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They've prowled earth's oceans and seas
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For more than 400 million years
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And survived five mass extinctions.
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They might be the world's favorite real-life monsters,
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But how monstrous are they, really?
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♪ ♪
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Renowned predators,
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Sharks are also vulnerable prey...
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♪ ♪
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...With surprising sex lives.
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However you look at sharks,
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They're more complex than anyone gives them credit for.
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♪ ♪
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If we want to know all there is to know about sharks,
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We're gonna need a bigger boat.
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Elusive, captivating, and full of surprises.
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For the very first time, sharks are spilling their secrets.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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What's more private than sex?
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At the heart of a south pacific atoll
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In the shelter of a sleepy lagoon,
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Two whitetip reef sharks find romance,
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Or at least a shark version of it.
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Sharks may be passionate, but they're not sentimental,
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And mating can get kind of rough.
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And this male is literally ready to bite.
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But he's got competition.
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While the first male clamps down on one of her fins
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To get her attention,
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His rival grabs the other.
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The female can't escape this whirlwind romance.
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These aren't just love bites; they can be deep and painful.
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Fortunately, she has thick skin--
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Twice as thick as the males'--
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And it heals quickly.
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Whitetip shark love isn't for the faint of heart.
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♪ ♪
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The ménage à trois doesn't last for long.
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One of the suitors lets go,
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And the pair descends to the ocean floor
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To make baby sharks.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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The male inserts his reproductive organ,
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His clasper, into the female's cloaca.
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Male sharks are endowed with two claspers
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But use only one at a time.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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Despite all the foreplay, the mating takes only moments.
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He inflates his siphon sac with seawater
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To impregnate the female.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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A moray eel doesn't appreciate
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The violent tryst outside his front door.
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In an incident never before captured on film,
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The moment the male withdraws his clasper, the eel grabs it.
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The female, finished with him, leaves.
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The whitetip will give birth to live young in about a year.
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And because she may breed with another male,
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Her babies could be from different fathers.
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Meanwhile, the hapless male struggles
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To yank his clasper from the jaws of his tormentor.
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♪ ♪
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He manages to pull out,
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Getting his white tip the heck out of there.
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After her kinky night,
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The female whitetip reef shark could use a rest.
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She hangs out with the other female and male whitetips
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In the sand or among the coral.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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They catch up on "current" events.
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Their muscular gills create a current
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That brings in oxygenated water.
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That's their superpower.
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Most other sharks need to keep moving in order to breathe.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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Farther west across the pacific, in the sea of japan,
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Sex is less rowdy but no less awkward
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For an amorous pair of bamboo sharks,
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Caught in this exclusive footage.
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The male searches for the source
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Of an alluring female scent.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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He declares his intentions with the usual unsubtle foreplay:
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Biting her fin.
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She's no prude, but right now she's really not that into it.
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She tries to flee.
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He doesn't back down, just changes his tactics,
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Driving her to the bottom to keep her from slipping away.
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♪ ♪
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The upside-down couple enters a state of tonic immobility,
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A kind of hypnosis common to mating sharks.
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The female swoons.
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And the male skips the foreplay
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And inserts one of his claspers for the main event.
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Afterward she tolerates his company.
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Soon he'll wander off in search of other conquests,
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And she'll hunt for a quiet place to lay her eggs.
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♪ ♪
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In polynesia's fakarava pass, alone time is hard to come by.
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♪ ♪
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700 grey reef sharks bask lazily on the current
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When they need to relax.
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But here, there's another option:
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Lounging.
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Gliding against the current,
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These six-foot sharks can oxygenate their cells
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With only minimal effort.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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This remora, a weak-swimming fish
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With a suction cup instead of a dorsal fin, reports for duty.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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He attaches himself below the shark's belly
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Or settles into the stream of water generated by his host.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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He's here for a free ride and a free lunch,
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Nibbling parasites from the shark's scales.
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♪ ♪
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This rare footage captures a remora
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Getting a little too familiar,
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Poking the gills to slurp some mucus.
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If he's not careful, he could end up as a shark snack
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And be a remora no more.
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But most sharks have bigger fish to fry,
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And some won't even hesitate
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To attack and devour their own kind.
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This grey reef shark got nailed by a hammerhead
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And almost lost his own head.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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Another hammerhead victim
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Welcomes the remora's dedication
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To keeping his wound clean.
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Any way you slice it, sharks have complicated,
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Surprisingly varied, and often dangerous lives.
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Coming up, a shark that racks up
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The biggest body count of all,
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And the secret hunting techniques
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Of a shark that doesn't like to eat alone.
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Nighttime belongs to the hunters.
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In the maldives,
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When the full moon shines over the indian ocean,
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The world's largest fish surfaces for a feast.
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Zooplankton, microscopic critters,
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Dance by the light of the moon.
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Cousins of the shark.
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But the rays quickly scatter
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When the guest of honor arrives.
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Rising from a depth of 3,000 feet,
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The whale shark, big and hungry as a busload of teenagers,
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Can weigh 20 tons.
