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William Colby has been
missing since April 27th.

On the evening of that day,
he went for a canoe ride

near his vacation home
on Cobb Island.

His canoe was found
washed up on the banks

of the Wicomico
River April 28th.

In other news, the search
continues today in Maryland

for former CIA Director
William Colby.

He is missing and
presumed drowned

after an apparent
boating accident.

A boating accident in strong
currents or foul play?

In addition to being
a master spy,

William Colby was an
accomplished sailor.

When the former Director
of the CIA is missing

not much is ruled out.

My father would always have
the same dark wooden dresser.

It had some socks in one drawer,
and underwear in some drawer,

and his shirts.

But on the top drawer,
you'd pull it out

and it was full
of ribbons...

...bullets,
passport...

...gun.

Hmm.

What does he do?

There have
been allegations

that this was
an assassination program.

I am against
assassination.

I think it's
counterproductive.

Uh, and I've issued
directives against it.

But I confess in the dark,
back reaches of my mind

I would have very cheerfully
helped carry the bomb

into Hitler's
bunker in, uh,

out in Poland
in, uh, 1944.

My father, he was good
at a lot of things,

but he was very good
at making war.

December 7th was
a beautiful Sunday.

I was up bright
and early making breakfast.

I did happen to look
out over Koko Head

where I was living,
these planes were coming by.

And they were not planes
that I recognized.

The radio was on:
Mormon tabernacle choir,

and all of a sudden,
a man's voice comes over.

"The islands
are under attack."

When I got to Pearl
the next day,

the birds
in the streets,

they were all dead
from the concussion.

Corpses all over the place.

When Pearl
Harbor happened,

everything changed in Hawaii
and the whole world.

I met your dad
on a blind date.

He was in law school
at Columbia.

He went into the field
artillery originally,

but really wanted
the parachute infantry.

So, he said that
during a physical exam,

he mentioned that his eyesight
wasn't all that good,

and the doctor said, "as long
as you can see the ground

for jumping, uh,
we'll take you."

And that's what he did.

Your dad joined us,
Area B-1.

He was artillery,
I was infantry.

Bill was out of those
New England schools and...

I was a westerner.

One day,
a major from O.S.S.

Asked us a
simple question:

"Those of you who are
interested in hazardous duty

behind enemy lines,
remain here.

Those who are not interested
are excused."

Well, most everybody left.

But I thought that
that sounded interesting.

That's why I was in
a parachute regiment,

I thought.

Somewhere in America,
the United States

is developing hundreds
of recruits

for this specialized service.

Hand picked
for the aid

of Army and Navy
intelligence facilities,

the men are taken under guard
to the secret training camp,

which is to be their home
for the weeks to follow.

This isolated,
heavily wooded terrain

offers an excellent
proving ground

for the student
of guerilla tactics.

From the moment
of their induction,

the identities
of the recruits

remain a carefully
guarded secret,

which explains the use
of masks in this film.

From whence they came,
or for what perilous mission

they're being prepared is
the concern of nobody at camp.

But all of them
have this in common:

They burn with a
desire for vengeance

and they mean to deal
it out as it was given...

at close
quarters

with no holds
barred.

We had hand-to-hand
combat training...

...instinctive
firing...

...a limited amount
of knife fighting...

...demolitions.

We had many courses
in surreptitious entry,

and we were all oriented
on getting ourselves trained

for this mission,
doing things

that would increase
our survivability.

Those days
were filled

with a sense
of urgency.

Everybody
wanted to go

and serve
in that war.

The men and the women
had conviction

that they were doing
what was right

to preserve precious values
of humanity

that were
being violated,

and off they went.

We went together
on a ship

from Fort Hamilton,
New York,

to one of the ports
of, uh, Glasgow.

We learned from
T.E. Lawrence's books.

They would emphasize
how important it is

to know the
local people:

What their
idiosyncrasies are,

likes and
dislikes,

and above all,
what are their taboos,

the things that you don't
want to get involved in,

so that you wouldn't
give away the fact

that you were
an American

so deep
in enemy territory.

