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In the beginning,
when I was first convicted,
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I felt like Alice
in Wonderland...
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down the rabbit hole
in this strange place
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that doesn't follow any rules
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that I'm used to
or anything like that.
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When I came out,
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I remember I went
to my hairstylist and...
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...I just gave a big sigh
and I said,
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"Okay, you're gonna
be my first experience
10
00:01:05,344 --> 00:01:09,094
with experimenting with how much
I say or don't say
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about where I've been
the past couple years
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and where I've been is,
I was in prison."
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My inclination, I mean,
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you know, here I am
sitting here doing this is,
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you know, I don't mind
people knowing because,
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you know, I'm not guilty
of a crime, so...
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No.
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Derrick, let's go.
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Are you ready to get up?
20
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Good morning.
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Come on. Come on.
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I remember
when they brought Derrick home
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from the hospital.
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And I was just disappointed
like, "I got a baby brother?"
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"I wanted a little sister."
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And then when they brought him
in the house and I saw him,
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there was, like,
an instant connection.
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Everything was fine, you know.
Nothing out of the ordinary.
29
00:04:32,886 --> 00:04:34,511
I just remember
that at a certain point,
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he became very listless,
he didn't move much.
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He wouldn't wake up.
You know, he slept all the time.
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He wasn't doing
what he was supposed to do.
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Like he wasn't sucking,
he wasn't holding his bottle.
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And he couldn't hold his head.
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I would ask the doctor, "Well,
what's wrong with Derrick?"
36
00:04:59,094 --> 00:05:00,386
And he said,
"Oh, you're comparing him
37
00:05:00,469 --> 00:05:03,344
to your older son?
He'll be all right."
38
00:05:03,719 --> 00:05:06,969
And I says, "No,
something's not right."
39
00:05:12,511 --> 00:05:15,303
Early on, Derrick had
a series of seizures.
40
00:05:19,719 --> 00:05:20,802
So then,
they took Derrick,
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they put him in a sound room,
42
00:05:24,177 --> 00:05:27,636
and they would do the lights
for his eyes to follow,
43
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and he just wouldn't react...
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00:05:30,927 --> 00:05:31,802
or couldn't.
45
00:05:32,927 --> 00:05:36,303
And that's when they told me
that he has cerebral palsy.
46
00:05:37,179 --> 00:05:41,094
Mm-hmm. And he would never,
you know, be able to...
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do as normal children would do.
48
00:05:48,719 --> 00:05:50,344
Derrick visited
a few psychologists,
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they deemed him,
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00:05:51,636 --> 00:05:53,677
as the term they used,
"mentally retarded."
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Non-verbal with cerebral palsy.
52
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You know, then not knowing
what the heck that meant,
53
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it just meant that Derrick
can't walk, Derrick can't talk.
54
00:06:02,177 --> 00:06:04,802
Yes. It's all gone.
55
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It's all gone, you're done.
56
00:06:13,052 --> 00:06:17,344
You're done. Mm-hmm. Okay.
57
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Take your hand off your ears.
What you want?
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What's the problem? Hmm?
59
00:06:43,052 --> 00:06:44,052
Okay.
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00:07:10,719 --> 00:07:11,886
You know the routine.
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00:07:14,052 --> 00:07:17,219
One finger, what's that?
You signing me?
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00:07:33,553 --> 00:07:36,094
Eventually,
the seizures started to subside,
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but what his cognitive level
was,
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00:07:39,179 --> 00:07:41,595
I didn't have a way
of assessing that.
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00:07:42,969 --> 00:07:45,136
I know that he was listless
for a point in time,
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00:07:45,177 --> 00:07:47,303
and then all of a sudden, there
was an awakening of sorts...
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where he was in the world.
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00:07:56,553 --> 00:07:58,261
Whenever we would
lock eyes, like,
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00:07:58,344 --> 00:08:02,011
there was recognition there.
I just began to see Derrick,
70
00:08:02,219 --> 00:08:04,677
you know,
develop his own personality
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and kind of come into his own.
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Oh, they were inseparable.
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Derrick would come home
after school,
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John would run home,
meet Derrick bus,
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get Derrick in the house,
call me, "Ma, we in the house."
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00:08:19,177 --> 00:08:20,969
At a certain point,
I just threw him on my back.
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00:08:21,344 --> 00:08:23,927
Play together,
get into mischief together,
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00:08:24,094 --> 00:08:26,179
you know, wherever I go,
Derrick has to go.
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00:08:31,886 --> 00:08:35,386
Derrick's a character.
You know, he loves to give hugs.
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00:08:35,802 --> 00:08:37,886
He just loves to smile a lot,
you know.
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00:08:38,052 --> 00:08:39,386
You know when he's happy.
82
00:08:40,802 --> 00:08:43,094
He used to do-- We call it
"The Stevie Wonder dance."
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00:08:43,428 --> 00:08:45,386
You know, when Stevie Wonder
is playing on the piano
84
00:08:45,469 --> 00:08:46,469
and really,
he's feeling the music,
85
00:08:46,553 --> 00:08:48,177
and his head would sway
side-to-side,
86
00:08:48,261 --> 00:08:50,428
and so Derrick would do that
from time to time too.
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00:08:50,511 --> 00:08:52,219
Especially in church
when he is like
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00:08:52,344 --> 00:08:54,844
really feeling the music,
he...
89
00:09:00,886 --> 00:09:02,635
Sometimes, he's self-abusive.
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00:09:02,719 --> 00:09:05,303
We can be somewhere
and then all of a sudden...
91
00:09:05,386 --> 00:09:06,677
...he'd put
his hand in his mouth
92
00:09:06,760 --> 00:09:08,802
and start banging his head
and his knee.
93
00:09:08,886 --> 00:09:11,303
And I don't know why.
Maybe he's frustrated,
94
00:09:12,344 --> 00:09:13,927
but he can't communicate.
95
00:09:14,760 --> 00:09:17,177
"So what is going on
in your head, Derrick?"
96
00:09:17,261 --> 00:09:18,386
Like, I really...
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To me,
that was the great mystery.
98
00:09:41,927 --> 00:09:43,052
Camera's rolling.
99
00:09:43,136 --> 00:09:44,219
Okay, everything's fine.
100
00:09:45,927 --> 00:09:48,886
Tell me the story
of how you met.
101
00:09:52,595 --> 00:09:56,802
I'm pretty sure,
or at least I'm hopeful
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00:09:56,886 --> 00:10:01,677
that I haven't been rewriting
things in my head.
103
00:10:01,760 --> 00:10:04,511
I don't-- Didn't wanna do that.
104
00:10:04,595 --> 00:10:07,011
Like, you know,
I see how easily it can happen.
105
00:10:15,635 --> 00:10:18,052
Our next speaker
is Anna Stubblefield.
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00:10:18,344 --> 00:10:21,927
The Director of the Philosophy
Department at Rutgers.
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00:10:22,511 --> 00:10:25,261
Thanks, David.
Is that one working? This one?
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00:10:25,760 --> 00:10:28,261
How's this one?
Ah. That's better. Okay.
109
00:10:29,136 --> 00:10:30,261
I was teaching
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00:10:30,344 --> 00:10:32,886
in the American Studies
doctoral program
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at Rutgers, Newark.
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00:10:34,094 --> 00:10:37,469
Race, class, gender,
and sexual orientation,
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and disability
are inextricably intertwined,
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00:10:41,011 --> 00:10:44,469
such that none
of these concepts would exist
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as it does without the others.
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And John was one of my students.
117
00:10:51,635 --> 00:10:53,844
When I was doing
my PhD at Rutgers...
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00:10:55,553 --> 00:10:56,927
When a person
cannot understand...
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00:10:57,011 --> 00:11:00,094
...Anna Stubblefield
was a philosopher of race.
