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♪ ♪
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Narrator: The great white shark!
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Focus.
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Power.
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Purpose.
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Seals are their usual prey of choice.
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But what about something bigger?
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Much bigger.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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(whale blows)
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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South africa's coast is shark infested.
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♪ ♪
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Massive tigers.
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♪ ♪
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Marauding bulls.
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And gangs of blacktips.
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They're all here.
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It's a predator's playground.
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Roughly two million seals live at the southern tip of africa,
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Which is why one of the highest concentrations of great whites
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On the planet hunt these waters.
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Other giants are here, too.
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It's the beginning of winter in the southern hemisphere.
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Great pods of humpback whales like this are heading north.
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For four months,
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They fed on nutritious krill off antarctica,
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Building up blubber reserves for this journey.
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Over 30,000 humpbacks make this annual migration.
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Their destination, mozambique,
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To give birth to their calves in warm tropical waters.
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The ocean off southern africa is too cold for baby whales.
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It's dangerous, too.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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Great white sharks dominate these southern waters.
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The humpback migration routes
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Take them right through white shark territory.
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♪ ♪
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So what happens when humpback whales and white sharks
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Run into each other?
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Ryan johnson: Wow.
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Away from the boat, away from
the boat, away from the boat.
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There we go.
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Narrator: Ryan johnson is a shark scientist
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Based in mossel bay, south africa.
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He's been studying the white shark population here
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For over 20 years.
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Ryan: Whoa, there we go!
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Oh, she went for it!
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Narrator: In February 2017 he was flying his drone
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During a shark survey when the phone rang.
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Ryan: The phone call came in
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From the national
sea rescue institute
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That they had been alerted that
there was a whale out at sea.
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♪ ♪
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It looked like it had been
wrapped up in longline.
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Narrator: The whale wasn't moving.
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Was it dead?
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♪ ♪
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Ryan: And then the whale
breathed and it blew,
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And I realized that
this whale was still alive.
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(whale blows)
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Narrator: Then, ryan saw something else.
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♪ ♪
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A 14-foot great white shark
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Headed straight for the young whale.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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And it did the unexpected.
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♪ ♪
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It attacked.
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Ryan: I know the science
and I know the literature,
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And I know this has
never been seen before.
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Narrator: It bit the tail,
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Then it rolled the weakened whale
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As if trying to drown it.
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This was not some random meeting.
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It was a methodical attack on a whale by a great white shark.
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A shark that seemed to know just what to do.
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Ryan is the first person ever to witness this shark behavior.
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He played the drone footage over and over
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And suddenly recognized the shark.
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He tagged her for research back in 2012.
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Her name is helen.
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Ryan: Dorsal fin came up
out of the water,
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And you could clearly see the
satellite tag remnants on her,
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Plus that distinctive
dorsal fin.
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Now that she is that shark
that hunted a humpback whale,
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A living humpback whale,
she has sort of marked her place
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In the sharks'
hall of fame forever,
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And she's always gonna be
remembered for that.
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Narrator: Ryan had serious questions.
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Is this shark attack a one-time-only event,
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Or do white sharks really hunt living whales
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And we just never see it?
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To get some answers, ryan decides to dig deeper.
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He sets off to follow
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The 4,000-mile migration route of the humpbacks.
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Are there specific places where white sharks ambush the whales?
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Do attacks follow a pattern?
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And why hunt whales at all
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When there are plenty of seals available?
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Ryan goes back to what he already knows
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About the great white.
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11 million years of evolution has made them fast...
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Agile...
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...And calculating.
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Most shark species are cold-blooded
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And have to stay in warmer waters.
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♪ ♪
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Great whites are one of only seven species
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That can raise their internal body temperature.
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Being warm-blooded, they keep their edge in cold water,
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Which is why no seal is safe
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Off the coast of southern africa.
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For them, white sharks are an almost unbeatable foe.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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So, why would white sharks turn to whales?
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Off the coast of south africa,
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The sharks have plenty of seals to eat.
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Resident colonies of cape fur seals dot the coastline.
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(seals warbling)
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Half of a seal is blubber or fat.
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That's what white sharks are after.
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A white shark's liver is like a giant fuel tank
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Where it stores the calories from fat.
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Combine enormous energy reserves with warm blood,
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Big teeth, hydrodynamic shape,
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And sharks' super senses,
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And you've got a feeding machine.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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Spectacular breaches on seal decoys
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Show just how these sharks have been hunting
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For millions of years.
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They know how to hunt seals.
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So, the question ryan really wants to answer is,
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Why would they hunt something much bigger
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And much more dangerous?
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Narrator: Ryan begins his research at seal island
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Just off mossel bay, south africa.
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It's a well-known hot spot where great whites hunt seals,
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And it's just three and a half miles
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From the site of the humpback whale attack.
