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00:03:54,317 --> 00:03:55,602
This is a balalaika.
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00:03:55,861 --> 00:03:58,273
It's a standard Russian
musical instrument
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00:03:58,405 --> 00:03:59,986
like the ukulele in Hawaii.
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00:04:00,699 --> 00:04:02,405
And this is a cinerama camera.
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00:04:02,909 --> 00:04:06,948
It's three eyes can see
far, wide and deep.
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00:04:07,164 --> 00:04:10,782
Cameras just like this one captured
some very unique experiences
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00:04:10,917 --> 00:04:14,501
that are going to enable us to
participate in an adventure together.
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00:04:14,629 --> 00:04:15,960
A Russian adventure.
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00:04:16,214 --> 00:04:18,250
You know Russia's a big land.
10
00:04:18,383 --> 00:04:21,250
I guess it's the biggest
land in the world and yet,
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we know so little about it.
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00:04:23,555 --> 00:04:25,671
What sort of a country is Russia?
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00:04:25,849 --> 00:04:28,090
Who are it's people
and how do they work?
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00:04:28,185 --> 00:04:29,391
How do they play?
15
00:04:29,728 --> 00:04:31,013
What is a Russian?
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00:04:31,146 --> 00:04:34,263
Well of course, we couldn't
possibly hope to supply
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00:04:34,357 --> 00:04:36,814
complete answers to
all these questions, but
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00:04:36,902 --> 00:04:39,234
I think we're going to
have a lot of fun trying.
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00:05:57,148 --> 00:05:58,729
This is Russia.
20
00:05:58,942 --> 00:06:00,182
On the move.
21
00:06:00,819 --> 00:06:03,686
Russia, a giant among
nations, a world in itself.
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00:06:04,406 --> 00:06:06,067
Many countries in one.
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00:06:06,491 --> 00:06:09,324
A land of contrasts and extremes.
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00:06:20,839 --> 00:06:23,046
Springtime in the
northern regions means
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00:06:23,133 --> 00:06:25,795
crackling cold in the white wilderness.
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00:06:27,220 --> 00:06:30,212
In the south, it's a time
for a burst of blossoms.
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00:06:30,265 --> 00:06:31,380
For here is a nation,
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00:06:31,433 --> 00:06:35,017
extending more than three
thousand miles from top to bottom.
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00:06:35,478 --> 00:06:39,016
Covering a range of climates
from arctic to subtropical.
30
00:06:51,995 --> 00:06:54,486
Day break over the water
in far eastern Russia,
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00:06:55,290 --> 00:06:57,155
is night in Moscow.
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00:06:58,251 --> 00:07:00,788
Because the union of
socialist Soviet republics
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00:07:00,879 --> 00:07:03,416
spans more than six thousand miles.
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00:07:06,676 --> 00:07:10,168
Many time zones from it's eastern
to its western boundaries.
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00:07:10,722 --> 00:07:14,260
If you went from one to the other
you'd reset your watch ten times.
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00:07:16,603 --> 00:07:18,844
And if you took just
a short trip in Russia
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00:07:18,897 --> 00:07:22,856
why you'd be adjusting your sights
often to take in the variety of scenery.
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00:07:37,290 --> 00:07:39,281
You'd be certain to see a river for,
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00:07:39,584 --> 00:07:42,496
the Soviet union has about
150 thousand of them.
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00:07:46,424 --> 00:07:48,380
You look down at farmlands.
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00:07:54,474 --> 00:07:57,466
You'd gaze across at
the high and the mighty.
42
00:08:10,115 --> 00:08:12,606
In Russia, the modern
and the medieval,
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00:08:12,993 --> 00:08:16,952
centuries apart in time,
share common ground.
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00:08:19,040 --> 00:08:21,998
For in moving ahead, the people
never forget to look back
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00:08:22,043 --> 00:08:24,125
on the splendors of the past.
46
00:08:24,546 --> 00:08:26,411
Carefully they preserve the art
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00:08:26,589 --> 00:08:28,625
and the architecture of other times.
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00:08:35,015 --> 00:08:37,882
As in our country, the people
of many different descents
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00:08:37,976 --> 00:08:41,264
share citizenship with people
of the east and the west,
50
00:08:41,688 --> 00:08:43,553
people of Asia and Europe.
51
00:08:52,574 --> 00:08:56,442
The centers of a population,
exceeding 226 million
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00:08:56,536 --> 00:08:58,527
are in the European part of Russia.
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00:08:59,289 --> 00:09:00,529
This is one of them.
54
00:09:01,458 --> 00:09:04,450
The city was once Saint
Petersburg, then it was petrograd.
55
00:09:04,627 --> 00:09:05,992
It's now Leningrad.
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00:09:06,337 --> 00:09:09,295
Those are name changes
that reflect eventual history
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00:09:09,382 --> 00:09:10,918
and shifts of power.
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00:09:12,052 --> 00:09:15,510
That's the admiralty building
there fronting the neva river.
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00:09:16,097 --> 00:09:18,088
This is the fortress of Peter and Paul,
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00:09:18,141 --> 00:09:19,972
burial place of the emperor.
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00:09:22,103 --> 00:09:23,968
The monument to Peter the great,
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00:09:24,230 --> 00:09:26,642
he founded the city in 1703.
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00:09:27,192 --> 00:09:30,980
Survived the bombs and the
shells of the second world war.
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00:09:32,614 --> 00:09:36,573
The palace that was once a summer
residence for the czars was destroyed.
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00:09:39,120 --> 00:09:42,738
Completely restored, it again
stands in stately dignity.