120
00:11:01,052 --> 00:11:03,886
And also had a class
about disability studies.
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00:11:04,760 --> 00:11:07,927
Alongside theorizing
about disability and ethics,
122
00:11:08,303 --> 00:11:09,677
I also provide support
123
00:11:09,760 --> 00:11:12,303
to people labeled
with developmental disabilities.
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00:11:12,886 --> 00:11:15,553
I work with people
who cannot communicate vocally,
125
00:11:16,052 --> 00:11:18,635
to provide them with access
to alternative forms
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00:11:18,719 --> 00:11:20,760
of verbal expression
and to literacy.
127
00:11:21,052 --> 00:11:23,469
You know, while I grew up
with a disabled brother,
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00:11:23,553 --> 00:11:25,428
I was not familiar
with disability studies,
129
00:11:25,595 --> 00:11:28,469
and I think as an instructor,
she was great.
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00:11:28,969 --> 00:11:31,177
And as a scholar,
she was great as well.
131
00:11:34,136 --> 00:11:38,386
The course was looking
at the notion
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of intelligence as a concept.
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00:11:43,052 --> 00:11:46,094
For example, the notion
that if somebody can't speak,
134
00:11:46,179 --> 00:11:47,802
it must be
because they're too stupid
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00:11:47,886 --> 00:11:49,177
and there's just
nothing in their head.
136
00:11:49,469 --> 00:11:52,927
That just doesn't--
It's not the case.
137
00:11:53,219 --> 00:11:54,595
It's not the case.
138
00:11:54,760 --> 00:11:58,344
Lacking speech doesn't mean that
you don't have anything to say.
139
00:11:58,428 --> 00:12:00,303
It doesn't mean
that you can't use language...
140
00:12:00,927 --> 00:12:03,595
if somebody can just get you
access to a way to do it.
141
00:12:06,094 --> 00:12:08,179
Can you describe
what your world was like
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00:12:08,219 --> 00:12:10,511
before you were able
to communicate?
143
00:12:14,927 --> 00:12:16,802
Can you describe that for me?
144
00:12:20,719 --> 00:12:23,219
Somewhere along the course,
we ended up watching this video.
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Sue-- Okay.
146
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The person that
was in the video had autism.
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00:12:27,927 --> 00:12:29,136
I wanna go to grandma.
148
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You wanna go to grandma's?
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Wanna go to grandma.
150
00:12:31,635 --> 00:12:33,177
Yeah, grandma
is gonna come here.
151
00:12:33,261 --> 00:12:36,927
Sue Rubin, she's somebody
who's perceived by her parents
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and everybody as severely
intellectually impaired
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and just not there.
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-Yeah.
-Yeah.
155
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But then she's given access
to a way to communicate.
156
00:12:49,428 --> 00:12:50,553
When I was 13,
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my mother said
that she had seen someone
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start to communicate
using a keyboard in support.
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It's called
"facilitated communication."
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As I began to type,
my mind began to wake up.
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Bye-bye.
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00:13:06,428 --> 00:13:07,719
The person
that was in the video
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used a keyboard...
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00:13:09,844 --> 00:13:11,760
...and eventually, became
proficient enough to communicate
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the complexities of her life.
166
00:13:15,303 --> 00:13:17,177
She was able
to do college-level work
167
00:13:17,261 --> 00:13:19,511
and she graduated
with a dual major,
168
00:13:19,677 --> 00:13:22,303
et cetera, et cetera.
And this was her story.
169
00:13:23,635 --> 00:13:26,553
"I think I was lost..." W-A...
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"In some way. I acted
like my worst nightmare."
171
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Y-E... Yes.
172
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At that time,
I never heard anything
173
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about this facilitated
communication.
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00:13:46,677 --> 00:13:49,595
After that class, John,
he said,
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00:13:49,719 --> 00:13:53,595
"This woman in this film
reminds me a lot of my brother."
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"How she moves, how she looks,
and then I see her typing
177
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and she's going to college,
178
00:13:59,595 --> 00:14:02,303
and we've always been told
that my brother,
179
00:14:02,386 --> 00:14:04,428
you know, basically,
he should be institutionalized,
180
00:14:04,511 --> 00:14:06,428
but we've always felt
181
00:14:06,595 --> 00:14:09,760
that maybe there's something
more going on there."
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00:14:10,635 --> 00:14:12,760
We recognized
that Derrick had a disability,
183
00:14:13,386 --> 00:14:15,386
but we never thought
that he was incapable
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of doing any number of things.
185
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I always knew that
there was something there.
186
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Like, right on cue,
187
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at certain points,
Derrick would say, "Ah, ah, ah."
188
00:14:26,303 --> 00:14:28,011
You know,
Derrick was paying attention.
189
00:14:28,094 --> 00:14:30,303
Derrick wanted to weigh in
on this discussion.
190
00:14:31,844 --> 00:14:33,052
When we would go
to get haircuts,
191
00:14:33,136 --> 00:14:34,927
I would sit there
and read the daily news,
192
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and Derrick would be sitting
next to me,
193
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and so every so often,
194
00:14:38,428 --> 00:14:39,844
Derrick would look
over my shoulder,
195
00:14:40,094 --> 00:14:42,635
and look in the newspaper, and--
196
00:14:42,886 --> 00:14:44,677
Was it a mimicking behavior?
Maybe.
197
00:14:45,595 --> 00:14:50,052
But he has this way of appearing
to be absorbing information.
198
00:14:50,511 --> 00:14:54,261
And so, there were dozens
of these kinds of moments
199
00:14:54,344 --> 00:14:55,677
through our lifetime.
200
00:14:58,802 --> 00:15:00,469
I love my brother to death,
201
00:15:00,677 --> 00:15:04,802
and I always want nothing
but the best for him.
202
00:15:04,927 --> 00:15:07,469
And so I asked her,
203
00:15:07,594 --> 00:15:10,594
"I'd love to hear more about
facilitated communication."
204
00:15:10,969 --> 00:15:12,136
"Who can I talk to?"
205
00:15:14,553 --> 00:15:15,802
I told them
the nearest place
206
00:15:15,886 --> 00:15:17,011
on the East Coast
207
00:15:17,179 --> 00:15:19,511
where there's support
for facilitated communication
208
00:15:19,635 --> 00:15:23,594
is Syracuse University,
but it's gonna be too expensive.
209
00:15:24,261 --> 00:15:27,927
So I said to John,
"If you wanted,
210
00:15:28,261 --> 00:15:32,261
I could at least just, kind of,
do some initial stuff,
211
00:15:32,344 --> 00:15:33,802
kind of see if it's working."
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00:15:43,553 --> 00:15:45,886
She was Ms. Anna.
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00:15:46,553 --> 00:15:48,469
You know,
she could do great things.
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00:15:48,844 --> 00:15:51,386
She was gonna
move mountains and...
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00:15:52,219 --> 00:15:55,969
I... accepted her at her word.
216
00:18:29,760 --> 00:18:33,303
When I was a child,
I came from an unusual family.
217
00:18:34,011 --> 00:18:36,011
My mom did work with people
218
00:18:36,094 --> 00:18:38,179
with a range
of physical disabilities,
219
00:18:38,219 --> 00:18:39,927
people
with intellectual disabilities
220
00:18:40,011 --> 00:18:40,927
who came to the house.
221
00:18:41,677 --> 00:18:43,719
My mom had a T-shirt
with a slogan,
222
00:18:43,886 --> 00:18:46,177
"Labels are for jars,
not people."
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00:18:47,094 --> 00:18:52,177
I found disability interesting
because of that exposure.
224
00:18:52,344 --> 00:18:55,719
And so I got my dad to,
225
00:18:55,802 --> 00:18:57,344
you know,
build me a pair of crutches
226
00:18:57,428 --> 00:18:59,719
so I can, you know,
pretend to be post-polio
227
00:18:59,886 --> 00:19:02,261
or have cerebral palsy
or something like that.
