Original subtitles

Narrator: THE 20th OF APRİIL, 1939,

MARKS HIİTLER'S 5ü0th BIRTHDAY.

TO CELEBRATE THE OCCASION, JOSEPH GOEBBELS STAGES

A GRANDİOSE SPECTACLE IN BERLİN,

DEMONSTRATING THE THİRD REİCH'S MILITARY POWER.

IT SENDS A CLEAR MESSAGE TO THE WESTERN POWERS

NOT TO MESS WIİTH GERMANY.

THE MARCH ON THE NEWLY COMPLETED EAST-WEST AXIS

LASTS NEARLY 5 HOURS.

THE COMMANDER INSPECTS HIİS TROOPS.

JOSEPH GÖEBBELS NOTES IN HİS DİARY,

"THE FUEHRER 1S FATED LİKE NO OTHER MORTAL HAS EVER BEEN."

IN THE SÜUMMER MONTHS OF 1939,

HİTLER SPENDS VERY LİTTLE TİME İN BERLİN.

HE CHOOSES THE ORGANIZE THE WAR OVER DANZIG AND AĞAİNST POLAND

AWAY FROM THE REİCH'S CAPITAL.

THE MAJORİTY OF THE GERMAN POPULATION

IS AWARE THAT PEACE İN EUROPE IS HANGING BY A THREAD.

PEOPLE HOPE THAT HİTLER WILL ÖNCE AĞAİN ACHİEVE

HIS GÖOALS WİTHOUT BLOODSHED.

OÖNE JOURNALIST WRITES, "ONE CAN'T HELP OBSERVİNG

"THAT PEOPLE ARE ENJOYİNG THEMSELVES

WITH RECKLESS ABANDON."

İMUSİC PLAYING)

ON THE 3ist OF JULY, 1939, THE FUEHRER ATTENDS

THE DAY OF GERMAN ART IN MUNİCH.

A GROUP OF HOBBY FİLMMAKERS HAVE PREPARED

FOR THIS MAJOR EVENT, AND THEY DOCUMENT THE PROCEEDİNGS

USİING SEVERAL CAMERAS AND EXPENSİVE COLOR FİLMS.

EVERYBODY WHO IS ANYBODY IN THE THİRD REİCH

1S SEATED ON THE V.İ.P. ROSTRUM THAT AFTERNOON,

EAGERLY AWAITING THE FESTİVE PROCESSİON

THEMED "LIVİNG PİCTÜRES OF 2,000 YEARS OF GERMANIC HİSTORY."

THE PRETENTİOUS PARADE CARRIES THE IİMPLİCATION

THAT NOT ONLY THE FUTUÜRE, BUT ALSO THE PAST

1S NATIONAL SOCİALIST.

"THE NAZI PROCESSİON," WRITES AN AMERİCAN OBSERVER,

158 THE ADMISSİON OF HİTLER'S TİRELESS PLANS OF CONOUEST."

HIİTLER SPENDS MOST OF AUGUST ON THE OBERSALZBERG.

THE DICTATOR RECEİVES ONLY FEW GUÜESTS ON THE BERGHOF,

OÖNE OF THEM THE İTALIAN FOREİGN MİNİSTER COUNT CİANO.

HİTLER REVEALS TO HIS ALLY THAT HE HAS DECİDED

TO ATTACK POLAND BEFORE THE END OF THE MONTH.

S.S. CHIEF HİMMLER AND CHIEF OF SECURİTY HEYDRİCH

ARE TO ÖORCHESTRATE İNCİDENTS ON THE POLİSH BORDER.

THE REİCH'S FOREİGN MİNİSTER JOACHIİM VON RİIBBENTROP

18 THE MAN WHO MOST İNFLUENCES HIİTLER'S POLİCY

IN AUGUST, 1939.

FOR WEEKS, HE HAD BEEN NEGOTİATING WIİTH THE SOVİETS

OVER A RAPPROCHEMENT TO THE TWO COUNTRIES

TO ENSUÜRE THAT THE SOVİET UNİON DOES NOT IİNTERFERE

IF GERMANY GOES TO WAR WITH POLAND.

FINALLY, ON THE 23rd OF AVGUST,

RIBBENTROP FLIES TO MOSCOW

TO CONCLUDE THE TREATY

WITH THE MAJOR IİDEOLOGİCAL ENEMY OF THE NAZİIS.

FROM GERMANY'S VİIEWPOINT,

THE SIGNING OF THE GERMAN-SOVİET NONAGGRESSİON PACT MEANS

THAT THE WAY FOR THE ATTACK ON POLAND 15 NOW CLEAR.

Kershaw: 1T WAS A DEVİL'S PACT,

BUT A DEVİL'S PACT THAT SERVED BOTH COUNTRIES BRİLLİANTLY WELL.

AT THE TİME, FOR GERMANY, IT MEANT THAT THE EASTERN FLANK

WAS NOW... WAS NOW SECUÜRED.

THEY COULD ATTACK POLAND WITH COMPLETE İMPUNİTY

FROM THE POİNT OF VİEW OF THE SOVİET ÜUNİON.

AND AS REGARDS THE SOVİET UNİON,

THE PACT SERVED TO BUY THEM TIİME.

STALIN KNEW THAT... KNEW THAT HİTLER

WOULD AT SOME POIİNT IİNVADE.

HE THOUGHT THİS WOULD BE IN 1942, '43.

AND IİF THEY COULD HOLD ON TIİLL THEN,

THE RED ARMY WOULD BE READY.

AND THEREFORE, FROM STALIN'S POİNT OF VİEW,

THE PACT WAS VERY ÜSEFUL BECAUSE IT ALLOWED THEM,

THE SOVİET UNİON, TO HAVE THIS TİME

TO BUİLD UP THE ARMY.

SO THIS PACT SERVED ITS PURPOSES FOR A WHIİLE ON BOTH SİDES.

WHAT IT MEANT FOR THE WEST WAS THAT THE WAR

WAS NOT ONLY CERTAIN, BUT 1T WAS CERTAIİN İN THE NEAR FUTÜRE.

Narrator: DANZIG BECOMES A PLAYTHING

IN HİTLER'S DİPLOMACY OF İNTİMİDATION.

THE MAJORİTY OF THE POPULATION 1S GERMAN,

BUT THE CIİTY 15 SÜURROUNDED BY POLİSH TERRİTORY.

ACCORDIİNG TO THE TREATY OF VERSAİLLES,

THE BALTIC SEAPORT 15 ÜNDER THE AÜSPİCES

OF THE LEAGUE OF NATİONS.

NATIONAL SOCİALIST PROPAGANDA DEMANDS THAT DANZIG

RETURN HOME TO THE REİCH,

AND FEW PEOPLE BELİEVE THAT POLAND'S ALLIES,

FRANCE AND GREAT BRİTAİN, WILL HAVE THEİR SOLDİERS

DIE FOR THE SAKE OF DANZIG.

Kershaw: DANZIG WAS SIMPLY THE OCCASION,

BUT HIİTLER HAD SAID OUİTE SPECİFİCALLY

TO HIİS--THE LEADERS OF THE ARMED FORCES,

"THIS 18 NOT ABOUT DANZİGĞ.

"IT'S ABOUT LİMBS ÖOR ABOUT LIVİNG SPACE FOR GERMANY,"

ABOUT EXPANSION, THEREFORE.

FROM THE POİNT OF VİEW OF THE...

HIS RELATIONS WITH THE WESTERN POWERS,

HİTLER'S VİIEW WAS, "WELL, THEY DIDN'T FİGHT

"FOR THE SÜDETENLAND.

WHY WOULD THEY THEN FİGHT FOR DANZIG?"

SO HIS HOPE WAS THAT BY FOCUSIİNG UPON DANZİGĞ,

HE'D BE ABLE TO BREAK THE LINK

BETWEEN THE WESTERN POWERS AND POLAND.

Narrator: MOBİLİZATION IN GERMANY

BEĞİNS ON THE 23rd ÖF AUGÜUST.

HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF MEN FIT FOR MILITARY SERVİCE

FLOCK TO THE BARRACKS ACROSS THE REİCH.

THE NEWSREEL FILM SÜGGESTS THAT JUST AS IN 1914,

THE SOLDİERS ARE KEEN TO GO TO WAR.

NEUTRAL OBSERVERS, HOWEVER, SEE THİNGS DİFFERENTLY.

