Original subtitles

Man: We've got everybody excited about it.

See? We got people driving up asking about it right now--

3 big local country boys in a big GMC.

We heard it was coming, and maybe it'll be good.

Maybe. How about that?

Woman: 16 weeks?

We'll see.

[Applause]

This is the story of a place that I now call home.

It's a story of public education and of rural communities

and of what design might do to improve both.

Bertie County is kind of a prime example

in the demise of rural America.

It's the hollowing-out of a small towns,

the brain drain, where all of the most educated and qualified

leave and never come back.

To say that the public education system in Bertie County

is struggling would be a huge understatement.

There isn't a big legacy in the pride of education.

The biggest asset in Bertie County right now

is this man, Dr. Chip Zullinger, fondly known as Dr. Z.

He was brought in as the new superintendent

to basically fix this broken school system.

He is an absolute renegade and a visionary,

and he is the reason that I now live and work there.

Dr. Zullinger invited us to come to Bertie

and to bring a design perspective

to the repair of the school district.

So we thought, you know, what if you could bring back shop class,

but this time orient the projects

around things that the community needed?

What design and building really offers to public education

is a different kind of classroom,

and it makes the youth the biggest untapped resource

in imagining a new future.

My partner and I worked really closely

with Dr. Zullinger for the past year

on writing this as a one-year curriculum

offered at the high-school level to the junior class.

This starts in 4 weeks.

Woman: He's famous for riding his bike in town.

Everybody in this whole town knows

Cameron and his bicycle.

Boy: They might not know my name,

but when they see me, they're like,

"Wait. You're that guy with that bike, right?"

Woman: Ha ha ha! Yeah.

He's pretty famous.

Cameron's kind of smart, but he hasn't ever

really found anything that just really grabbed him.

There's a not a whole lot of opportunity,

sometimes, for our kids here.

I'm not leaving because I want to leave.

I'm leaving because there's nothing to keep me here.

You see what I'm saying?

I mean, I'm wanting to leave because there is

nothing to keep-- it's hard to explain.

Like, it's one of those idiom-type things, you know?

It's not that I'm leaving.

It's just there's nothing to hold me back.

There's nothing to make me want to stay.

[Hammering]

Man: Right now, we're just calling it the shop,

which houses both our design lab,

but also our wood shop, our metal shop.

It's where we're gonna be doing, you know,

all of our experimentation this year with the kids.

1, 2, 3, 4.

Woman: I went to college for architecture

and then got a graduate degree in product design.

After a few years working in the corporate design world,

I had had enough, so I started a nonprofit

to bring creative problem-solving

to communities in need.

A friend and colleague of mine said to me that

there was a guy named Matt Miller

who had been working in Detroit for a couple of years

building a house, that he and I should really meet

because we might fall madly in love.

Matt: I had no idea who she was.

It was just a sort of immediate, sort of natural attraction

that went from zero to 60 really quick.

Man: These guys are the real deal,

and if I get a chance to turn them loose

and allow them to do the things

that they potentially could do for Bertie County,

I'm just gonna take that chance.

Man: I remember a conversation I had with Chip.

He called me one day, and he says,

"I met these two young folks, experts in what they do,"

and I thought, well, yeah, OK.

I mean, you know, "It's another teacher?

Is that what you're saying, Chip?"

He said, "No, no, no, no, no.

"This is beyond, you know,

the classroom kind "of experiment.

This is something that really can transform lives."

Chip: When I got Matt and Emily,

I took a big chance on turning them loose,

and I think that's what's most important,

because when you turn folks loose, then you've got

all their human potential behind them and their idea.

So, we're teaching a curriculum called Studio H.

The H comes from the tagline,

which is Design Initiatives

for Humanity, Habitats, Health,

and Happiness.

The school district

will pay our salaries,

and we have grants and foundation support

to cover all the equipment and supplies.

We've broken the program up

into 3 distinct projects.

The third project is where we get to be

responsive to what's going on

in Bertie County and build something

for the whole community.

We don't know what that is yet.

Matt: We have an opportunity to actually get to know

these kids--you know, what makes them tick.

I think that's fascinating to me.

Boy: I enjoy helping my dad.

That's all I've ever wanted to do

since I was 10 years old.

I'm pretty much just one of them old-fashioned boys

you don't see much around anymore.

[Moo]

[Whistle]

Tonic. Tonic, Tonic, Tonic.

Come on. Back up.

Back up.

Stevie, voiceover: Really enjoy working with animals.

I don't know why.

I can't explain it, but I just think

4-legged creatures are the best thing God's ever created.

[Cattle mooing]

I'd rather stay out here shoveling chicken and cow crap

than be in an air-conditioned school doing calculus.

I mean, school-- I hate it.

My dad hated it. My granddaddy hated it.

I'm carrying on a tradition.

Emily: It's August 11th,

and it's the first day of Studio H.

We have the kids coming through that door any minute,

and it's really exciting.

I don't think it'll hit me

until they're all sitting at those desks out there.

[Horn honks]

Girl: Get your head out of there!

We're gonna embark on

what we're calling design boot camp.

Matt, why don't you talk a little bit

about the breakdown of these two semesters?

Matt: The very first day, we hit the ground running.

We're gonna build these water filters

out of clay and organic material and cow patties.

We are gonna get dirty,

so a couple of you have white shirts on.

Hope you're OK with that.

I'm not the type to get dirty and play

in dirt and cow manure, so it's--

that's the part I'm really gonna have to work on.

Matt: We'll give that some water so that it adheres.

Academia is too clean.

There's something about getting your hands dirty

and just getting into the work.

Yeah, I would make it about twice as tall as that--

about like that.

Emily: Yeah. That looks good.

He told me it looked bad.

No. It looks good.

The coffee that we put into it,

it burns that out, and that leaves holes in it.

When you put the water in there,

the water slowly drips out of it,

and it catches all the disease and all the bugs and stuff

and keeps it inside the pot.

It burns a lot hotter than a typical wood fire.

Boy: It's not the typical class.

We don't have a desk.

We're messing with cow poop.

It's crazy.

Jamesha: Is this what we gonna be doing all year?

Am I gonna be burning different types of animal feces?

Give me a zero, because I'm not doing this.

It's not worth it.

You got to be out your mind.

Matt: OK? Just kind of stack it in there.

Emily: I just want these kids to be excited

about coming to school every day,

and if design and building is a way to do that,

then that's great.