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With his almost five-foot-wide mouth gaping,
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He advances, filtering the plankton
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And expelling the water through his gills,
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1,500 gallons an hour.
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♪ ♪
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Unlike other sharks, the whale shark's mouth
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Is in front of his head rather than below it,
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For more efficient filtering.
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Whale sharks have 300 rows of tiny teeth,
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But they don't use them to eat.
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He needs to slurp down one ton of tiny zooplankton a day,
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Which means he kills more than any other shark.
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♪ ♪
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Nighttime is also dinnertime for whitetip reef sharks here.
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When darkness falls on costa rica's cocos island,
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And their prey can't easily see them,
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They gather at the lagoon,
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Their predatory instincts in overdrive.
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They haven't eaten in days, and they've got big appetites.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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This agile, five-foot shark can flush out fish
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By slipping into the nooks and crannies of a reef,
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Swimming backwards, and even doing u-turns.
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Individually, these fierce-looking predators
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Are mediocre hunters.
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So they use the power of numbers and hunt in groups.
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Like many sharks, they sense their prey
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By feeling pressure waves in the water,
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Or by the tiny electrical fields
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Emitted by all living things.
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This filefish doesn't bother to hide;
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If it stays still, the sharks can't detect it.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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The carangid fish is even bolder.
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She doesn't fear whitetips
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Because their mouths are too small to swallow her.
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Her hunting helps stir up prey for the sharks,
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And she's happy to grab their scraps when the feeding begins.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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Even though they hunt in a group,
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The cooperation stops there.
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It's every shark for himself.
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If prey slips past one,
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Another might grab it,
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And she's not sharing.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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The result is a whitetip feeding frenzy.
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They'll bite anything that moves,
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And they'll keep it up until dawn.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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Together, whitetips rule the reef.
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But some loners are also night prowlers.
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If you find yourself in shark-infested waters,
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Pray that they're greenland sharks
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And that you have a thermal wetsuit.
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These sharks live in the arctic's icy waters
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And are as old as marine dinosaurs.
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The nearly 14-foot sharks
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Grow no more than half an inch a year,
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And could live for 400 years.
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Not only is a greenland shark one of the oldest sharks,
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It's also probably the slowest fish in the sea.
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If she chases you, simply walk away.
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Her maximum speed is slower than the average human gait:
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Three miles an hour.
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And yet she manages to catch seals,
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Probably ambushing them while they sleep.
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Her hundred or so teeth work like a knife and fork.
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Her upper teeth grasp the prey
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While the lower ones slice its flesh.
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As if things weren't complicated enough,
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A parasite has latched onto her eye,
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Condemning her to centuries of blindness.
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It's a small consolation that her tiny tormentor's glow
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Helps the greenland shark attract prey.
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♪ ♪
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So little is known about this shark
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That much of her long life is a mystery.
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Finding food can be a struggle, even for apex predators.
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But every year or so,
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There's a party off the coast of south africa,
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And there's a shocking guest of honor.
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What's more thrilling than a shark?
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A mob of them.
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Sharks might have invented crowd sourcing.
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Every year, between may and July,
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Billions of migrating sardines come to spawn
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Off the coast of south africa.
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Catering one of the largest feeding frenzies in the world.
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Sharks make the guest list.
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Hundreds of copper sharks
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Swooping through a dense, oily cloud of fish.
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♪ ♪
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♪ ♪
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The sardines try to thwart the attack
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By banding together into a tight, shimmering disco ball.
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When a shark strikes, the sardines scatter and escape.
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Or at least that's the plan.
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00:18:44,290 --> 00:18:46,424
But the battle's not over.
273
00:18:46,426 --> 00:18:49,227
While the sharks harass the sardines from below,
274
00:18:49,229 --> 00:18:53,631
Cape gannets mount an aerial attack.
275
00:18:53,633 --> 00:18:56,767
Sharks and birds corner the little fishes,
276
00:18:56,769 --> 00:18:58,970
Benefiting them both.
277
00:19:01,708 --> 00:19:08,346
(birds squawking)
278
00:19:08,348 --> 00:19:09,914
Air trapped in their feathers
279
00:19:09,916 --> 00:19:13,284
Hampers the gannets' ability to dive deep,
280
00:19:13,286 --> 00:19:15,753
So they have to strike hard.
281
00:19:18,158 --> 00:19:21,626
They hit the water headfirst with arrow-like posture,
282
00:19:21,628 --> 00:19:23,027
Folding their wings behind them
283
00:19:23,029 --> 00:19:26,164
To minimize the force of impact.
284
00:19:29,068 --> 00:19:34,172
Besieged on all sides, the sardine defense starts to fail.
285
00:19:34,174 --> 00:19:38,075
♪ ♪
286
00:19:38,077 --> 00:19:44,115
♪ ♪
287
00:19:44,117 --> 00:19:45,750
To make things worse,
288
00:19:45,752 --> 00:19:48,486
A bryde's whale crashes the party.