228
00:19:02,428 --> 00:19:03,969
I'd, you know,
tie a blindfold on
229
00:19:04,052 --> 00:19:05,760
and spend all afternoon.
230
00:19:06,969 --> 00:19:08,303
During her elementary years,
231
00:19:08,428 --> 00:19:10,886
I taught her
how to write braille.
232
00:19:12,136 --> 00:19:14,386
At her request,
I got her a blind pen pal.
233
00:19:15,386 --> 00:19:17,469
She was interested
in sign language,
234
00:19:17,677 --> 00:19:19,886
and I think she may have
learned some of that.
235
00:19:20,177 --> 00:19:23,511
I was fascinated
by the way in which, you know,
236
00:19:23,594 --> 00:19:27,511
it's not really the impairment,
it's the environment
237
00:19:28,011 --> 00:19:30,511
that creates impairments
for people.
238
00:19:31,469 --> 00:19:34,719
Growing up, I got that message
very powerfully,
239
00:19:34,844 --> 00:19:36,927
how, in our society,
it's like we want everybody
240
00:19:37,011 --> 00:19:38,927
to walk through
the same sized door,
241
00:19:39,219 --> 00:19:40,760
and if you don't fit
in that door,
242
00:19:40,844 --> 00:19:42,179
there's something
wrong with you,
243
00:19:42,219 --> 00:19:44,469
and that doesn't have
to be that way.
244
00:19:47,802 --> 00:19:51,386
Welcome to the 1993 conference
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00:19:51,469 --> 00:19:54,177
on facilitated communication
in Syracuse,
246
00:19:54,261 --> 00:19:57,969
sponsored by the Facilitated
Communication Institute
247
00:19:58,052 --> 00:19:59,553
at Syracuse University.
248
00:20:00,760 --> 00:20:03,802
I learned about
facilitated communication
249
00:20:04,011 --> 00:20:06,469
in December of 1990
at a conference.
250
00:20:09,052 --> 00:20:11,303
Rosemary Crossley reported
251
00:20:11,386 --> 00:20:14,219
on the work
she'd done in Australia.
252
00:20:16,760 --> 00:20:21,094
I had done some work
with a girl named Anne McDonald
253
00:20:21,179 --> 00:20:24,344
who had athetoid cerebral palsy.
254
00:20:24,469 --> 00:20:28,094
Couldn't move her hands.
Couldn't speak.
255
00:20:28,594 --> 00:20:29,594
There was nothing.
256
00:20:30,594 --> 00:20:32,886
We had a spelling board,
257
00:20:32,969 --> 00:20:35,511
but because she had
cerebral palsy,
258
00:20:35,886 --> 00:20:38,261
her hands would move so much
259
00:20:38,428 --> 00:20:41,303
that she couldn't actually
hit a target.
260
00:20:42,011 --> 00:20:46,261
I tried, what would happen
if I supported her...
261
00:20:47,511 --> 00:20:49,802
under her upper arm,
262
00:20:49,886 --> 00:20:53,553
she could then move
from the elbow
263
00:20:53,844 --> 00:20:59,177
and do better
in selecting items.
264
00:21:01,052 --> 00:21:04,094
And it turned out
that she could spell.
265
00:21:05,303 --> 00:21:09,760
She was very smart.
We gave her the page turner,
266
00:21:10,177 --> 00:21:12,886
so that every time
she hit a button,
267
00:21:12,969 --> 00:21:14,177
the page would turn.
268
00:21:14,719 --> 00:21:18,303
And suddenly,
she could read books.
269
00:21:19,927 --> 00:21:22,344
As soon as I heard
their presentation,
270
00:21:22,428 --> 00:21:24,052
I knew that's what I needed.
271
00:21:25,011 --> 00:21:26,886
This is how to help
all these kids
272
00:21:27,179 --> 00:21:28,511
who I used to work with.
273
00:21:35,428 --> 00:21:36,844
My mother
was one of the first people
274
00:21:36,927 --> 00:21:39,136
in the country who started
doing training workshops
275
00:21:39,261 --> 00:21:41,094
in facilitated communication.
276
00:21:43,179 --> 00:21:45,136
When she came back
and started using it,
277
00:21:45,303 --> 00:21:47,261
she was videotaping everybody,
278
00:21:47,469 --> 00:21:49,594
and I ended up being the one
who ran the camera,
279
00:21:49,677 --> 00:21:52,428
so I was there
when she first started using it.
280
00:21:52,511 --> 00:21:55,052
I was part of that moment.
281
00:21:59,011 --> 00:22:01,303
To see people for the first time
282
00:22:01,428 --> 00:22:06,428
be able to type out something...
Being part of that was,
283
00:22:06,594 --> 00:22:08,886
you know...
...was amazing.
284
00:22:09,011 --> 00:22:11,303
We find that once we open
this world for the kids,
285
00:22:11,386 --> 00:22:14,052
they are social now,
they are appropriate,
286
00:22:14,136 --> 00:22:16,219
they do have language,
they do understand.
287
00:22:16,428 --> 00:22:17,969
I couldn't believe
what I was seeing.
288
00:22:18,052 --> 00:22:21,344
Cherise has typed 120 poems,
nine short stories.
289
00:22:21,428 --> 00:22:23,219
She talks about
everything she feels.
290
00:22:25,179 --> 00:22:29,261
We understood
that people knew
291
00:22:29,344 --> 00:22:32,219
what it was they wanted
to communicate.
292
00:22:32,760 --> 00:22:36,261
And we needed to just provide
some means
293
00:22:36,344 --> 00:22:38,802
to make that possible,
physically.
294
00:22:48,844 --> 00:22:50,177
When I met Derrick,
295
00:22:50,760 --> 00:22:52,969
I'd been told
he had cerebral palsy
296
00:22:53,052 --> 00:22:54,969
and that was all.
297
00:22:56,219 --> 00:22:58,802
He walks. He needs
to hold on to somebody's arm.
298
00:22:58,886 --> 00:23:00,052
Have a little support.
299
00:23:01,552 --> 00:23:05,179
He can focus his gaze,
but his eyes kind of go off,
300
00:23:05,219 --> 00:23:06,386
his head turns.
301
00:23:07,052 --> 00:23:08,844
If you're not used to that,
302
00:23:08,927 --> 00:23:13,428
we see that as signs
of lack of intelligence.
303
00:23:13,511 --> 00:23:15,428
I've seen enough people
like that in my life
304
00:23:15,511 --> 00:23:17,428
to know that
that's simply not true.
305
00:23:17,511 --> 00:23:20,719
So, I don't register things
that way.
306
00:23:23,552 --> 00:23:26,344
So, I had just cut out
some pictures from magazines
307
00:23:26,428 --> 00:23:28,177
or drawn some pictures.
308
00:23:28,802 --> 00:23:30,177
John and Daisy
are in the room watching,
309
00:23:30,261 --> 00:23:32,344
and I said to Derrick,
310
00:23:33,052 --> 00:23:34,927
"You know,
I'm gonna ask you some questions
311
00:23:35,052 --> 00:23:38,719
and I'm not asking them
because I don't think
312
00:23:38,802 --> 00:23:40,179
you're smart enough
or anything."
313
00:23:40,219 --> 00:23:41,844
"I just wanna see what happens
314
00:23:41,927 --> 00:23:43,219
when you try
to point to something."
315
00:23:46,303 --> 00:23:50,386
So I watched and he would
kind of start moving his arm.
316
00:23:50,511 --> 00:23:51,802
It would go a little ways,
317
00:23:51,927 --> 00:23:54,136
and then he had this kind
of muscle jerk reaction,
318
00:23:54,177 --> 00:23:55,969
which turned out
to be very typical.
