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I've always been fascinated
by nomads...
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00:00:15,740 --> 00:00:17,380
..constantly on the move...
3
00:00:17,380 --> 00:00:19,500
It's the most beautiful journey.
4
00:00:19,500 --> 00:00:23,660
..surviving in some of the world's
most remote wildernesses...
5
00:00:23,660 --> 00:00:26,260
Where's the removal van
when you need it?
6
00:00:26,260 --> 00:00:28,900
..and living cheek by jowl
with nature.
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00:00:28,900 --> 00:00:32,340
It's always seemed
a wildly romantic existence.
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00:00:33,340 --> 00:00:35,700
It's the most magical place.
9
00:00:35,700 --> 00:00:38,020
But it's no easy life...
10
00:00:38,020 --> 00:00:41,420
It's the sort of cold
that makes you feel physically sick.
11
00:00:41,420 --> 00:00:44,100
..and in today's modern world...
12
00:00:47,140 --> 00:00:48,820
..they're under increasing pressure.
13
00:00:52,420 --> 00:00:55,540
I'm going to live with
three groups of nomads...
14
00:00:57,060 --> 00:00:58,940
..in Siberia...
15
00:00:58,940 --> 00:01:00,740
It's an incredibly
exhilarating feeling!
16
00:01:01,740 --> 00:01:02,900
..Nepal...
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00:01:02,900 --> 00:01:04,180
Namaste.
18
00:01:04,180 --> 00:01:06,060
..and now in Mongolia...
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00:01:06,060 --> 00:01:07,300
Sain baina uu.
20
00:01:07,300 --> 00:01:11,060
..with a family of herders,
who are adapting to the 21st century
21
00:01:11,060 --> 00:01:13,380
deep in the Gobi desert.
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00:01:13,380 --> 00:01:17,380
Clearly, this is a way of life
that is very, very precious.
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00:01:18,740 --> 00:01:22,100
But life here is still dominated
by the power of nature...
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00:01:23,700 --> 00:01:27,820
..as storms and predators constantly
threaten their nomadic way of life.
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00:01:27,820 --> 00:01:30,980
I can't stand here and say,
"Don't kill that wolf."
26
00:01:30,980 --> 00:01:33,020
It's not my place to.
27
00:01:51,340 --> 00:01:56,820
Mongolia's wild and untamed Gobi
is the largest desert in Asia.
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00:01:58,340 --> 00:02:03,140
It just looks like the sort
of bleakest, emptiest landscape.
29
00:02:03,140 --> 00:02:08,780
And the idea of living here
and of making a living here
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00:02:08,780 --> 00:02:11,460
is, erm, hard to imagine.
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00:02:12,780 --> 00:02:16,460
Yet, it's been home to families
of nomads for centuries.
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00:02:16,460 --> 00:02:18,940
I'm on my way
to stay with one of them.
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00:02:20,700 --> 00:02:23,220
It's just going to be
really eye-opening, I think,
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00:02:23,220 --> 00:02:26,100
to discover this partnership
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00:02:26,100 --> 00:02:29,340
between them and their livestock
and this landscape
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00:02:29,340 --> 00:02:31,740
that has allowed them to thrive
for this long.
37
00:02:33,220 --> 00:02:36,460
But Mongolia's nomads
have had a chequered history.
38
00:02:36,460 --> 00:02:40,100
In 1924, the country
fell under communist rule.
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00:02:40,100 --> 00:02:43,180
For nearly 70 years,
nomadism was banned
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00:02:43,180 --> 00:02:45,420
and the herds were collectivised.
41
00:02:51,060 --> 00:02:54,140
But with the arrival of democracy
in the 1990s,
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00:02:54,140 --> 00:02:57,580
an incredible one third
of Mongolia's population
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00:02:57,580 --> 00:03:00,860
chose to return
to their nomadic roots.
44
00:03:04,060 --> 00:03:08,620
Today, it's believed that 30%
of Mongolians are nomads.
45
00:03:08,620 --> 00:03:11,940
But once again, their way of life
is under threat.
46
00:03:11,940 --> 00:03:15,820
The country is going through
an economic boom fuelled by mining,
47
00:03:15,820 --> 00:03:18,060
which is tempting nomads towards
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00:03:18,060 --> 00:03:20,340
a more prosperous and settled
way of life.
49
00:03:21,740 --> 00:03:25,420
There is something very romantic
about the idea of nomadism.
50
00:03:25,420 --> 00:03:28,980
Often, it isn't romantic,
when you see the reality of it.
51
00:03:28,980 --> 00:03:32,060
Often,
it is an incredibly hard life.
52
00:03:37,140 --> 00:03:41,860
It's a 600km journey from
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia's capital,
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00:03:41,860 --> 00:03:45,140
to the southern half
of the vast Gobi desert
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00:03:45,140 --> 00:03:48,220
and deep into
the Three Beauties mountain range.
55
00:03:56,180 --> 00:03:58,860
I want to know
what's keeping nomads here.
56
00:04:00,140 --> 00:04:04,980
The family I'm staying with move
four times a year with the seasons.
57
00:04:04,980 --> 00:04:08,020
At 2,500 metres above sea level,
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00:04:08,020 --> 00:04:10,140
this is their spring camp.
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00:04:15,100 --> 00:04:16,420
TOGETHER: Sain baina uu.
60
00:04:21,100 --> 00:04:22,460
I am Kate.
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00:04:24,500 --> 00:04:26,620
Kate. Hello. Sain baina uu.
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00:04:27,500 --> 00:04:29,180
Odnor and...?
63
00:04:30,780 --> 00:04:32,780
Chimed. Chimed.
64
00:04:32,780 --> 00:04:33,860
Chimed.
65
00:04:33,860 --> 00:04:37,700
Thank you for inviting me
to stay with your family.
66
00:04:42,780 --> 00:04:48,180
Chimed is 78
and the head of a large family.
67
00:04:48,180 --> 00:04:50,100
She has ten children.
68
00:04:50,100 --> 00:04:53,420
Her youngest daughter,
Odnor, lives with her.
69
00:04:53,420 --> 00:04:56,980
Can I have a look around?
Will you show me around?
70
00:04:58,020 --> 00:04:59,020
OK.
71
00:04:59,020 --> 00:05:00,100
What is happening?
72
00:05:01,220 --> 00:05:03,300
Odnor is married to Serego,
73
00:05:03,300 --> 00:05:06,420
and Chimed's youngest son, Battsog,
is staying with them
74
00:05:06,420 --> 00:05:09,380
to help with
the busy cashmere wool harvest.
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00:05:11,020 --> 00:05:13,460
GOAT BLEATS LOUDLY
76
00:05:13,460 --> 00:05:16,860
Don't they make
the most terrible noise?
