Original subtitles

World War II.

Nazis are killing civilians.

It was called the sardine method.

Victims laid in layers like sardines in a jar.

An effective way to exterminate many people in a short time.

But this film will not be about the Nazis.

Hands tied behind the back.

An expertly aimed shot in the neck.

And the fall into a huge mass grave.

These people were not killed by the Nazis.

They were killed by one of the Allies, the Soviet Union.

The Soviet Union was killing people in this way for many years, both before and

after it joined the Allies.

These victims had no memorials. They were buried in anonymous mass graves.

The murderous power that killed them and the powers that collaborated with the

murderer were never actually prepared to talk about them.

The memory of millions of innocent victims was erased from

history.

Youth throughout the world likes to make jokes using popular symbols of the past.

While the Nazi swastika is considered to be a bad joke, Soviet symbols are not.

Communism, after all, was not Nazism.

It was about equality and harmony. There was nothing wrong with the idea itself.

Well, actually, there was.

There was something which made it different from the other utopias. Lenin

believed in what he called the war of classes, which meant that the ultimate

harmony can only be reached after certain groups of people are killed.

Initially, when communists come to power, and that doesn't matter where,

let it be in Russia, in Poland, in Cuba, in Nicaragua, it doesn't matter, in

China, initially they destroy about 10% of the population, and that's very

specific. This is used not just to kill enemies, they're not enemies, it's to

restructure the fabric of society.

It's a social engineering.

Top intellectuals...

best workers, best engineers, they would kill them all.

And then they would try to restructure the new society.

Hang at least 100 kulaks, execute the hostages, do it in such a way that

people for hundreds of miles around will see and tremble.

Lenin.

In 1917, the Communists seized power.

Lenin now had a chance to apply Marxism to real life.

Those who resisted were shot.

There were terrible massacres against resisting peasants.

And again, nobody knows exactly how many people died, but we're talking

about 10 million or more.

But even the most ruthless terror could not break popular resistance,

particularly in the ethnic republics, where communist terror was entwined with

national oppression, as it was in Ukraine.

On September 11, 1932, Stalin wrote to his associate Kaganovich, The

situation in Ukraine is very bad.

If we don't take steps now, we may lose Ukraine.

Several meetings of Stalin's inner circle resulted in a plan of action.

It was an horrific plan.

In that winter, 32 to 33, all food supplies in the

Ukraine were taken away.

A huge cordon was created so that nobody could leave.

Initially, people didn't die.

leftover supplies of grain and vegetables kept them alive.

But this was not part of Stalin's plan.

So he ordered NKVD to confiscate all grain, all food, from the Syrians.

By doing that, he knew he's condemning them to death.

When the food was taken away from the peasants, they were

forbidden to eat it.

And then the hunger began.

Ukrainians were dying torturously slowly.

Children cried agonizingly for bread.

Many lost their sense of fear.

They went to the NKVD guarded fields to collect single ears of grain.

They were shot on the spot.

But most of the victims died slowly, at home.

Special NKVD units raided people's homes to collect the dead bodies.

They received 200 grams of bread for every dead body they delivered.

Many were buried alive.

This is a sacred place for me, because there are the victims of the

famine here, including my close relatives, in particular my grandmother.

Ten years later the Nazis will exterminate millions of Jews

They will take away their gold

melt it down and deposit the bars in Swiss banks We don't know what

communists did with the gold confiscated from these people and was there any

gold? What we do know is what communists did with the grain taken from them

It was exported to the West.

Millions upon millions of tons.

Despite the famine, the export of Ukrainian grain was increased to the

maximum level.

The Western media reported both on the scale and character of the famine

genocide.

Ukrainians were being exterminated in front of the whole world.

But the world,

did nothing to help them.

Seven million people were starved to death in the space of

one year.

Mankind has never seen a more efficient extermination program than the one in

Ukraine during the winter of 1932 and 33.

Soviet society was the first communist society on earth.

It was a huge social experiment.

The agonizing death of seven million Ukrainians had a wider meaning in the

distorted vision of the communist architects.

You have to make the revolution, then establish the dictatorship

of proletariat, and then the birth of the

new man can be possible.

The birth of the new man.

was the ultimate aim of Marxism.