"EVERYONE 15 AĞAİNST THE WAR,"

WRITES A U.S. REPORTER AT THE TİME.

"HOW CAN A COUNTRY ENTER SUCH A DECİSİVE WAR

WHEN ITS POPULATION 15 SO WAR-WEARY?"

THE SECOND WORLD WAR BEĞİNS ON THE FİRST OF SEPTEMBER, 1939.

ALREADY AN HOUR BEFORE THAT,

AT A OUARTER TO 5:00 IN THE MORNİNG,

GERMAN TROOPS IİNVADE POLİSH TERRİTORY.

IN THE EARLY MORNİNG HOURS,

THEY TAKE DANZIG BY SURPRISE

AND SEİZE ALL OFFİCİAL BUİLDİNGS.

THE LAST REMAINING DEFENDERS OF THE CİTY

HAVE NO CHOİCE BUT TO SURRENDER.

TWO DAYS LATER, GREAT BRIİTAİN AND FRANCE

DECLARE WAR ON GERMANY.

Kershaw: EVEN AT THIS LAST MINUTE, HİTLER THOUGHT

THAT SOME DEAL COULD BE DONE

THAT WOULD KEEP THE WESTERN POWERS OUT OF THE CONFLİCT

AND PREVENT IT BEİNG A GENERAL EUROPEAN WAR

AND JUST ALLOW GERMANY TO ATTACK AND DESTROY POLAND.

BUT THE WESTERN POWERS REMAİNED ADAMANT THROUGHOUT THİS

THAT THEY WOULD... THEY WOULD İNSİST UPON

GERMANY HOLDİNG BACK FROM ANY ATTACK ON POLAND,

AND WHEN İT CAME TO İT

BETWEEN THE GERMAN ATTACK ON THE FİRST

AND THE DECLARATION OF WAR BY BRIİTAİN AND FRANCE

ON THE THİRD OF SEPTEMBER,

THERE WERE STILL DIPLOMATIC MANEUVERS GOİNG ON,

BUT NOW WIİTHOUT VERY MUCH HOPE BECAUSE THE BRİTİSH İNSİSTED

THAT THEY WOULD DO NOTHIİNG NOW

ÜNLESS THE GERMANS PULLED BACK FROM POLAND.

Narrator: FROM THE FOURTH OF SEPTEMBER ONWARDS,

THE FUEHRER 15 ALWAYS CLOSE TO THE FRONT.

A RARE AMATEUR FİLM HAS CAPTUÜRED HIM

DURING A VİSİT TO GERMAN TROOPS İN POLAND.

IT'S PLAİN TO SEE THAT HİTLER IS İN HİS ELEMENT.

THE WAR STIMULATES HIM SO MUCH

THAT HE İNSİSTS ON DRİVİNG THROUGH THE COMBAT ZONES

IN AN OPEN CAR.

EVEN BEFORE THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE CAMPAIGN,

HITLER HAD DECLARED THAT HIS TARGET

WAS THE OBLİTERATION OF POLAND.

AS EARLY AS THE FİFTH OF SEPTEMBER,

THE CHIEF OF GENERAL STAFF NOTES,

"THE ENEMY 1S PRACTICALLY DEFEATED."

IN VİEW OF THE SÜPERİORİTY OF THE WEHRMACHT,

WITH 1TS 1.5 MILLION SOLDIİERS,

POLAND'S LAST DEFENDERS SURRENDER

ON THE SİXTH OF OCTOBER.

THE ARMED FORCES PAY TRİBÜTE TO THE FUEHRER

WITH A VİCTORY PARADE ON THE STREETS OF WARSAW.

NOW ONLY A COUP OR AN ASSASSINATION

CAN STOP GERMANY FROM DESCENDİNG

IİRREVOCABLY IİNTO BARBARITY.

ARMY OFFİCERS CRİTİCAL OF THE REGİME

CANNOT BRIİNG THEMSELVES TO ACT, YET ON THE EVENİNG

OF THE EİGHTH OF NOVEMBER,

THERE 15 AN EXPLOSİON IN A MÜUNİCH BEER HALL.

THE EXPLOSİVE DEVİCE GOES OFF

AFTER HİTLER HAS LEFT THE HALL.

HE HAD TO LEAVE EARLIER THAN PLANNED.

THE NAZIS ACCUSE GREAT BRİTAİN OF BEİNG BEHİND THE ATTEMPT.

HOWEVER, THE PERSON RESPONSIİBLE HAS ALREADY BEEN APPREHENDED

BY THE BORDER POLİCE WHEN HE TRIED TO FLEE THE COUNTRY.

GEORG ELSER, A CARPENTER,

HAD CONSTRUCTED THE BOMB HIİMSELF.

HIS GOAL WAS TO LİBERATE GERMANY FROM ITS TYRANT.

HITLER PROCLAIMED ON SEVERAL OCCASIONS

DESTİNY HAD ORDAİNED HİM TO TAKE ON THİS RESPONSİBİLİTY.

NOW THIS PATHETİC CLICHE PHRASE

HAS BECOME AN İRON LAW.

AN OPPONENT OF THE REGİME WRITES İN HER DIİARY,

"IT NOW APPEARS THAT A TERRİBLE END

WOULD BE MORE TOLERABLE THAN TERROR WITHOUT END."

THE KILLING HAS LONG BEĞGUN.

COMPULSORY STERIİLİZATIONS HAVE BEEN PERMİTTED BY LAW SİNCE 1933

TO PREVENT OFFSPRİNG WITH HEREDİTARY DİSEASES.

TO JUSTİFY THE ELİMİNATION OF THE MENTALLY HANDICAPPED,

NAZI PROPAGANDA PRESENTS THEİR MURDER

AS A RELEASE FROM SUFFERİNG

OR A DİSPOSAL OF LİFE UNWORTHY OF LİFE.

IN OCTOBER, 1939, HİTLER DECREES THE SO-CALLED ACTION T-4,

A PROGRAM UÜNDER WHIİCH SOME 90,000 PATIENTS ARE MURDERED.

İHAMANN SPEAKING GERMAN)l

Translator: İT IS A LOT EASIER TO ENFORCE RADICAL MEASURES

IN WARTİME.

THE FİRST OF THESE ATROCİOUS LAWS

WAS ACTION T-4, AND 1TS PURPOSE

WAS THE OBLİTERATION OF PEOPLE

WITH MENTAL OR PHYSICAL DISABIİLİTİES.

ACTUALLY, THEY HAD FİGURED OUT A WAY TO KEEP IİT ANONYMOUS

FOR THE SAKE OF THE RELATIVES OF THE VİCTİMS.

THE NEXT OF KIN WOULD RECEİVE A NOTE

SAYING THAT THEİR CHİLD HAD DIED FROM PNEUMONİA

AND THAT THE ASHES WOULD BE SENT TO THEM

OR SOMETHİNG LİKE THAT.

Narrator: AT THE BEGİNNİNG OF 1940,

ADOLF HİTLER RECEİVES WORKERS AND FARMERS DELEGĞATIONS

IN THE REİCH'S CHANCELLERY IN BERLİN.

HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF MEN WERE CONSCRIİPTED

WHEN THE WAR STARTED, AND THEY ARE NOW LACKING

IN IİNDÜSTRY AND AĞRICUÜLTÜRE.

IT BECOMES VITAL TO MOTİVATE THE PEOPLE

ON THE HOME FRONT.

ARMAMENTS PRODUCTIİON DOES NOT MEET

THE DEMANDS OF THE DICTATOR.

INIİTİALLY, THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARMAMENTS PROGRAM

WAS BASED ON THE ASSUMPTİON THAT THE WAR WOULD START IN 1942.

HIİTLER, HOWEVER, 1S NOT DIİSSUADED

FROM HIS PLANS OF CONOUEST.

PREPARATIONS FOR AN ASSAULT OF GERMAN TROOPS ON SCANDINAVIA

UÜNDER THE CODE NAME OPERATION WESERUBUNG,

"OPERATİION WESER EXERCİSE," ARE İN FULL SWIİNG.

(ALY SPEAKING GERMAN)l

Translator: WHEN THE GERMANS TOOK CONTROL

OF THE COUNTRY IN WORLD WAR 1I,

THE BENCHMARK FOR 1TS CONTRIBUTİONS TO THE REİCH

WAS TWICE THE AMOUNT OF THE COUNTRY'S LAST BUDGET.