289
00:19:48,488 --> 00:19:50,221
Rising from the depths,
290
00:19:50,223 --> 00:19:54,892
This 15-ton giant devours sardines by the thousands.
291
00:19:54,894 --> 00:20:00,598
♪ ♪
292
00:20:00,600 --> 00:20:02,099
Even the copper sharks
293
00:20:02,101 --> 00:20:06,070
Give this 50-foot behemoth a wide berth.
294
00:20:06,072 --> 00:20:11,108
♪ ♪
295
00:20:17,617 --> 00:20:22,153
And then it's over as suddenly as it began.
296
00:20:24,123 --> 00:20:27,925
In south africa, the sardine run is in full swing.
297
00:20:27,927 --> 00:20:32,163
Meanwhile, in polynesia, sharks there whet their appetites
298
00:20:32,165 --> 00:20:35,099
For another mega-banquet.
299
00:20:35,101 --> 00:20:38,502
In the pass of fakarava, nearby on the reef,
300
00:20:38,504 --> 00:20:41,739
Groupers arrive, ready to spawn.
301
00:20:41,741 --> 00:20:46,510
The grey reef sharks bide their time until nightfall.
302
00:20:47,247 --> 00:20:50,248
(motor running)
303
00:20:50,250 --> 00:20:52,316
The scientists, divers, and cameramen
304
00:20:52,318 --> 00:20:54,385
From the gombessa expedition
305
00:20:54,387 --> 00:20:56,921
Were the first to document this behavior,
306
00:20:56,923 --> 00:21:00,591
After four long years of study.
307
00:21:00,593 --> 00:21:03,027
♪ ♪
308
00:21:03,029 --> 00:21:09,734
♪ ♪
309
00:21:09,736 --> 00:21:13,271
At night, the groupers instinctively know the danger
310
00:21:13,273 --> 00:21:16,407
And try to hide as best they can.
311
00:21:19,245 --> 00:21:24,348
Meanwhile, the grey reefs plot their next move.
312
00:21:24,350 --> 00:21:27,451
These sharks are relentless hunters.
313
00:21:27,453 --> 00:21:34,258
♪ ♪
314
00:21:34,260 --> 00:21:40,798
♪ ♪
315
00:21:40,800 --> 00:21:44,402
When one grouper gets caught, the frenzied mob of sharks
316
00:21:44,404 --> 00:21:48,272
Swirls around it like a dryer full of steak knives.
317
00:21:51,544 --> 00:21:54,478
There are plenty of other groupers ripe for plucking,
318
00:21:54,480 --> 00:21:57,248
But this unfortunate one becomes the sole object
319
00:21:57,250 --> 00:21:59,650
Of their carnivorous desire.
320
00:21:59,652 --> 00:22:04,355
♪ ♪
321
00:22:04,357 --> 00:22:06,757
700 sharks!
322
00:22:06,759 --> 00:22:10,027
That's the biggest shark flash mob in the world.
323
00:22:10,029 --> 00:22:12,463
♪ ♪
324
00:22:12,465 --> 00:22:19,136
♪ ♪
325
00:22:19,138 --> 00:22:21,806
It's a game of cooperation and competition
326
00:22:21,808 --> 00:22:24,008
When the horde gets down to business.
327
00:22:24,010 --> 00:22:30,681
♪ ♪
328
00:22:30,683 --> 00:22:35,553
But this selfish teamwork has an impressive 42% success rate.
329
00:22:37,957 --> 00:22:39,857
Even the most efficient of wolf packs
330
00:22:39,859 --> 00:22:43,961
Snares its prey only 14% of the time.
331
00:22:43,963 --> 00:22:47,598
And unlike sharks, they share the spoils.
332
00:22:47,600 --> 00:22:54,572
♪ ♪
333
00:22:54,574 --> 00:23:01,645
♪ ♪
334
00:23:01,647 --> 00:23:08,652
♪ ♪
335
00:23:08,654 --> 00:23:15,593
♪ ♪
336
00:23:15,595 --> 00:23:19,163
The groupers suffered major losses today.
337
00:23:19,165 --> 00:23:21,465
But the shark horde isn't greedy.
338
00:23:21,467 --> 00:23:25,836
They take only what's strictly necessary for their survival.
339
00:23:25,838 --> 00:23:28,272
♪ ♪
340
00:23:28,274 --> 00:23:34,712
♪ ♪
341
00:23:34,714 --> 00:23:41,152
♪ ♪
342
00:23:41,154 --> 00:23:48,125
♪ ♪
343
00:23:48,127 --> 00:23:51,829
Coming up, life can be tough for sharks,
344
00:23:51,831 --> 00:23:54,698
Even before they're born.
345
00:24:05,845 --> 00:24:08,379
Even though sharks rule their environment,
346
00:24:08,381 --> 00:24:10,648
They start out as helpless babes,
347
00:24:10,650 --> 00:24:13,617
Or maybe not so helpless.
