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Narrator: This is the story
of the british royal family,
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00:00:04,213 --> 00:00:06,755
Told in color
for the first time.
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00:00:08,551 --> 00:00:10,300
At the end of the 19th century,
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00:00:10,377 --> 00:00:14,596
Reclusive queen victoria
is seen as distant and remote.
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00:00:16,633 --> 00:00:19,059
Her larger-than-life son,
edward vii,
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00:00:19,136 --> 00:00:23,063
Knows that even kings need to
have their public on their side.
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00:00:24,475 --> 00:00:26,233
And when the country
goes to war,
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00:00:26,310 --> 00:00:28,569
The royals must
prove their worth
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00:00:28,645 --> 00:00:31,363
Or risk the end of the monarchy.
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00:00:32,983 --> 00:00:36,151
Cameras create the first
modern celebrity royal,
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00:00:36,162 --> 00:00:38,328
Edward viii.
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00:00:38,405 --> 00:00:40,581
But he nearly destroys
the royal family
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00:00:40,657 --> 00:00:45,169
When he falls in love with
his married american mistress.
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00:00:45,245 --> 00:00:48,088
And still, edward
is a tough act to follow
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00:00:48,165 --> 00:00:52,092
For stammering, shy george vi.
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00:00:52,303 --> 00:00:54,928
A young, unprepared
queen elizabeth
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00:00:55,005 --> 00:00:56,764
Must continue the dynasty.
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00:00:58,258 --> 00:01:00,092
This is the story
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00:01:00,102 --> 00:01:03,261
Of how the royal family
survives the early 20th century
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As you've never seen it before.
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[cheering]
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♪
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Queen elizabeth: ...Shall be
devoted to your service...
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♪
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♪
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Narrator: June 2, 1953.
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27-year-old queen elizabeth
prepares to be crowned.
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As the gold state coach
leaves for westminster abbey,
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It marks a new,
optimistic age for britain.
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[cheering]
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♪
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Three million spectators
line the route.
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Many hold
specially-made periscopes
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00:02:05,084 --> 00:02:09,378
To try and catch a glimpse
of their young, glamorous queen.
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00:02:10,923 --> 00:02:12,589
Arriving at the abbey,
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00:02:12,666 --> 00:02:16,168
Aristocratic maids of honor,
specially chosen for the event,
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Assist the queen.
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This is the first time
in royal history
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That a coronation is
televised live to the nation.
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The archbishop of canterbury
places the crown on her head,
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Prompting a great shout
from the congregation.
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Congregation:
God save the queen!
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God save the queen!
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God save the queen!
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Narrator:
This coronation becomes
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One of the most popular moments
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In the history
of the royal family.
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00:02:51,964 --> 00:02:54,789
The events leading up to
this spectacular ceremony
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Are testament to
the house of windsor's
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Incredible instincts
for survival.
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00:03:00,806 --> 00:03:03,056
[cheering]
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00:03:03,133 --> 00:03:05,550
The queen will now need
to drive the monarchy
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00:03:05,561 --> 00:03:07,686
Into the modern age.
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00:03:14,320 --> 00:03:16,236
At the end of the 19th century,
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Queen victoria reigns over
the whole of the british empire.
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This rare footage from 1896
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00:03:24,079 --> 00:03:27,748
Shows the 77-year-old queen
holding her dog turi
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00:03:27,824 --> 00:03:31,418
At balmoral,
her scottish castle.
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00:03:34,331 --> 00:03:36,498
Since the death
of her beloved husband albert
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00:03:36,508 --> 00:03:38,083
35 years ago,
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00:03:38,093 --> 00:03:40,344
She has lived
in permanent mourning
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00:03:40,420 --> 00:03:42,971
And wears only black.
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00:03:45,175 --> 00:03:49,269
This is the first film
ever taken of the queen.
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00:03:49,438 --> 00:03:54,349
Victoria will later watch it
for her private amusement.
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00:03:54,360 --> 00:03:56,443
Walking alongside her carriage,
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00:03:56,520 --> 00:03:59,437
Her favorite granddaughter,
princess alexandra,
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00:03:59,448 --> 00:04:03,191
And her husband,
tsar nicholas ii of russia.
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00:04:03,202 --> 00:04:05,953
[dog barking]
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00:04:06,029 --> 00:04:08,789
At this time,
the queen has seven children
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00:04:08,865 --> 00:04:12,125
And 33 grandchildren
still alive.
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00:04:12,202 --> 00:04:14,962
Many have married
into europe's royal houses.
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00:04:18,384 --> 00:04:23,295
But she is reclusive
and rarely seen by her subjects.
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00:04:23,305 --> 00:04:24,805
In the coming century,
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00:04:24,881 --> 00:04:29,309
The people will expect more
from their monarch.
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00:04:29,386 --> 00:04:30,552
[cannon fires]
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00:04:30,562 --> 00:04:32,887
January 1901.
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00:04:32,898 --> 00:04:38,318
The 81-year-old queen
dies on the isle of wight.
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00:04:38,529 --> 00:04:41,905
Her yacht alberta
passes a saluting warship
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As it transports her body
to the mainland.
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She is taken to windsor castle.
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00:04:50,824 --> 00:04:53,667
Surprisingly,
after 40 years in black,
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She requests that her coffin
is draped in bridal white
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00:04:57,548 --> 00:05:01,550
As she prepares to join her
beloved prince albert in death.
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00:05:03,554 --> 00:05:06,763
Also at her request, and for
the first time in royal history,
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00:05:06,840 --> 00:05:09,975
Her coffin is transported
on a gun carriage.
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00:05:11,937 --> 00:05:15,272
En route, one of the horse's
harnesses breaks.
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00:05:15,349 --> 00:05:17,524
[horse neighing]
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00:05:17,601 --> 00:05:19,943
So for the last part
of the funeral procession,
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Sailors take up the reins
of the carriage on foot.
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00:05:24,358 --> 00:05:29,619
This becomes a royal tradition
which continues to this day.
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00:05:29,696 --> 00:05:32,947
Crowds line the streets
to pay their respects
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00:05:32,958 --> 00:05:36,209
To britain's longest serving
monarch of 63 years.
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[horse neighs]
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40 members of royalty
walk behind her coffin.
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Many are the heads
of european countries,
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00:05:44,970 --> 00:05:48,972
And most are related
to victoria.
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00:05:49,049 --> 00:05:51,633
Directly behind her body,
in the brown cape,
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00:05:51,643 --> 00:05:55,136
Is her son and heir, edward vii.
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00:05:55,147 --> 00:06:01,059
On his right is her grandson,
kaiser wilhelm of germany.
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00:06:01,070 --> 00:06:05,447
But the linchpin of this
enormous royal family has gone.
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00:06:08,652 --> 00:06:11,411
[cheering]
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00:06:11,488 --> 00:06:12,987
18 months later,
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The gold state coach takes
edward to his coronation.
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♪
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Victoria always worried
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00:06:21,331 --> 00:06:23,924
That edward would not
rise to the job.
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Edward is known to be
larger than life,
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With a love of horses,
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00:06:31,642 --> 00:06:33,433
Pheasant shooting...
[bang]
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And women,
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Even though he is married
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To the danish princess,
queen alexandra.
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Edward invents
the modern royal appearance.
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On this tour to the industrial
northern city of sheffield,
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He comes to open the university.
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Unlike his mother,
queen victoria,
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He understands
that his public need
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The theatre and spectacle
of royalty.
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00:07:07,136 --> 00:07:10,470
But he wields
little actual power.
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00:07:10,547 --> 00:07:14,474
The country is run by
the government and parliament.
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00:07:14,551 --> 00:07:20,897
He is a constitutional monarch
who reigns but does not rule.
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00:07:20,974 --> 00:07:25,894
Many of his european family
have more political clout.
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00:07:25,904 --> 00:07:29,239
His nephew nicholas,
tsar of all the russias,
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00:07:29,316 --> 00:07:32,484
Is from a long line
of autocrats.
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00:07:32,494 --> 00:07:35,069
His other nephew,
kaiser wilhelm of germany,
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00:07:35,080 --> 00:07:38,623
Has complete control
over the german military.