77
00:05:16,860 --> 00:05:18,740
Oh-oh, look at these!
78
00:05:19,860 --> 00:05:22,620
The family own
an impressive 200 goats,
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00:05:22,620 --> 00:05:26,820
150 sheep
and over 100 yaks and horses.
80
00:05:26,820 --> 00:05:28,860
So, these Kashmir? Goat?
81
00:05:40,260 --> 00:05:41,260
He's hungry.
82
00:05:42,700 --> 00:05:46,140
You can just see some lovely
83
00:05:46,140 --> 00:05:49,180
black and brown and white dots
on the hillside.
84
00:05:50,860 --> 00:05:54,260
And that's all the adults coming in.
85
00:05:54,260 --> 00:05:57,100
So, all these little ones
are going to get a feed in a minute.
86
00:05:59,380 --> 00:06:00,940
So, it will get very noisy.
87
00:06:00,940 --> 00:06:02,380
Baah! Baah!
88
00:06:08,500 --> 00:06:11,220
The animals are like the family's
bank account,
89
00:06:11,220 --> 00:06:15,020
their meat and milk providing food
and their wool an income.
90
00:06:15,020 --> 00:06:19,380
In Mongolia, they're key
to nomadic success or failure.
91
00:06:28,780 --> 00:06:31,460
Are there many wolves in this area?
92
00:06:33,300 --> 00:06:34,300
Oh, dear.
93
00:06:34,300 --> 00:06:37,500
I'm not allowed
any more goats at home.
94
00:06:37,500 --> 00:06:39,940
But I might have to make
an exception.
95
00:06:41,820 --> 00:06:43,580
Beautiful!
96
00:06:43,580 --> 00:06:46,940
They all live in this communal tent
known as a ger.
97
00:06:46,940 --> 00:06:50,300
It's their kitchen,
living room and bedroom.
98
00:06:57,100 --> 00:06:59,340
Has this always been your home?
99
00:07:19,300 --> 00:07:22,060
Chimed grew up
during the communist era,
100
00:07:22,060 --> 00:07:25,980
working on a state farm with
her husband, who died two years ago.
101
00:07:28,180 --> 00:07:32,380
Their return to nomadism in
the 1990s revived a long heritage...
102
00:07:33,780 --> 00:07:36,260
..and Chimed proudly displays
her family's heirlooms
103
00:07:36,260 --> 00:07:37,820
in the roof of the ger.
104
00:07:58,380 --> 00:07:59,740
It's beautiful.
105
00:08:14,220 --> 00:08:16,380
Well, this is my wedding ring.
106
00:08:16,380 --> 00:08:22,420
This ring belonged
to my husband's grandmother.
107
00:08:22,420 --> 00:08:28,020
And inside there is engraved
the word "twelfth".
108
00:08:29,700 --> 00:08:33,700
And she was married
on 12th September.
109
00:08:34,780 --> 00:08:38,740
My parents also got married
on 12th September.
110
00:08:38,740 --> 00:08:42,700
And me and my husband got married
on the 12th September.
111
00:08:42,700 --> 00:08:46,300
So, three generations got married
on the same day.
112
00:08:46,300 --> 00:08:47,500
So, it's very special.
113
00:09:09,820 --> 00:09:12,900
Life is fragile out here
in the Gobi.
114
00:09:12,900 --> 00:09:15,580
It's vital to keep
their animals safe,
115
00:09:15,580 --> 00:09:18,460
especially at this time
with the newborns,
116
00:09:18,460 --> 00:09:22,060
like this gorgeous two-day-old foal,
the first of the year.
117
00:09:26,780 --> 00:09:30,020
If those family heirlooms
remind them of their past,
118
00:09:30,020 --> 00:09:33,620
this new foal is a potent symbol
of their future.
119
00:09:47,260 --> 00:09:49,460
It's the most magical place.
120
00:09:53,340 --> 00:09:55,380
The film crew and I are camping
121
00:09:55,380 --> 00:09:58,300
a few hundred metres up the valley
from the family.
122
00:10:02,300 --> 00:10:06,700
Clearly, this is a way of life
that is very precious.
123
00:10:07,980 --> 00:10:11,460
And they're here with dignity.
124
00:10:11,460 --> 00:10:13,540
They're not living
in abject poverty.
125
00:10:15,020 --> 00:10:17,580
There just seems to be
a huge amount of...
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00:10:19,340 --> 00:10:22,980
..a sort of, well,
I think pride is the only word
I can think of, really,
127
00:10:22,980 --> 00:10:25,660
in the way that they live this life.
128
00:10:31,940 --> 00:10:34,740
DOG BARKS
129
00:10:50,020 --> 00:10:52,020
It's ten to six.
130
00:10:55,740 --> 00:10:57,300
First morning...
131
00:10:58,340 --> 00:10:59,980
..waking up in the Gobi.
132
00:11:02,100 --> 00:11:03,460
Here we are.
133
00:11:03,460 --> 00:11:05,500
Morning, everyone.
134
00:11:08,900 --> 00:11:10,780
I can't do this...!
135
00:11:11,940 --> 00:11:13,380
There's not a sound.
136
00:11:13,380 --> 00:11:15,460
It's so quiet.
137
00:11:15,460 --> 00:11:18,700
I haven't even washed my face
for you. I'm so sorry.
138
00:11:20,220 --> 00:11:23,540
Meeting the family yesterday, which
is always quite nerve-racking...
139
00:11:25,300 --> 00:11:28,460
..because it's a big leap.
140
00:11:30,500 --> 00:11:34,340
You're kind of just stepping
into their lives
141
00:11:34,340 --> 00:11:36,700
and hoping
that they might take you in.
142
00:11:36,700 --> 00:11:38,380
And, er...
143
00:11:39,780 --> 00:11:41,220
..that's a big ask.
144
00:11:41,220 --> 00:11:45,060
But it was just a really lovely,
lovely start.
145
00:11:47,100 --> 00:11:48,780
GOATS BLEAT
146
00:11:56,380 --> 00:11:59,500
Every morning begins
with rounding up the animals.
147
00:11:59,500 --> 00:12:01,980
The relationship between
man and beast
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00:12:01,980 --> 00:12:05,180
is the bedrock of nomadism
and goes back millennia.
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00:12:09,980 --> 00:12:11,420
CHIMED SNEEZES
150
00:12:11,420 --> 00:12:12,700
Bless you!
151
00:12:16,780 --> 00:12:20,580
But Chimed and her family enjoy some
of life's modern amenities, too.
152
00:12:21,860 --> 00:12:24,060
And what do you run off here?
153
00:12:29,580 --> 00:12:33,460
Most nomads in Mongolia
are embracing modernity.