Breeding a new evolutionary form of human being who will think, look and act

differently.

But communists were not alone in this endeavour.

Hitler's National Socialism was also about creating a new man.

In both systems you have an ideology which has the ambition of creating

a new man.

That means that both systems don't agree with human

nature as it is.

They are at war with nature, with human nature.

This is the root of totalitarianism.

You find it both in the Nazi, Nazi it's an ideology based

on false biology, and communism is based on false sociology.

But both systems have an ambition of being scientific and resting on

a scientific basis.

The main scientist of Nazism, Alfred Rosenberg, confessed to the Nuremberg

Tribunal that Hitler had misused the idea of National Socialism.

Indeed, the idea, in the Nazi view, wasn't so bad after all.

Healthy, beautiful, blonde and happy people.

A future society.

And without handicapped or Jews.

Nearly a paradise.

For some reason, National Socialism did not work out.

Just as the Soviet Socialism didn't.

Both left thousands of mass graves, millions of murdered people.

Was it coincidence?

I don't think many people know that only socialists publicly advocated genocide

in the 19th, 20th centuries.

That's a very little-known fact, and it seems shocking if you mention it. I've

lectured on it here and in other universities, and it's always greeted

with a sense of shock.

It first appeared in January 1849 in Marx's journal

Neue Rheinsche Zeitung.

Engels wrote of how the class war in Marxian terms means that when

socialist revolution happens, the class war happens, there will be

primitive societies in Europe two stages behind because they're not even

capitalist yet.

And he had in mind the Basques and the Bretons and the Scottish Highlanders.

and the Serbs, and he calls them racial trash,

, racial trash, and they will have to be destroyed

because being two stages behind in the historical struggle, it will be

impossible to bring them up to the point of being revolutionary.

The classes and the races, too weak to master the new conditions of life, must

give way.

They must perish in the revolutionary Holocaust.

Karl Marx.

Marx began it. He was the ancestor of modern political genocide.

And I don't know that any European thinker of the modern period before Marx

and Engels ever publicly advocated racial extermination. I can't find

anything earlier.

So I presume it starts with them.

The teachings of Marx and Engels were carefully studied by Lenin, the man who

established the first Marxist country on earth.

One year after Lenin's death in 1924, the New York Times published a small

article, which at the time went almost unnoticed.

It was about some newly established party in Germany.

The National Socialist Labour Party, of which Adolf Hitler is patron and father,

persists in believing that Lenin and Hitler can be compared.

Who's speaking?

A certain Dr. Goebbels.

On the speaker's assertion that Lenin was the greatest man, second only to

Hitler, and that the difference between communism and the Hitler faith was very

slight, a faction war opened with whizzing beer glasses.

Amazing.

The future Nazi propaganda minister Goebbels was openly declaring that the

difference between Lenin's communism and the Hitler faith was very slight.

As we read, it didn't go down well with potential voters, so the Nazis changed

their tactics.

Their early campaign posters quietly disappeared.

They never again publicly stressed their resemblance to communists.

In the inner circle, however, the Nazis and Hitler were more

outspoken.

Hitler often said that he had learned a great deal from Marxism, from reading

Marx, I mean.

The whole of National Socialism is based upon it, he said, meaning doctrinally

based.

People keep forgetting that Nazi regime in Germany was also Socialist.

It was, they officially were called National Socialist Workers Party.

So it's a branch of Socialism. The Soviets were International Socialists

and those were...

in Germany, national socialist.

So it's the same thing in reality, only slightly different interpretation.

The popular British playwright Bernard Shaw supported Hitler in the mass media.

The left supported Hitler not because he deceived them. They knew Hitler would

kill. He said he would.

In fact, it was why they supported him.

You must all know half a dozen people at least who are no use in this world, who

are more trouble than they are worth. Just put him there and say, sir or

madam, now will you be kind enough to justify your existence?

If you can't justify your existence, if you're not pulling your weight in the

social boat, if you're not producing as much as you consume, or perhaps a little

more, then clearly...

We cannot use the big organization of our society for the purpose of keeping

you alive because your life does not benefit us and it can't be of very much

use to you.

Bernard Shaw believed in mass killing by category, not usually by

racial category, but by category, you know, the idle, the unfit.

