All language subtitles for If Walls Could Talk Episode 2_ The Bathroom

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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:00,270 --> 00:00:04,390 [Music] 2 00:00:06,259 --> 00:00:08,670 you've always asked how the people go to 3 00:00:08,670 --> 00:00:11,450 the loo and dresses like this and 4 00:00:11,450 --> 00:00:16,199 there's an answer thank you 5 00:00:16,199 --> 00:00:18,600 this is a fourth aloof it's an amazing 6 00:00:18,600 --> 00:00:21,000 invention secret chamber pot so what you 7 00:00:21,000 --> 00:00:30,090 do is you slip under here and nobody 8 00:00:30,090 --> 00:00:32,689 knows what I'm doing 9 00:00:33,469 --> 00:00:42,719 perhaps feels a lot better morning I'm 10 00:00:42,719 --> 00:00:45,629 dr. Lucy Worsley she curator at historic 11 00:00:45,629 --> 00:00:47,670 royal palaces based here at Hampton 12 00:00:47,670 --> 00:00:52,170 Court not a daily office as a historian 13 00:00:52,170 --> 00:00:54,750 though I'm fascinated not just by grand 14 00:00:54,750 --> 00:00:57,180 palaces but also by the more intimate 15 00:00:57,180 --> 00:00:59,670 moments of object in history and by how 16 00:00:59,670 --> 00:01:02,370 they inform our lives today oh it's 17 00:01:02,370 --> 00:01:04,769 exciting it's exciting in this series 18 00:01:04,769 --> 00:01:06,869 I'll be treating the story of British 19 00:01:06,869 --> 00:01:09,090 domestic life through four rooms the 20 00:01:09,090 --> 00:01:11,850 bathroom the bedroom the living room and 21 00:01:11,850 --> 00:01:15,960 the kitchen from the homes of the Middle 22 00:01:15,960 --> 00:01:18,450 Ages to the present day I'll be 23 00:01:18,450 --> 00:01:20,400 exploring the ways that our attitudes 24 00:01:20,400 --> 00:01:22,920 and habits have changed I'll be meeting 25 00:01:22,920 --> 00:01:25,439 some extraordinary people slowing us and 26 00:01:25,439 --> 00:01:29,000 doing some lover odd things 27 00:01:31,380 --> 00:01:34,240 this time from rebuilding Britain's 28 00:01:34,240 --> 00:01:36,580 first flushing toilet I just can't 29 00:01:36,580 --> 00:01:38,619 believe this is going to go right first 30 00:01:38,619 --> 00:01:41,229 time to taking a Victorian ladies bar 31 00:01:41,229 --> 00:01:44,140 I'll be discovering how the bathroom has 32 00:01:44,140 --> 00:01:46,540 developed over the past seven hundred 33 00:01:46,540 --> 00:01:48,909 years so in the Victorian age who 34 00:01:48,909 --> 00:01:50,060 becomes to do 35 00:01:50,060 --> 00:01:54,249 [Music] 36 00:02:02,480 --> 00:02:04,540 you 37 00:02:05,810 --> 00:02:09,330 in our modern houses we take so much for 38 00:02:09,330 --> 00:02:12,209 granted all that comfort privacy and 39 00:02:12,209 --> 00:02:14,750 technology that allows them to function 40 00:02:14,750 --> 00:02:16,709 yet all these things have taken 41 00:02:16,709 --> 00:02:19,140 centuries to develop in every room in 42 00:02:19,140 --> 00:02:22,040 the house has its own fascinating story 43 00:02:22,040 --> 00:02:24,870 this time I'll be exploring the history 44 00:02:24,870 --> 00:02:27,090 of the bathroom the room which has taken 45 00:02:27,090 --> 00:02:29,430 the longest to evolve yet the one we now 46 00:02:29,430 --> 00:02:31,980 consider to be the most essential in the 47 00:02:31,980 --> 00:02:37,080 house this is a very desirable bathroom 48 00:02:37,080 --> 00:02:39,030 with the power shower and the double 49 00:02:39,030 --> 00:02:42,180 sinks and the big luxurious bath tub hot 50 00:02:42,180 --> 00:02:47,370 water on tap and round that allude to 51 00:02:47,370 --> 00:02:49,140 flush everything away but it's 52 00:02:49,140 --> 00:02:50,850 extraordinary when you consider that 53 00:02:50,850 --> 00:02:53,250 fifty years ago many houses didn't even 54 00:02:53,250 --> 00:02:55,739 house plumbed in bath and a hundred 55 00:02:55,739 --> 00:02:57,840 years before that the bathroom is a 56 00:02:57,840 --> 00:03:00,930 specialized room didn't even exist so 57 00:03:00,930 --> 00:03:03,299 how did all this technology come to be 58 00:03:03,299 --> 00:03:05,610 developed and without it how did people 59 00:03:05,610 --> 00:03:07,690 keep themselves clean 60 00:03:07,690 --> 00:03:10,770 [Music] 61 00:03:10,770 --> 00:03:14,270 my story starts in medieval England 62 00:03:14,270 --> 00:03:17,400 today we think of bathrooms as intensely 63 00:03:17,400 --> 00:03:20,180 private places but in the Middle Ages 64 00:03:20,180 --> 00:03:23,040 everything from washing and grooming to 65 00:03:23,040 --> 00:03:24,900 going to the toilets took place in 66 00:03:24,900 --> 00:03:27,350 public in buildings just like this one 67 00:03:27,350 --> 00:03:30,150 no functioning medieval bath houses 68 00:03:30,150 --> 00:03:32,820 exist in Britain today so I come to 69 00:03:32,820 --> 00:03:35,100 these modern baths in London's East End 70 00:03:35,100 --> 00:03:37,260 to have a steam bath with my fellow 71 00:03:37,260 --> 00:03:40,560 historian Sally Dixon Smith I've got the 72 00:03:40,560 --> 00:03:42,480 idea that mint evil people were really 73 00:03:42,480 --> 00:03:44,460 smelly and they never washed but I think 74 00:03:44,460 --> 00:03:48,060 I'm wrong answer you are it's very 75 00:03:48,060 --> 00:03:49,980 widely held misconception I think 76 00:03:49,980 --> 00:03:51,630 because of this idea that the cheaters 77 00:03:51,630 --> 00:03:53,940 and the Stewart's are very smelly and 78 00:03:53,940 --> 00:03:55,980 medieval people must have absolutely 79 00:03:55,980 --> 00:03:57,990 stunk to high heaven but it's not the 80 00:03:57,990 --> 00:04:00,390 case all houses were very common in 81 00:04:00,390 --> 00:04:02,610 medieval cities and people would go 82 00:04:02,610 --> 00:04:05,370 quite regularly the fashion for bathing 83 00:04:05,370 --> 00:04:07,590 had been established by medieval night 84 00:04:07,590 --> 00:04:10,380 after years fighting the Crusades in the 85 00:04:10,380 --> 00:04:12,990 east they returned home not only with 86 00:04:12,990 --> 00:04:15,360 citrus fruits and spices but also with a 87 00:04:15,360 --> 00:04:19,048 tastes of steam baths called hammam 700 88 00:04:19,048 --> 00:04:21,000 years after Britain's Roman bastards 89 00:04:21,000 --> 00:04:23,370 fallen into ruin bath houses were now 90 00:04:23,370 --> 00:04:25,410 built in every city there were various 91 00:04:25,410 --> 00:04:28,530 ways of creating steam you could heat up 92 00:04:28,530 --> 00:04:30,960 rocks or heat up tiles and ceramics in 93 00:04:30,960 --> 00:04:33,030 the fire and then either cast water on 94 00:04:33,030 --> 00:04:34,740 them or plunge them into water to heat 95 00:04:34,740 --> 00:04:35,520 the water 96 00:04:35,520 --> 00:04:38,010 you could also pipe in steam from baked 97 00:04:38,010 --> 00:04:40,770 houses nearby from their ovens in order 98 00:04:40,770 --> 00:04:42,990 to warm up the steam house and people 99 00:04:42,990 --> 00:04:45,210 would also put sort of spices and herbs 100 00:04:45,210 --> 00:04:48,300 in the water to give a lovely smell and 101 00:04:48,300 --> 00:04:50,550 be rinsed down with rose water so all in 102 00:04:50,550 --> 00:04:52,590 all it must be a lovely experience and 103 00:04:52,590 --> 00:04:55,470 most surprisingly of all bathing was 104 00:04:55,470 --> 00:04:59,070 mixed men and women in there together 105 00:04:59,070 --> 00:05:02,010 than just sometimes being used for shady 106 00:05:02,010 --> 00:05:03,870 business people were meeting people who 107 00:05:03,870 --> 00:05:06,419 weren't their husband or wife but you do 108 00:05:06,419 --> 00:05:08,400 get that implication you get that quite 109 00:05:08,400 --> 00:05:10,470 a lot in literature that it's something 110 00:05:10,470 --> 00:05:12,300 that husbands fear is that their wives 111 00:05:12,300 --> 00:05:13,980 are going to go to the bathhouse and 112 00:05:13,980 --> 00:05:16,530 meet their lovers but who knows that's 113 00:05:16,530 --> 00:05:19,500 literature you know Lancelot always 114 00:05:19,500 --> 00:05:21,270 seems to get propositioned whenever he 115 00:05:21,270 --> 00:05:23,070 has a bath but then lots lots kind of 116 00:05:23,070 --> 00:05:23,630 James 117 00:05:23,630 --> 00:05:25,640 James Bond always gets proposition when 118 00:05:25,640 --> 00:05:29,750 every other bar in london's baths or 119 00:05:29,750 --> 00:05:32,660 scuse as they were called you could have 120 00:05:32,660 --> 00:05:35,210 your haircuts listen to music get a 121 00:05:35,210 --> 00:05:38,360 shave or eat a meal and they were so 122 00:05:38,360 --> 00:05:41,150 popular that they were soon licensed not 123 00:05:41,150 --> 00:05:43,580 just for bathing a Bishop of Winchester 124 00:05:43,580 --> 00:05:46,340 for instance in Southwark licensed bath 125 00:05:46,340 --> 00:05:48,620 houses and licensed prostitution 126 00:05:48,620 --> 00:05:51,320 essentially and so some of the some of 127 00:05:51,320 --> 00:05:53,240 the women working about dark houses were 128 00:05:53,240 --> 00:05:55,940 known as wagtails the bishops wagtails 129 00:05:55,940 --> 00:05:58,040 and this may be the origin of why people 130 00:05:58,040 --> 00:05:59,570 why women can be referred to as birds 131 00:05:59,570 --> 00:06:01,070 today but you would have been very 132 00:06:01,070 --> 00:06:02,780 respectful in the bathhouse because you 133 00:06:02,780 --> 00:06:05,360 have your hair covered oh and although 134 00:06:05,360 --> 00:06:07,700 there was a great sense of nudity or but 135 00:06:07,700 --> 00:06:09,320 you might see people naked that women 136 00:06:09,320 --> 00:06:10,760 should still keep their hair covered 137 00:06:10,760 --> 00:06:12,530 because that was particularly sort of 138 00:06:12,530 --> 00:06:15,020 private and sexual and so only 139 00:06:15,020 --> 00:06:16,520 prostitutes would have their hair down 140 00:06:16,520 --> 00:06:20,750 like valium so today you're very 141 00:06:20,750 --> 00:06:26,210 indiscreet the people in medieval 142 00:06:26,210 --> 00:06:28,580 England were quite surprisingly clean 143 00:06:28,580 --> 00:06:31,460 bathing keeping their houses clean in 144 00:06:31,460 --> 00:06:33,380 fact in towns if you didn't keep your 145 00:06:33,380 --> 00:06:35,450 house key you could be shut up before a 146 00:06:35,450 --> 00:06:37,820 course of nuisance and given the 147 00:06:37,820 --> 00:06:39,650 equivalents of an ass code told you how 148 00:06:39,650 --> 00:06:41,810 to do a better job if smells and your 149 00:06:41,810 --> 00:06:44,600 property offended anybody else but both 150 00:06:44,600 --> 00:06:46,730 houses did fall out of fashion by the 151 00:06:46,730 --> 00:06:48,830 junipers they just became too much 152 00:06:48,830 --> 00:06:51,560 associated with prostitution they still 153 00:06:51,560 --> 00:06:53,270 existed that they were now in the 154 00:06:53,270 --> 00:06:55,430 Spaniards and banning turning to 155 00:06:55,430 --> 00:06:58,030 bordello 156 00:06:58,110 --> 00:07:00,539 but it wasn't only bathing that was a 157 00:07:00,539 --> 00:07:02,879 mixed communal activity in medieval 158 00:07:02,879 --> 00:07:05,370 London on the river just near the bath 159 00:07:05,370 --> 00:07:08,759 houses were also the public views we're 