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African savannah. Winning the hunt is
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only the beginning. Wildlife
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documentary.
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Temperatures climb above 108° F and the
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Serengeti grass dries yellow under the
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heat. From far away, the ground begins
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to tremble. The East African sun pours
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down a harsh white light.
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On the grassland, open space is the
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first danger. Tree shade is too thin to
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hide a running body. Deep burrows are
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rarely close enough to save the hunted.
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From the wide plains around the
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Serengeti to the migration corridors
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reaching toward the Masai Mara, the
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ground opens almost without cover.
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Every strip of low grass can hold a
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track, a blood scent, and the direction
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of escape. Prey can see the predator
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from far away. The predator can also
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catch every small movement across the
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bright grass floor.
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In the Serengeti, life rarely disappears
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from view. One small shift is enough to
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turn an entire herd. The sound of hooves
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begins the chain reaction. On that hot
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ground, the one running first leaves a
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trail. The one behind only has to read
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that trail correctly.
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At the lower level of the food chain,
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the impala is rarely allowed to stand
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still for long. Its reddish brown coat
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catches the light. An adult weighs about
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90 to 141 lb, light enough to change
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direction very fast. Long legs carry the
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impala across open ground in only a few
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beats.
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A leaping impala can stretch nearly 33
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ft forward and rise almost 10 ft high.
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In the heat, its body bends briefly
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against the sky.
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When one antelopee launches upward, the
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whole herd instantly breaks formation.
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20, 30, then 50 bodies fire off the
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ground together.
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A predator's eyes have to choose one
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target inside too much movement. Every
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leap cuts the line of sight into pieces.
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That chaos gives the impala a few more
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seconds of life.
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The cheetah begins its chase at the edge
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of the impala herd. The group has just
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scattered. One impala drifts away from
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the others for a few short beats. That
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gap is enough for the cheetah to commit.
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The cheetah's body is slim and light,
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only about 79 to 141 lb.
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Compared with many other big cats,
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almost nothing on its frame is excess.
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Even a little extra mass could slow the
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burst.
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The cheetah lowers its body and surges
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forward. The spine folds then releases
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through every stride. Each step can
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stretch nearly 23 feet.
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The hind legs drive hard and the front
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feet strike the ground with rapid
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precision. A cheetah can accelerate to
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nearly 60 mph in only a few seconds.
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That speed erases the distance between
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hunter and prey very quickly, but it
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also burns energy at a brutal rate.
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The cheetah's claws retract only partly.
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When the foot hits the ground, the claws
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grip the running line. More driving
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force stays locked into every forward
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burst. The long tail sweeps behind,
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balancing the body when the cheetah
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changes [music] direction.
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If the impala turns suddenly, that tail
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instantly corrects the rear body. The
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chase moves fast. The cheetater is built
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for acceleration after a full power
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burst. The higher the speed, the closer
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the limit.
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The Impala still has a chance if it can
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hold distance for a few more seconds.
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One sharp turn can break the cheetah's
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rhythm. A longer run can force the
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hunter to stop. Sometimes the hunt is
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decided in a few breaths. The cheetah
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slows. Its chest heaves under the sun.
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The meal that was right in front of it
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has slipped out of reach and the impala
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rejoins the edge of the herd.
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In 10 hunts, a cheetah usually succeeds
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only four to five times. Speed opens the
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chance, but that chance burns fast under
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the sun. The cheetah stops, and the
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savannah belongs again to the one with
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enough strength to keep moving.
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The grass around the ostrich nest has
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just moved. The male immediately lifts
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his body high. The neck stretches
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straight. Large eyes lock onto the spot
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that shifted. At that distance, even a
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small change is enough to signal danger.
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The ostrich does not fly to escape the
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ground. Its broad wings remain as tools
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for balance and for making the body look
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larger. A body of nearly 300 lb stands
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in the middle of the savannah. Long legs
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plant into the dry grass. Each toe grips
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hard, ready to drive the bird forward.
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When it needs to leave danger, an
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ostrich can run nearly 43 mph.
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That speed outruns every other running
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bird. Its eyes detect danger before its
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legs have to move. Wide vision matters
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as much as speed. Those large eyes sweep
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across the savannah. From almost 2 miles
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away, an ostrich can detect unusual
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movement. Even a dark shape mixed into
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the grass struggles to come too close. A
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lion may lower its body to approach.
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Near the nest, the male is no longer
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only watching. The large body turns
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straight toward the danger. The wings
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spread wide, making the bird look much
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larger, and the neck drops low. Each
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step begins to gather force. Yellow dust
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jumps behind every strike into the
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ground.
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An ostrich kick can seriously injure a
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lion. The power sits in the long legs,
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strong joints, and a forward driving
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strike. The male charges a few steps.
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The intruder is forced to slow down.
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Behind him, the nest still lies among
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the low grass. The eggs cannot run, so
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the male must turn his own body into the
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final barrier. Under the East African
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sun, speed sometimes helps an ostrich
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escape danger. But near the nest,
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standing ground becomes the strongest
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warning.
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From the edge of the horizon, the ground
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begins to move. It is wilderbeast.
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More than 1.5 million wilderbeast enter
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the annual migration. The route pulls
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them across the Serengeti and into the
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Masai Mara. Few sightes carry more
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weight.
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An adult wilderbeast weighs about 260 to
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600 lb. The herd moves forward, dust
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rolling behind layer after layer of
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hooves.
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A wilderbeast's strength is not
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solitary. That massive river of bodies
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forces predators to calculate
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Charge into the wrong place and a hunter
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can be trampled. But inside that sea of
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dark backs, gaps always open. Calves
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fall behind the herd's rhythm.
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Older animals lose strength after many
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days on the move. One small limp is
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enough for distance to appear.
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A predator only has to find the weakest
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part of the herd. And at the edge of the
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low brush, yellow eyes are already
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waiting.
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The lioness does not rush out at once.
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She waits for the chance. Her body,
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weighing about 260 to nearly 400 lb,
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presses low into the grass. Her coat
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blends with yellow dust and thin tree
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shadow.
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Each step forward happens only while the
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wilderbeast lower their heads. Even a
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small movement of an ear is enough to
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stop her.
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The real hunt begins long before the
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charge. A lioness often moves with
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others.
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Two or three more may divide the
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approach from different angles.
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Inside a large herd, chaos becomes the
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moment to strike. One lioness forces the
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prey to change direction from the grass
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edge. Another closes slowly along the
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side of the herd. The final distance
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turns into one short explosion. The
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lioness searches for the animal losing
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rhythm. A calf is pushed away from the
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running line. The strike hits the flank
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and drags the young body down into the
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grass.
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The lioness holds the calf until the
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chest no longer rises. Before the dust
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has settled, the meal is already calling
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others in. On the Serengeti, catching
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prey does not always mean keeping it.