348
00:24:13,619 --> 00:24:18,656
40% of shark species are oviparous, or egg-laying.
349
00:24:18,658 --> 00:24:20,124
During breeding season,
350
00:24:20,126 --> 00:24:23,294
A female may lay them daily or weekly.
351
00:24:23,296 --> 00:24:26,530
The sac, commonly called a "mermaid's purse,"
352
00:24:26,532 --> 00:24:30,601
Is stashed away, safe from roving predators.
353
00:24:30,603 --> 00:24:33,404
Though they've been doing this for millions of years,
354
00:24:33,406 --> 00:24:37,007
It's rarely ever caught on film.
355
00:24:37,009 --> 00:24:39,643
Spirals at each end help the sac cling
356
00:24:39,645 --> 00:24:42,813
So the current doesn't carry it away.
357
00:24:42,815 --> 00:24:45,683
This catshark fetus is several months old
358
00:24:45,685 --> 00:24:48,686
And starting to look like a fish.
359
00:24:48,688 --> 00:24:52,256
All the nutrition it needs is in the yolk sac.
360
00:24:54,126 --> 00:24:58,329
In a few weeks, eyes, mouth and fins will form.
361
00:24:58,331 --> 00:25:01,398
Gills will grow on the side of its head.
362
00:25:04,637 --> 00:25:07,238
For now, the fetus breathes through vessels
363
00:25:07,240 --> 00:25:09,874
That extract oxygen from the water.
364
00:25:09,876 --> 00:25:15,513
♪ ♪
365
00:25:15,515 --> 00:25:17,281
When the yolk sac is empty,
366
00:25:17,283 --> 00:25:21,318
The baby shark will make its debut in the deep blue.
367
00:25:21,320 --> 00:25:23,754
♪ ♪
368
00:25:23,756 --> 00:25:30,127
♪ ♪
369
00:25:30,129 --> 00:25:32,796
After months of incubation,
370
00:25:32,798 --> 00:25:36,400
A baby epaulette will soon show his snout.
371
00:25:36,402 --> 00:25:38,836
♪ ♪
372
00:25:38,838 --> 00:25:43,607
♪ ♪
373
00:25:43,609 --> 00:25:47,444
Witnessing a birth is always a highly emotional experience,
374
00:25:47,446 --> 00:25:49,179
And opportunities to be present
375
00:25:49,181 --> 00:25:52,483
For the birth of a shark pup are rare!
376
00:25:52,485 --> 00:25:57,454
♪ ♪
377
00:25:57,456 --> 00:26:00,491
Sharks have no maternal instincts.
378
00:26:00,493 --> 00:26:02,526
Once he emerges from the capsule,
379
00:26:02,528 --> 00:26:05,362
He must feed and defend himself,
380
00:26:05,364 --> 00:26:07,164
Relying on instinct alone
381
00:26:07,166 --> 00:26:10,601
To face the challenges of life in the ocean.
382
00:26:10,603 --> 00:26:17,041
♪ ♪
383
00:26:17,043 --> 00:26:23,814
♪ ♪
384
00:26:23,816 --> 00:26:27,851
In the bahamas, lemon sharks, up to nine feet long,
385
00:26:27,853 --> 00:26:32,289
Blend into the mangroves of the archipelago.
386
00:26:32,291 --> 00:26:35,993
Every two years, the females return to give live birth
387
00:26:35,995 --> 00:26:38,596
In the place they were born.
388
00:26:42,501 --> 00:26:44,668
Each mom-to-be has been carrying
389
00:26:44,670 --> 00:26:47,738
4 to 17 fetuses for a year.
390
00:26:50,610 --> 00:26:52,943
The lemon shark is viviparous;
391
00:26:52,945 --> 00:26:55,946
Placental connections between mother and growing sharks
392
00:26:55,948 --> 00:26:58,048
Deliver the nourishment they need,
393
00:26:58,050 --> 00:27:00,584
Just like human babies.
394
00:27:00,586 --> 00:27:05,589
♪ ♪
395
00:27:05,591 --> 00:27:08,025
Today's the big day.
396
00:27:08,027 --> 00:27:12,663
♪ ♪
397
00:27:12,665 --> 00:27:14,698
The umbilical-like cords break,
398
00:27:14,700 --> 00:27:17,835
And the babies begin life's great adventure.
399
00:27:17,837 --> 00:27:21,038
Though for now they're confined to the kiddie pool.
400
00:27:21,040 --> 00:27:25,876
♪ ♪
401
00:27:25,878 --> 00:27:28,445
The two-foot newborns are born with teeth
402
00:27:28,447 --> 00:27:33,150
But lack experience to confront the harsh ocean.
403
00:27:33,152 --> 00:27:36,153
Birth is the last time they'll see their mothers,
404
00:27:36,155 --> 00:27:39,189
So their teachers will be trial and error.
405
00:27:39,191 --> 00:27:45,095
♪ ♪
406
00:27:45,097 --> 00:27:47,965
In the privacy of their mangrove ecosystem,
407
00:27:47,967 --> 00:27:51,368
They'll find enough food and be safe from predators.