THIS 18 HOW THE NAZI REGİME BECAME FISCALLY STABLE.

THAT'S NOT TO SAY THAT THIİS WAS THE ONLY REASON FOR THE WAR,

BUT 1T WAS A DECİSİVE MOTİVE NEVERTHELESS.

BEARING THIS İN MİND, IT BECOMES CLEAR

THAT THIS REGİME WOULD NEVER HAVE BEEN ABLE

TO REACH A COMPROMİSE.

IT WAS UNWIİLLİNG TO COMPROMİSE FROM THE START.

Narrator: AN EXCERPT FROM A NAZI TELEVİSİON REPORT

ON THE STRAİNS ON THE POPULATION.

YET NOT EVEN THE METAL DONATIONS

FOR HİTLER'S BIRTHDAY ON THE 20th OF APRİIL

CAN SOLVE THE SHORT SUPPLY OF RAW MATERİALS.

PEOPLE ARE HAPPY TO PUT UP WİTH SÜCH BÜRDENS,

AS İN OTHER RESPECTS, THE GÖVERNMENT

LEAVES THEM MORE OR LESS İN PEACE.

THE SOLDİERS PROVİDE FOR THE ÜRGENTLY NEEDED SÜPPLİES.

THE İMAGES ARE SHOT BY EDGAR FORSBERG,

AN ARMY LİIFUTENANT STATİONED IN OCCUPİED POLAND.

AS OF NOVEMBER, 1939,

ALL JEWS HAVE TO WEAR A WHIİTE ARMBAND

WITH A BLUE STAR OF DAVID.

IN MID-1940, THE NUREMBERG RACE LAWS TAKE EFFECT HERE, TOO.

JEWİSH CİTİZENS ARE SYSTEMATICALLY DEPRIİVED

OF THEİR RİGHTS AND PLUNDERED.

ON REOUEST OF ANY GERMAN AUTHORİTY İN NEED OF LABORERS,

JEWS ARE PİCKED UP ON THE STREET

AND TAKEN AWAY IN CONVOYS.

SOON, SO-CALLED JEWIİSH COUNCİLS ARE SET UP,

AND ONE OF THEİR TASKS 158 TO PROVİDE WORKERS

WHENEVER THE GERMANS DEMAND IT.

HIİTLER SPENDS THE SPRİNG OF 1940

ON THE BERGHOF NEAR BERCHTESGADEN,

FROM WHERE THIS PRIVATE FOOTAGE ORİĞİNATES.

HIS ENTOURAGE, CONSİSTİNG OF ADJUTANTS, SECRETARIES,

AND OLD COMPANIONS, IS ASSEMBLED ON THE TERRACE.

THE DICTATOR 15 PLANNING THE WAR AGĞGAİNST FRANCE.

HE BELİEVES THAT IF HE MANAGES TO WİN İT

BEFORE GREAT BRİTAİN CAN GAİN A FOOTHOLD ON THE CONTİNENT,

THE BRİTİSH WIİLL BE BEGGİNG FOR PEACE.

SİNCE FRANCE DECLARED WAR ON GERMANY,

THE BORDER SEPARATING THE TWO COUNTRIES

HAS BEEN FORTİFİED.

ALL TRAFFİIC CONNECTİONS HAVE BEEN SEVERED.

EDGAR FORSBERG'S BEAR DIVIİSİON, OR BEAREN DIVİSİON,

HAS MEANWHILE BEEN TRANSFERRED TO THE SAARLAND,

DEMONSTRATING ITS READIİNESS FOR ACTION İN MANEUVERS

WITH GAS MASKS AND SMOKE GRENADES.

IT HAS BEEN ÖOLUIET FOR MONTHS NOW ON THE WESTERN FRONT.

THE FRENCH GAVE THIS PHASE THE NAME DROLE DE GÜERRE,

"THE PHONY WAR."

THE BLİTZKRIEG AGAİNST FRANCE

BEĞİNS OF THE TENTH OF MAY, 1940,

WITH THE OPERATION FALL GELB, "CASE YELLOW."

118 WEHRMACHT DIVİSİONS PUSH THROUGH NEUTRAL BELGİUM,

HOLLAND, AND LÜUXEMBOURG,

AND MOVE İN ON FRANCE.

WITHİN DAYS, THE FRENCH LOSE TENS OF THOUSANDS OF SOLDİERS.

OÖOVER A MILLION ARE TAKEN PRİSONER.

HOW THE GERMANS MANAGED TO OVERRUN

THE BRİTİSH AND FRENCH FORCES SO EASILY

IS A MATTER OF DEBATE TO THIS DAY,

FOR THE ALLIED ARMIES HAVE MORE SOLDİERS THAN THE WEHRMACHT

AND TWIİCE AS MANY ARTILLERY PIECES.

HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS BECOME REFUGEES.

CHARLES DE GAÜLLE LATER WRITES IN HİS MEMOİRS,

"FRANCE'S FATE WAS SEALED IN JUST ONE WEEK."

THE ADVANCE OF THE WEHRMACHT HAPPENED SO OUICKLY,

THAT THE PROPAGANDA MACHIİNERY CAN HARDLY KEEP UP

WITH CAPTURIİNG THE VİCTORİOUS CAMPAIİGN ON FİLM.

IN THE SÜUMMER OF 1940,

THE BATTLE OF FRANCE IS REENACTED,

AND A COLOR FİLM TİTLED "ARTİLLERİE GREİFTEİN,"

"ARTİLLERY İNTERVENES," 15 MADE.

İMACHIİNE GÜNS FİRİNGİ

IN ACTUAL FACT,

THE RESİSTANCE OF THE FRENCH AND BRİTİSH FORCES

15 BROKEN AFTER JUST A FEW WEEKS.

HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF ALLIED SOLDİERS

ARE CUT OFF AND TRAPPED NEAR DUNKIRK.

THEN HİTLER ORDERS HIS PANZER DIİVİSİONS TO HALT,

WANTING TO CONSERVE THEM FOR THE ADVANCE SOUTHWARDS.

LUFTWAFFE COMMANDER GOERİNG HAS PROMIİSED

TO FİNİSH ÖFF THE ENEMY FORCES WITH HIS AİRCRAFT.

BUT DESPİTE HEAVY BOMBARDMENT,

NEARLY 340,0900 BRITİSH AND FRENCH SOLDİERS

CAN BE EVACUATED ON SHİPS.

HERE, HITLER ARRIVES AT THE AİRFİELD

IN THE TOWN OF COMBRAY IN NORTHERN FRANCE

ON THE SECOND OF JÜNE, 1940.

WOUNDED GERMAN SOLDİERS WERE HASTILY FLOWN IN

TO SERVE AS ACCESSORİES

IN THE FUEHRER'S PROPAGANDIST APPEARANCE.

HİTLER'S PİLOT, HANS BAUR DOCUMENTS THE SCENE

WITH HIS CAMERA.

THE VİICTORİOUS WEHRMACHT LEADERS AT LUNCH.

ON THE 13th OF JUNE, THE FRENCH GÖVERNMENT

DECLARES PARIS AN OPEN CİTY.

ON THE FOLLOWİNG DAY,

THE WEHRMACHT MARCHES INTO FRANCE'S CAPITAL.

4 DAYS LATER, THE FRENCH GÖVERNMENT

ÜNDER MARSHALL PETAIİN APPEALS FOR AN ARMİSTİCE.

A TRIUMPHANT HİTLER TAKES A TOUR AROUND OCCUPİED PARİS AT DAWN.

THIS FILM WAS TAKEN ON THE FRONT TERRACE

OF THE PALACE ON THE TROCADERO.

ALBERT SPEER LATER REPORTS THAT IT WAS AT THİIS MOMENT

THAT HİTLER DECİDED TO REFRAİN FROM HIS PLANS

TO DESTROY PARIS.

"WHEN WE ARE FİNİSHED IN BERLİN,"

HE APPARENTLY TOLD HIS ARCHITECT,

"PARIİS WİLL ONLY BE A SHADOW."

ON THE AFTERNOON OF THE 21st OF JUNE, 1940,

HİTLER ARRİVES AT COMPİEGNE,

A CITY NORTHEAST OF PARİS. THE DICTATOR WANTS TO BE PRESENT

AT THE SİGNİNG OF FRANCE'S SUBMİSSİON.