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00:07:42,504 --> 00:07:45,922
Still, when the king
goes to paris in 1903,
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00:07:45,999 --> 00:07:49,968
He has an important role to play
as the public face of britain.
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00:07:53,256 --> 00:07:55,682
The british prime minister
arthur balfour
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00:07:55,759 --> 00:07:59,519
Wants to improve
tense relations with France.
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00:07:59,730 --> 00:08:03,523
But when edward is invited there
on an official state visit,
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00:08:03,600 --> 00:08:05,525
He charms them.
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00:08:05,694 --> 00:08:09,771
Crowds gather and cheer him
as he rides through the capital.
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00:08:09,781 --> 00:08:14,034
This visit paves the way
for a series of treaties.
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00:08:14,110 --> 00:08:17,537
Britain becomes
an official ally of France.
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00:08:17,748 --> 00:08:19,956
The king now has a new name:
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Edward the peacemaker.
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00:08:24,538 --> 00:08:26,213
[bottle shatters]
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00:08:26,289 --> 00:08:29,716
The peacemaker is also the head
of the world's largest navy.
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00:08:30,877 --> 00:08:36,556
In 1906, he launches
hms dreadnought in portsmouth.
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00:08:36,767 --> 00:08:40,810
It's the fastest
battleship to date.
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00:08:40,887 --> 00:08:44,898
This launch spurs edward's
envious nephew wilhelm
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To create a navy
that rivals britain's.
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00:08:49,738 --> 00:08:54,824
Tensions mount as britain and
germany engage in an arms race.
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00:08:58,247 --> 00:08:59,821
[cannon fires]
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00:08:59,831 --> 00:09:03,658
In 1909, king edward assembles
the splendor of the navy
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00:09:03,669 --> 00:09:05,585
Just off the isle of wight
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00:09:05,712 --> 00:09:07,587
To welcome rare guests,
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00:09:07,664 --> 00:09:10,840
The russian royal family.
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00:09:10,917 --> 00:09:15,595
It's regatta week,
the height of the social season.
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00:09:15,672 --> 00:09:17,088
In this rare footage,
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00:09:17,099 --> 00:09:19,841
The tsar and tsarina
and their four daughters
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00:09:19,851 --> 00:09:24,104
Line up to greet auntie alex
and uncle edward.
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00:09:24,180 --> 00:09:25,939
These are some of the few images
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00:09:26,016 --> 00:09:28,349
Of the british
and russian royal families
156
00:09:28,360 --> 00:09:29,818
Together in britain.
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00:09:32,739 --> 00:09:34,948
But this is also a state visit.
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00:09:35,025 --> 00:09:37,951
Russia is now britain's
official ally.
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00:09:38,028 --> 00:09:42,530
Tsar nicholas and alexandra lead
their children onto british soil
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For the first time.
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00:09:44,793 --> 00:09:47,035
It will also be their last.
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Edward vii's nephew
kaiser wilhelm
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Has always had
a difficult relationship
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With his british
royal relatives.
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00:09:59,766 --> 00:10:02,225
His mother
was princess victoria,
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00:10:02,302 --> 00:10:06,396
Queen victoria's eldest child.
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00:10:06,473 --> 00:10:08,398
He has a love-hate relationship
with britain
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00:10:08,475 --> 00:10:11,318
Which stems back
to his childhood.
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00:10:11,394 --> 00:10:15,071
His left arm hangs
6 inches shorter than his right,
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00:10:15,148 --> 00:10:18,232
The result of a breach birth.
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00:10:18,243 --> 00:10:20,985
Wilhelm blames his mother's
english doctor
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00:10:20,996 --> 00:10:24,155
For his disability.
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00:10:24,166 --> 00:10:27,500
To disguise it, he often
holds a sword in public
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00:10:27,577 --> 00:10:30,670
To make his arm seem longer.
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00:10:30,797 --> 00:10:35,675
His british family find him
pompous and arrogant,
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00:10:35,886 --> 00:10:37,752
But uncle edward
manages to keep the peace
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00:10:37,763 --> 00:10:39,804
Between the two families.
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00:10:44,427 --> 00:10:47,687
[bell tolling]
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00:10:47,773 --> 00:10:49,022
1910.
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00:10:49,099 --> 00:10:52,108
King edward vii,
"the uncle of europe,"
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00:10:52,185 --> 00:10:57,364
Dies of a heart attack after
nine short years on the throne.
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00:10:57,440 --> 00:11:00,617
His funeral is the largest
gathering of european royalty
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Ever seen--
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00:11:02,204 --> 00:11:04,788
Bigger even than his mother's.
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00:11:06,708 --> 00:11:10,710
The roll call includes the kings
of norway, greece, Spain,
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00:11:10,879 --> 00:11:14,205
Denmark, portugal, and bulgaria.
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00:11:17,043 --> 00:11:18,885
Former president
theodore roosevelt
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00:11:18,962 --> 00:11:21,221
Also walks in the procession.
189
00:11:23,475 --> 00:11:26,718
The chief mourners directly
behind edward's coffin
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00:11:26,728 --> 00:11:29,562
Are the new king george v
191
00:11:29,639 --> 00:11:30,814
And kaiser wilhelm.
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00:11:30,890 --> 00:11:33,233
[horse neighs]
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00:11:33,309 --> 00:11:35,652
No one here knows that
this is one of the last times
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00:11:35,729 --> 00:11:38,363
These royal families
will all be together.
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00:11:41,735 --> 00:11:43,410
In just four years,
196
00:11:43,486 --> 00:11:46,788
Their monarchies
will be thrown into war.
197
00:11:53,338 --> 00:11:55,663
[cheering]
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00:11:55,674 --> 00:12:00,260
In June 1911, king george v
and his wife, queen mary,
199
00:12:00,336 --> 00:12:02,170
Welcome the crowds
at buckingham palace
200
00:12:02,180 --> 00:12:05,682
After their coronation.
201
00:12:05,759 --> 00:12:09,510
George is known as cautious
and conservative.
202
00:12:09,521 --> 00:12:12,346
And mary does not believe
that it is appropriate
203
00:12:12,357 --> 00:12:14,941
For royalty to smile in public.
204
00:12:16,778 --> 00:12:18,194
George has served in the navy,
205
00:12:18,271 --> 00:12:22,365
And runs family life
in the same way he'd run a ship.
206
00:12:22,442 --> 00:12:26,202
Here his children
play at being sailors.
207
00:12:26,279 --> 00:12:29,947
Practicing his rifle drill
is his eldest son and heir,
208
00:12:29,958 --> 00:12:31,624
Edward,
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00:12:31,701 --> 00:12:35,036
Known in the family as david,
one of his middle names.
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00:12:35,046 --> 00:12:37,371
Alongside him
is his brother bertie
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00:12:37,382 --> 00:12:40,550
And sister mary
brandishing a sword.
212
00:12:42,629 --> 00:12:48,141
In george's reign,
the social order is changing.
213
00:12:48,218 --> 00:12:50,560
Working people
are becoming more vocal,
214
00:12:50,637 --> 00:12:54,222
Demanding their rights.
215
00:12:54,232 --> 00:12:56,816
A flash point is
the suffragettes' campaign,
216
00:12:57,027 --> 00:12:58,526
"votes for women."
217
00:13:00,396 --> 00:13:02,822
One of their most daring
publicity stunts
218
00:13:02,899 --> 00:13:08,402
Will involve the king
at the 1913 epsom derby.
219
00:13:08,413 --> 00:13:12,323
Famously, this moment
is captured on film.
220
00:13:12,334 --> 00:13:15,168
As the race reaches
tattenham corner,
221
00:13:15,245 --> 00:13:17,995
Emily davison steps
in front of anmer,
222
00:13:18,006 --> 00:13:20,840
The horse owned by the king.
223
00:13:20,917 --> 00:13:22,759
[horse neighs]
224
00:13:22,836 --> 00:13:26,671
The horse survives,
but emily is killed.
225
00:13:26,681 --> 00:13:30,258
No one knows exactly
what emily's motives are.
226
00:13:30,268 --> 00:13:32,101
Some speculate
that she merely wanted to tie
227
00:13:32,178 --> 00:13:35,438
The suffragette colors
to the horse.
