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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:03:54,317 --> 00:03:55,602 This is a balalaika. 2 00:03:55,861 --> 00:03:58,273 It's a standard Russian musical instrument 3 00:03:58,405 --> 00:03:59,986 like the ukulele in Hawaii. 4 00:04:00,699 --> 00:04:02,405 And this is a cinerama camera. 5 00:04:02,909 --> 00:04:06,948 It's three eyes can see far, wide and deep. 6 00:04:07,164 --> 00:04:10,782 Cameras just like this one captured some very unique experiences 7 00:04:10,917 --> 00:04:14,501 that are going to enable us to participate in an adventure together. 8 00:04:14,629 --> 00:04:15,960 A Russian adventure. 9 00:04:16,214 --> 00:04:18,250 You know Russia's a big land. 10 00:04:18,383 --> 00:04:21,250 I guess it's the biggest land in the world and yet, 11 00:04:21,428 --> 00:04:22,918 we know so little about it. 12 00:04:23,555 --> 00:04:25,671 What sort of a country is Russia? 13 00:04:25,849 --> 00:04:28,090 Who are it's people and how do they work? 14 00:04:28,185 --> 00:04:29,391 How do they play? 15 00:04:29,728 --> 00:04:31,013 What is a Russian? 16 00:04:31,146 --> 00:04:34,263 Well of course, we couldn't possibly hope to supply 17 00:04:34,357 --> 00:04:36,814 complete answers to all these questions, but 18 00:04:36,902 --> 00:04:39,234 I think we're going to have a lot of fun trying. 19 00:05:57,148 --> 00:05:58,729 This is Russia. 20 00:05:58,942 --> 00:06:00,182 On the move. 21 00:06:00,819 --> 00:06:03,686 Russia, a giant among nations, a world in itself. 22 00:06:04,406 --> 00:06:06,067 Many countries in one. 23 00:06:06,491 --> 00:06:09,324 A land of contrasts and extremes. 24 00:06:20,839 --> 00:06:23,046 Springtime in the northern regions means 25 00:06:23,133 --> 00:06:25,795 crackling cold in the white wilderness. 26 00:06:27,220 --> 00:06:30,212 In the south, it's a time for a burst of blossoms. 27 00:06:30,265 --> 00:06:31,380 For here is a nation, 28 00:06:31,433 --> 00:06:35,017 extending more than three thousand miles from top to bottom. 29 00:06:35,478 --> 00:06:39,016 Covering a range of climates from arctic to subtropical. 30 00:06:51,995 --> 00:06:54,486 Day break over the water in far eastern Russia, 31 00:06:55,290 --> 00:06:57,155 is night in Moscow. 32 00:06:58,251 --> 00:07:00,788 Because the union of socialist Soviet republics 33 00:07:00,879 --> 00:07:03,416 spans more than six thousand miles. 34 00:07:06,676 --> 00:07:10,168 Many time zones from it's eastern to its western boundaries. 35 00:07:10,722 --> 00:07:14,260 If you went from one to the other you'd reset your watch ten times. 36 00:07:16,603 --> 00:07:18,844 And if you took just a short trip in Russia 37 00:07:18,897 --> 00:07:22,856 why you'd be adjusting your sights often to take in the variety of scenery. 38 00:07:37,290 --> 00:07:39,281 You'd be certain to see a river for, 39 00:07:39,584 --> 00:07:42,496 the Soviet union has about 150 thousand of them. 40 00:07:46,424 --> 00:07:48,380 You look down at farmlands. 41 00:07:54,474 --> 00:07:57,466 You'd gaze across at the high and the mighty. 42 00:08:10,115 --> 00:08:12,606 In Russia, the modern and the medieval, 43 00:08:12,993 --> 00:08:16,952 centuries apart in time, share common ground. 44 00:08:19,040 --> 00:08:21,998 For in moving ahead, the people never forget to look back 45 00:08:22,043 --> 00:08:24,125 on the splendors of the past. 46 00:08:24,546 --> 00:08:26,411 Carefully they preserve the art 47 00:08:26,589 --> 00:08:28,625 and the architecture of other times. 48 00:08:35,015 --> 00:08:37,882 As in our country, the people of many different descents 49 00:08:37,976 --> 00:08:41,264 share citizenship with people of the east and the west, 50 00:08:41,688 --> 00:08:43,553 people of Asia and Europe. 51 00:08:52,574 --> 00:08:56,442 The centers of a population, exceeding 226 million 52 00:08:56,536 --> 00:08:58,527 are in the European part of Russia. 53 00:08:59,289 --> 00:09:00,529 This is one of them. 54 00:09:01,458 --> 00:09:04,450 The city was once Saint Petersburg, then it was petrograd. 55 00:09:04,627 --> 00:09:05,992 It's now Leningrad. 56 00:09:06,337 --> 00:09:09,295 Those are name changes that reflect eventual history 57 00:09:09,382 --> 00:09:10,918 and shifts of power. 58 00:09:12,052 --> 00:09:15,510 That's the admiralty building there fronting the neva river. 59 00:09:16,097 --> 00:09:18,088 This is the fortress of Peter and Paul, 60 00:09:18,141 --> 00:09:19,972 burial place of the emperor. 61 00:09:22,103 --> 00:09:23,968 The monument to Peter the great, 62 00:09:24,230 --> 00:09:26,642 he founded the city in 1703. 