302
00:25:28,800 --> 00:25:30,640
But soon the situation evolved.
303
00:25:30,640 --> 00:25:34,080
Men, women and children from all
over poured into the capital
304
00:25:34,080 --> 00:25:35,520
and we had to print new cards.
305
00:25:43,600 --> 00:25:46,960
Berlin was the transit point
for all refugee transports,
306
00:25:46,960 --> 00:25:50,520
even though the Allied Kommandatura
had locked down the city.
307
00:25:50,520 --> 00:25:55,520
In July, 500,000 refugees arrived
in or were moved through Berlin.
308
00:26:28,000 --> 00:26:31,360
TRANSLATION: We have arrived
at Stettin train station,
309
00:26:31,360 --> 00:26:33,520
the end of the line,
completely bombed out.
310
00:26:33,520 --> 00:26:36,880
You can only see the sky, rubble,
and people, people, people.
311
00:26:38,680 --> 00:26:40,920
Refugees, all drifters like us.
312
00:26:42,480 --> 00:26:43,880
Who should welcome us?
313
00:26:45,520 --> 00:26:48,520
One Berliner said, "There's
still space next to that burnt-out
314
00:26:48,520 --> 00:26:51,120
"station wall over there.
You can lie down there."
315
00:26:54,680 --> 00:26:57,440
TRANSLATION: Red Cross nurses showed
316
00:26:57,440 --> 00:26:59,640
us to the camp where
we were to be housed.
317
00:26:59,640 --> 00:27:02,160
Soon, we stood in front of the
surface air raid shelter
318
00:27:02,160 --> 00:27:04,520
and they said, "Here, you can stay."
319
00:27:04,520 --> 00:27:06,080
Then they sent us away to wash.
320
00:27:09,680 --> 00:27:12,160
TRANSLATION: Lice were like
humans' pets at the time.
321
00:27:12,160 --> 00:27:14,880
We had to go for delousing
repeatedly.
322
00:27:14,880 --> 00:27:18,040
Children and elders alike
had to go through it.
323
00:27:18,040 --> 00:27:19,800
It was an all-around cleansing
324
00:27:19,800 --> 00:27:21,920
and afterwards the lice
were gone.
325
00:27:21,920 --> 00:27:23,760
Most of the time, anyway.
326
00:27:35,240 --> 00:27:38,080
TRANSLATION: Returnees
and those who have been deported
327
00:27:38,080 --> 00:27:39,360
are in poor health.
328
00:27:39,360 --> 00:27:41,480
Babies and toddlers suffered most.
329
00:27:41,480 --> 00:27:44,320
Many have severe
nutritional problems.
330
00:27:44,320 --> 00:27:46,240
This has caused a lot of deaths.
331
00:28:01,800 --> 00:28:03,760
July 15th.
332
00:28:03,760 --> 00:28:07,360
At 9.45, we flew to Germany
to the Potsdam Conference
333
00:28:07,360 --> 00:28:09,880
in a transport plane.
334
00:28:09,880 --> 00:28:12,840
We were received by a
guard of honour at an airport.
335
00:28:15,960 --> 00:28:19,960
After a 20-minute drive, we reached
our accommodation in Babelsberg.
336
00:28:23,040 --> 00:28:26,280
It was made up of a series
of villas all looking out
337
00:28:26,280 --> 00:28:28,200
over the lake - very pleasant.
338
00:28:29,760 --> 00:28:31,560
In the evening,
I tried to catch a pike.
339
00:28:43,240 --> 00:28:45,800
Berlin is like
an island in the South Seas,
340
00:28:45,800 --> 00:28:47,640
isolated from the world.
341
00:28:47,640 --> 00:28:50,760
Yet Stalin, the British prime
minister and the American president
342
00:28:50,760 --> 00:28:52,680
are in Potsdam to decide our fate.
343
00:29:09,720 --> 00:29:14,400
At 1.30pm, I went to lunch
with the Prime Minister.