228
00:13:35,515 --> 00:13:38,274
Others see it
as an act of martyrdom.
229
00:13:42,188 --> 00:13:45,365
The suffragettes
are front-page news.
230
00:13:48,945 --> 00:13:53,197
A year later, 200 of them
March on buckingham palace
231
00:13:53,208 --> 00:13:55,458
To present a petition
to the king.
232
00:13:57,879 --> 00:14:01,297
67 are arrested.
233
00:14:01,374 --> 00:14:04,458
George never publicly responds.
234
00:14:04,469 --> 00:14:08,137
As king, he is expected to be
impartial in politics.
235
00:14:10,967 --> 00:14:14,227
But some matters
cannot be ignored.
236
00:14:14,304 --> 00:14:19,065
In germany, the war machine
is gathering pace.
237
00:14:19,142 --> 00:14:22,986
Even so, in 1913, george
attends the family wedding
238
00:14:23,062 --> 00:14:26,573
Of the kaiser's daughter
in berlin.
239
00:14:26,649 --> 00:14:29,409
George even wears
an honorary german uniform,
240
00:14:29,485 --> 00:14:33,663
Including a spiked helmet
called a pickelhaube.
241
00:14:36,501 --> 00:14:38,918
This family occasion
is the last time
242
00:14:39,129 --> 00:14:41,588
The cousins
will ever see each other.
243
00:14:47,086 --> 00:14:48,928
[cannon fires]
244
00:14:49,097 --> 00:14:50,930
Just a year later,
245
00:14:51,007 --> 00:14:53,725
Britain declares war on germany.
246
00:14:56,104 --> 00:14:58,354
Civilians are encouraged
to enlist
247
00:14:58,431 --> 00:15:00,523
And defend king and country.
248
00:15:03,278 --> 00:15:07,113
In newcastle, king george
inspects the shipyards
249
00:15:07,190 --> 00:15:09,532
That are building
britain's war fleet.
250
00:15:12,078 --> 00:15:13,953
These images become a vital part
251
00:15:14,030 --> 00:15:17,290
Of george and mary's
morale-boosting propaganda
252
00:15:17,367 --> 00:15:20,960
And appear in cinemas
across britain.
253
00:15:21,037 --> 00:15:25,965
George makes more public visits
than any previous monarch,
254
00:15:26,042 --> 00:15:28,376
Including trips
to front-line France,
255
00:15:28,386 --> 00:15:30,136
Where he rides a supply train
256
00:15:30,213 --> 00:15:33,056
To see the battlefields
of the somme.
257
00:15:35,885 --> 00:15:38,978
Over a million men
are killed or wounded here
258
00:15:39,055 --> 00:15:41,940
In this fight
with his cousin's army.
259
00:15:44,560 --> 00:15:46,986
George and mary
also visit field stations
260
00:15:47,113 --> 00:15:48,896
Behind the front line,
261
00:15:48,907 --> 00:15:53,067
Including this american one
in étaples.
262
00:15:53,078 --> 00:15:54,661
They see it as their duty
263
00:15:54,737 --> 00:15:57,330
To visit the troops
fighting in their name.
264
00:16:00,168 --> 00:16:03,327
The king understands
that the monarchy must be seen
265
00:16:03,338 --> 00:16:07,006
As serving the people.
266
00:16:07,217 --> 00:16:09,083
Their traditional right to rule
267
00:16:09,094 --> 00:16:11,928
Is not enough
in the 20th century.
268
00:16:14,590 --> 00:16:17,517
The royal family must adapt
269
00:16:17,593 --> 00:16:19,227
Or die.
270
00:16:22,849 --> 00:16:25,274
George's heir,
20-year-old david,
271
00:16:25,351 --> 00:16:27,268
Joins the grenadier guards
272
00:16:27,278 --> 00:16:30,855
And is allowed to be posted
to the western front.
273
00:16:30,865 --> 00:16:33,366
But he is kept back
from the front line,
274
00:16:33,443 --> 00:16:36,536
Much to his frustration.
275
00:16:36,612 --> 00:16:41,040
George's second son, bertie,
is already in the navy.
276
00:16:41,251 --> 00:16:44,785
Unlike his brother, he will see
the fighting first-hand
277
00:16:44,796 --> 00:16:46,754
In the battle of jutland.
278
00:16:48,374 --> 00:16:50,791
Three years into the brutal war,
279
00:16:50,802 --> 00:16:54,053
The germans deploy
a new long-range plane,
280
00:16:54,139 --> 00:16:55,379
The gotha bomber.
281
00:16:58,217 --> 00:17:01,436
They begin bombing raids
on british towns.
282
00:17:02,889 --> 00:17:05,064
In June
in the east end of london,
283
00:17:05,233 --> 00:17:08,901
Gotha bombers kill 162 people,
284
00:17:08,978 --> 00:17:12,396
Including 18 children.
285
00:17:12,407 --> 00:17:17,234
The name has an unfortunate
resonance for the royals
286
00:17:17,245 --> 00:17:22,123
Because the family name
is saxe coburg gotha.
287
00:17:23,993 --> 00:17:27,253
It's inherited from
queen victoria's german husband,
288
00:17:27,330 --> 00:17:29,580
Prince albert.
289
00:17:29,591 --> 00:17:34,168
In an anti-german atmosphere,
that's a huge disadvantage.
290
00:17:34,179 --> 00:17:38,923
George is right to worry
about public opinion.
291
00:17:38,933 --> 00:17:41,008
On the 15th of March 1917,
292
00:17:41,019 --> 00:17:45,980
His russian cousin tsar nicholas
is overthrown in a revolution.
293
00:17:50,862 --> 00:17:54,030
Concerned by republican
sentiments at home,
294
00:17:54,107 --> 00:17:56,857
George comes up
with a radical solution--
295
00:17:56,868 --> 00:18:01,204
A rebranding exercise inspired
by one of their family homes.
296
00:18:03,199 --> 00:18:05,041
He changes their family name
297
00:18:05,118 --> 00:18:06,617
To the more british-sounding
298
00:18:06,628 --> 00:18:08,127
"windsor."
299
00:18:10,123 --> 00:18:11,205
Worried that britain
300
00:18:11,216 --> 00:18:13,132
Could one day have
its own revolution,
301
00:18:13,259 --> 00:18:14,542
He refuses asylum
302
00:18:14,552 --> 00:18:17,136
To his cousin nicholas
and his family.
303
00:18:19,307 --> 00:18:22,383
In July 1918, in siberia,
304
00:18:22,393 --> 00:18:25,228
They are herded
into a basement and shot.
305
00:18:25,304 --> 00:18:27,146
[gunshot]
306
00:18:27,223 --> 00:18:32,151
[cheering]
307
00:18:32,278 --> 00:18:35,646
Just a few months later,
in November 1918,
308
00:18:35,657 --> 00:18:40,159
The allied countries
sign an armistice.
309
00:18:40,370 --> 00:18:43,162
People rejoice in america,
310
00:18:43,239 --> 00:18:46,165
France,
311
00:18:46,334 --> 00:18:48,000
And britain.
312
00:18:49,328 --> 00:18:51,587
At st. Paul's cathedral
in london,
313
00:18:51,664 --> 00:18:54,799
George and mary attend
a service of celebration.
314
00:18:58,513 --> 00:19:02,598
George's defeated cousin,
kaiser wilhelm, abdicates
315
00:19:02,675 --> 00:19:05,184
And spends the rest
of his days gardening,
316
00:19:05,261 --> 00:19:07,812
Exiled in the netherlands.
317
00:19:09,098 --> 00:19:12,942
The once mighty german empire
no longer exists.
318
00:19:15,188 --> 00:19:18,781
The russian and austro-hungarian
royal families also fall.
319
00:19:25,456 --> 00:19:30,117
George is one of the few
great monarchs to survive.
320
00:19:30,128 --> 00:19:33,212
In peacetime, george and mary
continue to meet people
321
00:19:33,298 --> 00:19:35,798
Up and down the country.
322
00:19:35,875 --> 00:19:39,802
They are determined to stay
at the center of national life.
323
00:19:42,473 --> 00:19:45,049
George opens the gates
of buckingham palace
324
00:19:45,059 --> 00:19:47,894
For his annual
royal garden parties,
325
00:19:47,970 --> 00:19:52,732
Filmed here
for the first time in 1935.