63 00:09:27,192 --> 00:09:30,980 Survived the bombs and the shells of the second world war. 64 00:09:32,614 --> 00:09:36,573 The palace that was once a summer residence for the czars was destroyed. 65 00:09:39,120 --> 00:09:42,738 Completely restored, it again stands in stately dignity. 66 00:09:43,374 --> 00:09:45,740 With every fountain making a contribution 67 00:09:45,794 --> 00:09:48,001 to a real display of waterworks. 68 00:10:05,146 --> 00:10:08,764 The neva river runs a short course of about forty miles. 69 00:10:11,569 --> 00:10:12,900 But the volga, 70 00:10:13,154 --> 00:10:15,395 well it's almost as long as our Mississippi. 71 00:10:15,865 --> 00:10:19,449 It makes a majestic move of some 2,325 miles 72 00:10:19,536 --> 00:10:22,243 before losing its identity in the caspian sea. 73 00:10:24,165 --> 00:10:27,202 It's one of the busiest arteries in the system of waterways 74 00:10:27,252 --> 00:10:29,994 natural and manmade that serve the Soviet union. 75 00:10:31,965 --> 00:10:34,798 The barges of the volga boatmen lond ago disappeared 76 00:10:34,843 --> 00:10:38,006 from the river but their song never dies. 77 00:10:49,190 --> 00:10:50,726 Another river, the Moscow, 78 00:10:50,817 --> 00:10:53,650 flows into the capital city that is the heart of Russia. 79 00:10:53,820 --> 00:10:56,061 And past the heart of the city itself: 80 00:10:56,865 --> 00:10:59,106 The kremlin, ahead and on the left. 81 00:11:00,034 --> 00:11:03,151 Kremlin means fortress, and it began as that 82 00:11:03,246 --> 00:11:05,362 back in the middle of the twelfth century. 83 00:11:14,382 --> 00:11:17,124 The compound of palaces and churches that make up 84 00:11:17,260 --> 00:11:20,218 the kremlin are now government buildings and museums. 85 00:11:31,024 --> 00:11:33,310 Moscow is the cultural, political, 86 00:11:33,776 --> 00:11:35,562 economic and scientific center 87 00:11:35,695 --> 00:11:39,358 of the fifteen union republics that make up the u.S.S.R. 88 00:11:47,373 --> 00:11:49,534 It's one of the world's greatest cities, 89 00:11:49,584 --> 00:11:52,496 home to more than six and one half million people. 90 00:11:54,672 --> 00:11:57,539 Every Metropolis I suppose has its own pulse beat, 91 00:11:57,592 --> 00:12:00,004 its rhythm, its tempo. 92 00:12:00,595 --> 00:12:04,429 Moscow's is strong. It's steady, fast. 93 00:12:35,922 --> 00:12:38,504 Everyday about three million muscovites use an 94 00:12:38,549 --> 00:12:41,666 underground transportation system that is quite special. 95 00:12:42,512 --> 00:12:45,379 Some of the tunnels are more than a hundred feet deep. 96 00:12:47,642 --> 00:12:49,678 Some go under the Moscow river. 97 00:13:15,920 --> 00:13:19,879 Generally as we know them subways are functional things 98 00:13:20,091 --> 00:13:22,503 of no genuine beauty, but this is a show place. 99 00:13:23,094 --> 00:13:25,380 Commuters walk through marble halls. 100 00:13:25,888 --> 00:13:28,755 The cars each seat 52 passengers with 101 00:13:28,891 --> 00:13:31,223 standing room for 120 more. 102 00:13:31,686 --> 00:13:34,928 Just occasionally stepping on one another's toes. 103 00:13:42,905 --> 00:13:47,023 Both the place and the personal, very pleasing to the eye. 104 00:13:49,245 --> 00:13:51,736 The system consists of seven lines, 105 00:13:51,914 --> 00:13:54,576 with more than sixty miles of track. 106 00:13:54,792 --> 00:13:57,659 The trains take people where they want to go in a hurry, 107 00:13:58,129 --> 00:14:00,165 up to 56 miles an hour. 108 00:14:24,697 --> 00:14:26,562 But of the seventy stations, 109 00:14:27,283 --> 00:14:30,446 no two are quite alike in architecture or décor. 110 00:14:30,912 --> 00:14:33,619 Moscow's subways are more than a means for getting 111 00:14:33,706 --> 00:14:36,322 from one place to another, its for sightseeing. 112 00:14:41,631 --> 00:14:45,215 You know, it's a place for which you can linger, browse, 113 00:14:45,301 --> 00:14:46,336 if time permitted. 114 00:14:47,011 --> 00:14:48,751 Like you would in an art gallery. 115 00:14:49,389 --> 00:14:51,675 And all of this for five kopeks. 116 00:14:52,350 --> 00:14:53,681 Or about six cents. 117 00:14:59,190 --> 00:15:01,556 When the citizens emerge from the subway 118 00:15:01,692 --> 00:15:04,399 and out into the open, they, depending upon the season, 119 00:15:04,821 --> 00:15:06,527 encounter the bite of the winter. 120 00:15:09,784 --> 00:15:12,366 Russia's pretty much concerned with its weather. 121 00:15:12,537 --> 00:15:14,823 Does a great deal more than talk about it. 122 00:15:15,790 --> 00:15:19,282 For one thing it learns about its climate from going to its source. 123 00:15:19,377 --> 00:15:22,915 Its source is way up at the top of the world. 124 00:15:27,176 --> 00:15:28,962 This is the arctic. 