154
00:12:33,460 --> 00:12:37,060
Why not? If it makes a tough life
that little bit easier,
155
00:12:37,060 --> 00:12:38,940
whether it be a solar panel
156
00:12:38,940 --> 00:12:42,420
or a four-by-four to help
fetch the water from the local well.
157
00:12:44,660 --> 00:12:49,100
From their current camp, it's an
8km round trip every three days.
158
00:12:50,500 --> 00:12:53,540
Before you had a car,
159
00:12:53,540 --> 00:12:55,340
so maybe when you were a child,
160
00:12:55,340 --> 00:12:57,980
how would you have collected
the water then?
161
00:13:19,740 --> 00:13:22,140
Oh, so, here's the well, here.
162
00:13:34,420 --> 00:13:36,380
I can't move it on my own.
163
00:13:37,620 --> 00:13:38,820
OK, ready?
164
00:13:47,380 --> 00:13:49,780
THEY STRAIN HARD TOGETHER
165
00:13:49,780 --> 00:13:51,780
Wow, this is not easy!
166
00:13:55,980 --> 00:13:57,580
KATE:
167
00:14:15,420 --> 00:14:18,900
The adult goats and sheep
are separated from their young,
168
00:14:18,900 --> 00:14:21,260
so they can graze
on the surrounding mountains.
169
00:14:27,300 --> 00:14:30,220
The four-by-four was perfect
for fetching water,
170
00:14:30,220 --> 00:14:33,500
but to follow the herd,
nothing beats a horse.
171
00:14:33,500 --> 00:14:35,740
This is the most extraordinary
saddle.
172
00:14:35,740 --> 00:14:39,820
I feel very perched up,
very upright and rather elegant.
173
00:14:39,820 --> 00:14:41,660
But only when I'm standing still.
174
00:14:41,660 --> 00:14:44,820
So, you want me to keep
the reins short? OK.
175
00:14:48,940 --> 00:14:50,500
OK, yeah.
176
00:14:52,580 --> 00:14:54,180
And feet forward?
177
00:14:54,180 --> 00:14:55,820
Right...
178
00:14:55,820 --> 00:14:59,260
If I can walk by the end of today,
it'll be a miracle.
179
00:14:59,260 --> 00:15:00,420
OK.
180
00:15:06,220 --> 00:15:09,260
Mongolians are famed
for their horsemanship
181
00:15:09,260 --> 00:15:13,060
and, like Odnor, most learn to ride
from the age of four.
182
00:15:13,060 --> 00:15:15,020
Back in the 12th century,
183
00:15:15,020 --> 00:15:18,100
it was horsepower that helped
Mongol warlord Genghis Khan
184
00:15:18,100 --> 00:15:21,980
create one of the largest empires
the world has ever known.
185
00:15:23,540 --> 00:15:26,700
Horse is, er, mur.
186
00:15:28,900 --> 00:15:30,140
Yama?
187
00:15:30,140 --> 00:15:31,540
Yama, goat. Goat.
188
00:15:34,180 --> 00:15:36,300
Khon, sheep. Khon.
189
00:15:38,660 --> 00:15:42,740
Today, we're using horses to help
keep an eye on the livestock
190
00:15:42,740 --> 00:15:44,860
and to protect them from predators,
191
00:15:44,860 --> 00:15:47,380
foxes, wolves and snow leopards,
192
00:15:47,380 --> 00:15:49,460
that roam these bleak mountains.
193
00:15:49,460 --> 00:15:51,620
Mountain. Mountain. Yeah.
194
00:15:51,620 --> 00:15:53,060
Mountain. Mountain. Mountain.
195
00:15:55,940 --> 00:15:58,980
So, yama is goat.
196
00:15:58,980 --> 00:16:00,620
And I've been teaching her English.
197
00:16:00,620 --> 00:16:03,620
So, what is yama? Yama, goat.
198
00:16:03,620 --> 00:16:06,820
Goat, you see? Yeah.
So, we've been teaching each other.
199
00:16:06,820 --> 00:16:08,540
Khon?
200
00:16:08,540 --> 00:16:10,100
Sheep. Sheep.
201
00:16:10,100 --> 00:16:11,940
We're getting good!
202
00:16:13,380 --> 00:16:15,300
And mur?
203
00:16:15,300 --> 00:16:16,740
Horse.
204
00:16:16,740 --> 00:16:18,020
See?
205
00:16:18,020 --> 00:16:20,340
So, yeah. So, I've just had
a little language lesson.
206
00:16:21,620 --> 00:16:23,060
I am practically local.
207
00:16:24,180 --> 00:16:25,620
Right. Oh, my goodness...
208
00:16:25,620 --> 00:16:28,380
Odnor spends much of the day
watching the flock,
209
00:16:28,380 --> 00:16:32,300
but also finds time to do her
beautiful and intricate sewing.
210
00:16:32,300 --> 00:16:35,020
Did Chimed teach you to sew?
211
00:16:40,380 --> 00:16:44,460
So, do the men sew as well?
Will your husband sew?
212
00:16:50,980 --> 00:16:54,220
Actually, my husband,
he is better than me.
213
00:16:55,340 --> 00:16:56,660
He's good.
214
00:16:56,660 --> 00:16:58,420
He has a sewing machine.
215
00:16:58,420 --> 00:17:00,460
KATE IMITATES A SEWING MACHINE
216
00:17:00,460 --> 00:17:04,380
So, is it always your job
to come out with the sheep?
217
00:17:11,900 --> 00:17:14,580
I haven't met your son yet.
218
00:17:14,580 --> 00:17:20,140
Does he not live with you
and Chimed?
219
00:17:30,020 --> 00:17:32,860
So, who looks after them
in Dalanzadgad?
220
00:17:36,660 --> 00:17:39,980
Odnor's children, aged 15 and 13,
221
00:17:39,980 --> 00:17:43,380
only come home during holidays
and for special occasions.
222
00:17:44,820 --> 00:17:46,860
So, did you do the same?
223
00:17:54,580 --> 00:17:58,500
Under the old communist system,
a strict education policy
224
00:17:58,500 --> 00:18:01,740
helped achieve one of the highest
literacy rates in the world.
225
00:18:04,540 --> 00:18:06,300
It continues today.
226
00:18:06,300 --> 00:18:08,300
But to get an education,
227
00:18:08,300 --> 00:18:11,420
children must still go
to the local towns and cities.
228
00:18:11,420 --> 00:18:13,700
And as those cities grow,
229
00:18:13,700 --> 00:18:16,300
young people are being drawn
to the modern world
230
00:18:16,300 --> 00:18:18,860
and away from their nomadic culture.