326
00:19:52,808 --> 00:19:56,235
Also on display is
the next generation of royals,
327
00:19:56,321 --> 00:19:59,906
Including his heir, david.
328
00:19:59,982 --> 00:20:03,409
♪
329
00:20:03,486 --> 00:20:07,905
David is a prince who embraces
all things modern,
330
00:20:07,916 --> 00:20:10,166
Even learning to fly
his own plane.
331
00:20:10,243 --> 00:20:14,078
♪
332
00:20:14,088 --> 00:20:17,256
He prefers more casual dress
to his father,
333
00:20:17,333 --> 00:20:19,217
Particularly when in public.
334
00:20:21,346 --> 00:20:23,095
When he visits glasgow,
335
00:20:23,172 --> 00:20:26,098
He's not afraid to rub shoulders
with his subjects.
336
00:20:29,428 --> 00:20:31,595
His parents,
king george and queen mary,
337
00:20:31,606 --> 00:20:34,690
Send him all around the country
on official duties.
338
00:20:37,278 --> 00:20:39,278
On the third of July 1933,
339
00:20:39,405 --> 00:20:45,025
He opens a record three bridges
in west london in one afternoon.
340
00:20:45,036 --> 00:20:47,703
Edward: I'm just about
to cut a ribbon
341
00:20:47,780 --> 00:20:50,122
Of this hampton court bridge.
342
00:20:50,199 --> 00:20:53,292
I might add that it is lucky
it has only just been put up
343
00:20:53,503 --> 00:20:54,627
Because I have
crossed this bridge
344
00:20:54,704 --> 00:20:57,037
No less than ten times already.
345
00:20:59,875 --> 00:21:01,792
Narrator:
George's second son, bertie,
346
00:21:01,803 --> 00:21:04,136
Also plays his part
in public life,
347
00:21:04,213 --> 00:21:06,547
Inspecting troops
and attending openings
348
00:21:06,557 --> 00:21:09,800
On his father's behalf.
349
00:21:09,811 --> 00:21:12,144
But unlike
his older brother david,
350
00:21:12,221 --> 00:21:13,637
He is painfully shy
351
00:21:13,648 --> 00:21:15,815
And has a debilitating stammer.
352
00:21:17,652 --> 00:21:19,402
Bertie: And we are all...
353
00:21:23,232 --> 00:21:25,983
Happy to feel...
354
00:21:25,994 --> 00:21:27,326
That...
355
00:21:27,495 --> 00:21:30,371
That the generosity
of his majesty...
356
00:21:34,577 --> 00:21:37,670
Has set an example to all...
357
00:21:37,747 --> 00:21:41,340
And which has been
widely followed...
358
00:21:41,509 --> 00:21:43,092
Throughout the country.
359
00:21:45,430 --> 00:21:47,346
Narrator: In 1923,
360
00:21:47,557 --> 00:21:50,341
Bertie marries
elizabeth bowes lyon,
361
00:21:50,351 --> 00:21:53,260
The daughter of a scottish earl.
362
00:21:53,271 --> 00:21:54,937
Unlike queen mary,
363
00:21:55,014 --> 00:21:59,525
Bertie's bride believes royals
should smile in public.
364
00:21:59,602 --> 00:22:02,603
She is nicknamed
"the smiling duchess."
365
00:22:05,441 --> 00:22:08,367
In 1926, they have
their first daughter,
366
00:22:08,444 --> 00:22:09,777
Princess elizabeth,
367
00:22:09,787 --> 00:22:11,704
Seen here with her nanny...
368
00:22:13,199 --> 00:22:15,532
Followed by
princess margaret rose
369
00:22:15,543 --> 00:22:18,786
Four years later.
370
00:22:18,796 --> 00:22:21,130
The family settle down
in central london,
371
00:22:21,207 --> 00:22:22,631
In piccadilly.
372
00:22:25,211 --> 00:22:30,214
Their next-door neighbor
is socialite rosie newman.
373
00:22:30,224 --> 00:22:31,474
In 1936,
374
00:22:31,550 --> 00:22:33,392
She captures
10-year-old elizabeth
375
00:22:33,519 --> 00:22:34,894
And 5-year-old margaret
376
00:22:34,970 --> 00:22:39,398
Playing with their pet corgis,
dookie and jane.
377
00:22:39,475 --> 00:22:41,392
No one yet realizes
378
00:22:41,402 --> 00:22:43,903
The vital role
princess elizabeth will play
379
00:22:43,979 --> 00:22:46,814
In the survival
of the house of windsor.
380
00:22:49,652 --> 00:22:52,411
[ship horn blows]
381
00:22:52,538 --> 00:22:55,414
29th of August 1924.
382
00:22:55,583 --> 00:22:57,157
As prince of wales,
383
00:22:57,168 --> 00:22:59,335
David travels the world
in the king's name,
384
00:22:59,412 --> 00:23:03,080
As an ambassador for britain
and the empire.
385
00:23:03,091 --> 00:23:06,425
He draws enormous crowds
wherever he goes,
386
00:23:06,502 --> 00:23:08,344
Like here in new york.
387
00:23:11,924 --> 00:23:16,018
He is the first royal
to visit a rodeo in america
388
00:23:16,095 --> 00:23:19,105
And even tries his hand
at being a cowboy.
389
00:23:25,104 --> 00:23:28,781
During the last part of his stay
at this long island estate,
390
00:23:28,858 --> 00:23:31,859
He invites the newsreels in
for a private audience,
391
00:23:31,869 --> 00:23:35,871
In a way that no royal
has previously allowed.
392
00:23:37,783 --> 00:23:40,209
David is clearly at ease
with the media
393
00:23:40,286 --> 00:23:43,620
And becomes the most
photographed man in the world.
394
00:23:46,634 --> 00:23:49,468
Even though he's just 5'7" tall,
395
00:23:49,637 --> 00:23:52,054
He cuts a dashing figure.
396
00:23:52,131 --> 00:23:56,892
He's known for his stylish suits
in prince of wales check.
397
00:23:56,969 --> 00:24:01,272
For a royal, a red tie
is a bold statement.
398
00:24:02,725 --> 00:24:06,393
David is a wildly popular
trendsetter,
399
00:24:06,404 --> 00:24:12,065
But his father, george v,
sees him as immature and spoilt.
400
00:24:12,076 --> 00:24:13,734
What particularly upsets him
401
00:24:13,744 --> 00:24:17,580
Is david's preference
for married women.
402
00:24:17,656 --> 00:24:18,739
[gunshot]
403
00:24:18,749 --> 00:24:20,166
Announcer: They're off.
404
00:24:20,242 --> 00:24:23,169
[cheering]
405
00:24:23,245 --> 00:24:26,413
Narrator: When he's filmed
at the grand national in 1935,
406
00:24:26,424 --> 00:24:27,748
The cameras are unaware
407
00:24:27,758 --> 00:24:31,251
That the woman next to him
is his mistress,
408
00:24:31,262 --> 00:24:35,514
The married american
wallis simpson.
409
00:24:35,591 --> 00:24:37,933
Wallis is a baltimore debutante,
410
00:24:38,010 --> 00:24:40,936
The society "it girl"
of her day.
411
00:24:41,013 --> 00:24:44,515
She's on her second marriage
to ernest simpson,
412
00:24:44,525 --> 00:24:47,443
A shipbroker and former soldier.
413
00:24:47,520 --> 00:24:50,196
But edward and wallis
are soon inseparable
414
00:24:50,272 --> 00:24:54,608
And openly vacation
together in austria.
415
00:24:54,619 --> 00:24:56,368
The royal family are shocked
416
00:24:56,445 --> 00:25:00,030
That david flaunts his
unsuitable married mistress
417
00:25:00,041 --> 00:25:01,373
In public.
418
00:25:01,450 --> 00:25:05,044
His father george v predicts,
"after I am dead,
419
00:25:05,120 --> 00:25:08,589
The boy will ruin himself
in twelve months."