319
00:23:56,594 --> 00:23:58,969
You can see how hard he works
320
00:23:59,303 --> 00:24:03,303
to try to have the least little
bit of control over his arm
321
00:24:03,511 --> 00:24:05,011
and it's slow.
322
00:24:06,677 --> 00:24:08,386
If you've got cerebral palsy,
323
00:24:08,469 --> 00:24:10,594
you might be able
to get your hand
324
00:24:10,677 --> 00:24:13,635
to something you're pointing at,
but it might take you a minute.
325
00:24:13,844 --> 00:24:15,594
How do you have
a conversation like that?
326
00:24:17,969 --> 00:24:21,469
So I had started with just
a little support on his elbow
327
00:24:21,552 --> 00:24:23,886
and that was it initially,
that freed him up enough,
328
00:24:24,052 --> 00:24:26,261
and then he could select
which picture he wanted.
329
00:24:31,969 --> 00:24:33,011
So, so far so good.
330
00:24:35,303 --> 00:24:37,760
Then, I said,
"Now what I wanted to do is
331
00:24:37,844 --> 00:24:40,179
see where you're at
with literacy."
332
00:24:40,844 --> 00:24:43,177
So, I had cards
that just had letters on them.
333
00:24:43,677 --> 00:24:48,261
Kind of like doing Boggles.
So you have A, B, C, and T.
334
00:24:48,344 --> 00:24:50,760
You can spell cat,
you can spell bat.
335
00:24:51,177 --> 00:24:54,886
And when I asked him to spell
as many words as he could
336
00:24:55,177 --> 00:24:56,969
using these four letters,
337
00:24:57,052 --> 00:24:59,927
he made a very good
showing with that.
338
00:25:01,969 --> 00:25:04,469
But it's one thing
to reach your whole hand
339
00:25:04,552 --> 00:25:06,719
toward a very large target.
340
00:25:07,177 --> 00:25:12,179
It's an entirely different thing
to get one finger pushing a key.
341
00:25:13,136 --> 00:25:16,179
So I had this small,
342
00:25:16,219 --> 00:25:17,719
very light-weight
portable keyboard
343
00:25:17,927 --> 00:25:20,802
with a small LED display
called the Neo.
344
00:25:21,469 --> 00:25:25,844
I ended up where I was keeping
his fingers folded down
345
00:25:25,927 --> 00:25:28,219
so that his index finger
was isolated.
346
00:25:30,219 --> 00:25:35,344
And the first thing I asked him
to do was point to the letter H,
347
00:25:35,428 --> 00:25:36,594
the letter T.
348
00:25:36,844 --> 00:25:41,303
And he started making mistakes.
So, he mixed up the A and the H.
349
00:25:41,469 --> 00:25:45,594
And he mixed up the T and the F
and the U and the V.
350
00:25:46,303 --> 00:25:49,136
What I realized
was that the alphabetical order
351
00:25:49,344 --> 00:25:50,927
or letter board
that I had set up
352
00:25:51,011 --> 00:25:52,344
were all lowercase letters
353
00:25:52,428 --> 00:25:56,177
and on the Neo,
it's capital letters and so,
354
00:25:56,261 --> 00:25:57,635
the difference
between the A and the H
355
00:25:57,719 --> 00:25:59,969
was one little line
across the top of the A,
356
00:26:00,052 --> 00:26:01,177
that sort of thing.
357
00:26:01,886 --> 00:26:03,386
When he was making
those mistakes,
358
00:26:03,469 --> 00:26:04,927
I just said,
"No. No, you're wrong."
359
00:26:05,011 --> 00:26:06,844
You know, "I asked for the A,
you hit the H."
360
00:26:06,927 --> 00:26:08,179
"Here's the A here."
361
00:26:08,219 --> 00:26:09,635
And then I went through
some other letters,
362
00:26:09,719 --> 00:26:10,969
and then I would go back.
363
00:26:11,052 --> 00:26:12,886
He didn't make
the same mistake twice.
364
00:26:15,677 --> 00:26:20,177
So he was a really fast learner.
Tell him once, he's got it.
365
00:26:23,802 --> 00:26:25,344
It was, like,
366
00:26:26,052 --> 00:26:28,219
the porch lights went on,
and I was like,
367
00:26:28,303 --> 00:26:29,635
"Wow, is he doing it?"
368
00:26:30,635 --> 00:26:33,927
And I felt
very excited about it.
369
00:26:36,219 --> 00:26:39,844
She said, "Don't forget,
you're traveling with him."
370
00:26:40,179 --> 00:26:42,469
"You're taking him places."
371
00:26:43,552 --> 00:26:47,552
"And when you're taking him,
he's reading the signs."
372
00:26:47,969 --> 00:26:50,511
And, you know, I'm Mama.
373
00:26:52,094 --> 00:26:54,094
Tell me what my sons can do.
374
00:26:58,179 --> 00:26:59,011
I was elated.
375
00:26:59,094 --> 00:27:02,344
I mean, I always knew that
there was something there.
376
00:27:02,844 --> 00:27:04,719
And so in a way,
377
00:27:04,802 --> 00:27:07,386
it somewhat confirmed
what I'd already knew.
378
00:27:08,511 --> 00:27:09,802
And the school that he attended,
379
00:27:09,886 --> 00:27:11,844
the Essex County
Day Training Program,
380
00:27:12,177 --> 00:27:14,677
they had did
some remarkable things with him.
381
00:27:16,469 --> 00:27:18,469
They were able to get him
to the point where he can,
382
00:27:18,552 --> 00:27:19,969
you know, walk on his own.
383
00:27:21,136 --> 00:27:24,344
But there was this question
of intellectual capacity.
384
00:27:24,594 --> 00:27:27,760
And so, to have this revelation
385
00:27:27,927 --> 00:27:29,219
that Derrick can do
these things,
386
00:27:29,303 --> 00:27:31,094
it was just like, "Wow."
387
00:27:31,802 --> 00:27:33,927
I knew it was there.
I'm just happy for him.
388
00:27:48,719 --> 00:27:50,635
You know, he's... You know...
389
00:27:51,927 --> 00:27:52,927
Okay.
390
00:27:59,094 --> 00:28:00,760
One day,
when Derrick came
391
00:28:00,844 --> 00:28:02,844
and I just asked him,
you know, "Did you do anything
392
00:28:02,927 --> 00:28:06,886
particularly interesting
this week?" And he typed "GM."
393
00:28:08,052 --> 00:28:11,052
His spelling was very,
very creative in the beginning.
394
00:28:11,428 --> 00:28:14,469
And I said, "Hmm, you know,
did you play a game?"
395
00:28:14,552 --> 00:28:15,969
"Was this some kind of game?"
"No."
396
00:28:16,886 --> 00:28:22,344
"Gym. You go to the gym?" "Yes."
And then Daisy popped in with a,
397
00:28:22,428 --> 00:28:25,552
"Oh, yeah, his Day Program
had gone to a health club
398
00:28:25,635 --> 00:28:28,844
and he had walked on a treadmill
and he really enjoyed that."
399
00:28:30,386 --> 00:28:34,052
At that point, Daisy had stepped
outside the room.
400
00:28:34,760 --> 00:28:36,386
And I said, "You know what,
it's occurring to me
401
00:28:36,469 --> 00:28:39,719
that I never actually asked you
what you like to be called."
402
00:28:39,802 --> 00:28:41,344
"Your brother told me
your name was Derrick,
403
00:28:41,428 --> 00:28:43,219
and you came in, and I've been
calling you Derrick."
404
00:28:43,802 --> 00:28:46,136
"Tell me, what do you
want me to call you?"
405
00:28:48,344 --> 00:28:51,886
And he typed D-M-A-N.