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From far away, the roar of a male lion
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cuts across the grassland. That sound
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does not only mark his position, it
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draws a boundary for every other lion
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moving through the dark. for a male
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lion.
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Power does not come from age. Power
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begins the moment he is forced out of
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the pride. At about 3 years old, a young
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male must leave the safety of the group.
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From there, the grassland becomes a long
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test. Hunger, wounds, and solitary
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nights follow every step.
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Many males disappear before they grow
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strong enough to return. Those that
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survive often find brothers or allies.
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Their bodies thicken, their manes
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darken, and the objective changes. The
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male lion returns to take a pride by
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force.
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Confrontations between males are brief.
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One swipe can tear the skin of the face.
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One bite to the neck or spine can end
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everything. If the loser survives, he
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withdraws into the night.
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A distant roar reminds the territory
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that the next challenger is already
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growing. In the Serengeti, power lasts
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only while there is strength enough to
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defend it.
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Heat above 104° F presses down on the
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grass. A wartthog moves low through
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yellow dust and dry wind. Its body has
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no sweat glands to release heat, so a
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mud wallow becomes a place of survival.
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Mud coats the skin and pulls heat away
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from the body. When it dries, it also
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helps block parasites from clinging to
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the skin. The mother warthog moves first
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with the young close behind. Ears rise
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at every unfamiliar sound.
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In the dry season, distance from the
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group can become costly. Family bonds
246
00:18:21,760 --> 00:18:24,640
are the first line of defense. Alert
247
00:18:24,640 --> 00:18:26,960
mothers take turns reading the wind and
248
00:18:26,960 --> 00:18:30,919
the shadows in the grass.
249
00:18:39,120 --> 00:18:41,600
When danger closes in, the group
250
00:18:41,600 --> 00:18:44,720
retreats to an old burrow. It is usually
251
00:18:44,720 --> 00:18:48,080
a den abandoned by another species.
252
00:18:48,080 --> 00:18:50,960
Inside, deeper soil holds a steadier
253
00:18:50,960 --> 00:18:55,160
temperature than the grass above.
254
00:19:07,280 --> 00:19:10,720
At midday, the dark burrow helps wthogs
255
00:19:10,720 --> 00:19:13,200
avoid the worst heat of the day.
256
00:19:13,200 --> 00:19:15,520
Outside, the dry season keeps [music]
257
00:19:15,520 --> 00:19:18,080
tightening around the savannah. Small
258
00:19:18,080 --> 00:19:23,000
pools shrink after the hours of sun.
259
00:19:37,600 --> 00:19:41,039
Easy food disappears first. The warthog
260
00:19:41,039 --> 00:19:43,120
lowers its head to the ground and begins
261
00:19:43,120 --> 00:19:49,400
to dig. A hard snout turns the dry soil.
262
00:20:00,320 --> 00:20:03,520
Tusks pull up roots, small tubers, and
263
00:20:03,520 --> 00:20:06,160
the last scraps of grass. What many
264
00:20:06,160 --> 00:20:08,559
animals leave behind keeps the warthog
265
00:20:08,559 --> 00:20:11,559
alive.
266
00:20:19,440 --> 00:20:22,880
Midday movement slows to save strength.
267
00:20:22,880 --> 00:20:25,280
Many days with little water force, the
268
00:20:25,280 --> 00:20:29,320
group to move more slowly.
269
00:20:39,039 --> 00:20:42,080
But every limit has an end. A water hole
270
00:20:42,080 --> 00:20:45,360
appears ahead, low and muddy. The smell
271
00:20:45,360 --> 00:20:47,840
of moisture pulls the wartthogs out from
272
00:20:47,840 --> 00:20:51,640
the shadow of the burrow.
273
00:20:58,799 --> 00:21:01,120
That water source could save the whole
274
00:21:01,120 --> 00:21:04,400
group. It also often holds the tracks of
275
00:21:04,400 --> 00:21:07,679
predators. The mother warthog stops at
276
00:21:07,679 --> 00:21:10,480
the mud edge. The young stand behind
277
00:21:10,480 --> 00:21:15,520
her, not yet daring to step down.
278
00:21:24,080 --> 00:21:26,960
Thirst can become stronger than fear. At
279
00:21:26,960 --> 00:21:29,760
about 2 years old, a young male begins
280
00:21:29,760 --> 00:21:32,559
to be pushed away from the family. That
281
00:21:32,559 --> 00:21:35,440
separation forces the male warthog to
282
00:21:35,440 --> 00:21:39,799
find his own path to survival.
283
00:21:40,240 --> 00:21:43,240
Behind
284
00:21:46,000 --> 00:21:48,080
him, the mother's group no longer
285
00:21:48,080 --> 00:21:51,039
shields him. The familiar burrow also
286
00:21:51,039 --> 00:21:54,000
disappears from every retreat. From that
287
00:21:54,000 --> 00:21:56,960
moment, every strip of mud and every
288
00:21:56,960 --> 00:22:01,640
footprint must be read alone.
289
00:22:15,520 --> 00:22:18,000
The dry season does not only test
290
00:22:18,000 --> 00:22:20,559
endurance. It is the moment when the
291
00:22:20,559 --> 00:22:22,720
young warthog is separated from his
292
00:22:22,720 --> 00:22:26,120
final protection.
293
00:22:32,480 --> 00:22:35,280
The dry season in southern Serengeti
294
00:22:35,280 --> 00:22:38,080
still holds patches of living grass.
295
00:22:38,080 --> 00:22:40,640
From the north, zebras begin pouring
296
00:22:40,640 --> 00:22:43,440
down. The migration has already crossed
297
00:22:43,440 --> 00:22:47,240
many days of dust.
298
00:22:54,000 --> 00:22:56,480
At the edge of the low grass, the lion
299
00:22:56,480 --> 00:22:59,440
pride watches the herd. Their eyes
300
00:22:59,440 --> 00:23:04,039
search for a broken running rhythm.
301
00:23:15,440 --> 00:23:17,600
Millions of hooves send the ground
302
00:23:17,600 --> 00:23:20,720
trembling in waves. Ahead lies new
303
00:23:20,720 --> 00:23:23,280
grass. On both sides of the running
304
00:23:23,280 --> 00:23:26,720
line, low brush is just tall enough to
305
00:23:26,720 --> 00:23:30,679
hide a lion's body.
306
00:23:40,240 --> 00:23:43,120
The sound of hooves also sends a signal
307
00:23:43,120 --> 00:23:45,840
to the hunters waiting in place. The
308
00:23:45,840 --> 00:23:48,960
yellow grass of the dry season hides low
309
00:23:48,960 --> 00:23:52,799
bodies well. The lioness lies still with
310
00:23:52,799 --> 00:23:56,760
only her ears moving.