231
00:18:30,940 --> 00:18:35,980
And your children, Odnor,
will they be nomads?
232
00:19:15,020 --> 00:19:18,900
I suppose what I'm gradually
unpicking about this way of life
233
00:19:18,900 --> 00:19:23,820
is, you know, Odnor went to school,
but she's chosen to live this life.
234
00:19:23,820 --> 00:19:26,980
You know, no-one's stopping
anybody progressing,
235
00:19:26,980 --> 00:19:31,060
but I think they are aware
that their knowledge is meaningful.
236
00:19:31,060 --> 00:19:34,740
Erm, but it does allow them
to survive
237
00:19:34,740 --> 00:19:38,700
and it allows them
to live a life that they choose.
238
00:19:38,700 --> 00:19:40,980
They want to live this life.
239
00:19:40,980 --> 00:19:43,700
Erm, they have an option
to be somewhere else
240
00:19:43,700 --> 00:19:45,460
and yet they want to be here.
241
00:20:03,380 --> 00:20:06,660
Today's a big occasion
in the nomads' calendar.
242
00:20:10,580 --> 00:20:14,260
All of Chimed's sons, daughters and
grandchildren have come together.
243
00:20:17,420 --> 00:20:21,780
Every year, the family unites
to castrate the young male animals.
244
00:20:23,700 --> 00:20:29,060
Did you learn from your father
how to do the castration?
245
00:21:00,020 --> 00:21:01,500
It's for you.
246
00:21:10,980 --> 00:21:13,060
Now I can come and sit beside you.
247
00:21:14,660 --> 00:21:17,420
First, it's the young stallions.
248
00:21:21,180 --> 00:21:24,620
How often do your family
all get together?
249
00:21:24,620 --> 00:21:26,180
When do you see everybody?
250
00:21:49,780 --> 00:21:52,300
HE GRUNTS WITH EFFORT
251
00:21:52,300 --> 00:21:54,660
Next, the goats and lambs.
252
00:22:04,340 --> 00:22:07,980
All the smoke around here,
as far as I can gather,
253
00:22:07,980 --> 00:22:11,020
is almost like
a sort of healing smoke.
254
00:22:11,020 --> 00:22:14,700
Again, very much part
of this ceremony.
255
00:22:14,700 --> 00:22:16,420
LAMB BLEATS
256
00:22:19,180 --> 00:22:21,060
It's a lot easier than a horse.
257
00:22:36,340 --> 00:22:39,140
With a quick blessing,
the lamb's released.
258
00:22:39,140 --> 00:22:40,620
It may look harsh,
259
00:22:40,620 --> 00:22:43,660
but Battsog's doing it
with real respect for his animals.
260
00:22:44,780 --> 00:22:46,220
Oh, dear...
261
00:22:47,300 --> 00:22:50,300
It's a rite of passage.
Think of it that way.
262
00:22:50,300 --> 00:22:51,780
LAMB BLEATS
263
00:22:53,780 --> 00:22:58,180
The iron-rich testicles are believed
to have health-giving properties.
264
00:22:58,180 --> 00:23:01,700
But the real treat is to boil them
in salted water with yellow rice
265
00:23:01,700 --> 00:23:03,100
to make a rich soup.
266
00:23:06,700 --> 00:23:09,220
There's a lot here.
I think I've got more than my share.
267
00:23:10,260 --> 00:23:11,420
Erm...
268
00:23:12,940 --> 00:23:14,780
Looks like hundreds!
269
00:23:14,780 --> 00:23:16,940
I've got... So, these...
270
00:23:19,980 --> 00:23:21,820
You just do that? Really?
271
00:23:21,820 --> 00:23:23,220
Ah!
272
00:23:25,060 --> 00:23:27,460
OK, now you've done it,
I'm going to have to do it.
273
00:23:27,460 --> 00:23:28,700
Mine's bigger than yours!
274
00:23:31,220 --> 00:23:33,180
This one? Like that?
275
00:23:37,700 --> 00:23:39,980
Oh, don't make me laugh.
It'll be a disaster.
276
00:23:39,980 --> 00:23:41,260
OK, ready?
277
00:23:47,020 --> 00:23:48,980
Actually, that's quite good.
278
00:23:50,340 --> 00:23:53,140
It's not chewy at all.
It's very soft and rather delicious.
279
00:23:53,140 --> 00:23:56,580
Oh, my goodness!
My poor little lambs at home...
280
00:23:56,580 --> 00:23:58,620
They've got very fine testicles
at the moment.
281
00:23:58,620 --> 00:24:02,220
I wasn't going to castrate them
this year and now, maybe I will!
282
00:24:04,820 --> 00:24:06,780
No, no, you must give everyone else.
283
00:24:47,260 --> 00:24:50,540
Today, I'm going 15km
down the valley
284
00:24:50,540 --> 00:24:52,820
to visit Odnor's sister Suren.
285
00:24:54,860 --> 00:24:58,140
She and her husband, Tsengel,
are still in their winter quarters,
286
00:24:58,140 --> 00:25:01,380
in a sheltered spot
on the edge of the mountains.
287
00:25:01,380 --> 00:25:04,100
Tomorrow, they're moving
to their spring camp.
288
00:25:10,260 --> 00:25:11,900
Hi, Suren!
289
00:25:14,500 --> 00:25:15,740
How are you?
290
00:25:18,380 --> 00:25:20,660
Like most nomads in the Gobi,
291
00:25:20,660 --> 00:25:24,660
Suren and Tsengel move
to the same spring camp every year.
292
00:25:24,660 --> 00:25:26,620
It's deep in the mountains
293
00:25:26,620 --> 00:25:29,140
and at this time
should be full of fresh grass.
294
00:25:30,380 --> 00:25:33,740
Looking around,
there are animals everywhere.
295
00:25:33,740 --> 00:25:37,780
It must be quite hard
herding them around here.
296
00:25:37,780 --> 00:25:41,140
It looks like they can go right up
into the mountains.
297
00:25:41,140 --> 00:25:42,860
You must be very fit.
298
00:25:46,740 --> 00:25:49,140
Good calf muscles,
running up the hills.
299
00:25:52,540 --> 00:25:54,380
OK.
300
00:25:57,580 --> 00:25:59,020
Hello, dog.
301
00:26:03,900 --> 00:26:06,980
So, you all seem very relaxed
302
00:26:06,980 --> 00:26:10,820
for a family who is about to pack up
your whole house and move.
303
00:26:10,820 --> 00:26:17,020
How do you decide when to move
from this, your winter quarters,
304
00:26:17,020 --> 00:26:20,340
to your spring and summer quarters?
305
00:26:40,860 --> 00:26:44,140
If you didn't move,
would you feel that you'd lost
306
00:26:44,140 --> 00:26:47,180
some very important part
of your identity?