408
00:27:51,370 --> 00:27:53,537
Although cannibalistic adult lemon sharks
409
00:27:53,539 --> 00:27:55,973
Sometimes raid the nursery.
410
00:27:55,975 --> 00:28:01,945
♪ ♪
411
00:28:01,947 --> 00:28:03,514
At age three or four,
412
00:28:03,516 --> 00:28:06,784
The young will be ready to head out to sea.
413
00:28:06,786 --> 00:28:12,222
♪ ♪
414
00:28:12,224 --> 00:28:17,695
♪ ♪
415
00:28:17,697 --> 00:28:24,568
♪ ♪
416
00:28:24,570 --> 00:28:27,071
Off the coast of north carolina,
417
00:28:27,073 --> 00:28:29,440
A ship's graveyard becomes an arena
418
00:28:29,442 --> 00:28:32,743
For tiny, unborn gladiators.
419
00:28:37,450 --> 00:28:41,452
Sand tiger sharks prize these shipwrecks as a refuge,
420
00:28:41,454 --> 00:28:45,255
Pantry, and occasional tourist destination.
421
00:28:48,728 --> 00:28:52,563
Migrating sharks will sometimes travel more than 1,000 miles
422
00:28:52,565 --> 00:28:56,266
Out of their way to visit these artificial reefs.
423
00:28:59,538 --> 00:29:02,406
Resting, they effortlessly stay afloat,
424
00:29:02,408 --> 00:29:04,108
Gulping air from the surface
425
00:29:04,110 --> 00:29:09,446
To use like a diver's buoyancy control device.
426
00:29:09,448 --> 00:29:13,650
They move in slow motion, but they can strike fast.
427
00:29:13,652 --> 00:29:20,023
♪ ♪
428
00:29:20,025 --> 00:29:23,527
With their pointed snouts and perpetually bared teeth,
429
00:29:23,529 --> 00:29:26,997
Sand tigers look ferocious.
430
00:29:26,999 --> 00:29:30,000
Their teeth, arranged in irregular rows,
431
00:29:30,002 --> 00:29:34,638
Are adapted to snatch moving prey.
432
00:29:34,640 --> 00:29:37,441
Like all sharks, they have multiple rows of teeth
433
00:29:37,443 --> 00:29:40,244
That get continually replaced.
434
00:29:40,246 --> 00:29:41,779
Over a lifetime,
435
00:29:41,781 --> 00:29:46,283
Some sharks may go through 30,000 teeth.
436
00:29:46,285 --> 00:29:49,353
Right now they're ignoring the bounty of fish
437
00:29:49,355 --> 00:29:51,688
Because they hunt by night.
438
00:29:54,393 --> 00:29:59,096
But every sand shark's first meal is its siblings.
439
00:29:59,098 --> 00:30:04,334
♪ ♪
440
00:30:04,336 --> 00:30:07,971
Intrauterine cannibalism is a thing.
441
00:30:07,973 --> 00:30:10,507
When the eggs hatch inside their mother,
442
00:30:10,509 --> 00:30:14,244
The sand tiger smackdown begins.
443
00:30:14,246 --> 00:30:17,414
The strongest embryo will devour its brothers and sisters
444
00:30:17,416 --> 00:30:19,650
Until it's the sole survivor,
445
00:30:19,652 --> 00:30:23,787
Taking sibling rivalry to its darwinian extreme.
446
00:30:23,789 --> 00:30:28,292
♪ ♪
447
00:30:28,294 --> 00:30:30,060
Up next, these sharks
448
00:30:30,062 --> 00:30:33,797
Take a more ninja-like approach to hunting.
449
00:30:33,799 --> 00:30:36,233
The victims of these solo assassins
450
00:30:36,235 --> 00:30:38,435
Never see them coming.
451
00:30:51,050 --> 00:30:53,417
Today marine biologists recognize
452
00:30:53,419 --> 00:30:56,887
About 500 species of shark.
453
00:30:56,889 --> 00:31:00,290
One stands out, literally.
454
00:31:04,697 --> 00:31:07,431
On this sunny coral reef in australia,
455
00:31:07,433 --> 00:31:12,135
A young epaulette shark stayed too long.
456
00:31:12,137 --> 00:31:15,672
The tide's going out.
457
00:31:15,674 --> 00:31:19,576
He's stranded and doomed... Or is he?
458
00:31:19,578 --> 00:31:22,012
♪ ♪
459
00:31:22,014 --> 00:31:28,252
♪ ♪
460
00:31:28,254 --> 00:31:30,087
Nature's gifted him with the ability
461
00:31:30,089 --> 00:31:32,689
To use his fins like feet.
462
00:31:32,691 --> 00:31:34,992
He's actually in his element here,
463
00:31:34,994 --> 00:31:37,127
Hunting for crustaceans and fish
464
00:31:37,129 --> 00:31:40,330
That are really trapped by the receding waters.