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00:09:43,374 --> 00:09:45,740
With every fountain
making a contribution
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00:09:45,794 --> 00:09:48,001
to a real display of waterworks.
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00:10:05,146 --> 00:10:08,764
The neva river runs a short
course of about forty miles.
69
00:10:11,569 --> 00:10:12,900
But the volga,
70
00:10:13,154 --> 00:10:15,395
well it's almost as long
as our Mississippi.
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00:10:15,865 --> 00:10:19,449
It makes a majestic move
of some 2,325 miles
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00:10:19,536 --> 00:10:22,243
before losing its identity
in the caspian sea.
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00:10:24,165 --> 00:10:27,202
It's one of the busiest arteries
in the system of waterways
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00:10:27,252 --> 00:10:29,994
natural and manmade that
serve the Soviet union.
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00:10:31,965 --> 00:10:34,798
The barges of the volga
boatmen lond ago disappeared
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00:10:34,843 --> 00:10:38,006
from the river but
their song never dies.
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00:10:49,190 --> 00:10:50,726
Another river, the Moscow,
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00:10:50,817 --> 00:10:53,650
flows into the capital city
that is the heart of Russia.
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00:10:53,820 --> 00:10:56,061
And past the heart of the city itself:
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00:10:56,865 --> 00:10:59,106
The kremlin, ahead and on the left.
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00:11:00,034 --> 00:11:03,151
Kremlin means fortress,
and it began as that
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00:11:03,246 --> 00:11:05,362
back in the middle of
the twelfth century.
83
00:11:14,382 --> 00:11:17,124
The compound of palaces
and churches that make up
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00:11:17,260 --> 00:11:20,218
the kremlin are now government
buildings and museums.
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00:11:31,024 --> 00:11:33,310
Moscow is the cultural, political,
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00:11:33,776 --> 00:11:35,562
economic and scientific center
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00:11:35,695 --> 00:11:39,358
of the fifteen union republics
that make up the u.S.S.R.
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00:11:47,373 --> 00:11:49,534
It's one of the world's greatest cities,
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00:11:49,584 --> 00:11:52,496
home to more than six and
one half million people.
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00:11:54,672 --> 00:11:57,539
Every Metropolis I suppose
has its own pulse beat,
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00:11:57,592 --> 00:12:00,004
its rhythm, its tempo.
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00:12:00,595 --> 00:12:04,429
Moscow's is strong. It's steady, fast.
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00:12:35,922 --> 00:12:38,504
Everyday about three
million muscovites use an
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00:12:38,549 --> 00:12:41,666
underground transportation
system that is quite special.
95
00:12:42,512 --> 00:12:45,379
Some of the tunnels are more
than a hundred feet deep.
96
00:12:47,642 --> 00:12:49,678
Some go under the Moscow river.
97
00:13:15,920 --> 00:13:19,879
Generally as we know them
subways are functional things
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00:13:20,091 --> 00:13:22,503
of no genuine beauty,
but this is a show place.
99
00:13:23,094 --> 00:13:25,380
Commuters walk through marble halls.
100
00:13:25,888 --> 00:13:28,755
The cars each seat 52 passengers with
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00:13:28,891 --> 00:13:31,223
standing room for 120 more.
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00:13:31,686 --> 00:13:34,928
Just occasionally stepping
on one another's toes.
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00:13:42,905 --> 00:13:47,023
Both the place and the personal,
very pleasing to the eye.
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00:13:49,245 --> 00:13:51,736
The system consists of seven lines,
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00:13:51,914 --> 00:13:54,576
with more than sixty miles of track.
106
00:13:54,792 --> 00:13:57,659
The trains take people where
they want to go in a hurry,
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00:13:58,129 --> 00:14:00,165
up to 56 miles an hour.
108
00:14:24,697 --> 00:14:26,562
But of the seventy stations,
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00:14:27,283 --> 00:14:30,446
no two are quite alike in
architecture or décor.
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00:14:30,912 --> 00:14:33,619
Moscow's subways are more
than a means for getting
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00:14:33,706 --> 00:14:36,322
from one place to another,
its for sightseeing.
112
00:14:41,631 --> 00:14:45,215
You know, it's a place for
which you can linger, browse,
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00:14:45,301 --> 00:14:46,336
if time permitted.
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00:14:47,011 --> 00:14:48,751
Like you would in an art gallery.
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00:14:49,389 --> 00:14:51,675
And all of this for five kopeks.
116
00:14:52,350 --> 00:14:53,681
Or about six cents.
117
00:14:59,190 --> 00:15:01,556
When the citizens
emerge from the subway
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00:15:01,692 --> 00:15:04,399
and out into the open, they,
depending upon the season,
119
00:15:04,821 --> 00:15:06,527
encounter the bite of the winter.
120
00:15:09,784 --> 00:15:12,366
Russia's pretty much
concerned with its weather.
121
00:15:12,537 --> 00:15:14,823
Does a great deal more
than talk about it.
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00:15:15,790 --> 00:15:19,282
For one thing it learns about its
climate from going to its source.
123
00:15:19,377 --> 00:15:22,915
Its source is way up at
the top of the world.
124
00:15:27,176 --> 00:15:28,962
This is the arctic.
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00:15:29,679 --> 00:15:31,089
A giant refrigerator.
126
00:15:31,180 --> 00:15:33,421
It's the factory producing the storms
127
00:15:33,599 --> 00:15:35,715
which descend on the
northern countries.