Matt: You know, we look at this stuff every day.

We critique everything-- why, why, why?

Why is something the way it is?

Look at your toothbrush tonight

when you're brushing your teeth and think about that.

Think about that handle, and think about

how long you've had that toothbrush

and when you're gonna throw it out next.

We just want you to critically think

and critically look at your everyday objects.

As their designs start to unfold

and they really get to see it kind of in 3 dimensions

at full scale, they'll just be blown away.

We're looking at the front page

of tomorrow's "Bertie Ledger-Advance."

As you can see, the headline story is,

"School Board suspends Zullinger."

Emily: I think one of the biggest fears that the board has

is that a lot is changing really quickly.

This is a huge story

because it catches people where they live.

These are their kids.

Education is looked at by people here as probably

the best route that they're gonna have

to get out of the doldrums that this county is in.

I just hate to see Dr. Z go,

because he's a real good guy.

You know, it's one thing to be on a school board

or to be a commissioner

and kind of see it from a distance,

but if you haven't had a chance to come and talk

to the kids or talk to the parents,

you won't really get the whole story.

Zullinger: The entire system knew

that I worked hand in glove with Matt and Emily,

so they had a huge target painted on them.

Emily: All we want is the opportunity

to present to them exactly what we're doing

because it's hard to argue against

if you have all the facts.

Not a dime.

[Gavel pounds]

Thank you.

Thank you very much. We appreciate it.

Matt: The school board has an annual budget

somewhere around 30 million dollars,

of which we receive nothing.

The pressure is on now.

Ultimately, we have to prove this to the school board

if we want to continue this beyond this year.

[Laughter]

Woman: Oh, we definitely got to put...

Ha ha ha! I'm so sorry!

Ha ha ha!

Jamesha, voiceover: School is important,

but it's not one of my top priorities

because it's not interesting.

"The purpose of a college education."

That's why I need the thesaurus--

so I could make it sound professional.

Just because you use big words

don't mean you're gonna get big credit for it.

You could use words like good, sad,

and get a A-plus,

then go in there using "distraught" and get a F.

But when I use my big words,

I know how to use big ideas.

The green one-- oh, no, no.

This is right. Thanks.

You're welcome.

Big ideas to back up those big words.

We're gonna just build some skills

that we're gonna need later in the year.

You'll work with Matt and learn how to use a table saw,

a bunch of stuff in the wood shop.

You'll work with me in how to measure,

how to draft, how to draw something,

how to lay things out, do something graphics stuff.

Matt: We're gonna go through those steps

and draw these things out

and then go in the shop and build them.

This is about visual communication,

communicating your ideas

in a visual format, in a drawing format.

Jamesha: Emily needed somebody to record what was going on,

but when you approach people with the camera,

they just shoo you away until you get out of their face.

I just tell them, "Just go ahead and give me

what I want now, and I can leave sooner."

Hello, Jamesha.

How are you doing?

I'm doing all right. How are you?

I'm doing pretty good. Thanks for asking.

All of your sketches are gonna look different.

Some of them are gonna be ugly, and that's great.

That's totally fine.

It's really just about getting your hand moving

and trying to connect your brain to your hand.

All right. So, are you ready?

Uh-uh.

Jamesha: This is horrible!

Boy: I messed that up.

You know, the first thing I hear is,

"Oh, I can't draw. I'm terrible."

Well, you know, who cares?

That's not the point. You know?

You need to be able to get your ideas

out of your head and onto paper.

So you got the...

All right, a little show-and-tell.

Check me out.

Emily: I don't think that everyone is

a natural designer

in the way that we think of designers.

I don't think that everyone can go out and design an iPod,

but what design does is, it allows creativity

to have a sort of structure that results in

solutions you wouldn't normally come up with.

These are 6 things that you would probably do

in a design process.

They may or may not happen in this order.

First one is obviously research.

That could mean anything from, like, going and talking

to your grandmother about her childhood

or more traditional, like going to the library.

Then you have ideate.

You get to come up with

a lot of crazy ideas really, really fast.

This might involve 4,000 post-its on the wall,

but just trying to, like, break some of the connections

that you have in your head

to come up with things that are different.

Develop is where you take all of those crazy ideas

and start to hone in on one or maybe a couple

that you think have a lot of promise.

Then you have prototype,

which is where you take the couple of great ideas

and you actually test them out.

Between prototype and refine,

we might go back and forth between these two

4, 5, 40 times.

For me, this is the most exciting part of the process.

And build is really where

you're putting it out into the real world.

When they cut it out of the log,

they're cutting 2 by 4.

There's some plywood. There's some OSB.

Emily: So you use complementary colors

to get contrast, to get pop.

Let's go to this one first.

Emily: I think the vision and the process of Studio H

can absolutely work anywhere.

One of the biggest things that is missing

in Bertie County is foresight.

The school board seems to make odd choices

with how they spend their money.

There is an elementary school campus in town

that they spent a lot of money repairing and renovating,

and then a year later, the entire campus was shut down.

This is gonna be the only way in, I think.

I don't know. We'll see.

We're at J.P. Law Elementary School,

and it got shut down the year I was in the seventh grade.

It's been spray-painted.

There's gang mess all over the walls.

The gym is just a hollow shell.

Um...

So, this is the art and music trailer.

It looks like that got tore all to pieces.

I don't know how, I don't know when,

I don't know where, and I don't know why.

Well, I know where.

They spent hundreds of--

couple of hundred thousand dollars

to have this place redone

and closed it down two years later.

Matt: Have you guys played cornhole before?

Boy: Yes.

That's our little project for the next 4-6 weeks.

Cornhole is a--

The best game ever.

OK. The best game ever.

Sorry.

All connotations aside,

it's a beanbag-toss game, very similar to horseshoes.

Two board set up 27 feet apart.

Two teams each get 4 bags.

Toss the cornbag in the hole on the other side.

Jamesha: Hey, Rodecoe.

What?

What are you working on?

Cornhole board.

For what?

For what?

Yes.

Because they told me to.

You start with the hole.

Ha ha ha!

3 2-foot pieces.

Emily: It's actually 3' 11 5/16", right?

Correct.

The hole is a foot in from the side,

9 inches down.

OK. So I'm gonna bring this one here.

This one--no.

This one here, this one there, and that one.

I had it right.

I got to make sure it's precise,

but this paint is kind of difficult.

Emily: Look at that.