406
00:28:53,635 --> 00:28:55,052
And I was looking at that
407
00:28:55,219 --> 00:28:57,469
and it didn't look like
any name that I recognized.
408
00:28:58,428 --> 00:29:01,428
Daisy came back in the room
at that point and I said,
409
00:29:01,511 --> 00:29:06,303
"He typed D-M-A-N.
Does that mean anything to you?"
410
00:29:06,802 --> 00:29:09,886
She said, "Oh,
he had this really great teacher
411
00:29:09,969 --> 00:29:11,760
back when he was about
13 years old."
412
00:29:11,927 --> 00:29:13,969
"He used to call him D-Man."
"That was the teacher
413
00:29:14,052 --> 00:29:15,886
who got him
out of the wheelchair
414
00:29:15,969 --> 00:29:17,303
and got him walking."
415
00:29:17,844 --> 00:29:20,760
So I said, "Is she right?"
Then he said, "Yes."
416
00:29:22,219 --> 00:29:24,927
So, I called him DMan
from there.
417
00:29:26,802 --> 00:29:28,635
That was a really
important moment,
418
00:29:29,344 --> 00:29:32,760
being able to tell people
what you wanna be called
419
00:29:32,844 --> 00:29:36,428
is this important
emotional aspect of life
420
00:29:36,511 --> 00:29:39,760
that we take away from people
when they can't speak.
421
00:29:59,719 --> 00:30:02,136
DMan and I saw each other
several hours a week.
422
00:30:03,386 --> 00:30:05,927
And over the course
of the year as he speeded up,
423
00:30:06,011 --> 00:30:07,510
as his spelling got
a little better...
424
00:30:08,844 --> 00:30:11,136
it went
from a couple-word answers...
425
00:30:13,011 --> 00:30:14,969
to five-word answers...
426
00:30:16,844 --> 00:30:19,179
to a whole sentence,
to a couple of sentences.
427
00:30:21,927 --> 00:30:23,177
So by the end of a year,
428
00:30:23,261 --> 00:30:26,469
we could really have
a decent conversation.
429
00:30:28,094 --> 00:30:30,136
And he could
then be more expressive
430
00:30:30,177 --> 00:30:32,886
and more detailed
about what he had to say
431
00:30:32,969 --> 00:30:35,844
and that was real progress.
That's huge.
432
00:30:42,136 --> 00:30:43,177
I didn't really feel like
433
00:30:43,261 --> 00:30:45,052
I was getting
to know him as a person
434
00:30:45,136 --> 00:30:47,428
until he got to that stage.
435
00:30:57,177 --> 00:30:59,177
Somewhat early on,
Anna had started saying
436
00:30:59,261 --> 00:31:02,677
Derrick had the intellectual
capacity to do high-level work,
437
00:31:02,760 --> 00:31:04,886
and to put sentences together,
438
00:31:04,969 --> 00:31:06,510
and do all
these different things.
439
00:31:06,969 --> 00:31:08,386
I was like,
"Whoa, this is great."
440
00:31:09,052 --> 00:31:11,552
She told us, "Because Derrick
was hanging around you all
441
00:31:11,635 --> 00:31:14,386
for so long, and listened
to your conversations,
442
00:31:14,469 --> 00:31:18,177
and you went to movies,
and you would watch TV,
443
00:31:18,261 --> 00:31:21,052
and so he's absorbing
all of these things,
444
00:31:21,136 --> 00:31:23,552
and so that's how he built
his body of knowledge." And...
445
00:31:24,219 --> 00:31:26,760
And without, you know,
going through a peer reviewed...
446
00:31:26,844 --> 00:31:29,219
...assessment
of those assertions.
447
00:31:29,303 --> 00:31:30,802
I was like, "Okay.
I'll buy that. Cool."
448
00:31:37,635 --> 00:31:40,261
One of the things
that really bothered him
449
00:31:40,344 --> 00:31:42,552
was that he hadn't had
the opportunity
450
00:31:42,635 --> 00:31:45,635
to get a formal education
of any sort.
451
00:31:45,719 --> 00:31:47,886
His brother was getting
a doctoral degree.
452
00:31:47,969 --> 00:31:50,760
So, he had watched his brother
and the whole process
453
00:31:50,844 --> 00:31:54,594
and he really, really, really
wanted to have that also.
454
00:31:56,344 --> 00:31:59,261
So there was a course being
offered on Saturday mornings
455
00:31:59,344 --> 00:32:00,510
at Rutgers Newark.
456
00:32:00,594 --> 00:32:02,677
It was an African American
literature course.
457
00:32:02,802 --> 00:32:04,969
And that looked
really interesting to him.
458
00:32:14,136 --> 00:32:15,136
I guess the idea
459
00:32:15,177 --> 00:32:17,303
was for Derrick
to go to a class,
460
00:32:17,386 --> 00:32:19,219
possibly write papers,
or at least,
461
00:32:19,303 --> 00:32:21,844
be able to show the work
that may put him in line
462
00:32:21,927 --> 00:32:23,844
to then go and pursue a BA.
463
00:32:24,594 --> 00:32:27,719
I was getting towards the end
of my PhD program. And so,
464
00:32:28,052 --> 00:32:30,844
you know, this kind of thing,
you know, Black scholar.
465
00:32:30,927 --> 00:32:32,219
My baby brother was developing--
466
00:32:32,303 --> 00:32:34,386
Said he was gonna be a Black--
Could be a Black scholar.
467
00:32:34,469 --> 00:32:36,094
I felt great.
468
00:32:39,261 --> 00:32:41,469
I sat
in the class with him
469
00:32:41,552 --> 00:32:44,219
and provided
communication support for class.
470
00:32:55,760 --> 00:32:57,552
We ended up
finding him a student
471
00:32:57,719 --> 00:33:00,635
who would facilitate DMan
for doing part of the homework.
472
00:33:00,844 --> 00:33:02,552
Her name was Sheronda Jones.
473
00:33:02,635 --> 00:33:04,802
Sheronda met with him
outside of class
474
00:33:04,886 --> 00:33:07,261
for several hours a week,
so he could read the book
475
00:33:07,344 --> 00:33:10,219
and then at least take a crack
at writing the essay.
476
00:33:10,969 --> 00:33:14,052
She had never taken this class.
She never read the books.
477
00:33:14,219 --> 00:33:15,927
She just provided the support.
478
00:33:31,844 --> 00:33:33,510
He wasn't doing
400-level writing.
479
00:33:34,386 --> 00:33:37,469
But he was correctly identifying
characters and plot elements.
480
00:33:37,552 --> 00:33:39,886
He clearly had read the book
and understood the book.
481
00:33:57,760 --> 00:34:00,179
From 1619, when 20 of us
482
00:34:00,219 --> 00:34:01,802
were sold by a Dutch ship...
483
00:34:02,386 --> 00:34:05,094
One day in class,
the professor started it out
484
00:34:05,179 --> 00:34:10,303
by showing a film
on the entire African diaspora.
485
00:34:12,635 --> 00:34:15,261
And DMan wrote something.
486
00:34:18,219 --> 00:34:21,011
He wasn't expressing
himself as articulately
487
00:34:21,094 --> 00:34:23,094
as I knew he was capable of.
488
00:34:23,219 --> 00:34:25,386
And I was typing back to him
because we were in class.
489
00:34:25,469 --> 00:34:27,011
So I typed back.
490
00:34:27,177 --> 00:34:28,969
I mean,
what if he said it this way,
491
00:34:29,052 --> 00:34:30,886
wouldn't this be better?
492
00:34:32,594 --> 00:34:35,469
And he typed,
"I know what you're saying
493
00:34:35,552 --> 00:34:37,303
but just read it
the way I wrote it."
494
00:34:37,428 --> 00:34:38,802
And I said, "Okay. Fair enough."