Killing off the parasites within society.

was what Marxian socialism was about.

It demanded in a London newspaper that the scientists should devise a humane

gas.

I appeal to the chemists to discover a humane gas that will kill instantly and

painlessly. Deadly by all means, but humane, not cruel.

After ten years, such gas will be discovered.

It will be called Cyclone B.

The man who oversaw its practical application, Adolf Eichmann, will later

testify that thanks to Cyclone B, people in Auschwitz died without pain.

Cyclone B was a humane gas.

Yes, Eichmann will use the very same words.

It must be said, though, that Bernard Shaw, as well as the left in general,

fundamentally oppose Nazism.

Because Hitler had distorted Marxism beyond recognition.

Gassing people based on their nationality was absolutely inexcusable.

The selection should be based on class.

Hitler got it all wrong.

Absolutely different people needed to be killed.

The only true Marxist country on earth was the Soviet Union.

It exterminated strictly according to Marx's teaching, the class enemies.

In general, the process was pretty similar to the extermination of the

Jews.

First, the victims were ridiculed and publicly humiliated.

And then they were killed.

Millions of them.

If the enemy does not give up, it must be exterminated.

The shooting

itself

was carried out in prisons.

In the basements there were special shooting chambers with concrete walls

and with a runnel to channel blood.

Yes, people were killed by a bullet in the head.

We know that usually they were killed by bunches of, well,

between 100 and sometimes several hundreds

every night.

Then the corpses were loaded onto trucks, driven out of towns and buried

in nearby forests and parks.

This is Bekivina forest near Kiev.

The elderly people will never forget the trucks which were driving here during

the night.

Blood was dripping from them en route.

Only after 50 years the relatives were allowed to come here.

They created this memorial where monuments are trees.

Each tree in this forest is banded with a scarf.

in memory of the innocent victims who were brutally murdered and dumped into

mass graves here.

Bikivina, Butovo, Leningrad, Vinnitsa, Kharkov.

Mass graves littered the whole country.

The whole generation of children lost their parents and became homeless, or so

-called besprezonya.

Millions of them were begging for bread in the streets of Soviet cities.

It was an embarrassing sight, especially if foreign friends came to visit Moscow.

And Stalin tackled this problem.

Stalin authorized in the middle of the 30s, because there was this problem of

base prison, he authorized the children to be shot from the age of 12.

People were being shot day and night, right?

The biggest country in the world. Stalin even got to the point of killing people

by random, by quotas.

Let's say 100,000 in Tambov district.

Okay, that's it. Whoever they grabbed and shot will be fulfilling quota.

They wouldn't care about names.

Then after the quotas were fulfilled, the local authorities would report to

Stalin, to Central Committee, and ask for additional quotas.

Khrushchev asked for a limit.

He was allowed 7,000 or 8,000 enemies.

He asked for a limit of 17,000.

I saw all this in his resolution when he signed with Molotov, Voroshilov,

Kaganoich, Zhdanov. This was the most initiative five. Molotov always added to

replace 10 years for execution.

Packages!

And as a result, only for these, from 1937 to 1941, 11 million people.

11 million!

Can you imagine?

What are the scales of repression of your people?

There was a man in Europe who was closely following the situation in

Russia Hitler To kill millions of people in such a short time was truly

remarkable Holocaust was as yet only an idea in

Hitler's head

Hitler's distorted vision of the world began to take a real shape. He annexed

Austria, occupied Czechoslovakia.

It became clear to everyone to avoid a global catastrophe Hitler had to be

stopped. But Stalin refused to join the anti-Hitlerian coalition.

And that was Stalin's big idea. Let Hitler be a bad guy.

He will go and destroy all the order in Europe. There will be no parliaments, no

trade unions, no armies, no governments.

And then Stalin will come as a liberator.

Liberator. Millions of people will be sitting in concentration camps, hoping

for someone to liberate them. And Stalin and the Red Army will come as a

liberator. That was his plan.

But Hitler had neither the resources nor the secure rear borders to wage a large

-scale war.

So, on August 23, 1939, Hitler and Stalin sign a pact, which provides

Germany with a secure eastern border and huge supplies of strategic resources, to

be provided in later economic agreements.