O.S.S. Did
send in people

to do underground work
and sabotage.

Break up communications.

Bill Colby was one
of the most, uh,

renowned one of these
in his operations in Norway.

Your dad
was wiry, small,

but he could ski.

He had
taken charge

of the
underground group,

mostly all of Norwegian
background, Americans,

many of them,
but great peril.

Norway was
occupied,

and Germans
were...

pressing
from all sides.

And the mission,
well the mission is,

was very exciting.

The mission was to blow up
bridges and trains

to prevent the movement
of German troops

through Norway.

We were apprised
of what was going on.

We used v-mails.

They were quick letters,
some censored, I suppose.

The mission was successful.

Bill was Silver Star.

The whole concept
of Special Forces

came out
of these operations.

That was
the beginning

of the ideal way
of building,

uh, a...
a force inside

an occupied,
uh, country.

My father was always
the coolest character

I ever knew.

After the war, we used to go
take picnics in France,

and he'd say, "This is
where we jumped in,

and this is the ditch
where I lay in for two days

while the Germans
marched by."

I remember asking him,
"Well, why didn't you

just shoot
at the Germans?"

And he goes, "There were only
like four or five of us,

six to eight hundred
of them.

They'd kill us all."

He'd talk about the Charge
of the Light Brigade,

six hundred people
racing into this valley.

And I'd say it was
a suicide mission.

He said yeah,
but the glory of it all.

When he
volunteered,

he was looking
for action.

In my family,
everybody gave my father

a wide berth.

He thought about coming
to Washington,

and working
for the government,

NLRB as it turned out,

"National Labor
Relations Board."

To tell you
the truth, Carl,

I don't know exactly when
your father moved over

from NLRB to, uh,
to the CIA,

but I can
tell you this,

We lived in
southeast Washington.

And your dad used
to get a ride in to NLRB

with our neighbors
George and Phyllis.

I can't remember
their last name.

One weekend,
Phyllis asked me,

"Barbara, we've always
dropped Bill off at..."

Uh, whatever
the address was,

"Last time we dropped him,
we looked back,

and he was hotfooting it
across a couple of blocks,

and, uh, going in
another direction."

And that is truly
how I really learned

that your dad was in
another line of work.

The United States was the
only power in the world.

Time Magazine
came out with

"This is the
American century."

Japan, which had been
such a ferocious enemy,

all of a sudden
a non-sulking,

dependable
colony,

or whatever you want
to call it in those days.

It was a different world.

The CIA was considered
a pretty good thing.

When you came into a place
as an American,

you were regarded with
considerable respect.

You know, you're
representing a big power,

and the biggest power
anybody ever knew.

From Stettin
in the Baltic

to Trieste
in the Adriatic,

an "Iron Curtain" has descended
across the continent.

And so an Iron Curtain
fell across Europe,

an Iron Curtain
dividing the free world

from the slave world.

In the 1950s,
we had a contest going on:

Who will dominate
western Europe?

World War Two ended
with the United States

planted firmly
in half of Europe,

with Europe
divided at the Elbe,

but with what
was west of the Elbe,

politically and socially
very vulnerable.

Nineteen fifties
was a time

of really serious
political contest

over the future of that
portion of Europe.

At the end
of the war,

Italy was
almost destroyed.

The industrial potential
was down.

And political situation
was very bad.

The Communist Party was huge
and well organized.

The largest Communist
Party in Europe.

The American government
was concerned how things

they were going in Italy.

And, uh, your father
was sent there

to be responsible maybe
of the largest operation

that CIA has
ever done before.

They have
to verify

that the
operation

to restore
Europe

was going
smoothly.

And of course
the Communist Party

and of course
U.S.S.R.

Was working to destroy
this operation.

In Italy, we had
a huge Communist Party.