311
00:24:04,960 --> 00:24:08,480
In a large herd, small prey alone is not
312
00:24:08,480 --> 00:24:11,120
enough to feed the pride. A male lion
313
00:24:11,120 --> 00:24:14,240
can eat up to about 88 lb of meat in one
314
00:24:14,240 --> 00:24:16,559
meal. So, the hunting group has to
315
00:24:16,559 --> 00:24:19,360
choose a target worth the risk. Familiar
316
00:24:19,360 --> 00:24:23,480
ground becomes the advantage.
317
00:24:44,880 --> 00:24:48,000
The zebra herd panics. Dust covers the
318
00:24:48,000 --> 00:24:51,840
lower ground. Inside that dust, distance
319
00:24:51,840 --> 00:24:55,559
disappears fast.
320
00:25:08,640 --> 00:25:11,039
But the savannah does not belong only to
321
00:25:11,039 --> 00:25:14,559
prey that can run. Farther away, a heavy
322
00:25:14,559 --> 00:25:16,720
black mass is moving through the yellow
323
00:25:16,720 --> 00:25:19,600
grass. African buffalo bring a different
324
00:25:19,600 --> 00:25:23,080
kind of danger.
325
00:25:34,000 --> 00:25:36,559
The riverside grass parts before black
326
00:25:36,559 --> 00:25:39,520
horns. African buffalo move out from the
327
00:25:39,520 --> 00:25:42,400
shade. Their pace is heavy, slow, and
328
00:25:42,400 --> 00:25:45,279
sure. Large hooves press into the wet
329
00:25:45,279 --> 00:25:49,080
ground near the bank.
330
00:25:59,840 --> 00:26:02,480
>> Ahead, the muddy chobee lies under the
331
00:26:02,480 --> 00:26:05,840
sun. The black mass alone is enough to
332
00:26:05,840 --> 00:26:09,039
open space. Carves move deeper into the
333
00:26:09,039 --> 00:26:11,840
center. The larger bodies hold the outer
334
00:26:11,840 --> 00:26:17,320
edge where danger can press in fastest.
335
00:26:27,600 --> 00:26:30,240
>> An adult male can carry horns more than
336
00:26:30,240 --> 00:26:34,159
35 in wide. The thick bases of the horns
337
00:26:34,159 --> 00:26:37,039
fuse across the forehead. That mass
338
00:26:37,039 --> 00:26:39,120
absorbs heavy impact during
339
00:26:39,120 --> 00:26:40,640
confrontations.
340
00:26:40,640 --> 00:26:43,120
When the buffalo lowers its head, the
341
00:26:43,120 --> 00:26:45,200
whole front of the body becomes a living
342
00:26:45,200 --> 00:26:48,200
shield.
343
00:26:58,880 --> 00:27:01,600
Beneath that stubborn surface, the herd
344
00:27:01,600 --> 00:27:04,159
carries a clear order. Experienced
345
00:27:04,159 --> 00:27:06,799
females often guide the direction of the
346
00:27:06,799 --> 00:27:09,679
group. Small changes move through body
347
00:27:09,679 --> 00:27:12,400
position, the direction of a stair, and
348
00:27:12,400 --> 00:27:16,520
the distance between animals.
349
00:27:24,320 --> 00:27:26,559
When the water source can still sustain
350
00:27:26,559 --> 00:27:30,080
them, large herds may grow beyond 1,000
351
00:27:30,080 --> 00:27:33,440
animals. From far away, the herd looks
352
00:27:33,440 --> 00:27:35,840
like a dark mass moving along the
353
00:27:35,840 --> 00:27:39,039
riverbank. Each adult can weigh nearly
354
00:27:39,039 --> 00:27:42,760
2,000 lbs.
355
00:27:50,880 --> 00:27:53,919
Yet, the Chob River is a vital corridor
356
00:27:53,919 --> 00:27:57,600
in the dry season. On one side lies
357
00:27:57,600 --> 00:28:02,000
grass already grazed low.
358
00:28:11,120 --> 00:28:14,559
On the other side are shade, cool mud,
359
00:28:14,559 --> 00:28:17,760
and a place to recover. The buffalo must
360
00:28:17,760 --> 00:28:20,159
move between these points to keep the
361
00:28:20,159 --> 00:28:23,880
rhythm of each day.
362
00:28:32,960 --> 00:28:35,440
A buffalo can drink more than 8 gallons
363
00:28:35,440 --> 00:28:38,399
of water each day. When the sun holds
364
00:28:38,399 --> 00:28:41,039
on, the riverbank becomes a place they
365
00:28:41,039 --> 00:28:44,080
must return to. Thirst pulls the herd
366
00:28:44,080 --> 00:28:46,480
down to the water, even though that
367
00:28:46,480 --> 00:28:50,840
place always carries risk.
368
00:29:02,960 --> 00:29:05,200
When the herd needs to change direction,
369
00:29:05,200 --> 00:29:08,240
buffalo do not wait for a loud call. A
370
00:29:08,240 --> 00:29:11,279
female rises first. Her head turns
371
00:29:11,279 --> 00:29:14,399
toward the farther grass. Several nearby
372
00:29:14,399 --> 00:29:16,559
buffalo look with her, then lift their
373
00:29:16,559 --> 00:29:19,360
bodies from the ground. One head after
374
00:29:19,360 --> 00:29:24,120
another turns in the same direction.
375
00:29:38,080 --> 00:29:40,080
>> The distance between the black bodies
376
00:29:40,080 --> 00:29:42,799
begins to close. Young buffalo are
377
00:29:42,799 --> 00:29:45,279
pushed into the center before the herd
378
00:29:45,279 --> 00:29:47,840
leaves the bank. Hundreds of heavy
379
00:29:47,840 --> 00:29:52,360
bodies move away from the grass.
380
00:29:57,600 --> 00:30:01,120
Low dust rises behind each step. There
381
00:30:01,120 --> 00:30:04,000
is only the steady rhythm, heavy and
382
00:30:04,000 --> 00:30:07,279
certain. Behind the black horns, the
383
00:30:07,279 --> 00:30:11,559
water's edge slowly settles.
384
00:30:19,200 --> 00:30:21,600
The river closes around the fresh mud
385
00:30:21,600 --> 00:30:24,960
tracks. The herd has moved on, leaving
386
00:30:24,960 --> 00:30:27,520
behind an open space heavy with the
387
00:30:27,520 --> 00:30:31,399
smell of wet earth.
388
00:30:59,679 --> 00:31:02,320
Spotted hyenas almost seem to live by
389
00:31:02,320 --> 00:31:05,840
carryion alone. But hyena clans are also
390
00:31:05,840 --> 00:31:08,720
relentless hunters. Much of their food
391
00:31:08,720 --> 00:31:13,240
comes from their own long pursuits.