125 00:15:29,679 --> 00:15:31,089 A giant refrigerator. 126 00:15:31,180 --> 00:15:33,421 It's the factory producing the storms 127 00:15:33,599 --> 00:15:35,715 which descend on the northern countries. 128 00:15:36,436 --> 00:15:38,677 The output of the factory can't be halted, 129 00:15:38,771 --> 00:15:41,262 but its operation can at least be studied so, 130 00:15:41,482 --> 00:15:44,519 people can predict and prepare. 131 00:16:06,632 --> 00:16:09,169 That's why Russia maintains the weather station 132 00:16:09,302 --> 00:16:11,258 at the north pole itself. 133 00:16:15,475 --> 00:16:19,388 And brief summers, during which high noon never comes. 134 00:16:19,812 --> 00:16:22,849 And because the sun swings low along the Southern horizon 135 00:16:22,940 --> 00:16:27,183 its slanting rays are really too weak to alter the frozen features of the arctic, 136 00:16:27,570 --> 00:16:30,562 and so its pressure ridges, cornices and blocks 137 00:16:30,698 --> 00:16:33,861 endure as monuments on a vast white battlefields where 138 00:16:34,035 --> 00:16:36,868 opposing ice sheets meet in colossal conflict. 139 00:16:58,976 --> 00:17:02,059 Winter over much of Russia is long, harsh. 140 00:17:02,522 --> 00:17:04,854 But the people have learned to live with it. 141 00:17:04,941 --> 00:17:06,351 They keep on the move. 142 00:17:44,188 --> 00:17:47,897 When heavy snow blankets Moscow with its special white paralysis. 143 00:17:48,568 --> 00:17:50,149 The residence don't hold in. 144 00:17:50,987 --> 00:17:51,987 They dig out. 145 00:18:10,381 --> 00:18:13,544 Quickly the city resumes its normal tempo. 146 00:18:21,684 --> 00:18:25,848 Muscovites admit, and rather cheerfully that winter means 147 00:18:25,980 --> 00:18:27,845 a nip in the air and a chill in the wind. 148 00:18:28,065 --> 00:18:31,728 Certainly it's cold, but they say it's a dry cold. 149 00:18:31,902 --> 00:18:34,063 It's invigorating, it's good for a person. 150 00:18:34,697 --> 00:18:35,982 Old or young. 151 00:18:44,582 --> 00:18:48,916 Come storm, come freeze, nothing can break up a chess game. 152 00:18:56,761 --> 00:18:58,797 Well, nothing except a kibitzer. 153 00:19:06,896 --> 00:19:10,138 Snow is a magic substance, brings out the creative urge. 154 00:19:10,816 --> 00:19:14,183 The sculpturing of a snowman is a slap-dash art form 155 00:19:14,236 --> 00:19:17,228 that never changes from country to country, really from 156 00:19:17,323 --> 00:19:18,813 generation to generation. 157 00:19:18,949 --> 00:19:21,656 They use stones or chunks of coal for his eyes. 158 00:19:21,744 --> 00:19:23,029 They push in his buttons. 159 00:19:23,537 --> 00:19:25,903 They've go to make him too fat, always, because 160 00:19:26,040 --> 00:19:29,328 it won't be long before the sun cuts him down to size. 161 00:19:29,877 --> 00:19:31,492 Wonderful stuff, snow. 162 00:19:31,587 --> 00:19:32,997 As artists material 163 00:19:34,048 --> 00:19:35,504 or as ammunition. 164 00:19:41,472 --> 00:19:44,384 You know for a sport's minded and outdoors-loving people, 165 00:19:44,475 --> 00:19:46,136 wintertime is a time for action. 166 00:19:46,560 --> 00:19:49,222 Vigorous action suited to a rigorous climate. 167 00:19:50,272 --> 00:19:51,808 The Russian's play hard. 168 00:21:27,745 --> 00:21:29,736 At a tender age, Russians begin making 169 00:21:29,830 --> 00:21:31,741 their marks in the skiing world. 170 00:21:31,957 --> 00:21:32,957 Sitzmarks. 171 00:21:39,173 --> 00:21:41,004 And through the long icy seasons, 172 00:21:41,091 --> 00:21:43,377 skating rinks of course are a busy place. 173 00:22:07,701 --> 00:22:10,443 You know because skating is really an international 174 00:22:10,538 --> 00:22:13,075 past time, this could be in any northern country. 175 00:22:18,546 --> 00:22:22,414 But a fast and frenzied race with reindeer supplying the power, 176 00:22:23,050 --> 00:22:24,836 well that's as Russian as borscht. 177 00:22:25,719 --> 00:22:28,631 Doesn't matter what sport man devises, his best friend 178 00:22:29,098 --> 00:22:32,841 and often his biggest nuisance, manages to get into the game. 179 00:22:50,369 --> 00:22:51,779 Traffic is sticky. 180 00:22:53,622 --> 00:22:54,907 Casualties mount. 181 00:22:55,541 --> 00:22:58,374 Dropouts are frequent, recoveries few. 182 00:24:24,296 --> 00:24:25,706 The going's heavy, 183 00:24:25,798 --> 00:24:28,380 and the shortest course between the starting and 184 00:24:28,425 --> 00:24:30,507 finishing points might be the toughest. 185 00:25:12,386 --> 00:25:14,593 The survivor and the winner. 186 00:25:16,682 --> 00:25:19,640 Neither snow, sub-zero temperatures, 187 00:25:19,727 --> 00:25:22,685 nor hunks of ice in the river can keep a hearty few from 188 00:25:22,771 --> 00:25:24,602 confusing January with June. 189 00:25:24,815 --> 00:25:28,103 It happens every winter throughout the northern hemisphere. 