128
00:15:36,436 --> 00:15:38,677
The output of the
factory can't be halted,
129
00:15:38,771 --> 00:15:41,262
but its operation can
at least be studied so,
130
00:15:41,482 --> 00:15:44,519
people can predict and prepare.
131
00:16:06,632 --> 00:16:09,169
That's why Russia maintains
the weather station
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00:16:09,302 --> 00:16:11,258
at the north pole itself.
133
00:16:15,475 --> 00:16:19,388
And brief summers, during
which high noon never comes.
134
00:16:19,812 --> 00:16:22,849
And because the sun swings
low along the Southern horizon
135
00:16:22,940 --> 00:16:27,183
its slanting rays are really too weak to
alter the frozen features of the arctic,
136
00:16:27,570 --> 00:16:30,562
and so its pressure ridges,
cornices and blocks
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00:16:30,698 --> 00:16:33,861
endure as monuments on a
vast white battlefields where
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00:16:34,035 --> 00:16:36,868
opposing ice sheets
meet in colossal conflict.
139
00:16:58,976 --> 00:17:02,059
Winter over much of
Russia is long, harsh.
140
00:17:02,522 --> 00:17:04,854
But the people have
learned to live with it.
141
00:17:04,941 --> 00:17:06,351
They keep on the move.
142
00:17:44,188 --> 00:17:47,897
When heavy snow blankets Moscow
with its special white paralysis.
143
00:17:48,568 --> 00:17:50,149
The residence don't hold in.
144
00:17:50,987 --> 00:17:51,987
They dig out.
145
00:18:10,381 --> 00:18:13,544
Quickly the city resumes
its normal tempo.
146
00:18:21,684 --> 00:18:25,848
Muscovites admit, and rather
cheerfully that winter means
147
00:18:25,980 --> 00:18:27,845
a nip in the air and a chill in the wind.
148
00:18:28,065 --> 00:18:31,728
Certainly it's cold, but
they say it's a dry cold.
149
00:18:31,902 --> 00:18:34,063
It's invigorating, it's good for a person.
150
00:18:34,697 --> 00:18:35,982
Old or young.
151
00:18:44,582 --> 00:18:48,916
Come storm, come freeze, nothing
can break up a chess game.
152
00:18:56,761 --> 00:18:58,797
Well, nothing except a kibitzer.
153
00:19:06,896 --> 00:19:10,138
Snow is a magic substance,
brings out the creative urge.
154
00:19:10,816 --> 00:19:14,183
The sculpturing of a snowman
is a slap-dash art form
155
00:19:14,236 --> 00:19:17,228
that never changes from
country to country, really from
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00:19:17,323 --> 00:19:18,813
generation to generation.
157
00:19:18,949 --> 00:19:21,656
They use stones or chunks
of coal for his eyes.
158
00:19:21,744 --> 00:19:23,029
They push in his buttons.
159
00:19:23,537 --> 00:19:25,903
They've go to make him
too fat, always, because
160
00:19:26,040 --> 00:19:29,328
it won't be long before the
sun cuts him down to size.
161
00:19:29,877 --> 00:19:31,492
Wonderful stuff, snow.
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00:19:31,587 --> 00:19:32,997
As artists material
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00:19:34,048 --> 00:19:35,504
or as ammunition.
164
00:19:41,472 --> 00:19:44,384
You know for a sport's minded
and outdoors-loving people,
165
00:19:44,475 --> 00:19:46,136
wintertime is a time for action.
166
00:19:46,560 --> 00:19:49,222
Vigorous action suited
to a rigorous climate.
167
00:19:50,272 --> 00:19:51,808
The Russian's play hard.
168
00:21:27,745 --> 00:21:29,736
At a tender age,
Russians begin making
169
00:21:29,830 --> 00:21:31,741
their marks in the skiing world.
170
00:21:31,957 --> 00:21:32,957
Sitzmarks.
171
00:21:39,173 --> 00:21:41,004
And through the long icy seasons,
172
00:21:41,091 --> 00:21:43,377
skating rinks of course
are a busy place.
173
00:22:07,701 --> 00:22:10,443
You know because skating
is really an international
174
00:22:10,538 --> 00:22:13,075
past time, this could be
in any northern country.
175
00:22:18,546 --> 00:22:22,414
But a fast and frenzied race with
reindeer supplying the power,
176
00:22:23,050 --> 00:22:24,836
well that's as Russian as borscht.
177
00:22:25,719 --> 00:22:28,631
Doesn't matter what sport
man devises, his best friend
178
00:22:29,098 --> 00:22:32,841
and often his biggest nuisance,
manages to get into the game.
179
00:22:50,369 --> 00:22:51,779
Traffic is sticky.
180
00:22:53,622 --> 00:22:54,907
Casualties mount.
181
00:22:55,541 --> 00:22:58,374
Dropouts are frequent, recoveries few.
182
00:24:24,296 --> 00:24:25,706
The going's heavy,
183
00:24:25,798 --> 00:24:28,380
and the shortest course
between the starting and
184
00:24:28,425 --> 00:24:30,507
finishing points might be the toughest.
185
00:25:12,386 --> 00:25:14,593
The survivor and the winner.
186
00:25:16,682 --> 00:25:19,640
Neither snow, sub-zero temperatures,
187
00:25:19,727 --> 00:25:22,685
nor hunks of ice in the river
can keep a hearty few from
188
00:25:22,771 --> 00:25:24,602
confusing January with June.
189
00:25:24,815 --> 00:25:28,103
It happens every winter throughout
the northern hemisphere.
190
00:25:28,652 --> 00:25:31,985
As proof of the... well
something or other.