420
00:25:10,543 --> 00:25:15,295
[fanfare plays]
421
00:25:15,306 --> 00:25:16,972
In may 1935,
422
00:25:17,049 --> 00:25:19,725
Britain celebrates
george's silver jubilee
423
00:25:19,802 --> 00:25:21,560
Of 25 years on the throne.
424
00:25:21,637 --> 00:25:24,054
[fanfare]
425
00:25:24,065 --> 00:25:26,390
At the end of the celebrations,
426
00:25:26,400 --> 00:25:27,641
He addresses his nation
427
00:25:27,652 --> 00:25:30,569
In a new medium
for the royal family--
428
00:25:30,655 --> 00:25:32,145
Radio.
429
00:25:32,156 --> 00:25:36,575
King george: Thank you from
the depths of our hearts,
430
00:25:36,786 --> 00:25:38,986
For all the loyalty,
431
00:25:38,996 --> 00:25:42,573
And, may I say, the love
432
00:25:42,583 --> 00:25:47,494
With which this day and always
433
00:25:47,505 --> 00:25:50,998
You have surrounded us.
434
00:25:51,008 --> 00:25:53,008
Narrator:
George has survived the war
435
00:25:53,085 --> 00:25:55,594
And the collapse
of his royal cousins.
436
00:25:55,671 --> 00:25:59,139
The windsors are now
more popular than ever before.
437
00:26:02,853 --> 00:26:05,095
In January 1936,
438
00:26:05,106 --> 00:26:08,765
The news breaks that
the king is seriously ill.
439
00:26:08,776 --> 00:26:10,526
A lifetime of smoking
440
00:26:10,603 --> 00:26:14,029
Has given him trouble
with his lungs.
441
00:26:14,106 --> 00:26:16,282
The king dies in sandringham,
442
00:26:16,358 --> 00:26:18,909
His estate
in the east of England.
443
00:26:21,622 --> 00:26:26,533
[fanfare plays]
444
00:26:26,544 --> 00:26:28,961
January 21, 1936.
445
00:26:29,038 --> 00:26:31,204
St. James's palace, london.
446
00:26:31,215 --> 00:26:33,632
The day after the king's death.
447
00:26:33,709 --> 00:26:36,043
The garter principal
king of arms
448
00:26:36,053 --> 00:26:38,962
Formally announces
the new king's accession.
449
00:26:38,973 --> 00:26:40,639
Man: God save the king.
450
00:26:40,850 --> 00:26:43,216
[cannon fires]
451
00:26:43,227 --> 00:26:46,803
Narrator:
David is now edward viii.
452
00:26:46,814 --> 00:26:48,647
He should be privately mourning,
453
00:26:48,724 --> 00:26:50,649
But instead flies in
from sandringham
454
00:26:50,726 --> 00:26:53,226
To watch the ceremony.
455
00:26:53,237 --> 00:26:55,654
This breaks with royal protocol
456
00:26:55,740 --> 00:26:58,324
And is seen as tasteless.
457
00:26:58,400 --> 00:27:00,993
But what really
upsets the royal family
458
00:27:01,070 --> 00:27:04,237
Is that wallis
is at the window, too.
459
00:27:04,248 --> 00:27:07,583
Edward bans the footage
from being shown.
460
00:27:10,421 --> 00:27:14,173
But the public welcome
their dashing new king.
461
00:27:14,249 --> 00:27:15,916
News announcer:
Even before westminster abbey
462
00:27:15,926 --> 00:27:18,344
Is closed to receive
its coronation threads,
463
00:27:18,420 --> 00:27:22,255
The wheels of british industry
are spinning at top speed.
464
00:27:22,266 --> 00:27:24,350
Narrator: The country
prepares for the coronation
465
00:27:24,426 --> 00:27:29,188
Of what promises to be the most
popular king in living memory.
466
00:27:29,264 --> 00:27:32,691
Factories begin
to make souvenirs.
467
00:27:32,777 --> 00:27:37,488
The ceremony is set
for a year later, in may 1937.
468
00:27:38,524 --> 00:27:41,525
But edward viii
has little interest,
469
00:27:41,535 --> 00:27:45,946
Leaving his brother bertie
to organize the details.
470
00:27:45,956 --> 00:27:48,707
Instead he goes on
a series of vacations,
471
00:27:48,784 --> 00:27:51,710
Including this one to cannes,
in the south of France,
472
00:27:51,796 --> 00:27:53,879
With the still-married wallis.
473
00:27:55,791 --> 00:27:57,383
Later that summer,
474
00:27:57,459 --> 00:28:02,379
A photographer catches wallis
touching his arm.
475
00:28:02,390 --> 00:28:06,016
The american media realize
they are more than friends.
476
00:28:08,145 --> 00:28:10,813
But while the british press
cover the holiday,
477
00:28:10,889 --> 00:28:13,899
They print nothing
about the affair.
478
00:28:13,976 --> 00:28:16,568
A gentleman's agreement
with the palace
479
00:28:16,645 --> 00:28:19,405
Keeps edward's secret.
480
00:28:19,481 --> 00:28:21,732
But in October 1936,
481
00:28:21,742 --> 00:28:24,243
Wallis files for divorce.
482
00:28:24,319 --> 00:28:27,329
Behind closed doors,
edward meets with the government
483
00:28:27,406 --> 00:28:31,074
And tells them
that he plans to marry her,
484
00:28:31,085 --> 00:28:32,659
Even though
the church of England,
485
00:28:32,670 --> 00:28:34,327
Of which edward is the head,
486
00:28:34,338 --> 00:28:38,165
Does not allow divorced people
to remarry.
487
00:28:38,175 --> 00:28:39,916
Prime minister stanley baldwin
488
00:28:39,927 --> 00:28:44,263
Tells him that his choice
of bride is impossible
489
00:28:44,339 --> 00:28:46,390
If he wants to remain king.
490
00:28:48,686 --> 00:28:51,344
As edward tours south wales
in November,
491
00:28:51,355 --> 00:28:53,430
Meeting impoverished
welsh families,
492
00:28:53,441 --> 00:28:56,275
His popularity
is at an all-time high.
493
00:28:58,362 --> 00:29:00,854
No one in the crowd has any idea
494
00:29:00,865 --> 00:29:03,574
That the monarchy
is in crisis...
495
00:29:05,870 --> 00:29:06,860
Even though in america,
496
00:29:06,871 --> 00:29:08,787
The press loudly speculate
497
00:29:08,914 --> 00:29:10,706
On a royal wedding date.
498
00:29:11,867 --> 00:29:13,450
Back in london,
499
00:29:13,461 --> 00:29:16,754
The prime minister still refuses
to support the marriage.
500
00:29:19,216 --> 00:29:21,208
Finally on the 2nd of December,
501
00:29:21,218 --> 00:29:24,878
The british press run the story.
502
00:29:24,889 --> 00:29:26,630
The opinion of the country
503
00:29:26,640 --> 00:29:28,307
Is divided.
504
00:29:28,383 --> 00:29:31,810
It's the biggest crisis
since world war I.
505
00:29:33,388 --> 00:29:35,731
Man: In my opinion, the king
should marry who he loves.
506
00:29:35,808 --> 00:29:37,816
He's been a good chap
to the working class.
507
00:29:37,893 --> 00:29:40,644
That's my opinion of him.
508
00:29:40,654 --> 00:29:42,821
Man: Quite apart from the fact
that she isn't of noble blood,
509
00:29:42,907 --> 00:29:45,398
Mrs. Simpson has twice
been in the divorce courts.
510
00:29:45,409 --> 00:29:46,825
To my mind,
511
00:29:46,902 --> 00:29:48,994
That completely rules her out
as queen of England.
512
00:29:49,071 --> 00:29:51,571
Man: The nation is behind him,
513
00:29:51,582 --> 00:29:53,749
And we must not lose him.
514
00:29:55,836 --> 00:29:58,504
Narrator: 10th of December 1936,
515
00:29:58,580 --> 00:30:02,332
Edward officially
abdicates his throne.
516
00:30:02,343 --> 00:30:05,385
A day later, he publicly
renounces his title.
517
00:30:06,839 --> 00:30:09,756
Edward: A few hours ago,
518
00:30:09,767 --> 00:30:15,846
I discharged my last duty
as king and emperor.