190 00:25:28,652 --> 00:25:31,985 As proof of the... well something or other. 191 00:25:35,117 --> 00:25:38,029 The majority of the people prefer the heated waters 192 00:25:38,120 --> 00:25:39,576 of the Moskva swimming pool. 193 00:25:39,913 --> 00:25:41,528 That's open the year round. 194 00:25:59,391 --> 00:26:02,383 Many Russians follow the sun and the season to part of the 195 00:26:02,519 --> 00:26:04,885 Soviet union that is subtropical in climate. 196 00:26:05,606 --> 00:26:07,062 They gather at sochi, 197 00:26:07,441 --> 00:26:10,228 the Russian riviera and they frolic in the waves. 198 00:26:27,753 --> 00:26:31,211 And here we have a pacific cove off the kamchatka peninsula. 199 00:26:32,091 --> 00:26:35,834 We find a couple divers preparing to find out what lies beneath them. 200 00:26:38,138 --> 00:26:40,470 These scooters are electrically driven. 201 00:26:40,599 --> 00:26:42,009 They're very maneuverable. 202 00:26:48,190 --> 00:26:50,772 The divers invade a world of silence. 203 00:27:23,225 --> 00:27:25,511 It seems dead, deserted. 204 00:27:25,644 --> 00:27:28,260 Just like the ruins of an ancient city. 205 00:27:56,300 --> 00:28:00,088 Little movement here, only the weeds in a submarine garden. 206 00:28:01,096 --> 00:28:03,678 Swaying as if in a soundless wind. 207 00:28:22,701 --> 00:28:24,657 It isn't long before members of a, 208 00:28:24,786 --> 00:28:26,777 sort of a reception committee appear. 209 00:28:27,080 --> 00:28:29,446 Natives are restless, but they're not hostile. 210 00:28:29,791 --> 00:28:31,873 They're curious rather than afraid. 211 00:28:32,711 --> 00:28:34,622 One of the divers beckons, 212 00:28:36,089 --> 00:28:38,330 and a flounder responds. 213 00:28:41,553 --> 00:28:43,043 So does an octopus. 214 00:28:43,388 --> 00:28:46,721 One of the sea's least known and most feared inhabitants. 215 00:28:52,731 --> 00:28:55,848 Seems to be the formula for making friends with the flounder 216 00:28:55,943 --> 00:28:58,855 is apparently, win its confidence first. 217 00:29:20,425 --> 00:29:22,131 Finally comes the feeding. 218 00:29:22,970 --> 00:29:25,928 The unwelcome guest bides it's time here. 219 00:29:52,582 --> 00:29:55,574 Crabs, which rank high on the menu of an octopus 220 00:29:55,669 --> 00:29:57,079 move away from their enemy. 221 00:30:07,431 --> 00:30:10,673 This is the creature Victor Hugo described as the sea vampire: 222 00:30:10,851 --> 00:30:13,638 A glutinous mass endowed with a malignant will. 223 00:30:14,438 --> 00:30:17,475 It looks like one of nature's less successful experiments, 224 00:30:17,566 --> 00:30:21,605 but actually it's an efficient machine for capturing and killing its prey. 225 00:30:21,653 --> 00:30:24,486 This one chooses not the demonstrate its efficiency, 226 00:30:24,489 --> 00:30:26,855 instead it presents the most desirable view 227 00:30:26,950 --> 00:30:28,190 one can get of an octopus. 228 00:30:28,243 --> 00:30:31,406 A going away view as it jet propulsions itself into the gloom 229 00:30:31,496 --> 00:30:32,781 of the kingdom of the sea. 230 00:32:31,032 --> 00:32:33,694 An old calling of the sea lures Russians 231 00:32:33,785 --> 00:32:35,491 far from their homeland. 232 00:32:35,996 --> 00:32:38,703 This wild, expansive water ruled by winds 233 00:32:38,874 --> 00:32:40,614 and guarded by fortresses of ice 234 00:32:41,418 --> 00:32:42,874 is the antarctic ocean. 235 00:32:46,840 --> 00:32:49,206 The latitude is 64 degrees south. 236 00:32:49,843 --> 00:32:51,458 Near the bottom of the world. 237 00:32:53,013 --> 00:32:56,176 And ships carrying the Russian flag are here on business. 238 00:32:56,516 --> 00:32:57,756 Big business. 239 00:33:05,484 --> 00:33:08,897 The crews clear the decks for action against the mightiest game 240 00:33:08,987 --> 00:33:10,193 men have ever hunted. 241 00:33:10,322 --> 00:33:11,402 Whales. 242 00:33:22,709 --> 00:33:25,917 Yes whaling has changed considerable since captain ahab 243 00:33:25,962 --> 00:33:28,954 lost limb then life in his battle against Moby dick. 244 00:33:29,549 --> 00:33:30,914 The white leviathan. 245 00:33:31,927 --> 00:33:34,714 Though the romance remains, the risks have gone down 246 00:33:34,846 --> 00:33:37,804 and the odds have gone up in the favor of the hunters. 247 00:33:48,276 --> 00:33:50,938 Now they search for their quarry from above. 248 00:34:01,748 --> 00:34:04,205 And there it is, it's a school of big ones. 249 00:34:04,251 --> 00:34:05,957 They're broaching and blowing. 