FOR THE OCCASION, HE HAD THE SAME RAILWAY CARRIAGE

IN WHİCH THE GERMANS HAD TO SIİGN THE SÜRRENDER ARMİSTİCE

THAT MARKED THE END OF WORLD WAR l

TAKEN OUT OF THE MÜSELM.

THE DICTATOR WANTS MODERATE ARMIİSTİCE TERMS.

"ALL HIS WORDS REFLECT HIS WISH

TO COME TO A CONCLUSİON SWIFTLY,"

COMMENTS THE İTALIAN FOREİGN MIİNİSTER.

"HİTLER 15 LİKE A PLAYER WHO HAS BROKEN THE BANK.

"HE JUST WANTS TO LEAVE THE GAMBLİNG TABLE

WITHOUT RISKING ANYTHING ANYMORE."

Kershaw: HIS REACTION TOWARDS THE FRENCH

WAS A RELATIVELY LENİENT PEACE,

BECAUSE HE WAS ALREADY THINKING OF THE NEXT STEP,

AND THE NEXT STEP WAS THE SOVİET UNİON.

SO WIİTHİN A MATTER ONLY OF A FEW WEEKS

AFTER THIS STUPENDOUS VİCTORY OVER THE FRENCH

AND FORCED THE BRİTİSH BACK ACROSS THE CHANNEL,

HIİTLER WAS NOW TELLİNG HIS GENERALS

TO PREPARE FOR THE WAR AGAİNST THE SOVİET UNİON,

WHICH HE WAS ENVİSİONİNG AS TAKING PLACE

IN THE SPRİNG OF THE FOLLOWİNG YEAR, THE SPRING OF 1941.

THE WAY HE PUT THIS TO HIS GENERALS,

THE STRATEĞİC MOTİVE FOR THE ATTACK ON THE SOVİET UNİON

WAS NOW THAT HE COULDN'T GET THE BRIİTİSH OUT OF THE WAR.

THE BRİTİSH WERE ADAMANT.

THEY WERE NOW NOT MOVİNG TO...

TO COME TO ANY TERMS WITH GERMANY,

EVEN AFTER THE DEFEAT OF FRANCE.

SO WHAT HİTLER SAID TO HIS GENERALS WAS THAT

'WE HAVE TO DESTROY BRİTAİN'S LAST HOPE ON THE CONTİNENT,

"WHICH 15 THE SOVİET UNİON.

"IİF WE DESTROY THE SOVİET UNİON,

"BRİTAİN WIİLL BE FORCED TO COME TO TERMS.

"AMERİCA, STANDING İN THE SHADOWS BEHIİND GREAT BRİTAİN,

"WOULD THEN KEEP TO 1TS OWN HEMİSPHERE.

GERMANY WILL EFFECTİVELY THEN HAVE WON THE WAR."

SO THE NOTİON WAS "DEFEAT LONDON VIA MOSCOW."

Narrator: ON THE SIİXTH OF JULY, 1940,

HIİTLER RETURNS TO BERLİN

AS A VİCTORİOUS COMMANDER-İN-CHIEF.

NAZI GERMANY IS İN A STATE OF TRİIUMPHANT EUPHORİA.

İPATRIOTİC MÜUSİC PLAYING)

THE REİCH'S CAPITAL IN THE SÜUMMER OF 1940.

PEACE HAS TEMPORARILY RETURNED AFTER THE SUÜCCESSFUL CAMPAİGNS

AGAİNST POLAND AND FRANCE.

THE WAR SEEMS A LONG WAY AWAY,

AND GERMANS ENJOY THE SÜUMMER.

JUST LİKE EVERY OTHER SÜMMER, BERLİNERS BASK IN THE SUN

AROUND THE WANNSEE LAKE.

"ABSOLUTE CALM IN POLİTİCS AND WARFARE,"

NOTES PROPAGANDA MINİSTER GOEBBELS IN HIİS DİARY.

HİTLER'S LOVER, EVA BRAUN, 1S ON HOLİDAY İN İTALY,

HERE ON THE BEACH OF PARAGGİI NEAR PORTOFİNO.

BRAUN 15 ALLOWED TO TRAVEL ONLY İN THE COMPANY

OF HER SİSTER AND HER MOTHER.

ONLY HİTLER'S İNNER CİRCLE KNOWS OF EVA'S EXİSTENCE.

SHE 15 KEPT AWAY FROM THE PUBLİC EYE.

FOLLOWIİNG THE RESİGNATION OF NEVİLLE CHAMBERLAIİN

ON THE TENTH OF MAY, 1949,

WINSTON CHURCHIİLL 1S İNSTALLED

AS GREAT BRIİTAİN'S PRİME MİNİSTER.

İCHEERING)

WITHIİN A FEW WEEKS, HE BECOMES HİTLER'S WORST ENEMY.

Kershaw: CHURCHILL RAPIDLY DEVELOPED

INTO THE COMPLETE ANTITHESİS OF HİTLER,

THIS SYMBOL OF BRİTİSH DEFİANCE AND RESİSTANCE.

AND İN LATE MAY, CHURCHIİLL SUCCEEDED

IN PERSUADING THE BRİTİSH WAR CABİNET

NOT TO COME TO TERMS WITH HİTLER VİA MUSSOLİNİ,

BUT TO STAY IN THE WAR.

ALTHOUGH AT THAT TIİME, HE HAD NO HOPES,

NO İMMEDİATE HOPES CERTAİNLY OF ANY HELP FROM AMERİCA.

BRITAİN STAYED İN THE WAR,

MANAGED TO GET THE TROOPS BACK FROM DUNKIRK.

CHURCHILL TURNED A MAJOR DEFEAT

INTO A GREAT TRİUMPH AND SPOKE ABOUT THE MIRACLE OF DÜNKİRK.

AND FROM THEN ON, HİS SPEECHES FROM LATE MAY, 1940, ONWARDS,

THE SPEECHES THAT HE GAVE BECAME THEMSELVES

A RHETORİCAL WEAPON OF BRİTİSH RESIİSTANCE TO GERMANY

AND A VERY IİMPORTANT ELEMENT

IN SHORİNG ÜUP BRITİSH MORALE AT THAT TİME.

Narrator: THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN BEĞİNS İN JÜLY, 1940,

THE OBJECTİVE OF THE CAMPAİGN BEİNG

TO PREPARE AN IİNVASION OF THE İSLAND.

THE GERMANS CAN NOW ÜSE AİRFİELDS

IN BELGİUM, HOLLAND, AND NORTHERN FRANCE,

ENABLING THEM TO FLY WITH LESS FUEL

AND THUS CARRY LARGER PAYLOADS.

DESPİTE THE DISASTER IN FRANCE,

MORALE IN BRİTAİN 15 HİGH,

NOT LEAST THANKS TO WİNSTON CHURCHİLL,

WHOSE FERVENT SPEECHES İINSPİRE THE POPULATION.

IN THE AİR BATTLES OVER ENGLAND,

ROYAL AIİR FORCE PİLOTS INFLİICT HEAVY LOSSES

ON THE GERMAN LUÜFTWAFFE.

İMACHIİNE GÜN FİRİNGİ

HIİTLER PROMOTES A DOZEN GENERALS TO THE RANK OF FİELD MARSHALL

AND APPOİNTS HERMANN GOERİNG REİCHSMARSHALL.

THE DICTATOR APPEALS TO THE BRİTİSH

TO YIELD TO REASON, BUT THE GÖVERNMENT İN LONDON

CATEGORİCALLY REJECTS NEGOTİATIONS WITH THE NAZIS,

THUS RIİSKİNG AN İNVASİION OF BRİTAİN BY THE WEHRMACHT,

WHICH IS ALREADY IN PREPARATION

UÜNDER THE CODE NAME OPERATION SEA LİON.

THE FUEHRER PROMIİSES HIİS ALLIES

THAT HE WILL SOON BREAK THE KINGDOM'S RESİSTANCE.

Kershaw: HİTLER HİMSELF HAD COLD FEET ABOUT THİS

FROM THE VERY BEĞİNNİNG.

IT WAS A RİSKY VENTÜRE FROM THE GERMAN POİNT OF VİEW

BECAUSE İN THE SHORT TİME AVAILABLE,

THEY COULDN'T GET TOGETHER SUÜFFİCİENT SHİPS

TO BRİNG ABOUT A SPEEDY LANDING OF GERMAN TROOPS,

AND THE FEAR WAS THAT THE BRİTİSH NAVY

OR THE PART OF THE NAVY THAT WAS KEPT

IN SCAPA FLOW'İN... OFF SCOTLAND

WOULD COME DOWN THERE AND DESTROY THE LANDING.