392
00:31:21,919 --> 00:31:24,799
When prey begins to tire, the hyena's
393
00:31:24,799 --> 00:31:27,679
advantage becomes clear. One animal
394
00:31:27,679 --> 00:31:30,399
after another keeps following, holding
395
00:31:30,399 --> 00:31:33,600
pressure across long stretches of grass.
396
00:31:33,600 --> 00:31:36,080
Powerful jaws help hyenas take
397
00:31:36,080 --> 00:31:39,039
everything from a meal. Bone, tendon,
398
00:31:39,039 --> 00:31:43,880
and thick skin can all be crushed.
399
00:31:56,480 --> 00:31:59,120
That is why a large carcass pulls the
400
00:31:59,120 --> 00:32:02,320
clan in fast. The smell of fresh meat
401
00:32:02,320 --> 00:32:04,799
moves through the dry wind, leading the
402
00:32:04,799 --> 00:32:07,919
group toward the yellow dust. This time
403
00:32:07,919 --> 00:32:11,039
that scent ends beside a lion pride. The
404
00:32:11,039 --> 00:32:15,559
carcass lies in open ground.
405
00:32:24,159 --> 00:32:27,120
Several lionesses stand around the meal,
406
00:32:27,120 --> 00:32:30,640
shoulders low, eyes fixed on the grass.
407
00:32:30,640 --> 00:32:33,760
From far away, the sharp calls of hyenas
408
00:32:33,760 --> 00:32:37,360
begin to rise. The sound breaks, pushes
409
00:32:37,360 --> 00:32:39,600
forward, then spreads in several
410
00:32:39,600 --> 00:32:42,600
directions.
411
00:32:49,039 --> 00:32:52,080
The hyena clan does not rush in at once.
412
00:32:52,080 --> 00:32:54,640
Individuals circle the outside edge,
413
00:32:54,640 --> 00:32:57,279
testing the distance with short steps.
414
00:32:57,279 --> 00:33:00,240
One hyena moves forward, then stops and
415
00:33:00,240 --> 00:33:02,960
waits again. The others slide toward the
416
00:33:02,960 --> 00:33:05,440
flanks, searching for gaps between the
417
00:33:05,440 --> 00:33:08,440
lionesses.
418
00:33:14,080 --> 00:33:16,320
Their numbers force the pride to stretch
419
00:33:16,320 --> 00:33:19,440
itself around the carcass. Each lioness
420
00:33:19,440 --> 00:33:22,320
holds one angle, but the calls bring
421
00:33:22,320 --> 00:33:25,279
more hyenas closer. The ring around the
422
00:33:25,279 --> 00:33:29,240
meal begins to thicken.
423
00:33:35,519 --> 00:33:38,159
If the hyena clan becomes large enough,
424
00:33:38,159 --> 00:33:42,360
the meal can change rulers.
425
00:33:51,919 --> 00:33:54,000
Leaving the open grasslands of the
426
00:33:54,000 --> 00:33:56,880
Serengeti, the rules of survival begin
427
00:33:56,880 --> 00:34:00,240
to change shape. There, speed and open
428
00:34:00,240 --> 00:34:04,840
space decide many hunts.
429
00:34:12,800 --> 00:34:16,079
But at Chob, every living body is pulled
430
00:34:16,079 --> 00:34:19,599
toward one common force, water. The Chob
431
00:34:19,599 --> 00:34:22,000
River cuts through dry land, holding
432
00:34:22,000 --> 00:34:24,800
cool mud, shade, and the trails that
433
00:34:24,800 --> 00:34:29,800
large herds must return to each day.
434
00:34:37,119 --> 00:34:40,079
The riverbank here never stays quiet for
435
00:34:40,079 --> 00:34:43,359
long. African elephants pass through,
436
00:34:43,359 --> 00:34:46,560
leaving deep pathways behind. In the dry
437
00:34:46,560 --> 00:34:49,119
season, the memory of older females
438
00:34:49,119 --> 00:34:52,599
becomes critical.
439
00:35:00,079 --> 00:35:02,480
Calves cannot travel too long under the
440
00:35:02,480 --> 00:35:05,599
sun. The adults also need water to keep
441
00:35:05,599 --> 00:35:08,079
their body temperature stable. If the
442
00:35:08,079 --> 00:35:10,480
old route leads to a pool already gone
443
00:35:10,480 --> 00:35:13,920
dry, the whole herd must continue even
444
00:35:13,920 --> 00:35:16,400
as every step drains more strength from
445
00:35:16,400 --> 00:35:19,880
massive bodies.
446
00:35:24,189 --> 00:35:26,209
[screaming]
447
00:35:27,599 --> 00:35:30,320
Large ears spread open, releasing heat
448
00:35:30,320 --> 00:35:33,119
from the body. The trunk does more work
449
00:35:33,119 --> 00:35:35,359
than any other limb. It can break
450
00:35:35,359 --> 00:35:38,079
branches, then pick small fruit from the
451
00:35:38,079 --> 00:35:41,359
ground. Tusks drive into dry earth to
452
00:35:41,359 --> 00:35:44,560
dig for water. Those same tusks strip
453
00:35:44,560 --> 00:35:46,720
bark from trees when food becomes
454
00:35:46,720 --> 00:35:49,720
scarce.
455
00:35:58,160 --> 00:36:00,240
The elephant herd survives through
456
00:36:00,240 --> 00:36:02,880
collective strength and the older female
457
00:36:02,880 --> 00:36:05,520
often leads the way. Her memory holds
458
00:36:05,520 --> 00:36:08,720
the old paths to water across many dry
459
00:36:08,720 --> 00:36:11,119
seasons. That experience becomes the
460
00:36:11,119 --> 00:36:15,320
life of the entire herd.
461
00:36:31,920 --> 00:36:34,640
Elephants also call to one another with
462
00:36:34,640 --> 00:36:38,079
low frequency sound. The human ear
463
00:36:38,079 --> 00:36:41,280
cannot catch those deep calls, but the
464
00:36:41,280 --> 00:36:43,760
ground can carry their vibrations across
465
00:36:43,760 --> 00:36:47,160
many miles.
466
00:37:00,800 --> 00:37:03,520
Elephants open paths through the brush,
467
00:37:03,520 --> 00:37:06,400
letting light fall to the lower grass.
468
00:37:06,400 --> 00:37:08,960
New clearings help many smaller species
469
00:37:08,960 --> 00:37:12,920
find food and shelter.
470
00:37:23,520 --> 00:37:26,320
The slow movement of elephants hides a
471
00:37:26,320 --> 00:37:29,760
major risk. A pregnancy lasting nearly 2
472
00:37:29,760 --> 00:37:33,200
years means each new generation arrives
473
00:37:33,200 --> 00:37:36,680
very slowly.
