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DAVID ATTENBOROUGH:
The power of the sun drives the seasons,
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00:00:08,638 --> 00:00:10,913
transforming our planet.
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00:00:12,078 --> 00:00:15,468
Vast movements of ocean and air currents
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00:00:15,558 --> 00:00:18,356
bring dramatic change
throughout the year.
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00:00:22,758 --> 00:00:26,876
And in a few special places,
these seasonal changes
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00:00:26,958 --> 00:00:30,997
create some of the greatest
wildlife spectacles on Earth.
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The seas along the Pacific coast
of North America
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can be some of the richest
on the planet.
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These coastal waters
create the perfect conditions
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00:00:49,758 --> 00:00:52,795
for the greatest explosion
of life on Earth.
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It's driven by some of
the tiniest creatures.
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00:00:59,078 --> 00:01:03,515
As their numbers multiply,
they feed vast shoals of fish,
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00:01:03,598 --> 00:01:07,227
which in turn provide food
for ever larger hunters.
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Billions of lives will be shaped
by this immense bloom.
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And the mightiest hunter of them all
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has devised a remarkable way
to harvest this great feast.
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00:02:03,638 --> 00:02:05,947
It's January.
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Both land and sea are locked
in the depths of winter.
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(BIRDS CAWING)
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The seas along the coast of
Alaska and British Columbia
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can become the richest on Earth.
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But for the moment, they lie dormant.
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The time of great feasting
is many months away,
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00:02:34,918 --> 00:02:38,513
and a number of magical changes
must first take place.
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00:02:41,238 --> 00:02:45,277
The most crucial change
will be driven by the sun.
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00:02:47,518 --> 00:02:51,796
But now it is weak and offers little
to those trapped here for winter.
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This coastline,
a maze of islands and inlets
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carved by glaciers,
will also shape this great event.
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For now, it remains shrouded in cold.
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Only the toughest can survive.
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(WIND BLOWING)
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Steller's sea lions huddle together
to share warmth.
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It's 1 5 degrees below zero.
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They have little choice
but to suffer this,
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the coldest Alaskan winter on record.
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The shoals of fish they depend on
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spend winter in the deepest water.
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(SEA LION GRUNTING)
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For now the fishing is hard.
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(SEA LION GRUNTING)
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It's an unforgiving place
to raise a family.
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Conditions are so severe
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that mothers must suckle their young
for up to three years.
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For this pregnant sea lion,
the risks are even greater.
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The seas must come to life in good time
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for the arrival of her pup,
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and at this stage,
the odds don't look good.
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(WIND HOWLING)
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For now, all she can do is wait
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for the sun to bring change.
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These seas have the potential
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to be so rich at the height
of the great feast,
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that they will attract animals
from across the vast Pacific.
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And 3,000 miles away
in the waters of Hawaii,
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another mother is about to embark
on an epic journey.
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(HUMPBACK WHALE SINGING)
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This humpback whale
has already given birth.
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Her calf is just a few weeks old.
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He stays close to his mum.
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00:06:02,278 --> 00:06:04,428
(HUMPBACK WHALES SINGING)
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The difference between Hawaii
and Alaska could hardly be greater.
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These are calm, warm waters
with few predators,
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an ideal nursery for the youngster.
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The calf is now drinking
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400 litres of milk every day,
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building up strength
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for the long voyage
he'll soon have to undertake.
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More than 5,000 humpbacks
come to Hawaii each year.
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The males,
lured here in the hope of mating,
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compete among themselves
with great shows of strength.
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But none of these whales
can actually feed here,
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for these tropical waters
are comparatively lifeless.
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(WHALE ROARING)
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The ocean's greatest riches
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are only to be found in colder seas.
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So all these whales must return
to the North Pacific to feed.
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The playful calf suckles
from his mother every day.
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But she hasn't had anything to eat
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since she left Alaska
over four months ago,
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and she won't feed again
until she returns.
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Like the pregnant sea lion,
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this mother has to get her timing right.
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She must arrive in Alaska
for the moment when the seas
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are at their richest, full of fish.
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Their journey north
will take three months.
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00:09:08,198 --> 00:09:12,828
Back in Alaska,
the seas are starting to awaken.
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It's March,
and as the sun gathers strength,
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winter loosens its grip.
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00:09:30,078 --> 00:09:33,354
For the sea lions,
things are beginning to look up.