191
00:25:35,117 --> 00:25:38,029
The majority of the people
prefer the heated waters
192
00:25:38,120 --> 00:25:39,576
of the Moskva swimming pool.
193
00:25:39,913 --> 00:25:41,528
That's open the year round.
194
00:25:59,391 --> 00:26:02,383
Many Russians follow the sun
and the season to part of the
195
00:26:02,519 --> 00:26:04,885
Soviet union that is
subtropical in climate.
196
00:26:05,606 --> 00:26:07,062
They gather at sochi,
197
00:26:07,441 --> 00:26:10,228
the Russian riviera and
they frolic in the waves.
198
00:26:27,753 --> 00:26:31,211
And here we have a pacific cove
off the kamchatka peninsula.
199
00:26:32,091 --> 00:26:35,834
We find a couple divers preparing
to find out what lies beneath them.
200
00:26:38,138 --> 00:26:40,470
These scooters are electrically driven.
201
00:26:40,599 --> 00:26:42,009
They're very maneuverable.
202
00:26:48,190 --> 00:26:50,772
The divers invade a world of silence.
203
00:27:23,225 --> 00:27:25,511
It seems dead, deserted.
204
00:27:25,644 --> 00:27:28,260
Just like the ruins of an ancient city.
205
00:27:56,300 --> 00:28:00,088
Little movement here, only the
weeds in a submarine garden.
206
00:28:01,096 --> 00:28:03,678
Swaying as if in a soundless wind.
207
00:28:22,701 --> 00:28:24,657
It isn't long before members of a,
208
00:28:24,786 --> 00:28:26,777
sort of a reception committee appear.
209
00:28:27,080 --> 00:28:29,446
Natives are restless,
but they're not hostile.
210
00:28:29,791 --> 00:28:31,873
They're curious rather than afraid.
211
00:28:32,711 --> 00:28:34,622
One of the divers beckons,
212
00:28:36,089 --> 00:28:38,330
and a flounder responds.
213
00:28:41,553 --> 00:28:43,043
So does an octopus.
214
00:28:43,388 --> 00:28:46,721
One of the sea's least known
and most feared inhabitants.
215
00:28:52,731 --> 00:28:55,848
Seems to be the formula for
making friends with the flounder
216
00:28:55,943 --> 00:28:58,855
is apparently, win its confidence first.
217
00:29:20,425 --> 00:29:22,131
Finally comes the feeding.
218
00:29:22,970 --> 00:29:25,928
The unwelcome guest
bides it's time here.
219
00:29:52,582 --> 00:29:55,574
Crabs, which rank high on
the menu of an octopus
220
00:29:55,669 --> 00:29:57,079
move away from their enemy.
221
00:30:07,431 --> 00:30:10,673
This is the creature Victor Hugo
described as the sea vampire:
222
00:30:10,851 --> 00:30:13,638
A glutinous mass endowed
with a malignant will.
223
00:30:14,438 --> 00:30:17,475
It looks like one of nature's
less successful experiments,
224
00:30:17,566 --> 00:30:21,605
but actually it's an efficient machine
for capturing and killing its prey.
225
00:30:21,653 --> 00:30:24,486
This one chooses not the
demonstrate its efficiency,
226
00:30:24,489 --> 00:30:26,855
instead it presents the
most desirable view
227
00:30:26,950 --> 00:30:28,190
one can get of an octopus.
228
00:30:28,243 --> 00:30:31,406
A going away view as it jet
propulsions itself into the gloom
229
00:30:31,496 --> 00:30:32,781
of the kingdom of the sea.
230
00:32:31,032 --> 00:32:33,694
An old calling of the sea lures Russians
231
00:32:33,785 --> 00:32:35,491
far from their homeland.
232
00:32:35,996 --> 00:32:38,703
This wild, expansive
water ruled by winds
233
00:32:38,874 --> 00:32:40,614
and guarded by fortresses of ice
234
00:32:41,418 --> 00:32:42,874
is the antarctic ocean.
235
00:32:46,840 --> 00:32:49,206
The latitude is 64 degrees south.
236
00:32:49,843 --> 00:32:51,458
Near the bottom of the world.
237
00:32:53,013 --> 00:32:56,176
And ships carrying the Russian
flag are here on business.
238
00:32:56,516 --> 00:32:57,756
Big business.
239
00:33:05,484 --> 00:33:08,897
The crews clear the decks for
action against the mightiest game
240
00:33:08,987 --> 00:33:10,193
men have ever hunted.
241
00:33:10,322 --> 00:33:11,402
Whales.
242
00:33:22,709 --> 00:33:25,917
Yes whaling has changed
considerable since captain ahab
243
00:33:25,962 --> 00:33:28,954
lost limb then life in his
battle against Moby dick.
244
00:33:29,549 --> 00:33:30,914
The white leviathan.
245
00:33:31,927 --> 00:33:34,714
Though the romance remains,
the risks have gone down
246
00:33:34,846 --> 00:33:37,804
and the odds have gone up
in the favor of the hunters.
247
00:33:48,276 --> 00:33:50,938
Now they search for
their quarry from above.
248
00:34:01,748 --> 00:34:04,205
And there it is, it's a school of big ones.
249
00:34:04,251 --> 00:34:05,957
They're broaching and blowing.
250
00:34:24,854 --> 00:34:27,937
The spotter in the helicopter
radios the fleet below
251
00:34:27,983 --> 00:34:30,349
and the catch boats
move up for the kill.
252
00:35:11,276 --> 00:35:15,189
The modern method of harvesting
the depths is speedy, sufficient.