465
00:31:40,332 --> 00:31:45,969
♪ ♪
466
00:31:45,971 --> 00:31:52,709
♪ ♪
467
00:31:52,711 --> 00:31:55,412
But his powers go way beyond that.
468
00:31:55,414 --> 00:31:59,783
He can slow his heart rate and limit blood flow to his brain.
469
00:31:59,785 --> 00:32:01,518
Operating on autopilot,
470
00:32:01,520 --> 00:32:04,721
He can survive about an hour without breathing,
471
00:32:04,723 --> 00:32:08,091
At temperatures approaching 90 degrees.
472
00:32:11,196 --> 00:32:12,930
The clock's ticking,
473
00:32:12,932 --> 00:32:16,600
So it's time to cast off into the rising tide.
474
00:32:16,602 --> 00:32:19,036
♪ ♪
475
00:32:19,038 --> 00:32:24,675
♪ ♪
476
00:32:24,677 --> 00:32:27,778
Sharks get creative when it comes to survival.
477
00:32:27,780 --> 00:32:32,382
Some are escape artists, while others roll out the red carpet.
478
00:32:34,920 --> 00:32:36,853
When it comes to hidden sharks,
479
00:32:36,855 --> 00:32:39,222
This one looks more like a frilly oven mitt
480
00:32:39,224 --> 00:32:41,191
Than a stealthy killer.
481
00:32:41,193 --> 00:32:46,463
♪ ♪
482
00:32:46,465 --> 00:32:48,665
The bearded wobbegong's a loner
483
00:32:48,667 --> 00:32:50,567
Who sticks to a few favorite hangouts
484
00:32:50,569 --> 00:32:53,203
Along the australian reef.
485
00:32:53,205 --> 00:32:56,273
He can grow about four feet long.
486
00:32:59,845 --> 00:33:03,914
You can see why he's sometimes called a carpet shark.
487
00:33:07,586 --> 00:33:09,653
The beard matches the carpet,
488
00:33:09,655 --> 00:33:12,489
But those frills do more than camouflage;
489
00:33:12,491 --> 00:33:15,792
They detect ripples from passing prey.
490
00:33:15,794 --> 00:33:20,364
♪ ♪
491
00:33:20,366 --> 00:33:26,803
♪ ♪
492
00:33:26,805 --> 00:33:31,375
By day he lies in ambush,
493
00:33:31,377 --> 00:33:35,379
Biding his time.
494
00:33:35,381 --> 00:33:37,981
Timing is everything.
495
00:33:37,983 --> 00:33:40,417
♪ ♪
496
00:33:40,419 --> 00:33:45,856
♪ ♪
497
00:33:45,858 --> 00:33:52,562
♪ ♪
498
00:33:52,564 --> 00:33:54,431
When he snaps open his mouth,
499
00:33:54,433 --> 00:33:57,734
The suction draws in the unsuspecting prey.
500
00:33:57,736 --> 00:34:01,104
His short, needle-like teeth do the rest.
501
00:34:01,106 --> 00:34:03,573
♪ ♪
502
00:34:03,575 --> 00:34:08,612
♪ ♪
503
00:34:08,614 --> 00:34:13,316
Then he just relaxes until his next course is served.
504
00:34:18,290 --> 00:34:19,990
In south africa,
505
00:34:19,992 --> 00:34:24,795
The pyjama catshark takes a more active approach.
506
00:34:24,797 --> 00:34:27,097
This three-and-a-half-foot shark gets its name
507
00:34:27,099 --> 00:34:31,435
For its pajama-like stripes and cat-like hunting style.
508
00:34:34,273 --> 00:34:38,241
A group of squid, one of her favorite foods.
509
00:34:42,047 --> 00:34:47,017
She hides in their egg bed, camouflaged by her stripes.
510
00:34:47,019 --> 00:34:50,821
She slinks closer and prepares to pounce.
511
00:34:50,823 --> 00:34:53,256
♪ ♪
512
00:34:53,258 --> 00:34:58,795
♪ ♪
513
00:34:58,797 --> 00:35:02,866
Like a tiger, she picks a squid isolated from the group.
514
00:35:02,868 --> 00:35:07,437
♪ ♪
515
00:35:07,439 --> 00:35:09,906
It's not an easy kill.
516
00:35:09,908 --> 00:35:14,277
She rolls it vigorously.
517
00:35:14,279 --> 00:35:17,547
A blast of ink from the dying squid blinds her,
518
00:35:17,549 --> 00:35:20,750
But she's not deterred.
519
00:35:20,752 --> 00:35:24,554
The tussle draws attention from other hungry sharks.
520
00:35:24,556 --> 00:35:28,125
Soon it's like a pajama party gone wild.
521
00:35:28,127 --> 00:35:34,431
♪ ♪
522
00:35:34,433 --> 00:35:40,937
♪ ♪
523
00:35:40,939 --> 00:35:46,476
And one aggressive guest swims off with the prize.