344
00:29:14,400 --> 00:29:17,840
He had just read the American
reports about the results of secret
345
00:29:17,840 --> 00:29:19,520
experiments with the atom bomb.
346
00:29:22,600 --> 00:29:24,680
It would not be necessary, he said,
347
00:29:24,680 --> 00:29:27,680
for the Russians to enter
the war with Japan -
348
00:29:27,680 --> 00:29:30,040
the new bomb was enough
to end the war.
349
00:29:34,480 --> 00:29:38,440
The bomb would also change
the relationship with the Russians.
350
00:29:38,440 --> 00:29:42,640
Then we could just say, if you
insist on doing this or that,
351
00:29:42,640 --> 00:29:45,520
then we will wipe out Moscow
from the map,
352
00:29:45,520 --> 00:29:49,280
then Stalingrad, Kyiv,
Sebastopol and so on.
353
00:29:58,680 --> 00:30:00,960
The day ended with a dinner
of the heads of state.
354
00:30:12,280 --> 00:30:14,320
July 25th.
355
00:30:14,320 --> 00:30:17,600
At home, I finished the blue blouse
with the cut-off sleeves.
356
00:30:17,600 --> 00:30:20,440
At 8pm, I went to the movies
with Mother.
357
00:30:20,440 --> 00:30:22,240
The film was called "Berlin".
358
00:30:22,240 --> 00:30:24,760
It was a Russian film
about the Battle of Berlin.
359
00:30:26,280 --> 00:30:27,960
LOUD EXPLOSIONS
360
00:30:59,760 --> 00:31:01,360
We were exhausted when we left.
361
00:31:01,360 --> 00:31:03,720
They shouldn't show us
something like that.
362
00:31:03,720 --> 00:31:05,880
We only just managed
to get through it.
363
00:31:05,880 --> 00:31:09,240
If you were to see this in a
few years, it would be different,
364
00:31:09,240 --> 00:31:11,720
but after three months,
that's not clever.
365
00:31:18,760 --> 00:31:22,040
On July 28th, I did the
first consecration of a boy
366
00:31:22,040 --> 00:31:25,120
in the small synagogue
of the Jewish hospital.
367
00:31:25,120 --> 00:31:29,080
The following day, on July 29th,
I married the first Jewish couple
368
00:31:29,080 --> 00:31:31,840
in Berlin in the small synagogue
in Rykestrasse.
369
00:31:33,320 --> 00:31:37,120
Amid all the terrible suffering,
murder and savagery in Auschwitz,
370
00:31:37,120 --> 00:31:39,720
two people had found each other.
371
00:31:39,720 --> 00:31:42,280
This was the first joyous
day for the newly awakened
372
00:31:42,280 --> 00:31:43,880
Berlin congregation.
373
00:31:55,400 --> 00:31:59,040
Oh, Schatzel, how wonderful
to be lying in one's own bed,
374
00:31:59,040 --> 00:32:01,800
knowing one is within
one's own four walls.
375
00:32:01,800 --> 00:32:03,360
Goodnight.
376
00:32:03,360 --> 00:32:06,280
I hope you are all relatively
comfortable as well,
377
00:32:06,280 --> 00:32:08,040
if you are still alive.
378
00:32:21,520 --> 00:32:23,720
Even though
I escaped the gas chambers,
379
00:32:23,720 --> 00:32:26,480
the locked doors,
the screaming and the beatings,
380
00:32:26,480 --> 00:32:28,480
the dogs and the roll calls,
381
00:32:28,480 --> 00:32:30,680
at night it caught up with me.
382
00:32:30,680 --> 00:32:33,520
It all came back.
The barbed wire fences,
383
00:32:33,520 --> 00:32:35,960
the young girl
dead in the dirt,
384
00:32:35,960 --> 00:32:38,400
Gad waving goodbye.
385
00:32:38,400 --> 00:32:40,960
The past and the present
were merging,
386
00:32:40,960 --> 00:32:42,920
the future was an empty sheet
of paper.