The red has got to be covered in tape.

The red has to be covered in tape. OK?

Eden, are you helping?

You look helpful.

Where's the power?

Is it--please tell me this thing is plugged in.

No. Hold up.

[Laughter]

Emily: We are in a very awkward position where

where our offered salaries

have been taken off the table.

So how do we run a program that we really believe in

essentially as free labor?

We're auctioning off the boards,

and then the proceeds will pay for

some of our materials for the next project.

Thank you to all of you for being here. Um...

I don't know. Do you guys want to say anything

about your boards or how the process went?

Mine is the coolest.

Erick's is the coolest, apparently.

Woman: All right. Let's go for it.

I'm ready to see how good you did.

Emily: Yeah. It taught all the basics,

and we would come out of it with a very specific skill set,

but we wanted it to be something that was fun.

For such a simple object as a wooden board with a hole in it,

it's actually really complex,

and it requires a lot of craft and care and detail.

Oh! No, she did not!

Oh, my god!

Matt: It has been really difficult on her.

I fit in well here, I guess.

I drive the right truck.

I wear the right clothes.

I've got an orange hat.

She has 3 strikes against her-- she's a woman,

she's half Asian, and she's from California.

So, yeah, she's a total outcast.

[Dogs barking]

Down. Sit.

Good boy.

I'm studying for

the North Carolina building contractors test.

I took a similar test for residential construction

in Michigan a few years ago

when we were building the Detroit house.

Historically at Cranbrook, most thesis works

are basically just hung on the wall of a museum.

Before you have a chance

to really put it out there to the world and test it,

it really means nothing.

I was coming from working for super-rich clients.

Just down the street, we have 34% of the population

living below the poverty line.

The house will be granted to one family--

no mortgage, no rent.

Just to know that we can give somebody and their kids,

you know, clean living conditions...

Can't wait to make that happen

and get her down here and get that Oprah moment.

Right?

[Dogs barking]

Right now, I am getting my number ready

so I can stamp the-- stamp it on the dog

so that it will be a little bit neater-looking.

He just...

It don't hurt him a bit.

My dad, he sells and installs floor covering.

He's got to crawl down on his hands and knees

in other people's houses, and it's hard work.

He's made me work in it so I wouldn't want to do it.

My father-in-law started the business.

He's been doing carpet installation all of his life.

It's backbreaking work.

It's our livelihood, but no, I don't want Rodecoe

to have to work as hard as my husband

and my father-in-law have had to do.

I would like for him to be able to use his brain

than have to break his back to make a living.

[Dog whining]

Rodecoe: Studio H, they're trying to teach us

how to look outside the box.

Don't stay normal like everyone around Bertie County is,

doing the same old simple way of life.

Look at something different.

Make something better out of everything.

Matt: OK. So here's the challenge.

Emily and I designed and built these towers.

We want you to figure out how we did it

by building a model.

I'm not gonna answer any questions right now

for the rest of the day.

I want you guys to work on this

and figure it out in your heads.

Look at those drawings.

You have everything that you need to figure this out.

It's a visualization assignment.

Yes, they have to do a lot of cutting and drawing,

but if they can't see it,

they're not gonna be able to put it together.

Oh, that's wrong.

That's not wrong. That's--

It is wrong.

No, it's not. That's right!

It's gonna be perfect.

It's not quite perfect.

It doesn't have to be perfect.

Yes, it does have to be perfect!

But...see, if you're off just that little bit,

it'll make the whole thing off a lot more.

Matt: We really are exercising the mind

just as much as we are physically

kind of working the hand and teaching the hand.

It's a deeper connection

that I don't think we talk about enough.

I think I got it figured out pretty well.

Jamesha: Let's see. You a smart boy.

You so smart.

Emily: A lot of education ends

after research and theoretical discussion,

but to us, none of that really means anything

unless you can produce it and figure out

how to put it into the world,

and I think for our students,

75% of the learning happens

when you have to make it real.

[Thunder]

Radio: Heavy rains caused severe flooding

across the state.

The town of Windsor is one of the hardest-hit areas.

Mayor: The Indians used to call it the River of Death

because the thing would flood so frequently.

Radio: Officials estimate more than 100 businesses

and homes have been damaged by the flood.

Mayor: The flood pretty well took out the entire downtown.

This is my room-- or it was.

It got pretty bad along the corners

and stuff, as you can see.

It's white mold.

It is what's between my subfloor

and the flooring in the house.

This will cause you to get sick.

This is what we don't want in the house.

It flooded 58 businesses downtown.

The Chamber of Commerce is constantly working,

trying to recruit new businesses.

It's not been a good environment lately.

I would rather have 10 new businesses

with 10 jobs apiece opening up today

than one factory coming in with 100,

because if they leave, you're almost wiped out again.

I know in the year that I've been covering this county,

there's been two big victories.

One is A2A Oil, which is down here.

They make cottonseed oil,

and they have, like, 4 employees.

OK? We got that one up and going.

Wow, we have an industry.

And then the other big victory was

right down the street here with Domino's Pizza, ok?

That actually made a major dent in unemployment.

You have to wonder what's gonna happen to a downtown like this

if businesses were barely hanging on before the flood.

You have to wonder, once they get that insurance check

and the decision has to be made, do you open back up?

I don't know.

I mean, a lot of them didn't open up the last time.

You've worked hard.

We've had a lot of adversity.

I mean, god, coaches getting flooded out,

their families getting flooded out,

two brothers getting their houses burned out.

Tonight's for you.

* You'd better wipe that big butt *

* Wipe that big butt *

[Horn blows]

Coach: Run!

Run! Don't slow down!

Don't slow down.

Damn!

[Whistle blows]

Erick, voiceover: We couldn't get consistency.

Never, ever, ever quit--ever!

Ever!

Announcer: And, ladies and gentlemen,

that's gonna end the game.

Erick: Coming out, working out all summer long,

working our hearts out-- yeah, it was disappointing,

but, I mean, I took a lot from it.

You're gonna lose, but you got to learn

from the mistakes that, you know, made you lose.

[Clucking]

Matt: This is chicken territory around here.

This is the home of Perdue.

It's a small shed. It's something that we can build

realistically in a couple of weeks.

The kids can do the research,

then design and build one out back.

The house was built to make air flow down.

It was supposed to suck air down into the house

and make it circulate.

Also, we built mirrors inside the house,

like, all over the house,

for it to be able to reflect the heat

from the sun so it can use natural light.