253
00:35:15,864 --> 00:35:18,947
Team work and specialized
equipment make it so.
254
00:35:26,082 --> 00:35:29,449
Still the ultimate success
rides with just one man.
255
00:35:29,794 --> 00:35:31,580
That's the man behind the gun.
256
00:35:45,935 --> 00:35:48,972
This is that dramatic peek
of any hunt when timing
257
00:35:49,522 --> 00:35:51,683
and marksmanship have to pay off.
258
00:35:58,782 --> 00:36:01,694
The thrust of a harpoon into
the immense body of a whale
259
00:36:01,743 --> 00:36:03,984
isn't enough to really immobilize it.
260
00:36:04,120 --> 00:36:06,281
So in the head of the
weapon is a time bomb
261
00:36:06,331 --> 00:36:09,164
set to go off when and where
it will do the most damage.
262
00:36:10,543 --> 00:36:12,909
It must be shot again if it's necessary.
263
00:36:23,098 --> 00:36:25,589
This is certainly a far cry from the sport
264
00:36:25,642 --> 00:36:27,803
of playing a fish on light tackle but,
265
00:36:27,852 --> 00:36:30,685
whalers don't invade the
antarctic for the sport of it.
266
00:36:50,208 --> 00:36:52,290
And it isn't easy, you
know, to play games
267
00:36:52,377 --> 00:36:53,833
with opponents this big.
268
00:37:13,064 --> 00:37:16,022
Having done it's job in the
pursuit of the capture,
269
00:37:16,192 --> 00:37:19,025
the catch boat turns it's prize
over to the mother ship.
270
00:37:19,821 --> 00:37:21,277
This is the Ukraine.
271
00:37:21,406 --> 00:37:24,068
She's now on her 142nd day at sea.
272
00:37:44,471 --> 00:37:46,177
She's a floating factory.
273
00:37:46,514 --> 00:37:48,846
A processing plant
for converting whales
274
00:37:48,975 --> 00:37:50,511
into marketable products.
275
00:37:51,561 --> 00:37:54,974
Into the gaping maw of the
Ukraine go a hundred tons
276
00:37:55,106 --> 00:37:56,312
in eighty-five feet.
277
00:37:56,399 --> 00:37:58,640
Bone, blubber and meat.
278
00:39:45,967 --> 00:39:48,959
Now this looks like a mammoth
mustache, but this is really
279
00:39:49,012 --> 00:39:51,594
the whale bone, which
serves as sort of a sieve.
280
00:39:51,681 --> 00:39:54,423
Through which the animal
strains the water for the
281
00:39:54,559 --> 00:39:56,470
tiny creatures that make up its diet.
282
00:40:00,481 --> 00:40:02,893
Mainly because of woman's
eternal struggle to
283
00:40:02,942 --> 00:40:05,228
preserve the status quo of her figure.
284
00:40:05,486 --> 00:40:09,149
Because whale bone was
used for stays in the corsets
285
00:40:09,240 --> 00:40:13,108
that she once wore as armor
against age and avoirdupois.
286
00:40:18,291 --> 00:40:21,499
Well today its commercial value
is much less than that of meat
287
00:40:21,836 --> 00:40:23,997
and of the oil obtained
from the blubber.
288
00:40:32,513 --> 00:40:35,300
Oil that once lit the lamps
of the civilized world
289
00:40:35,433 --> 00:40:37,389
now goes into the making of soaps.
290
00:40:46,235 --> 00:40:49,523
People drift into strange
and specialized professions.
291
00:40:49,656 --> 00:40:52,147
An envied few become wine tasters.
292
00:40:54,202 --> 00:40:56,318
But others must sample whale oll.
293
00:41:05,964 --> 00:41:08,296
The hunt goes on.
294
00:41:42,083 --> 00:41:44,745
Far away Moscow, the gloom
of the night is broken by
295
00:41:44,877 --> 00:41:46,413
a celebrating citizenry.
296
00:41:46,462 --> 00:41:48,703
Because it's carnival time in the capital.
297
00:41:48,798 --> 00:41:51,255
There are pyrotechnics,
pageantry and parades.
298
00:41:51,592 --> 00:41:53,674
There's dancing in the streets.
299
00:42:40,433 --> 00:42:43,391
In a nearby theater the
pyatnitsky folk choir presents
300
00:42:43,478 --> 00:42:45,719
the robust dancing of
the country people.
301
00:46:41,841 --> 00:46:44,674
Moscow offers a wide
choice in entertainment.
302
00:46:44,844 --> 00:46:48,428
You can go to the ballet
to the breathtaking circus.
303
00:46:49,807 --> 00:46:52,970
Here's a demonstration of
what is known as dzhigitovka.
304
00:46:53,769 --> 00:46:56,602
The acrobatics of riding
a horse and visa versa.
305
00:48:59,728 --> 00:49:03,846
Star of the circus is Oleg Popov,
he's a world famous clown.
306
00:49:03,899 --> 00:49:06,811
This fella's talent goes far
beyond making a funny face
307
00:49:07,236 --> 00:49:08,646
or falling on it.
308
00:50:50,673 --> 00:50:54,382
Circus performing is really an
established profession in the Soviet.
309
00:50:54,927 --> 00:50:58,010
The government runs a
school for training the artists.
310
00:53:36,255 --> 00:53:38,211
The band strikes up,
311
00:53:38,841 --> 00:53:41,503
and progressive jazz goes backwards.
312
01:08:14,048 --> 01:08:17,290
In a Moscow theater, the world
famous moiseyev company
313
01:08:17,427 --> 01:08:20,294
offers folk dancing which
can sum up in a single dance
314
01:08:20,471 --> 01:08:22,587
the spirit of an entire people.