160 00:07:08,759 --> 00:07:10,229 on the mobs and London Bridge but this 161 00:07:10,229 --> 00:07:12,750 picture shows its predecessor the 162 00:07:12,750 --> 00:07:14,460 ancient London Bridge you think it's 163 00:07:14,460 --> 00:07:16,770 covered with houses there are hundred 164 00:07:16,770 --> 00:07:18,930 thirty-eight houses on the bridge and 165 00:07:18,930 --> 00:07:21,599 they have their own communal toilet it's 166 00:07:21,599 --> 00:07:23,669 very famous in London's first public 167 00:07:23,669 --> 00:07:25,919 toilets it was used by the residents and 168 00:07:25,919 --> 00:07:28,710 also by travelers arriving into the city 169 00:07:28,710 --> 00:07:31,560 and you can see how sensible it was to 170 00:07:31,560 --> 00:07:33,479 put the toilet on the groom all the ways 171 00:07:33,479 --> 00:07:35,250 could pull straight down and be washed 172 00:07:35,250 --> 00:07:37,919 away by the river all of London to 173 00:07:37,919 --> 00:07:40,469 others we use sinister and with no model 174 00:07:40,469 --> 00:07:42,300 loo paper they have some interesting 175 00:07:42,300 --> 00:07:45,030 alternative we mean search that's a very 176 00:07:45,030 --> 00:07:46,650 important question and how they wipe 177 00:07:46,650 --> 00:07:49,440 their rotten personally the legacy of 178 00:07:49,440 --> 00:07:51,419 the ruins are alive and well the sponge 179 00:07:51,419 --> 00:07:53,190 on the sixth of the highest synthesis 180 00:07:53,190 --> 00:07:54,990 I'd be very comfortable and convenient 181 00:07:54,990 --> 00:07:57,569 also a book of instructions to enable 182 00:07:57,569 --> 00:08:00,810 household recommends that the master use 183 00:08:00,810 --> 00:08:04,440 a piece of linen for blankets also clean 184 00:08:04,440 --> 00:08:06,479 and convenient and comfortable lower 185 00:08:06,479 --> 00:08:08,219 down in society you have to make view of 186 00:08:08,219 --> 00:08:10,560 what you could find this is off with 187 00:08:10,560 --> 00:08:13,680 straw lead that sort of thing and if 188 00:08:13,680 --> 00:08:15,449 that wasn't available there's one more 189 00:08:15,449 --> 00:08:18,080 alternative 190 00:08:19,039 --> 00:08:21,469 by the end of the Middle Ages Britain's 191 00:08:21,469 --> 00:08:23,869 love affair with communal bathing was 192 00:08:23,869 --> 00:08:27,439 coming to an end by the end of the 193 00:08:27,439 --> 00:08:28,249 sixteenth century 194 00:08:28,249 --> 00:08:30,349 bathing had fallen out of fashion people 195 00:08:30,349 --> 00:08:32,149 just weren't washing like they had done 196 00:08:32,149 --> 00:08:34,099 in the medieval period there are a 197 00:08:34,099 --> 00:08:36,229 couple of reasons for this firstly it 198 00:08:36,229 --> 00:08:38,690 was quite hard to find clean water in 199 00:08:38,690 --> 00:08:41,570 crowded to the circuits secondly there 200 00:08:41,570 --> 00:08:43,250 was a medical reason there was this new 201 00:08:43,250 --> 00:08:45,949 idea that sickness could be transmitted 202 00:08:45,949 --> 00:08:48,800 through the air called miasma and if you 203 00:08:48,800 --> 00:08:51,050 were bathing in hot water and your pores 204 00:08:51,050 --> 00:08:52,699 were opening up this would make you 205 00:08:52,699 --> 00:08:55,550 vulnerable to disease air carrying bad 206 00:08:55,550 --> 00:08:57,199 stuff will go in through your skin 207 00:08:57,199 --> 00:09:01,399 succeeding had become danger the plague 208 00:09:01,399 --> 00:09:04,490 arrived seven times in two hundred years 209 00:09:04,490 --> 00:09:07,310 it kills 20% of the population and 210 00:09:07,310 --> 00:09:11,690 killed off bathing as well in 1546 Hemi 211 00:09:11,690 --> 00:09:14,180 the ape shuts Britain's bath houses so 212 00:09:14,180 --> 00:09:17,120 good now with no recourse to bathrooms 213 00:09:17,120 --> 00:09:19,639 of any kind the Tudors came up with new 214 00:09:19,639 --> 00:09:22,250 theories on how to keep clean 215 00:09:22,250 --> 00:09:24,740 instead of bathing the Tudors put their 216 00:09:24,740 --> 00:09:27,410 faith in something else white linen 217 00:09:27,410 --> 00:09:28,459 under clothes 218 00:09:28,459 --> 00:09:30,500 they thought that linen worn next to the 219 00:09:30,500 --> 00:09:32,810 skin was soaked up the sweat and the 220 00:09:32,810 --> 00:09:35,690 toxins on the bodies so instead of 221 00:09:35,690 --> 00:09:37,430 washing themselves they washed their 222 00:09:37,430 --> 00:09:41,839 linen instead to understand what it must 223 00:09:41,839 --> 00:09:44,089 have been like to wash linen without the 224 00:09:44,089 --> 00:09:46,010 modern washing machine I've come to the 225 00:09:46,010 --> 00:09:47,870 Weald and down and Museum in West 226 00:09:47,870 --> 00:09:50,990 Suffolk to experience the typical Tudor 227 00:09:50,990 --> 00:09:53,060 wash days with historians Kathy 228 00:09:53,060 --> 00:09:56,569 Flowerbomb and Hanna tipped lady I felt 229 00:09:56,569 --> 00:09:59,569 like a horse oh they're making a sort of 230 00:09:59,569 --> 00:10:01,250 a filtering drainage system um it's 231 00:10:01,250 --> 00:10:03,170 really you'd be doing this a week the 232 00:10:03,170 --> 00:10:04,940 first step in the process was to make a 233 00:10:04,940 --> 00:10:08,089 soap called ly following an age-old 234 00:10:08,089 --> 00:10:10,160 method it was made by filtering water 235 00:10:10,160 --> 00:10:12,230 through a SRAM the fire Thank You Daisy 236 00:10:12,230 --> 00:10:14,029 people see it starting to interest oh 237 00:10:14,029 --> 00:10:16,279 yeah I was Kryptonian through stones and 238 00:10:16,279 --> 00:10:18,560 straw in a bucket tom is getting 239 00:10:18,560 --> 00:10:19,519 stronger and stronger 240 00:10:19,519 --> 00:10:21,589 it was then boiled down with mutton fat 241 00:10:21,589 --> 00:10:23,540 and mixed with herbs to make a 242 00:10:23,540 --> 00:10:26,360 sweet-smelling detergent actual soap 243 00:10:26,360 --> 00:10:28,130 that I would recognize and that's what 244 00:10:28,130 --> 00:10:29,269 Kathy's using over here 245 00:10:29,269 --> 00:10:31,189 so you're rubbing that directly onto the 246 00:10:31,189 --> 00:10:32,990 bits a really dirty bit of elbow 247 00:10:32,990 --> 00:10:35,560 grace necessary lots of evergreen SSS 248 00:10:35,560 --> 00:10:38,330 after being soaked in lye and scrub 249 00:10:38,330 --> 00:10:40,310 through soap the linen was then bashed 250 00:10:40,310 --> 00:10:45,740 with a bat called a beetle imagine doing 251 00:10:45,740 --> 00:10:49,070 this all day you would be really and you 252 00:10:49,070 --> 00:10:50,839 really need strong muscles to do this it 253 00:10:50,839 --> 00:10:54,470 is quite fun and physical now how these 254 00:10:54,470 --> 00:10:57,680 things the origin I'm from ball games 255 00:10:57,680 --> 00:11:00,320 the kids who are running around the 256 00:11:00,320 --> 00:11:02,570 playground mortals and the boss yes 257 00:11:02,570 --> 00:11:07,779 those women invented quickest day 258 00:11:07,779 --> 00:11:10,070 whereas the outer clothes were never 259 00:11:10,070 --> 00:11:13,089 washed under clothes to wash every week 260 00:11:13,089 --> 00:11:16,459 it was a female dominated activity the 261 00:11:16,459 --> 00:11:18,709 tudor men could still make one vital 262 00:11:18,709 --> 00:11:24,980 contribution looking for a man can I ask 263 00:11:24,980 --> 00:11:25,550 you a favor 264 00:11:25,550 --> 00:11:27,740 for centuries women have been doing the 265 00:11:27,740 --> 00:11:29,420 washing and we feel that men haven't 266 00:11:29,420 --> 00:11:31,190 been contributing enough we're hoping 267 00:11:31,190 --> 00:11:33,380 that you today can contribute some stain 268 00:11:33,380 --> 00:11:36,260 remover for what go for it and do your 269 00:11:36,260 --> 00:11:38,620 GP 270 00:11:39,420 --> 00:11:44,430 ah great you're a gent thank you happy 271 00:11:44,430 --> 00:11:46,460 washing thank you 272 00:11:46,460 --> 00:11:49,470 so while we're pouring blinds urine onto 273 00:11:49,470 --> 00:11:52,020 the sheet well it's the best thing to 274 00:11:52,020 --> 00:11:54,360 whiten things and also if you've got 275 00:11:54,360 --> 00:11:57,510 really stubborn stains grease grass or 276 00:11:57,510 --> 00:11:59,850 anything like that that is by far that 277 00:11:59,850 --> 00:12:03,030 the stain remover there ever was after 278 00:12:03,030 --> 00:12:05,520 soaking the linen in urine for two days 279 00:12:05,520 --> 00:12:08,430 they gave it a good rinse then spun it 280 00:12:08,430 --> 00:12:10,470 on a ringing post to an analyst spin 281 00:12:10,470 --> 00:12:13,110 cycle of washing machine yeah you can 282 00:12:13,110 --> 00:12:15,270 see how Reggie has to get the wet works 283 00:12:15,270 --> 00:12:17,670 then hung it out on Hawthorne hedges or 284 00:12:17,670 --> 00:12:20,190 rosemary bushes to dry Hawthorne is just 285 00:12:20,190 --> 00:12:22,200 perfect for this because the little 286 00:12:22,200 --> 00:12:23,610 prickles come through and all this in 287 00:12:23,610 --> 00:12:24,600 place absolutely 288 00:12:24,600 --> 00:12:27,960 certainly totally we've just done 289 00:12:27,960 --> 00:12:29,640 everything that a modern washing machine 290 00:12:29,640 --> 00:12:31,890 does really we soaked the clothes we 291 00:12:31,890 --> 00:12:35,250 added the detergent we agitated it and 292 00:12:35,250 --> 00:12:38,430 then we rinsed it only son it out that 293 00:12:38,430 --> 00:12:40,680 we only really washed one sheet and it 294 00:12:40,680 --> 00:12:43,950 took nearly all morning it's quite a lot 295 00:12:43,950 --> 00:12:47,310 of work really I suppose what I've 296 00:12:47,310 --> 00:12:49,950 learnt is that it shows that also we 297 00:12:49,950 --> 00:12:52,740 think to the people were dirty 298 00:12:52,740 --> 00:12:54,630 it isn't really didn't washed it is a 299 00:12:54,630 --> 00:12:57,150 it's a misconception they put a huge 300 00:12:57,150 --> 00:12:59,340 amount of effort their women was a huge 301 00:12:59,340 --> 00:13:00,630 amount of effort into making sure 302 00:13:00,630 --> 00:13:03,450 everyone had clean white linen Tudor 303 00:13:03,450 --> 00:13:05,700 England there are three levels of toilet 304 00:13:05,700 --> 00:13:08,100 the lowest were communal proving called 305 00:13:08,100 --> 00:13:10,590 Great Houses of evening next with 306 00:13:10,590 --> 00:13:12,690 chamber pods his contents were often 307 00:13:12,690 --> 00:13:15,030 thrown into the street and the rich used 308 00:13:15,030 --> 00:13:17,670 clothes tools velvet padded chairs with 309 00:13:17,670 --> 00:13:19,380 a pot inside which was carried away and 310 00:13:19,380 --> 00:13:21,780 cleaned out by the servants Elizabeth 311 00:13:21,780 --> 00:13:23,760 the first even had her own stool 312 00:13:23,760 --> 00:13:25,950 carriage that followed her wherever she 313 00:13:25,950 --> 00:13:27,470 went 314 00:13:27,470 --> 00:13:30,140 but all of a sudden in 1596 a 315 00:13:30,140 --> 00:13:32,390 revolutionary new invention arrived 316 00:13:32,390 --> 00:13:36,020 Britain's first flushing toilet it was a 317 00:13:36,020 --> 00:13:38,480 device so ahead of its time in force its 318 00:13:38,480 --> 00:13:41,870 inventor instant fame intrigued to know 319 00:13:41,870 --> 00:13:43,850 how it works I've come to a modern 320 00:13:43,850 --> 00:13:46,490 plumbers workshop in order to rebuild it 321 00:13:46,490 --> 00:13:48,770 using the original 16th century 322 00:13:48,770 --> 00:13:52,850 instructions so a is the tank I yes I 323 00:13:52,850 --> 00:13:55,610 used the tank which is now nowadays as a 324 00:13:55,610 --> 00:13:57,920 toilet system got one of those at home I 325 00:13:57,920 --> 00:13:59,540 recognize that but I didn't have fish in 326 00:13:59,540 --> 00:13:59,960 mine 327 00:13:59,960 --> 00:14:01,760 no no doubt is an added extra if you 328 00:14:01,760 --> 00:14:04,130 want it was invented by the poet Sir 329 00:14:04,130 --> 00:14:06,440 John Harington godson to Elizabeth the 330 00:14:06,440 --> 00:14:08,840 first and so impressed the Queen that it 331 00:14:08,840 --> 00:14:10,790 was installed in Richmond palace 332 00:14:10,790 --> 00:14:13,640 Sir John wrote a book describing how to 333 00:14:13,640 --> 00:14:16,640 make your worst privy as sweet as your 334 00:14:16,640 --> 00:14:18,680 best chamber and called it the 335 00:14:18,680 --> 00:14:21,140 metamorphosis of Ajax 336 00:14:21,140 --> 00:14:23,690 a pun on the Tudor word for a toilet a 337 00:14:23,690 --> 00:14:28,370 jig filtered water from the palace well 338 00:14:28,370 --> 00:14:31,130 it flushed into a private cesspit which 339 00:14:31,130 --> 00:14:32,930 was cleaned out once a month by boys 340 00:14:32,930 --> 00:14:35,810 called gongs Kara's in that time that's 341 00:14:35,810 --> 00:14:38,150 roughly equivalent of the suet yes sure 342 00:14:38,150 --> 00:14:40,670 our septic tank forever the toilets had 343 00:14:40,670 --> 00:14:43,010 two valves one at the top to flush water 344 00:14:43,010 --> 00:14:45,170 into the toilet bowl the other to 345 00:14:45,170 --> 00:14:47,930 release it into the cess pit and to save 346 00:14:47,930 --> 00:14:50,810 precious water a key was fitted so that 347 00:14:50,810 --> 00:14:52,880 only the key holder could release the 348 00:14:52,880 --> 00:14:56,600 flush after at least 20 persons had used 349 00:14:56,600 --> 00:14:58,760 it I can see how all this all sort of 350 00:14:58,760 --> 00:15:00,680 might come together it seems quite 351 00:15:00,680 --> 00:15:01,370 clever 352 00:15:01,370 --> 00:15:03,740 is it still how the toilet works today 353 00:15:03,740 --> 00:15:05,780 the essentials are exactly the same as 354 00:15:05,780 --> 00:15:08,750 this thing the same idea is what we use 355 00:15:08,750 --> 00:15:12,610 now good job Sir John Harington 356 00:15:13,540 --> 00:15:16,300 after soldiering and fixing the flush 357 00:15:16,300 --> 00:15:18,490 pipes into place we're finally ready to 358 00:15:18,490 --> 00:15:21,520 test our contraption I just can't 359 00:15:21,520 --> 00:15:23,620 believe this is going to go right first 360 00:15:23,620 --> 00:15:25,120 time there's too much potential for 361 00:15:25,120 --> 00:15:27,910 disaster here I think mas suggest we 362 00:15:27,910 --> 00:15:31,200 fill up and give it a try 363 00:15:35,709 --> 00:15:40,779 it's looking a little bit nice but it's 364 00:15:40,779 --> 00:15:43,019 going to work Syria I'm a pityingly 365 00:15:43,019 --> 00:15:45,999 tomorrow we chased the martos because 366 00:15:45,999 --> 00:15:47,589 they were brand new a little be some 367 00:15:47,589 --> 00:15:49,990 fruits so it has only just caught on so 368 00:15:49,990 --> 00:15:55,629 it seems appropriate for us Hey look at 369 00:15:55,629 --> 00:15:58,499 that is looking good 370 00:15:58,499 --> 00:16:02,129 shall we do the bottom 371 00:16:05,999 --> 00:16:08,829 see if you have all they all $1 yeah 372 00:16:08,829 --> 00:16:10,749 well we're with that Frank didn't hold 373 00:16:10,749 --> 00:16:14,410 up too well / no it's not so bad so the 374 00:16:14,410 --> 00:16:16,179 main thing is that the Somalis made its 375 00:16:16,179 --> 00:16:18,730 way beautifully down into the into the 376 00:16:18,730 --> 00:16:21,220 sisters I'm amazed Lizzie were kind the 377 00:16:21,220 --> 00:16:23,379 floors just beautiful pubs it's actually 378 00:16:23,379 --> 00:16:24,670 really effective you had a really this 379 00:16:24,670 --> 00:16:27,249 house was smooth good effort good the 380 00:16:27,249 --> 00:16:29,619 same way but despite its revolutionary 381 00:16:29,619 --> 00:16:32,170 design the Ajax is too early for its 382 00:16:32,170 --> 00:16:34,569 time and it wouldn't really r4 another 383 00:16:34,569 --> 00:16:37,209 200 years in a way it's quite surprising 384 00:16:37,209 --> 00:16:39,160 that once the flushing toilet has been 385 00:16:39,160 --> 00:16:41,620 invented it doesn't catch on but there's 386 00:16:41,620 --> 00:16:43,269 a couple of very good reasons for this 387 00:16:43,269 --> 00:16:45,939 firstly it smells it still smells 388 00:16:45,939 --> 00:16:47,559 there's nothing to stop the bad smell 389 00:16:47,559 --> 00:16:49,420 coming out and affecting the person 390 00:16:49,420 --> 00:16:52,149 who's using the toilet and secondly it's 391 00:16:52,149 --> 00:16:54,490 fixed it's a great big structure the 392 00:16:54,490 --> 00:16:56,529 Queen doesn't want that to go to the 393 00:16:56,529 --> 00:16:59,350 toilet she wasn't order to go to her so 394 00:16:59,350 --> 00:17:01,389 that's why the closed tool remains more 395 00:17:01,389 --> 00:17:03,309 popular as long as you've got someone to 396 00:17:03,309 --> 00:17:05,980 empty it for you then flushing is just a 397 00:17:05,980 --> 00:17:08,770 bit of a gimmick but whatever method the 398 00:17:08,770 --> 00:17:10,569 Elizabethans used to relieve themselves 399 00:17:10,569 --> 00:17:12,760 there was always the question of what to 400 00:17:12,760 --> 00:17:15,609 do for the consequences most houses had 401 00:17:15,609 --> 00:17:17,439 cesspits which were cleaned out by 402 00:17:17,439 --> 00:17:19,569 knights oil men and the waste was used 403 00:17:19,569 --> 00:17:22,119 for compost on market gardens but this 404 00:17:22,119 --> 00:17:24,609 cost a shilling a week many Londoners 405 00:17:24,609 --> 00:17:26,859 dumped their waste directly into the 406 00:17:26,859 --> 00:17:29,380 rivers instead to supply London with 407 00:17:29,380 --> 00:17:31,870 cleaner water it was clear that a new 408 00:17:31,870 --> 00:17:34,450 solution was needed when we turn on our 409 00:17:34,450 --> 00:17:36,650 taps in our modern bathrooms 410 00:17:36,650 --> 00:17:38,300 fresh clean water comes out it is 411 00:17:38,300 --> 00:17:40,970 something of a miracle a huge amount of 412 00:17:40,970 --> 00:17:42,770 plumbing and piping makes this all 413 00:17:42,770 --> 00:17:44,870 possible the beginnings of this 414 00:17:44,870 --> 00:17:46,640 infrastructure were laid in late 415 00:17:46,640 --> 00:17:48,860 Elizabethan London it was a crowded 416 00:17:48,860 --> 00:17:51,740 smelly dirty city its rivers were 417 00:17:51,740 --> 00:17:54,170 saluted it began to be a priority for 418 00:17:54,170 --> 00:17:56,750 Elizabethan to find an alternative to 419 00:17:56,750 --> 00:18:01,700 the stinky Hemi and that alternative was 420 00:18:01,700 --> 00:18:04,490 called the New River where I've come to 421 00:18:04,490 --> 00:18:08,690 meet the historian David ad said David 422 00:18:08,690 --> 00:18:09,980 did they come up with the idea of n 423 00:18:09,980 --> 00:18:12,980 because in Elizabethan London they 424 00:18:12,980 --> 00:18:15,080 started to realize that their sewage and 425 00:18:15,080 --> 00:18:16,700 their drinking water will all mix stuff 426 00:18:16,700 --> 00:18:18,110 together and that this wasn't suggesting 427 00:18:18,110 --> 00:18:21,140 that's absolutely it by the end of Queen 428 00:18:21,140 --> 00:18:23,030 Elizabeth's reign there were 180,000 429 00:18:23,030 --> 00:18:24,770 people living in London and they're 430 00:18:24,770 --> 00:18:26,900 welcome to have proper water supply or 431 00:18:26,900 --> 00:18:29,450 sewage systems built by Sir Hugh 432 00:18:29,450 --> 00:18:32,330 Middleton in 1613 the new river port 433 00:18:32,330 --> 00:18:34,010 water all the way from a spring in 434 00:18:34,010 --> 00:18:34,670 hartfordshire 435 00:18:34,670 --> 00:18:37,370 it took 10 years to build using a single 436 00:18:37,370 --> 00:18:39,470 plow and a hundred men digging by hand 437 00:18:39,470 --> 00:18:41,920 quite then let's have a look on your lab 438 00:18:41,920 --> 00:18:44,750 so that's pretty much the full extent of 439 00:18:44,750 --> 00:18:47,210 the new river going all the way down 440 00:18:47,210 --> 00:18:50,960 where does it start source here so it 441 00:18:50,960 --> 00:18:53,570 winds all the way along here having a 442 00:18:53,570 --> 00:18:56,510 and then down to green since we park 443 00:18:56,510 --> 00:18:58,460 isn't in the New River head they do you 444 00:18:58,460 --> 00:19:00,800 say that's 40 miles long well as the 445 00:19:00,800 --> 00:19:03,170 crow flies it's less than 20 foot 446 00:19:03,170 --> 00:19:06,170 because of all the Wiggles it was over 447 00:19:06,170 --> 00:19:07,730 40 miles when it was first constructed 448 00:19:07,730 --> 00:19:10,280 so what determines its route or what 449 00:19:10,280 --> 00:19:11,810 they were basically trying to do is to 450 00:19:11,810 --> 00:19:14,540 take advantage of gravity so rather than 451 00:19:14,540 --> 00:19:17,120 have the cost of pumping etc etc and 452 00:19:17,120 --> 00:19:18,950 long term maintenance they simply 453 00:19:18,950 --> 00:19:21,250 followed the hundred foot contour line 454 00:19:21,250 --> 00:19:23,780 that's quite a job as an engineering 455 00:19:23,780 --> 00:19:25,340 feat it's up there with the Channel 456 00:19:25,340 --> 00:19:26,930 Tunnel or the Great Western Railway 457 00:19:26,930 --> 00:19:28,850 isn't it it's actually the extraordinary 458 00:19:28,850 --> 00:19:29,890 yep 459 00:19:29,890 --> 00:19:32,350 the water ended up in reservoirs at 460 00:19:32,350 --> 00:19:34,570 Sadler's Wells somewhere it slows down 461 00:19:34,570 --> 00:19:38,760 into the city through cast wooden pipes 462 00:19:38,760 --> 00:19:41,770 they procured Elm from all the Home 463 00:19:41,770 --> 00:19:43,480 Counties I mean thousands and thousands 464 00:19:43,480 --> 00:19:45,220 of Elms and they bought them by the ton 465 00:19:45,220 --> 00:19:47,530 and they topped them into five foot 466 00:19:47,530 --> 00:19:51,160 lengths and they then bore them out so 467 00:19:51,160 --> 00:19:53,380 these are the strings of elm types there 468 00:19:53,380 --> 00:19:54,820 are particular reason for the choice of 469 00:19:54,820 --> 00:19:58,090 Elm well Elm has fairly unique 470 00:19:58,090 --> 00:19:59,650 properties it's got a sort of twisted 471 00:19:59,650 --> 00:20:03,070 grain so that that meant where the pipes 472 00:20:03,070 --> 00:20:05,470 were exposed to sunlight they were less 473 00:20:05,470 --> 00:20:07,750 likely to split me it's the best pipe 474 00:20:07,750 --> 00:20:09,580 though these pipes are just running 475 00:20:09,580 --> 00:20:11,530 along the top of the road well I meant 476 00:20:11,530 --> 00:20:13,030 going on we have seen that in this 477 00:20:13,030 --> 00:20:15,010 street here our gratefulness