524
00:35:46,478 --> 00:35:49,045
Sharks don't have to worry about ink stains,
525
00:35:49,047 --> 00:35:53,150
But some make an effort to keep their killer good looks.
526
00:35:55,654 --> 00:36:02,192
In palau, some coral reefs become dedicated shark spas,
527
00:36:02,194 --> 00:36:03,994
Cleaning stations where marine life
528
00:36:03,996 --> 00:36:06,463
Can get pesky parasites removed,
529
00:36:06,465 --> 00:36:09,166
No appointment necessary.
530
00:36:13,839 --> 00:36:16,439
And this grey reef shark is a big fan
531
00:36:16,441 --> 00:36:19,743
Of the services offered by the cleaner wrasse.
532
00:36:24,016 --> 00:36:26,850
These tiny fish earn their five-star reviews
533
00:36:26,852 --> 00:36:30,820
With their special brand of skin, jaw, and gill care.
534
00:36:32,958 --> 00:36:35,358
The shark could easily swallow the fish,
535
00:36:35,360 --> 00:36:38,628
But then, who would he get to floss his teeth?
536
00:36:41,066 --> 00:36:42,599
The shark stays healthy
537
00:36:42,601 --> 00:36:45,535
And the wrasse gets a good parasite meal.
538
00:36:45,537 --> 00:36:47,470
Everyone benefits.
539
00:36:50,709 --> 00:36:54,010
During the treatment, the shark has to keep swimming upward,
540
00:36:54,012 --> 00:36:57,914
Facing the current, or he'll sink.
541
00:36:57,916 --> 00:37:02,385
The wrasses keep busy and alert.
542
00:37:02,387 --> 00:37:06,723
♪ ♪
543
00:37:06,725 --> 00:37:11,328
Some sharks make a real effort to avoid devouring the help.
544
00:37:13,966 --> 00:37:18,668
Coming up, life can be tough, even for apex predators.
545
00:37:20,472 --> 00:37:22,806
And the private life of a movie star
546
00:37:22,808 --> 00:37:25,175
Can be less than glamorous.
547
00:37:36,788 --> 00:37:39,656
Sharks seem like born survivors,
548
00:37:39,658 --> 00:37:43,026
Showing up at the right place at the right time.
549
00:37:43,028 --> 00:37:47,097
They know how to exploit an opportunity.
550
00:37:47,099 --> 00:37:48,965
For a few months each year,
551
00:37:48,967 --> 00:37:51,301
Leatherback turtles leave the deep sea
552
00:37:51,303 --> 00:37:54,504
To lay eggs on the beach;
553
00:37:54,506 --> 00:37:59,276
A ritual this tiger shark looks forward to every year.
554
00:37:59,278 --> 00:38:03,680
Exhausted from hauling herself on shore and burying her eggs,
555
00:38:03,682 --> 00:38:08,718
The turtle heads back to the open ocean.
556
00:38:08,720 --> 00:38:13,023
Even on her best day, she's no match for a tiger shark.
557
00:38:13,025 --> 00:38:17,160
♪ ♪
558
00:38:17,162 --> 00:38:21,631
The attack is swift and brutal.
559
00:38:21,633 --> 00:38:23,733
Beginning with her paddle-like legs,
560
00:38:23,735 --> 00:38:26,336
Exposed and unprotected.
561
00:38:29,274 --> 00:38:33,476
The tiger shark's jaws can even pierce the turtle's shell.
562
00:38:33,478 --> 00:38:35,912
♪ ♪
563
00:38:35,914 --> 00:38:42,352
♪ ♪
564
00:38:42,354 --> 00:38:48,491
♪ ♪
565
00:38:48,493 --> 00:38:52,329
The shark circles the carcass to mark its territory.
566
00:38:56,435 --> 00:39:00,036
But other tiger sharks risk joining the feast.
567
00:39:00,038 --> 00:39:04,407
♪ ♪
568
00:39:04,409 --> 00:39:11,348
♪ ♪
569
00:39:11,350 --> 00:39:17,320
Tiger sharks will eat anything, from turtles to tires.
570
00:39:17,322 --> 00:39:22,092
Within minutes, there's nothing left but the empty husk.
571
00:39:22,094 --> 00:39:29,065
♪ ♪
572
00:39:29,067 --> 00:39:36,039
♪ ♪
573
00:39:36,041 --> 00:39:42,946
♪ ♪
574
00:39:47,853 --> 00:39:50,453
With its highly developed olfactory lobes,
575
00:39:50,455 --> 00:39:53,656
A tiger shark can sniff out minute scent molecules
576
00:39:53,658 --> 00:39:58,094
Within a radius of 450 yards.
577
00:39:58,096 --> 00:39:59,796
And here in south africa,
578
00:39:59,798 --> 00:40:02,499
One tantalizing scent is like catnip
579
00:40:02,501 --> 00:40:05,835
To these typically reclusive tiger sharks.
580
00:40:09,808 --> 00:40:12,142
This fierce predator won't turn its nose up
581
00:40:12,144 --> 00:40:15,378
At the chance to scavenge a whale carcass.