315
01:16:31,003 --> 01:16:32,413
The river is the tisza.
316
01:16:32,755 --> 01:16:35,212
Makes a twisting and
tumbling descent from the
317
01:16:35,299 --> 01:16:37,915
carpathian mountains in
southwestern Russian.
318
01:17:00,199 --> 01:17:02,906
Logs of course are hauled
down out of the mountains
319
01:17:02,952 --> 01:17:05,318
the modern way in a truck,
but the gutzuls
320
01:17:05,454 --> 01:17:07,820
those are the sturdy
loggers of the region,
321
01:17:07,957 --> 01:17:10,994
continue to get the job done
in the old and efficient manner.
322
01:17:44,118 --> 01:17:47,155
This thing develops into a race
between machines and men
323
01:17:47,288 --> 01:17:51,122
who skillfully exploit the power
of the tisza to reach their goal.
324
01:17:57,131 --> 01:17:59,463
Here's the hometown
of one of the loggers.
325
01:17:59,800 --> 01:18:02,507
Just a fella who insists
on home-cooked meals.
326
01:18:03,095 --> 01:18:04,881
He gets them on the run.
327
01:19:58,294 --> 01:20:00,330
The race is now between train and raft,
328
01:20:00,379 --> 01:20:03,496
with the truck, with its load
of logs is falling behind.
329
01:20:04,925 --> 01:20:06,916
Suddenly the contest is over.
330
01:20:07,136 --> 01:20:11,345
Machines get tired, they
break down, stop for water,
331
01:20:11,515 --> 01:20:14,723
but the river rolls on forever
through time and space.
332
01:20:41,295 --> 01:20:44,037
While logs are ridden down the tisza,
333
01:20:44,214 --> 01:20:46,796
a train rumbles along the
banks of the ural river,
334
01:20:46,925 --> 01:20:49,416
the eastern part of European Russia.
335
01:20:49,887 --> 01:20:53,379
It carries iron ore to the
steel mills at magnitogorsk
336
01:20:53,891 --> 01:20:56,758
this is a big, busy center
of heavy industry.
337
01:21:43,524 --> 01:21:47,767
Throughout the Soviet union,
so rich in natural resources,
338
01:21:47,986 --> 01:21:51,854
growth, expansion, building and
development are in evidence.
339
01:21:52,491 --> 01:21:57,155
It's happening in Siberia where tall
trees bow before the bulldozer.
340
01:21:57,538 --> 01:22:01,326
The taiga, which Russians call
the vast forest of the north
341
01:22:01,583 --> 01:22:03,289
gives way to progress.
342
01:22:34,158 --> 01:22:36,740
The trees topple, but rise again.
343
01:22:36,785 --> 01:22:39,618
In the form of buildings
as another town emerges
344
01:22:39,705 --> 01:22:41,661
from the shows of Siberia.
345
01:22:59,016 --> 01:23:02,349
Well if a new and growing
town is typical of Russia today,
346
01:23:02,561 --> 01:23:05,394
so is the shimmering
sweep of a grain field.
347
01:23:32,257 --> 01:23:35,875
It's land that's used only
for sowing, reaping.
348
01:23:36,929 --> 01:23:39,341
The wheat is heavy-headed
with gold in it.
349
01:24:09,336 --> 01:24:11,042
Russian farming of course,
350
01:24:11,213 --> 01:24:14,421
fields are aflame with
the bold red of poppies.
351
01:24:15,259 --> 01:24:17,250
Pork is an important product.
352
01:24:27,104 --> 01:24:28,969
So is milk and beef.
353
01:24:49,751 --> 01:24:53,243
And over the green pastures,
the Shepherds tend their flocks.
354
01:24:54,423 --> 01:24:57,005
Here we have a pastural
picture that's unchanged
355
01:24:57,301 --> 01:24:58,837
throughout the centuries.
356
01:26:32,437 --> 01:26:34,302
The sightseer takes to the air.
357
01:26:34,439 --> 01:26:36,896
For an eagle's eye view of forested hills
358
01:26:37,067 --> 01:26:38,773
and the blue of mountain lakes.
359
01:26:39,653 --> 01:26:40,859
This is lake ritsa.
360
01:26:41,029 --> 01:26:43,611
It's steep, it's clear.
361
01:26:44,658 --> 01:26:47,024
A genuine gem in the
Georgian hinterland.
362
01:27:23,363 --> 01:27:26,605
From a plane you can best marvel
at such scenic splendors as
363
01:27:26,742 --> 01:27:29,905
mount elbrus, that's
off to the right there.
364
01:27:30,454 --> 01:27:32,991
This is the crown of the caucasus.
365
01:27:33,206 --> 01:27:34,992
Tallest peak in Europe.
366
01:27:35,417 --> 01:27:39,831
Rising 18,481 feet above sea level.
367
01:27:40,839 --> 01:27:45,333
This is the way to see the larger,
more obvious aspects of nature.
368
01:28:39,815 --> 01:28:43,933
But to know nature intimately, to meet
her furred and feathered creatures,
369
01:28:43,985 --> 01:28:45,566
this means walking.
370
01:28:45,695 --> 01:28:48,402
Walk deep into the heart
of the hidden places.
371
01:28:49,241 --> 01:28:51,106
That is the way of the hunter.
372
01:28:51,743 --> 01:28:55,031
The prowler in the woods
moves softly and slowly.
373
01:28:55,622 --> 01:28:58,204
Always alert and ready to shoot.