I think you 478 00:20:15,010 --> 00:20:16,270 probably would and there are 479 00:20:16,270 --> 00:20:19,000 descriptions in some streets and squares 480 00:20:19,000 --> 00:20:21,549 in London of as many as nine strings of 481 00:20:21,549 --> 00:20:23,710 these pipes nine quite for one size 482 00:20:23,710 --> 00:20:25,570 incredible that they can screen moves 483 00:20:25,570 --> 00:20:28,750 the character lead pipes called quills 484 00:20:28,750 --> 00:20:30,400 were then drilled into the wood and 485 00:20:30,400 --> 00:20:33,490 connected to paying customers homes for 486 00:20:33,490 --> 00:20:35,710 the first time fresh hartfordshire water 487 00:20:35,710 --> 00:20:38,049 instead of the dirty Thames could be 488 00:20:38,049 --> 00:20:40,419 used for drinking and washing it costs 489 00:20:40,419 --> 00:20:42,070 twenty four shillings a year the 490 00:20:42,070 --> 00:20:43,540 equivalent of one hundred and sixty 491 00:20:43,540 --> 00:20:46,900 pounds today it was such a successful 492 00:20:46,900 --> 00:20:48,940 system that it was still being used a 493 00:20:48,940 --> 00:21:00,820 hundred years later in Georgian here is 494 00:21:00,820 --> 00:21:03,100 the point at which water finally gets 495 00:21:03,100 --> 00:21:06,010 into the house and it comes in down here 496 00:21:06,010 --> 00:21:08,650 in these underground kitchen basements 497 00:21:08,650 --> 00:21:11,500 and there's a tap here not everybody has 498 00:21:11,500 --> 00:21:14,049 a tap and not everybody had water every 499 00:21:14,049 --> 00:21:16,090 day different streets have their own 500 00:21:16,090 --> 00:21:18,040 water day when the supply would be 501 00:21:18,040 --> 00:21:20,500 turned on for a couple of hours so when 502 00:21:20,500 --> 00:21:21,910 it was your water day you've got all 503 00:21:21,910 --> 00:21:23,200 your pots and pans you filled up 504 00:21:23,200 --> 00:21:25,419 everything you could because one for 505 00:21:25,419 --> 00:21:29,400 today was over that's it till next time 506 00:21:29,400 --> 00:21:32,080 the water was then carried upstairs to 507 00:21:32,080 --> 00:21:34,480 dressing tables set up in the corners of 508 00:21:34,480 --> 00:21:37,150 Georgian bedrooms these toilet stations 509 00:21:37,150 --> 00:21:39,429 were like modern bathrooms in miniature 510 00:21:39,429 --> 00:21:42,070 with their trio of jug bowl and washed 511 00:21:42,070 --> 00:21:43,990 and this is where George and men and 512 00:21:43,990 --> 00:21:45,900 women would have had their morning wash 513 00:21:45,900 --> 00:21:48,730 unlike today this was a social event 514 00:21:48,730 --> 00:21:51,429 wealthy people would even allow visitors 515 00:21:51,429 --> 00:21:53,860 to watch to learn more about the 516 00:21:53,860 --> 00:21:55,950 Georgian twilit I'm meeting historian 517 00:21:55,950 --> 00:21:58,390 Amanda Vickery I think I would be 518 00:21:58,390 --> 00:22:01,360 washing my face enough on my hands any 519 00:22:01,360 --> 00:22:03,760 other body parts I think the extremities 520 00:22:03,760 --> 00:22:05,740 I think the eastern sea I think the face 521 00:22:05,740 --> 00:22:07,660 and hands and sometimes of water is 522 00:22:07,660 --> 00:22:10,630 enough you know no wipe down with linen 523 00:22:10,630 --> 00:22:12,669 because again how much of your body is 524 00:22:12,669 --> 00:22:14,470 going to be seen by the world it's what 525 00:22:14,470 --> 00:22:16,780 protrudes out of your clothes 526 00:22:16,780 --> 00:22:18,309 we call this a basin it is the 527 00:22:18,309 --> 00:22:20,860 forerunner to the modern wash basin that 528 00:22:20,860 --> 00:22:23,020 we have in our bathroom today isn't it 529 00:22:23,020 --> 00:22:24,550 well I suppose this is this is the 530 00:22:24,550 --> 00:22:25,840 beginning of the idea that you're going 531 00:22:25,840 --> 00:22:28,720 to have a sink I mean some servants got 532 00:22:28,720 --> 00:22:31,059 some labour up the stairs with that hot 533 00:22:31,059 --> 00:22:33,340 water you know I do like the idea that 534 00:22:33,340 --> 00:22:36,190 the wash basin comes to me I have a go 535 00:22:36,190 --> 00:22:37,929 to the washed face well I even imagine 536 00:22:37,929 --> 00:22:39,669 it's lovely just rolling out of bed and 537 00:22:39,669 --> 00:22:41,919 there it is you know or lovely and warm 538 00:22:41,919 --> 00:22:43,720 to cater for the tastes of an 539 00:22:43,720 --> 00:22:46,330 aspirational middle class new items of 540 00:22:46,330 --> 00:22:49,090 wash we're exploded onto the market for 541 00:22:49,090 --> 00:22:51,340 men's shaving tables to a thoroughly new 542 00:22:51,340 --> 00:22:54,010 invention the bday it didn't really 543 00:22:54,010 --> 00:22:55,780 catch on dinner till they did in France 544 00:22:55,780 --> 00:22:58,210 and then the interesting thing is it 545 00:22:58,210 --> 00:22:59,559 seems that it's prostitutes and 546 00:22:59,559 --> 00:23:01,870 courtesans in France who really drive on 547 00:23:01,870 --> 00:23:04,690 the fashion for the bday so I love that 548 00:23:04,690 --> 00:23:07,030 idea really that these women who have so 549 00:23:07,030 --> 00:23:08,950 despised were actually at the forefront 550 00:23:08,950 --> 00:23:11,050 fashion because clearly it's in their 551 00:23:11,050 --> 00:23:12,640 interest to be as fresh as possible for 552 00:23:12,640 --> 00:23:12,890 them 553 00:23:12,890 --> 00:23:15,740 customer mmm but in England they are 554 00:23:15,740 --> 00:23:17,690 always viewed with great suspicion well 555 00:23:17,690 --> 00:23:19,820 is unsurprising really if it's something 556 00:23:19,820 --> 00:23:21,440 that's deployed by a French prostitute 557 00:23:21,440 --> 00:23:23,690 you can't imagine okay I'll think of all 558 00:23:23,690 --> 00:23:26,420 that's the thing for me exposed to the 559 00:23:26,420 --> 00:23:28,670 eyes of visitors a washing station was 560 00:23:28,670 --> 00:23:30,320 also a sign of status 561 00:23:30,320 --> 00:23:32,120 it was crammed with perfume bottles 562 00:23:32,120 --> 00:23:34,880 combs head scratches all the fashionable 563 00:23:34,880 --> 00:23:37,580 accoutrements including makeup so if 564 00:23:37,580 --> 00:23:38,750 this made it something that kind of 565 00:23:38,750 --> 00:23:41,380 culture Neel around well Chanel was one 566 00:23:41,380 --> 00:23:43,580 ingredient to food and the other thing 567 00:23:43,580 --> 00:23:46,610 you could do just get a red ribbon like 568 00:23:46,610 --> 00:23:48,860 this one and cut it and wetters and you 569 00:23:48,860 --> 00:23:50,900 could use that tool was allowed to slap 570 00:23:50,900 --> 00:23:52,640 the cheeks myself hahaha 571 00:23:52,640 --> 00:23:55,190 despite access to fresh water the 572 00:23:55,190 --> 00:23:57,290 toilette was more about makeup perfume 573 00:23:57,290 --> 00:24:00,080 and powder more about disguising dirt 574 00:24:00,080 --> 00:24:02,630 than washing it off and to make matters 575 00:24:02,630 --> 00:24:05,540 worse in 1712 Queen Anne imposed attacks 576 00:24:05,540 --> 00:24:08,270 on soap so burdensome that soap became a 577 00:24:08,270 --> 00:24:09,380 luxury item 578 00:24:09,380 --> 00:24:11,780 can you possibly give me half of my wig 579 00:24:11,780 --> 00:24:15,170 I'm just putting something around gave 580 00:24:15,170 --> 00:24:17,180 me a how do you mean be your server 581 00:24:17,180 --> 00:24:19,910 poker I really always think oh I'd love 582 00:24:19,910 --> 00:24:21,290 to go back in the past and I think 583 00:24:21,290 --> 00:24:23,060 they'd marry mr. Darcy but possibly the 584 00:24:23,060 --> 00:24:26,120 housemates are we related me am i 585 00:24:26,120 --> 00:24:29,830 sticking it on oh well if you want mine 586 00:24:30,100 --> 00:24:32,960 so this is a real treat Amanda if you 587 00:24:32,960 --> 00:24:34,250 want to do it just use the little 588 00:24:34,250 --> 00:24:38,150 fellows where is it now you can't 589 00:24:38,150 --> 00:24:40,720 contain that 590 00:24:41,990 --> 00:24:46,470 [Music] 591 00:24:46,470 --> 00:24:48,700 lots of people think that the 18th 592 00:24:48,700 --> 00:24:50,740 century was the age of elegance but I 593 00:24:50,740 --> 00:24:53,110 think it was the age of 40 holder 594 00:24:53,110 --> 00:24:54,820 however we have seen something very 595 00:24:54,820 --> 00:24:56,980 interesting out there that's the surface 596 00:24:56,980 --> 00:24:59,110 of modern bathrooms that little corner 597 00:24:59,110 --> 00:25:01,330 of the bedroom it has the ingredients of 598 00:25:01,330 --> 00:25:03,820 a basin fresh water even a little piece 599 00:25:03,820 --> 00:25:06,040 of soup if you could afford it so that's 600 00:25:06,040 --> 00:25:07,810 the first time we've seen part of the 601 00:25:07,810 --> 00:25:10,030 house just given over to washing and 602 00:25:10,030 --> 00:25:12,250 that corner of the bedroom will go on to 603 00:25:12,250 --> 00:25:17,320 become a whole room of its own even if 604 00:25:17,320 --> 00:25:19,420 the toilette involves more perfume and 605 00:25:19,420 --> 00:25:21,760 powder than water the concepts of 606 00:25:21,760 --> 00:25:24,130 bathing did return to prominence for the 607 00:25:24,130 --> 00:25:27,160 first time since the medieval age but 608 00:25:27,160 --> 00:25:28,930 rather than bathing in hot water to 609 00:25:28,930 --> 00:25:31,120 cleanse the body the Georgians 610 00:25:31,120 --> 00:25:33,220 preach the medicinal virtues of cold 611 00:25:33,220 --> 00:25:37,450 water in particular the water Georgian 612 00:25:37,450 --> 00:25:38,740 doctors are recommending that you 613 00:25:38,740 --> 00:25:41,310 immerse your body into seawater secure 614 00:25:41,310 --> 00:25:43,810 practically anything from constipation 615 00:25:43,810 --> 00:25:46,420 to infertility to what they call 616 00:25:46,420 --> 00:25:49,300 disorders of the codpiece economy and in 617 00:25:49,300 --> 00:25:51,190 fact the creation I like most of all is 618 00:25:51,190 --> 00:25:53,050 the one the doctor who recommends that 619 00:25:53,050 --> 00:25:55,530 you go into cold water because it will 620 00:25:55,530 --> 00:26:01,030 powerfully excite your stupid mind the 621 00:26:01,030 --> 00:26:03,790 sea was regarded as frightening so for 622 00:26:03,790 --> 00:26:05,290 those people it's like up the courage to 623 00:26:05,290 --> 00:26:07,390 get into it it was recommended they 624 00:26:07,390 --> 00:26:10,210 drink it instead and this peculiar 625 00:26:10,210 --> 00:26:12,490 looking drink is the prescription of dr. 626 00:26:12,490 --> 00:26:15,160 Richard Russell and little cure 627 00:26:15,160 --> 00:26:17,110 absolutely anything if you believe him 628 00:26:17,110 --> 00:26:19,480 is the point of seawater spoils with 629 00:26:19,480 --> 00:26:22,240 milk and cream of tartar and I'm going 630 00:26:22,240 --> 00:26:25,020 to tell you what it tastes like 631 00:26:31,720 --> 00:26:35,750 that takes exactly like bullet and I'd 632 00:26:35,750 --> 00:26:37,279 rather have a swim in the season during 633 00:26:37,279 --> 00:26:38,990 a point of that 634 00:26:38,990 --> 00:26:41,259 [Music] 635 00:26:41,259 --> 00:26:44,809 haha exciting the losers Club I can get 636 00:26:44,809 --> 00:26:47,169 again 637 