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Seals and humpback whales are as different
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As they can possibly be.
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What connects them in a shark's brain?
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It's well-known that their diet is mostly marine mammals.
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But just how selective is the great white?
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Ryan runs an experiment
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With two different sized seal decoys.
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Which one will the sharks attack?
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Ryan: For me, this experiment
is all about
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That cognition of a shark,
that decision-making process,
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When it weighs up the pros
and cons of attacking a prey.
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Does it go from that
extreme level of success,
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That big reward but high risk,
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Or is it going to be
more conservative?
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Because this feeds right
into the decision-making
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Helen had to go through
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When she was faced with a whale
nine, ten times her size.
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She had to be
assessing the risk;
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The chance of her
getting injured;
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The chance that she
would be unsuccessful;
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The chance that her life
as a predator could end.
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Narrator: Do the sharks display
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A simple species preference,
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Or is there something more to their selection?
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Ryan: Make this turn
as tight as you can,
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Because there's no swell,
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And we just head right up
the edge of that island.
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Nice one.
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A little shark,
but hit the little decoy,
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Hit the little juvenile pup.
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Nice, that's what
we're looking for.
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First breach, number one.
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Baby seal.
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Okay, decoy back in.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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Wow!
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Big shark, big breach!
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That was massive!
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Can you believe it?
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And on a juvenile seal.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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There we go, we thought so!
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Again, small decoy.
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Look, we swapped the small seal
over to this side,
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Got the hit on it.
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This is getting conclusive now.
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Narrator: Every breach is on the smaller decoy.
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The small seals are low risk
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And an almost guaranteed reward.
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The sharks make a clear choice.
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They're very discerning, which suggests that helen's attack
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On the humpback whale was discerning, too.
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♪ ♪
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At seal island, the pickings are easy,
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But not all hunting grounds are the same.
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Just how adaptable are great white sharks
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When conditions are not in their favor?
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To find out, ryan moves from mossel bay
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To robberg nature reserve 80 miles east along the coast.
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Just offshore, the humpbacks are migrating.
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The sharks pay no attention.
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Like at seal island, they're after the pups.
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(pup crying)
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♪ ♪
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But the sharks can't ambush from the deep here;
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The water's too shallow and clear.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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Then how do they get the job done?
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♪ ♪
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They're incredibly adaptable.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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Hiding behind the adults, pups flounder in the surf.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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Ryan has never before had the opportunity
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To watch white sharks tested like this.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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There's no chance of surprising a seal here.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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A shark patrols the cliff face
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Engaging the prey in plain sight.
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It's looking for a single small seal.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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But the sharks aren't the only adaptable species here.
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♪ ♪
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The larger seals gang up.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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Attack is the best form of defense.
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But only to a point.
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And the cat-and-mouse game begins.
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Narrator: Ryan johnson is at robberg nature reserve
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Off the coast of south africa.
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A hunt is underway.
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Here, conditions favor the prey.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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So far, it's seals, one;
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White shark, zero.
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But great whites don't give up easily,
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And they're patient.
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Then, a small seal separates from the rest.
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It's go time.
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♪ ♪
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(squeal)
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The shark strike is so quick the seal is mortally wounded.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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Ryan is right beside the shark.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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This seal was dozing, vulnerable.
277
00:19:39,712 --> 00:19:41,612
It paid with its life.
278
00:19:44,284 --> 00:19:47,552
(heartbeat)
279
00:19:47,587 --> 00:19:54,091
(heartbeat)
280
00:19:54,127 --> 00:20:00,398
(heartbeat)
281
00:20:00,433 --> 00:20:02,600
Ryan: I cannot believe
what I just saw!
282
00:20:02,635 --> 00:20:05,903
Holy moly!
283
00:20:05,939 --> 00:20:07,638
Somebody help us up,
284
00:20:07,674 --> 00:20:09,407
It's not good water
to be in at the moment.
285
00:20:09,442 --> 00:20:12,443
Bloomin' heck!
286
00:20:12,478 --> 00:20:14,679
What we just went through.
287
00:20:19,118 --> 00:20:25,122
(laughing)
288
00:20:25,158 --> 00:20:26,424
Damn, barry.
289
00:20:26,459 --> 00:20:29,527
(laughing)
290
00:20:29,562 --> 00:20:30,928
Barry skinstad:
It's good to be alive.
291
00:20:30,964 --> 00:20:32,330
Ryan: Wow.
292
00:20:32,365 --> 00:20:35,199
That is something else.
293
00:20:35,201 --> 00:20:36,968
I tell you,
that's something else.
294
00:20:44,077 --> 00:20:46,010
Narrator: It's a clear message.
295
00:20:46,045 --> 00:20:48,546
Against the odds, white sharks are able to pick
296
00:20:48,581 --> 00:20:52,683
The perfect moment and execute.