519
00:30:15,856 --> 00:30:19,933
Believe me when I tell you
520
00:30:19,944 --> 00:30:22,694
That I have found it impossible
521
00:30:22,771 --> 00:30:27,032
To carry the heavy burden
of responsibility
522
00:30:27,109 --> 00:30:30,861
And to discharge
my duties as king
523
00:30:30,871 --> 00:30:33,789
As I would wish to do,
524
00:30:33,866 --> 00:30:39,253
Without the help and support
of the woman I love.
525
00:30:43,884 --> 00:30:46,543
Narrator: Crowds converge
on central london,
526
00:30:46,554 --> 00:30:49,847
Shocked that their
beloved king has gone.
527
00:30:56,897 --> 00:30:58,897
[fanfare plays]
528
00:30:59,024 --> 00:31:00,640
Five months later,
529
00:31:00,651 --> 00:31:03,393
Stammering and unprepared
brother bertie
530
00:31:03,404 --> 00:31:06,313
Is crowned as king george vi
531
00:31:06,323 --> 00:31:10,817
In the ceremony that he helped
plan for his brother.
532
00:31:10,828 --> 00:31:12,485
[cheering]
533
00:31:12,496 --> 00:31:17,499
The popular edward viii
will be a tough act to follow.
534
00:31:17,576 --> 00:31:21,753
And george will need to become
a symbol of national survival
535
00:31:21,830 --> 00:31:23,672
As war looms.
536
00:31:23,749 --> 00:31:28,093
[cheering]
537
00:31:30,097 --> 00:31:32,923
George vi, the reluctant king,
538
00:31:32,933 --> 00:31:36,927
Has one advantage over
his scandalous brother edward--
539
00:31:36,937 --> 00:31:39,930
His family.
540
00:31:39,940 --> 00:31:41,431
This film is taken
541
00:31:41,442 --> 00:31:43,525
Just as they first move in
to buckingham palace
542
00:31:43,602 --> 00:31:45,527
In 1937.
543
00:31:48,023 --> 00:31:51,608
The invited cameras show george
as a happy family man
544
00:31:51,619 --> 00:31:53,952
With his heir,
10-year-old elizabeth,
545
00:31:54,079 --> 00:31:55,954
And 6-year-old margaret.
546
00:31:58,083 --> 00:32:02,628
They are so close-knit,
the king calls them "us four."
547
00:32:07,459 --> 00:32:09,626
Just a month
after the coronation,
548
00:32:09,637 --> 00:32:13,972
Edward marries wallis at
the chateau de cande in France.
549
00:32:16,393 --> 00:32:19,686
Not one member
of the royal family attends.
550
00:32:22,224 --> 00:32:25,067
The bride wears
a special kind of blue,
551
00:32:25,143 --> 00:32:28,645
Dubbed "wallis blue"
by its dressmaker.
552
00:32:28,656 --> 00:32:31,073
George gives
edward and wallis the title
553
00:32:31,149 --> 00:32:33,992
"the duke and duchess
of windsor."
554
00:32:34,161 --> 00:32:37,821
But he refuses wallis the title
"her royal highness,"
555
00:32:37,831 --> 00:32:39,998
Which would officially
recognize her
556
00:32:40,075 --> 00:32:41,875
As a member of the royal family.
557
00:32:45,414 --> 00:32:48,248
By now, adolf hitler is in power
558
00:32:48,258 --> 00:32:51,802
And germany is once again
turning into a military machine.
559
00:32:53,672 --> 00:32:56,682
New king george vi
and his government
560
00:32:56,758 --> 00:32:59,851
Are appalled
by the fuhrer's warmongering.
561
00:32:59,928 --> 00:33:01,853
But what really upsets them
562
00:33:01,930 --> 00:33:05,691
Is when the duke of windsor
defies government advice.
563
00:33:05,767 --> 00:33:09,027
He goes on a semi-official,
unsanctioned visit
564
00:33:09,154 --> 00:33:12,605
To nazi germany.
565
00:33:12,616 --> 00:33:14,950
Dr. Ley,
one of hitler's inner circle,
566
00:33:15,027 --> 00:33:18,954
Meets the duke and duchess
at berlin station.
567
00:33:19,031 --> 00:33:23,283
♪
568
00:33:23,293 --> 00:33:25,377
They attend a concert
569
00:33:25,454 --> 00:33:28,547
And inspect a squad
of ss stormtroopers.
570
00:33:31,802 --> 00:33:36,296
Hitler even invites them to
his private mountain retreat.
571
00:33:36,306 --> 00:33:39,299
The trip is a huge embarrassment
to the british government
572
00:33:39,309 --> 00:33:42,060
And royal family.
573
00:33:42,271 --> 00:33:45,305
The once popular king
is now notorious
574
00:33:45,315 --> 00:33:48,475
And accused of being
a nazi sympathizer,
575
00:33:48,485 --> 00:33:51,061
An allegation
that will hang over him
576
00:33:51,071 --> 00:33:52,738
For the rest of his life.
577
00:33:56,994 --> 00:33:58,660
In June 1939,
578
00:33:58,737 --> 00:34:02,748
George and elizabeth go
on a state visit of their own,
579
00:34:02,824 --> 00:34:04,741
To america.
580
00:34:04,752 --> 00:34:07,335
They are guests of
president franklin roosevelt
581
00:34:07,412 --> 00:34:10,422
In washington, d.C.
582
00:34:10,499 --> 00:34:12,591
This is the first time
583
00:34:12,667 --> 00:34:15,168
That a president has stood next
to a reigning british monarch
584
00:34:15,179 --> 00:34:17,012
On american soil.
585
00:34:19,516 --> 00:34:24,102
It's a calculated pr maneuver
by roosevelt.
586
00:34:24,179 --> 00:34:26,179
As war in europe looks imminent,
587
00:34:26,190 --> 00:34:28,014
He's invited the king here
588
00:34:28,025 --> 00:34:31,768
To boost american support
for the brits.
589
00:34:31,779 --> 00:34:33,695
Announcer: Dense crowds
line the thoroughfare,
590
00:34:33,772 --> 00:34:36,114
And the cheers are eloquent with
the understanding and friendship
591
00:34:36,283 --> 00:34:38,700
Felt for britain's
king and queen.
592
00:34:38,777 --> 00:34:45,123
[cheering]
593
00:34:45,209 --> 00:34:46,533
Narrator:
Secretary of the treasury
594
00:34:46,543 --> 00:34:48,201
Henry morgenthau, jr.
595
00:34:48,212 --> 00:34:50,879
Films some of their trip.
596
00:34:56,303 --> 00:34:57,886
His home movies show something
597
00:34:57,963 --> 00:35:01,139
The newsreels are not allowed
to broadcast--
598
00:35:01,225 --> 00:35:04,801
A polio-stricken roosevelt
walking.
599
00:35:04,812 --> 00:35:09,147
[cheering]
600
00:35:09,358 --> 00:35:11,066
They board
the presidential yacht
601
00:35:11,143 --> 00:35:12,776
To visit mount vernon.
602
00:35:16,323 --> 00:35:17,572
King george even lays a wreath
603
00:35:17,649 --> 00:35:20,733
On the tomb
of george washington,
604
00:35:20,744 --> 00:35:23,245
Becoming the first
british monarch to do so.
605
00:35:24,156 --> 00:35:26,498
[applause]
606
00:35:26,575 --> 00:35:28,658
Later, the royal couple
spend time
607
00:35:28,669 --> 00:35:31,911
At roosevelt's country home,
hyde park,
608
00:35:31,922 --> 00:35:34,172
With the president's wife,
eleanor,
609
00:35:34,249 --> 00:35:37,092
And his mother sara.
610
00:35:37,169 --> 00:35:40,345
On the menu that day--hot dogs.
611
00:35:40,422 --> 00:35:41,921
It becomes news
612
00:35:41,932 --> 00:35:45,433
That the royal couple eat
and enjoy them.
613
00:35:46,428 --> 00:35:48,728
[cheering]
614
00:35:50,348 --> 00:35:53,099
When they visit the world's fair
in new york,
615
00:35:53,110 --> 00:35:54,276
They are the biggest attraction
616
00:35:54,352 --> 00:35:56,862
For the attending
american crowds.