00:26:48,830 --> 00:26:51,900 [Music] 638 00:26:52,970 --> 00:26:56,159 to preserve their modesty ladies wore 639 00:26:56,159 --> 00:26:58,649 long dresses weighted down with lead so 640 00:26:58,649 --> 00:27:00,090 that they wouldn't reveal anything that 641 00:27:00,090 --> 00:27:02,669 shouldn't be seen by gentlemen they were 642 00:27:02,669 --> 00:27:04,649 taken down to the waters in horse-drawn 643 00:27:04,649 --> 00:27:06,720 feeding machines and helped him by 644 00:27:06,720 --> 00:27:08,610 doctors and elderly mittens 645 00:27:08,610 --> 00:27:11,290 knew such luxury for me 646 00:27:11,290 --> 00:27:15,450 [Music] 647 00:27:15,450 --> 00:27:15,680 [Applause] 648 00:27:15,680 --> 00:27:22,660 [Music] 649 00:27:25,460 --> 00:27:28,230 lots of clumsy and all one thing please 650 00:27:28,230 --> 00:27:30,870 give us one in case they burst a 651 00:27:30,870 --> 00:27:33,000 blood-vessel say I might be going too 652 00:27:33,000 --> 00:27:35,660 big too quickly around pretty rather 653 00:27:35,660 --> 00:27:38,490 hearings we present it certainly waking 654 00:27:38,490 --> 00:27:38,760 me up 655 00:27:38,760 --> 00:27:43,230 it smelled like drowsy seriously 656 00:27:43,230 --> 00:27:46,830 it's invigorated my design I really 657 00:27:46,830 --> 00:27:48,960 quite enjoy this so I can see why some 658 00:27:48,960 --> 00:27:51,000 Georgian lady for whom she must they 659 00:27:51,000 --> 00:27:56,159 never did it again over the next hundred 660 00:27:56,159 --> 00:27:59,610 years between 1750 and 1850 Britain was 661 00:27:59,610 --> 00:28:01,679 now plunge headlong into the greatest 662 00:28:01,679 --> 00:28:03,299 social and economic change in this 663 00:28:03,299 --> 00:28:06,260 history the Industrial Revolution 664 00:28:06,260 --> 00:28:09,149 alongside cotton mills and steam trains 665 00:28:09,149 --> 00:28:11,460 came gas lamps and the first kitchen 666 00:28:11,460 --> 00:28:13,679 range this age of invention would 667 00:28:13,679 --> 00:28:15,929 transform home and culminate in the 668 00:28:15,929 --> 00:28:19,080 Great Exhibition of 1851 the greatest 669 00:28:19,080 --> 00:28:21,090 showcase for British technology the 670 00:28:21,090 --> 00:28:22,429 world had ever seen 671 00:28:22,429 --> 00:28:25,980 the watchmaker Alexander coming became 672 00:28:25,980 --> 00:28:27,779 the first to reinvent the John 673 00:28:27,779 --> 00:28:31,590 Harrington's Ajax toilet in 1775 but it 674 00:28:31,590 --> 00:28:33,389 was at the Great Exhibition so the 675 00:28:33,389 --> 00:28:35,250 masses would not only see new pieces of 676 00:28:35,250 --> 00:28:37,919 bathroom technology but also used the 677 00:28:37,919 --> 00:28:40,620 flushing toilet for the first time the 678 00:28:40,620 --> 00:28:42,240 lack of public toilets had once 679 00:28:42,240 --> 00:28:44,549 restricted women's mobility outside the 680 00:28:44,549 --> 00:28:47,159 home but now the streets of London could 681 00:28:47,159 --> 00:28:50,549 potentially be transformed 51 Bedford 682 00:28:50,549 --> 00:28:51,899 Street is not a well known address but 683 00:28:51,899 --> 00:28:53,639 it's so important in the history of 684 00:28:53,639 --> 00:28:55,799 London it's now a news agents that this 685 00:28:55,799 --> 00:28:58,049 is where the first public toilets for 686 00:28:58,049 --> 00:29:00,659 women were this is just in the wait is a 687 00:29:00,659 --> 00:29:03,659 great exhibition of 1851 where over 688 00:29:03,659 --> 00:29:05,909 800,000 people use the public loo and 689 00:29:05,909 --> 00:29:08,309 really impress five unfortunately it 690 00:29:08,309 --> 00:29:09,960 didn't really catch on here there are 691 00:29:09,960 --> 00:29:12,450 two reasons for this firstly women were 692 00:29:12,450 --> 00:29:14,760 ashamed to be seen for using a public 693 00:29:14,760 --> 00:29:16,500 toilet women weren't supposed to go they 694 00:29:16,500 --> 00:29:18,419 also weren't expected to be out on the 695 00:29:18,419 --> 00:29:20,700 streets of the city secondly it was 696 00:29:20,700 --> 00:29:22,710 expensive it costs you tough and start 697 00:29:22,710 --> 00:29:24,870 to use the toilet another to to wash 698 00:29:24,870 --> 00:29:27,570 your hands so that's open not exactly 699 00:29:27,570 --> 00:29:30,740 spending a penny is it 700 00:29:31,120 --> 00:29:32,280 [Music] 701 00:29:32,280 --> 00:29:34,410 the public knew didn't catch on 702 00:29:34,410 --> 00:29:36,870 immediately but the flushing toilets did 703 00:29:36,870 --> 00:29:39,300 and the main beneficiary of this new 704 00:29:39,300 --> 00:29:41,670 revolution was not a person but a city 705 00:29:41,670 --> 00:29:43,170 stoke-on-trent 706 00:29:43,170 --> 00:29:45,240 a regional hub of the Industrial 707 00:29:45,240 --> 00:29:47,430 Revolution it was here in the kilns of 708 00:29:47,430 --> 00:29:49,500 its potteries that the world's toilets 709 00:29:49,500 --> 00:29:52,710 would be made in a gallery devoted 710 00:29:52,710 --> 00:29:55,320 entirely to the humble loo I'm meeting 711 00:29:55,320 --> 00:29:57,900 Angela Lee a curator who knows more 712 00:29:57,900 --> 00:30:01,160 about toilets than anyone else on earth 713 00:30:01,160 --> 00:30:04,080 so stoke-on-trent it's really the toilet 714 00:30:04,080 --> 00:30:06,270 capital of the world isn't it I've never 715 00:30:06,270 --> 00:30:08,760 seen so many different toilets before is 716 00:30:08,760 --> 00:30:10,860 it treated the largest collection in the 717 00:30:10,860 --> 00:30:14,190 whole world area this museum is filled 718 00:30:14,190 --> 00:30:16,560 with hundreds of toilets all of which 719 00:30:16,560 --> 00:30:18,510 were patented by a number of competing 720 00:30:18,510 --> 00:30:21,660 Victorian inventors the most famous of 721 00:30:21,660 --> 00:30:23,220 them all was Thomas Crapper 722 00:30:23,220 --> 00:30:25,530 a man who many believed to have been the 723 00:30:25,530 --> 00:30:28,110 sole inventor of the flushing loop it 724 00:30:28,110 --> 00:30:29,880 would be great if you could explain for 725 00:30:29,880 --> 00:30:32,790 me the myth of Thomas Crapper Thomas 726 00:30:32,790 --> 00:30:33,210 Crapper 727 00:30:33,210 --> 00:30:36,150 is important in sanitation history but 728 00:30:36,150 --> 00:30:37,560 not for the reasons that people think 729 00:30:37,560 --> 00:30:39,780 use he didn't invent the flushing no he 730 00:30:39,780 --> 00:30:41,670 didn't event the flushing toilet because 731 00:30:41,670 --> 00:30:44,160 no one person did and crap doesn't come 732 00:30:44,160 --> 00:30:45,900 from his name that's such a 733 00:30:45,900 --> 00:30:48,450 disappointment you know and it's a 734 00:30:48,450 --> 00:30:52,050 really old word meaning rubbish or waste 735 00:30:52,050 --> 00:30:54,120 or something you desperately want to get 736 00:30:54,120 --> 00:30:55,980 rid of in the 18th century people were 737 00:30:55,980 --> 00:30:58,440 using chamber pots and closed stools in 738 00:30:58,440 --> 00:31:00,330 different rooms of the house sometimes 739 00:31:00,330 --> 00:31:03,120 with other people present but now this 740 00:31:03,120 --> 00:31:05,820 becomes the completely solitary activity 741 00:31:05,820 --> 00:31:08,520 because merci there has always been a 742 00:31:08,520 --> 00:31:10,860 sense of privacy if you could afford it 743 00:31:10,860 --> 00:31:13,440 say in the Victorian age who becomes 744 00:31:13,440 --> 00:31:15,960 taboo I mean certainly didn't want to be 745 00:31:15,960 --> 00:31:17,490 seen and that was a problem with the 746 00:31:17,490 --> 00:31:20,910 early toys I went jolly noisy so quite 747 00:31:20,910 --> 00:31:23,640 often what would happen was you'd use 748 00:31:23,640 --> 00:31:25,890 the chamber port and then empty into 749 00:31:25,890 --> 00:31:27,480 your flushing toilet where there was 750 00:31:27,480 --> 00:31:29,180 nobody else around 751 00:31:29,180 --> 00:31:32,310 Elizabeth the first Ajax had failed to 752 00:31:32,310 --> 00:31:34,470 prevent noxious gases rising up its 753 00:31:34,470 --> 00:31:36,960 pipes and into the palace but all these 754 00:31:36,960 --> 00:31:39,360 toilets seated the great technological 755 00:31:39,360 --> 00:31:41,850 breakthrough you bend and s-bend 756 00:31:41,850 --> 00:31:44,070 pipes when flushed the curve of the 757 00:31:44,070 --> 00:31:46,740 pipes created water trap which prevented 758 00:31:46,740 --> 00:31:49,820 smells from coming back up into the room 759 00:31:49,820 --> 00:31:52,620 with this design breakthrough toilets of 760 00:31:52,620 --> 00:31:54,810 all shapes and sizes flooded the market 761 00:31:54,810 --> 00:31:57,300 determined to win over the public with 762 00:31:57,300 --> 00:32:01,410 some fabulous names it seems to me that 763 00:32:01,410 --> 00:32:03,240 people are inventing new types of toilet 764 00:32:03,240 --> 00:32:04,830 every 10 minutes throughout the 19th 765 00:32:04,830 --> 00:32:06,930 century certainly 1870s 766 00:32:06,930 --> 00:32:08,430 it's like mobile phones they're going 767 00:32:08,430 --> 00:32:09,900 off in all different directions every 768 00:32:09,900 --> 00:32:12,030 company wants to get to this new big 769 00:32:12,030 --> 00:32:15,750 market of making toilets but then 10 15 770 00:32:15,750 --> 00:32:18,330 years later is all settled and we have 771 00:32:18,330 --> 00:32:19,740 the British Standard toilet the toilet 772 00:32:19,740 --> 00:32:23,880 we know today as Victorian England fell 773 00:32:23,880 --> 00:32:26,100 under the spell of the flushing loo the 774 00:32:26,100 --> 00:32:28,740 sudden surge in mass flushing created a 775 00:32:28,740 --> 00:32:31,250 major public's problems 776 00:32:31,250 --> 00:32:33,770 in order to see just how big a problem 777 00:32:33,770 --> 00:32:35,750 it was I've come to the northern out 778 00:32:35,750 --> 00:32:38,929 board sewer in London until the 1840s 779 00:32:38,929 --> 00:32:41,360 your own Serge with your own problem you 780 00:32:41,360 --> 00:32:43,159 kept it in your own separate that the 781 00:32:43,159 --> 00:32:45,020 long to your house or you paid 782 00:32:45,020 --> 00:32:47,360 night-night romance takes away what 783 00:32:47,360 --> 00:32:48,919 happens in the 1840s is that the 784 00:32:48,919 --> 00:32:50,240 government says you've got a link up 785 00:32:50,240 --> 00:32:52,850 your water closet he's a general James 786 00:32:52,850 --> 00:32:55,610 which he used for surface water it was a 787 00:32:55,610 --> 00:32:57,530 good idea but it just didn't work if the 788 00:32:57,530 --> 00:32:58,880 James couldn't take it they weren't 789 00:32:58,880 --> 00:33:00,919 designed for it and literally if there's 790 00:33:00,919 --> 00:33:03,010 a storm or the surge came back up 791 00:33:03,010 --> 00:33:06,080 exploded all over Hoban if it's for 792 00:33:06,080 --> 00:33:10,940 example 1858 was the great think when 793 00:33:10,940 --> 00:33:13,250 the thames was absolutely horrific and 794 00:33:13,250 --> 00:33:15,830 everyone realized london needed new 795 00:33:15,830 --> 00:33:18,350 drains the answer for solution to the 796 00:33:18,350 --> 00:33:21,940 whole problem we can see it down there 797 00:33:21,940 --> 00:33:24,890 and that solution with the world's first 