On August 24, the Nazi foreign minister Ribbentrop reports to Hitler on his

visit to Moscow.

Hitler rejoices.

Now he has everything he needs to start the World War.

September 1, 1939.

Hitler attacks Poland from the west.

Poland is desperately resisting the Nazis.

But then, on September 17, Poland is unexpectedly attacked from the east by

the Soviet Union.

The Luftwaffe's bombers were attacking Polish cities and the Soviet radio

transmitter in Minsk.

guided them to their targets the

Red

Army looked different then

It entered the Second World War side by side with the SS.

Local populations sometimes could not tell the difference between the two.

So, to be sure, they addressed both.

The German army met the Red Army in the middle of Poland.

And then the two totalitarian monsters,

Soviet and German, divided the country between them.

The Soviet press depicted the whole thing as a fight against Polish fascism.

The peace-loving Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union were fighting aggressive

Polish fascism.

What the world did not know was that both dictators had agreed on more than

Poland. In a secret protocol signed in the Kremlin a week before the war

started, Hitler and Stalin agreed on the division of Europe.

By this secret protocol, Hitler gave the green light for Stalin to occupy a

number of European countries.

The first on the list was Finland.

Moscow labelled Finland a fascist regime and launched a massive ground attack.

It was a disaster.

Russians lost a third of a million dead, frozen and wounded.

Tiny Finland was miraculously holding back the world's largest army.

But it was at an enormous cost.

My father lost four of his brothers in that war.

Four. That's a lot in one family.

That was the price.

We paid that we did not have a democratic society next to us.

Finland's flag is still flying.

Though she may pass through the valley of sorrow, though she may lose her

liberty and her land, she fights on.

Yet another air raid on Helsinki. This time the camera catches the horror these

dastardly attacks bring into the lives of the children as they dash terror

-stricken to the shelter.

People cowering against a wall for safety from aerial death. This is the

mark of warfare against women and children.

As the Russians retreat from the Arctic villages, even if they can't win, they

can still burn and destroy.

For its brutal aggression against Finland, the USSR was expelled from the

League of Nations.

The Kremlin's rhetoric about a fight against Finnish fascism was not taken

seriously.

Only three countries had previously been labeled as aggressors by the League.

Militaristic Japan, Fascist Italy, and Nazi Germany.

Now they were joined by the Soviet Union.

In Europe, the Soviet Union had only one ally left.

Hitler.

Hitler launched his blitzkrieg in the West.

Nazis occupied Denmark, Belgium, Holland, Luxembourg.

Norway was invaded with the direct help of the Soviet Union.

Stalin provided the Nazis with a Soviet naval base near Murmansk, from which

Hitler launched his attack on Norway.

Stalin wrote to the Nazi Foreign Minister Ribbentrop, The friendship

between Germany and the Soviet Union was sealed by blood.

Apparently, he meant the blood of the Soviet and Nazi victims.

And friendship it was.

Soviet and Nazi officers were meeting and discussing the progress of the war.

This is December 1939.

The progress was good, and the prospects looked even better.

There was reason to celebrate.

The Soviet Union became the main

supplier of resources for the Nazi war machine.

Thousands of tons of oil, iron ore.

construction materials.

Even trainloads of Soviet grain were sent to the German army.

Soviet citizens were starving, but their government was sending food

to Hitler.

the soviet union went even further it persuaded the communist parties of

europe to sabotage the resistance movement and to support the nazis

comforting to see parisian workers talking to german soldiers as friends in

the street or at the corner cafe well done comrades and keep it up even if it

displeases the middle classes the brotherhood of man will not remain

forever a hope it will become a living reality.

That is the French Communist Party in July 1940.

Communist Party say today that they were resistant

well before June 1941 when Soviet Union was attacked.

In fact, they were

In June 1940, Hitler

crushed France.

Stalin meanwhile occupied Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.

The only country in Europe still resisting Hitler was Great Britain.

If Great Britain goes down, the Axis powers will control the continents of

Europe and Asia and Africa and Australasia and the high seas.

And they will be in a position to bring enormous military and naval resources

against this hemisphere.

The US President Roosevelt regarded the Soviet Union as an Axis power.