And I myself
watched closely

the Italian
political developments,

because as
a dedicated Communist

I believed that Italy
will go one day Communist.

Okay,
no Soviet invasion,

but the strength
of the left movement

was so high that
Italian Communists

will win the elections,
form a coalition government,

and lead
to Pro-Communist Italy.

Every election
was a cliffhanger.

Whether the Communists
would win the elections,

or
failing that,

they would
launch an uprising.

Well, I worked
for your father.

He was the boss.

Communists pretty much
controlled the north of Italy.

They had control
of the trade unions,

control of the cooperatives.

The Communist newspapers
that had been underground

were now out
in the open.

And they were able
to portray themselves

as not toadies
of the Soviet Union,

in spite of the fact
that we estimated at the time

that they were getting
forty million dollars a year,

at a time when we were putting
four, or five, or six million

into the Italian politics.

The threat was
certainly there,

that Italy
might go Communist.

We had State
Department cover.

Your father
was a political officer,

and we were on
the diplomatic list.

In reality, um,
he worked for CIA,

but that was never
stated overtly.

There were also
CIA personnel

who were undercover.

So your dad
had to blend

the
diplomatic side

with the political
action that CIA

was tasked with.

Colby in Rome
is keeping up the morale

of the Italian
security people

who are keeping track
of what is still

a very dangerous
armed Communist Party,

giving them firm leadership
and encouragement

and by coming
from a serious,

professional
background...

the background
of espionage,

where the first thing
you learn

is most people lie
most of the time,

and things like that.

Colby was able
to be well-informed

about Italian
politics,

and inject a much more
realistic view of Italy

than the one
that was generated

by Ambassador Luce,
and by,

most of the ambassadors,
uh, were,

were simply
not up to the job.

The United States
policy

was
to support

the Christian Democratic Party
in any means possible.

And we certainly
assisted financially,

but also guidance
in organizing their rallies,

their propaganda.

Political advice...
how do you do it,

how do you win
an election?

And we had a very large
covert action program

in Italy.

It was not by chance,
that in the name of the party

they put Partito
Democratico Cristiano.

Christian Party was very
linked to the Church.

We lived next door
to the daughter

of Premier de Gasperi.

You and the boys
were friends.

We'd get together
for dinner,

play charades
in Italian.

We had a breeze,
really,

with our State
Department cover.

There were marvelous
opportunities for learning.

I studied Italian at the
Instituto per Stranieri

over by the Pantheon.

Imagine walking through
these marvelous places in Rome

that every tourist
wants to see.

And here we were
living this life.

It was a wonderful experience
for a family like ours,

who was already
Roman Catholic.

We had one child
born in Rome,

baptized
at St. Peter's,

under the cupola.

Two others making
their first communions.

The oldest child
was serving mass,

Italian-style,
his Latin was very good.

We were very fortunate.

This was a superb experience.

Oh, those happy days.

Italy was wonderful.

My mother
was vivacious,

fun, always youthful.

She was the world to me.

They met on a blind date.

She supported him
in law school,

working at
Abraham and Strauss.

They were very optimistic.

They seemed to appreciate
what they had.

He was very Catholic,
and she was very Catholic.

In Rome, I thought he worked
for the embassy.

I went to a Catholic school,
it was up on the Via Cassia.

I was an altar boy.

And the Church was
just everywhere in Rome,

very powerful.

So magnificent.

You're in this embrace.

All the world
is well,

just follow the dictates
of the Father.

Monks would
come to the house...

Franciscans with
their brown robes,

sandals and the big rope.

And I'd
see him

talking to
a priest,

with his head
slightly bowed,

genuinely interested
in what they say.

If you want to collect
information,

you go in the church.

And your father
distributed

a tremendous amount
of money.

Most of the money,
um, which was, um,

not the money
of the intelligence,

was even distributed
by the Vatican.

They are very well connected.

In each little village there
are more than one church

to distribute this monies.