798 00:33:24,890 --> 00:33:27,409 purpose-built sewer system built by the 799 00:33:27,409 --> 00:33:30,290 engineer Joseph passenger 800 00:33:30,290 --> 00:33:33,820 I think they could just lower me now 801 00:33:33,820 --> 00:33:38,360 like like a carpet it's like they're 802 00:33:38,360 --> 00:33:44,290 Laden over extend out the heavens or the 803 00:33:44,290 --> 00:33:47,330 loose Stanny come cuddle more steps 804 00:33:47,330 --> 00:33:49,100 don't marry didn't say about couple 805 00:33:49,100 --> 00:33:54,140 advil all right am i standing an actual 806 00:33:54,140 --> 00:33:56,360 tool here you are indeed yeah 807 00:33:56,360 --> 00:33:58,000 you're not actually making it yet right 808 00:33:58,000 --> 00:34:03,140 they are top Alex welcome to barrel 809 00:34:03,140 --> 00:34:04,880 number three of the northern outfall sir 810 00:34:04,880 --> 00:34:06,590 I can see why people say the scissor 811 00:34:06,590 --> 00:34:08,540 like a Cathedral sister is a bitch 812 00:34:08,540 --> 00:34:13,370 she's and caring and spectacular are you 813 00:34:13,370 --> 00:34:15,440 impressed as an engineer today with what 814 00:34:15,440 --> 00:34:18,350 gas injected you think he was good at 815 00:34:18,350 --> 00:34:22,909 this job she was gladion office three 816 00:34:22,909 --> 00:34:25,370 cholera epidemics as swept over london 817 00:34:25,370 --> 00:34:27,739 by the mid 1800s killing more than a 818 00:34:27,739 --> 00:34:30,199 hundred thousand cholera was still 819 00:34:30,199 --> 00:34:31,880 believed to be transmitted through bad 820 00:34:31,880 --> 00:34:34,790 air or miasma the sewers were designed 821 00:34:34,790 --> 00:34:36,830 to enclose it and London's waste 822 00:34:36,830 --> 00:34:38,929 carrying it away from the rivers for the 823 00:34:38,929 --> 00:34:42,050 first time measuring 1,300 miles and 824 00:34:42,050 --> 00:34:44,360 built in just nine years this remarkable 825 00:34:44,360 --> 00:34:46,940 feat was followed by similar schemes all 826 00:34:46,940 --> 00:34:49,070 over the land there babbled n is amazing 827 00:34:49,070 --> 00:34:53,330 stores they allowed the Morgan Barton to 828 00:34:53,330 --> 00:34:55,580 happen you couldn't have water closets 829 00:34:55,580 --> 00:34:58,340 until valchek came along and made this 830 00:34:58,340 --> 00:35:01,970 transformation with the creation of the 831 00:35:01,970 --> 00:35:04,280 sewers and a citywide net worth of lead 832 00:35:04,280 --> 00:35:06,410 pipes to replace the wooden pipes as a 833 00:35:06,410 --> 00:35:08,540 past house it could now be built with a 834 00:35:08,540 --> 00:35:11,270 wonderful new feature pipes water which 835 00:35:11,270 --> 00:35:13,460 went not just to the basement but to all 836 00:35:13,460 --> 00:35:15,860 areas of the house in particular to a 837 00:35:15,860 --> 00:35:19,270 completely new room the bathroom 838 00:35:19,270 --> 00:35:21,520 in order to see some really advanced 839 00:35:21,520 --> 00:35:23,680 Victorian plumbing I've come to this 840 00:35:23,680 --> 00:35:26,290 London house I'm being shown around by 841 00:35:26,290 --> 00:35:30,070 his curator Rina Suleiman essentially 842 00:35:30,070 --> 00:35:33,100 used by the servants and they had a what 843 00:35:33,100 --> 00:35:35,680 they called a revolving wash basin or 844 00:35:35,680 --> 00:35:38,020 the pickup sink you have your wash you 845 00:35:38,020 --> 00:35:42,070 revolve it and the water rushes out and 846 00:35:42,070 --> 00:35:43,540 you can see right down the dreamer 847 00:35:43,540 --> 00:35:44,650 that's how it works 848 00:35:44,650 --> 00:35:47,680 this house was rented in the 1870s by 849 00:35:47,680 --> 00:35:50,290 the artist lynly Sanborn it came not 850 00:35:50,290 --> 00:35:52,180 only with the downstairs toilet but also 851 00:35:52,180 --> 00:35:55,600 plumbed in bathrooms for mrs. Sanborn 852 00:35:55,600 --> 00:35:57,400 though being connected to the sewers was 853 00:35:57,400 --> 00:36:00,310 not a wander but a curse here we go so 854 00:36:00,310 --> 00:36:03,670 this is mrs. Sanborn bedroom and this is 855 00:36:03,670 --> 00:36:06,670 her own London washing station but it 856 00:36:06,670 --> 00:36:07,900 would have been considered quite a von 857 00:36:07,900 --> 00:36:10,180 guard at the time now I've got this idea 858 00:36:10,180 --> 00:36:13,090 that she well she didn't like drains and 859 00:36:13,090 --> 00:36:14,680 having been down the sewer I can really 860 00:36:14,680 --> 00:36:16,240 understand that it was disgusting down 861 00:36:16,240 --> 00:36:18,910 there and she kept the plug in all time 862 00:36:18,910 --> 00:36:21,610 she did and not only did she keep the 863 00:36:21,610 --> 00:36:23,740 tugging but she hardly ever used it she 864 00:36:23,740 --> 00:36:25,630 doesn't like that she's still using the 865 00:36:25,630 --> 00:36:27,040 old system which is all laid out here 866 00:36:27,040 --> 00:36:28,900 and that down there is the chamber pot 867 00:36:28,900 --> 00:36:30,609 which she's still using even though 868 00:36:30,609 --> 00:36:32,950 there are three plumbed in toilets in 869 00:36:32,950 --> 00:36:34,750 this house now I don't blame her because 870 00:36:34,750 --> 00:36:36,910 it's kind of nicer in here than it is in 871 00:36:36,910 --> 00:36:40,119 the cold stony bathroom and people would 872 00:36:40,119 --> 00:36:41,800 have seen how if she'd gone to the 873 00:36:41,800 --> 00:36:45,070 bathroom which is immodest yes also 874 00:36:45,070 --> 00:36:46,359 given the costumes that they were 875 00:36:46,359 --> 00:36:47,560 wearing as well it would have been quite 876 00:36:47,560 --> 00:36:49,570 cumbersome I've myriad of skirts that 877 00:36:49,570 --> 00:36:51,430 they had underneath and to be able to 878 00:36:51,430 --> 00:36:53,200 pull those up you'd need to be in 879 00:36:53,200 --> 00:36:55,240 private in a big room with a chamber pot 880 00:36:55,240 --> 00:36:57,090 yeah 881 00:36:57,090 --> 00:37:00,880 and mrs. Sanborn was not alone in Dundee 882 00:37:00,880 --> 00:37:02,890 and mrs. Fowler claims to have been 883 00:37:02,890 --> 00:37:04,960 poisoned by the proximity of her bedroom 884 00:37:04,960 --> 00:37:08,470 sink to the city's main sewer mr. 885 00:37:08,470 --> 00:37:10,990 Sanborn however had a little more faith 886 00:37:10,990 --> 00:37:15,940 in his plumbing we're in a recognizably 887 00:37:15,940 --> 00:37:18,700 modern bathroom to the first time yes 888 00:37:18,700 --> 00:37:21,430 here it is this is the 1880s is it the 889 00:37:21,430 --> 00:37:24,910 DFS foot in you go mr. Sanborn had a 890 00:37:24,910 --> 00:37:26,890 cold bath here every morning that he 891 00:37:26,890 --> 00:37:29,410 didn't have hot water yet although as an 892 00:37:29,410 --> 00:37:31,360 artist keen to explore the new medium of 893 00:37:31,360 --> 00:37:33,940 photography he didn't use the bath just 894 00:37:33,940 --> 00:37:37,330 for bathing this whole bath was designed 895 00:37:37,330 --> 00:37:40,090 to house his chemical so this shelf was 896 00:37:40,090 --> 00:37:43,320 fitted Daria so when I was doing the 897 00:37:43,320 --> 00:37:45,490 photographic stuff he'd open up the 898 00:37:45,490 --> 00:37:48,610 shelf and that's all the equipment on 899 00:37:48,610 --> 00:37:51,730 here yes God looking sisters here there 900 00:37:51,730 --> 00:37:53,350 are interesting I was getting on with 901 00:37:53,350 --> 00:37:55,600 Billy Photography was very key to who 902 00:37:55,600 --> 00:37:57,550 the way that he worked here asserted 903 00:37:57,550 --> 00:37:59,830 them as his pencil sketches and he would 904 00:37:59,830 --> 00:38:02,470 develop these photographs and trace them 905 00:38:02,470 --> 00:38:05,410 and do final drawings for punch a little 906 00:38:05,410 --> 00:38:07,060 bit absolutely essential that all these 907 00:38:07,060 --> 00:38:11,230 ladies were naked no no and what did his 908 00:38:11,230 --> 00:38:13,150 wife think about all of this well the 909 00:38:13,150 --> 00:38:15,070 interesting thing is mrs. King who is 910 00:38:15,070 --> 00:38:17,350 one of sanborns favorite models who came 911 00:38:17,350 --> 00:38:19,510 here and to be photographed and that's 912 00:38:19,510 --> 00:38:21,700 actually that table survives and is in 913 00:38:21,700 --> 00:38:24,460 the morning room and that's in his a 914 00:38:24,460 --> 00:38:26,410 morning room in his own house yes did 915 00:38:26,410 --> 00:38:28,060 his wife know that mrs. King was sitting 916 00:38:28,060 --> 00:38:29,560 in the morning room was no closer well 917 00:38:29,560 --> 00:38:31,090 no well if you have to read their 918 00:38:31,090 --> 00:38:33,010 Diaries in parallel for that particular 919 00:38:33,010 --> 00:38:34,870 day so she's actually holidaying in 920 00:38:34,870 --> 00:38:37,180 Ramsgate Assoc well out of the way when 921 00:38:37,180 --> 00:38:39,430 mrs. and he's given the servants the day 922 00:38:39,430 --> 00:38:44,710 off I've got a book of bathroom porn 923 00:38:44,710 --> 00:38:47,520 here it's full of new technologies 924 00:38:47,520 --> 00:38:49,450 exploded in the late 19th century 925 00:38:49,450 --> 00:38:55,300 between 1855 and 99 4700 people applied 926 00:38:55,300 --> 00:38:58,090 for a patent to do with some new bit of 927 00:38:58,090 --> 00:39:01,260 bathroom kit and the middle classes are 928 00:39:01,260 --> 00:39:03,340 creating bathrooms that we would 929 00:39:03,340 --> 00:39:05,260 recognize that is where it all starts in 930 00:39:05,260 --> 00:39:05,790 the late night 931 00:39:05,790 --> 00:39:09,360 a century where as toilet technology had 932 00:39:09,360 --> 00:39:11,850 been the obsession at the 1840s now it 933 00:39:11,850 --> 00:39:13,470 was the turn of other fixtures and 934 00:39:13,470 --> 00:39:16,830 fittings there's things in this book 935 00:39:16,830 --> 00:39:19,890 like power showers there's one here that 936 00:39:19,890 --> 00:39:21,930 looks just like the Rainmaker shower 937 00:39:21,930 --> 00:39:24,270 that you can get in hugely expensive 938 00:39:24,270 --> 00:39:26,310 Charles Dickens had a shower that was 939 00:39:26,310 --> 00:39:29,580 called this demon that you are that what 940 00:39:29,580 --> 00:39:31,590 all these patents revealed was that 941 00:39:31,590 --> 00:39:33,180 bathing had now become an established 942 00:39:33,180 --> 00:39:36,150 part of middle-class life theories on 943 00:39:36,150 --> 00:39:38,130 the role of miasma or bad air in 944 00:39:38,130 --> 00:39:40,530 spreading disease were finally debunked 945 00:39:40,530 --> 00:39:42,480 by the discovery of germs in the late 946 00:39:42,480 --> 00:39:43,410 19th century 947 00:39:43,410 --> 00:39:45,900 now daily bathing was no longer seen as 948 00:39:45,900 --> 00:39:48,590 a novelty but as a medical necessity 949 00:39:48,590 --> 00:39:51,420 soon even people lowered down the social 950 00:39:51,420 --> 00:39:53,610 scale began to see improvements in 951 00:39:53,610 --> 00:39:56,550 sanitation so in order to see how the 952 00:39:56,550 --> 00:39:58,710 other half lived I've come to the back 953 00:39:58,710 --> 00:40:00,930 to facts in Birmingham a series of 954 00:40:00,930 --> 00:40:03,000 nineteenth-century workers houses