387
00:32:57,200 --> 00:32:59,440
Huge headlines in all papers.
388
00:32:59,440 --> 00:33:01,040
The Potsdam Agreement.
389
00:33:01,040 --> 00:33:04,000
Common policy
in all occupied territories,
390
00:33:04,000 --> 00:33:06,720
mutual consent on the order
of peace in Europe.
391
00:33:06,720 --> 00:33:08,800
It sounds too good to be true.
392
00:33:16,160 --> 00:33:19,000
This is a historic occasion.
393
00:33:21,640 --> 00:33:24,680
We have conclusively proven
394
00:33:24,680 --> 00:33:26,960
that a free people...
395
00:33:29,280 --> 00:33:34,080
..can successfully look after
the affairs of the world.
396
00:34:11,200 --> 00:34:13,200
Here we have it - no invasion,
397
00:34:13,200 --> 00:34:16,080
but the atom bomb
on the city of Hiroshima.
398
00:34:21,600 --> 00:34:25,840
If Hitler had managed to create
such an instrument of destruction,
399
00:34:25,840 --> 00:34:27,840
I dare not think it.
400
00:35:03,440 --> 00:35:06,080
TRANSLATION: August 12th.
401
00:35:06,080 --> 00:35:08,920
The Americans are met
with great sympathy.
402
00:35:08,920 --> 00:35:11,640
Yes, the behaviour of some Germans
is actually disgraceful.
403
00:35:13,560 --> 00:35:16,480
Every day, one can observe
how German men greedily bend down
404
00:35:16,480 --> 00:35:19,720
to pick up cigarette butts
thrown away by Americans,
405
00:35:19,720 --> 00:35:22,200
or German women strolling through
the streets and parks,
406
00:35:22,200 --> 00:35:24,320
arm in arm with American soldiers.
407
00:35:31,680 --> 00:35:35,000
Imagine your own son,
18 or 19 years old,
408
00:35:35,000 --> 00:35:37,000
free of any supervision,
409
00:35:37,000 --> 00:35:39,960
provided with almost
unlimited resources
410
00:35:39,960 --> 00:35:42,720
and fortunate enough to be as
attractive as Clark Gable.
411
00:35:46,040 --> 00:35:48,200
Now imagine him being exposed
412
00:35:48,200 --> 00:35:51,520
to a people bereft
of any moral standards.
413
00:35:51,520 --> 00:35:55,200
Berlin women are hungry and lonely.
414
00:35:55,200 --> 00:35:58,080
INFORMATION FILM NARRATION:
The problem now is future peace.
415
00:35:58,080 --> 00:35:59,880
That is your job in Germany.
416
00:36:01,320 --> 00:36:03,080
You are soldiers on guard.
417
00:36:04,240 --> 00:36:06,760
You will not argue with them.
418
00:36:06,760 --> 00:36:09,320
You will not be friendly.
419
00:36:09,320 --> 00:36:10,880
You will be aloof,
420
00:36:10,880 --> 00:36:13,160
watchful and suspicious.
421
00:36:14,520 --> 00:36:18,240
Every German is a potential
source of trouble.
422
00:36:18,240 --> 00:36:20,920
Therefore, there must be
no fraternisation
423
00:36:20,920 --> 00:36:22,640
with any of the German people.
424
00:36:37,600 --> 00:36:40,240
The guards have taken possession
of all the motorboats at the end
425
00:36:40,240 --> 00:36:41,720
of their lake.
426
00:36:43,720 --> 00:36:45,040
When they're not on duty,
427
00:36:45,040 --> 00:36:48,000
they race up and down the lake
with German girls in their boats
428
00:36:48,000 --> 00:36:49,640
and enjoy themselves.
429
00:37:14,080 --> 00:37:16,680
TRANSLATION: You become numb.
430
00:37:16,680 --> 00:37:19,880
I alone have diagnosed
50 cases of gonorrhoea.
431
00:37:19,880 --> 00:37:22,480
Now the cases of unwanted
pregnancies are mounting.