OÖNCE THE LUFTWAFFE DID NOT SUCCEED

IN DESTROYİNG THE BRİTİSH ROYAL AİR FORCE,

BUT ON THE CONTRARY SUFFERED VERY SEVERE LOSSES,

OPERATION SEA LİON WAS THEN POSTPONED

UNTİL THE SPRİNG OF 1941,

BUT IN REALIİTY, POSTPONED İNDEFİNİTELY.

Narrator: IN SPİTE OF EVERYTHİNG,

LONDON BECOMES THE MAİN TARGET

OF GERMAN BOMBİNG RAİDS THAT GO ON FOR MONTHS.

THE FUEHRER'S DECLARED IİNTENTİON

158 TO WİPE THE CAPITAL OF THE EMPİRE

FROM THE FACE OF THE EARTH.

HITLER'S BOMBERS ALSO FLY RAIDS

OÖOVER BRİTİSH İNDUSTRİAL CİTİES, SUCH AS COVENTRY,

HOPIİING TO WEAKEN THE MORALE OF THE POPULATION.

BY THE END OF 1940,

SOME 23,00909 PEOPLE WILL HAVE DIED

FROM THE AİR STRİKES IN BRİTAİN.

BERLİN'S CİTİZENS, ON THE OTHER HAND,

STARE İN ASTONİSHMENT WHEN A BOMB HITS THEİR CİTY.

THE FİRST R.A.F. AIR RAIDS ON GERMAN CİTİES

OCCUR İN THE SÜUMMER OF 1940.

A FEW TIMES, THE BOMBERS EVEN REACH THE REİCH'S CAPITAL.

CHURCHILL WANTS TO SHOW THE NAZIS

THAT THEİR CENTER OF POWER 1S WİTHİN REACH AND VÜULNERABLE.

THOUGH HİTLER 18 OUTRAGED, GOEBBELS 15 HAPPY

ABOUT THIS NEW DEVELOPMENT.

"NOW BERLİN 15 ALSO RİGHT IN THE MİDDLE OF THE WAR,"

HE WRITES, "AND THIS IS A GOOD THİNG."

SOVİET FOREİGN MİNİSTER VYACHESLAV MOLOTOV

WIİTNESSES AN AİR RAİD WHEN HE VISİTS BERLİN İN NOVEMBER.

AFTER THE SIGNING OF THE NONAGGRESSİON PACT,

STALIN LED A CAMPAIGN AGAİNST FINLAND

THAT INVOLVED HEAVY LOSSES,

AND THANKS TO THE PACT'S SECRET PROTOCOL,

ANNEXED EASTERN POLAND AND THE BALTIC STATES.

THE ALLIANCE STIİLL HOLDS,

YET BEFORE THE YEAR 15 OUT, HIİTLER DECREES

THAT THE PLANNING FOR THE WAR AGAİNST THE SOVİET UNİON

BE CONCLUDED BY MAY 1941.

OÖNE PART OF OCCUÜPİED POLAND

HAS MEANWHILE BEEN INCORPORATED INTO THE REİCH.

THE REMAİNDER 15 NAMED GENERAL GÖVERNMENT

AND PLACED UNDER GERMAN ADMINISTRATION.

THESE TERRİTORİES ARE HOME TO SOME 1.4 MILLION JEWS.

TO THIS DAY, NO ONE KNOWS EXACTLY WHAT HAPPENED TO THEM.

AFTER THE VICTORY OVER FRANCE,

OÖNE OPTİON THAT 15 DEBATED FOR SOME TİME

15 TO BANISH ALL JEWS FROM THE GERMAN SPHERE OF CONTROL

TO THE ISLAND OF MADAGASCAR.

AT THE SAME TİME, HOWEVER,

THE PLANS FOR MASS DEPORTATIONS TO THE FARTHEST EAST

OF THE GENERAL GÖVERNMENT, WHERE CONCENTRATION CAMPS

ARE TO BE BULLT, ARE ALREADY AVAILABLE.

FOR NOW, MANY JEWS ARE RECRUİTED AS SLAVE LABORERS.

AFTER THE RECENT VIİCTORİES, MANY GERMANS NAİVELY BELİEVE

THAT PEACE WILL NOW RETURN.

THE FEW REMAIİNING REGİME CRIİTİCS KNOW BETTER.

(ALY SPEAKING GERMAN)l

Translator: COUNT FRIEDRİCH GERBER WRİITES,

"THE DEBT OF THE GERMAN REİCH 1S SO HİIGH

"THAT IT CANNOT BE PAIİD BACK

"EVEN İF SUBJUGATED POLAND AND FRANCE

ARE PILLAĞGED COMPLETELY."

"SHOULD THE WAR END NOW WITH A COMPROMİSED PEACE,

"THE GERMAN PEOPLE WIİLL HAVE TO FACE A BUDGET CONSOLIİDATION

WITH UNAVOİDABLE NECESSİTY."

HE ASSUMES THAT THE NAZI REGİME

WILL FOLLOW THE EASY PATH,

CONTIİNUE THE WAR, AND ATTACK MORE AND MORE COUNTRİES.

Narrator: HOBBY FILMMAKER GOERTZ HERTREGOR 158 TRAİNED

AS A RADIO OPERATOR IN THE SCHLİEFFEN BARRACKS

NEAR BERLİN.

IT 1S THE WİNTER OF 1940-1941,

AND MORE AND MORE YOUNG MEN ARE DRİLLED

FOR HIİTLER'S NEW WAR PLANS.

GERMAN SOLDİERS MARCH ON THE CHAMPS-D'ELYSEES IN PARIS.

THE MILITARY PRESENCE CAN BE FELT İN THE FRENCH CAPITAL.

OVER 20,000 WEHRMACHT TROOPS ARE STATİONED İN THE CİTY,

AND THE VİCTORS ARE EAGER TO SHOW TO THE DEFEATED

WHO'S THE BOSS.

THE ÖORDERS OF THE GERMAN SUBJUGATORS

ARE ENFORCED RELENTLESSLY.

THE OCCUPATION REGİME SÜBJECTS THE COUNTRY'S ENTİRE ECONOMY

TO THE GERMAN BUDGETARY PLANNING.

JEWİSH BUSİNESSES ARE METHODİCALLY ARYANIZED.

THOSE WHO POSSESS THE MONEY AND CONTACTS

FLEE THE COUNTRY.

(ALY SPEAKING GERMAN)l

Translator: THEY İNTRODUCED A SYSTEM

ACCORDİNG TO WHIİCH GERMAN SOLDİERS

COULD TAKE MONEY WITH THEM OR HAVE MONEY SENT TO THEM

WHEN THEY WERE STATIONED IN THE OCCUPİED COUNTRİES,

WHICH THEY COULD THEN EXCHANGE

TO THE RESPECTİVE LOCAL CURRENCY.

SO THE SOLDİERS TOOK THEİR MONEY

TO THE STAFF PAYMASTER'S OFFİCE IN, SAY, FRANCE,

AND THİS MONEY WENT IİNTO THE COFFERS OF THE REİCH

AS TAX REVENUE, AND WHAT THEY GOT İN EXCHANGE

WAS FRENCH FRANCS, NORWEGİAN KRONE,

OR POLİSH ZLOTY

THAT CAME OUT OF THE OCCUPATION COSTS

OF THE RESPECTİVE COUNTRY, WHICH OF COURSE,

WAS AT THE EXPENSE OF THE COUNTRY'S ECONOMY.

Narrator: THE SWEET LIFE OF THE OCCUPYİNG FORCES

IS ORGANIİZED AND ÖOVERSEEN BY WEHRMACHT DOCTORS.

THEY COMMANDEER BROTHELS ALL AROUND FRANCE.

THEİR PROSTİTÜTES ENTERTAİN THE GERMAN TROOPS.

COMMİSSİONED ÖOFFİCERS FAVOR

MORE SOPHIİSTİCATED SEXUAL SERVİCES.

THIS RARE FOOTAGE ORIİĞGİNATES

FROM ONE SÜCH UPMARKET ESTABLİSHMENT

AND 15 PROBABLY SHOT IN OCCUPİED PARİS.