297
00:20:52,719 --> 00:20:54,619
It's the same ability helen used
298
00:20:54,654 --> 00:20:57,855
When she attacked the humpback whale.
299
00:20:57,890 --> 00:21:00,057
Nothing random about it.
300
00:21:02,061 --> 00:21:06,097
Ryan: How that shark snuck up
and was successful,
301
00:21:06,132 --> 00:21:07,698
One second it was there,
302
00:21:07,767 --> 00:21:13,504
And the next second it was
feeding and thrashing.
303
00:21:16,943 --> 00:21:18,309
Yoh.
304
00:21:18,344 --> 00:21:20,111
You think you've
witnessed it all,
305
00:21:20,146 --> 00:21:22,146
You think you've seen it all,
but you ain't seen nothing
306
00:21:22,181 --> 00:21:25,683
Until you've been in the water
with a hunting great white.
307
00:21:31,257 --> 00:21:34,225
Narrator: Hunting great whites have one very subtle ability
308
00:21:34,260 --> 00:21:36,927
Over all the others.
309
00:21:36,963 --> 00:21:40,197
They can detect the moment of maximum vulnerability
310
00:21:40,233 --> 00:21:42,767
And exploit it.
311
00:21:42,802 --> 00:21:47,672
Helen used her intuition when she went after the big whale,
312
00:21:47,707 --> 00:21:52,443
And she had extra motivation to do that.
313
00:21:52,478 --> 00:21:58,316
In winter, small seals are plentiful and easy prey,
314
00:21:58,351 --> 00:22:00,885
But in the spring when the seals have grown up,
315
00:22:00,920 --> 00:22:04,455
They're more difficult to catch.
316
00:22:04,490 --> 00:22:07,925
So, the sharks must adapt their diet.
317
00:22:07,960 --> 00:22:09,160
♪ ♪
318
00:22:09,195 --> 00:22:15,633
♪ ♪
319
00:22:15,668 --> 00:22:17,868
What would a big great white risk then
320
00:22:17,904 --> 00:22:21,672
For a bellyful of blubber?
321
00:22:21,708 --> 00:22:23,908
(whale sings)
322
00:22:23,943 --> 00:22:25,943
An attack on a whale?
323
00:22:29,882 --> 00:22:31,716
Perhaps.
324
00:22:34,620 --> 00:22:38,222
Over 30,000 humpback whales migrate through sharky waters
325
00:22:38,257 --> 00:22:41,525
Off the coast of south africa.
326
00:22:41,561 --> 00:22:45,029
They're headed to mozambique.
327
00:22:45,064 --> 00:22:48,532
Humpbacks are the fifth largest whale species.
328
00:22:51,637 --> 00:22:57,475
They can reach up to 60 feet and weigh a staggering 40 tons.
329
00:22:57,510 --> 00:22:59,810
That's three times longer than the world's largest
330
00:22:59,846 --> 00:23:03,647
Great white shark and 30 times heavier.
331
00:23:07,687 --> 00:23:10,054
The whales are big and strong enough
332
00:23:10,089 --> 00:23:13,724
To injure or kill a healthy white shark.
333
00:23:16,195 --> 00:23:20,598
But that blubber jackpot might be too tempting to pass up.
334
00:23:20,633 --> 00:23:25,870
(whale sings)
335
00:23:33,446 --> 00:23:34,712
(whale blows)
336
00:23:41,454 --> 00:23:44,588
Now it's midwinter in the southern hemisphere.
337
00:23:47,026 --> 00:23:49,527
This blue wilderness has many players,
338
00:23:49,562 --> 00:23:51,662
And they're all on the move.
339
00:23:55,401 --> 00:23:58,502
Ryan must keep track of it all.
340
00:24:02,308 --> 00:24:05,176
He's watching the movements of great whites.
341
00:24:08,748 --> 00:24:12,016
Do they follow the whales as they move north?
342
00:24:13,653 --> 00:24:16,754
Helen has made this journey before.
343
00:24:18,291 --> 00:24:20,057
In the winter of 2016,
344
00:24:20,092 --> 00:24:23,594
She was tracked all the way to mozambique.
345
00:24:23,629 --> 00:24:25,896
That's where the whales go every year
346
00:24:25,932 --> 00:24:28,766
To breed the next generation of humpbacks.
347
00:24:31,571 --> 00:24:35,539
Was helen waiting for them?
348
00:24:35,575 --> 00:24:37,174
Ryan's searching hard for evidence
349
00:24:37,210 --> 00:24:41,545
Of white shark and humpback interaction,
350
00:24:41,581 --> 00:24:43,848
And that helen's attack on the humpback whale
351
00:24:43,883 --> 00:24:47,384
Was anything but random.