Emily: A precedent study is a pretty standard practice

within architectural education,

but the goal of the precedent study

is for a student to look at this piece of architecture

as an example and take away lessons from it.

I like the whole, you know,

hexagon circle with the shuttered doors.

Emily: Have you guys seen--

do you guys know what a geodesic dome is?

No. No.

They're domes that have facets,

and the facets are equilateral triangles.

You know what I'm talking about?

Well, Buckminster Fuller,

if you look at a lot of the rest of his work--

the geodesic dome is a good example,

but a lot of it is very geometric.

It's inspired by, in this case, the hexagon and the dome.

Thank you.

Matt: Thanks, Erick.

Jamesha: Tell me a little about this assignment.

This right here is a chicken coop

for our Studio H design class.

And where is my freaking roost at?

Emily: all right. So today, we did

our first models for the chicken coop concepts.

The studio is a total mess, which is fantastic.

We're really reviewing these models as sketches,

so trying to take the initial sketches

that they had done on paper

and translating them to 3 dimensions,

and then tomorrow, we'll do another,

and then Thursday, we'll do another.

I think sometimes the scariest part

of the design process is starting,

especially when you have nothing to go off of,

and so we have used these verbs--

to split, to twist, to hinge--

to just trigger something, anything,

because once you get the ball rolling,

it's easier to edit than to create.

Rody came up with this really great hinged roof.

His word was hinge.

And then CJ was-- his word was split,

and so he started with a kind of two-piece design.

Erick: I just started playing with triangles,

and it seemed like they would, like, really bend

if you cut them on both sides at different angles,

and just, like, equilateral triangles--

they would bend very well.

Emily: Stevie had a really great first model,

really interesting proportions,

the sort of opening in the roof

and this ramp that comes in.

[Laughter]

There's goes another chicken!

Come here!

[Clucking]

Oh!

With this box, we used it as food and water, and--

[Snap]

Oh, my gosh.

Emily: The entire premise of Studio H was inspired by

this raw and unadulterated talent and creativity

and brilliance that youth have

and that I think we just see getting drained

out of them systematically, and it breaks my heart.

I'm learning Spanish right now.

[Humming]

This graph is...

the graph of Y.

Girl: What's this here?

Um, PED.

It's basically PE online, if you can believe it.

You got an exercise log,

which is 70% of your grade

or something like that.

It defeats the purpose of physical ed,

because some people can lie

on the exercise log, like Rody.

Ha ha! I'm just kidding.

Ha ha ha!

Matt: I might need to run to Lowe's.

Today?

Need to get hinges.

Do you want me to go?

Need to get hinges and corrugated steel.

Where's a pen?

By the way, "Car Talk" from today was amazing.

It was so good.

So, the screws were for Erick and Kerron,

and everything else was for Chicktopia.

Matt: They're at $500.42 right now.

They're 42 cents over?

Well, but I'm gonna tell Anthony--

Oh, I would love to go tell Anthony he owes us 42 cents.

We will submit grades

by the end of the year, I believe.

Yeah. I don't know if we grade easy or tough.

I mean, it's not like a math class,

where you take quizzes and you have an 88%.

What?

Do you think we grade hard?

I think I'd try to.

Design is a tough thing to grade

because a lot of it is very subjective,

but what is objective is, you know,

how hard these kids are working.

Question--do we get report cards

before or after we go home for Christmas?

I think they come once we come back,

which is a very good thing

because if we get them before Christmas break,

I'm not getting anything for Christmas.

Ha ha!

Dude, we're so gonna finish that coop.

We--look, Monday, we can go in there

we can get all that metal cut,

and we can get most of it welded together,

if not all of it.

I am just ready to get the thing up.

I'm ready to have it done.

You know, it don't even have to be welded to the frame.

It's just got to have the boards on the wall

so we can see what it looks like.

That's all I care about.

Boy: Today is Friday, December 10th,

and Christmas break begins Tuesday the 21st,

and we have a lot to get done.

This is gonna be a nightmare today.

Ooh, ooh!

Look out for that.

Ha ha ha!

Matt: You need to calm down,

or we're gonna have issues today.

[Hammering]

Matt: As you know, we're here until 3:00 today.

We got a long day together.

All right. Let's get to work.

Guys, throw that stuff away.

Watch those-- there's nails sticking up.

Cameron, there's nails sticking up.

Alexia, I thought I asked you to throw this stuff out.

We're gonna have to get some sort of 2 by 4

or something across here, because when that tilts up,

the chickens are gonna basically roll out the door.

Matt: Hey, Alexia, why isn't that swept up?

Keep sweeping. Don't shove it up against the wall.

Where is there to...

All I'm asking is

that you do a halfway decent job.

Jamesha, is this your paint?

Put a cap on it. Don't leave it

sitting next to my table saw, please.

Jamesha: I'm not hardheaded.

I just do what I want to do.

Yeah. That's not hardheaded?

Get in there!

Erick: The chickens being here are very helpful.

I mean, we found out what they like,

where they like to lay eggs.

Is it beneficial to put a nesting area here?

Are they gonna use it?

Henrietta laid a green egg this time.

I don't know if it's what she eats

or if it's what her mother did.

Maybe she came from a green egg.

That's green.

Emily: This is, like, the make-or-break.

They need to start looking like coops,

like, by the end of the day.

Do it.

Erick: This is not just a piece of plywood or sheet metal.

This is a chicken coop, a chicken coop that

me, myself, and Kerron designed.

With Erick and Kerron's group,

we have the big roof panel all assembled,

and now we have to get it to stand up

at the right angles, like this.

Matt: We don't really know what's gonna happen here,

but what we're gonna try and do

is stand this guy up against the wall.

OK.

Ready?

Go. Back into that corner.

All right, guys, we need to get under it.

OK.

Matt: Let that end come down.

Let that end come down. Let it come down.

Let it off that pipe.

Hope this thing is great.

You guys all right?

Yeah.

Yeah, we're good.

Not totally, but like--

you guys are fine.

It's just amazing.

It's pretty good.

Stevie: Dang it!

Woman: Hello?

Hey. Did you know we had a dead cow?

No.

Well--

Is it one of the newborns?

No. It's one of the older ones.

She has an orange tag, so she's one of our old ones.

I tried to call dad, but I can't get up with him.

He's probably on a corn-picker somewhere.