495
00:34:38,886 --> 00:34:40,969
And then we got called on
right at that point.
496
00:34:42,344 --> 00:34:43,552
I couldn't resist.
497
00:34:43,635 --> 00:34:46,802
I was sort of editing slightly
as I read,
498
00:34:46,886 --> 00:34:48,969
which all it did
was make it worse.
499
00:34:49,760 --> 00:34:50,886
Screwed up the whole thing.
500
00:34:51,219 --> 00:34:54,635
But I got to the end
and the discussion went on.
501
00:34:55,303 --> 00:34:56,344
He typed,
502
00:34:57,177 --> 00:35:01,719
"Never ever, ever,
ever, ever, ever do that again."
503
00:35:02,844 --> 00:35:07,886
I can tell DMan mad.
This was DMan furious.
504
00:35:08,510 --> 00:35:10,886
And I typed back,
"I'm so sorry."
505
00:35:11,094 --> 00:35:14,303
And he said, "I'm not mad,
but don't ever do that again."
506
00:35:14,677 --> 00:35:18,219
Because, you know, I did speak
for him and that was wrong.
507
00:35:19,219 --> 00:35:20,136
Needless to say,
508
00:35:20,177 --> 00:35:23,344
I never did it before,
and I never did it since.
509
00:35:23,635 --> 00:35:25,594
But he was pissed.
510
00:37:12,552 --> 00:37:15,261
About a year
after DMan started typing,
511
00:37:15,386 --> 00:37:19,179
my mother was organizing
this panel with other FC users
512
00:37:19,303 --> 00:37:22,261
for the Society for Disabilities
Studies Conference,
513
00:37:22,635 --> 00:37:25,179
and she asked if he wanted
to be part of the panel.
514
00:37:27,886 --> 00:37:31,052
I like to arrange at conferences
515
00:37:31,386 --> 00:37:36,179
that people with disabilities
can actually do some presenting.
516
00:37:39,510 --> 00:37:40,677
What I had noticed was that
517
00:37:40,760 --> 00:37:42,844
in terms of the FC community,
518
00:37:43,052 --> 00:37:44,344
Derrick was the only
African American.
519
00:37:44,719 --> 00:37:47,052
And so this is a very
White space
520
00:37:47,136 --> 00:37:48,760
and in a way Derrick was a...
521
00:37:49,802 --> 00:37:54,094
a pathbreaker, a trailblazer,
the Jackie Robinson of FC.
522
00:37:56,802 --> 00:37:58,261
The panel was on the right
523
00:37:58,344 --> 00:37:59,635
to communication clause
524
00:37:59,719 --> 00:38:03,219
and the UN convention
on disability rights.
525
00:38:03,303 --> 00:38:04,594
But I said to him, "Don't worry
526
00:38:04,677 --> 00:38:07,179
about the official topic
of the panel."
527
00:38:07,219 --> 00:38:10,635
"Just write something
about the right to communicate
528
00:38:10,719 --> 00:38:13,219
or what it means to you
to be able to communicate."
529
00:38:13,303 --> 00:38:16,510
We wanted to be able
530
00:38:16,594 --> 00:38:18,261
to refer to some
of the literature.
531
00:38:18,344 --> 00:38:20,677
I was getting books for him,
Steven Pinker,
532
00:38:20,760 --> 00:38:21,927
this neurologist who’s written
533
00:38:22,011 --> 00:38:24,179
about language being
very hardwired.
534
00:38:24,428 --> 00:38:26,219
I got him some Piaget.
535
00:38:26,886 --> 00:38:29,261
It wasn't much,
but it was to give him a taste.
536
00:38:30,635 --> 00:38:31,760
So,
he was reading the books,
537
00:38:31,844 --> 00:38:33,886
we were talking about things.
538
00:38:34,428 --> 00:38:39,386
What he wrote for the panel
was very impressive to me.
539
00:38:39,760 --> 00:38:44,510
It was less than a page
but he had a choice of words,
540
00:38:44,594 --> 00:38:47,344
a way of phrasing things.
It really struck me.
541
00:38:55,886 --> 00:38:59,552
I just became more
and more aware that, you know,
542
00:38:59,719 --> 00:39:04,179
this was a man who was very
insightful and very thoughtful.
543
00:39:05,261 --> 00:39:07,179
He spent a lot
of time sitting around
544
00:39:07,219 --> 00:39:08,594
and he was sitting
around thinking,
545
00:39:09,052 --> 00:39:12,261
and give him some ideas
and something to work with,
546
00:39:12,344 --> 00:39:16,177
and he was just digging in
and seeing stuff.
547
00:39:17,927 --> 00:39:19,303
That is what I--
548
00:39:19,510 --> 00:39:21,386
I mean, that's what I like
in my friends.
549
00:39:21,468 --> 00:39:24,011
That's honestly,
what I like in men.
550
00:39:27,136 --> 00:39:27,969
You know,
551
00:39:28,052 --> 00:39:29,760
I'm the kind
of nerdy intellectual girl
552
00:39:29,844 --> 00:39:32,261
who wants a nerdy
intellectual guy.
553
00:39:35,510 --> 00:39:38,094
You know, you could find
you really enjoy talking to them
554
00:39:38,179 --> 00:39:42,136
and, you know, you share taste,
but you also disagree on things,
555
00:39:42,303 --> 00:39:43,177
but you learn from it.
556
00:39:43,261 --> 00:39:45,510
I mean, we were just having
those kinds of experiences.
557
00:39:47,136 --> 00:39:49,177
But, you know, I was married.
558
00:39:49,261 --> 00:39:52,386
My marriage wasn't terrific,
but I wasn't, in any way,
559
00:39:52,468 --> 00:39:54,760
thinking about going
outside the relationship.
560
00:39:54,886 --> 00:39:57,219
I wasn't shopping around.
It was nothing like that.
561
00:39:58,011 --> 00:40:00,802
At the time, if you'd asked me,
562
00:40:00,969 --> 00:40:03,635
"how do you feel about DMan?"
It's, "Yeah, he's my friend."
563
00:40:16,594 --> 00:40:17,760
I just really, really liked him
564
00:40:17,844 --> 00:40:19,510
and I really,
really enjoyed his company,
565
00:40:19,594 --> 00:40:21,261
and I was really impressed
by him.
566
00:40:38,886 --> 00:40:40,969
In March of 2011,
567
00:40:41,052 --> 00:40:44,052
I invited DMan to speak
to an undergraduate class
568
00:40:44,136 --> 00:40:46,552
where we were talking
about disability issues.
569
00:40:47,219 --> 00:40:49,011
So, students
were asking him questions
570
00:40:49,094 --> 00:40:50,303
and somebody asked him about,
571
00:40:50,386 --> 00:40:52,052
you know, what his hopes
and dreams were
572
00:40:52,136 --> 00:40:53,969
and he talked about
going to college
573
00:40:54,052 --> 00:40:56,261
and maybe being
a writer someday,
574
00:40:56,344 --> 00:40:58,177
which was kind
of where he was heading.
575
00:40:58,552 --> 00:41:02,802
And then somebody else
in the class said to him,
576
00:41:03,468 --> 00:41:06,179
you know, "What about love,
what about relationships,
577
00:41:06,219 --> 00:41:08,510
is that something
that you hope for?"
578
00:41:10,510 --> 00:41:14,344
And he typed,
"I want that more than anything
579
00:41:14,428 --> 00:41:15,635
but that doesn't happen
580
00:41:15,719 --> 00:41:18,344
for people with disabilities
like mine..."
581
00:41:21,219 --> 00:41:24,760
And... in that moment,
582
00:41:26,052 --> 00:41:29,468
I mean what I wanted to say
was... ...I almost,
583
00:41:29,969 --> 00:41:31,428
you know...