The cardinal American
who was, uh,

behind this
operation,

he was pretty deeply
involved with your father,

and, um, with,
uh, this,

um, uh,
movement of money,

used it
to contrast

the really
overwhelming power

of the Communist Party.

I didn't know
very much

at all about
the operations,

the techniques.

Sometimes it was
difficult to, um,

to ascertain
just who we were

and where
we were going

at a certain point,
and so on.

One evening,
we went to, um,

we went to
the theater,

and, uh,
I saw...

I recognized
a couple

whom we had dined with
the night before.

And I started
to go over and say,

"Oh, buona sera,
how are you,

wasn't that pleasant
last evening?"

And my husband
took me aside and said,

"Shh, quiet,
quiet.

We don't... before you...
we don't know these people."

We don't know these people?

Well, we did know
these people.

There were times
when really,

I didn't know
what role we were playing.

Who are we tonight?

We'd go somewhere...
family trip on the weekend,

picnic basket
in the back,

and he'd meet
somebody,

have a
conversation,

deliver something.

He and my mother
and the family left town,

drove
up north,

and went and passed
a radio to somebody.

So we'd have
a picnic.

That wasn't a lie.

Sometime later,
one of my dad's friends said,

"You know, your mother
has a lot to do

with your
father's success."

They were a great team.

The family
wasn't always let in...

let in to
this world of his.

Um, beginning,
of course,

with this
CIA code

of "need to know."

He never had to really
tell me anything.

Um...
I suppose that's...

that's the CIA
modus operandi,

but even so,
I remember hearing

one CIA wife of a rather
high ranking officer say,

"Oh, my husband
tells me everything."

Well, I was a little jealous,
but I thought,

no, it couldn't be.

They don't tell
us everything.

They tell us very little,
if anything.

The provision
of large sums of money

led to the success of the
Christian Democratic Party,

somewhat to the surprise
of many people in Italy

and certainly
to the rest of the world.

Your father
left Rome

before the really
beautiful time starts,

which was the sixties.

We call it la dolce vita,
the sweet life,

which was immortalized
by Fellini.

The government
was well settled,

the economy starts
to improve rapidly.

We call it
the Italian Miracle.

As much
the economy grew,

as less the Communist
Party become.

All the effort they have done
to destroy Italian economy

was mitigated
by your intervention,

I mean, American.

Being in a world
of concealment and deception,

puts a person in a different
space psychologically,

morally,
and socially.

Being an
intelligence officer,

you're in an
adversarial contest;

in a way something
like a war,

and if it's
morally justifiable

to take people's
lives in war, um,

it seems that it may
be morally justifiable

to mislead them
in conflict situations.

Deception in a certain
limited range of cases

is really necessary for
the protection of people

who work in the agency,
the people

whom they're
dealing with,

and the national security.

Deception, um,
in this situation

is unavoidable.

But that one
doesn't want to offer

a kind of blanket
endorsement so that people,

you know,
forget the point about the...

the necessity
of telling the truth.

My dad used to say,
"I already know

what I think.

My job is to listen.

It's not about me,
it's about

who someone else is
and what they may be

able to offer me."

My mother always tried
to find things

to do that were fun
and free and relaxed.

My father would participate,
but there was always

this ever tightening
tension that you're going

to be called to action,
that there will be war,

violence always pervaded
everything.

Happy was not what
his life was about.

His life was about doing
the right thing,

being at the pointy
edge of the spear.

He was in pretty
good shape.

Six o'clock in
the morning,

Canadian Air Force
exercises,

push-ups, jumping jacks,
legs going up and down.

He'd call me sport
when he kind of liked me.

When he was annoyed at you,
you were friend.

"Listen, friend."

If you'd really done something
badly, he'd get the belt out.

He didn't like lying.

He certainly believed in
corporal punishment.

Among friends
he could be relaxed.

Well, frankly he didn't
have any friends.

He had people
he worked with.

He didn't have
a lot of romantic ideas

about spying.