[Cow moos]

[Banging]

I'm upset that the thing died,

but there ain't nothing I could do to stop it.

Stevie--he's got 66 acres now.

Over the Christmas holiday,

he'll be putting a fence up,

and he's already bought him some cattle.

In fact, two weekends ago,

we went off and bought some more.

Uh...

If you ain't attached to them,

you really can't say you miss them.

Choir: * On your knees *

* Oh, hear the angel voices *

* O night divine *

* O night *

* When Christ was born *

* O night... *

Anthony: When we do a really good job--

which is all the time, by the way--

it makes me feel happy.

We got up there, and we did it, and we did it right.

Choir: * Fall on your knees *

* Oh, hear the angel voices *

* O night divine *

* O night... *

Matt: We definitely hit a lot of hurdles,

a lot of speed bumps along the way.

I mean, we do it because

it's the only possible way that we can work, I think.

I mean, we've both done the--

you know, the 9-to-5, 401(k) job

and design put into that structure.

I never had a 401(k).

Well, I didn't, either, but in theory.

I would have if I had stuck around long enough.

Yeah, yeah. I don't know.

No, I mean it's the only way that

we know how to work at this point.

It's the only way that we're wired to work.

It's the only way we're willing to work.

Emily: When we first started writing the curriculum

and thinking about what kinds of projects

we could provide to the community,

we absolutely didn't want it to be

us imposing ideas on the community,

which would have defeated the purpose

of it being community-based architecture.

One thing that we overheard from one of the town councilmen

was about reviving the Farmers Market,

which was something that they had tried to start

a few years back that sort of fizzled.

Ron: Grocery stores bring in their fresh vegetables

not from here, but from Florida and California

and South America.

We have one grocery store,

and the prices here in this community

are higher than anyplace in their chain

because they have literally no competition.

The Farmers Market offers an alternative.

We knew that this was a good idea.

It's just that we needed a different kind of driver,

a different kind of vision,

in order to sustain this project.

Emily: We thought that we could bring some legitimacy

to the Farmers Market by housing it

in a really beautiful piece of architecture.

There was never any construction here

or any pavilion or anything like that.

The town is our partner on this

and wants to be our partner on this.

What they are coming to the table with is the site.

What we're coming to the table with

is the design and structure.

Colin: The idea of building something

that's gonna be used by our community and all,

it's a little bit crazy.

We're only high-school students, so I'm wondering, like,

OK, is anybody really gonna take this serious?

Is the community gonna like this?

We're trying to build one

in our hometown of Windsor,

the county seat of Bertie.

and we want to do it right the first time.

We could use plexiglass on the roof.

It lets in the light.

Emily: OK, and what about heat?

And there's vendors selling here and here.

Boy: Mr. Matt and Miss Emily,

they always say your first idea is your worst,

and they don't mean that to put you down or whatever.

Emily: How come your roof is crooked?

Matt: So from here, from the plan,

you've got to start pulling that up.

Is that what we're gonna go with?

Boy: They just mean that you always need

to keep developing or putting ideas together

to make a better one.

Exactly! Thank you.

The fact that all these doors will slide out--

like, you have a door sliding out this way,

the fact that you have a door sliding out that way,

I think that will be really cool.

It zigzags, kind of, through here,

where people can walk

and come back and forth here.

And up here, you got a little lookout point

where you can look out, like, to the river.

It just stays flush with the building.

Matt: I absolutely love Stevie's precedent,

with his love of horses

and interest in the history of place.

What I like especial about the design

is that it kind of reminds me of a horse stable

because it has the sections

like a horse stable would.

Showing a little bit of circulation there,

where the boards slide up.

Emily: We have 10 designs,

one from each student.

I think some of them will naturally pair well with others,

and so we'll go from the 10 individual ideas

to 5--not combinations of, but an evolution of

two ideas into one.

Then from those 5, one will eventually become

the Farmers Market.

Ron: There's something to be said for restoration,

kind of rebuilding something

and not let it just simply die or waste away.

The kids who are here have only seen things decline.

We lose businesses. People move away.

Kids graduate from high school,

and the first thing they want to do is

catch the first thing smoking out of here, you know?

There's not a whole lot to look forward to,

if you're a young person especially,

in terms of building a life here.

That's something that's sorely needed for kids

who grow up in this community.

Man: I've known Matt for, you know, about...

I'd say 10 years now, maybe a little less than that.

I've known Emily for half that time.

When the opportunity came up, they said,

"Hey, come to North Carolina. Come work with us for a while."

I was like, "Uh, let me check my schedule.

"Let me check my watch.

Yeah, I'll come."

Let's go to work.

Matt: This is my friend Eric Wandmacher.

Here's here today to kind of see the work

and help you guys out, wrap up.

It'll have a cut like this on the bottom,

and we ain't figured out how to do that yet.

How are they entering in a car,

versus how are they entering on foot?

So, we've implemented a new cursing policy.

If you do say these words,

you got to do 5 push-ups.

With this word, you do 10.

These two words, you do 20.

I'm not sure what that word is,

but if you do that one, you got to do 50 push-ups.

[Mimics chicken] Check-it-out, check-it-out.

Watch this, watch this, watch this.

OK, but if you sand that corner down,

isn't it gonna throw the whole thing off?

It's not working right.

[Sighs]

I'm about to start doing some push-ups

in just a second.

Matt: Part of your problem is

you're using the wrong glue.

Uh-uh. This is actual wood glue.

Yeah, but it doesn't dry.

This is what I've been using the whole time

so it holds better.

Well, in 24 hours, yes.

Of course, I want my team's picked because

you always have that attachment to the building,

and you want that design to be chosen.

Well, you stay here. I'll go have dinner

and breakfast, and I'll come back.

All right.

And it should be dry then.

All right.

We started making my model, and we made a mistake.

It was my mistake,

but the way it's turned out, I like it a lot.

In the model, it's amazing.

No. I have never designed a building before,

that I could think of.

No, I have not.

Where is my knife?

Thank you.

I really enjoy working with CJ

because with him, I can get things accomplished

that I can't with a lot of other people.

[Whistle]

CJ: We didn't know that we were gonna be doing all this.

We just thought it was just gonna be like

a class that we make little toys or something.

Were having the final critique

for our Farmers Market designs.

and that final critique,

it's going to decide pretty much what gets built.

We ended up with a area on the roof

for people to walk on.

There's gonna be benches on top.

The light is gonna be back here.