ON THE FİRST OF MAY, 1941,

ADOLF HİTLER VIİSİTS VİENNA.

JUST AS DURİNG HIS 1938 VISİT,

AUSTRIANS LİNE THE STREETS TO CELEBRATE THEİR FUEHRER.

HIS CHARISMA 1S STİLL UNBROKEN.

İSHOUTİNG AND CHEERİNG)

THE DICTATOR BELİEVES HE IS READY FOR THE CAMPAIİGN

AGAİNST THE SOVİET UNİON,

BUT HIS PLANS CHANGE IN APRİIL, 1941.

HE MUST FİRST SEND HİS TROOPS TO A DİFFERENT FRONT.

THE MILITARY İNTERVENTİON OF HİS İTALİIAN ALLIES İN GREECE

IS ABOUT TO TURN INTO A DİSASTER.

SO THE WEHRMACHT INVADES YUGOSLAVIA FIRST

AND THEN MARCHES INTO GREECE.

GOTTFRIED KESSEL, AN OFFİCER

WITH THE İNFANTRY REGİMENT GROSS DEUTSCHLAND,

IS A KEEN HOBBY FILMMAKER.

HIS UNİT ASSIĞNS HİM THE TASK

OF KEEPİNG A WAR DİARY ON FİLM.

AFTER 11 DAYS OF FIİGHTİNG,

THE YUGOSLAV ARMY SÜRRENDERS UNCONDİTİONALLY.

SOME 350,000 SOLDİERS BECOME PRİSONERS OF WAR.

THE FOOTAGE IS FİLMED BY KESSEL IN OCCUPİED BELGRADE

SHORTLY AFTER THE CAPITULATION.

SERBIİAN SOLDİERS ARE İMPRİSONED IN THE CİTADEL

OF THE YUGOSLAV CAPITAL.

ON THE 22nd OF APRİL,

KESSEL RECORDS A BRUTAL RETALIATORY ACTION

OF THE WEHRMACHT.

AS A REPRİSAL FOR THE KİLLİNG OF TWO S.S. OFFİCERS

AND 9 CIVİLİANS BY PARTISANS,

12 FORMER SERBIİAN SOLDİERS ARE EXECUTED

BY THE CEMETERY WALL IN PANCEVO.

İCHEERING)

THE İNFLUENCE OF HİTLER'S DEPUTY RUDOLF HESS

HAS BEEN DWINDLING SİNCE THE START OF THE WAR.

AWARE OF THE İMMİNENT CAMPAIİGN AĞAIİNST STALIN,

HE ENTERTAİNS HOPES OF A PEACE AĞREEMENT

WITH GREAT BRİTAİN.

ON THE TENTH OF MAY,

HESS FLIES TO SCOTLAND ALONE İN AN AİRCRAFT

MANUFACTURED BY MESSERSCHMİTT, BELİEVİNG HE CAN İNSTİGATE

PEACE TALKS WITH THE BRIİTİSH GÖVERNMENT.

Kershaw: WHEN HESS FLEW TO SCOTLAND IN MAY, 1941,

IT WAS İN A VAİN ATTEMPT TO PERSUADE THE BRİTİSH NOW

TO ENTER IİNTO THE ALLIANCE WITH GERMANY,

WHICH HIİTLER HAD ALWAYS WANTED,

BUT WHICH HAD THEN, OF COURSE, BEEN LONG...

THE HOPES OF WHICH HAD LONG BEEN DESTROYED,

AND AT THE LAST MİNUÜTE, HESS, WORRIED ABOUT

THE PROSPECT OF A TWO-FRONT WAR,

NOW THOUGHT THAT HE PERSONALLY COULD IİNTERVENE,

ÜSE HİS CONTACTS WIİTHİN THE BRIİTİSH ESTABLİSHMENT,

MAYBE EVEN TO REACH THE KING HİMSELF,

TO PERSUADE THE BRİTİSH TO SEE SENSE

AND AT LEAST NOT STAND IN GERMANY'S WAY IN THİS.

OF COURSE, ALL THAT HAPPENED

WAS THAT HESS WAS ARRESTED, İMPRİSONED,

AND THE BRİTİSH, SURPRIİSİNGLY TO SOME EXTENT,

DID NOT MAKE AS MUCH OF A PROPAGANDA COUP

OUT OF THİS AS MIGHT HAVE BEEN THOUGHT.

Narrator: HESS' ATTEMPT

158 PRESENTED TO THE GERMAN PUBLİC

AS AN ACT OF TREASON.

HESS WAS DELUSİONAL PROCLAIİMS HIİTLER,

AND STRIİPS HİM OF ALL HIS PARTY OFFİCES.

"THE FUEHRER IS DEVASTATED," GOEBBELS WRITES IN HIS DİARY.

"WHAT AN IMAGE FOR THE WORLD TO SEE--

"A MENTALLY DIİSTÜURBED MAN

"WAS SECOND İN COMMAND BEHİND THE FUEHRER.

APPALLING AND UNTHİNKABLE."

DURING THE COURSE OF 1941,

THE BRİTİSH İNTENSİFY THEİR AİR RAIDS

ON CİTİES İN THE THİRD REİCH.

TIİME AFTER TİME, THE ROYAL AIİR FORCE BOMBERS

MANAGE TO BREAK THROUGH THE GERMAN ANTIAİRCRAFT POSİTİONS.

THIS FOOTAGE 1S FİLMED CLANDESTİNELY

AFTER A BRİTİSH BOMBIİNG RAID ON BERLİN.

IN ÖRDER TO PRESERVE THE POPULATION'S RESOLUTİON,

SUCH FİLMS ARE FORBİDDEN.

THE EARLY HOURS OF THE 22nd OF JÜNE, 1941,

MARKED THE LAUNCH OF OPERATION BARBAROSSA.

FROM EAST PRUSSIA, THE 20th PANZER GROUP

OF THE ARMY GROUP CENTER HERRESGRUPPE MİTTE

MARCHES INTO BELARUS.

GOETZ HERTREGER, THE RADIO OPERATOR ON DUTY,

FILMS THE FİRST DAYS OF THE CONFLICT.

THE RED ARMY 1S TAKEN BY SUÜRPRİSE,

AND WITHIN 4 WEEKS, HİTLER'S SOLDİERS ADVANCED

DEEP INTO UKRAİNE.

THE NAZI LEADERS THINK THEY WILL BE ABLE

TO CRUSH THE GİANT WITH FEET OF CLAY İN ÖONE BLOW.

(ALY SPEAKING GERMAN)l

Translator: THE WAR AGAIİNST THE U.S.S.R.

WAS OUİTE CLEARLY A WAR WITH PRIİMARILY ECONOMİC

AND POLİTİCAL OBJECTİVES.

FROM THE START, THE ENTİRE PLANNING

WAS BASED, ON THE ÖNE HAND,

ON THE ASSESSMENT OF THE REİCH MIİNİSTRY OF NÜTRİTİON

THAT TENS OF MIİLLİONS OF PEOPLE IN THE SOVİET UNİON

WOULD HAVE TO DIE IN ÖRDER THAT THE GERMANS

COULD AVAİL THEMSELVES OF THE AĞRICULTURAL PRODUCE,

ESPECİALLY İN THE UKRAİNE.

THE CORRESPONDİNG DİRECTİVE WAS DRAWN UP

SEVERAL WEEKS BEFORE THE WAR BEĞGAN.

THE OTHER MAİN OBJECTİVE WAS RAW MATERİALS,

TO TAKE POSSESSİON OF THE OIL FİELDS İN BAKU,

BUT ALSO OF THE COAL AND IİRON ÖRE DEPOSİTS,

AND UÜTİLİZE THEM FOR THE NAZI WAR MACHİNERY.

Narrator: HİTLER'S BATTLE-TRIED DIİVİSİONS

INFLICT HEAVY DEFEATS ON THE RED ARMY.

HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF SOVİET TROOPS ARE CAPTÜRED.

THE FUEHRER ORDERS THAT ALL POLİTİCAL COMMİSSİONERS

BE EXECUTED AT ONCE.

THE REST ARE COOPED UP IN PROVİSİONAL CAMPS.

THE SURVİIVORS ARE TAKEN TO GERMANY

AND BECOME SLAVE LABORERS.