built 955 00:40:03,000 --> 00:40:05,490 literally back to back where I'm being 956 00:40:05,490 --> 00:40:07,800 guided around the communal yard by local 957 00:40:07,800 --> 00:40:10,530 historian Chris cough most back-to-backs 958 00:40:10,530 --> 00:40:12,150 have them and they were usually in the 959 00:40:12,150 --> 00:40:14,100 corner of the yard 960 00:40:14,100 --> 00:40:17,850 this is 87 1970 foot woods and a 961 00:40:17,850 --> 00:40:19,740 flushing toilet flush away into the new 962 00:40:19,740 --> 00:40:21,540 sewage system from the victorian sewage 963 00:40:21,540 --> 00:40:24,720 system we've got 11 houses and only 964 00:40:24,720 --> 00:40:25,890 three previous what they would have been 965 00:40:25,890 --> 00:40:28,380 for with early for previous up to 60 966 00:40:28,380 --> 00:40:30,510 people showing photos 60 people were 967 00:40:30,510 --> 00:40:31,980 using these four do you think there were 968 00:40:31,980 --> 00:40:33,690 sometimes cubes out here that that could 969 00:40:33,690 --> 00:40:35,880 have been but the door was closed 970 00:40:35,880 --> 00:40:37,470 you never knew then there was no locks 971 00:40:37,470 --> 00:40:41,160 so you go and they go are mini up yeah 972 00:40:41,160 --> 00:40:43,440 so you'd have to wait and despite the 973 00:40:43,440 --> 00:40:45,180 invention of commercially manufactured 974 00:40:45,180 --> 00:40:48,630 toilet paper in 1863 users of these 975 00:40:48,630 --> 00:40:50,670 previous resorted to less expensive ways 976 00:40:50,670 --> 00:40:53,220 of wiping their bottoms and just 977 00:40:53,220 --> 00:40:56,340 repairing some Victorian toilet paper as 978 00:40:56,340 --> 00:40:58,470 would have been used in this Victorian 979 00:40:58,470 --> 00:41:02,040 fury here at the back to back they would 980 00:41:02,040 --> 00:41:05,250 have been using waste paper newspaper 981 00:41:05,250 --> 00:41:09,150 junk paper and in fact even today if I 982 00:41:09,150 --> 00:41:11,250 get junk mail through my letterbox I 983 00:41:11,250 --> 00:41:13,320 might well describe the some bits of old 984 00:41:13,320 --> 00:41:17,100 paper thumps and that word originally 985 00:41:17,100 --> 00:41:19,380 meant some fodder you talk about waste 986 00:41:19,380 --> 00:41:19,680 pay 987 00:41:19,680 --> 00:41:21,090 at some important because you would 988 00:41:21,090 --> 00:41:25,100 literally use it to wipe your bottom 989 00:41:25,580 --> 00:41:28,230 but despite the breakthrough of flushing 990 00:41:28,230 --> 00:41:29,880 toilets the back to back 991 00:41:29,880 --> 00:41:32,310 that's where bathroom technology ended 992 00:41:32,310 --> 00:41:35,190 with just one tap in the yard and little 993 00:41:35,190 --> 00:41:37,920 access to clean water instead of bathing 994 00:41:37,920 --> 00:41:39,750 the women went to enormous lengths to 995 00:41:39,750 --> 00:41:41,910 keep their family's clothes clean 996 00:41:41,910 --> 00:41:44,670 a legacy seemingly unchanged since the 997 00:41:44,670 --> 00:41:47,430 Tudor age here we are what you call int 998 00:41:47,430 --> 00:41:49,110 is not the brew house that were anything 999 00:41:49,110 --> 00:41:49,890 down there 1000 00:41:49,890 --> 00:41:51,900 Brewis the brewers threw in the paris 1001 00:41:51,900 --> 00:41:54,270 i'ma gonna light the fire because that's 1002 00:41:54,270 --> 00:41:56,790 the first job of the day the single 1003 00:41:56,790 --> 00:41:58,710 Victorian copper used to heat up the 1004 00:41:58,710 --> 00:42:01,230 water was shared between all 11 houses 1005 00:42:01,230 --> 00:42:05,220 so wash day was every 11 days quite a 1006 00:42:05,220 --> 00:42:07,080 hard day for the latest I would stop 1007 00:42:07,080 --> 00:42:10,740 really early yeah just get to sit here 1008 00:42:10,740 --> 00:42:13,040 looking at this and war we are huh no 1009 00:42:13,040 --> 00:42:15,990 lots of jobs to do bring me out there 1010 00:42:15,990 --> 00:42:18,900 though alongside the copper the women 1011 00:42:18,900 --> 00:42:21,630 had mangles dollies and Canadian Coons 1012 00:42:21,630 --> 00:42:23,820 making the process of washing a little 1013 00:42:23,820 --> 00:42:26,040 easier than it was in cuter times so 1014 00:42:26,040 --> 00:42:28,380 this is like a pre preparations awesome 1015 00:42:28,380 --> 00:42:30,720 you start you pretty much right after a 1016 00:42:30,720 --> 00:42:33,390 vigorous pre-wash called a pause the 1017 00:42:33,390 --> 00:42:35,250 boiling copper was then prepared with 1018 00:42:35,250 --> 00:42:37,530 new commercially available soaps it's 1019 00:42:37,530 --> 00:42:40,200 supporting you so so much have a go I 1020 00:42:40,200 --> 00:42:42,600 would mind your fingers while you do 1021 00:42:42,600 --> 00:42:47,130 yeah in 1853 someone finally decided 1022 00:42:47,130 --> 00:42:49,410 that it would be better for the hygiene 1023 00:42:49,410 --> 00:42:51,480 of the nation of soap wasn't text the 1024 00:42:51,480 --> 00:42:52,680 government actually gave a million 1025 00:42:52,680 --> 00:42:54,690 pounds of revenue as a result of that 1026 00:42:54,690 --> 00:42:57,150 decision start on the other hand you 1027 00:42:57,150 --> 00:42:59,070 know hygiene becomes much better than 1028 00:42:59,070 --> 00:43:01,560 each other it is the age of soup after 1029 00:43:01,560 --> 00:43:03,240 William Gladstone the Chancellor of the 1030 00:43:03,240 --> 00:43:03,930 Exchequer 1031 00:43:03,930 --> 00:43:06,000 repealed soap tax for the first time 1032 00:43:06,000 --> 00:43:08,820 since 1712 so became much more readily 1033 00:43:08,820 --> 00:43:11,340 available from the Pasha pears and palm 1034 00:43:11,340 --> 00:43:13,410 olives to the more affordable but 1035 00:43:13,410 --> 00:43:15,810 horrible smelling carbolic when people 1036 00:43:15,810 --> 00:43:17,520 wanted to have a boss did they heat up 1037 00:43:17,520 --> 00:43:19,620 the water for that in here yes well yes 1038 00:43:19,620 --> 00:43:22,980 and that would have been augmented was 1039 00:43:22,980 --> 00:43:25,020 buffeted on the stove in the house yes 1040 00:43:25,020 --> 00:43:26,700 you would use the gun kettles and sauce 1041 00:43:26,700 --> 00:43:29,310 pans on your stove in the house the bath 1042 00:43:29,310 --> 00:43:31,080 the old tin bath sometimes they were on 1043 00:43:31,080 --> 00:43:32,730 the top of the cellar head but sometimes 1044 00:43:32,730 --> 00:43:33,549 they were kept as 1045 00:43:33,549 --> 00:43:35,529 communal one that was kept within the 1046 00:43:35,529 --> 00:43:37,449 Brewers so you take that and you set up 1047 00:43:37,449 --> 00:43:39,880 in your kitchen in the warmest place in 1048 00:43:39,880 --> 00:43:41,649 that has right in front of the fire and 1049 00:43:41,649 --> 00:43:43,630 then they fill it just once for the 1050 00:43:43,630 --> 00:43:44,259 whole family 1051 00:43:44,259 --> 00:43:45,969 absolutely latex you can show you how 1052 00:43:45,969 --> 00:43:48,039 much trouble and I will absolutely so 1053 00:43:48,039 --> 00:43:49,209 you would take buckets and buckets 1054 00:43:49,209 --> 00:43:51,939 across and you would start to fill it up 1055 00:43:51,939 --> 00:43:54,819 you'd use the old carbolic again and dad 1056 00:43:54,819 --> 00:43:56,559 would go in probably first and it would 1057 00:43:56,559 --> 00:43:58,989 go down all the family until it got to 1058 00:43:58,989 --> 00:44:00,880 the children and you could probably get 1059 00:44:00,880 --> 00:44:03,159 two or three of the children together in 1060 00:44:03,159 --> 00:44:05,079 yeah the same water if you're very 1061 00:44:05,079 --> 00:44:07,239 dirtiest poor service Lester the 1062 00:44:07,239 --> 00:44:10,149 smallest maybe usually yeah yeah I mean 1063 00:44:10,149 --> 00:44:12,249 a survival of the fittest fellas yeah 1064 00:44:12,249 --> 00:44:15,130 yeah I'm the old phrase Sam's throwing 1065 00:44:15,130 --> 00:44:16,630 the baby out with the bathwater it's 1066 00:44:16,630 --> 00:44:20,969 probably good you couldn't find much 1067 00:44:20,969 --> 00:44:23,169 private bathrooms might have been out of 1068 00:44:23,169 --> 00:44:25,599 reach for working-class people but those 1069 00:44:25,599 --> 00:44:27,489 at the upper end of society rejected 1070 00:44:27,489 --> 00:44:30,809 plumbing for entirely different reasons 1071 00:44:30,809 --> 00:44:33,369 with legions of servants to heat up 1072 00:44:33,369 --> 00:44:35,499 their hot water they simply didn't need 1073 00:44:35,499 --> 00:44:38,880 it in fact here at Chadron as a 1074 00:44:38,880 --> 00:44:41,199 heartbreaking story of poor little 1075 00:44:41,199 --> 00:44:42,969 housemaid fourteen years old 1076 00:44:42,969 --> 00:44:44,889 whose job it was to fill up the big 1077 00:44:44,889 --> 00:44:47,589 boiling copper in the morning 50 buckets 1078 00:44:47,589 --> 00:44:49,809 of water every day she has to pour into 1079 00:44:49,809 --> 00:44:52,869 that thing at Shugborough Hall it was 1080 00:44:52,869 --> 00:44:54,669 the house maids job to prepare lady 1081 00:44:54,669 --> 00:44:57,399 Anson saw in her bedroom twice a week 1082 00:44:57,399 --> 00:44:59,559 I've always wanted to experience for 1083 00:44:59,559 --> 00:45:02,380 myself just how much hard work it was to 1084 00:45:02,380 --> 00:45:07,389 fill up a bath I'm getting a sense of it 1085 00:45:07,389 --> 00:45:10,179 already the bedroom is miles away I'm 1086 00:45:10,179 --> 00:45:12,880 wondering what I've taken on here and 1087 00:45:12,880 --> 00:45:15,099 then carry the hot water all the way out 1088 00:45:15,099 --> 00:45:17,900 there it is a bath 1089 00:45:17,900 --> 00:45:20,870 in Grand houses like this not only was 1090 00:45:20,870 --> 00:45:23,090 plumbing teams middle class and soldier 1091 00:45:23,090 --> 00:45:25,130 but worst of all Victorian pipes could 1092 00:45:25,130 --> 00:45:27,470 burst and wreak havoc on the fabric of 1093 00:45:27,470 --> 00:45:30,790 an 18th century mansion 1094 00:45:31,660 --> 00:45:43,919 [Music] 1095 00:45:45,730 --> 00:45:49,900 I reckon the housemaid was a lot fitter 1096 00:45:49,900 --> 00:45:52,660 than the lady of the house 1097 00:45:52,660 --> 00:46:03,270 [Music] 1098 00:46:03,270 --> 00:46:06,069 after 50 trips by the humble house made 1099 00:46:06,069 --> 00:46:08,079 the semi dress from mistress of the 1100 00:46:08,079 --> 00:46:10,089 house we'll get into what she would call 1101 00:46:10,089 --> 00:46:17,530 her mother's feet bath although I'm in a 1102 00:46:17,530 --> 00:46:20,079 super luxurious bedroom my boss could be 1103 00:46:20,079 --> 00:46:22,869 more luxurious I'm using carbolic soap 1104 00:46:22,869 --> 00:46:26,530 I'm using a rough sponge and I'm still 1105 00:46:26,530 --> 00:46:29,970 wearing my shift I'm not sort of 1106 00:46:29,970 --> 00:46:32,140 luxuriating in the water because 1107 00:46:32,140 --> 00:46:34,210 upper-class ladies still had quite a 1108 00:46:34,210 --> 00:46:37,119 puritanical suspicious attitude towards 1109 00:46:37,119 --> 00:46:39,700 bathing it was considered degenerate to 1110 00:46:39,700 --> 00:46:41,260 Lal about in the water something that 1111 00:46:41,260 --> 00:46:43,210 your husband's French mistress might do 1112 00:46:43,210 --> 00:46:44,859 rather than