He saw it for what it was,
a dirty business.

In 1959, we arrived
in Vietnam.

This was barely
five years after

the fall of the
French forces.

I remember that one
of the first places

we visited was the
French military cemetery.

Your dad found a friend
buried there,

a friend from the mission
in France in World War Two.

It's incredible.

Saigon was amazing
in those years.

Saigon was still
very French.

French was the language
in which our embassy officers

and their Vietnamese
counterparts spoke

at meetings, the language
of the departed power,

French.

Our social contacts
were officials

in the Diem
government.

Our oldest daughter
attended school

with French nuns.

The niece of the President
attended that school.

You boys went to the
American Community School,

which was a center
of real Pro-Americanism.

I mean, there were
Sunday ballgames,

and picnics,
and Cub Scouts,

and Girl Scouts.

It's strange to think
that the threat

from North Vietnam
wasn't easily seen.

Your dad came in
to take over the station

from a guy who wasn't
suited for dealing with

the Vietnamese at all.

The Vietnamese were completely
disorganized and disheartened

because the Geneva Accords
and the cease fire agreement

had been signed without
their participation.

They had no say in it
whatsoever, and all

of a sudden,
their country

was being divided
in half.

The Communists took over
in the north.

You had the refugees
coming out of the north,

you had the Vietnamese army
deserting in the north.

Some of them
were coming south.

The French were
terribly bitter

and downhearted.

They were
losing Vietnam.

When the Diem government
was established,

you didn't have much
of a civil service,

and you certainly
had very little

administrative capability
out in the provinces.

This left a security vacuum
in the countryside.

And the Viet Minh
Communists

started to come in
and fill it.

The Kennedy Administration
comes in.

They've got a huge problem
in Vietnam.

And that was the
beginning of the effort

to help the Diem government
resist the insurgency

and the beginning of
counter-insurgency.

The Kennedy Administration
came in with very high hopes

and a rather golden
environment,

both of public support,
and of self-esteem.

Certainly the President
and his brother,

uh, were many-sided,
uh, individuals,

but they had an interest
in covert activity,

uh, they had an interest in,
uh, James Bond-type activity.

They saw it as
a third way,

this side of military
involvement,

and this side
of diplomatic

exclusiveness.

They romanticized
a great deal about

doing things secretly
that couldn't be done openly,

including some very strenuous
covert activity,

but also, uh, that,
uh, that they were

personally interested
in it.

One of the first things
that Bill Colby had to do

was to orchestrate
and oversee

a mission called
'Project Tiger'

in which some
250 pilots,

South Vietnamese pilots
and paratroopers participated,

to drop spies
behind the lines

in North Vietnam.

The C.I.A. Believed
they could operate

behind enemy lines
in the same way

that the O.S.S.
Did in World War Two.

Of roughly 250
of these missions,

217 men were
killed, captured,

or turned into
double agents.

I was part
of the first group

to be trained in
counter-insurgency.

When we graduated
from the training,

we all got taken
to the White House,

and we shook
JFK's hand.

He was very impressive.

Walt Rostow was around,
and he coined the phrase

'infrastructure'
and we have to build

up the infrastructure
in South Vietnam, and,

so we all sort
of saw it as a,

as a new crusade.

We had to defend South Vietnam
against the North Vietnamese.

Otherwise, the entire region
was going to fall

to the Soviets
and the Chinese.

We were convinced that,
uh, really the hope

of southeast Asia was,
was Ngo Dinh Diem.

We were sent to support
the Diem government.

We went up to Dalat,
to the lovely

mountain station where
they had a house.

We got to know
that family quite well.

Your father was assigned
to be in conversations

with President Diem's brother,
Ngo Dinh Nhu,

with whom he became
really quite close.

I met Madame Nhu, who was
a very dynamic person.

We had a very
pleasant time.

The President himself
was a bachelor,

an old rather Mandarin type
in his way of speaking

and dressing.