It was evident to everyone Stalin was in the fascist camp.

The Soviet Premier Molotov went to Berlin to discuss the post-war world

order.

He arrived with a list of territories the USSR was interested in.

While Hitler and Molotov were discussing it, the other Soviet comrades enjoyed

the company

Goebbels who must have talked about the advantages of Nazism because it was the

Soviet premier Molotov and not Goebbels who warned the West not to fight Nazi

ideology more than that in his address to the Supreme Soviet in the Kremlin

Molotov declared that fighting Nazi ideology was actually a crime it was

published in all the largest Soviet newspapers later That page will

disappear from the public libraries of the USSR, along with many other pro-Nazi

statements of the Soviet government.

But why was fighting Nazism a crime in the Soviet view?

Because mass killings and concentration camps were based on that ideology.

Work makes you free.

The Nazi camps.

Work is an honor.

The Soviet camps.

If someone wanted to fight the ideology behind it, he would end up fighting the

Soviet regime too.

Molotov knew it.

After all, he was the one who personally monitored the extermination of 7 million

Ukrainians.

Himmler monitored extermination of Jews.

Both men agreed that for the common good, certain groups simply needed to be

killed.

Winston Churchill made no secret that to him, Nazi and communist ideologies were

pretty similar.

In his view, Nazism was a form of communist despotism.

The hateful communist despotism, as Churchill called it in 1940, eventually

won. With the help of the Allies.

Here it is celebrated, the 60th anniversary of the great victory.

An historical parade.

No less historical than the first Soviet victory parade in World War II.

Together with the Nazis.

The Soviets never emphasized that they were parading under the Nazi flag.

Officially, Moscow portrayed itself as an epic anti-fascist fighter.

Many people believed it.

Many Jews fled to the USSR to be protected from Hitler.

And then Stalin did something unimaginable.

He rounded them up.

and delivered them back to the Gestapo as a gesture of friendship.

Take a look at this footage again.

The Soviet officer greeting his SS colleagues with a Nazi salute.

The Nazi SS and the Soviet

NKVD, the Stalin Security Police, cooperated very

closely.

Archived documents reveal the enormous scale of this cooperation.

lists and lists of German communists and Jews which Soviets were delivering to

the Nazis.

December 1937, April 1938, May 1938,

November 1938.

Most of these people perished in Nazi concentration camps.

But the SS-NKVD partnership was not limited to the extradition of common

enemies.

The NKVD was training Gestapo.

The Soviet machinery of terror had been operating for 20

years before the Nazis even started.

The Soviet officers, in turn, went to Nazi-occupied Krakow to meet with their

SS colleagues.

The Jewish question was high on the meeting's agenda.

Soviet officials coordinated the deportation of Jews personally with the

SS Brigadefuhrer Otterwächter, one of the masterminds of the Holocaust.

He moved the Jews to the Krakow ghetto and later arranged their extermination

in gas chambers.

The fact that the Soviets collaborated with the SS is not denied by Russia

anymore. What is still denied is that this collaboration was based on a

written agreement.

Reichsfuhrer SS, Berlin,

November 3, 1938.

On the basis of this trust, my representative, Standartenfuhrer SS,

Heinrich Müller, has an order to sign in Moscow with the leadership of the

security agencies of the Soviet Union a joint agreement on joint activities

between the NKVD and the General Security Administration of Germany, on

which we place great hopes, stressed twice by Beria, related to strengthening

peace and security between our countries.

Reichsfuhrer SS, Heinrich, sign.

This document was smuggled out of the presidential archive in Moscow by one of

its workers.

It was shown on Russian television.

Later, this footage disappeared from the TV archive.

Unlike the official Kremlin, the former Soviet officials who had access to the

Central Committee, now Presidential Archive, affirm the existence of such an

agreement.

Vladimir Karpov, former military intelligence colonel, two times hero of

the Soviet Union, member of the Central Committee, the top Soviet leadership

council,

convoys bringing in the entire Politburo and party bosses from every corner of

the country.

This man, Vladimir Karpov, said that so many problems had now mounted up that

the way things were run hadn't to be changed.

We spoke with Mr. Karpov in his Moscow apartment in Kutuzovsky Prospect 26, the

house of the former KGB chief Andropov and the Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev.