432
00:37:36,760 --> 00:37:39,520
TRANSLATION: I herewith politely
ask for your attention
433
00:37:39,520 --> 00:37:41,920
for the suffering of a mother
and wife of a man
434
00:37:41,920 --> 00:37:43,720
who is currently a prisoner of war.
435
00:37:43,720 --> 00:37:47,520
She got into this terrible situation
without any personal wrongdoing
436
00:37:47,520 --> 00:37:50,960
and is in the deepest agony
of the soul, begging for your help.
437
00:37:55,640 --> 00:37:57,520
TRANSLATION: I was raped by Russians
438
00:37:57,520 --> 00:37:59,720
on the 21st and 22nd
of April this year,
439
00:37:59,720 --> 00:38:02,040
which brought about this pregnancy.
440
00:38:02,040 --> 00:38:04,560
Due to my condition,
I'm suffering from depression
441
00:38:04,560 --> 00:38:08,160
and therefore ask for a termination
of the pregnancy.
442
00:38:08,160 --> 00:38:10,280
I'm a paediatric nurse
by profession.
443
00:38:14,000 --> 00:38:16,200
TRANSLATION:
During a small festivity
444
00:38:16,200 --> 00:38:19,760
where alcohol was involved,
I was raped by an American.
445
00:38:19,760 --> 00:38:21,800
This evening now has consequences
446
00:38:21,800 --> 00:38:25,080
and I therefore politely ask
for the termination of my pregnancy.
447
00:38:30,920 --> 00:38:34,200
TRANSLATION: The termination
of the pregnancy of Mrs Gerda Karl,
448
00:38:34,200 --> 00:38:36,840
resident of Berlin-Neukolln,
is hereby approved.
449
00:38:46,560 --> 00:38:49,320
TRANSLATION: Dear Mum, dear Dad.
450
00:38:49,320 --> 00:38:51,160
What a terrible place, Berlin.
451
00:38:52,840 --> 00:38:55,600
You cannot begin to imagine
the bleakness of this megalopolis.
452
00:38:59,560 --> 00:39:02,520
Even more horrifying are those
Berliners dwelling in the cellars,
453
00:39:02,520 --> 00:39:04,120
dying of starvation.
454
00:39:15,960 --> 00:39:18,280
TRANSLATION: What we got
on the Russian card
455
00:39:18,280 --> 00:39:21,040
wasn't sufficient at all.
We just had to try and organise
456
00:39:21,040 --> 00:39:22,520
something on the black market.
457
00:39:24,440 --> 00:39:26,800
My parents scrambled together
anything that could
458
00:39:26,800 --> 00:39:28,600
possibly be fobbed off -
459
00:39:28,600 --> 00:39:32,520
our toys, doll houses,
scooters, skates.
460
00:39:32,520 --> 00:39:35,840
Sometimes, that would get some
good stuff - a little butter,
461
00:39:35,840 --> 00:39:37,800
some extra bread
or a piece of bacon.
462
00:39:48,360 --> 00:39:50,760
Everything is being bartered,
trafficked
463
00:39:50,760 --> 00:39:53,120
and sold to people
at outrageous prices.
464
00:39:59,200 --> 00:40:02,680
Our GIs have had cheap watches
and cigarettes sent to them,
465
00:40:02,680 --> 00:40:06,320
which they now sell around
Alexanderplatz or in the Tiergarten
466
00:40:06,320 --> 00:40:09,600
to their Russian comrades
at fantastic prices.
467
00:40:09,600 --> 00:40:12,800
Mickey Mouse watches
fetch 10,000 marks apiece.
468
00:40:14,440 --> 00:40:17,240
They could exchange the money,
one-to-one, into American dollars.
469
00:40:27,920 --> 00:40:30,520
Fancy visiting antique shops
with no money
470
00:40:30,520 --> 00:40:32,760
and cigarettes
in one's handbag instead.