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The sun is drawing life from the depths.
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(SEA LIONS BLOWING AIR)
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With each passing day,
the sun warms the water for longer,
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penetrating deep into
the mineral-rich waters.
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00:10:01,198 --> 00:10:04,474
Fertilising nutrients of
phosphorous and nitrogen
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fuel a miraculous change
that is just beginning.
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Empty seas start to come to life.
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As we enter an enhanced view
of this microscopic world,
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we see the beginnings
of a magical transformation.
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Phytoplankton,
tiny floating plants, emerge.
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Each is scarcely bigger
that a speck of dust.
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But together, these plankton will bloom
in such immense numbers
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that they transform lifeless seas.
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00:11:00,118 --> 00:11:04,634
And whether that will happen this year
is yet to be determined.
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00:11:13,278 --> 00:11:17,669
All creatures here, from the sea lions
to the migrating whales,
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00:11:17,758 --> 00:11:21,353
ultimately depend on
these miniature plants.
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00:11:25,958 --> 00:11:29,712
For one creature that relies
directly on the plankton,
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this is the moment to emerge.
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00:11:36,678 --> 00:11:40,751
Pacific herring have spent the winter
in the depths of the fjords,
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00:11:40,838 --> 00:11:44,831
but they now rise up and
head for the shallow coast.
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00:11:46,118 --> 00:11:49,030
Stimulated by the sun
and the warming water,
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they gather
in their hundreds of millions.
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But they're not drawn here to feed.
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They're following
an irresistible urge to breed.
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Groups of males
sweep through the shallows
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and release their sperm
in vast, milky clouds.
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00:12:23,198 --> 00:12:27,396
The females follow,
covering the seabed with eggs.
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00:12:32,718 --> 00:12:34,754
Such a concentration of fish
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is just what the sea lions
have been waiting for.
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00:13:07,358 --> 00:13:09,314
The herring won't be here for long.
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00:13:09,398 --> 00:13:13,471
The sea lions must make the most
of the fishing while it lasts.
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00:13:19,038 --> 00:13:23,634
Other predators gather,
also hungry after the lean winter.
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This short-lived bounty
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00:13:31,638 --> 00:13:35,472
is a magnet
for millions of migrating birds.
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This is just the first brief course
in the great feast.
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00:14:02,718 --> 00:14:06,677
The herring spawning
will be over in a matter of days,
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00:14:06,758 --> 00:14:10,717
and the shoals of fish
will then scatter along the coast.
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00:14:15,198 --> 00:14:19,157
The herring have spawned
on an astonishing scale.
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00:14:22,598 --> 00:14:26,989
They turn hundreds of miles
of coastline white with spawn.
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00:14:29,798 --> 00:14:31,470
In this bay alone,
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00:14:31,558 --> 00:14:35,517
they have laid 800 billion eggs.
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00:14:44,838 --> 00:14:46,908
The herrings' spawning is so timed
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00:14:46,998 --> 00:14:49,796
that when the next generation hatch
in a few weeks
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00:14:49,878 --> 00:14:53,632
they'll be able to feed
on the growing plankton.
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00:15:01,558 --> 00:15:06,268
And this year, the herring
appear to have timed it just right.
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00:15:09,398 --> 00:15:11,514
The minute plant plankton,
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00:15:11,598 --> 00:15:14,749
the driving force behind
the seas' transformation,
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00:15:14,838 --> 00:15:16,829
are starting to bloom.
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00:15:18,518 --> 00:15:22,033
Great swathes of sea
grow green with life.
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00:15:29,598 --> 00:15:33,273
The humpbacks are still
out in the middle of the Pacific.
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00:15:36,198 --> 00:15:39,395
They've missed the first taste
of the great feast.
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00:15:42,598 --> 00:15:44,793
At just eight weeks old,
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the young calf must cross
the biggest ocean in the world.
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00:15:59,998 --> 00:16:03,911
His mother will only swim
as fast as her young calf.
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00:16:05,798 --> 00:16:09,188
As he tires,
she supports him from beneath.
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00:16:32,398 --> 00:16:34,832
She's been living off her fat reserves
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00:16:34,918 --> 00:16:37,307
for the last six months,
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00:16:37,398 --> 00:16:40,276
and has lost a third of her body weight.
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00:16:44,478 --> 00:16:46,787
She's close to starving.