Kershaw: WHEN THE INVASION TOOK PLACE THERE,

THIS İMMENSE İNVASİION ON THE 22nd OF JÜNE,

THE SOVİIET TROOPS WERE VERY HANDILY PLACED

FOR RAPID GERMAN TAKEOVER,

MASSIVE NUMBERS OF SOVİET TROOPS

TAKEN PRISONER IN THE FİRST DAYS,

VERY SWIFT PROGRESS MADE,

AND İT LOOKED AS IİF THE WAR WOULD BE OVER VERY RAPIDLY,

WHICH 15 WHAT THE GERMAN LEADERSHIP EXPECTED.

HİTLER HİMSELF SAD 4 OR 5 MONTHS.

SOME OF THE MIİLİTARY THOUGHT EVEN LESS THAN THAT.

BUT THEY WEREN'T ON THEİR OWN,

BECAÜUSE BRİTİSH İNTELLİĞENCE AND AMERİCAN İNTELLİĞENCE

RECKONED THAT THE GERMANS WOULD WIN THIS VİCTORY

WITHIİN WEEKS, NOT WITHİN MONTHS.

SO 1T WAS AN EXTRAORDINARY PERIOD,

WHERE THE CHIEF OF THE GENERAL STAFF, HALDER,

THOUGHT AFTER A COUPLE OF WEEKS

THAT THE WAR WAS BASICALLY ALREADY WON.

HE HAD RAPIDLY TO CHANGE HIİS MIND ON THAT ÖONE.

Narrator: İN LATE AUGUST, THE DICTATOR ARRİVED İN UKRAİNE

TO VISİT THE TROOPS.

"THE VAST TERRİTORİES OF RUSSİA," HİTLER DECLARES,

"WIİLL SOON BECOME LİEBE FRAU FOR GERMAN SETTLERS."

THE SOLDİERS GREET THEİR SÜPREME COMMANDER

WITH FRENETİC CHEERİNG.

MOST OF THEM ARE UNAWARE

THAT A GENOCİDE İS ALREADY UÜNDERWAY BEHİND THE FRONT.

Kershaw: ALMOST CERTAIİNLY, THERE WAS NO WRIİTTEN ORDER EVER GİVEN.

WE HAVE TO SEE A NUMBER OF AUTHORİZATİIONS FROM HİTLER

COMIİNG FROM THE SUMMER OR EVEN THE SPRİNG OF 1941

BEFORE THE LAUNCH OF BARBAROSSA

FOR THE DESTRUCTİON OF THE JEWS IN THE SOVİET UNİON,

THEN İN THE AUTUMN OF 1941, OÖORDERS FOR HİTLER

FOR THE...FOR THE DEPORTATION OF GERMAN JEWS İNTO AN AREA

WHERE ALREADY GENOCİDE, PARTIAL GENOCİDES ARE TAKING PLACE,

AND FURTHER AUTHORİZATIONS UNTIL WE COME TO THE STAGE

AFTER A PERIOD OF ABOUT 6 MONTHS OF THESE PARTIAL GENOÖOCİDES

GETTİNG LARGER AND LARGER AND EXTENDİNG MORE AND MORE

UNTIİL BY THE SPRİNG OF 1942, WE'RE İN THE POSİTİON

WHERE OUTRİGHT GENOCİDE INVOLVİNG THE WHOLE OF THE JEWS

IN GERMAN-OCCUPİED EVUROPE 158 NOW ENVİSAGED.

Narrator: ACCOMPANIED BY A CAMERA CREW,

CHIEF OF S.S. HEİNRİCH HİMMLER VISITS A CAMP

FOR SOVİET PRİSONERS OF WAR NEAR MINSK.

AS OF THE SECOND OF JÜLY, SO-CALLED S.S. TASK FORCES

ARE DEPLOYED BEHİND THE FRONT LİNES

WITH ORDERS TO LİOUİDATE SOVİET PARTY FUNCTİONARIES AND JEWS.

THE MURDERS ARE REFERRED TO AS RETALIATORY MEASURES.

IN LATE JULY, 1941,

ON THE OUTSKIİRTS OF THE CİTY OF LİBAÜU,

MODERN LIEPAJA İN LATVIA, MARIİNE REİNHART WEİNER

FILMS THE EXECUTİON OF JEWS BY ONE SUCH TASK FORCE.

MORE THAN HALF A MİLLİON JEWS IN TOTAL FALL VİCTİM

TO GERMAN HİT SOUADS

DURIİNG THE FİRST 5 MONTHS OF BARBAROSSA.

GHETTOS FOR THE JEWİSH POPULATION ARE ESTABLİSHED

ALL ÖOVER OCCUPİED POLAND.

IN THE CİTY OF KRAKOW, TOO,

THE REMAİNING JEWS ARE SEGREGATED IİNTO THE GHETTO,

TAKING ONLY A FEW OF THEİR BELONGİNGS WİTH THEM.

LİKE A HUGE DRAGNET, THE NAZIS HERD TOGETHER THEİR VİCTİMS

FROM ALL AROUND EUÜUROPE.

BEFORE LONG, CONDİTİONS FOR THE DEPORTED

WILL DETERİORATE RAPIDLY.

(ALY SPEAKING GERMAN)l

Translator: DURING THE FİRST TWO WAR YEARS,

THE GERMAN REİCH SUPPLİED OCCUPİED POLAND WIİTH FOOD.

THEN AT THE END OF 1941,

THE MIİNİSTER FOR NUTRITİON SAYS,

"THEY MUST SEND FOOD TO US NOW,"

AND TRAVELS TO KRAKOW TO BRİNG THE NEWS HOME

TO THE GERMAN OCCUPATION ADMINISTRATION.

AND THEY SAY, "'WE CAN'T DO THAT.

'WE WIİLL HAVE HUNGER REVOLTS,

"AND WE DON'T HAVE ENOUGH POLİCE FORCES.

HOW CAN WE ENFORCE THAT?" DO YOU KNOW WHAT HE TOLD THEM?

"SOON," HE SAİD, "THİS LAND WILL BE CLEANSED OF JEWS,"

OBVİOUSLY MEANING THAT THEY WOULD ALL BE EXTERMİNATED.

"SO THERE WIİLL BE TWO MILLION FEWER MOUTHS TO FEED

IN THİS COUNTRY."

Narrator: HANS FRANK, AN OLD COMPANION OF HİTLER,

158 THE GÖVERNOR-GENERAL OF POLAND FROM OCTOBER, 1939.

THE ELOOUENT LAWYER 1S ONE OF THE ARCHİTECTS

OF THE GENOCİDE FROM THE VERY START.

THE TWO MILLİION JEWS LİVİNG IN HİS SPHERE OF İNFLUENCE

ARE RUTHLESSLY AND BRUTALLY OPPRESSED.

RAİN AND MUD SLOW DOWN THE ADVANCE

OF THE GERMAN TROOPS DEEPER INTO THE U.S.S.R.

ACCORDIİNG TO THE ORİĞİNAL PLAN,

MOSCOW SHOULD HAVE ALREADY BEEN TAKEN.

ALSO, THEİR SUPPLİES ARE RUNNİNG LOW,

AND THE EOLVİPMENT 1S DEFİCİENT.

(ALY SPEAKING GERMAN)l

Translator: 1T'S A KNOWN FACT THAT THE GERMAN ARMY

MARCHED IİNTO THE SOVİET UNİON WITHOUT WIİNTER EOLUİPMENT.

THE REASON WAS THAT THEİR ADVANCE

WOULD HAVE BEEN A LOT SLOWER

IF THEY'D HAD TO DRAG THE EOUİPMENT ALONG.

SO THEY SET OFF WITH LİGHTWEİGHT TACKLE.

HERE, TOO, ONE CAN RECOGNIİZE THE 3-MONTH CALCULATION

IN HİTLER'S POLİTİCAL THİNKİNG.

'WE EİTHER MAKE IT, OR WE DON'T.

"AND IİF WE DON'T, THEN WE WILL GÖO DOWN.

"BUT İN ÖRDER TO MAKE İT,

WE MUST PUT ALL OUR EGGS IN ÖNE BASKET."

ULTIMATELY, THIS 15 WHAT BROUGHT ABOUT THE DİSASTER

OUTSİDE MOSCOW AND LENİNGRAD IN THE WİNTER OF 1941 TO '42.

Narrator: HİTLER ORDERS AN ATTACK ON MOSCOW,

BUT THE EMACIATED TROOPS ON THE FRONT

HAVE TO HALT THEİR ADVANCE IN THE SNOW DRİFTS.