307
00:27:04,460 --> 00:27:06,260
Oh, thank you.
308
00:27:13,940 --> 00:27:16,220
We're all sleeping in
Suren's ger tonight,
309
00:27:16,220 --> 00:27:19,860
the crew and I, Suren and her
family, all squashed together.
310
00:27:36,300 --> 00:27:39,340
I have a thing about
communal sleeping.
311
00:27:41,420 --> 00:27:44,060
I just think sleeping
is something that should be
312
00:27:44,060 --> 00:27:45,700
kind of quite a private thing.
313
00:27:45,700 --> 00:27:47,820
You know, you've sort of been
with people all day.
314
00:27:47,820 --> 00:27:50,340
I wasn't really
looking forward to it.
315
00:27:51,340 --> 00:27:52,380
But...
316
00:27:54,420 --> 00:27:58,260
Well, to put it very simply,
I slept incredibly well.
317
00:27:58,260 --> 00:28:00,100
It was lovely and warm.
318
00:28:00,100 --> 00:28:03,100
Erm, everyone was very well behaved.
319
00:28:03,100 --> 00:28:07,180
There was no nasty smells or noises
to keep anyone awake.
320
00:28:08,220 --> 00:28:10,020
And what a beautiful morning.
321
00:28:22,740 --> 00:28:25,860
With a busy day ahead,
everyone's lending a hand.
322
00:28:25,860 --> 00:28:29,100
Suren's brother-in-law, Serego,
has brought his truck.
323
00:28:44,380 --> 00:28:46,140
Do you want a hand, Suren?
324
00:28:47,580 --> 00:28:49,620
Shall we put it on the back?
325
00:28:49,620 --> 00:28:52,100
The ger's an amazingly simple
structure,
326
00:28:52,100 --> 00:28:55,580
with a canvas outer to protect
against the wind and the rain,
327
00:28:55,580 --> 00:28:57,500
a warm felted sheep-wool liner
328
00:28:57,500 --> 00:29:00,460
and a wooden frame
to hold it all up.
329
00:29:00,460 --> 00:29:02,260
So, what next?
330
00:29:09,140 --> 00:29:10,860
Isn't it funny?
331
00:29:10,860 --> 00:29:14,020
Men always have to pack the car.
Always.
332
00:29:17,060 --> 00:29:18,900
Oh...!
333
00:29:20,780 --> 00:29:23,100
Last on the truck
are the youngest animals
334
00:29:23,100 --> 00:29:25,740
that can't make the arduous journey
on foot.
335
00:29:27,180 --> 00:29:30,660
That's so clever.
That's just genius.
336
00:29:35,300 --> 00:29:38,220
There is something lovely
about that ability
337
00:29:38,220 --> 00:29:40,860
to be able to up sticks and go
whenever you feel like it.
338
00:29:43,100 --> 00:29:47,300
As long, obviously, as it's the Day
of the Dog, the Cock or the Horse,
339
00:29:47,300 --> 00:29:48,780
I think.
340
00:29:50,180 --> 00:29:52,220
It's taken less than four hours
341
00:29:52,220 --> 00:29:55,460
to pack the entirety
of Suren and Tsengel's home.
342
00:29:56,700 --> 00:30:00,380
Once, a herd of yaks would have
carried it over the mountains.
343
00:30:00,380 --> 00:30:03,180
Today, it all fits onto
Serego's truck.
344
00:30:04,420 --> 00:30:07,260
But their most valuable possession,
the herd,
345
00:30:07,260 --> 00:30:09,860
is still driven the traditional way,
346
00:30:09,860 --> 00:30:11,500
by horse.
347
00:30:19,620 --> 00:30:22,420
This is a wonderful experience.
348
00:30:24,060 --> 00:30:26,100
But it wasn't this romantic view
349
00:30:26,100 --> 00:30:29,300
that brought so many nomads
back to this way of life
350
00:30:29,300 --> 00:30:32,020
after communism collapsed
in the 1990s.
351
00:30:33,700 --> 00:30:36,300
High inflation and food shortages
352
00:30:36,300 --> 00:30:39,660
made life in towns and settlements
unbearable.
353
00:30:39,660 --> 00:30:44,540
So, families like Suren's chose to
return to nomadism in the desert.
354
00:30:46,940 --> 00:30:49,940
After four hours'
heading steadily uphill,
355
00:30:49,940 --> 00:30:52,540
finally, fresh mountain pasture.
356
00:31:01,780 --> 00:31:05,340
It's been a daylong
10km ride over the mountains
357
00:31:05,340 --> 00:31:07,140
to get to the spring camp.
358
00:31:17,140 --> 00:31:18,140
Oh, very good.
359
00:31:20,100 --> 00:31:23,460
Home-made gers, like this one,
are found across Asia.
360
00:31:30,900 --> 00:31:34,060
It faces south,
so it gets the warmth of the sun
361
00:31:34,060 --> 00:31:36,780
and is away from
the prevailing bad weather.
362
00:31:38,460 --> 00:31:42,340
A ger is often given to
a young couple when they get married
363
00:31:42,340 --> 00:31:44,620
and they'll use it
for the rest of their life.
364
00:31:46,100 --> 00:31:49,540
Are you happy with your new home,
with your new spot?
365
00:31:55,180 --> 00:31:56,380
Yeah.
366
00:31:57,780 --> 00:32:00,340
I could live with this view,
I have to say.
367
00:32:00,340 --> 00:32:02,620
THEY BOTH LAUGH
368
00:32:02,620 --> 00:32:05,460
It's pretty special, it really is.
369
00:32:26,020 --> 00:32:29,820
The next day, back at Chimed's,
there's sad news.
370
00:32:30,700 --> 00:32:35,100
Under cover of darkness, wolves have
killed the beautiful young foal.
371
00:32:42,380 --> 00:32:46,300
Do you lose a lot of your livestock
to wolves?
372
00:33:12,820 --> 00:33:16,700
If you find where the wolf is,
what will you do?
373
00:33:42,980 --> 00:33:46,620
But Battsog also believes that
predators bring some benefits.
374
00:34:15,900 --> 00:34:19,300
I don't know what I'd do if I was in
his situation. I simply don't know.
375
00:34:20,900 --> 00:34:22,580
He's the one that lives here.
376
00:34:22,580 --> 00:34:24,780
He's the one whose livestock
are being killed.
377
00:34:26,460 --> 00:34:27,940
I can't...
378
00:34:27,940 --> 00:34:30,860
I can't stand here and say,
"Don't kill that wolf."
379
00:34:30,860 --> 00:34:32,380
It's not my place to.