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00:16:53,998 --> 00:16:55,750
(WHALES SPOUTING WATER)
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00:16:55,838 --> 00:16:59,751
It will be a further two months
before mother and son
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00:16:59,838 --> 00:17:03,035
reach their feeding grounds
in the North Pacific.
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00:17:08,958 --> 00:17:12,109
It's May, early summer in Alaska,
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00:17:12,198 --> 00:17:15,156
and the days are getting ever longer.
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00:17:18,358 --> 00:17:22,636
The sun continues to fuel
the growth of microscopic plants
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00:17:22,718 --> 00:17:25,107
that make up the plankton bloom.
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00:17:31,478 --> 00:17:35,266
They're joined by a growing community
of tiny animals...
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zooplankton.
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These are the first creatures
to feed on the bloom.
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00:17:57,078 --> 00:17:59,876
Over the coming months
they will multiply,
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00:17:59,958 --> 00:18:03,667
crowding the surface waters
in their trillions.
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00:18:03,758 --> 00:18:07,512
The next stage of
the great feast is underway.
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00:18:22,118 --> 00:18:26,555
All life here depends
on this plankton bloom.
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00:18:31,558 --> 00:18:34,356
The herring feed on it directly.
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00:18:34,438 --> 00:18:37,874
The greater the bloom,
the more abundant the shoals.
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00:18:44,798 --> 00:18:49,235
And the fish themselves
become food for the larger hunters.
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00:18:54,638 --> 00:18:58,187
But the shoals of herring
are now spread far and wide,
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and once again, for the sea lions
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00:19:00,798 --> 00:19:02,675
the fishing is tough.
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00:19:04,438 --> 00:19:07,350
They must venture further to find food.
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00:19:09,518 --> 00:19:13,067
But open water is a risky place to fish.
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00:19:18,758 --> 00:19:21,955
This male sea lion hunts alone.
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00:19:23,038 --> 00:19:26,997
He is three metres long
and a ton in weight.
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00:19:28,438 --> 00:19:30,747
Few would dare tackle him.
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00:19:36,358 --> 00:19:37,916
(SEA LION BLOWS AIR)
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00:19:48,558 --> 00:19:51,470
The smaller females travel as a group,
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00:19:51,558 --> 00:19:54,755
keeping a watchful eye
in all directions.
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00:19:58,678 --> 00:20:02,307
They know that killers lurk
in the depths.
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00:20:05,158 --> 00:20:08,753
The surface is
a dangerous place to linger,
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00:20:08,838 --> 00:20:11,830
especially if you're alone.
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00:20:37,398 --> 00:20:40,674
Orca. Killer whales.
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The sea lion is wounded,
but the killers keep their distance.
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00:20:51,078 --> 00:20:55,037
His powerful jaws are
still a threat to the hungry orca.
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00:20:59,198 --> 00:21:02,270
He struggles towards the safety of land.
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00:21:11,878 --> 00:21:14,517
But his injuries are slowing him down.
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00:21:25,518 --> 00:21:27,509
(ORCA CRASHING)
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00:21:40,278 --> 00:21:43,634
Blow by blow, they wear him down.
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00:21:57,038 --> 00:22:00,075
It's a carefully coordinated attack.
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00:22:05,718 --> 00:22:08,437
One killer distracts his attention,
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00:22:08,518 --> 00:22:11,316
while another hits his soft underside.
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00:22:26,398 --> 00:22:28,195
(ORCA CRASHING)
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00:22:34,078 --> 00:22:37,514
The richest seas on Earth
can be treacherous.
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00:22:43,598 --> 00:22:46,271
Orca attacks, although savage,
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00:22:46,358 --> 00:22:50,237
have little impact on the fate
of most sea lions.
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00:22:57,198 --> 00:23:00,554
Their survival depends
more on the tiny plankton
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00:23:00,638 --> 00:23:04,472
that sustains the great shoals of fish
on which they feed.
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00:23:13,398 --> 00:23:15,866
It's now late May.
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00:23:15,958 --> 00:23:20,110
The sunlight lasts for 1 7 hours a day.
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00:23:23,158 --> 00:23:26,036
But the bloom will need
more than just sun
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00:23:26,118 --> 00:23:28,552
if it's to reach its full extent.
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00:23:38,638 --> 00:23:42,756
Nutrients held in these waters
are continuously used up
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00:23:42,838 --> 00:23:45,272
as the bloom increases.