250 00:34:24,854 --> 00:34:27,937 The spotter in the helicopter radios the fleet below 251 00:34:27,983 --> 00:34:30,349 and the catch boats move up for the kill. 252 00:35:11,276 --> 00:35:15,189 The modern method of harvesting the depths is speedy, sufficient. 253 00:35:15,864 --> 00:35:18,947 Team work and specialized equipment make it so. 254 00:35:26,082 --> 00:35:29,449 Still the ultimate success rides with just one man. 255 00:35:29,794 --> 00:35:31,580 That's the man behind the gun. 256 00:35:45,935 --> 00:35:48,972 This is that dramatic peek of any hunt when timing 257 00:35:49,522 --> 00:35:51,683 and marksmanship have to pay off. 258 00:35:58,782 --> 00:36:01,694 The thrust of a harpoon into the immense body of a whale 259 00:36:01,743 --> 00:36:03,984 isn't enough to really immobilize it. 260 00:36:04,120 --> 00:36:06,281 So in the head of the weapon is a time bomb 261 00:36:06,331 --> 00:36:09,164 set to go off when and where it will do the most damage. 262 00:36:10,543 --> 00:36:12,909 It must be shot again if it's necessary. 263 00:36:23,098 --> 00:36:25,589 This is certainly a far cry from the sport 264 00:36:25,642 --> 00:36:27,803 of playing a fish on light tackle but, 265 00:36:27,852 --> 00:36:30,685 whalers don't invade the antarctic for the sport of it. 266 00:36:50,208 --> 00:36:52,290 And it isn't easy, you know, to play games 267 00:36:52,377 --> 00:36:53,833 with opponents this big. 268 00:37:13,064 --> 00:37:16,022 Having done it's job in the pursuit of the capture, 269 00:37:16,192 --> 00:37:19,025 the catch boat turns it's prize over to the mother ship. 270 00:37:19,821 --> 00:37:21,277 This is the Ukraine. 271 00:37:21,406 --> 00:37:24,068 She's now on her 142nd day at sea. 272 00:37:44,471 --> 00:37:46,177 She's a floating factory. 273 00:37:46,514 --> 00:37:48,846 A processing plant for converting whales 274 00:37:48,975 --> 00:37:50,511 into marketable products. 275 00:37:51,561 --> 00:37:54,974 Into the gaping maw of the Ukraine go a hundred tons 276 00:37:55,106 --> 00:37:56,312 in eighty-five feet. 277 00:37:56,399 --> 00:37:58,640 Bone, blubber and meat. 278 00:39:45,967 --> 00:39:48,959 Now this looks like a mammoth mustache, but this is really 279 00:39:49,012 --> 00:39:51,594 the whale bone, which serves as sort of a sieve. 280 00:39:51,681 --> 00:39:54,423 Through which the animal strains the water for the 281 00:39:54,559 --> 00:39:56,470 tiny creatures that make up its diet. 282 00:40:00,481 --> 00:40:02,893 Mainly because of woman's eternal struggle to 283 00:40:02,942 --> 00:40:05,228 preserve the status quo of her figure. 284 00:40:05,486 --> 00:40:09,149 Because whale bone was used for stays in the corsets 285 00:40:09,240 --> 00:40:13,108 that she once wore as armor against age and avoirdupois. 286 00:40:18,291 --> 00:40:21,499 Well today its commercial value is much less than that of meat 287 00:40:21,836 --> 00:40:23,997 and of the oil obtained from the blubber. 288 00:40:32,513 --> 00:40:35,300 Oil that once lit the lamps of the civilized world 289 00:40:35,433 --> 00:40:37,389 now goes into the making of soaps. 290 00:40:46,235 --> 00:40:49,523 People drift into strange and specialized professions. 291 00:40:49,656 --> 00:40:52,147 An envied few become wine tasters. 292 00:40:54,202 --> 00:40:56,318 But others must sample whale oll. 293 00:41:05,964 --> 00:41:08,296 The hunt goes on. 294 00:41:42,083 --> 00:41:44,745 Far away Moscow, the gloom of the night is broken by 295 00:41:44,877 --> 00:41:46,413 a celebrating citizenry. 296 00:41:46,462 --> 00:41:48,703 Because it's carnival time in the capital. 297 00:41:48,798 --> 00:41:51,255 There are pyrotechnics, pageantry and parades. 298 00:41:51,592 --> 00:41:53,674 There's dancing in the streets. 299 00:42:40,433 --> 00:42:43,391 In a nearby theater the pyatnitsky folk choir presents 300 00:42:43,478 --> 00:42:45,719 the robust dancing of the country people. 301 00:46:41,841 --> 00:46:44,674 Moscow offers a wide choice in entertainment. 302 00:46:44,844 --> 00:46:48,428 You can go to the ballet to the breathtaking circus. 303 00:46:49,807 --> 00:46:52,970 Here's a demonstration of what is known as dzhigitovka. 304 00:46:53,769 --> 00:46:56,602 The acrobatics of riding a horse and visa versa. 305 00:48:59,728 --> 00:49:03,846 Star of the circus is Oleg Popov, he's a world famous clown. 306 00:49:03,899 --> 00:49:06,811 This fella's talent goes far beyond making a funny face 307 00:49:07,236 --> 00:49:08,646 or falling on it. 308 00:50:50,673 --> 00:50:54,382 Circus performing is really an established profession in the Soviet. 309 00:50:54,927 --> 00:50:58,010 The government runs a school for training the artists. 310 00:53:36,255 --> 00:53:38,211 The band strikes up, 311 00:53:38,841 --> 00:53:41,503 and progressive jazz goes backwards. 