OF COURSE, THE GERMAN PROPAGANDA PRESENTS A DİFFERENT PİCTÜRE.

THESE IİMAGES ARE FROM EARLY NOVEMBER, 1941,

IN THE SPECİAL SHOP FOR JEWS IN STUTTGART'S ZİELSTRASSE.

AT THIS TİME, 163,000 JEWS STİLL LİVE İN THE THİRD REİCH.

THEY ARE REOUİRED TO WEAR THE STAR OF DAVID ON THEİR CLOTHİNG.

THIS PROPAGANDA FILM TITLED "THE JEWİSH STORE"

158 SUPPOSED TO DEMONSTRATE THAT JEWS IN GERMANY

HAVE ACCESS TO FOOD JUST LİKE THE ARYAN POPULATION.

ON DECEMBER THE SEVENTH,

THE COORDINATES OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR

CHANGE ABRUPTLY WHEN JAPANESE BOMBERS AND FİGHTERS

ATTACK THE U.S. NAVAL BASE AT PEARL HARBOR ON HAWAJLİ.

FOR U.S. PRESİDENT ROOSEVELT,

THE ATTACK COMES AT THE RİGHT TİME.

PEARL HARBOR PLUNGES THE COUNTRY

INTO A PATRİOTİC FRENZY.

AMERIİCA DECLARES WAR ON JAPAN,

AND HİTLER REACTS PROMPTLY.

Kershaw: FROM HİTLER'S OWN PERSPECTİVE,

THIS ATTACK BY JAPAN GAVE HİM NOW A CHANCE,

HE THOUGHT, TO WIİN THE WAR,

AND THE CHANCE WAS THAT THE JAPANESE

WOULD NOW TIE DOWN THE AMERİCANS IN THE PACİFİC.

THIS WOULD THEN FREE UP THE U-BOATS

TO ATTACK IN THE ATLANTIC, AND THE ATLANTIC WAR,

HE THOUGHT, WOULD BE DECİSİVE.

THE BATTLE OF THE ATLANTIC WILL BE DECİSİVE

BECAUSE IF THE GERMAN U-BOATS COULD PREVENT AMERİCAN SHİPPİNG

GETTİNG TO BRİTAİN, BRİTAİN WOULD BE ONCE MORE FORCED

TO COME TO THE CONFERENCE TABLE, AND GERMANY WOULD EFFECTİVELY

HAVE OWN THE WAR IN EUROPE.

SO THE ATTACK ON PEARL HARBOR MOMENTARILY SEEMED

TO GİVE HİTLER THE CHANCE THAT HE HAD BEEN WANTING.

Narrator: IN A SHOW OF SELF-CONFİDENCE,

NAZI GERMANY SENDS 1TS U-BOATS TO THE U.S. COAST

IN ÖRDER TO DİSRÜPT THE SUPPLY LİNES

BETWEEN AMERİCA AND BRİTAİN.

THE PROPAGANDA PROUDLY SHOWS IMAGES OF NEW YORK,

FİLMED BY A NEWSREEL CAMERAMAN.

TO BEĞİN WIİTH, OPERATION DRUMBEAT 15 SUÜCCESSFUL.

THE U-BOAT CAPTAİNS WILLİNGLY SUPPLY THE PROPAGANDA MACHİNERY

WITH A DİSTORTED PİCTÜRE OF A CHİVALROUS WAR.

PROPAGANDA MINİSTER JOSEPH GÖEBBELS

SEES TO 1T THAT SÜCH REPORTS ARE EAGERLY ABSORBED

BY THE GERMANS.

AS HİTLER NOW APPEARS VERY RARELY IN PUBLİC,

GOEBBELS TAKES ON THE ROLE

OF THE DICTATOR ON THE HOME FRONT.

THIS FOOTAGE 1S FİLMED DURIİNG A SPEECH İN MÜNİCH

BUT WAS NEVER SHOWN IN GERMAN CİNEMAS.

THE TİME 1S NOT YET RİGHT FOR GOEBBELS' TOTAL WAR.

OÖOVER 3 MİLLİON SOVİET SOLDİERS HAVE BEEN CAPTURED

DURIİNG OPERATİON BARBAROSSA.

THE PROPAGANDA PORTRAYS THEM AS İNFERİOR PEOPLE,

ÜNTERMENSCHEN, WHO DESERVE NO PITY

OR HELP FROM THE GERMAN POPULATION.

THE PRİISONERS ARE SEVERELY NEGLECTED.

HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF THEM DİE İN THE CAMPS İN 1942.

IN LATE APRIL, 1942, BENİTO MUSSOLIİNİ VİSİTS HİTLER

ON THE OBERSALZBERG.

THE TWO DICTATORS DEMONSTRATE UNİTY AND STRENGTH.

HOWEVER, THE SITUATION IS PRECARIOUS.

THE JOİNT CAMPAİGN AĞAİNST THE U.S.S.R. IS DEADLOCKED,

WHIİLE İN NORTH AFRICA,

THEİR TROOPS HAVE COME ÜNDER PRESSURE.

THE AFRICA CORPS CAN HOLD ITS GROUND FOR A WHİLE

AND EVEN MANAGES TO WEAKEN THE BRITİSH EXPEDİTİONARY FORCES.

THESE İMAGES ARE FİLMED DURING THAT TİME

BY AN UNKNOWN AMATEUR FILMMAKER.

A PRİVATE 1S AWARDED THE KNIGHT'S CROSS.

THIS DISTİNCTİON FOR BRAVERY

1S ONE OF THE HİGHEST MILITARY DECORATIONS

BUT 15 AWARDED MORE FREOUENTLY AS THE WAR PROGRESSES.

THE SOLDİERS ARE STİLL BLİTHE AND CONFİDENT OF THEİR VİCTORY.

JEWS FROM STUTTGART ARE CONGREGATED

IN AN ASSEMBLY CAMP, READY TO START THEİR JOURNEY

TO THE EAST, AS REOUESTED BY THE GERMAN AUTHORİTİES.

MOST OF THEM BELİEVE THEY WIİLL BE IİNTERNED İN LABOR CAMPS.

MIİNİSTRY AND SECÜURİTY FORCES OFFIİCİALS, HOWEVER,

ARE LONG PRIVY TO THE FACT THAT THE "FINAL SOLUTİON"

IS ALREADY ÜNDERWAY.

11 MİLLİON EVUROPEAN JEWS ARE TO BE DEPORTED

TO EXTERMİNATİON CAMPS.

Kershaw: BY THE SPRING OF 1942 THEN,

THE PROCESS OF PARTIAL GENOCİDES HAD NOW CONGEALED

INTO OÖNE ALL-OUT ATTEMPT

TO DESTROY THE JEWS PHYSICALLY THROUGHOUT EUROPE.

AND THIS PROCESS WAS NOW UNSTOPPABLE.

THE MACHİNERY HAD BEEN SET UP.

THE BUREAUCRATIC APPARATUS WAS İN PLACE.

AND THE JEWS WERE BEİNG CAUGHT AND DEPORTED

IN WHİCHEVER COUNTRY THEY WERE TO BE FOUND.

SO THE PROCESS WAS NOW UNSTOPPABLE.

THERE WAS A MOMENTUM, A DYNAMIC THAT HAD BEEN SET INTO PLACE

WHICH WAS NOW REALLY INDEPENDENT OF ANY PARTICULAR IİNDİVİDUAL.

IT WOULD CONTİNUE UNTİL THE JEWS WERE DESTROYED.

Narrator: THE WARSAW GHETTO

HOUSES SOME 400,000 PEOPLE.

THEY LİVED LİKE TİNNED SARDIİNES IN APPALLING CONDİTİONS.

A CLASSIİFİED REPORT İSSUED

BY THE GERMAN PROPAGANDA DEPARTMENT

ON THE 21st OF MARCH, 1942, READS, "THE NUMBER OF DEATHS

IN THE GHETTO STİLL FLUCTUATES AROUND 5,000 PER MONTH."

A DOCTOR İN THE GHETTO REPORTS,

"PEOPLE FALL ASLEEP IN A BED OR ON THE STREET

AND ARE DEAD BY THE FOLLOWIİNG MORNIİNG."

AND THE GERMAN GÖVERNOR OF WARSAW PREDIİCTS,

"ALL THAT WIİLL REMAİN OF THE JEWİSH ÖVESTİON

WILL BE A CEMETERY."