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Doctor, how are you today?
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How's the doctor?
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Do you prepare your lectures
in advance, Doctor,
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or do you just get
up and say anything
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that comes into your mind?
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Well, I usually try
to be in a specific--
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I seriously have taken much
more interest in nature, Doctor,
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since you've began
your lectures.
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It's funny, but I don't know.
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Yes, indeed.
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What are you speaking on
this afternoon, Doctor?
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On the sex life of the polyp.
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I think they're all
ready, Dr. Benchley.
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Thank you, Mrs. Pratt.
I'll be right there.
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Will you pardon me, please.
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Certainly, Doctor, certainly.
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Ladies, Dr. Benchley.
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I wonder if you would
take that, please.
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- Thank you very much.
- There you go, Doctor.
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Now let's see, what have we uh--
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oh, here.
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You'll remember in our last lecture
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we took up the subject
of emotional crises
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in sponge life.
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And we saw how wonderfully
nature takes care
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of the thousand and
one things which
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a sponge must think of before
it can reproduce other sponges.
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00:02:00,165 --> 00:02:03,207
We also saw, if you remember,
that a positive sponge,
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if mated with a negative sponge,
with reproduce positive sponges
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00:02:07,535 --> 00:02:08,947
and vise versa.
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00:02:09,666 --> 00:02:13,541
We also saw that this is
known as Lipscomb's Law,
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so-called after
Professor Lipscomb,
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who discovered it quite
by accident one day
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in the bathtub.
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Now this afternoon
we will take up certain phases
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of the emotional and physical
reactions of the polyp
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as expressed in its sex life,
if you can call it a sex life.
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00:02:33,487 --> 00:02:36,204
The polyp, as you know,
is that tiny organism
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which grows under the sea
and which looks something like a--
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well, you've see the snail.
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It isn't exactly like a snail,
it is smaller than a snail.
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Well, a small dog
isn't it either.
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Well, I've brought some
of the little creatures
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here, which we've been
using in the laboratory.
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And they may serve to
show what the Irishman
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called the nature of the beast.
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00:03:01,739 --> 00:03:03,864
Well, I don't seem to
have got it after all.
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00:03:04,540 --> 00:03:05,773
Well, never mind.
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I have some pictures here
which I'm going to show
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you later in the afternoon.
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Now the only way in which
your polyp resembles other animals
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at all is that at certain
periods during its growth
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it does display a
sentimental interest
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in polyps of the opposite sex.
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Now this presents
a very complicated
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situation, as the polyp
has no definite sex itself.
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That is it's neither
one thing or another.
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By that I mean, the same polyp
may be either a boy or a girl
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according to what or
how it happens to feel
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like being.
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As Dr.-- as Dr. Hasenholz says
in his valuable book----
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And this, mark you, to a man
who has given his whole life
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to a study of the subject.
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Now this tendency to change sex
at any moment, while it does
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save the polyp a great deal
of time and expense,
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never the less makes difficult
any definite analysis
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00:04:26,675 --> 00:04:28,541
of its sex behavior.
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However, Dr.
Rasmussen and I made
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some interesting
experiments along this line.
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00:04:32,915 --> 00:04:34,540
And it is the result
of these experiments
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that I wish to bring
before you this afternoon.
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I think I'll lower the
screen now, Mrs. Pratt.
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00:04:56,132 --> 00:04:57,491
Well, that's more like it.
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00:05:00,152 --> 00:05:03,277
In order to study the polyp
at close range, which
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is about the only way
you can study a polyp,
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after all, we took one of
the tiny creatures home
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with us to live.
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It was, at the
time, a girl polyp,
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so we called her Mary,
after Ethel Barrymore.
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She was at first naturally shy,
but soon grew
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accustomed to our mannish ways
and became more like a child
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of our own then like a polyp.
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Although, of course,
she looked more like a polyp than
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like a child of our own.
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It was in this way that we were
able to tell the difference.
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00:05:31,838 --> 00:05:33,680
Uh, lights out,
please, Mr. Cassidy.
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That's fine.
Thank you, Mr. Cassidy.
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00:05:42,664 --> 00:05:46,362
Now here is a picture of
Mary taken when she had
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been with us only a few weeks.
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It really isn't very good of us,
taken, as it was,
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when the light was poor and
magnified about 100 times.
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But it may serve to
give you some idea
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of her personality and charm.
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What fun it was
to watch her grow
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00:06:03,836 --> 00:06:07,239
and to feel that we were having
a share, however small, in her
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00:06:07,282 --> 00:06:08,448
develop.