312 01:08:14,048 --> 01:08:17,290 In a Moscow theater, the world famous moiseyev company 313 01:08:17,427 --> 01:08:20,294 offers folk dancing which can sum up in a single dance 314 01:08:20,471 --> 01:08:22,587 the spirit of an entire people. 315 01:16:31,003 --> 01:16:32,413 The river is the tisza. 316 01:16:32,755 --> 01:16:35,212 Makes a twisting and tumbling descent from the 317 01:16:35,299 --> 01:16:37,915 carpathian mountains in southwestern Russian. 318 01:17:00,199 --> 01:17:02,906 Logs of course are hauled down out of the mountains 319 01:17:02,952 --> 01:17:05,318 the modern way in a truck, but the gutzuls 320 01:17:05,454 --> 01:17:07,820 those are the sturdy loggers of the region, 321 01:17:07,957 --> 01:17:10,994 continue to get the job done in the old and efficient manner. 322 01:17:44,118 --> 01:17:47,155 This thing develops into a race between machines and men 323 01:17:47,288 --> 01:17:51,122 who skillfully exploit the power of the tisza to reach their goal. 324 01:17:57,131 --> 01:17:59,463 Here's the hometown of one of the loggers. 325 01:17:59,800 --> 01:18:02,507 Just a fella who insists on home-cooked meals. 326 01:18:03,095 --> 01:18:04,881 He gets them on the run. 327 01:19:58,294 --> 01:20:00,330 The race is now between train and raft, 328 01:20:00,379 --> 01:20:03,496 with the truck, with its load of logs is falling behind. 329 01:20:04,925 --> 01:20:06,916 Suddenly the contest is over. 330 01:20:07,136 --> 01:20:11,345 Machines get tired, they break down, stop for water, 331 01:20:11,515 --> 01:20:14,723 but the river rolls on forever through time and space. 332 01:20:41,295 --> 01:20:44,037 While logs are ridden down the tisza, 333 01:20:44,214 --> 01:20:46,796 a train rumbles along the banks of the ural river, 334 01:20:46,925 --> 01:20:49,416 the eastern part of European Russia. 335 01:20:49,887 --> 01:20:53,379 It carries iron ore to the steel mills at magnitogorsk 336 01:20:53,891 --> 01:20:56,758 this is a big, busy center of heavy industry. 337 01:21:43,524 --> 01:21:47,767 Throughout the Soviet union, so rich in natural resources, 338 01:21:47,986 --> 01:21:51,854 growth, expansion, building and development are in evidence. 339 01:21:52,491 --> 01:21:57,155 It's happening in Siberia where tall trees bow before the bulldozer. 340 01:21:57,538 --> 01:22:01,326 The taiga, which Russians call the vast forest of the north 341 01:22:01,583 --> 01:22:03,289 gives way to progress. 342 01:22:34,158 --> 01:22:36,740 The trees topple, but rise again. 343 01:22:36,785 --> 01:22:39,618 In the form of buildings as another town emerges 344 01:22:39,705 --> 01:22:41,661 from the shows of Siberia. 345 01:22:59,016 --> 01:23:02,349 Well if a new and growing town is typical of Russia today, 346 01:23:02,561 --> 01:23:05,394 so is the shimmering sweep of a grain field. 347 01:23:32,257 --> 01:23:35,875 It's land that's used only for sowing, reaping. 348 01:23:36,929 --> 01:23:39,341 The wheat is heavy-headed with gold in it. 349 01:24:09,336 --> 01:24:11,042 Russian farming of course, 350 01:24:11,213 --> 01:24:14,421 fields are aflame with the bold red of poppies. 351 01:24:15,259 --> 01:24:17,250 Pork is an important product. 352 01:24:27,104 --> 01:24:28,969 So is milk and beef. 353 01:24:49,751 --> 01:24:53,243 And over the green pastures, the Shepherds tend their flocks. 354 01:24:54,423 --> 01:24:57,005 Here we have a pastural picture that's unchanged 355 01:24:57,301 --> 01:24:58,837 throughout the centuries. 356 01:26:32,437 --> 01:26:34,302 The sightseer takes to the air. 357 01:26:34,439 --> 01:26:36,896 For an eagle's eye view of forested hills 358 01:26:37,067 --> 01:26:38,773 and the blue of mountain lakes. 359 01:26:39,653 --> 01:26:40,859 This is lake ritsa. 360 01:26:41,029 --> 01:26:43,611 It's steep, it's clear. 361 01:26:44,658 --> 01:26:47,024 A genuine gem in the Georgian hinterland. 362 01:27:23,363 --> 01:27:26,605 From a plane you can best marvel at such scenic splendors as 363 01:27:26,742 --> 01:27:29,905 mount elbrus, that's off to the right there. 364 01:27:30,454 --> 01:27:32,991 This is the crown of the caucasus. 365 01:27:33,206 --> 01:27:34,992 Tallest peak in Europe. 366 01:27:35,417 --> 01:27:39,831 Rising 18,481 feet above sea level. 367 01:27:40,839 --> 01:27:45,333 This is the way to see the larger, more obvious aspects of nature. 368 01:28:39,815 --> 01:28:43,933 But to know nature intimately, to meet her furred and feathered creatures, 369 01:28:43,985 --> 01:28:45,566 this means walking. 370 01:28:45,695 --> 01:28:48,402 Walk deep into the heart of the hidden places. 371 01:28:49,241 --> 01:28:51,106 That is the way of the hunter. 