474
00:37:42,640 --> 00:37:45,520
Behind those heavy steps, the herd keeps
475
00:37:45,520 --> 00:37:47,839
searching for water. And at the next
476
00:37:47,839 --> 00:37:50,160
riverbank, another kind of strength
477
00:37:50,160 --> 00:37:53,800
waits in silence.
478
00:37:59,520 --> 00:38:02,800
The sky is hot and broad-winged shadows
479
00:38:02,800 --> 00:38:06,520
circle in silence.
480
00:38:11,359 --> 00:38:13,920
The maribou stalk has seen something on
481
00:38:13,920 --> 00:38:16,720
the ground below. It rides the warm air
482
00:38:16,720 --> 00:38:19,359
rising from the plane. A wingspan of
483
00:38:19,359 --> 00:38:22,720
about 8.5 ft lets the bird drift over
484
00:38:22,720 --> 00:38:28,599
the land for a long time on the ground.
485
00:38:40,640 --> 00:38:43,280
The maribou is not beautiful in an easy
486
00:38:43,280 --> 00:38:46,880
way. Gray feathers, a bare head, and a
487
00:38:46,880 --> 00:38:50,400
naked neck give it a cold, severe shape.
488
00:38:50,400 --> 00:38:52,800
But that mostly featherless head helps
489
00:38:52,800 --> 00:38:55,280
the maribou stay cleaner while feeding
490
00:38:55,280 --> 00:38:58,520
on carrion.
491
00:39:08,880 --> 00:39:12,079
A large maribou stalk can stand nearly 5
492
00:39:12,079 --> 00:39:15,440
feet tall. At about 20 pounds, it
493
00:39:15,440 --> 00:39:17,440
belongs among the largest stalks on
494
00:39:17,440 --> 00:39:20,440
Earth.
495
00:39:32,400 --> 00:39:34,640
Maribou stalks usually arrive after
496
00:39:34,640 --> 00:39:38,480
lions, hyenas, or vultures. They stand
497
00:39:38,480 --> 00:39:41,119
back, hold their distance, then move
498
00:39:41,119 --> 00:39:44,760
into what remains.
499
00:39:52,400 --> 00:39:54,960
Buffalo, zebra, and wilderbeast
500
00:39:54,960 --> 00:39:58,640
carcasses are not wasted. In that work,
501
00:39:58,640 --> 00:40:01,280
river banks and grasslands lose some of
502
00:40:01,280 --> 00:40:05,400
their risk of spreading disease.
503
00:40:20,079 --> 00:40:22,960
When carryon becomes scarce, the stalk
504
00:40:22,960 --> 00:40:27,440
can take fish, frogs or small birds from
505
00:40:27,440 --> 00:40:30,400
subsaharan savas to wetlands and river
506
00:40:30,400 --> 00:40:33,400
banks.
507
00:40:43,599 --> 00:40:46,640
The maribou still finds its place. The
508
00:40:46,640 --> 00:40:49,520
sky gives it a wide field of vision. The
509
00:40:49,520 --> 00:40:51,839
ground gives it the work few species
510
00:40:51,839 --> 00:40:54,839
want.
511
00:41:01,200 --> 00:41:03,599
After the circling ends, death on the
512
00:41:03,599 --> 00:41:08,200
plane is cleaned away a little more.
513
00:41:15,280 --> 00:41:17,520
The call of a fish eagle drops from the
514
00:41:17,520 --> 00:41:20,079
riverbank. The sound carries through the
515
00:41:20,079 --> 00:41:23,680
thin trees along the chobee. Below, dry
516
00:41:23,680 --> 00:41:26,560
grass shifts lightly in the hot wind.
517
00:41:26,560 --> 00:41:29,119
Then a tall shadow moves between the low
518
00:41:29,119 --> 00:41:32,400
trunks. An Angolan giraffe walks slowly
519
00:41:32,400 --> 00:41:36,520
toward the acacia canopy.
520
00:41:46,240 --> 00:41:48,800
Its head reaches into a layer of leaves
521
00:41:48,800 --> 00:41:52,319
few mouths can touch. Long strides carry
522
00:41:52,319 --> 00:41:55,920
the tall body across the open ground.
523
00:41:55,920 --> 00:41:58,720
An adult giraffe often stands about 13
524
00:41:58,720 --> 00:42:01,839
to 20 ft tall. The neck alone can
525
00:42:01,839 --> 00:42:07,319
measure about 6.5 to nearly 8 ft.
526
00:42:16,079 --> 00:42:18,640
That height opens a private feeding
527
00:42:18,640 --> 00:42:22,560
zone. But a tall body also carries heavy
528
00:42:22,560 --> 00:42:25,680
pressure inside. When the head lowers to
529
00:42:25,680 --> 00:42:29,119
drink, that pressure changes again. So
530
00:42:29,119 --> 00:42:32,160
the whole body has to control blood flow
531
00:42:32,160 --> 00:42:36,040
with extreme precision.
532
00:42:44,880 --> 00:42:48,000
A calf walks close beside its mother. A
533
00:42:48,000 --> 00:42:51,440
newborn giraffe is already nearly 6.5 ft
534
00:42:51,440 --> 00:42:57,480
tall. After about 1 hour, it can stand.
535
00:43:07,040 --> 00:43:09,520
Soon after, those young legs must learn
536
00:43:09,520 --> 00:43:12,400
to keep pace with the herd. In lion
537
00:43:12,400 --> 00:43:15,599
country, a calf that lies down too long
538
00:43:15,599 --> 00:43:18,640
is easier to detect. Low grass makes
539
00:43:18,640 --> 00:43:22,000
that tall body stand out. So the calf's
540
00:43:22,000 --> 00:43:25,200
first lesson is to stand steady. The
541
00:43:25,200 --> 00:43:28,160
mother stops beside a thorn acacia. Her
542
00:43:28,160 --> 00:43:30,319
long neck angles toward the young
543
00:43:30,319 --> 00:43:33,319
branches.
544
00:43:46,880 --> 00:43:49,839
Leaves, shoots, and soft twigs are the
545
00:43:49,839 --> 00:43:52,560
preferred food. The dark tongue moves
546
00:43:52,560 --> 00:43:55,359
slowly through the narrow gaps. The tip
547
00:43:55,359 --> 00:43:57,760
wraps around the leaves, then pulls them
548
00:43:57,760 --> 00:44:00,960
free from the thorns. Thick lips help
549
00:44:00,960 --> 00:44:05,720
the giraffe avoid many small punctures.
550
00:44:22,240 --> 00:44:25,680
An adult giraffe can eat about 75 lbs of
551
00:44:25,680 --> 00:44:28,480
vegetation each day. That is a heavy
552
00:44:28,480 --> 00:44:30,640
feeding demand for the trees along the
553
00:44:30,640 --> 00:44:33,920
river. But high browsing removes leaves
554
00:44:33,920 --> 00:44:37,119
from the canopy. As the foliage thins,
555
00:44:37,119 --> 00:44:41,720
more light reaches the ground below.