374
01:30:15,785 --> 01:30:18,948
He stops, he looks, listens.
375
01:30:20,999 --> 01:30:24,617
To the watcher in the wilderness
the tableaux of nature unfold.
376
01:31:51,172 --> 01:31:52,833
This is it.
377
01:31:53,299 --> 01:31:55,711
A moment to be recorded
and remembered.
378
01:31:57,303 --> 01:32:00,215
This is a moment in the
afternoon of a Fawn.
379
01:32:09,816 --> 01:32:12,228
There's a lot of room in
Russia for wildlife, but
380
01:32:12,402 --> 01:32:15,986
even so conditions become crowded
when there's a bear around.
381
01:32:16,448 --> 01:32:18,279
Mishka, the people call him.
382
01:32:18,408 --> 01:32:20,774
Mishka the mischief maker.
383
01:32:21,286 --> 01:32:24,449
He has a capacity for confusion and chaos.
384
01:32:24,873 --> 01:32:26,704
Has a sweet tooth too.
385
01:32:26,833 --> 01:32:29,791
His weakness for honey leads
to a conflict of interest
386
01:32:29,878 --> 01:32:32,164
between him and the beekeepers.
387
01:32:32,839 --> 01:32:36,002
He strikes by night, raiding the hives.
388
01:32:53,151 --> 01:32:56,643
And almost anytime, mishka
can turn a peaceful catnap
389
01:32:56,946 --> 01:32:58,311
into a nightmare.
390
01:35:33,811 --> 01:35:35,642
Hibernating bear, that's a good bear.
391
01:35:35,772 --> 01:35:39,230
He's out of circulation, but when arrowed
from his winter sleep,
392
01:35:39,734 --> 01:35:42,817
he immediately becomes trouble
on the loose.
393
01:35:43,821 --> 01:35:46,062
Mishka is a catalytic agent.
394
01:35:46,157 --> 01:35:49,320
Always alert to the opportunity of
deliberately causing
395
01:35:49,452 --> 01:35:51,317
incidents or accidents.
396
01:35:51,704 --> 01:35:53,786
Sometimes he simply falls into them.
397
01:37:11,784 --> 01:37:14,617
All wonder that the bear
contributes so much to
398
01:37:14,704 --> 01:37:17,912
the legend of the land because
he's that kind of a creature.
399
01:37:18,041 --> 01:37:21,625
He's got just what it takes to turn
things inside out and upside down.
400
01:37:28,760 --> 01:37:31,422
Like the perfect catalyst that he is,
401
01:37:31,721 --> 01:37:34,758
mishka emerges unscathed
from every adventure,
402
01:37:35,183 --> 01:37:36,514
and ready for more.
403
01:37:45,068 --> 01:37:47,775
Peaceful coexistence
between man and beast,
404
01:37:47,820 --> 01:37:50,653
that's a delicate relationship,
it's easily broken.
405
01:37:51,282 --> 01:37:54,115
Like here when wolves in
hot pursuit of their prey
406
01:37:54,243 --> 01:37:56,734
invade the forbidden
territory of humans.
407
01:37:57,205 --> 01:37:59,287
Their intended victim is an elk.
408
01:37:59,582 --> 01:38:02,039
I guess in north America
we'd call this a moose.
409
01:38:15,056 --> 01:38:17,672
Hunger drives the wolves
to unusual boldness,
410
01:38:17,725 --> 01:38:20,262
dulls their inherent
respect for man himself.
411
01:38:32,740 --> 01:38:35,777
But he still can't face
this fearsome weapon
412
01:38:35,868 --> 01:38:37,358
he uses against them.
413
01:38:38,788 --> 01:38:42,622
Over the sands of the muyunkum
desert in Southern Russia
414
01:38:43,000 --> 01:38:44,831
moves a party of hunters.
415
01:38:45,378 --> 01:38:47,084
They're on a peace mission.
416
01:38:47,255 --> 01:38:50,213
Cause in this area, two wild
boars have been battling
417
01:38:50,341 --> 01:38:53,333
savagely for territorial
rights and herd mastery.
418
01:38:53,886 --> 01:38:57,754
This things got to end in the death
of either the ruler or the challenger.
419
01:38:57,807 --> 01:39:01,220
Unless of course the hunters
can capture one of them alive
420
01:39:01,352 --> 01:39:03,183
and transport it to another place.
421
01:40:13,049 --> 01:40:16,212
Boars are deadly fighters,
they're always ready to
422
01:40:16,344 --> 01:40:19,302
defend or attack with
their razor sharp tusks.
423
01:40:20,473 --> 01:40:23,306
A dangerous undertaking
for both men and dogs.
424
01:42:52,541 --> 01:42:53,656
What now?
425
01:42:54,293 --> 01:42:56,204
It's one thing to overtake a boar,
426
01:42:56,253 --> 01:42:59,586
another to capture it alive
without somebody getting hurt.
427
01:43:30,037 --> 01:43:32,904
Solution: Wrestle and hog-tie them.
428
01:44:22,131 --> 01:44:25,123
Another troubled spot in the
Southern part of the Soviet
429
01:44:25,217 --> 01:44:27,378
is an island in the sea of aral.
430
01:44:27,636 --> 01:44:30,924
Because it's overrun there with
a species of antelope which are
431
01:44:31,056 --> 01:44:33,342
eating themselves out
of house and home.
432
01:44:37,188 --> 01:44:41,522
Again, men must step in to solve
a problem of nature's making.