352
00:24:47,420 --> 00:24:54,258
♪ ♪
353
00:24:54,293 --> 00:24:55,893
During this time of year,
354
00:24:55,928 --> 00:24:59,363
There's a great gathering of marine species.
355
00:25:03,336 --> 00:25:07,104
A vast run of sardines headed in the same direction.
356
00:25:07,139 --> 00:25:09,640
♪ ♪
357
00:25:09,675 --> 00:25:15,946
♪ ♪
358
00:25:15,982 --> 00:25:22,286
♪ ♪
359
00:25:22,321 --> 00:25:27,525
It's one of the ocean's greatest feeding events
360
00:25:27,560 --> 00:25:30,494
And lures predators of all kinds.
361
00:25:32,732 --> 00:25:36,233
Dolphins, gannets, seals,
362
00:25:36,269 --> 00:25:39,904
Thousands of sharks and hundreds of whales.
363
00:25:45,077 --> 00:25:50,247
Ryan looks for whales with bite marks or wounds;
364
00:25:50,283 --> 00:25:52,983
Hard evidence of shark attacks.
365
00:25:57,189 --> 00:25:59,356
These are bryde's whales.
366
00:25:59,392 --> 00:26:01,792
They're here to feed.
367
00:26:01,827 --> 00:26:04,862
♪ ♪
368
00:26:04,897 --> 00:26:09,867
(clicking)
369
00:26:13,039 --> 00:26:15,239
But the humpbacks don't join in.
370
00:26:15,274 --> 00:26:18,509
They simply keep going.
371
00:26:18,544 --> 00:26:21,512
Do they get ambushed as they go by?
372
00:26:23,583 --> 00:26:28,319
Finding scars or wounds might mean yes.
373
00:26:28,354 --> 00:26:31,555
Ryan: So, we've just come across
our first resting humpback.
374
00:26:31,591 --> 00:26:33,657
This is a good chance to
get in and start looking
375
00:26:33,693 --> 00:26:37,294
For shark bites and shark wounds
on these humpbacks.
376
00:26:37,330 --> 00:26:38,996
Oh, there's,
a shark just jumped.
377
00:26:39,031 --> 00:26:42,299
See that?
A shark just jumped. Nice!
378
00:26:44,470 --> 00:26:46,870
And what I'm hoping to get
is to look for some scars,
379
00:26:46,906 --> 00:26:49,406
Some evidence of shark bites,
380
00:26:49,442 --> 00:26:52,142
And then we know that it's
possibly a more common behavior
381
00:26:52,178 --> 00:26:55,079
Than we first expected.
382
00:26:55,114 --> 00:26:57,014
Wow, look at that, okay.
383
00:27:03,389 --> 00:27:10,260
♪ ♪
384
00:27:10,296 --> 00:27:12,129
Narrator: The whale is pec-slapping,
385
00:27:12,164 --> 00:27:14,331
Slapping its pectoral fin on the surface
386
00:27:14,367 --> 00:27:17,401
Signaling to other whales nearby.
387
00:27:20,239 --> 00:27:22,940
Ryan must be careful.
388
00:27:22,975 --> 00:27:25,042
♪ ♪
389
00:27:25,077 --> 00:27:31,582
♪ ♪
390
00:27:31,617 --> 00:27:38,088
♪ ♪
391
00:27:38,124 --> 00:27:42,693
He didn't see any bite marks,
392
00:27:42,728 --> 00:27:45,729
But he has seen footage of a subadult
393
00:27:45,765 --> 00:27:49,633
Badly bitten...
394
00:27:49,669 --> 00:27:53,170
And badly bitten by a mob of sharks.
395
00:28:06,619 --> 00:28:09,053
Narrator: This young humpback is the victim
396
00:28:09,088 --> 00:28:11,455
Of a shark attack.
397
00:28:11,490 --> 00:28:12,923
The rare footage shows open wounds made by sharks
398
00:28:14,660 --> 00:28:17,728
Trying to get at the blubber beneath the skin.
399
00:28:21,033 --> 00:28:24,034
But the bites are too small for a great white.
400
00:28:26,338 --> 00:28:32,309
And with so many bites, it must have been a shiver of sharks.
401
00:28:32,344 --> 00:28:35,512
Likely duskies chasing the sardine run.
402
00:28:39,752 --> 00:28:44,421
Dusky sharks don't work alone.
403
00:28:44,457 --> 00:28:47,825
Could a school of them take down a whale?
404
00:28:47,860 --> 00:28:54,765
♪ ♪
405
00:28:54,800 --> 00:28:57,601
This evidence suggests that they tried.
406
00:29:02,742 --> 00:29:05,676
Yet somehow this young whale escaped with its life
407
00:29:05,711 --> 00:29:07,544
And kept going.