556
00:44:54,880 --> 00:44:57,280
The story of the Angolan giraffe is not
557
00:44:57,280 --> 00:44:59,680
only about height. By the late 20th
558
00:44:59,680 --> 00:45:02,160
century, war and poaching had driven
559
00:45:02,160 --> 00:45:04,960
populations sharply down. Many places
560
00:45:04,960 --> 00:45:07,200
that once carried tall shadows became
561
00:45:07,200 --> 00:45:09,766
empty. Acacia trees lost an important
562
00:45:09,766 --> 00:45:13,079
[music] browser.
563
00:45:19,119 --> 00:45:22,119
Anti-
564
00:45:28,160 --> 00:45:30,240
poaching teams began protecting the
565
00:45:30,240 --> 00:45:32,480
corridors that still mattered.
566
00:45:32,480 --> 00:45:35,359
Reintroduction programs brought giraffes
567
00:45:35,359 --> 00:45:38,480
back into former range. Each surviving
568
00:45:38,480 --> 00:45:40,960
animal carried more than a beautiful
569
00:45:40,960 --> 00:45:44,160
shape. It carried the return of an
570
00:45:44,160 --> 00:45:47,960
ecological role.
571
00:45:57,760 --> 00:46:00,400
Evening lowers slowly over the Chob
572
00:46:00,400 --> 00:46:03,359
Riverbank. The Angolan giraffe keeps
573
00:46:03,359 --> 00:46:06,640
moving through the open trees. Its long
574
00:46:06,640 --> 00:46:09,040
neck leans through the last light of
575
00:46:09,040 --> 00:46:12,160
day. Fresh feeding marks open small
576
00:46:12,160 --> 00:46:15,880
windows of sunlight.
577
00:46:28,240 --> 00:46:30,880
Each tall shadow returning makes the
578
00:46:30,880 --> 00:46:33,760
landscape feel less empty. Beneath the
579
00:46:33,760 --> 00:46:36,480
giraffe's feet, grass still trembles in
580
00:46:36,480 --> 00:46:39,599
the wind. Above, the fish eagle calls
581
00:46:39,599 --> 00:46:42,800
again across the water. The riverbank
582
00:46:42,800 --> 00:46:45,200
keeps its rhythm through movements that
583
00:46:45,200 --> 00:46:50,200
are slow, quiet, and alive.
584
00:47:00,720 --> 00:47:04,000
At Chob, water pulls every living body
585
00:47:04,000 --> 00:47:07,040
toward the same river edge. But across
586
00:47:07,040 --> 00:47:10,480
the ocean, another ecosystem follows the
587
00:47:10,480 --> 00:47:13,680
opposite law. In the Sonoron, water
588
00:47:13,680 --> 00:47:16,720
gathers life together. Heat is what
589
00:47:16,720 --> 00:47:20,160
arranges power. Across the Atlantic,
590
00:47:20,160 --> 00:47:22,079
death does not roar across the
591
00:47:22,079 --> 00:47:25,079
grassland.
592
00:47:27,920 --> 00:47:30,079
Another hot world opens in North
593
00:47:30,079 --> 00:47:34,079
America. In the Sonoron, fangs, venom,
594
00:47:34,079 --> 00:47:37,359
and claws often wait in darkness.
595
00:47:37,359 --> 00:47:40,000
Beneath the surface, sand holds the
596
00:47:40,000 --> 00:47:42,960
heat, and ground temperatures can climb
597
00:47:42,960 --> 00:47:47,280
above 176° F.
598
00:47:47,280 --> 00:47:50,400
The air rises, bending the horizon into
599
00:47:50,400 --> 00:47:53,359
trembling lines. The Sonoran Desert
600
00:47:53,359 --> 00:47:56,000
stretches across more than 100,000
601
00:47:56,000 --> 00:48:00,079
square miles. Sand, stone, and cactus
602
00:48:00,079 --> 00:48:02,880
spread through Arizona, California, and
603
00:48:02,880 --> 00:48:05,880
Mexico.
604
00:48:15,359 --> 00:48:17,680
From a distance, this place looks
605
00:48:17,680 --> 00:48:20,800
abandoned. The Sonoron is the hottest
606
00:48:20,800 --> 00:48:23,440
desert in North America. At the same
607
00:48:23,440 --> 00:48:26,559
time, rains in two seasons keep it from
608
00:48:26,559 --> 00:48:29,200
drying into complete death. More than
609
00:48:29,200 --> 00:48:32,160
2,000 plant species root themselves in
610
00:48:32,160 --> 00:48:35,720
thirsty ground.
611
00:48:48,000 --> 00:48:50,880
Birds cut across the burning sky. Many
612
00:48:50,880 --> 00:48:53,119
mammals wait for darkness before leaving
613
00:48:53,119 --> 00:48:56,559
shelter. More than 100 reptile species
614
00:48:56,559 --> 00:49:00,079
move through rock, sand, and low brush.
615
00:49:00,079 --> 00:49:02,640
The more life there is, the more mouths
616
00:49:02,640 --> 00:49:06,880
wait for a chance. Prey must read shade,
617
00:49:06,880 --> 00:49:10,400
wind scent, and every mark in the sand.
618
00:49:10,400 --> 00:49:12,559
Predators learn to stay still longer
619
00:49:12,559 --> 00:49:15,359
than the heat itself. In the sonoran,
620
00:49:15,359 --> 00:49:17,440
the question is, who can live long
621
00:49:17,440 --> 00:49:20,000
enough to eat something else? The answer
622
00:49:20,000 --> 00:49:21,839
begins at the lowest level of the
623
00:49:21,839 --> 00:49:24,839
desert.
624
00:49:37,440 --> 00:49:40,400
In the low brush, the large ears rise
625
00:49:40,400 --> 00:49:43,760
first. A small body steps out from thin
626
00:49:43,760 --> 00:49:46,720
shade. The desert cottontail appears
627
00:49:46,720 --> 00:49:49,119
before the sun fully presses down on the
628
00:49:49,119 --> 00:49:53,599
sand. Its body weighs only about 3 lb.
629
00:49:53,599 --> 00:49:56,319
At nearly 15 in long, it [music] fits
630
00:49:56,319 --> 00:49:59,359
the reach of many jaws. In the desert,
631
00:49:59,359 --> 00:50:01,920
every step away from cover places the
632
00:50:01,920 --> 00:50:04,960
rabbit in open sight. The large ears
633
00:50:04,960 --> 00:50:07,280
stand high. They are not only for
634
00:50:07,280 --> 00:50:10,760
hearing sound.