KGB and NKVD, it was called then, NKVD and Gestapo, about

cooperation.

They also accused me that it was nonsense and that it could not have

happened. We are internationalists, we could not have concluded such an

agreement.

This is a complete contradiction between the fact that the Stalinist regime is a

criminal regime,

But Moscow does not accept it. It does not accept the criminal nature of the

Soviet regime.

Any documents revealing it are usually declared fake, like the secret protocol

dividing Europe.

Interestingly, in this case, the Kremlin's denial is supported by one

Western historian, David Irving, more famous for his denial of the Holocaust.

But why would he deny the authenticity of this agreement?

We can only guess.

A quote from the document.

Sounds quite shocking.

But what is more shocking is that in today's Russia, these actions of Stalin

are still being justified at the highest level.

The former Defense Minister of Russia, Igor Radionov.

Radionov is just one of many in Russia today who believe that helping Hitler to

fight Jews in the 1930s was actually a noble fight against fascism jewish

fascism as it is now called in russia in 1939 stalin sacked

his longtime foreign minister litvinov

And Litvinov was removed. The Soviet foreign ministry was surrounded by NKVD

troops, tanks.

And Stalin gave the order, clear out the synagogue,

which is not a very nice thing to say.

You would expect this from Hitler.

But Stalin equally was capable of...

The exiled communist leader Lev Trotsky warned the world about Stalin's anti

-Semitism and about the fact that Stalin and Hitler were colluding.

His outspokenness was becoming dangerous to the

Kremlin. Trotsky was aware that his every speech could be the last.

He knew that Stalin was after him.

But even in his worst dreams, he could not imagine that his death will

be so agonizing.

Stalin sent a secret agent to Mexico. He glided into Trotsky's house and smashed

him in the head with an alpine axe.

Trotsky fought for his life for two days and then died in horrible pain.

In Stalin's time, Critics of the Kremlin were not argued with.

They were killed.

The Soviet Union, like Nazi Germany, did not just commit criminal acts. It was a

criminal enterprise in its very essence.

To become a member of Stalin's Politburo, one had to take

responsibility for murder.

To be trusted.

Like in a criminal gang.

Stalin rarely signed execution orders alone.

The other Politburo members also had to put their signatures on the death lists.

Even those who later condemned Stalin were responsible for mass murder

themselves.

Comrades were united by common crimes.

There was no way back for them, but to commit new crimes.

In March 1940, in a forest near Katyn village, eight huge pits were dug.

Heavy trucks brought in people.

They were Polish army reservists.

doctors, engineers, teachers.

They were ordered to get out.

No one was supposed to see what happened next.

But the noise of trucks deep in the forest seemed unusual to the forester.

So they just kept him in jail, and that's a very well-known documented

fact. What did he see?

He saw Nkwede shooting them.

A big hole, and Nkwede shooting through the back of the neck, each of them. The

people were tied up with hands behind, on their knees, on the edge of that

hole. They were shot and kicked into the hole.

The KT massacre was the first mass execution of this scale in World War II.

Nazis will follow suit only later.

Mass murder in Katyn unleashed the industrial killing, which will soon turn

World War II into the most bloody carnage in human history.

After Katyn, the Soviets carried out massacres on a regular basis.

Riga, Tatu, Lviv, Minsk.

Relatives could not identify many of the corpses.

Horrific torture had made them unrecognizable.

The Soviet Union, meanwhile, had become an allied power.

The Soviet officers who pulled out fingernails, cut tongues, and perforated

the skulls of their victims with nails.

were paid with Western aid.

The British War Crimes Act gives them immunity from persecution in Britain

because war crimes, by definition, were committed only by the Germans.

You ask, what is our aim?

They can answer in one word, victory.

Victory at all costs.

The entire Western world has lived for 60 years on the assumption that all

crimes were Nazi crimes, and it's very difficult to change it.

Whether Europe will ever come to terms with this

criminal part of its past is difficult to know.

Mass killing is mass killing.

There should be no distinction between one side and the other.

The Soviet officers who shot more than 20,000 unarmed people were decorated.

World War II left more than 27

million Soviet citizens dead.

The Communist Party always tried to decrease that number.