471
00:40:34,400 --> 00:40:37,520
For four packets,
I got a lovely Venetian glass
472
00:40:37,520 --> 00:40:39,160
and a large tortoiseshell comb.
473
00:40:40,680 --> 00:40:42,440
How valuable cigarettes are.
474
00:40:49,920 --> 00:40:51,360
September 10th.
475
00:40:57,000 --> 00:40:59,560
A few days back,
there was a great military parade
476
00:40:59,560 --> 00:41:01,320
celebrating the end of the war.
477
00:41:01,320 --> 00:41:04,960
Thousands of Russians, thousands
of French, thousands of Americans,
478
00:41:04,960 --> 00:41:07,280
thousands of British.
479
00:41:07,280 --> 00:41:10,240
For us, it was great that the French
took up as much space as the others.
480
00:41:11,720 --> 00:41:13,800
Just as many men,
just as many flags.
481
00:41:24,960 --> 00:41:27,920
The German Reich is shattered.
482
00:41:27,920 --> 00:41:30,360
The German economy is shattered.
483
00:41:30,360 --> 00:41:32,560
The German culture is shattered.
484
00:41:34,920 --> 00:41:37,640
We no longer have a voice
in the League of Nations,
485
00:41:37,640 --> 00:41:40,360
but are treated like mere
indigenous people in a colony.
486
00:41:41,960 --> 00:41:45,200
These are the bitter fruits
of five and a half years of war,
487
00:41:45,200 --> 00:41:47,160
full of struggle and deprivation.
488
00:41:50,120 --> 00:41:52,440
I'm afraid the Germans have still
not learnt the lesson
489
00:41:52,440 --> 00:41:54,800
of this terrible war.
490
00:41:54,800 --> 00:41:57,080
They're only sorry for themselves,
491
00:41:57,080 --> 00:41:59,160
not for all those they murdered
492
00:41:59,160 --> 00:42:02,360
and tortured and tried to wipe
from the face of the Earth.
493
00:42:12,280 --> 00:42:14,520
October 1st.
494
00:42:17,920 --> 00:42:21,360
Went to see a film
with Gunter in the evening.
495
00:42:21,360 --> 00:42:24,920
"Jenny and the Gentleman in the
Tailcoat," with Johannes Heesters.
496
00:42:34,760 --> 00:42:38,040
It looks as though Gunter
is completely infatuated with me.
497
00:42:43,240 --> 00:42:46,760
I told Mum I'm at the meeting or
she'd get upset and scold me again.
498
00:43:03,400 --> 00:43:06,280
Mrs Schulze received
a letter from Kurt.
499
00:43:06,280 --> 00:43:09,080
So Kurt is alive, thank God.
I'm very happy.
500
00:43:18,400 --> 00:43:21,800
November 8th. The flat is now
halfway cosy and nice,
501
00:43:21,800 --> 00:43:24,360
the beginning
of an existence in the making.
502
00:43:24,360 --> 00:43:27,040
But my great anxiety about my
husband and children
503
00:43:27,040 --> 00:43:29,640
remains my all-encompassing concern.
504
00:43:29,640 --> 00:43:32,800
I've left no stone unturned
to try and find the children,
505
00:43:32,800 --> 00:43:35,240
but have remained unsuccessful.
506
00:43:35,240 --> 00:43:38,080
I don't know how I am to bear
the certainty of their death,
507
00:43:38,080 --> 00:43:39,720
should this come about.
508
00:43:39,720 --> 00:43:42,360
And the only person who ever
understood me,
509
00:43:42,360 --> 00:43:44,040
he, too, will not return.
510
00:43:55,400 --> 00:43:57,960
In Nuremberg,
an International Court of Justice,
511
00:43:57,960 --> 00:44:01,520
has convened to pass judgment
on the main war criminals.
512
00:44:01,520 --> 00:44:03,200
24 defendants.
513
00:44:09,720 --> 00:44:14,560
The bill of indictment filled seven
closely typed newspaper pages.