635
00:50:16,079 --> 00:50:19,280
Inside them is a dense network of tiny
636
00:50:19,280 --> 00:50:21,520
blood vessels. When the temperature
637
00:50:21,520 --> 00:50:24,559
rises, blood moves into the ears to
638
00:50:24,559 --> 00:50:27,200
release heat that helps the rabbit
639
00:50:27,200 --> 00:50:29,359
reduce pressure on its body under the
640
00:50:29,359 --> 00:50:32,720
heat. The sun can turn the ground into a
641
00:50:32,720 --> 00:50:36,240
hot slab of stone. The desert cottontail
642
00:50:36,240 --> 00:50:39,040
chooses its timing carefully. While the
643
00:50:39,040 --> 00:50:41,520
light is still soft, it leaves shelter
644
00:50:41,520 --> 00:50:45,359
to feed. Young leaves, low grass, and
645
00:50:45,359 --> 00:50:48,240
small shoots become a quick meal. Every
646
00:50:48,240 --> 00:50:50,720
time it lowers its head, it must listen
647
00:50:50,720 --> 00:50:53,720
again.
648
00:50:58,960 --> 00:51:01,280
The open ground between two patches of
649
00:51:01,280 --> 00:51:04,240
shade is the most dangerous stretch.
650
00:51:04,240 --> 00:51:06,079
There is no tree trunk to hide the
651
00:51:06,079 --> 00:51:08,640
running line. There is no brush thick
652
00:51:08,640 --> 00:51:11,280
enough to cut off sight. Even a small
653
00:51:11,280 --> 00:51:13,839
movement can be detected. A bird's
654
00:51:13,839 --> 00:51:18,200
shadow passes over the ground.
655
00:51:24,960 --> 00:51:27,920
The rabbit freezes at once. Its ears
656
00:51:27,920 --> 00:51:30,480
hold their position with the wind. Its
657
00:51:30,480 --> 00:51:33,200
eyes stay wide, waiting to see whether
658
00:51:33,200 --> 00:51:36,800
the shadow drifts on or drops lower. The
659
00:51:36,800 --> 00:51:39,280
sound of sliding gravel near the brush
660
00:51:39,280 --> 00:51:42,240
pulls the rabbit into a new direction.
661
00:51:42,240 --> 00:51:45,359
Its hind legs fire hard from the sand.
662
00:51:45,359 --> 00:51:48,160
The cottontail turns sharply and dives
663
00:51:48,160 --> 00:51:52,359
into the nearest low cover.
664
00:51:55,920 --> 00:51:58,240
Almost every predator in the sonorin can
665
00:51:58,240 --> 00:52:02,240
eat a rabbit. Snakes read vibration.
666
00:52:02,240 --> 00:52:05,520
Birds of prey see movement from above.
667
00:52:05,520 --> 00:52:07,839
Carnivores follow scent and footprints
668
00:52:07,839 --> 00:52:10,720
around the brush. Its advantage lies in
669
00:52:10,720 --> 00:52:13,760
ears, speed, and the timing of leaving
670
00:52:13,760 --> 00:52:16,800
shade. The rabbit must feed fast enough
671
00:52:16,800 --> 00:52:20,000
before the sun climbs high. Then the
672
00:52:20,000 --> 00:52:22,079
small body disappears again beneath
673
00:52:22,079 --> 00:52:25,119
drought hardened shrubs. Stay too long
674
00:52:25,119 --> 00:52:27,760
and shade itself can become a trap. But
675
00:52:27,760 --> 00:52:29,760
the desert is not dangerous only for
676
00:52:29,760 --> 00:52:32,880
soft prey. Beneath the hot sand layer,
677
00:52:32,880 --> 00:52:34,880
another creature makes many predators
678
00:52:34,880 --> 00:52:38,200
keep away.
679
00:52:41,359 --> 00:52:43,920
On sand mixed with stone, the horned
680
00:52:43,920 --> 00:52:47,040
lizard almost disappears. Its low body
681
00:52:47,040 --> 00:52:49,680
presses close to the ground. Its skin
682
00:52:49,680 --> 00:52:52,240
blends into sand, gravel, and the
683
00:52:52,240 --> 00:52:54,960
shadows of low plants. If it stays
684
00:52:54,960 --> 00:52:57,440
still, a predator can easily look past
685
00:52:57,440 --> 00:52:59,920
it. The desert gives the horned lizard
686
00:52:59,920 --> 00:53:03,559
its first shield.
687
00:53:17,359 --> 00:53:19,599
But camouflage only works before
688
00:53:19,599 --> 00:53:22,720
discovery. A hunting shadow closes in
689
00:53:22,720 --> 00:53:26,240
from the dry brush. Its flat, slow body
690
00:53:26,240 --> 00:53:29,040
can make an enemy underestimate it. At
691
00:53:29,040 --> 00:53:31,440
first glance, the horned lizard looks
692
00:53:31,440 --> 00:53:33,680
like a small piece of ground covered in
693
00:53:33,680 --> 00:53:39,079
spike. Spines run along the body,
694
00:53:49,200 --> 00:53:52,240
around the head, and down the sides. If
695
00:53:52,240 --> 00:53:54,640
a predator tries to swallow it, those
696
00:53:54,640 --> 00:53:57,280
spines can catch in the throat. Skin
697
00:53:57,280 --> 00:53:59,599
color helps the horned lizard escape the
698
00:53:59,599 --> 00:54:02,000
first look. The ring of spikes keeps
699
00:54:02,000 --> 00:54:04,640
distance when danger gets close. The
700
00:54:04,640 --> 00:54:09,559
real counterattack lies in the eyes.
701
00:54:12,319 --> 00:54:15,119
When cornered, a horned lizard can shoot
702
00:54:15,119 --> 00:54:17,920
blood from the corners of its eyes. The
703
00:54:17,920 --> 00:54:20,720
stream fires out fast, reaching up to
704
00:54:20,720 --> 00:54:24,359
about 5 ft.
705
00:54:28,400 --> 00:54:30,640
A coyote may drop the prey from its
706
00:54:30,640 --> 00:54:33,680
mouth. A fox may also pull back from the
707
00:54:33,680 --> 00:54:36,720
irritation. In that moment, the small
708
00:54:36,720 --> 00:54:39,760
body wins back a chance to live. The
709
00:54:39,760 --> 00:54:42,160
horned lizard only has to make the
710
00:54:42,160 --> 00:54:45,720
attacker hesitate.
711
00:54:52,319 --> 00:54:55,280
In the Sonoran Desert, defense can also
712
00:54:55,280 --> 00:54:58,319
become power. A small body still has a
713
00:54:58,319 --> 00:55:01,200
way to make the larger animal back off.