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00:06:12,082 --> 00:06:13,957
Along about May we
decided that it was
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time to make our experiment.
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Now having the female,
it was naturally necessary
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for us to provide a male.
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And to this end, we went
to Bermuda for a few weeks,
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Bermuda being a great
hangout for polyps.
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Now here we were
fortunate enough
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to locate a colony of the
little fellows who seemed to be
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in good physical condition.
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Here is the picture
that we were able to get
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of a group of the little fellows
out for a good time.
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You may be sure that
the lazy rogues have
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their fun, as who does not.
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It was from this aggregation
that we decided
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to select a husband for Mary.
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And after a careful examination
under the microscope,
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we decided to choose the one
which you will see the third
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00:07:03,174 --> 00:07:04,590
from the left in this picture.
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No, now he's the fourth.
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Now he's the fifth, the
fifth from the left.
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This little chap up here in
the corner tried to get away,
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but the camera was
too quick for him.
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Now having the necessary
male for our experiment,
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we placed the two
polyps in an open space
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behind the Princess Hotel and
proceeded to await development.
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Here is picture taken just
before the gong sounded.
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The one on the right is the male
and on the left, the female,
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unless I'm mistaken.
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Yes, I am mistaken.
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The one on the right
is the male, female,
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and on the left, the male.
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What a mistake.
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One unusual thing about
the polyp's courtship
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is its restraint.
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A polyp is only a
polyp, after all,
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and has his little weaknesses
like the rest of us.
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I, for one, would not
have it otherwise.
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00:07:57,161 --> 00:07:59,500
But even so, the
entire courtship
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is carried on with an open space
between the male
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and female of perhaps 50
paces, a polyp measure.
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Which, in a way,
makes it difficult for the male
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00:08:09,235 --> 00:08:12,569
to be anything much
more than just a pal.
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The male has a rather unusual
way of attracting the attention
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of the opposite sex, female.
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It was Dr. Rasmussen
who discovered that
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during the courting season--
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the courting season begin son
the 10th of March
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and extends on through
the following February.
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Leaving about 10 days
for general overhauling
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and repairs.
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During the courting season--
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--the male gives forth a strange,
phosphorescent glow,
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something like a
diamond scarf pin.
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Now this glow is supposed to be
very attractive to the female.
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And it is by dazzling her with
his appearance of elegance
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00:09:02,872 --> 00:09:05,623
that the male is able
to bring the lady around
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to his point of view.
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In order to test the powers
of observation of the male
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00:09:13,636 --> 00:09:15,859
during these maneuvers,
we played a rather mean trick
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on the little fellow.
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We took away the original female
for whom he was so frantically
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flashing his gleamer,
and put in her place another,
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but less attractive female.
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This seemed to
make no difference
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at all to the male who continued
to flash on just the same.
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We then took away the second female
and put in her place
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a small button,
something the color of a polyp,
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following this with
a crumb of cornbread.
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00:09:48,849 --> 00:09:51,224
Now so far as we
were able to detect,
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this change in personnel made
no difference at all
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00:09:53,801 --> 00:09:57,000
to the male who continued
to exert himself,
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still under the impression that
he was making a conquest,
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00:10:01,302 --> 00:10:03,219
even with the crumb of cornbread.
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00:10:05,936 --> 00:10:08,480
Now this little ruse of
ours, while it proved
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00:10:08,601 --> 00:10:11,180
that the male polyp is
not particularly clear
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00:10:11,240 --> 00:10:14,496
as to just what
it is he's after,
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00:10:15,025 --> 00:10:18,299
rather put an end to our
experiment as a whole.
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00:10:18,575 --> 00:10:21,841
While the male,
evidently disgusted at his inability
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00:10:21,958 --> 00:10:26,541
to excite the button or
the crumb of cornbread,
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00:10:26,857 --> 00:10:29,125
suddenly gave up the
whole thing as a bad job
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00:10:29,332 --> 00:10:31,449
and turned into a female.
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00:10:32,290 --> 00:10:33,873
Now this left us
practically where
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we were in the first place
with no male at all.
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So Dr. Rasmussen and
I, after a finding
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00:10:39,990 --> 00:10:44,487
a good home in Bermuda for what
were now our two girl polyps,
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00:10:45,042 --> 00:10:48,393
returned to America,
still marveling at nature's
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wonderful accomplishment sin
the realm of sex.
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But rather inclined to
complete our experiments
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with some animal
which takes its sex
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00:10:57,655 --> 00:11:00,320
life a little more seriously.
14260
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