408
00:29:07,580 --> 00:29:13,517
♪ ♪
409
00:29:13,552 --> 00:29:20,090
♪ ♪
410
00:29:20,126 --> 00:29:24,995
The migrating humpbacks have only one objective now:
411
00:29:25,030 --> 00:29:27,731
The safehouse of mozambique.
412
00:29:30,035 --> 00:29:33,036
It's a whale birthing paradise
413
00:29:33,072 --> 00:29:36,607
Far from the usual hunting grounds of great white sharks.
414
00:29:38,944 --> 00:29:43,514
Vulnerable baby whales can nurse, grow and gain strength.
415
00:29:48,487 --> 00:29:53,791
The adults have traveled 4,000 miles to safety.
416
00:29:53,826 --> 00:29:56,393
The warm water and lack of predators
417
00:29:56,428 --> 00:30:00,731
Give their species the best chance of survival.
418
00:30:00,766 --> 00:30:06,537
(whales singing)
419
00:30:06,572 --> 00:30:10,174
It's a magical time.
420
00:30:10,209 --> 00:30:13,343
The whales spend up to four months mating, birthing,
421
00:30:13,379 --> 00:30:15,245
And nursing their young.
422
00:30:19,919 --> 00:30:22,486
(whale sings)
423
00:30:22,521 --> 00:30:25,022
♪ ♪
424
00:30:25,057 --> 00:30:31,562
♪ ♪
425
00:30:31,597 --> 00:30:37,501
♪ ♪
426
00:30:37,536 --> 00:30:39,870
(whale sings)
427
00:30:39,905 --> 00:30:44,975
This is their time to bond and interact.
428
00:30:45,010 --> 00:30:47,010
(whales sing)
429
00:30:49,982 --> 00:30:52,015
But these adult whales have not eaten
430
00:30:52,051 --> 00:30:55,252
Since they left antarctica months ago.
431
00:30:57,523 --> 00:31:02,593
Their strength diminishes each day,
432
00:31:02,628 --> 00:31:06,697
And the time is coming when all of them, adults and calves,
433
00:31:06,732 --> 00:31:08,932
Will have to swim the 4,000 miles
434
00:31:08,968 --> 00:31:11,602
Back to antarctica to feed.
435
00:31:14,673 --> 00:31:16,974
Ryan: After four months
up at mozambique,
436
00:31:17,009 --> 00:31:19,076
They start this
return migration down,
437
00:31:19,111 --> 00:31:20,777
And that's when it's going
to get really interesting,
438
00:31:20,813 --> 00:31:23,180
'cause at that stage you're
going to have these weak whales,
439
00:31:23,215 --> 00:31:25,349
These whales that haven't fed up
enough that have been starved
440
00:31:25,384 --> 00:31:27,251
For the last
four or five months.
441
00:31:27,286 --> 00:31:29,987
And as they go down,
they're gonna be the ones
442
00:31:30,022 --> 00:31:34,091
That I think are really
vulnerable to attack by sharks.
443
00:31:34,126 --> 00:31:39,897
♪ ♪
444
00:31:39,932 --> 00:31:44,868
Narrator: Now it's springtime,
445
00:31:44,904 --> 00:31:47,704
And the humpback whales begin the journey south,
446
00:31:47,740 --> 00:31:51,375
Back to antarctica.
447
00:31:51,410 --> 00:31:56,613
(whale sings)
448
00:31:56,649 --> 00:31:58,916
Everything works against them.
449
00:31:58,951 --> 00:32:05,622
♪ ♪
450
00:32:05,658 --> 00:32:08,358
New mothers dig into precious energy reserves
451
00:32:08,394 --> 00:32:12,562
To produce 100 pounds of milk a day.
452
00:32:12,598 --> 00:32:14,331
Ryan: So, look at this.
453
00:32:14,366 --> 00:32:17,801
You can see that utter, utter
commitment of these whales
454
00:32:17,836 --> 00:32:20,070
To get back to antarctica.
455
00:32:20,105 --> 00:32:22,606
She's been up at mozambique
for the last three, four months
456
00:32:22,641 --> 00:32:25,208
Feeding that baby,
getting its blubber layer up,
457
00:32:25,244 --> 00:32:27,744
Getting it ready for those
cold waters of antarctica.
458
00:32:27,780 --> 00:32:29,513
And now she's got one mission,
459
00:32:29,548 --> 00:32:31,882
And that's to get down
past south africa,
460
00:32:31,917 --> 00:32:35,986
Across to antarctica
and get back to the food.
461
00:32:36,021 --> 00:32:37,921
You know, you look at
this coastline,
462
00:32:37,957 --> 00:32:40,090
And it looks pristine,
it looks beautiful,
463
00:32:40,125 --> 00:32:43,527
But what is hidden is
the amount of perils
464
00:32:43,562 --> 00:32:45,128
That these whales face.