380
00:34:57,980 --> 00:35:02,340
Odnor and Chimed are taking me
to their local stupa or shrine.
381
00:35:02,340 --> 00:35:07,340
It's 4km up the valley from their
camp, just below a holy mountain.
382
00:35:09,420 --> 00:35:11,580
It's a Buddhist place of worship.
383
00:35:13,140 --> 00:35:15,780
During communist rule,
Buddhism was banned
384
00:35:15,780 --> 00:35:18,180
and many temples were destroyed.
385
00:35:18,180 --> 00:35:21,500
But with its collapse,
Buddhist traditions returned
386
00:35:21,500 --> 00:35:24,940
and now Odnor and Chimed
can practise their beliefs openly.
387
00:35:32,620 --> 00:35:34,100
As we turn the wheel,
388
00:35:34,100 --> 00:35:37,900
our prayers drift out on the wind
and to the corners of the earth.
389
00:36:37,300 --> 00:36:41,540
Chimed's eldest daughter's camp
is just 500 metres down the valley.
390
00:36:48,020 --> 00:36:51,620
Tsitsigar has asked me
to help comb her Kashmir goats.
391
00:36:57,380 --> 00:37:02,980
After China, Mongolia is the world's
largest producer of cashmere.
392
00:37:02,980 --> 00:37:06,060
It comes from grooming out
the goats' winter hair.
393
00:37:06,060 --> 00:37:09,500
For nomads, like Tsitsigar,
it's an important cash crop.
394
00:37:17,300 --> 00:37:20,700
So, do you just do this
once a year?
395
00:37:32,740 --> 00:37:37,660
A kilo of raw cashmere sells for
around 70,000 tughriks, or ยฃ25.
396
00:37:38,980 --> 00:37:41,260
With her flock of 250 goats,
397
00:37:41,260 --> 00:37:44,700
Tsitsigar can earn
up to ยฃ4,500 a year.
398
00:37:46,900 --> 00:37:48,580
Tell you what, in another few days,
399
00:37:48,580 --> 00:37:51,020
you're going to have to do this
with my hair as well.
400
00:37:59,740 --> 00:38:03,980
As we comb the goats,
the weather outside turns.
401
00:38:03,980 --> 00:38:05,740
WIND HOWLS
402
00:38:14,340 --> 00:38:16,180
During spring in the Gobi,
403
00:38:16,180 --> 00:38:19,660
Mongolians talk of having
four seasons in one day,
404
00:38:19,660 --> 00:38:23,060
turning from a blue sky
to a snowstorm in minutes.
405
00:38:27,700 --> 00:38:31,260
But this blizzard's nothing
compared to the harsh winters,
406
00:38:31,260 --> 00:38:36,460
when fierce storms known as dzuds
often sweep in, decimating herds.
407
00:38:38,340 --> 00:38:42,580
In 2010, a severe storm
was estimated to have killed
408
00:38:42,580 --> 00:38:45,580
a staggering
eight-and-a-half million animals.
409
00:38:45,580 --> 00:38:50,100
Thousands of herding families were
forced to abandon their way of life.
410
00:38:52,940 --> 00:38:55,900
Tsitsigar may earn good money
from her cashmere,
411
00:38:55,900 --> 00:38:58,500
but one bad winter
could wipe her out.
412
00:39:01,700 --> 00:39:05,740
Do you hope
that this way of life, erm,
413
00:39:05,740 --> 00:39:10,900
will continue, say,
for your grandchildren's generation?
414
00:39:46,180 --> 00:39:48,820
Well, this is the view...
415
00:39:50,420 --> 00:39:53,620
..that's greeted me
from my tent flap this morning.
416
00:39:53,620 --> 00:39:54,900
Basically...
417
00:39:55,980 --> 00:39:57,420
..it's a whiteout.
418
00:39:58,740 --> 00:40:00,980
So, erm, I'm all wrapped up...
419
00:40:02,180 --> 00:40:04,100
..in every layer of clothing
I possess.
420
00:40:05,260 --> 00:40:08,020
Last night,
it was a pretty wild night.
421
00:40:09,260 --> 00:40:12,380
And at around 3.30,
422
00:40:12,380 --> 00:40:15,300
the dogs were going absolutely mad,
423
00:40:15,300 --> 00:40:17,860
which made me think,
424
00:40:17,860 --> 00:40:21,300
"I wonder if that means that
there's a lot of wolf activity?"
425
00:40:21,300 --> 00:40:26,180
I just wonder,
with all the commotion
that was going on last night,
426
00:40:26,180 --> 00:40:27,860
whether they did come back.
427
00:40:30,460 --> 00:40:34,460
Battsog decided to leave
the foal carcass out for the wolves.
428
00:40:34,460 --> 00:40:37,740
With cubs to feed, the chance
of them returning was high.
429
00:40:39,820 --> 00:40:43,860
So, it was an opportunity for us
to put out a night-vision camera
430
00:40:43,860 --> 00:40:46,300
to see if we could catch the wolves
in action.
431
00:40:46,300 --> 00:40:50,740
Erm, I just wanted to show you
what the camera found.
432
00:40:56,820 --> 00:40:58,100
Do you want to come and see?
433
00:40:58,100 --> 00:41:00,100
So, you can see
this is the foal here.
434
00:41:00,100 --> 00:41:01,500
DOGS BARK
435
00:41:01,500 --> 00:41:02,940
You can hear the dogs.
436
00:41:05,580 --> 00:41:07,180
But watch what happens...
437
00:42:23,500 --> 00:42:28,860
In the spring, everybody does say
the weather is, er, unpredictable.
438
00:42:29,980 --> 00:42:32,460
Or predictably unpredictable,
I suppose.
439
00:42:32,460 --> 00:42:36,860
And yesterday was a day
of blizzards and dust storms
440
00:42:36,860 --> 00:42:38,860
and freezing temperatures.
441
00:42:38,860 --> 00:42:41,260
And you literally couldn't
wear enough clothes.
442
00:42:41,260 --> 00:42:45,540
And we've woken up this morning
to the most beautiful sunshine
443
00:42:45,540 --> 00:42:48,580
and, erm, all of us,
444
00:42:48,580 --> 00:42:52,340
we're all in kind of
spring-clean mode.
445
00:42:52,340 --> 00:42:55,580
Lots of shaking out of sleeping bags
and washing of hair,
446
00:42:55,580 --> 00:42:58,140
which is a completely pointless
exercise
447
00:42:58,140 --> 00:42:59,740
because, in about two minutes,
448
00:42:59,740 --> 00:43:01,860
I'm going to be down the hill
with Odnor,
449
00:43:01,860 --> 00:43:03,940
sorting out her sheep
and covered in dust again.
450
00:43:03,940 --> 00:43:06,020
But, you know,
a girl's got to try.