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00:23:47,518 --> 00:23:49,429
If they're exhausted too early,
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00:23:49,518 --> 00:23:53,147
the plankton will die
and the food chain will collapse.
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00:23:54,158 --> 00:23:56,513
The effects will be felt by all.
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00:24:03,318 --> 00:24:06,196
Meanwhile, on the sea lion colony,
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00:24:06,278 --> 00:24:08,633
new life is now arriving.
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00:24:10,718 --> 00:24:13,073
After a year carrying her pup,
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00:24:13,158 --> 00:24:15,991
this mother can at last give birth.
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00:24:18,518 --> 00:24:20,668
(SEA LIONS GRUNTING)
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00:24:34,158 --> 00:24:37,355
The pup is utterly dependant on his mum.
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00:24:39,558 --> 00:24:41,708
As he makes sense of his new world,
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00:24:41,798 --> 00:24:45,950
she encourages him
to take his first feed of milk.
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00:24:51,358 --> 00:24:55,146
The mother has waited
until early summer to have her baby -
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00:24:55,238 --> 00:24:58,628
such a small pup
would never survive the winter.
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00:25:02,238 --> 00:25:03,557
Along this coast,
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00:25:03,638 --> 00:25:07,108
thousands of pups are born
within a matter of weeks,
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00:25:07,198 --> 00:25:11,714
timed to coincide with the better
conditions that may lie ahead.
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00:25:14,238 --> 00:25:16,672
(SEA LIONS GRUNTING SOFTLY)
219
00:25:32,158 --> 00:25:35,548
The migrating humpbacks
are still weeks away from Alaska
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00:25:35,638 --> 00:25:37,913
and their first meal.
221
00:25:39,918 --> 00:25:41,510
(WHALE BLOWING AIR)
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00:25:42,598 --> 00:25:44,748
In these turbulent seas,
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00:25:44,838 --> 00:25:47,989
mother and calf must stay close.
224
00:26:00,398 --> 00:26:03,549
A huge Pacific storm is brewing
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00:26:03,638 --> 00:26:07,233
and heading straight for
the coast of British Columbia.
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00:26:09,918 --> 00:26:12,068
(WAVES CRASHING)
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00:26:25,398 --> 00:26:29,516
Directly in its path
lies the sea lion nursery.
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00:26:33,038 --> 00:26:36,189
The pups are now
at the mercy of the elements.
229
00:26:44,718 --> 00:26:48,108
The mothers must get their young
to the safety of higher ground,
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00:26:48,198 --> 00:26:50,587
if they can find it.
231
00:26:59,158 --> 00:27:01,035
(WAVES CRASHING)
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00:27:02,838 --> 00:27:06,672
In desperation,
a mother tries to drag her pup away
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00:27:06,758 --> 00:27:08,874
from the gathering tempest.
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00:27:36,438 --> 00:27:38,588
A pup swept into the water
235
00:27:38,678 --> 00:27:41,272
is unlikely to be seen again.
236
00:28:15,598 --> 00:28:19,750
As the seas begin to subside,
many have survived.
237
00:28:24,518 --> 00:28:27,032
But others have not.
238
00:28:49,358 --> 00:28:53,146
There's nothing this mother
could have done to save her pup.
239
00:29:14,198 --> 00:29:18,669
These mighty storms,
though devastating for some,
240
00:29:18,758 --> 00:29:21,955
bring fresh life to the great feast.
241
00:29:22,038 --> 00:29:23,994
(WATER RUSHING)
242
00:29:24,118 --> 00:29:26,029
When these storms hit the coast,
243
00:29:26,118 --> 00:29:28,393
they stir up vital nutrients
244
00:29:28,478 --> 00:29:32,676
into the surface waters,
nutrients that feed the plankton.
245
00:29:34,558 --> 00:29:37,948
Replenished seas combine
with the lengthening days
246
00:29:38,038 --> 00:29:40,677
to create a plankton explosion.
247
00:29:44,398 --> 00:29:46,673
And this has come just in time
248
00:29:46,758 --> 00:29:50,433
for those at the end
of an incredible journey.
249
00:30:06,318 --> 00:30:09,071
The humpbacks have arrived.
250
00:30:18,998 --> 00:30:22,468
After 3,000 miles, mother and calf
251
00:30:22,558 --> 00:30:26,551
have finally made it
to the coast of Alaska.