372 01:28:51,743 --> 01:28:55,031 The prowler in the woods moves softly and slowly. 373 01:28:55,622 --> 01:28:58,204 Always alert and ready to shoot. 374 01:30:15,785 --> 01:30:18,948 He stops, he looks, listens. 375 01:30:20,999 --> 01:30:24,617 To the watcher in the wilderness the tableaux of nature unfold. 376 01:31:51,172 --> 01:31:52,833 This is it. 377 01:31:53,299 --> 01:31:55,711 A moment to be recorded and remembered. 378 01:31:57,303 --> 01:32:00,215 This is a moment in the afternoon of a Fawn. 379 01:32:09,816 --> 01:32:12,228 There's a lot of room in Russia for wildlife, but 380 01:32:12,402 --> 01:32:15,986 even so conditions become crowded when there's a bear around. 381 01:32:16,448 --> 01:32:18,279 Mishka, the people call him. 382 01:32:18,408 --> 01:32:20,774 Mishka the mischief maker. 383 01:32:21,286 --> 01:32:24,449 He has a capacity for confusion and chaos. 384 01:32:24,873 --> 01:32:26,704 Has a sweet tooth too. 385 01:32:26,833 --> 01:32:29,791 His weakness for honey leads to a conflict of interest 386 01:32:29,878 --> 01:32:32,164 between him and the beekeepers. 387 01:32:32,839 --> 01:32:36,002 He strikes by night, raiding the hives. 388 01:32:53,151 --> 01:32:56,643 And almost anytime, mishka can turn a peaceful catnap 389 01:32:56,946 --> 01:32:58,311 into a nightmare. 390 01:35:33,811 --> 01:35:35,642 Hibernating bear, that's a good bear. 391 01:35:35,772 --> 01:35:39,230 He's out of circulation, but when arrowed from his winter sleep, 392 01:35:39,734 --> 01:35:42,817 he immediately becomes trouble on the loose. 393 01:35:43,821 --> 01:35:46,062 Mishka is a catalytic agent. 394 01:35:46,157 --> 01:35:49,320 Always alert to the opportunity of deliberately causing 395 01:35:49,452 --> 01:35:51,317 incidents or accidents. 396 01:35:51,704 --> 01:35:53,786 Sometimes he simply falls into them. 397 01:37:11,784 --> 01:37:14,617 All wonder that the bear contributes so much to 398 01:37:14,704 --> 01:37:17,912 the legend of the land because he's that kind of a creature. 399 01:37:18,041 --> 01:37:21,625 He's got just what it takes to turn things inside out and upside down. 400 01:37:28,760 --> 01:37:31,422 Like the perfect catalyst that he is, 401 01:37:31,721 --> 01:37:34,758 mishka emerges unscathed from every adventure, 402 01:37:35,183 --> 01:37:36,514 and ready for more. 403 01:37:45,068 --> 01:37:47,775 Peaceful coexistence between man and beast, 404 01:37:47,820 --> 01:37:50,653 that's a delicate relationship, it's easily broken. 405 01:37:51,282 --> 01:37:54,115 Like here when wolves in hot pursuit of their prey 406 01:37:54,243 --> 01:37:56,734 invade the forbidden territory of humans. 407 01:37:57,205 --> 01:37:59,287 Their intended victim is an elk. 408 01:37:59,582 --> 01:38:02,039 I guess in north America we'd call this a moose. 409 01:38:15,056 --> 01:38:17,672 Hunger drives the wolves to unusual boldness, 410 01:38:17,725 --> 01:38:20,262 dulls their inherent respect for man himself. 411 01:38:32,740 --> 01:38:35,777 But he still can't face this fearsome weapon 412 01:38:35,868 --> 01:38:37,358 he uses against them. 413 01:38:38,788 --> 01:38:42,622 Over the sands of the muyunkum desert in Southern Russia 414 01:38:43,000 --> 01:38:44,831 moves a party of hunters. 415 01:38:45,378 --> 01:38:47,084 They're on a peace mission. 416 01:38:47,255 --> 01:38:50,213 Cause in this area, two wild boars have been battling 417 01:38:50,341 --> 01:38:53,333 savagely for territorial rights and herd mastery. 418 01:38:53,886 --> 01:38:57,754 This things got to end in the death of either the ruler or the challenger. 419 01:38:57,807 --> 01:39:01,220 Unless of course the hunters can capture one of them alive 420 01:39:01,352 --> 01:39:03,183 and transport it to another place. 421 01:40:13,049 --> 01:40:16,212 Boars are deadly fighters, they're always ready to 422 01:40:16,344 --> 01:40:19,302 defend or attack with their razor sharp tusks. 423 01:40:20,473 --> 01:40:23,306 A dangerous undertaking for both men and dogs. 424 01:42:52,541 --> 01:42:53,656 What now? 425 01:42:54,293 --> 01:42:56,204 It's one thing to overtake a boar, 426 01:42:56,253 --> 01:42:59,586 another to capture it alive without somebody getting hurt. 427 01:43:30,037 --> 01:43:32,904 Solution: Wrestle and hog-tie them. 428 01:44:22,131 --> 01:44:25,123 Another troubled spot in the Southern part of the Soviet 429 01:44:25,217 --> 01:44:27,378 is an island in the sea of aral. 430 01:44:27,636 --> 01:44:30,924 Because it's overrun there with a species of antelope which are 431 01:44:31,056 --> 01:44:33,342 eating themselves out of house and home. 432 01:44:37,188 --> 01:44:41,522 Again, men must step in to solve a problem of nature's making. 