433
01:44:45,654 --> 01:44:49,863
Somehow, a part of the antelope
herd has to be rounded up,
434
01:44:50,201 --> 01:44:52,943
driven into the net, and
then taken off the island
435
01:44:52,995 --> 01:44:55,532
and moved into fresher
and greener pastures.
436
01:45:02,338 --> 01:45:05,876
But corralling the antelope will
be a chore demanding teamwork,
437
01:45:05,925 --> 01:45:08,792
you've got to have some
good riders and fast horses.
438
01:45:08,886 --> 01:45:11,878
The antelope are fleet footed
and they have a top speed
439
01:45:11,972 --> 01:45:13,883
of more than forty miles an hour.
440
01:45:28,989 --> 01:45:30,525
The starting signal
441
01:45:31,242 --> 01:45:33,028
and the big roundup begins.
442
01:46:49,945 --> 01:46:52,687
Even the best of horsemen
hit the dirt sometimes.
443
01:46:58,162 --> 01:47:01,029
There's a wild donkey
getting into the action.
444
01:47:01,123 --> 01:47:04,707
Assuming the task of catching the
runaway horse of the fallen rider.
445
01:48:12,236 --> 01:48:15,854
Finally horsemen, motorcyclists,
accomplish their mission.
446
01:48:16,615 --> 01:48:17,900
The donkey does too.
447
01:48:26,917 --> 01:48:29,954
Over a wild and watery stage in Russia,
448
01:48:30,629 --> 01:48:33,211
the birds weave the
patterns of an aerial dance.
449
01:48:40,973 --> 01:48:43,965
When you think of Russia,
you must think of the ballet.
450
01:48:44,935 --> 01:48:47,972
And here in the heart of
Moscow is one of its cathedrals
451
01:48:48,105 --> 01:48:49,185
and cradles.
452
01:48:49,565 --> 01:48:51,977
The bolshoi theatre and school.
453
01:48:52,693 --> 01:48:55,480
Its history goes back to 1776.
454
01:48:56,280 --> 01:48:59,067
Out of the hundreds of
children who apply each year
455
01:48:59,116 --> 01:49:02,324
for admission to the school, only
thirty to forty are accepted.
456
01:49:02,911 --> 01:49:05,948
Beginning at age seven they
learn the basics of the ballet.
457
01:49:06,123 --> 01:49:08,114
Practice, practice, practice.
458
01:49:08,625 --> 01:49:11,037
The moment the teacher arrives.
459
01:50:29,123 --> 01:50:31,956
They'll come that night when
the student will perform
460
01:50:32,084 --> 01:50:34,416
before audiences at home and abroad.
461
01:50:35,295 --> 01:50:37,707
Meanwhile theres is the
privilege of knowing
462
01:50:37,756 --> 01:50:40,463
the very special magic of backstage.
463
01:50:40,884 --> 01:50:43,626
Sharing in its excitement
and watching the stars
464
01:50:43,762 --> 01:50:46,754
in who's intricate footsteps
they hope to follow.
465
01:51:13,458 --> 01:51:15,414
It's opening night at the bolshoi.
466
01:51:15,586 --> 01:51:16,826
We are there.
467
01:51:17,796 --> 01:51:21,755
So is galina ulanova, one of
the greatest of ballerinas.
468
01:51:21,925 --> 01:51:24,541
She's now retired but
she's still teaching her art.
469
01:51:24,970 --> 01:51:28,383
She and her escorts occupy
what was once the tsar's box.
470
01:51:50,954 --> 01:51:53,536
The ballerina is raisa struchkova.
471
01:51:53,665 --> 01:51:57,283
She's dancing the gavotte,
the ballet flames of Paris.
472
01:53:41,273 --> 01:53:44,481
Another night, before
us is Maya plisetskaya.
473
01:53:44,901 --> 01:53:48,314
The star maiden in the
ballet the humpback horse.
474
01:55:32,759 --> 01:55:36,001
Vladimir vasiliev, acclaimed by
many as the world's premiere
475
01:55:36,054 --> 01:55:39,217
male dancers in the role
of Ivan, the peasant youth.
476
01:55:39,433 --> 01:55:42,175
With him in this ballet,
based on a Russian fairy tale
477
01:55:42,310 --> 01:55:45,894
is alla shcherbinina as
the horse who favors Ivan
478
01:55:46,022 --> 01:55:47,637
with her magic powers.
479
01:57:54,943 --> 01:57:56,479
And the touchstone of her art.
480
01:57:56,611 --> 01:58:00,229
Ekaterina maximova stars as
the spirit of the peasant girl
481
01:58:00,574 --> 01:58:03,987
who rises from her grave to
dance her lover into his own.
482
01:59:40,632 --> 01:59:43,749
Next, the familiar nutcracker
suite with vasiliev
483
01:59:43,927 --> 01:59:46,509
and Yelena riabinkina.
484
02:01:11,097 --> 02:01:14,715
Finally, vakhtang
chabukiani as othello
485
02:01:14,851 --> 02:01:18,059
doing the mad and frenzied
dance that ends in death.
486
02:04:09,150 --> 02:04:10,515
The dancing is over
487
02:04:11,194 --> 02:04:13,731
and dawn comes to
the city of Moscow.
488
02:04:14,364 --> 02:04:17,401
About eleven hours earlier
the light of this new day
489
02:04:17,533 --> 02:04:19,239
first fell on Soviet soil.
490
02:04:19,410 --> 02:04:21,947
On the pacific coast, far to the east.
491
02:04:22,205 --> 02:04:26,369
That is the scope, the sweep,
and the size of Russia.
40298
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