Not aloof but rather
detached really.

I... I wonder if he really
sensed the difficulties

that his country faced.

After all, this was
the government

of South Vietnam.

Nhu had a concept
of himself in which

he was the reigning
intellectual.

Your father taught him
a lot about insurgency,

and gave him a lot
of books to read,

uh, which was good.

The bad part of it
was that he then

thought himself to be
the unique expert

on counter-insurgency
in Vietnam.

We are building
strategic hamlets

to bring peace
throughout the country.

The Strategic Hamlet Program
was essentially an idea

of arming villagers
to defend themselves.

Nhu considered himself
the father

of the Strategic
Hamlet Program.

But in the initial
phases of the program,

villagers weren't paid
for relocation.

They were forcibly
relocated,

and a lot of them were
very unhappy with this.

The principle
is a good one.

Protect the people in
their own little hamlets

where they defend
themselves

and be defended
against encroachments

from the outside.

The problem was
North Vietnamese,

at some point...
because remember,

they're building up...
are going to overrun those.

There was a real sense
that we needed

a unconventional approach
to stem an increased

flow of support
from North Vietnam

to the south.

The decision in 1961
is to not introduce

U.S. Combat forces
into South Vietnam

but to dramatically increase
the advisory effort

to the South Vietnamese
armed forces.

So between 1961 and 1963,
the advisory effort

grows from 800
to over 16,500.

Kennedy always had
a soft spot

for the cavalier side
of the military.

After all, he's
a P.T. Boat captain.

Uh, small unit, dashing,
individual officers,

they could live inside
enemy territory,

could live with
the natives.

They could fight
in the jungle.

Lawrence of Arabia
was a model.

They were imaginative,
free-willing.

To the Kennedys,
they were the answer.

And the Kennedys foster
this whole program

of Special Forces.

In Saigon, we lived
near the palace,

and I started to see
my father with,

uh, generals,
military people,

with police, the military
and the police.

And at night, I remember
early evening you hear

this rumble, this distant
rumble, and I said

to my dad,
"What is that?

Is it thunder?"

And he said, "No.
They're shelling,

30 miles outside
of town."

Hmm, 30 miles.

And I remember
my father saying

all this is
going to change.

A war is coming.

He said it in a very
sort of caring way,

like he had
a stake in it.

We left, as you know,
in 1962, just as

the military buildup
was starting.

Your father received
a promotion to be

head of all the C.I.A.
Operations in the Far East.

We returned to Washington,
and President Diem asked us

to come and have
a visit before we left.

This was when we were
getting ready to depart.

And we did, we visited
at the palace.

We sat there with
the President.

It was a memorable time.

There was really not much
political talk.

But yet, there was
a feeling that things

were not going well
in that country.

But the idea that we were
visiting with the President

and having his gratitude
for what Americans

were doing is a memory
that I won't forget.

Here we had created
a government.

That government lived
in the person

of President Diem.

We had helped
install him in 1954,

we had tried to create
a political culture

around him.

It had the appearance
of democracy.

Diem was a Catholic
in a Buddhist country.

He was more French than
he'd probably admit.

The civil war in Vietnam,
and that's what it was,

was a political war,
and Diem was not

a great politician.

Tanks manned by troops
of the Special Forces

ring Buddhist temples
in Vietnam

as the crisis in that
embattled southeast Asian nation

mounts
to a climax.

These troops are under
the command of Ngo Dinh Nhu,

the President's brother.

The Buddhists, demanding
more religious freedom,

find themselves
the objects

of a terror campaign
that has had

international
repercussions.

Diem's military violently
suppressed the Buddhists;

murdered a political
group of them.

A Buddhist monk in protest
set himself on fire.

This image went
around the world.

It was seared into
the minds

of every American.

I was with your father,
and he was really shocked

by that.

He had felt that things
were moving

a little bit better,
but here was just

a tremendous protest
erupting against

the rule
of Ngo Dinh Diem.