252
00:30:33,758 --> 00:30:38,274
They join other whales
that have also made the long voyage.
253
00:30:38,358 --> 00:30:42,954
But their journey isn't over,
for they have yet to feed.
254
00:30:48,398 --> 00:30:51,435
They're heading for
a particular stretch of coast
255
00:30:51,518 --> 00:30:53,474
deep in the network of channels,
256
00:30:53,558 --> 00:30:57,267
where they know they can find
the great shoals of herring.
257
00:31:00,398 --> 00:31:03,390
It's to these ancestral feeding grounds
258
00:31:03,478 --> 00:31:06,231
that the mother now guides her new calf.
259
00:31:12,038 --> 00:31:15,030
The unique geography of this coastline
260
00:31:15,118 --> 00:31:18,793
holds the final secret
to this great event.
261
00:31:23,358 --> 00:31:25,553
Glaciers have carved a landscape
262
00:31:25,638 --> 00:31:30,189
of deep fjords and islands
over tens of thousands of years.
263
00:31:37,878 --> 00:31:41,075
This patchwork creates a labyrinth
264
00:31:41,158 --> 00:31:45,231
through which powerful ocean
and tidal currents flow,
265
00:31:45,318 --> 00:31:48,993
bringing up the vital raw ingredients
needed for the bloom.
266
00:31:50,358 --> 00:31:53,316
It's as if an endless supply
of fertiliser
267
00:31:53,398 --> 00:31:55,548
is being added to the water.
268
00:31:59,438 --> 00:32:03,636
In other seas, the plankton
would be subsiding by now.
269
00:32:04,798 --> 00:32:08,029
But here the seas are
repeatedly invigorated,
270
00:32:08,118 --> 00:32:09,995
which fuels the plankton bloom
271
00:32:10,078 --> 00:32:12,990
time and again throughout the summer.
272
00:32:18,198 --> 00:32:20,666
And with the sun at its most powerful,
273
00:32:20,758 --> 00:32:22,714
all these elements combine
274
00:32:22,798 --> 00:32:26,632
to create a plankton bloom
of great intensity.
275
00:32:31,078 --> 00:32:34,673
In July, the ocean is alive.
276
00:32:38,238 --> 00:32:41,594
This floating community
of plants and animals
277
00:32:41,678 --> 00:32:44,476
is the basis for all life here,
278
00:32:44,558 --> 00:32:46,549
and a bloom of this intensity
279
00:32:46,638 --> 00:32:50,517
signals the start
of a truly great feast.
280
00:32:54,958 --> 00:32:57,518
Where this rich soup hits the sea bed,
281
00:32:57,598 --> 00:33:00,874
life carpets every available surface.
282
00:33:13,478 --> 00:33:18,154
The feasting begins
with millions of tiny mouths.
283
00:33:23,878 --> 00:33:28,668
Barnacles sift morsels of plankton
brought in on the currents.
284
00:33:30,638 --> 00:33:33,311
Many of these creatures
started their lives
285
00:33:33,398 --> 00:33:36,708
as part of the plankton
before reaching adulthood
286
00:33:36,798 --> 00:33:39,312
and settling on the sea floor.
287
00:33:45,798 --> 00:33:48,107
These animals are giants.
288
00:33:48,198 --> 00:33:50,428
They filter the plankton-rich water,
289
00:33:50,518 --> 00:33:53,954
growing larger here
than anywhere else in the world.
290
00:34:03,718 --> 00:34:07,631
Jellyfish gather, forming great swarms.
291
00:34:15,918 --> 00:34:20,036
They, too, eat the plankton,
rising to the surface
292
00:34:20,118 --> 00:34:22,586
where it is at its most abundant.
293
00:34:33,558 --> 00:34:37,233
By late summer,
the plankton bloom is so vast
294
00:34:37,318 --> 00:34:39,991
it radiates across the North Pacific.
295
00:34:43,838 --> 00:34:49,071
Blooms like these provide Earth
with over half of its oxygen.
296
00:34:51,238 --> 00:34:54,514
This bloom eclipses even
the Amazon rainforest
297
00:34:54,598 --> 00:34:57,510
in sheer abundance of plant life.
298
00:35:03,078 --> 00:35:04,989
And it is most intense
299
00:35:05,078 --> 00:35:09,515
where the ocean streams through
the maze of coastal waterways.