465
00:32:45,164 --> 00:32:47,164
There's shipping lanes here,
there's nets,
466
00:32:47,199 --> 00:32:50,334
There's longliners, there's
shark bather protection nets.
467
00:32:50,369 --> 00:32:52,135
And it's when
they get entangled,
468
00:32:52,171 --> 00:32:54,371
It's when they get weakened,
it's when they get isolated
469
00:32:54,406 --> 00:32:58,442
From each other that they become
vulnerable to shark attacks.
470
00:33:03,015 --> 00:33:05,015
Narrator: Helen's attack on a humpback happened
471
00:33:05,050 --> 00:33:09,152
At the end of summer during this return trip to antarctica.
472
00:33:11,957 --> 00:33:13,890
The whale she attacked was tangled up
473
00:33:13,926 --> 00:33:16,560
In heavy fishing line
474
00:33:16,595 --> 00:33:18,929
And all alone.
475
00:33:21,600 --> 00:33:24,701
Humpback whales have close family bonds,
476
00:33:24,737 --> 00:33:27,804
But the safety of the pod comes first.
477
00:33:27,840 --> 00:33:29,773
(whale blows)
478
00:33:29,808 --> 00:33:32,542
Stragglers are left behind.
479
00:33:35,681 --> 00:33:36,913
This humpback was still
480
00:33:36,949 --> 00:33:40,717
2,000 miles from antarctica.
481
00:33:40,753 --> 00:33:44,721
It was weak and vulnerable;
482
00:33:44,757 --> 00:33:49,459
Everything a white shark looks for in a victim.
483
00:33:49,495 --> 00:33:53,730
Worst of all, it was alone in white shark territory.
484
00:34:02,708 --> 00:34:05,142
Narrator: The grueling migration back to antarctica
485
00:34:05,177 --> 00:34:07,177
Can be fatal to whales.
486
00:34:12,618 --> 00:34:17,921
Some are too old, too weak or just unlucky.
487
00:34:20,025 --> 00:34:24,261
When a whale dies, it's like a dinner bell for sharks.
488
00:34:24,296 --> 00:34:31,034
♪ ♪
489
00:34:31,070 --> 00:34:33,336
♪ ♪
490
00:34:33,372 --> 00:34:38,542
♪ ♪
491
00:34:38,577 --> 00:34:45,549
♪ ♪
492
00:34:45,584 --> 00:34:48,618
They didn't kill it,
493
00:34:48,654 --> 00:34:51,088
But that doesn't matter.
494
00:34:51,123 --> 00:34:53,423
♪ ♪
495
00:34:53,459 --> 00:34:58,595
♪ ♪
496
00:34:58,630 --> 00:35:01,465
Whale blubber is pure fat.
497
00:35:05,070 --> 00:35:07,537
Sharks convert the fat to energy,
498
00:35:07,573 --> 00:35:10,207
Which they store in their massive livers.
499
00:35:13,378 --> 00:35:18,548
They'd have to kill 200 seals to get the same energy boost.
500
00:35:18,584 --> 00:35:24,054
♪ ♪
501
00:35:24,089 --> 00:35:30,393
♪ ♪
502
00:35:30,429 --> 00:35:37,167
♪ ♪
503
00:35:37,202 --> 00:35:44,107
♪ ♪
504
00:35:44,143 --> 00:35:46,510
Of course, sharks scavenging dead whales
505
00:35:46,545 --> 00:35:48,478
Is not new to science.
506
00:35:51,517 --> 00:35:55,886
But a great white attacking a living whale is new.
507
00:35:55,921 --> 00:35:58,288
♪ ♪
508
00:35:58,323 --> 00:36:04,327
♪ ♪
509
00:36:04,363 --> 00:36:08,198
Just what would a shark do for a mouthful of whale?
510
00:36:11,370 --> 00:36:13,670
If the right opportunity came along,
511
00:36:13,705 --> 00:36:17,107
Would they go in for the kill?
512
00:36:17,142 --> 00:36:20,443
Killing a live whale is vastly different
513
00:36:20,479 --> 00:36:23,914
To scavenging a carcass.
514
00:36:23,949 --> 00:36:27,517
Ryan: And what struck me
was just how patient,
515
00:36:27,553 --> 00:36:30,854
Just how strategic helen was
516
00:36:30,889 --> 00:36:33,323
When she was going
about this attack.
517
00:36:33,358 --> 00:36:35,392
She wasn't trying to eat,
she was trying to weaken,
518
00:36:35,427 --> 00:36:37,327
She was trying to slow down.
519
00:36:37,362 --> 00:36:40,830
She was trying to slowly
overcome this whale
520
00:36:40,866 --> 00:36:44,067
Before even considering
feeding on it.