617
00:36:00,284 --> 00:36:02,442
This is the dawn of a new era
618
00:36:02,452 --> 00:36:04,619
In american and british
cooperation,
619
00:36:04,696 --> 00:36:06,362
An important milestone
620
00:36:06,373 --> 00:36:09,791
In the two countries'
special relationship,
621
00:36:09,868 --> 00:36:13,253
Which will soon
be put to the test.
622
00:36:14,298 --> 00:36:16,548
[gulls squawking]
623
00:36:16,625 --> 00:36:21,219
Dartmouth naval college,
July 1939.
624
00:36:21,388 --> 00:36:26,883
The king and queen return to
their british royal engagements.
625
00:36:26,894 --> 00:36:30,637
On this trip they bring
their daughters.
626
00:36:30,647 --> 00:36:33,899
It's here that 13-year-old
princess elizabeth
627
00:36:33,975 --> 00:36:35,058
Is officially introduced
628
00:36:35,068 --> 00:36:38,478
To 18-year-old
prince philip of greece.
629
00:36:38,488 --> 00:36:40,488
As they play croquet,
630
00:36:40,565 --> 00:36:45,577
One of their first exchanges
is captured on camera.
631
00:36:45,654 --> 00:36:48,404
It will turn out to be
a life-changing visit
632
00:36:48,415 --> 00:36:51,241
For princess elizabeth.
633
00:36:51,251 --> 00:36:53,326
[artillery fire]
634
00:36:53,337 --> 00:36:54,661
Just two months later,
635
00:36:54,671 --> 00:36:57,497
On the 3rd of September 1939,
636
00:36:57,507 --> 00:37:01,584
Britain declares war
against germany.
637
00:37:01,595 --> 00:37:03,419
The king decides
to stay in london,
638
00:37:03,430 --> 00:37:05,263
Even as the bombs rain down
639
00:37:05,340 --> 00:37:09,559
In the most terrifying blitz
the capital has ever witnessed.
640
00:37:12,689 --> 00:37:15,273
On the 13th of September 1940,
641
00:37:15,350 --> 00:37:17,684
A bomb falls
on buckingham palace,
642
00:37:17,694 --> 00:37:20,779
Nearly hitting
the royal apartments.
643
00:37:20,855 --> 00:37:22,855
Shortly after,
the king talks about it
644
00:37:22,866 --> 00:37:25,775
In a radio broadcast
to the nation.
645
00:37:25,786 --> 00:37:30,288
George vi: I am speaking to you
now from buckingham palace,
646
00:37:30,365 --> 00:37:33,116
With its honorable scar.
647
00:37:33,126 --> 00:37:35,210
Narrator:
The queen reportedly says,
648
00:37:35,287 --> 00:37:38,255
"I can now look the east end
in the face."
649
00:37:41,551 --> 00:37:44,627
They tirelessly visit
their war-torn subjects
650
00:37:44,638 --> 00:37:47,213
And lift the spirits
of the country
651
00:37:47,224 --> 00:37:49,307
During its darkest years of war.
652
00:37:49,434 --> 00:37:53,311
♪
653
00:37:53,480 --> 00:37:55,188
[cheering]
654
00:37:57,225 --> 00:38:00,193
Princess elizabeth serves
as an army mechanic.
655
00:38:01,905 --> 00:38:05,991
The family's war efforts
make them incredibly popular.
656
00:38:15,335 --> 00:38:20,663
The duke and duchess of windsor
see out a very different war.
657
00:38:20,674 --> 00:38:22,999
In 1940, winston churchill,
658
00:38:23,010 --> 00:38:25,093
Worried about
their nazi sympathies,
659
00:38:25,170 --> 00:38:28,930
Sends the duke to become
the governor of the bahamas.
660
00:38:30,842 --> 00:38:35,261
He's kept as far away
from the war as possible.
661
00:38:35,272 --> 00:38:36,679
Churchill wants to avoid
662
00:38:36,690 --> 00:38:40,350
Any further encounters
with the nazis.
663
00:38:40,360 --> 00:38:44,112
Privately the duke calls
the bahamas a third-rate colony
664
00:38:44,189 --> 00:38:49,367
And asks for the governor's
mansion to be refurbished.
665
00:38:49,444 --> 00:38:55,281
The cost is estimated to be
the same as a fighter plane.
666
00:38:55,292 --> 00:38:57,459
The british government refuse.
667
00:39:00,380 --> 00:39:04,382
[cheering]
668
00:39:04,551 --> 00:39:06,542
After six long years of war,
669
00:39:06,553 --> 00:39:08,470
Hitler is finally defeated
670
00:39:08,546 --> 00:39:10,388
And peace is declared.
671
00:39:10,465 --> 00:39:12,891
[cheering]
672
00:39:12,967 --> 00:39:17,812
In london, thousands descend
on buckingham palace.
673
00:39:17,889 --> 00:39:20,398
They cheer for the king
to come out on the balcony
674
00:39:20,525 --> 00:39:23,142
Again and again.
675
00:39:23,153 --> 00:39:25,820
The royals emerge
an incredible eight times
676
00:39:25,897 --> 00:39:27,405
To celebrate
with their people...
677
00:39:27,482 --> 00:39:30,575
[cheering]
678
00:39:30,652 --> 00:39:33,986
...With some trademark waving.
679
00:39:33,997 --> 00:39:36,823
But war has
physically exhausted the king.
680
00:39:36,833 --> 00:39:40,243
At only 49,
his health is failing.
681
00:39:43,081 --> 00:39:47,634
Princess elizabeth will soon be
thrust into the limelight.
682
00:39:54,601 --> 00:39:58,269
Hms vanguard, February 1947.
683
00:39:58,346 --> 00:40:01,773
The royal family are
on their way to south africa.
684
00:40:01,850 --> 00:40:05,935
It's their first overseas
royal tour after the war.
685
00:40:05,946 --> 00:40:07,529
[cheering]
686
00:40:11,943 --> 00:40:14,777
A carefree
20-year-old princess elizabeth
687
00:40:14,788 --> 00:40:16,955
Plays a game of tag on deck.
688
00:40:20,377 --> 00:40:24,838
After years of turmoil,
the family can finally relax.
689
00:40:30,053 --> 00:40:33,796
George leads the family
off the ship in cape town.
690
00:40:33,807 --> 00:40:35,798
This is the first time
a reigning monarch
691
00:40:35,809 --> 00:40:38,476
Has ever visited south africa.
692
00:40:38,553 --> 00:40:39,644
[cheering]
693
00:40:39,721 --> 00:40:42,221
Later, when they
drive through durban,
694
00:40:42,232 --> 00:40:44,482
They are overwhelmed
by the crowds.
695
00:40:44,693 --> 00:40:49,487
[cheering]
696
00:40:49,573 --> 00:40:54,117
The tour takes in 10,000 miles
in just two months.
697
00:40:58,081 --> 00:41:00,823
The royal family
also visit zululand
698
00:41:00,834 --> 00:41:03,910
In eastern south africa.
699
00:41:03,920 --> 00:41:07,505
Thousands of locals
come to pay homage to them.
700
00:41:07,582 --> 00:41:10,550
[chanting]
701
00:41:12,596 --> 00:41:14,012
On her 21st birthday,
702
00:41:14,088 --> 00:41:17,515
Princess elizabeth
addresses her people on camera
703
00:41:17,592 --> 00:41:19,559
For the very first time.
704
00:41:21,271 --> 00:41:23,763
Princess elizabeth:
I declare before you all
705
00:41:23,773 --> 00:41:25,690
That my whole life,
706
00:41:25,767 --> 00:41:28,526
Whether it be long or short,
707
00:41:28,612 --> 00:41:31,270
Shall be devoted
to your service
708
00:41:31,281 --> 00:41:35,366
And to the service
of our great imperial family
709
00:41:35,443 --> 00:41:37,952
To which we all belong.
710
00:41:38,029 --> 00:41:41,539
Narrator:
Buckingham palace, 1947.
711
00:41:41,708 --> 00:41:43,366
After a year of secrecy,
712
00:41:43,376 --> 00:41:47,295
The royal family announces
elizabeth's engagement.