451
00:43:12,540 --> 00:43:15,580
We're heading off to the local town
of Dalanzadgad,
452
00:43:15,580 --> 00:43:18,180
to sell some of the family's
cashmere.
453
00:43:24,940 --> 00:43:28,780
It's a three-hour drive through
the mountains and spirits are high.
454
00:43:43,420 --> 00:43:46,060
I have a feeling this is going to be
a dangerous day,
455
00:43:46,060 --> 00:43:48,980
going to the big city
with two nomads.
456
00:43:50,220 --> 00:43:53,140
The last time they were in town
was over three months ago.
457
00:43:54,580 --> 00:43:57,740
So, before you had a car,
458
00:43:57,740 --> 00:44:02,300
would you go by horse to the town
to sell the cashmere?
459
00:44:23,660 --> 00:44:28,140
Dalanzadgad is the provincial
capital, with a population of
18,000.
460
00:44:28,140 --> 00:44:32,580
Like many urban areas in Mongolia,
it's growing rapidly,
461
00:44:32,580 --> 00:44:36,260
as the younger generation
is tempted by modern city life.
462
00:44:38,660 --> 00:44:40,740
But it's also home to former nomads,
463
00:44:40,740 --> 00:44:44,980
whose livelihoods were ruined
by the storms in 2010.
464
00:44:51,700 --> 00:44:54,420
Odnor and Serego
are meeting a cashmere trader
465
00:44:54,420 --> 00:44:56,020
by the side of the road.
466
00:45:05,700 --> 00:45:09,300
Mongolian cashmere is said to be
the finest in the world.
467
00:45:09,300 --> 00:45:11,380
The combed hair will be processed
468
00:45:11,380 --> 00:45:15,820
into the fine and highly prized
yarn in the capital, Ulaanbaatar.
469
00:45:20,100 --> 00:45:23,740
That's ยฃ250
for ten kilos of goat hair.
470
00:45:28,140 --> 00:45:32,020
Since the end of communism,
the production of cashmere has grown
471
00:45:32,020 --> 00:45:34,500
to become Mongolia's
second largest industry.
472
00:45:38,020 --> 00:45:41,180
Odnor and Sergo
take me to the local supermarket
473
00:45:41,180 --> 00:45:43,660
to spend
some of their hard-earned cash.
474
00:46:11,540 --> 00:46:14,340
For me, it's a very interesting idea
475
00:46:14,340 --> 00:46:16,300
that you can hang on
to your nomadism
476
00:46:16,300 --> 00:46:19,420
and your culture
and your traditions,
477
00:46:19,420 --> 00:46:21,140
which they most certainly have.
478
00:46:21,140 --> 00:46:24,140
But equally, you know,
they go to the supermarket
479
00:46:24,140 --> 00:46:25,900
and they buy a shedload of sweets.
480
00:46:26,940 --> 00:46:29,380
I think it's sort of rather
pragmatic nomadism.
481
00:46:37,100 --> 00:46:39,740
Mongolia's economy is booming.
482
00:46:39,740 --> 00:46:41,860
And not because of cashmere.
483
00:46:41,860 --> 00:46:45,140
Large mineral deposits
have been found beneath the Gobi
484
00:46:45,140 --> 00:46:48,060
and mining has become
the country's biggest industry.
485
00:46:48,980 --> 00:46:53,300
It's estimated that it will grow
by 30% over the next few years.
486
00:46:54,580 --> 00:46:57,260
This new-found wealth
is having a negative impact
487
00:46:57,260 --> 00:46:58,420
on Mongolia's nomads.
488
00:46:59,660 --> 00:47:02,900
Do you think that
more and more people
489
00:47:02,900 --> 00:47:06,140
will be tempted away
from nomadic life
490
00:47:06,140 --> 00:47:10,140
and go into mining
and into industry
491
00:47:10,140 --> 00:47:11,540
and move to the cities?
492
00:47:42,100 --> 00:47:46,340
It's hardly surprising that young
people are being tempted away,
493
00:47:46,340 --> 00:47:50,700
when the mining sector
pays up to $2,000 a month,
494
00:47:50,700 --> 00:47:53,660
13 times what most herders can make.
495
00:48:11,180 --> 00:48:14,380
But this family has a large
and valuable herd.
496
00:48:14,380 --> 00:48:16,220
As well as goats and sheep,
497
00:48:16,220 --> 00:48:20,260
they are the proud owners of a fine
collection of horses and yaks.
498
00:48:29,260 --> 00:48:33,460
Yaks are supremely adapted to life
in this harsh landscape.
499
00:48:34,500 --> 00:48:37,860
They used to carry the family's
possessions when they moved camp,
500
00:48:37,860 --> 00:48:41,140
but with four-by-fours and trucks
doing the hard work now,
501
00:48:41,140 --> 00:48:44,140
yaks are kept as a symbol
of pride and prestige,
502
00:48:44,140 --> 00:48:46,860
as well as for their milk and wool.
503
00:48:46,860 --> 00:48:48,660
That's fantastic.
504
00:48:48,660 --> 00:48:51,020
Just magnificent.
Magnificent scenery.
505
00:48:52,980 --> 00:48:55,380
There is nothing cooler than a yak.
506
00:48:56,580 --> 00:49:00,100
In two days' time, there's a yak
festival in a neighbouring valley
507
00:49:00,100 --> 00:49:02,940
and the whole herd will be on show.
508
00:49:08,020 --> 00:49:12,100
You look out at these, you know,
seemingly barren hills and think,
509
00:49:12,100 --> 00:49:15,740
"How on earth
do you keep livestock alive?"
510
00:49:15,740 --> 00:49:19,300
You know, these animals
are as canny as their owners,
511
00:49:19,300 --> 00:49:23,940
when it comes to making a living
out of this landscape.
512
00:49:25,300 --> 00:49:26,860
It's lovely to watch.
513
00:49:42,980 --> 00:49:46,860
The family have invited me
to go with them to the yak festival.
514
00:49:46,860 --> 00:49:49,140
But I need to be properly dressed.
515
00:49:53,300 --> 00:49:57,220
Odnor has made me a del,
a traditional Mongolian overcoat.
516
00:50:10,940 --> 00:50:12,660
It's amazing!
517
00:50:12,660 --> 00:50:14,980
She's very, very clever,
your daughter.
518
00:50:16,100 --> 00:50:18,820
So, do you think I look OK
for the yak festival?
519
00:50:22,020 --> 00:50:23,500
I won't let your family down?
520
00:50:37,460 --> 00:50:40,860
TRADITIONAL MONGOLIAN MUSIC
521
00:50:54,660 --> 00:50:58,740
It's the day of the much-anticipated
yak festival.