433 01:44:45,654 --> 01:44:49,863 Somehow, a part of the antelope herd has to be rounded up, 434 01:44:50,201 --> 01:44:52,943 driven into the net, and then taken off the island 435 01:44:52,995 --> 01:44:55,532 and moved into fresher and greener pastures. 436 01:45:02,338 --> 01:45:05,876 But corralling the antelope will be a chore demanding teamwork, 437 01:45:05,925 --> 01:45:08,792 you've got to have some good riders and fast horses. 438 01:45:08,886 --> 01:45:11,878 The antelope are fleet footed and they have a top speed 439 01:45:11,972 --> 01:45:13,883 of more than forty miles an hour. 440 01:45:28,989 --> 01:45:30,525 The starting signal 441 01:45:31,242 --> 01:45:33,028 and the big roundup begins. 442 01:46:49,945 --> 01:46:52,687 Even the best of horsemen hit the dirt sometimes. 443 01:46:58,162 --> 01:47:01,029 There's a wild donkey getting into the action. 444 01:47:01,123 --> 01:47:04,707 Assuming the task of catching the runaway horse of the fallen rider. 445 01:48:12,236 --> 01:48:15,854 Finally horsemen, motorcyclists, accomplish their mission. 446 01:48:16,615 --> 01:48:17,900 The donkey does too. 447 01:48:26,917 --> 01:48:29,954 Over a wild and watery stage in Russia, 448 01:48:30,629 --> 01:48:33,211 the birds weave the patterns of an aerial dance. 449 01:48:40,973 --> 01:48:43,965 When you think of Russia, you must think of the ballet. 450 01:48:44,935 --> 01:48:47,972 And here in the heart of Moscow is one of its cathedrals 451 01:48:48,105 --> 01:48:49,185 and cradles. 452 01:48:49,565 --> 01:48:51,977 The bolshoi theatre and school. 453 01:48:52,693 --> 01:48:55,480 Its history goes back to 1776. 454 01:48:56,280 --> 01:48:59,067 Out of the hundreds of children who apply each year 455 01:48:59,116 --> 01:49:02,324 for admission to the school, only thirty to forty are accepted. 456 01:49:02,911 --> 01:49:05,948 Beginning at age seven they learn the basics of the ballet. 457 01:49:06,123 --> 01:49:08,114 Practice, practice, practice. 458 01:49:08,625 --> 01:49:11,037 The moment the teacher arrives. 459 01:50:29,123 --> 01:50:31,956 They'll come that night when the student will perform 460 01:50:32,084 --> 01:50:34,416 before audiences at home and abroad. 461 01:50:35,295 --> 01:50:37,707 Meanwhile theres is the privilege of knowing 462 01:50:37,756 --> 01:50:40,463 the very special magic of backstage. 463 01:50:40,884 --> 01:50:43,626 Sharing in its excitement and watching the stars 464 01:50:43,762 --> 01:50:46,754 in who's intricate footsteps they hope to follow. 465 01:51:13,458 --> 01:51:15,414 It's opening night at the bolshoi. 466 01:51:15,586 --> 01:51:16,826 We are there. 467 01:51:17,796 --> 01:51:21,755 So is galina ulanova, one of the greatest of ballerinas. 468 01:51:21,925 --> 01:51:24,541 She's now retired but she's still teaching her art. 469 01:51:24,970 --> 01:51:28,383 She and her escorts occupy what was once the tsar's box. 470 01:51:50,954 --> 01:51:53,536 The ballerina is raisa struchkova. 471 01:51:53,665 --> 01:51:57,283 She's dancing the gavotte, the ballet flames of Paris. 472 01:53:41,273 --> 01:53:44,481 Another night, before us is Maya plisetskaya. 473 01:53:44,901 --> 01:53:48,314 The star maiden in the ballet the humpback horse. 474 01:55:32,759 --> 01:55:36,001 Vladimir vasiliev, acclaimed by many as the world's premiere 475 01:55:36,054 --> 01:55:39,217 male dancers in the role of Ivan, the peasant youth. 476 01:55:39,433 --> 01:55:42,175 With him in this ballet, based on a Russian fairy tale 477 01:55:42,310 --> 01:55:45,894 is alla shcherbinina as the horse who favors Ivan 478 01:55:46,022 --> 01:55:47,637 with her magic powers. 479 01:57:54,943 --> 01:57:56,479 And the touchstone of her art. 480 01:57:56,611 --> 01:58:00,229 Ekaterina maximova stars as the spirit of the peasant girl 481 01:58:00,574 --> 01:58:03,987 who rises from her grave to dance her lover into his own. 482 01:59:40,632 --> 01:59:43,749 Next, the familiar nutcracker suite with vasiliev 483 01:59:43,927 --> 01:59:46,509 and Yelena riabinkina. 484 02:01:11,097 --> 02:01:14,715 Finally, vakhtang chabukiani as othello 485 02:01:14,851 --> 02:01:18,059 doing the mad and frenzied dance that ends in death. 486 02:04:09,150 --> 02:04:10,515 The dancing is over 487 02:04:11,194 --> 02:04:13,731 and dawn comes to the city of Moscow. 488 02:04:14,364 --> 02:04:17,401 About eleven hours earlier the light of this new day 489 02:04:17,533 --> 02:04:19,239 first fell on Soviet soil. 490 02:04:19,410 --> 02:04:21,947 On the pacific coast, far to the east. 491 02:04:22,205 --> 02:04:26,369 That is the scope, the sweep, and the size of Russia. 40298

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