582
00:40:15,380 --> 00:40:20,016
♪ ♪
583
00:40:20,018 --> 00:40:26,656
♪ ♪
584
00:40:26,658 --> 00:40:30,593
The energy-rich blubber in the head is a delicacy,
585
00:40:30,595 --> 00:40:34,464
The pièce de résistance of this 40-ton feast.
586
00:40:34,466 --> 00:40:40,470
♪ ♪
587
00:40:40,472 --> 00:40:47,143
♪ ♪
588
00:40:47,145 --> 00:40:50,079
The fat of the whale flesh can spread on the currents
589
00:40:50,081 --> 00:40:52,549
Over several dozen miles.
590
00:40:52,551 --> 00:40:56,986
♪ ♪
591
00:40:56,988 --> 00:41:03,493
♪ ♪
592
00:41:03,495 --> 00:41:09,899
♪ ♪
593
00:41:09,901 --> 00:41:16,606
♪ ♪
594
00:41:16,608 --> 00:41:18,775
But the tiger shark loses its appetite
595
00:41:18,777 --> 00:41:23,413
When a great white makes a guest appearance.
596
00:41:23,415 --> 00:41:27,016
It's a competitor he doesn't want to tangle with.
597
00:41:29,921 --> 00:41:31,821
The celebrity of the shark world,
598
00:41:31,823 --> 00:41:35,225
The great white shark is larger than life,
599
00:41:35,227 --> 00:41:37,460
Chum for the hungry press,
600
00:41:37,462 --> 00:41:40,363
Always described in superlatives:
601
00:41:40,365 --> 00:41:41,798
Biggest...
602
00:41:41,800 --> 00:41:43,266
Baddest...
603
00:41:43,268 --> 00:41:44,901
Scariest.
604
00:41:44,903 --> 00:41:48,137
♪ ♪
605
00:41:48,139 --> 00:41:53,576
♪ ♪
606
00:41:53,578 --> 00:42:00,183
♪ ♪
607
00:42:00,185 --> 00:42:03,019
But when the cameras are off,
608
00:42:03,021 --> 00:42:06,890
The most dominant, curious, and fascinating shark on the planet
609
00:42:06,892 --> 00:42:10,560
Is, above all, a highly effective hunter.
610
00:42:10,562 --> 00:42:15,164
♪ ♪
611
00:42:15,166 --> 00:42:17,367
The great white attacks with speed,
612
00:42:17,369 --> 00:42:20,870
Precision and amazing accuracy.
613
00:42:20,872 --> 00:42:27,243
♪ ♪
614
00:42:27,245 --> 00:42:34,250
♪ ♪
615
00:42:34,252 --> 00:42:36,653
Using sunlight as camouflage,
616
00:42:36,655 --> 00:42:39,055
She rockets through the deep,
617
00:42:39,057 --> 00:42:42,425
Ramming her prey at 25 miles per hour,
618
00:42:42,427 --> 00:42:47,196
Driving it above the surface.
619
00:42:47,198 --> 00:42:48,998
But for apex predators,
620
00:42:49,000 --> 00:42:52,268
Great whites are surprisingly vulnerable.
621
00:42:54,973 --> 00:42:58,908
Because they live only 30 to 40 years and mature late,
622
00:42:58,910 --> 00:43:02,579
Females have only a brief window to give birth.
623
00:43:02,581 --> 00:43:04,514
And overhunting by humans
624
00:43:04,516 --> 00:43:08,318
Has put the iconic species in peril.
625
00:43:08,320 --> 00:43:12,388
♪ ♪
626
00:43:12,390 --> 00:43:17,560
♪ ♪
627
00:43:17,562 --> 00:43:23,099
To witness the secret lives of sharks up close
628
00:43:23,101 --> 00:43:28,638
Is to discover their vulnerable side...
629
00:43:28,640 --> 00:43:32,875
Their unrivaled skills...
630
00:43:32,877 --> 00:43:35,278
And their keen intelligence.
631
00:43:35,280 --> 00:43:40,917
♪ ♪
632
00:43:40,919 --> 00:43:44,854
They're the predators we fear most,
633
00:43:44,856 --> 00:43:48,658
Thriving in the deep ocean
634
00:43:48,660 --> 00:43:51,094
And the shallows.
635
00:43:51,096 --> 00:43:53,763
♪ ♪
636
00:43:53,765 --> 00:43:57,400
But there's no denying their magnificent wildness.
637
00:43:57,402 --> 00:44:02,939
♪ ♪
638
00:44:02,941 --> 00:44:04,607
Without sharks,
639
00:44:04,609 --> 00:44:08,177
The biodiversity of earth's oceans would suffer.
640
00:44:08,179 --> 00:44:12,715
♪ ♪
641
00:44:12,717 --> 00:44:19,088
Threatening not only the future of the marine world...
642
00:44:19,090 --> 00:44:21,591
But also our own.
643
00:44:23,294 --> 00:44:25,194
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