713
00:41:47,372 --> 00:41:50,215
Her fiancé is the naval officer
she played croquet with
714
00:41:50,291 --> 00:41:51,549
Before the war,
715
00:41:51,718 --> 00:41:53,292
Prince philip.
716
00:41:53,303 --> 00:41:56,554
For some, he's a controversial
choice of groom.
717
00:41:56,631 --> 00:41:59,131
He is from
the greek royal family.
718
00:41:59,142 --> 00:42:00,725
Three of his sisters
were married
719
00:42:00,802 --> 00:42:03,895
To german nazi aristocrats.
720
00:42:03,972 --> 00:42:07,640
At one sister's funeral
back in 1937,
721
00:42:07,651 --> 00:42:12,228
He is seen walking
next to the nazis.
722
00:42:12,239 --> 00:42:16,658
But he was also decorated
for bravery during the war.
723
00:42:16,734 --> 00:42:21,996
People in britain are delighted
to celebrate a royal wedding.
724
00:42:22,073 --> 00:42:29,254
[playing mendelssohn's
wedding March]
725
00:42:30,423 --> 00:42:34,050
The couple dazzle in newsreels
around the world.
726
00:42:35,679 --> 00:42:37,428
[bells ringing]
727
00:42:37,505 --> 00:42:38,846
In the throne room,
728
00:42:38,923 --> 00:42:43,175
They pose for their
official wedding photos.
729
00:42:43,186 --> 00:42:46,688
They are the glamorous future
of the royal family.
730
00:42:50,860 --> 00:42:52,268
London airport,
731
00:42:52,279 --> 00:42:56,614
Five years later,
in January 1952.
732
00:42:56,691 --> 00:43:03,580
A very ill george vi cannot go
on another tour of the empire.
733
00:43:03,948 --> 00:43:06,115
He sends his daughter
in his place.
734
00:43:06,126 --> 00:43:08,376
[applause and cheering]
735
00:43:08,453 --> 00:43:10,962
The family come
to say their goodbyes.
736
00:43:15,126 --> 00:43:18,219
Princess elizabeth
does not realize
737
00:43:18,296 --> 00:43:20,722
That she will never see
her father again.
738
00:43:22,717 --> 00:43:25,810
George vi has only days to live.
739
00:43:29,316 --> 00:43:32,150
[cheering]
740
00:43:32,226 --> 00:43:35,227
Princess elizabeth and
prince philip's six-month tour
741
00:43:35,238 --> 00:43:37,405
Starts in kenya.
742
00:43:37,482 --> 00:43:40,825
[cheering]
743
00:43:40,902 --> 00:43:42,327
Bystanders remark
744
00:43:42,403 --> 00:43:45,204
That the princess
looks happy and carefree.
745
00:43:47,584 --> 00:43:52,253
They stay at sagana lodge
following a safari.
746
00:43:52,330 --> 00:43:55,423
It's here,
just six days into the tour,
747
00:43:55,500 --> 00:43:58,259
That elizabeth receives
the tragic news.
748
00:44:00,513 --> 00:44:02,254
Her father is dead.
749
00:44:05,176 --> 00:44:07,518
Devastated,
she returns to britain.
750
00:44:11,107 --> 00:44:14,600
These are her first steps
on british soil
751
00:44:14,611 --> 00:44:16,686
As elizabeth ii,
752
00:44:16,696 --> 00:44:19,438
Queen of the united kingdom.
753
00:44:19,449 --> 00:44:22,191
She is just 25 years old.
754
00:44:25,029 --> 00:44:27,538
George's body
is taken to westminster hall
755
00:44:27,615 --> 00:44:29,207
To lie in state.
756
00:44:35,373 --> 00:44:37,548
A grieving public
pay their respects
757
00:44:37,625 --> 00:44:41,094
To the monarch who led them
through world war ii.
758
00:44:47,051 --> 00:44:50,219
The 56-year-old king
is then taken to windsor
759
00:44:50,230 --> 00:44:53,055
To be buried with his ancestors.
760
00:44:55,860 --> 00:45:00,613
The royal women hide their grief
in thick black veils.
761
00:45:05,903 --> 00:45:08,904
The queen leaves
the ceremony first.
762
00:45:08,915 --> 00:45:12,166
She is now the head
of the house of windsor.
763
00:45:20,593 --> 00:45:23,177
2nd of June 1953.
764
00:45:23,254 --> 00:45:26,764
Britain prepares for the biggest
event of the queen's life--
765
00:45:26,933 --> 00:45:28,891
Her coronation.
766
00:45:30,937 --> 00:45:35,064
The entire country is gripped
with coronation fever.
767
00:45:36,901 --> 00:45:38,434
For the first time ever,
768
00:45:38,445 --> 00:45:41,446
It will be broadcast
as a live television event.
769
00:45:44,108 --> 00:45:46,784
Everyone will have
the opportunity
770
00:45:46,870 --> 00:45:49,537
For a front row seat.
771
00:45:49,614 --> 00:45:53,708
Just three cameras recorded
her father's coronation.
772
00:45:53,785 --> 00:45:55,418
Now there will be 20.
773
00:45:57,130 --> 00:45:59,622
The man in charge
is david eccles,
774
00:45:59,632 --> 00:46:01,883
The minister of works.
775
00:46:01,959 --> 00:46:03,801
David eccles:
It's quite clear that this time,
776
00:46:03,878 --> 00:46:05,803
Right from the very beginning,
777
00:46:05,880 --> 00:46:08,639
We must plan the
scheme of decorations
778
00:46:08,716 --> 00:46:12,810
And select the points
at which cameras are sited
779
00:46:12,979 --> 00:46:16,472
So that the best pictures
can be made.
780
00:46:16,483 --> 00:46:20,810
[cheering]
781
00:46:20,820 --> 00:46:23,729
Narrator: Although many
will be watching at home,
782
00:46:23,740 --> 00:46:25,231
Tens of thousands gather
783
00:46:25,241 --> 00:46:27,900
As she leaves
for westminster abbey.
784
00:46:27,911 --> 00:46:32,663
[cheering]
785
00:46:34,000 --> 00:46:35,833
In the abbey,
786
00:46:35,960 --> 00:46:39,495
She formally dedicates herself
to her millions of subjects.
787
00:46:39,506 --> 00:46:43,341
Man: Madame, is your majesty
willing to take the oath?
788
00:46:43,417 --> 00:46:44,926
Queen elizabeth:
I am willing.
789
00:46:45,002 --> 00:46:46,418
News announcer:
The anointing takes place
790
00:46:46,429 --> 00:46:48,513
Under a canopy of cloth of gold,
791
00:46:48,589 --> 00:46:50,422
For this part
of the ceremony is withheld
792
00:46:50,433 --> 00:46:53,259
Even from the eyes
of those present.
793
00:46:53,269 --> 00:46:56,938
Narrator: 27 million viewers
crowd around tv sets
794
00:46:57,014 --> 00:46:59,598
Specially bought
for the occasion
795
00:46:59,609 --> 00:47:03,686
And watch this mysterious
and rare spectacle.
796
00:47:03,696 --> 00:47:06,188
Though she doesn't know it
at the time,
797
00:47:06,199 --> 00:47:08,607
The queen is bringing
the modern television age
798
00:47:08,618 --> 00:47:10,159
To britain.
799
00:47:12,864 --> 00:47:19,836
[cheering]
800
00:47:22,131 --> 00:47:24,715
The broadcast helps launch
queen elizabeth
801
00:47:24,792 --> 00:47:28,302
As one of the most popular
rulers in british history.
802
00:47:33,017 --> 00:47:36,635
This coronation is a watershed
moment for the monarchy,
803
00:47:36,646 --> 00:47:41,482
Ensuring their survival
into the next century.
804
00:47:41,559 --> 00:47:45,903
Elizabeth ii becomes a symbol
of duty and continuity
805
00:47:46,114 --> 00:47:48,155
In uncertain times
806
00:47:48,232 --> 00:47:49,982
And will eventually outlive
807
00:47:49,993 --> 00:47:52,818
Her great-great-grandmother
queen victoria
808
00:47:52,829 --> 00:47:55,913
To become britain's
longest-serving monarch.
809
00:47:55,999 --> 00:47:59,375
[cheering]
68258
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