Why?

because only a fraction of them were killed by the Germans.

You have to remember that when the Red Army marched, behind the Red Army

was a second army, the NKVD army, which had its own tanks, its own machine guns

and so on, firing forward so that nobody could move back.

Victor Baturin.

Chairman of the Russian Military History Association tells the shocking story of

how, after major battles, special Soviet units raided battlefields and tore the

dog tags off the dead Soviet soldiers to make them unidentifiable.

No other country in the world has treated its war dead in this way.

Due to the appalling policies of the Soviet authorities, more than a million

Soviet citizens joined the Nazi side.

They were turned against their own people, those who refused.

were ruthlessly dealt with by the Nazi collaborators.

The Great Patriotic War was drawing to the close.

Stalin was at the height of his glory.

He knew quite well that nobody would ever judge the vanquisher of Hitler.

So at the end of the war he carried out some of his most horrible crimes

Stalin exiled about a

dozen of nations completely part and parcel young and old Women and men even

members of a communist party among them. They were all exiled to Central Asia to

Kazakhstan

Chechens, Ingush, Kalmyks, Karachayevs, Crimean Tartars, a dozen of

nations completely wiped out.

The Soviet deportations, although on a much bigger scale, were similar to

deportations by the SS.

The descriptions are just horrific.

60, 70 people in a closed cattle truck with no sanitary...

provisions, just a hole in the floor, packed so tightly that they had to stand

up. They couldn't sit down.

And when the train stopped, they would unload hundreds of corpses of people who

died on the way.

There was a lot of snow on the wolf's head.

But because of the wolf, the guards were taken away. Everyone

died.

The children were buried with the private ones.

I don't say that they were buried with the private ones. They were buried with

us.

And then someone said, the child died.

I don't remember how old I was.

I was half a year or a year old.

Then I turned around and went to my mother.

That was the last time.

I don't remember.

In May 1945, the Allies defeated Hitler.

This horrible film footage was shown in the West.

A Nazi concentration camp after liberation.

But only a few understood what they were actually seeing.

The site was being cleared for new inmates.

The Soviets did not destroy the Nazi camps.

They continued to use them after the war.

The agreement which Stalin made with the West affected the whole of Europe for

the next 50 years.

So although you can say the crimes are of the same order, the

political outcome at the end of the Second World War quite clearly was very

different for those two dictatorships.

And it was also very different for the people of Western and Eastern Europe.

The Soviet Union transferred a lot of ethnic Russians into the occupied Baltic

countries. It was a clear violation of Geneva Convention, which forbids the

transfer of civilians into the occupied countries.

For example, in 1945, it was a case of my grandparents' family,

which were forced by Soviet officers at the gunpoint.

out of their apartments.

Afterwards, the Soviet officers settled there with their families.

The Kremlin strategically orchestrated ethnic cleansing in the Baltics so that

the Russian settlers became a majority in all the largest Baltic cities.

Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians were loaded onto cattle trucks and deported

to Siberia.

The tiny Baltic nations were brought to the brink of extinction.

Deportations, executions, and torture became the post-war reality for millions

of people.

Concentration camps were scattered throughout both Europe and Siberia.

In many of them, horrific medical experiments were performed on humans.

In Butugichag camp in Magadan, The KGB used thousands of prisoners as guinea

pigs, experimenting with the human brain.

Many of these prisoners were still alive during the experiments.

All of this happened after Nazism was defeated and memorials made to its

victims. The victims of the Soviet death camps were buried in numbered graves.

There is no memorial here, just a pile of the shoes of murdered victims,

children's shoes among them.

Feeling complete impunity, the post-war KGB terrorized the population, letting

loose their most beastly instincts.

We went out to the river, and there was a big ash pile next to the fence.

The ash fell into the glass jar, because

that was our father's life.

It's hard for me to tell.

Man takā uzplēsta ir jauna rēta un tātka lasiņo.

This was drawn by a KGB prison guard who had served for 33 years in the Soviet

interior system.

He was depicting his routine everyday life.

Who were these men?

Who were doing these atrocities?

Meet one of them.

The notorious Yanis Dzintars.

A KGB interrogator in the Soviet-occupied Latvia, he was

particularly famous for his brutality towards women.