714
00:55:01,200 --> 00:55:04,480
Spines make every bite painful. The eyes
715
00:55:04,480 --> 00:55:06,640
turn the final second into a counter
716
00:55:06,640 --> 00:55:09,839
strike. The horned lizard does not win
717
00:55:09,839 --> 00:55:13,200
by chasing. Victory lies in staying
718
00:55:13,200 --> 00:55:17,599
still at the right moment. Hide first,
719
00:55:17,599 --> 00:55:21,040
fight back when pressed too close, then
720
00:55:21,040 --> 00:55:24,880
vanish again into sand, gravel, and dry
721
00:55:24,880 --> 00:55:27,880
sun.
722
00:55:36,960 --> 00:55:39,040
The healer monster chooses a slower
723
00:55:39,040 --> 00:55:41,680
road. Heavy feet drag a thick body
724
00:55:41,680 --> 00:55:44,400
across the hot sand. The healer monster
725
00:55:44,400 --> 00:55:47,359
attacks slowly, but once it bites,
726
00:55:47,359 --> 00:55:51,640
distance loses its meaning.
727
00:56:01,839 --> 00:56:04,799
The heila monster is the largest lizard
728
00:56:04,799 --> 00:56:08,000
native to the United States. It is also
729
00:56:08,000 --> 00:56:10,240
one of only two venomous lizards in
730
00:56:10,240 --> 00:56:13,119
North America. Its body usually weighs
731
00:56:13,119 --> 00:56:16,880
about 3 to 5 lbs. Pebbled skin carries
732
00:56:16,880 --> 00:56:21,559
bold patches of orange and black.
733
00:56:33,359 --> 00:56:35,520
That is a warning to anything thinking
734
00:56:35,520 --> 00:56:38,160
of touching it. The healer monster moves
735
00:56:38,160 --> 00:56:40,960
as if time is on its side. Unlike
736
00:56:40,960 --> 00:56:43,599
snakes, its venom glands sit in the
737
00:56:43,599 --> 00:56:46,720
lower jaw. The venom flows into bite
738
00:56:46,720 --> 00:56:49,720
wounds.
739
00:56:59,520 --> 00:57:02,319
To drive venom deeper, the jaws must
740
00:57:02,319 --> 00:57:05,680
hold and chew. Once it bites, the kila
741
00:57:05,680 --> 00:57:08,640
monster is difficult to remove. The jaws
742
00:57:08,640 --> 00:57:12,839
stay locked for many minutes.
743
00:57:24,240 --> 00:57:26,640
Each chewing motion pushes more venom
744
00:57:26,640 --> 00:57:29,599
into the wound. The real threat begins
745
00:57:29,599 --> 00:57:32,559
once the jaws have closed. The thick
746
00:57:32,559 --> 00:57:37,640
tail stores a large supply of fat.
747
00:57:52,880 --> 00:57:55,440
Because of that, one meal can feed the
748
00:57:55,440 --> 00:57:58,640
body for many weeks. At times, a healer
749
00:57:58,640 --> 00:58:01,200
monster may eat up to 1/3 of its body
750
00:58:01,200 --> 00:58:04,079
weight. A slow metabolism helps [music]
751
00:58:04,079 --> 00:58:08,920
each large meal hold its value.
752
00:58:20,319 --> 00:58:23,119
The rest of its life passes in burrows,
753
00:58:23,119 --> 00:58:26,400
under rocks, or inside shade. In the
754
00:58:26,400 --> 00:58:29,680
desert's chain of fear, a slow body can
755
00:58:29,680 --> 00:58:32,480
still force the strong to step back.
756
00:58:32,480 --> 00:58:35,440
Once the jaws close in time, the balance
757
00:58:35,440 --> 00:58:38,440
changes.
758
00:58:50,799 --> 00:58:53,760
Round tracks appear after night. The
759
00:58:53,760 --> 00:58:56,000
mountain lion crosses the Sonoron with
760
00:58:56,000 --> 00:58:58,799
the quietest kind of power. In many
761
00:58:58,799 --> 00:59:01,280
places, the mountain lion is also called
762
00:59:01,280 --> 00:59:04,720
a cougar, pummer, or panther. An adult
763
00:59:04,720 --> 00:59:10,200
male can weigh up to about 220 lbs.
764
00:59:25,839 --> 00:59:28,960
A long body, low shoulders, and soft
765
00:59:28,960 --> 00:59:32,640
steps help it close in without sound.
766
00:59:32,640 --> 00:59:35,200
Amber eyes read small movements in the
767
00:59:35,200 --> 00:59:38,000
dark. A rabbit stops, and the cougar
768
00:59:38,000 --> 00:59:40,880
stops, too. A mule deer lowers its head
769
00:59:40,880 --> 00:59:43,200
into the brush, and the distance begins
770
00:59:43,200 --> 00:59:46,240
to shrink. One leap can turn hours of
771
00:59:46,240 --> 00:59:50,440
tracking into the final moment.
772
01:00:02,400 --> 01:00:04,559
The cougar's breeding season is not
773
01:00:04,559 --> 01:00:07,520
fixed. Male and female meet only for a
774
01:00:07,520 --> 01:00:10,240
short time. After that, each one
775
01:00:10,240 --> 01:00:14,920
disappears back into its own range.
776
01:00:26,000 --> 01:00:30,640
Pregnancy lasts about 82 to 96 days. The
777
01:00:30,640 --> 01:00:33,280
female raises her young alone in a
778
01:00:33,280 --> 01:00:36,720
hidden den or a concealed rock crevice.
779
01:00:36,720 --> 01:00:39,359
The cubs open their eyes into a world
780
01:00:39,359 --> 01:00:42,400
full of risk. On the desert floor, the
781
01:00:42,400 --> 01:00:44,880
desert cottontail raises its young under
782
01:00:44,880 --> 01:00:48,280
similar pressure.
783
01:00:54,480 --> 01:00:57,119
But position in the food chain makes the
784
01:00:57,119 --> 01:00:59,839
difference enormous. The rabbit must
785
01:00:59,839 --> 01:01:02,880
fear almost every moving shadow. The
786
01:01:02,880 --> 01:01:06,319
cougar only has to avoid rare mistakes.
787
01:01:06,319 --> 01:01:09,359
A deer that detects danger early can
788
01:01:09,359 --> 01:01:13,640
make the entire meal vanish.
789
01:01:19,920 --> 01:01:22,240
The cougar lives by patience before it
790
01:01:22,240 --> 01:01:25,119
uses claws. That power sits in the
791
01:01:25,119 --> 01:01:27,920
silence before the charge. The desert
792
01:01:27,920 --> 01:01:30,160
falls quiet again, but the tracks
793
01:01:30,160 --> 01:01:33,040
remain. And those tracks lead toward a
794
01:01:33,040 --> 01:01:36,839
threat beyond nature.55875
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