522
00:50:58,740 --> 00:51:02,020
TANNOY:
523
00:51:11,300 --> 00:51:14,060
Just how Mongolia
manages its transition
524
00:51:14,060 --> 00:51:16,220
to a modern global economy,
525
00:51:16,220 --> 00:51:19,260
yet maintains
its rich nomadic heritage,
526
00:51:19,260 --> 00:51:20,900
is a difficult balancing act.
527
00:51:22,700 --> 00:51:24,420
But festivals like this,
528
00:51:24,420 --> 00:51:26,820
set up by the regional government
to support nomads
529
00:51:26,820 --> 00:51:28,940
and to encourage tourism,
530
00:51:28,940 --> 00:51:30,780
are a step in the right direction.
531
00:51:32,460 --> 00:51:35,860
And they're a wonderful opportunity
for nomadic families
to come together.
532
00:51:36,940 --> 00:51:39,700
Do you speak English?
I do speak English.
533
00:51:39,700 --> 00:51:41,500
I want to speak English.
534
00:51:41,500 --> 00:51:43,620
You are! And doing it very well.
535
00:51:43,620 --> 00:51:46,300
I am study English. Yeah.
Do you understood?
536
00:51:46,300 --> 00:51:48,060
I understand completely.
537
00:51:49,460 --> 00:51:50,420
Very good!
538
00:51:58,660 --> 00:52:02,100
Over 300 yaks have been herded
into the valley.
539
00:52:02,100 --> 00:52:05,540
The festivities begin
with yak rodeo...
540
00:52:09,060 --> 00:52:10,420
SPECTATORS GASP
541
00:52:39,020 --> 00:52:40,540
CHEERING
542
00:52:50,980 --> 00:52:54,220
Next is a competition
for all the family.
543
00:52:54,220 --> 00:52:56,060
What do you want me to do?
544
00:53:12,580 --> 00:53:14,980
The men must catch a yak
and shear it,
545
00:53:14,980 --> 00:53:17,260
while we make a rope from its wool.
546
00:53:31,860 --> 00:53:33,300
Hold it tight? OK.
547
00:53:34,740 --> 00:53:37,140
We were a little bit slow.
548
00:53:37,140 --> 00:53:39,420
I'm sorry I couldn't help more.
549
00:53:41,540 --> 00:53:42,860
Yeah, it was hard on your hands.
550
00:53:42,860 --> 00:53:46,740
And now, like any good
Mongolian spring day,
551
00:53:46,740 --> 00:53:48,580
it's starting to snow...
552
00:53:55,260 --> 00:53:58,260
And in the grand tradition
of all country fairs,
553
00:53:58,260 --> 00:54:00,020
there are prizes galore.
554
00:54:00,020 --> 00:54:03,500
Tsitsigar has won
the best female yak.
555
00:54:03,500 --> 00:54:04,740
Whoo-hooo!
556
00:54:08,780 --> 00:54:10,660
Chimed looks so delighted.
557
00:54:10,660 --> 00:54:12,700
Look how proud she looks.
558
00:54:16,980 --> 00:54:19,220
This whole festival is about
559
00:54:19,220 --> 00:54:22,500
restoring yak herding
to this province
560
00:54:22,500 --> 00:54:26,100
and remembering how important
these animals are
561
00:54:26,100 --> 00:54:27,860
to the nomadic families here.
562
00:54:30,580 --> 00:54:35,660
But most of all, I've just had a
real sense of how nomadic families
563
00:54:35,660 --> 00:54:39,140
may live these very remote
and often isolated lives,
564
00:54:39,140 --> 00:54:43,900
but it doesn't mean that there isn't
a really strong sense of community
565
00:54:43,900 --> 00:54:46,060
and tradition and culture.
566
00:54:46,060 --> 00:54:48,060
And today has been all about that.
567
00:55:09,740 --> 00:55:11,420
With the festival over,
568
00:55:11,420 --> 00:55:14,740
my time with Chimed and her family
has come to an end, too.
569
00:55:18,500 --> 00:55:20,420
These look beautiful.
What are they called?
570
00:55:21,540 --> 00:55:22,860
Buuz? Uh-huh, buuz.
571
00:55:28,740 --> 00:55:30,420
Mm...!
572
00:55:30,420 --> 00:55:34,500
It seems like you've managed
to, erm,
573
00:55:34,500 --> 00:55:37,820
to partner in a very successful way
574
00:55:37,820 --> 00:55:40,620
tradition and modern life,
575
00:55:40,620 --> 00:55:44,660
without, er, affecting, erm,
576
00:55:44,660 --> 00:55:48,380
the sort of heart of nomadic life.
577
00:56:08,100 --> 00:56:09,580
Is it a good life?
578
00:56:28,860 --> 00:56:35,300
It's just been the most fantastic
privilege, er, to be here
579
00:56:35,300 --> 00:56:38,500
and I just wanted to say thank you.
580
00:56:47,900 --> 00:56:49,300
Aw...
581
00:56:49,300 --> 00:56:50,900
Don't say that.
582
00:56:51,940 --> 00:56:53,420
Thank you.
583
00:57:14,540 --> 00:57:15,900
Look at us!
584
00:57:27,300 --> 00:57:31,580
There's no doubt that nomads
across the globe are under threat
585
00:57:31,580 --> 00:57:35,660
and the odds are stacked against
their extraordinary way of life.
586
00:57:35,660 --> 00:57:39,020
But here in Mongolia, at least,
I'm cautiously optimistic.
587
00:57:40,460 --> 00:57:43,380
This is modern nomadism...
588
00:57:44,540 --> 00:57:48,220
..with all its traditions, with all
its cultures absolutely intact.
589
00:57:49,260 --> 00:57:53,180
But these are people
who are not shying away
from the modern world at all.
590
00:57:54,380 --> 00:57:56,740
Chimed and her family have shown me
591
00:57:56,740 --> 00:57:59,220
that there's a place
for nomads today
592
00:57:59,220 --> 00:58:01,820
and I'm really hopeful
that their descendants will be here
593
00:58:01,820 --> 00:58:03,660
in centuries to come.
594
00:58:03,660 --> 00:58:05,300
Thank you for everything.
595
00:58:05,300 --> 00:58:08,340
This is clearly not
an easy choice of life.
596
00:58:08,340 --> 00:58:11,380
Erm, and I think that's what
makes me admire them even more.
597
00:58:12,500 --> 00:58:16,260
They are nomads and they're
fantastically proud of that
598
00:58:16,260 --> 00:58:20,140
and they seem almost as much part
of this landscape
599
00:58:20,140 --> 00:58:22,700
as the mountains and
the birds of prey and the wolves.
47338
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