The victim's testimonies paint an horrific picture of his interrogations.

Female victims were beaten and tortured by several KGB officers continuously for

20 hours.

Not everyone could endure it.

The wife of Ernest Waltman, Veronika, was beaten and tortured by Dzintars and

his drunk colleagues for four days.

She finally committed suicide by hanging herself in the prison cell.

When the Soviet Union collapsed, Tsintars fled to Russia.

The Kremlin refuses to extradite him, calling him an honorable veteran.

With the hands of these KGB veterans, the Soviet Union terrorized and tortured

innocent people.

They were the ones who guarded death camps, where millions were exterminated

and thousands used in horrific medical experiments.

Many of these death camp veterans are still alive unlike their ss colleagues

they are proud of what they did they are proud of the soviet union which

let them do it

I think that Russia, as a

successor of the Soviet Union, is obliged to carry out

a real investigation of all the crimes and the character of their system.

And I think up to now they are not ready and not able to do it.

Under Gorbachev and Yeltsin, the crimes of the Soviet Union were at least not

advertised. Under President Putin, we see a very different approach. The idea

that Russia continues, in a sense, in the footsteps of the Soviet Union, and

any attack on the Soviet Union is an attack on modern Russia.

has been shaped up by the sense of being parts of a big empire.

When they lost the empire, they couldn't remain the same.

This is exactly what was and gave a surge to

fascism in Germany.

From the time of

Putin's arrival to power, almost from the end of the 1990s, with the beginning

of the Second Chechen War, mass xenophobic propaganda is going on from

above.

The former Russian Defense Minister Radionov again.

And the next

speaker is Mr. Rogozin of Russia. Mr. Rogozin, you have the floor.

Mr. Rogozin led the Russian delegation in the Parliamentary Assembly of the

Council of Europe, where he repeatedly voiced his concern about the rebirth of

fascism in Europe.

At home, his agenda was a little different.

A pre-election clip of his party.

Let's rid Moscow of trash.

The Nazi salute in the Parliament of Russia.

If you think it can't go any further, you would be wrong.

This shocking video is one of hundreds published on the website of the Russian

National Socialists. When it made it to the front pages of the world media, the

Russian authorities finally closed the Nazi site, declaring it American

provocation.

The whole thing was turned into farce, questioning the genuineness of the

video.

Unfortunately, the murders captured on these videos turn out to be genuine.

Hundreds of them every year, all over Russia.

And the grief of the loved ones is also unspeakably genuine.

Turning human tragedy into a farce has become a norm in Russia.

Ridiculing the Ukrainian famine or the Jewish Holocaust is the norm.

Because killing can be justified, especially if it cleanses society.

The killers become heroes.

Mass murderers are decorated veterans.

Young people are taught that the crimes these people have committed against

humanity are heroic deeds.

It is no surprise that these crimes are replicated

Europe now has the opportunity to condemn these crimes and to demand the

extradition of those who committed them.

Yet Europe hesitates.

Why?

One knows what Europe, how we depend on Soviet, Russian

gas, petrol.

So I think it's a political note. Well, we know exactly why.

Europe cannot

oppose Russia on

so many issues.

Unfortunately, Europe continues to ignore Soviet crimes,

mass murders, while millions of the victims are neglected

by Europe.

an equal right for all the victims to see those who committed crimes, to see

them tried and sentenced.

But this is not how the world works.

For example, in the case of Katyn,

it's now known very well the names and addresses of many of the Soviet

officers who perpetrated those crimes, who shot people in cold blood.

Yet if there was ever an investigation, those murderers should come to Great

Britain because they'll be safe, because in this country it's not regarded as a

war crime.

And the other Soviet crimes are not regarded as crimes either.

Their victims are quietly passing away, receiving no comfort, no justice.

In the European Union, that is reserved for other victims.

Looking at this grey monument in the very centre of Europe, one can't help

thinking that it stands here because, deep in their hearts, many Europeans

still believe in what these two men so persistently maintained.

That when inferior nations are being killed, it cannot be seen as a crime,

because it makes way for the more advanced nations to build a better life.

While this idea is alive, and while the specter of these two men is haunting

Europe, it will be very hard for its various nations to be truly united.