514
00:44:14,560 --> 00:44:17,240
Watching the people flicking
through this document of shame
515
00:44:17,240 --> 00:44:20,600
with indifference, it seems as
though none of this concerns them,
516
00:44:20,600 --> 00:44:22,800
neither crime nor perpetrators,
517
00:44:22,800 --> 00:44:24,720
neither guilt nor punishment.
518
00:44:53,040 --> 00:44:54,880
These 21 men, these zeroes,
519
00:44:54,880 --> 00:44:58,000
these hardworking
and confident monsters,
520
00:44:58,000 --> 00:45:00,680
were the last survivors
of a gang that had ruled Germany.
521
00:45:05,320 --> 00:45:09,160
Because of them, millions
of soldiers, sailors, pilots
522
00:45:09,160 --> 00:45:11,560
and civilians died in the war,
523
00:45:11,560 --> 00:45:14,160
and millions died in gas chambers
and furnaces.
524
00:45:16,720 --> 00:45:20,280
No famine, no plague, no punishment
of God ever accomplished
525
00:45:20,280 --> 00:45:21,920
what these men were able to do.
526
00:45:23,720 --> 00:45:27,120
They caused destruction
such as the world has never seen,
527
00:45:27,120 --> 00:45:29,800
and there they sat, stony faced.
528
00:45:34,640 --> 00:45:37,320
Hermann Wilhelm Goring...
529
00:45:39,200 --> 00:45:41,840
..you must plead guilty or
not guilty.
530
00:45:50,520 --> 00:45:51,760
Rudolf Hess.
531
00:45:56,640 --> 00:45:58,040
Wilhelm Keitel.
532
00:46:03,560 --> 00:46:05,040
Alfred Jodl.
533
00:46:27,800 --> 00:46:29,760
December 8th.
534
00:46:29,760 --> 00:46:31,400
Feast of the Immaculate Conception,
535
00:46:31,400 --> 00:46:33,280
Day of Remembrance.
536
00:46:33,280 --> 00:46:35,120
The first snow, very cold,
537
00:46:35,120 --> 00:46:37,600
wind beating against the windows.
538
00:46:50,120 --> 00:46:54,320
At 7am with mother to the
Borgsdorf forest to fetch wood.
539
00:46:54,320 --> 00:46:55,680
It was terribly heavy,
540
00:46:55,680 --> 00:46:58,280
and the forester was about
to confiscate our tools
541
00:46:58,280 --> 00:46:59,960
when we wanted to saw a trunk.
542
00:47:01,480 --> 00:47:04,320
We had two large sacks,
a rucksack and a bag,
543
00:47:04,320 --> 00:47:06,240
and still we had to run
for the train.
544
00:47:21,600 --> 00:47:24,240
December 10th.
545
00:47:24,240 --> 00:47:26,880
It's said to be almost
minus 20 degrees Centigrade.
546
00:47:29,600 --> 00:47:31,920
My hair has turned very grey.
547
00:47:31,920 --> 00:47:34,800
In general, we all age rapidly now.
548
00:47:34,800 --> 00:47:38,240
Snow outside, scrunching underfoot.
549
00:47:38,240 --> 00:47:40,640
Everybody's complaining
about the cold.
550
00:47:40,640 --> 00:47:43,200
I hope it won't last for long.
551
00:47:43,200 --> 00:47:44,480
With the lack of coal,
552
00:47:44,480 --> 00:47:47,600
the malnourished will
freeze to death in their flats.
553
00:47:47,600 --> 00:47:49,200
It's been happening already.
554
00:48:01,640 --> 00:48:03,880
First post-war Christmas.
555
00:48:03,880 --> 00:48:06,240
How different
from what we had imagined.
556
00:48:06,240 --> 00:48:08,680
No tree, no presents, no Andric.
557
00:48:10,360 --> 00:48:13,240
But the curfew was lifted yesterday
558
00:48:13,240 --> 00:48:15,800
and those brave enough
are allowed out after 11pm.