521
00:36:46,772 --> 00:36:48,205
Narrator: To do that,
522
00:36:48,240 --> 00:36:51,441
Helen attacked the whale's tail first.
523
00:36:51,476 --> 00:36:57,247
♪ ♪
524
00:36:57,282 --> 00:36:59,583
(whale blows)
525
00:36:59,618 --> 00:37:06,223
♪ ♪
526
00:37:08,660 --> 00:37:12,195
A washed-up carcass reveals just how difficult it is
527
00:37:12,231 --> 00:37:16,266
For a shark to get the better of a whale.
528
00:37:16,301 --> 00:37:18,668
Ryan: This tail is one
of the main power forces
529
00:37:18,704 --> 00:37:20,537
For any humpback whale.
530
00:37:20,572 --> 00:37:24,307
It can literally propel one
of the whales, a 40-ton whale,
531
00:37:24,343 --> 00:37:26,610
18 meters out of the water.
532
00:37:26,645 --> 00:37:29,246
So, even for the biggest,
strongest great white shark,
533
00:37:29,281 --> 00:37:31,147
If it took a knock
by one of these,
534
00:37:31,183 --> 00:37:34,484
It's tickets for the shark.
535
00:37:34,519 --> 00:37:36,920
What was clear was
on that weak whale,
536
00:37:36,955 --> 00:37:38,488
The first place
the great white targeted
537
00:37:38,523 --> 00:37:41,224
Was right here on the tail,
on the keel.
538
00:37:41,260 --> 00:37:44,761
And the idea is, and I reckon
if I cut in here, we'll see it,
539
00:37:44,796 --> 00:37:47,030
Is that these big veins
that go here,
540
00:37:47,065 --> 00:37:49,199
Supplying energy to this muscle.
541
00:37:49,234 --> 00:37:51,334
With the white shark targeting
this area here,
542
00:37:51,370 --> 00:37:55,572
Essentially what it could do
was open up a vein,
543
00:37:55,607 --> 00:37:58,141
Let the whale bleed out and then
when it was very, very weak,
544
00:37:58,176 --> 00:38:03,647
Almost dead, target it and
actually try to go and kill it.
545
00:38:03,682 --> 00:38:06,983
Narrator: This is exactly what helen does.
546
00:38:07,019 --> 00:38:09,519
♪ ♪
547
00:38:09,554 --> 00:38:15,025
♪ ♪
548
00:38:15,060 --> 00:38:21,831
♪ ♪
549
00:38:21,867 --> 00:38:28,138
She bites the whale's tail again and again.
550
00:38:28,173 --> 00:38:32,075
(whale squeals)
551
00:38:32,110 --> 00:38:37,147
♪ ♪
552
00:38:37,182 --> 00:38:41,184
Eventually blood begins to pour out.
553
00:38:41,219 --> 00:38:45,455
♪ ♪
554
00:38:45,490 --> 00:38:48,792
(whale moans)
555
00:38:48,827 --> 00:38:53,697
Then, as the whale grows weaker,
556
00:38:53,732 --> 00:38:59,536
Helen does something no one has ever seen a shark do before.
557
00:39:04,042 --> 00:39:05,742
Narrator: For the first time in shark science,
558
00:39:05,777 --> 00:39:09,713
Ryan witnesses a single white shark killing a humpback whale.
559
00:39:09,748 --> 00:39:15,085
♪ ♪
560
00:39:15,120 --> 00:39:16,953
The whale is tangled up in fishing line, weak and alone.
561
00:39:21,660 --> 00:39:26,029
White sharks are experts at assessing vulnerability.
562
00:39:29,067 --> 00:39:33,036
The young humpback has been left behind by the pod.
563
00:39:33,071 --> 00:39:40,043
♪ ♪
564
00:39:40,078 --> 00:39:43,113
There's no escape.
565
00:39:43,148 --> 00:39:45,749
Ryan: Was helen cognizant
of this? Most likely.
566
00:39:45,784 --> 00:39:47,283
And it begs the question,
567
00:39:47,319 --> 00:39:50,053
Would this attack even
have been contemplated
568
00:39:50,088 --> 00:39:51,454
If this whale was
at full strength?
569
00:39:51,490 --> 00:39:55,058
And I think probably not.
570
00:39:55,093 --> 00:39:56,893
Narrator: Helen uses the same strategy
571
00:39:56,928 --> 00:40:00,029
White sharks use when hunting seals.
572
00:40:04,369 --> 00:40:06,403
She's watchful and patient,
573
00:40:06,438 --> 00:40:09,806
Assessing the whale's strength and ability to resist.
574
00:40:09,841 --> 00:40:15,645
♪ ♪
575
00:40:15,680 --> 00:40:18,982
The whale's life slowly bleeds away.