584
00:41:31,594 --> 00:41:33,510
...I-- You know,
"You can have that with me."
585
00:41:38,886 --> 00:41:41,886
I started
thinking about,
586
00:41:41,969 --> 00:41:44,969
"Okay. Well, wow,
if this is the way I'm feeling,
587
00:41:45,052 --> 00:41:46,886
okay, I've got
to think about this."
588
00:41:46,969 --> 00:41:49,344
And I didn't-- I still didn't
want to say anything to him.
589
00:41:49,428 --> 00:41:51,219
I was like, "Okay,
I've gotta figure this out."
590
00:41:51,303 --> 00:41:54,677
I mean,
I had my husband and my kids.
591
00:41:56,177 --> 00:41:58,094
I mean-- Okay.
I'm in love with DMan.
592
00:41:58,179 --> 00:41:59,844
I realize this now but...
593
00:42:00,510 --> 00:42:01,552
I'm not gonna say anything.
594
00:42:01,635 --> 00:42:03,969
I have to sort all of this out.
It was awkward.
595
00:42:06,802 --> 00:42:09,303
Then I saw him
about a week later,
596
00:42:09,719 --> 00:42:13,261
and I found myself saying
that I helped the other people
597
00:42:13,344 --> 00:42:15,594
that I do
facilitated communication with
598
00:42:15,677 --> 00:42:18,261
because I believe
so strongly that
599
00:42:18,386 --> 00:42:20,844
everyone has a right
to communication.
600
00:42:22,386 --> 00:42:23,303
And-- But I said,
601
00:42:23,386 --> 00:42:25,844
"I do what I do for you
because I love you."
602
00:42:26,760 --> 00:42:29,927
And he typed...
he typed, "I know."
603
00:42:31,094 --> 00:42:32,386
"I love you too."
604
00:42:33,927 --> 00:42:35,802
And...
...I said, "I know."
605
00:42:38,594 --> 00:42:41,136
He'd asked me to kiss him
and I did.
606
00:42:42,094 --> 00:42:45,760
And then he said,
"Kiss me again."
607
00:42:45,844 --> 00:42:50,677
And I did.
And he said, "So, now what?"
608
00:43:17,510 --> 00:43:19,594
As things went along,
609
00:43:20,052 --> 00:43:22,635
Derrick started going on
the speaking circuit, I guess.
610
00:43:22,719 --> 00:43:24,179
Going to these conferences
and all.
611
00:43:24,844 --> 00:43:27,261
And there started
to be some tension.
612
00:43:31,635 --> 00:43:32,927
We were driving
to this event,
613
00:43:33,011 --> 00:43:34,344
in suburban Trenton somewhere,
614
00:43:34,428 --> 00:43:36,468
and my mama's playing
gospel music...
615
00:43:37,927 --> 00:43:40,927
...and Anna goes
and turns the station.
616
00:43:44,468 --> 00:43:45,802
And puts on classical music.
617
00:43:47,177 --> 00:43:49,344
Derrick doesn't wanna hear this,
he wants to hear that.
618
00:43:49,594 --> 00:43:52,136
She had ejected my gospel music.
619
00:43:52,760 --> 00:43:55,219
So I hit it and it
went back to play.
620
00:43:57,261 --> 00:43:58,344
Derrick loves gospel.
621
00:43:58,468 --> 00:43:59,927
He goes to church,
he hears the music.
622
00:44:00,969 --> 00:44:03,011
That assumption that he prefers
623
00:44:03,094 --> 00:44:04,552
a high culture
of classical music
624
00:44:04,677 --> 00:44:06,094
and not the low culture
of gospel,
625
00:44:06,179 --> 00:44:09,428
I mean it was just
too much of a leap.
626
00:44:21,386 --> 00:44:23,179
There were
different things that--
627
00:44:23,344 --> 00:44:26,052
One day,
when we broke for lunch,
628
00:44:26,635 --> 00:44:28,344
I was cutting up his chicken,
629
00:44:28,677 --> 00:44:30,927
and she rolled over
to the table and said,
630
00:44:31,719 --> 00:44:33,844
"What are you doing
giving him meat?"
631
00:44:34,179 --> 00:44:35,303
"He's a vegetarian."
632
00:44:35,386 --> 00:44:37,802
I said, "Nobody sent me
the freakin' memo."
633
00:44:37,927 --> 00:44:40,428
There was another time
634
00:44:40,510 --> 00:44:42,719
she's working with Derrick
on the computer.
635
00:44:42,927 --> 00:44:44,802
I said something to the effect
of "Derrick...", just jokingly,
636
00:44:44,886 --> 00:44:46,927
"...I can't wait to get home
so we can just get a beer,
637
00:44:47,011 --> 00:44:51,052
and kick back, and just relax."
And then on the keyboard,
638
00:44:51,136 --> 00:44:52,428
he said something
to the effect of,
639
00:44:52,510 --> 00:44:55,428
"Well, I don't like beer.
I like red wine."
640
00:44:55,802 --> 00:44:58,094
I just thought that
to be hella peculiar.
641
00:44:58,261 --> 00:44:59,177
Derrick does not--
642
00:44:59,261 --> 00:45:00,844
He doesn't even like
Communion wine.
643
00:45:06,552 --> 00:45:08,844
If you're in a giving
care frame of mind,
644
00:45:08,927 --> 00:45:11,052
you don't see the person
you're supporting
645
00:45:11,136 --> 00:45:16,011
as somebody who's in a position
to make their own decisions,
646
00:45:16,177 --> 00:45:19,011
who has their own ideas
about how they want things done.
647
00:45:19,094 --> 00:45:21,011
Okay. Okay.
648
00:45:23,886 --> 00:45:25,760
You wanna
give them some control
649
00:45:26,179 --> 00:45:27,386
to develop into a person
650
00:45:27,468 --> 00:45:29,677
who has a good sense
of themselves.
651
00:45:30,011 --> 00:45:30,844
Come on.
652
00:45:31,052 --> 00:45:32,552
So that part is...
653
00:45:34,052 --> 00:45:37,179
a harder adjustment
for parents or teachers
654
00:45:37,219 --> 00:45:39,510
who've been in a,
"I'm taking care of you" mode.
655
00:45:39,677 --> 00:45:45,179
Turn your feet. Turn your body.
Now step off. Thank you.
656
00:46:02,344 --> 00:46:03,427
And...
657
00:46:19,927 --> 00:46:22,677
My mom kept telling me,
you know, Anna was saying that,
658
00:46:22,760 --> 00:46:25,177
you know, she's too mothering,
she's smothering Derrick.
659
00:46:25,261 --> 00:46:29,927
Derrick doesn't want all of this
help from her that, you know,
660
00:46:30,094 --> 00:46:31,386
"You can't be Mom
all the time."
661
00:46:31,468 --> 00:46:32,386
And all these different things
662
00:46:32,510 --> 00:46:34,427
that it seemed to be breaking
my mom down.
663
00:46:34,927 --> 00:46:38,468
And then to add to that,
this idea that,
664
00:46:38,552 --> 00:46:40,303
"Oh, Derrick now wants
to live independently."
665
00:46:41,760 --> 00:46:43,594
DMan had wanted to look
666
00:46:43,677 --> 00:46:46,052
into a more independent
living arrangement.
667
00:46:46,177 --> 00:46:47,303
Moving out of his mother's house
668
00:46:47,386 --> 00:46:50,635
and moving into supported
living situation.
669
00:47:06,303 --> 00:47:08,594
There was an organization
that was able to provide
670
00:47:08,677 --> 00:47:10,261
supervised housing for Derrick.
671
00:47:10,635 --> 00:47:13,386
Derrick would have individuals
looking out for him
672
00:47:13,468 --> 00:47:14,427
twenty-four hours a day.