559
00:48:25,160 --> 00:48:27,040
Eaten lots and well.
560
00:48:27,040 --> 00:48:30,120
To church with Hansels and Schulzes
at quarter to five.
561
00:48:30,120 --> 00:48:32,680
It was crowded so we stood
on the upper gallery.
562
00:48:38,680 --> 00:48:41,840
Another Christmas
without the children.
563
00:48:41,840 --> 00:48:44,800
Last year, I often thought
about it and wished for the next one
564
00:48:44,800 --> 00:48:46,760
not to be so sad.
565
00:48:46,760 --> 00:48:50,040
Now, Christmas will soon come
around and I have even less hope.
566
00:48:57,760 --> 00:48:59,600
Monday, New Year's Eve.
567
00:48:59,600 --> 00:49:02,200
Mother was angry with me
when I left in the evening.
568
00:49:02,200 --> 00:49:04,840
I took my records,
first to Gunter,
569
00:49:04,840 --> 00:49:07,880
then to Hayo, who lives in
Weissensee. His parents were out.
570
00:49:09,800 --> 00:49:13,120
Gunter was quite jealous because I
was flirting with Rudi and danced
571
00:49:13,120 --> 00:49:16,320
the first dance of the New Year
with him. It was "Lantern, Lantern."
572
00:49:16,320 --> 00:49:18,560
# Laternchen, laternchen
573
00:49:18,560 --> 00:49:20,520
# Laternchen... #
574
00:49:28,200 --> 00:49:31,560
At 5am, I went to another family,
who were also celebrating
575
00:49:31,560 --> 00:49:33,400
and in high spirits.
576
00:49:33,400 --> 00:49:35,040
At 6am, I returned.
577
00:49:35,040 --> 00:49:37,560
Mother was livid.
578
00:49:37,560 --> 00:49:40,280
I went to bed and slept
until 11 the next morning.
579
00:49:51,320 --> 00:49:55,680
In 1949, Brigitte Eicke married her
childhood sweetheart Kurt Schulze.
580
00:49:59,240 --> 00:50:02,000
The couple had two children,
a boy and a girl.
581
00:50:04,920 --> 00:50:10,040
Brigitte spent her entire life in
Prenzlauer Berg and died in 2016
582
00:50:10,040 --> 00:50:11,480
at the age of 89.
583
00:50:15,280 --> 00:50:18,720
The trial against the main war
criminals at Nuremberg concluded
584
00:50:18,720 --> 00:50:22,880
with 12 death sentences, seven
long-term or life prison sentences
585
00:50:22,880 --> 00:50:25,040
and three acquittals.
586
00:50:25,040 --> 00:50:28,920
Hermann Goring eluded his punishment
by committing suicide.
587
00:50:28,920 --> 00:50:32,400
In 1947, over 98% of all registered
588
00:50:32,400 --> 00:50:35,680
NSDAP members were back at work.
589
00:50:35,680 --> 00:50:39,360
Even high-ranking SS functionaries
were able to build a career
590
00:50:39,360 --> 00:50:43,200
after the war, as doctors,
judges, teachers, professors,
591
00:50:43,200 --> 00:50:45,000
civil servants or journalists.
592
00:50:48,800 --> 00:50:53,280
Only in 1946 Alice Lowenthal
received confirmation
593
00:50:53,280 --> 00:50:57,280
that her second husband and her
daughters, Gitti and Ruth, had died.
594
00:50:57,280 --> 00:51:00,480
All three had been murdered
at Auschwitz concentration camp
595
00:51:00,480 --> 00:51:02,720
and were declared dead in 1950.
596
00:51:05,040 --> 00:51:10,120
Alice married again, the son
of the family who had hidden her.
597
00:51:10,120 --> 00:51:13,720
The pair had another daughter
they named Eva Ruth Gitti.
598
00:51:16,200 --> 00:51:18,000
Alice died in 1985.
599
00:51:19,560 --> 00:51:21,240
Eva still lives in Berlin.
49933
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