300
00:35:15,598 --> 00:35:19,193
The shoals of herring are now
at their most plentiful.
301
00:35:26,918 --> 00:35:28,988
After feeding through the summer months,
302
00:35:29,078 --> 00:35:32,229
the fish themselves are a good catch,
303
00:35:32,318 --> 00:35:35,833
the main target for predators
now gathering here.
304
00:35:50,598 --> 00:35:52,793
After enduring the bitter winter,
305
00:35:52,878 --> 00:35:56,666
the sea lions can enjoy the bounty
they've been waiting for.
306
00:36:12,278 --> 00:36:16,476
Hunting together,
they drive the herring to the surface.
307
00:36:30,838 --> 00:36:33,830
Then, with mesmerising grace,
308
00:36:33,918 --> 00:36:36,751
they pick off fish one by one.
309
00:37:04,758 --> 00:37:06,669
For a few short weeks,
310
00:37:06,758 --> 00:37:10,433
they'll have their share
of the great feast.
311
00:37:16,678 --> 00:37:20,466
Others arrive to feed
in the coastal waterways.
312
00:37:22,598 --> 00:37:24,509
(DOLPHINS CLICKING)
313
00:37:27,318 --> 00:37:30,390
Pacific white-sided dolphins.
314
00:37:35,398 --> 00:37:39,186
They dart in and snatch fish as they go.
315
00:37:43,878 --> 00:37:48,315
The tidal currents now
sweep herring up to the surface.
316
00:37:57,038 --> 00:38:00,792
Here, they're within
diving range of sea birds.
317
00:38:07,238 --> 00:38:10,355
Murres are the first to find the fish.
318
00:38:15,958 --> 00:38:18,028
The shoal twists and turns,
319
00:38:18,118 --> 00:38:20,837
trying to escape the surface dangers.
320
00:38:31,158 --> 00:38:35,390
But murres are so fast
they can even out-swim the herring.
321
00:38:37,318 --> 00:38:38,751
They head off the escape,
322
00:38:38,838 --> 00:38:43,593
making the shoal turn in on itself,
creating a bait ball.
323
00:38:50,118 --> 00:38:52,029
The birds corral the herring
324
00:38:52,118 --> 00:38:54,552
into an ever-tighter ball.
325
00:39:00,558 --> 00:39:03,436
But the commotion hasn't gone unnoticed.
326
00:39:06,558 --> 00:39:11,074
Gulls, ever the opportunists,
are the next to turn up.
327
00:39:17,558 --> 00:39:20,231
They can dive no more than a metre,
328
00:39:20,318 --> 00:39:23,116
so the fish are still out of reach.
329
00:39:26,718 --> 00:39:29,755
The murres only attack from beneath,
330
00:39:29,838 --> 00:39:32,557
trapping the fish against the surface.
331
00:39:39,038 --> 00:39:42,235
But they push the herring
within range of the gulls.
332
00:39:45,838 --> 00:39:47,874
It's a feeding frenzy.
333
00:40:12,278 --> 00:40:16,669
The table is set for
the mightiest predator of them all.
334
00:40:25,918 --> 00:40:29,672
The humpbacks have reached
their feeding grounds.
335
00:40:33,558 --> 00:40:36,152
After six months without a bite to eat,
336
00:40:36,238 --> 00:40:39,116
the humpbacks can finally
break their fast.
337
00:40:45,678 --> 00:40:50,547
The whales have learned to target
these ready-made balls of fish.
338
00:41:07,878 --> 00:41:10,346
But they'll need more than
just a mouthful,
339
00:41:10,438 --> 00:41:12,713
and with the feast now in full swing,
340
00:41:12,798 --> 00:41:14,834
this is their chance.
341
00:41:21,438 --> 00:41:25,397
To exploit the vast shoals of herring
that are in deeper water,
342
00:41:25,478 --> 00:41:27,673
they rely on teamwork.
343
00:41:27,758 --> 00:41:32,388
For these whales have developed
a truly remarkable way of hunting.
344
00:41:46,078 --> 00:41:48,717
(WHALES SINGING)
345
00:41:51,358 --> 00:41:56,273
The inlets echo to the sound
of a mysterious song.
346
00:41:57,878 --> 00:42:00,267
(WHALES SINGING)
347
00:42:04,958 --> 00:42:07,313
A curtain of bubbles
348
00:42:07,398 --> 00:42:10,834
and a haunting call hold the secret
349
00:42:10,918 --> 00:42:13,591
to an ingenious way of fishing.