something a proper English 1113 00:46:44,859 --> 00:46:49,329 girl would do I read a brilliant lady's 1114 00:46:49,329 --> 00:46:52,180 hygiene manual from 1844 saying that 1115 00:46:52,180 --> 00:46:55,510 certain parts mustn't be washed more 1116 00:46:55,510 --> 00:46:57,130 than once a day to do so would be 1117 00:46:57,130 --> 00:46:58,359 degenerate and it would lead to 1118 00:46:58,359 --> 00:47:01,150 unfortunate consequences must never be 1119 00:47:01,150 --> 00:47:02,710 done so um 1120 00:47:02,710 --> 00:47:05,829 upper-class ladies went on bathing and 1121 00:47:05,829 --> 00:47:08,470 these rather sort of ramshackle camping 1122 00:47:08,470 --> 00:47:10,599 like conditions right into the 20th 1123 00:47:10,599 --> 00:47:10,960 century 1124 00:47:10,960 --> 00:47:13,329 well after hot water and plumbing and 1125 00:47:13,329 --> 00:47:15,339 bathrooms were available and it's 1126 00:47:15,339 --> 00:47:17,260 hilarious when all the dollar princesses 1127 00:47:17,260 --> 00:47:19,450 the American heiresses come over to 1128 00:47:19,450 --> 00:47:21,579 marry English aristocrats in the late 1129 00:47:21,579 --> 00:47:23,470 19th and early 20th centuries and 1130 00:47:23,470 --> 00:47:24,970 they're shocked by the primitive 1131 00:47:24,970 --> 00:47:27,760 conditions they find in English country 1132 00:47:27,760 --> 00:47:32,349 houses it wouldn't be until 1910 but 1133 00:47:32,349 --> 00:47:34,180 Shugborough would finally get its first 1134 00:47:34,180 --> 00:47:36,730 bathroom in an age that would see huge 1135 00:47:36,730 --> 00:47:38,740 advances in the provision of hot water 1136 00:47:38,740 --> 00:47:42,310 to the home the first Victorian systems 1137 00:47:42,310 --> 00:47:44,619 that heated up hot water directly from 1138 00:47:44,619 --> 00:47:47,170 the kitchen range but the laying on of 1139 00:47:47,170 --> 00:47:49,599 gas in the late 19th century gave rise 1140 00:47:49,599 --> 00:47:51,579 to geezer baths which had to be lit by 1141 00:47:51,579 --> 00:47:54,099 hand and which had a terrifying tendency 1142 00:47:54,099 --> 00:47:55,670 to explode 1143 00:47:55,670 --> 00:47:58,610 and finally the early 20th century saw 1144 00:47:58,610 --> 00:48:00,710 the great breakthrough the invention of 1145 00:48:00,710 --> 00:48:03,200 the high pressure circulating gas boiler 1146 00:48:03,200 --> 00:48:05,390 this was the final piece of the jigsaw 1147 00:48:05,390 --> 00:48:08,480 and the modern bathroom was complete by 1148 00:48:08,480 --> 00:48:10,250 the beginning of the 20th century they 1149 00:48:10,250 --> 00:48:11,570 looked like things were coming together 1150 00:48:11,570 --> 00:48:13,910 for the bathroom hot water was available 1151 00:48:13,910 --> 00:48:15,680 the plumbing was in place people 1152 00:48:15,680 --> 00:48:17,390 understood that it was healthy for them 1153 00:48:17,390 --> 00:48:19,040 to keep their forties clean but there 1154 00:48:19,040 --> 00:48:20,720 was one thing missing before people 1155 00:48:20,720 --> 00:48:24,050 could enjoy a guilt-free wallow in a hot 1156 00:48:24,050 --> 00:48:26,270 spot there needed to be a change in the 1157 00:48:26,270 --> 00:48:28,790 moral climate this only happens after 1158 00:48:28,790 --> 00:48:31,070 the First World War and there were two 1159 00:48:31,070 --> 00:48:33,050 main reasons for it the first was 1160 00:48:33,050 --> 00:48:35,240 Hollywood on the silver screen people 1161 00:48:35,240 --> 00:48:37,460 could see film stars wallowing in below 1162 00:48:37,460 --> 00:48:39,860 bus taking telephone calls making it all 1163 00:48:39,860 --> 00:48:42,050 perfectly normal and the second 1164 00:48:42,050 --> 00:48:43,940 influence was the places where film 1165 00:48:43,940 --> 00:48:47,090 stars themselves stayed in London luxury 1166 00:48:47,090 --> 00:48:50,320 hotels like this one 1167 00:48:51,120 --> 00:48:53,380 Victorian hotels were built with only 1168 00:48:53,380 --> 00:48:56,350 one bathroom for every floor but these 1169 00:48:56,350 --> 00:48:59,070 hotels had an ensuite in every room and 1170 00:48:59,070 --> 00:49:01,660 so to get me ready for the glamour of 1171 00:49:01,660 --> 00:49:04,150 the 1930s bathroom I'm having a 1172 00:49:04,150 --> 00:49:06,400 Hollywood makeover with the help of all 1173 00:49:06,400 --> 00:49:10,600 the latest versus beauty products it's a 1174 00:49:10,600 --> 00:49:13,960 teeny tiny razor a rapid shampoo which 1175 00:49:13,960 --> 00:49:25,050 requires no rinsing turn into film star 1176 00:49:25,050 --> 00:49:39,750 it's amazing so this is a bathroom in 1177 00:49:39,750 --> 00:49:42,460 1932 it's totally different from its 1178 00:49:42,460 --> 00:49:45,310 Victorian predecessor Victorian 1179 00:49:45,310 --> 00:49:47,680 bathrooms were masculine places very 1180 00:49:47,680 --> 00:49:49,870 functional probably designed for washing 1181 00:49:49,870 --> 00:49:52,060 yourself in cold water but this is a 1182 00:49:52,060 --> 00:49:54,490 room for enjoying yourself just 1183 00:49:54,490 --> 00:49:56,530 happiness isn't it this is Hollywood 1184 00:49:56,530 --> 00:50:00,450 glamour brought into English society and 1185 00:50:00,450 --> 00:50:04,390 you can just imagine a film star covered 1186 00:50:04,390 --> 00:50:06,370 in bubbles sipping a cocktail maybe 1187 00:50:06,370 --> 00:50:08,770 having a smoke in there and because 1188 00:50:08,770 --> 00:50:11,140 she's got lovely Marcel waves like mine 1189 00:50:11,140 --> 00:50:13,690 doesn't want to get her hair wet and so 1190 00:50:13,690 --> 00:50:15,250 probably using this very cunning 1191 00:50:15,250 --> 00:50:17,620 shoulder shower look at that there's the 1192 00:50:17,620 --> 00:50:19,570 main shower and there's the shoulders 1193 00:50:19,570 --> 00:50:21,760 shallow so you can get your dude wet and 1194 00:50:21,760 --> 00:50:26,590 you can also have an office you'll hit 1195 00:50:26,590 --> 00:50:29,050 some in the mood while you're in the bus 1196 00:50:29,050 --> 00:50:32,110 and the valet as well although the suite 1197 00:50:32,110 --> 00:50:34,420 is very plain white in here it's set off 1198 00:50:34,420 --> 00:50:37,180 with veined marble to show that this is 1199 00:50:37,180 --> 00:50:39,940 no ordinary bathroom clearly a place to 1200 00:50:39,940 --> 00:50:41,370 enjoy yourself 1201 00:50:41,370 --> 00:50:44,260 now that the bathroom was established as 1202 00:50:44,260 --> 00:50:47,230 a place of relaxation and luxury it was 1203 00:50:47,230 --> 00:50:48,670 in the private building boom of the 1204 00:50:48,670 --> 00:50:51,490 1930s that hot water bar things became 1205 00:50:51,490 --> 00:50:54,640 standard in most middle-class homes 1206 00:50:54,640 --> 00:50:57,049 so people living at the back to back 1207 00:50:57,049 --> 00:50:59,779 however it wouldn't be until way into 1208 00:50:59,779 --> 00:51:02,180 the 1950s that they too would finally 1209 00:51:02,180 --> 00:51:05,359 follow suit trying to pull order the 1210 00:51:05,359 --> 00:51:09,049 1951 census revealed that 37 percent of 1211 00:51:09,049 --> 00:51:10,789 British households still didn't have a 1212 00:51:10,789 --> 00:51:13,849 plumbed in bath for 22 percent not even 1213 00:51:13,849 --> 00:51:16,369 having a hot tub though Britain's slums 1214 00:51:16,369 --> 00:51:18,650 were cleared to rehouse 3 million people 1215 00:51:18,650 --> 00:51:22,029 in new flats all with built in bathrooms 1216 00:51:22,029 --> 00:51:24,440 the friend David how'd you like a new 1217 00:51:24,440 --> 00:51:26,630 home and yes linking what you're 1218 00:51:26,630 --> 00:51:27,799 particularly liked about it 1219 00:51:27,799 --> 00:51:30,349 well we don't have to boil every drop of 1220 00:51:30,349 --> 00:51:32,690 water now whereas in the old days we did 1221 00:51:32,690 --> 00:51:35,420 and also we have a toilet to us out 1222 00:51:35,420 --> 00:51:37,940 there whereas in the other hand you have 1223 00:51:37,940 --> 00:51:39,950 to share one lotta water across the 1224 00:51:39,950 --> 00:51:40,579 earth 1225 00:51:40,579 --> 00:51:42,769 now that bathroom technology had 1226 00:51:42,769 --> 00:51:44,900 established herself the main thing to 1227 00:51:44,900 --> 00:51:46,759 change over the last 50 years has been 1228 00:51:46,759 --> 00:51:50,630 the styling in the 1960s we got jacuzzis 1229 00:51:50,630 --> 00:51:52,789 and shower chandeliers sit for the 1230 00:51:52,789 --> 00:51:56,299 sexual revolution in the 1970s James 1231 00:51:56,299 --> 00:51:58,729 Bond's age we got colored Suites and 1232 00:51:58,729 --> 00:52:01,700 solid gold taps and toilets the lovely 1233 00:52:01,700 --> 00:52:03,650 Victorian wash hand basin and in the 1234 00:52:03,650 --> 00:52:05,479 1980s we went right back to the 1235 00:52:05,479 --> 00:52:07,549 beginning with a lover questionable 1236 00:52:07,549 --> 00:52:10,369 Victorian revival but its rounded head 1237 00:52:10,369 --> 00:52:13,609 square foot curved lip and the bore and 1238 00:52:13,609 --> 00:52:17,269 clawed feet no matter what technological 1239 00:52:17,269 --> 00:52:18,979 wizardry is available in the modern 1240 00:52:18,979 --> 00:52:21,259 bathroom today what we want from it 1241 00:52:21,259 --> 00:52:24,829 hasn't changed since the 1930s so I'm 1242 00:52:24,829 --> 00:52:26,930 not going to turn that gorgeous 1930s 1243 00:52:26,930 --> 00:52:29,160 bathroom down 1244 00:52:29,160 --> 00:52:31,289 the parkings had really remarkable 1245 00:52:31,289 --> 00:52:33,869 journey because 150 years ago it didn't 1246 00:52:33,869 --> 00:52:36,990 even exist it's Canton no room to one of 1247 00:52:36,990 --> 00:52:40,019 the most luxurious and pleasurable rooms 1248 00:52:40,019 --> 00:52:42,980 in the house today bathrooms are about 1249 00:52:42,980 --> 00:52:46,529 technology and gadgets everybody wants 1250 00:52:46,529 --> 00:52:49,019 their own people are converting spare 1251 00:52:49,019 --> 00:52:50,849 bedrooms into bathrooms there 1252 00:52:50,849 --> 00:52:52,769 everybody's got ensuite and that's 1253 00:52:52,769 --> 00:52:55,529 because somehow essential to modern life 1254 00:52:55,529 --> 00:52:57,630 they're places where you withdraw from 1255 00:52:57,630 --> 00:52:59,430 the world that places where you pamper 1256 00:52:59,430 --> 00:53:01,710 yourself recover be your true self 1257 00:53:01,710 --> 00:53:03,839 without anybody watching you for once 1258 00:53:03,839 --> 00:53:06,779 and the one room in the whole house that 1259 00:53:06,779 --> 00:53:08,880 still has a lock on the door 1260 00:53:08,880 --> 00:53:16,380 keep out next time the bedroom from the 1261 00:53:16,380 --> 00:53:19,049 communal medieval hall to the glamorous 1262 00:53:19,049 --> 00:53:21,000 boudoir cilinders for you this morning 1263 00:53:21,000 --> 00:53:22,920 brother I'll be seeing how the bedrooms 1264 00:53:22,920 --> 00:53:24,690 development has affected our most 1265 00:53:24,690 --> 00:53:26,730 private moment you'll see like the 1266 00:53:26,730 --> 00:53:28,559 person in the horror film who says that 1267 00:53:28,559 --> 00:53:30,750 in there every day is holy 1268 00:53:30,750 --> 00:00:00,000 [Music] 143412

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