If this plane comes up,

you can pull more light in.

They called it the Big Dog Super Zipper.

You're doing a lot of things to really pull nature in,

pull the environment in, which is really great.

[Applause]

Stevie: The Farmers Market is way bigger

than doing chicken coops or cornhole boards.

I mean, we're making something for the town of Windsor,

so we have to make it right as best as we can.

Matt: We have 5 designs,

but as you guys know, we only have one.

As of tomorrow, we have one design to move forward with.

"Of the Windsor Super Market."

Do you want me to say, "From 6 to 7"?

Say you do that. Can you go back and edit it

and get rid of that element?

Yeah. So, like, if I click this,

you can just delete it.

OK. All right.

Yeah, OK. Good.

Just getting the word out for next week.

Basically, we're gonna show the model,

the final design stuff,

to the public at the River Center.

Oh, OK, OK. So let's do it separately.

This type of work is sort of

inherently, like, really complex and political,

and you have to make sure there's the right people

to use the building and to be

really, really invested in not just the structure,

but what's going on inside the structure.

Matt: I think it's critical that people

rally around this thing.

If not, you know, it's gonna fall on its face,

and we'll have a beautiful building

that sits there empty.

Matt: It was only 400 bucks a month,

which was less than her rent at the time of taking it over.

It was an emotional roller coaster

to build this thing, to give it to someone

who was really in need of a good home,

to only see her throw that away.

I think she just saw it as a handout.

So last week, week and a half ago,

had a chance to tour

the Detroit house a little bit.

It was pretty surreal.

It was, essentially, abandoned.

I have no idea who really owns it.

The house itself, the interior of the house,

is a total loss.

I don't know. Charity is too one-sided.

It's too top-down.

The end user doesn't have a real stake

in what's happening in the design process.

in the building process--

in their community, for that matter.

Then it is just charity, and it's top-down,

and it's--we're doing everything for the wrong reasons.

For a while, it was a sort of beacon of hope

that something might get built there,

somehow this neighborhood was gonna come back,

but that's kind of not the case now.

You know, it was a hard lesson to learn.

That house was my story.

But as soon as I walk away from Detroit

and take my story with me, it's nothing but a building.

It's not but just an empty shell.

I think, I hope,

that the Farmers Market is owned by the students who designed it

and the students who built it.

[Several people talking]

Emily: You want to preface this?

Yeah. Uh...so...

We talked for a long time in there,

and then we took it home,

and we played some cornhole and talked some more

and, uh, had a few beers and talked some more.

Boy: Oh, shoot, yeah. That's-- that's what got us.

[Laughter]

But in the end,

we did land on Stevie and CJ's.

But the design was a little bit more worked out

in terms of structure, in terms of how we're gonna build it.

We're not gonna do, like, the stupid little

groundbreaking ceremony type crap, are we?

Emily: We are, but it's not gonna be stupid.

It's gonna be awesome.

Because those things--

It's gonna be super.

From this point forward,

it's no longer Stevie and CJ's design.

I mean, this is the Windsor Super Market.

Right? And this is coming from our class.

Matt: That looks pretty good.

Let me see the mouse for a second.

I'm just like a observer, really.

Are these scenes actually picked out?

Well, somewhat, but...

Others will say that I'm not really all that outspoken.

I'm kind of quiet at times.

Whoa...

I ain't know how to do that.

That's my first time looking at it, too.

Matt: He's always been really quiet.

You know, day one, he was just a kind of fish out of water,

but as soon as we put a pencil in his hand,

it was like second nature.

Kerron: After you design something,

it builds your confidence so much

that you just want to keep doing it,

and it makes you want to design more.

The breakthrough moments, the "aha" moments,

they happen so rarely that, you know,

half the time, you think you're just doing

a lousy job as a teacher, but when it does happen,

I mean, it just kind of floors you.

I made a circle and made it look like a little keyhole.

[Chuckles]

That's awesome.

[Beeping]

Emily: Anthony, you want to recruit

two more people to help you with this?

Everybody is building 8 by 8 boxes, basically.

Well, they're not really boxes, but platforms,

and there's gonna be 9 of them,

and we're gonna put them all on the floor side by side

and it's gonna make a level platform.

There's gonna be 9 of them,

and it's gonna be a humongous square.

Emily: But why are we building the trusses in here,

instead of just on-site?

Eric: Because we can do it now

for a little bit of prefab,

so it's done quicker on-site.

Emily: As we're getting closer to the build,

we have foundation funding to pay our students

and our contractors and everyone else that's involved,

but Matt and I remain uncompensated as teachers.

Cameron: I spent the last week in the shop

along with CJ and Stevie and some help from Rody.

I'm excited. I'm definitely excited.

Big dog, I never talk to you like that when you--

Yes, you do.

No, I don't. Shut up.

But I'm concerned that what's happening

in there right now is gonna happen this summer,

and it's really starting to tick me off.

I mean, they're sitting in there doing nothing.

He has to pick them up because I got all of them.

I'll put you down for full days Monday through Thursday,

and then start date, we don't know.

Don't know because I don't have a vehicle.

Well, if transportation is your only issue,

we can help with that.

Matt, voiceover: Jamesha doesn't have a car,

so I told her I'd provide her with a purple bike--

specifically, a mountain bike,

I think, is what she wants.

Let's make sure, Jamesha--hang on to these.

Make sure we put these in order.

Jamesha: I thought he was gonna buy a bike,

but he brought me a bunch of old bikes.

Right now, we're putting two together.

Well, we're switching parts

from two of them right now.

Matt, do I need to go

all the way through the 2 by 12, or what?

Emily: Cameron really wanted a pull-up bar,

so Matt said to him, "There's a ton of material,

and you have all the welding skills that you need."

This was around the time that we had started

to teach the basics of welding,

and some of the students took to it more than others,

and Cameron was one that really enjoyed welding.

Matt: It was a good distraction

from the usual, kind of, brick and mortar.

It held me. I think it'll hold you, Kerron.

He can do, like, 40.

Can you really do 40?

Cameron, if I could do a pull-up,

I know you can do it.

It's good, Jamesha.

Emily, voiceover: Matt and I are business partners,

but we're also life partners.

But again, those aren't gonna be square.

They're square to this, aren't they?

No. That's what I was trying to tell you.

I can't treat him just like a partner or an employee

because I know he's more than that, and yet--

it just becomes very muddied.

Measure up.