350
00:42:13,678 --> 00:42:16,431
(WHALES SINGING)
351
00:42:17,038 --> 00:42:19,188
(HIGH-PITCHED SINGING)
352
00:42:36,678 --> 00:42:39,351
This is ''bubble-net feeding''.
353
00:42:47,318 --> 00:42:51,914
A dozen whales work together
to harvest the herring bonanza.
354
00:43:03,158 --> 00:43:06,434
Such fishing requires
an extraordinary level
355
00:43:06,518 --> 00:43:08,986
of intelligence and cooperation.
356
00:43:11,878 --> 00:43:14,108
The lead whale dives first.
357
00:43:14,198 --> 00:43:16,587
She is the bubble-blower.
358
00:43:19,118 --> 00:43:21,507
It's her job to find the fish.
359
00:43:21,638 --> 00:43:23,230
(WHALE SPOUTING AIR)
360
00:43:24,398 --> 00:43:26,992
The rest follow in formation.
361
00:43:33,478 --> 00:43:37,756
Each takes exactly
the same position in every lunge.
362
00:43:47,318 --> 00:43:49,229
Once she's located the fish,
363
00:43:49,318 --> 00:43:51,548
the leader blows a net of bubbles
364
00:43:51,638 --> 00:43:54,152
that completely encircles the shoal.
365
00:44:00,038 --> 00:44:01,835
(WHALE SINGING)
366
00:44:02,478 --> 00:44:05,914
Another whale calls
to synchronise the group.
367
00:44:08,118 --> 00:44:10,507
(WHALE SINGING CONTINUES)
368
00:44:26,758 --> 00:44:30,148
Panicked by the eerie sound
and the blinding bubbles,
369
00:44:30,238 --> 00:44:33,275
the fish won't cross
this fizzing curtain.
370
00:44:38,238 --> 00:44:40,706
(HIGH-PITCHED SINGING)
371
00:45:21,838 --> 00:45:23,556
As few as 1 00 humpbacks
372
00:45:23,638 --> 00:45:27,233
have learnt how to feed
as a team like this.
373
00:45:40,998 --> 00:45:45,549
And this is the only place on the planet
where whales fish in this way.
374
00:45:54,718 --> 00:45:56,231
(LOUD MOANING)
375
00:45:57,398 --> 00:45:59,195
At the height of the great feast,
376
00:45:59,278 --> 00:46:01,553
these humpbacks fish around the clock,
377
00:46:01,638 --> 00:46:04,710
each eating a ton of herring a day.
378
00:46:11,358 --> 00:46:14,589
Only man has learnt to exploit the seas
379
00:46:14,678 --> 00:46:16,396
on a greater scale.
380
00:46:31,598 --> 00:46:35,671
As the summer ends,
the feast draws to a close.
381
00:46:42,198 --> 00:46:43,950
The sun is weakening,
382
00:46:44,038 --> 00:46:47,667
and with it,
the plankton bloom subsides.
383
00:46:51,398 --> 00:46:53,548
The microscopic plants that brought life
384
00:46:53,638 --> 00:46:56,914
to empty seas begin to die.
385
00:47:03,358 --> 00:47:07,670
The herring descend
to spend the winter in the depths.
386
00:47:15,038 --> 00:47:19,190
Life for the sea lions
will be harder once again.
387
00:47:23,038 --> 00:47:26,997
But they've fed well enough
to face the dark days ahead.
388
00:47:39,558 --> 00:47:41,708
(WHALES SPOUTING AIR)
389
00:47:42,478 --> 00:47:46,027
The humpback whales
will soon leave these shores.
390
00:47:52,638 --> 00:47:54,196
It's astonishing to think that
391
00:47:54,278 --> 00:47:57,031
some of our world's mightiest creatures
392
00:47:57,118 --> 00:48:00,315
ultimately rely on some of its tiniest.
393
00:48:09,198 --> 00:48:12,110
Here, along the North Pacific coast,
394
00:48:12,198 --> 00:48:15,952
the interplay between land, sea and sun
395
00:48:16,038 --> 00:48:19,269
has produced a bloom of plankton
so immense
396
00:48:19,358 --> 00:48:23,829
it has created
one of nature's great events.
31723
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