What have the Buddhist
leaders done comparatively?

The only thing
they have done,

they have barbecued
one of their monks

whom they have intoxicated,
whom they have

abused the confidence.

Uh, even that barbecuing
was done, um,

not even with
self-sufficient means

because they,
they used imported,

uh, gasoline.

The regime was beginning
to disintegrate.

The circle of people
that Diem would listen to

got narrower
and narrower.

Nhu gradually became
the single most

influential advisor
to Diem,

and all of the, or,
most of the intelligence

that Diem was getting
was funneled through Nhu.

Something had to be done
about the fact

that Nhu was taking
over the regime,

and Nhu was
going bonkers.

Buddhist monks and nuns
are joined by thousands

of sympathizers
in Saigon to protest

the government's restrictions
on the practice

of their religion
in South Vietnam.

By 1963, the weakness
of the Diem government

was becoming painfully
apparent to members

of the Kennedy
Administration.

But the story took
a turn for the worse,

dramatically worse,
after a new

American Ambassador
showed up in Saigon.

Henry Cabot Lodge comes
out to Saigon as Ambassador.

He thought of himself
as kind of a pro-consul.

He thought of the Vietnamese
as kind of strange

little people, subject
to all these superstitions.

He didn't pretend
to need to understand them.

It was a very, very
simplistic mindset.

Lodge decided that
he alone was going

to make the judgment
that Diem had to go.

And he helped
ginned up a coup.

Lodge's cable came in first,
and Lodge wanted it said

that he'd been
approached indirectly

by the generals, uh,
inquiring what

the American role,
or attitude would be

toward a move
by the generals,

uh, if it came to...
if it came to that.

The return said that
we were deeply worried

about the disintegrating
situation in Saigon...

the apparently disintegrating
situation in Saigon.

Uh, we thought that
the Nhus were bad news,

and that they
had to go.

Both Madame Nhu
and brother Nhu,

and that Lodge should
therefore go to Diem

and tell him that he
had to separate

himself from
his brother.

If that proves impossible,
we may have to face

the possibility that Diem
himself will have to go.

That's the extent
of the American statement

about Diem.

Diem understood that Nhu
was a liability,

but his, his kind of nature
was such that

he would not be dictated
to by the Americans

on this subject.

Right before the coup occurs,
Diem has a meeting

in the palace, uh,
with, uh, CINCPAC

who came out,
and then he pulls

Lodge aside
and he says,

"Please tell
President Kennedy

that I will do
anything he wants,

that we really need
to get over this."

Well, that same afternoon,
the coup starts.

We thought that
the President himself

had ordered
up a coup.

Who are we to
question the decision

the President had made
at this point?

It was only later that
we started to find out

it really was
cranked up by Lodge

and by a clique in
the State Department.

Lodge had the bit
in his teeth,

and he was running
this thing.

The White House thought
they were running it,

or they had any brakes
on him... they didn't.

It was really
something.

It was a
holy day,

All Saints' Day,
November '63.

I was at mass
that morning,

and your father
came into the church,

Little Flower,
in Bethesda,

and said, "pray for
the Diem brothers.

Pray for the souls
of the Diem brothers.

They've been
found murdered."

Which was
a shock.

A terrible
shock.

Bill stayed
for that mass

and we prayed,
oh, fervently

for President Diem
and his brother.

What was so difficult
about it was that

in hindsight, in
immediate hindsight,

we have to...

we Americans
have to realize

that we bore some
share in this tragedy.

I'd... not personally,
but somehow,

things went
wrong somehow.

My mother believed in
what he was doing,

but she wanted
it to be right.

She saw his
missionary zealotry,

this force of good
in the world.

I think they competed
for the high ground,

moral high ground.

Who's doing
the good work?

Fighting the
good fight?

He doing his job,

and she,
the loyal wife,

religious
and Catholic.

My mother believed
in what he was doing,

but it had
to be moral,

and it had
to be right.

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