That's what I did, and I drew a square off of here.

Yeah, I know, you just... Yeah, I get it.

I don't know what your problem is.

I did it, and all the dimensions are correct,

so why do you care?

I mean, you just measured it,

and they're accurate, so...

A-plus. You know? It's fine.

It's fine.

It's good.

We like it because it's hard

and because it's in such tight constraints,

whether that's financial or the fact that

we basically run a design firm full of 16-year-olds.

Matt: Well, whatever. I'm not having this discussion.

Get it unloaded in the next 15 minutes

so we can get this trailer out of here, please.

Is that the end of his little pep talk?

Constraint really breeds ingenuity,

I think, and that's...

that's what we're here for,

because we're constrained as hell.

So...

We're masochists, a little bit.

Look. You can see the natural light casting

off of each of those trusses we're gonna build.

Soon.

Real soon.

Mark 2' 2 1/2."

Love it.

7 1/2. We're golden.

What I hope to see in 16 weeks is

that little model right there, full-size.

[Chicken squawking]

Emily: This is kind of a weird award ceremony

because it's not really the end of the year.

I mean, it sort of is, but we still have a building to construct.

so...it's a congratulations

for what you guys have accomplished this year,

but we still have a ton of work to do.

Kerron.

Candy cane!

Thank you, thank you.

Thank you.

This is your Completion of Studio H commemorative nut.

Doing video confessionals.

This is Studio H therapy.

Ready?

Yeah. OK.

Um... I don't really know where to start.

What's there to say?

This school ain't worth 5 cents.

If it weren't for this here class, I wouldn't be here.

I guarantee it.

This year...

It's had a lot of ups and downs.

I just...school...

It just went by kind of quick.

And...oh!

Emily.

Oh, excuse me.

That's OK. What's up?

I want to start over.

That's OK. Did you stop it?

No. Do I have to start over?

Yeah. OK.

OK.

Hi.

Everything didn't go as planned,

but we always got things done.

And I wouldn't be scared to come back

and take another class with Matt nor Emily.

And there was, like, two weeks

where only, like, 4 people did anything.

Other than that, it's been a really good year.

I enjoyed Studio H. Absolutely love it.

Recommend it to anybody.

It really...it really was a blessing to be in.

Eric: Ohh!

There is a god.

Did you lose your counterpart?

Yeah. She stayed home, chilling out in the AC.

What'd you do? Piss her off?

No.

What'd you say to her?

It was her call.

Emily: They just finished school Friday.

I'm sure they're just enjoying a week

of not being in the shop.

[Engine revving]

But I don't want them to lose momentum,

because I'm gonna call them on Sunday and say,

"See you at 8 AM," and they're gonna go, "Ohh!"

It feels good to be back, to be working.

Eric: What makes it special for me

is that someone young can see an idea

and have someone help them flesh out their ideas

and then put it on paper, and here we are.

I mean, this is truly the students' design.

It has not changed in the slightest bit.

Then we'll set it in the concrete.

The concrete forms around it,

flows through it.

We have our official permit, issued by Bertie County.

This is sort of the big green light for

us to legally be able to build on that site.

Make sure you drink water, like every hour.

I don't want you guys to keel over,

and it's gonna get hot.

Ooh, big worm.

It was kind of a rude awakening when they showed up

and we said, "Grab a shovel and start digging,

and keep digging for 4 days straight."

Yeah. We're racing the clock.

Beep, beep.

Matt: In order to do the things that we do,

it requires social sciences and anthropology

and history and math.

You guys should start pushing it around.

But we're, like, finding a way to manifest all that

in something very tangible and very real

that has an outcome.

That's what makes it so much harder. It's so hot.

Holy mucking buckets.

Matt: We are getting the first three trusses

in the air tomorrow.

Emily: My anxiety is starting to come back

because it's a more dangerous site now,

so there's just a lot of weight on our shoulders

to make sure that everything goes as planned.

Eric: Push your way.

I want the school board

to be here on the opening day

and have to, like, stare this building in the face

and know that this came out of our program.

I just think that's kind of hard to argue with.

[Hammering]

No, they're pretty good workers.

They just take breaks.

Boy, you better get out my face.

The heat index is supposed to be

at, like, 110,

but the actual temperature today

was, like, 94, I think.

Nah. Nah.

Why not?

Look at me.

Emily: It's taking a toll on our bodies.

We wake up every morning and feel like

we've been hit by a truck,

but by 10 AM, that passes, and you keep working through it.

Matt: Got sweat dripping out of my ears.

I didn't know I could sweat out of my ears.

Emily: I mean, we're reaching a point

where we're at our absolute limits,

physically and emotionally.

There is a lot of tension between just the two of us.

I mean, there are days when I really want to strangle him,

and I know he feels the same way.

While I really value my relationship with Matt,

we kind of need to put it on the back burner

and get this building done, and then we can figure out

how to come back to each other.

The beginning, especially when we were digging the foundation,

we had a lot of students coming out, and that was great,

but I think some of the students are feeling like,

"I'd like to have a little bit of a breather

before school starts again."

Matt: It's summertime, and if I think back

to when I was in high school, in the summertime,

what was I doing, what was I thinking about?

How can we somehow still get them excited about this,

yet respect what else is going on in their life

at the age of 16, 17, 18?

Emily: We somehow had it in our heads

that we could maybe finish this building

by the beginning of August.

[Thunder]

We really wanted our students to finish the building,

celebrate it, and then go back to school.

We've been on our last leg for two months already,

having come off of a full school year.

Last week, everything just kind of...

fell apart.

The pressure was just building.

I mean, we have this structure that's not finished.

We have school starting.

We just decided that, you know, something had to give.

Jamesha: "Jamesha-- Thank you for coming

"to work this summer and contributing to the vision.

"We're so proud of all you have achieved!

"Emily and Matt.

PS--Girl power."

"Thanks for being a part of this.

We're so very proud of you. Matt and Emily."

Oh...

I love those guys.

Erick: "Erick, thank you so much

"for being out here every day,

"sweating and working so hard.

"We could not have done this without you,

"your muscle and spirit.

Emily and Matt."

Oh, man.

Good thing I got my sunglasses on here.

[Takes deep breath]

Eric: I'm glad I worked with Studio H,

because it had purpose.

Thank you so much for everything.

You're the best. Thanks for the invitation.

Emily, voiceover: It's the unraveling of the team.

Appreciate it.

Count on me anytime.