576
00:40:19,017 --> 00:40:23,353
♪ ♪
577
00:40:23,388 --> 00:40:26,222
Helen patiently waits.
578
00:40:29,795 --> 00:40:33,263
It's typical great white hunting behavior,
579
00:40:33,298 --> 00:40:35,198
But adapted for a whale.
580
00:40:37,536 --> 00:40:42,806
Helen waits until the whale is most vulnerable.
581
00:40:42,841 --> 00:40:46,643
Her shark sense tells her when that moment has come.
582
00:40:50,816 --> 00:40:52,449
Ryan: So then she changed
her entire strategy
583
00:40:52,484 --> 00:40:54,984
And started focusing
on the head.
584
00:40:55,020 --> 00:40:56,686
Basically, like
this shark had done,
585
00:40:56,721 --> 00:40:59,856
She grips onto this and she
essentially puts all her weight,
586
00:40:59,891 --> 00:41:03,326
Taking the head
of the whale down.
587
00:41:03,361 --> 00:41:04,828
(whale groans)
588
00:41:04,863 --> 00:41:07,096
Narrator: She uses the weight of her body
589
00:41:07,132 --> 00:41:10,266
To shove the whale's head underwater.
590
00:41:13,972 --> 00:41:17,173
(whale bellows)
591
00:41:17,209 --> 00:41:20,810
Her goal is to drown it.
592
00:41:20,846 --> 00:41:25,048
(whale moaning)
593
00:41:25,083 --> 00:41:27,617
♪ ♪
594
00:41:27,652 --> 00:41:34,290
♪ ♪
595
00:41:34,326 --> 00:41:36,926
The great white is methodical.
596
00:41:36,962 --> 00:41:39,796
She knows just what to do.
597
00:41:39,831 --> 00:41:45,034
♪ ♪
598
00:41:45,070 --> 00:41:51,875
♪ ♪
599
00:41:51,910 --> 00:41:53,643
Ryan: And there is
a chance that helen,
600
00:41:53,678 --> 00:41:55,845
The shark that
attacked this whale,
601
00:41:55,881 --> 00:41:57,547
Has in fact learned
this behavior,
602
00:41:57,582 --> 00:41:59,616
And it is unique to her.
603
00:41:59,651 --> 00:42:01,784
But on the other hand,
it could have been
604
00:42:01,820 --> 00:42:03,720
That it's just
a very common behavior,
605
00:42:03,755 --> 00:42:06,222
That for some reason
scientists around the world
606
00:42:06,258 --> 00:42:09,058
Have not been able
to observe before.
607
00:42:09,094 --> 00:42:12,095
Narrator: When ryan compiles this video evidence together
608
00:42:12,130 --> 00:42:15,298
With the footage of helen's methodical expert attack,
609
00:42:15,333 --> 00:42:19,369
He arrives at just one conclusion.
610
00:42:19,404 --> 00:42:21,771
White sharks are going after whales
611
00:42:21,806 --> 00:42:23,840
More often than we think.
612
00:42:39,057 --> 00:42:41,691
(whale blows)
613
00:42:41,726 --> 00:42:45,762
After 50 minutes of patient, persistent effort,
614
00:42:45,797 --> 00:42:48,431
The whale draws its last breath
615
00:42:48,466 --> 00:42:51,401
And helen succeeds in drowning it.
616
00:43:07,485 --> 00:43:12,889
♪ ♪
617
00:43:12,924 --> 00:43:14,724
Ryan: Filming it and
actually documenting,
618
00:43:14,759 --> 00:43:19,028
You get conclusive evidence
that great white sharks
619
00:43:19,064 --> 00:43:21,564
Can in fact predate
and hunt on whales,
620
00:43:21,566 --> 00:43:23,733
And that's brand new to science.
621
00:43:23,768 --> 00:43:26,636
It's never been seen before,
never been documented before,
622
00:43:26,671 --> 00:43:30,106
And it opens up an entirely
new avenue of research.
623
00:43:32,410 --> 00:43:34,210
Narrator: Helen, the white shark,
624
00:43:34,245 --> 00:43:38,815
Found vulnerability and opportunity.
625
00:43:38,850 --> 00:43:42,585
She calculated the risks, successfully took down
626
00:43:42,621 --> 00:43:46,756
Not a seal, but a whale, and ate her reward.
627
00:43:48,960 --> 00:43:52,095
Great white sharks are among the most lethal and effective
628
00:43:52,130 --> 00:43:55,632
Apex predators on the planet,
629
00:43:55,667 --> 00:43:58,668
And helen is likely not the only whale hunter
630
00:43:58,703 --> 00:44:00,336
On this coast.
631
00:44:04,275 --> 00:44:06,175
Captioned by
side door media services
50806
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