We knew the day was coming, but, um...

it's gonna be-- it's gonna be lonely.

Eric: I think I'll remember the small details

about each student,

like the way Kerron observes from a distance,

computes, and then comes up with a question

that is very thought-out and very insightful.

Stevie was here all the time.

His hard work ethic.

He's there to lend a hand for anything.

Cameron? He's got a lot of spirit.

My dad said to me a couple of years ago,

and it rings true...

Are the things you're doing making a difference

in anyone's lives?

Matt: It's bigger than the students, at this point.

It's bigger than their education.

At this point, it's the town's, it's the community's,

and getting it done is the critical part.

Ron: The town felt ownership.

This is our project.

This is our Farmers Market.

This is something that we helped make real.

That's what brings people together.

There's nothing like being able to go to a place

where you can get fresh local-grown vegetables.

Woman: I've never been a part of something

so big as this, and it is big.

This thing is huge.

This can be the small town that we want it to be,

if we're willing to put in the hard work

and do what we need to do.

The Farmers Market is the beginning.

I've always wanted to have my own business, but I knew

it had to be in something that I absolutely loved.

If it wasn't for the Farmers Market,

I would still be dreaming about doing what I do now.

Man: On many, many levels, it's a good building.

But the fact that it actually works

and gives something back to the society that it's in--

I don't think that there's a greater testament

to what a good building is.

Emily: The opening ceremony for the pavilion

is in 14 hours, tomorrow morning at 10.

I'm just tired.

Zullinger: I don't know what I was expecting

in terms of an outcome.

Maybe a swap-back or two of a few emails.

To stand here and look around, it's just...

It's gorgeous.

I screwed on most of all these little bolts.

It looks good-- the siding and the rail.

The rail looks really cool.

Mayor: There's really not a a good way that

that we can adequately express our thanks

for what they have done,

but as a small token,

we do periodically give a key to the city

for people and organizations outside of town.

Matt and Emily, I'd like to give a key to the city to you.

[Applause]

We appreciate so much all you've done.

Thank you so much.

And we look forward to this continuing.

Matt: My pleasure. Appreciate it.

I'm really looking forward to coming back,

probably in 10, 20 years,

and possible still seeing this standing here

looking just the way it is, and, um...well...

I'd like to say thank you to Matt and Emily,

and I hope y'all are here to stay for a long time.

[Applause]

It's bigger than I remembered.

All right. Say "Studio H."

Studio H.

Emily: There are stories and history and richness

in every community.

The Farmers Market was our response

to the stories of this place.

If we were to go into an urban environment,

we probably wouldn't have built a Farmers Market,

but we would have approached it in the same way,

of understanding the story and proposing something

beautiful and creative to respond to that.

Your change.

Thank you. Come back again.

All righty.

Woman: We needed a jolt,

and this was the jolt the town needed,

because people are excited about things now.

They're excited about this, and the see that

this is succeeding, so guess what--

maybe another business on Main Street will succeed.

Emily: The Farmers Market has created

4 new businesses in town and about a dozen new jobs.

Woman: Colin White.

[Applause and cheering]

Erick Bowen.

[Applause and cheering]

Man: Ladies and gentlemen, please join me

in congratulating the class of 2010.

[Applause and cheering]

Yeah!

Emily: I feel really bittersweet about it.

There's a part of me that is sad to leave.

Matt and Em aren't staying because

Bertie County has never paid them

a dime for anything that they done here.

They've been living on credit

and what little money they could find

from grants and things for the last two years.

So I don't blame them for going.

The power structure, which is deeply rooted here,

kind of saw them as a challenge to their authority.

They should have embraced them

and been willing to support Matt and Emily

with the resources to continue their work,

but they would not make that investment.

Matt: It wasn't really just about design.

I mean, design was the, sort of, vehicle

for us to begin talking to these kids.

We knew a lot about their, sort of, day-to-day life

outside of school, and they would come here excited

to just kind of hang out.

Ha ha!

You know, they're challenged.

They're asked to really think,

and they're asked to really produce.

They've been here for two years.

The first year, I was in their class the entire time.

He helped me with my car when my muffler was messed up--

you know, just stuff like that--

and it's sad to see them go.

I have no clue what this goes to...

or even what it's supposed to do.

Emily: We didn't come here saying,

"This is a really poor county. We can help."

We would be naive to think that we could do that

in a short amount of time.

But we can plant small seeds in our students

that, years from now,

might result in a new kind of resource

that could address some of those issues.

[Engine starts]

To know that something that we started

from such a simple idea--

to see that translate into something so tangible

makes me feel like what we did was worth something and...

Yeah, that it was... it wasn't...

It wasn't for nothing.

I'm just-- I'm so proud of them.

Erick: What happened last summer was just greatness.

That's a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity,

and it happened to us.

With them leaving, it kind of feels like, you know,

that's almost the end of everything, you know?

They were essentially the only people that, you know,

brought everybody up when they got here

and now you got to figure out, who do you look to now?

Matt: We're in Berkeley, California.

We're in our new classroom, our new home for Studio H.

Yeah. Starting over.

Emily: OK, so today, we are gonna get dirty.

Hope you're OK with that.

* Just when the sun *

* Disappeared behind the mountain *

* Even my shadow turned away *

* The sound of my voice *

* Was lost within the echoes *

* Leaving with nothing left to say *

* But there's a dim light *

* Up ahead *

* I wonder if it's you *

* I see *

* The outline in the distance *

* I see *

* The colors filling in *

* And I know *

* Something's bound to happen *

* Bound to happen *

When we were in Matt

and Emily's class,

I just got kind of interested

in the chickens and whatnot.

Well, I got out here

and built a coop.

It's just kind of like

a hobby kind of deal.

You could get in

and get the straw and

the nesting areas all cleaned out,

and then you could still get the eggs

without having to

reach your hand in

the little holes.

I told Matt and Emily about it.

They said they wanted to see it

when it was completed, just to see

what I could come up with on my own.

It don't look like a whole lot,

but it means a lot to me.

* La, la la la *

* La la la la, la la la la *

* La, la la la la, la la la *

* La, la la la *

* La la la la, la la la la *

* La, la la la la, la la la *

* But there's a dim light up ahead *

* I wonder if it's you *

* I see *

* The outline in the distance *

* I see *

* Colors filling in *

* And I know *

* Something's bound to happen *

* Bound to happen *

* Bound to happen *