673
00:47:14,510 --> 00:47:16,969
He would take classes.
He would get his degree.
674
00:47:17,719 --> 00:47:19,886
As my mom was telling me this,
I thought,
675
00:47:20,011 --> 00:47:21,303
"Where's this money
gonna come from for this?"
676
00:47:21,386 --> 00:47:25,011
"'Cause it's not gonna be free."
And I just kind of saw that as,
677
00:47:26,094 --> 00:47:28,635
all right, you're getting
a little too personal here.
678
00:47:28,719 --> 00:47:31,510
Now, you're looking
into Derrick's support
679
00:47:31,594 --> 00:47:34,261
and I just
wasn't comfortable with that.
680
00:47:34,886 --> 00:47:38,052
I said, "Anna,
if he's gonna move into a place,
681
00:47:38,136 --> 00:47:39,303
he's gonna move in the basement,
682
00:47:39,386 --> 00:47:41,844
where John lived
before John got on his own."
683
00:47:42,136 --> 00:47:43,677
"Derrick is not going anywhere."
684
00:47:45,344 --> 00:47:47,344
"You need to cut
the apron strings."
685
00:47:47,677 --> 00:47:50,510
I said, "How am I gonna
cut my apron strings
686
00:47:50,594 --> 00:47:53,969
when Derrick cannot walk, talk,
or do anything on his own?"
687
00:47:54,844 --> 00:47:57,927
"See, that's where you're wrong.
Derrick can do it."
688
00:47:59,594 --> 00:48:02,802
"You're opening up
a whole new world for him."
689
00:48:07,635 --> 00:48:09,844
The ways in which
she talked to my mom,
690
00:48:10,261 --> 00:48:12,510
you know, not mothering
the proper way.
691
00:48:12,594 --> 00:48:13,927
And saying that Derrick
doesn't like this
692
00:48:14,011 --> 00:48:16,927
and wants this, or "Daisy,
you need to let him be a man."
693
00:48:17,136 --> 00:48:20,219
It just kind of rubbed me
the wrong way.
694
00:48:20,677 --> 00:48:23,177
Part of it might just be a level
of self-consciousness on my part
695
00:48:23,468 --> 00:48:26,136
because I remember growing up
in late '80s, early '90s,
696
00:48:26,468 --> 00:48:28,177
and, you know,
when my mom and dad
697
00:48:28,760 --> 00:48:30,179
separated and then divorced,
698
00:48:30,261 --> 00:48:33,179
the idea of single parenthood
was resonant.
699
00:48:34,594 --> 00:48:36,969
There was all
these studies about, you know,
700
00:48:37,052 --> 00:48:38,344
children of single-parent
households
701
00:48:38,427 --> 00:48:40,011
just don't do well and,
702
00:48:40,635 --> 00:48:42,468
you know,
invariably was framed around,
703
00:48:42,552 --> 00:48:44,844
you know, "Black women
aren't good parents."
704
00:48:45,094 --> 00:48:46,427
You know,
"There's things that Black women
705
00:48:46,510 --> 00:48:48,011
can't teach their sons."
706
00:48:48,261 --> 00:48:50,510
And all of that
was kind of in my ears.
707
00:48:51,886 --> 00:48:54,802
Now, I think it's important
to recognize that my mom,
708
00:48:54,886 --> 00:48:56,386
prior to all of this,
709
00:48:56,468 --> 00:48:58,635
was affiliated
with a number of organizations
710
00:48:58,719 --> 00:49:02,677
that were headed by women
of color who are advocates
711
00:49:02,760 --> 00:49:05,052
for people of color
or with disabilities,
712
00:49:05,136 --> 00:49:07,052
who otherwise may
have been overlooked.
713
00:49:08,177 --> 00:49:10,094
For Anna to make
certain assumptions
714
00:49:10,179 --> 00:49:12,635
about my mom's expertise
715
00:49:12,719 --> 00:49:16,179
or her decision-making
and those kind of things,
716
00:49:16,219 --> 00:49:19,094
it just has those racial
undertones and overtones.
717
00:49:19,179 --> 00:49:20,802
It wasn't, like, you know,
718
00:49:20,886 --> 00:49:22,760
"Nigga, get in the back
of the bus," kind of racism.
719
00:49:22,844 --> 00:49:24,886
It wasn't that, but it was more
like making assumptions
720
00:49:24,969 --> 00:49:27,719
based on the idea that some
people might be inherently...
721
00:49:27,802 --> 00:49:29,179
...deficient.
722
00:49:30,594 --> 00:49:33,344
Anna was just ignoring
the past 30-some-odd years
723
00:49:33,510 --> 00:49:35,177
and everything that
my mom has done
724
00:49:35,261 --> 00:49:36,969
to get us to this point, right?
725
00:49:39,594 --> 00:49:41,969
And so, I had it in my mind,
726
00:49:42,594 --> 00:49:44,303
we're gonna have a long
conversation,
727
00:49:44,427 --> 00:49:46,927
we are gonna have to really
set some hard, fast rules,
728
00:49:47,011 --> 00:49:50,261
or we may have to just kind
of begin to draw things down.
729
00:49:55,344 --> 00:49:58,386
DMan and I had debated
on several occasions
730
00:49:58,468 --> 00:50:01,969
whether we wanted to say
anything to Daisy and John
731
00:50:02,052 --> 00:50:04,177
about the change
in our relationship.
732
00:50:05,136 --> 00:50:06,844
We knew we were gonna
tell them eventually.
733
00:50:06,927 --> 00:50:08,594
So, it was more just,
734
00:50:08,969 --> 00:50:12,594
we were enjoying
that kind of initial beginning
735
00:50:12,677 --> 00:50:14,927
of a romance
when it's very private,
736
00:50:15,011 --> 00:50:17,386
and it's very intimate,
and it's just the two of you,
737
00:50:17,468 --> 00:50:20,886
and it changes when you start
sharing with family.
738
00:50:22,011 --> 00:50:25,261
But we had started
figuring out ways that we could,
739
00:50:25,344 --> 00:50:27,635
you know,
try to spend time together.
740
00:50:28,594 --> 00:50:31,177
And it was a Sunday.
741
00:50:31,303 --> 00:50:33,344
DMan and I had made plans
742
00:50:33,427 --> 00:50:35,468
to go to the film festival
in New York
743
00:50:35,552 --> 00:50:37,719
where there was a film
being shown
744
00:50:37,802 --> 00:50:40,261
called Wretches & Jabberers,
which was about FC users.
745
00:50:41,594 --> 00:50:44,594
Daisy wanted
to go to church that morning
746
00:50:45,219 --> 00:50:48,594
and in thinking
about locations and stuff
747
00:50:48,844 --> 00:50:51,386
for eventual
romantic rendezvous,
748
00:50:51,468 --> 00:50:53,510
we definitely
didn't want to use,
749
00:50:53,927 --> 00:50:56,261
you know, his mother's house.
750
00:50:56,552 --> 00:51:01,094
But, you know, here we are
at the house and she's not there
751
00:51:01,594 --> 00:51:05,344
and it's difficult
for him to kiss.
752
00:51:06,136 --> 00:51:10,802
So, we wanted to practice.
Like anything else,
753
00:51:10,886 --> 00:51:13,677
it was a physical challenge
for him.
754
00:51:16,760 --> 00:51:19,177
I could tell
that he is very tense
755
00:51:19,261 --> 00:51:21,844
and every time
he tried to sit back,
756
00:51:21,927 --> 00:51:25,677
he would kind of pop up again
and I said, like, "Talk to me."
757
00:51:25,969 --> 00:51:29,344
"Obviously this is not working
for you, what's going on?"
758
00:51:30,094 --> 00:51:33,802
And he typed, "I really,
really love being with you,
759
00:51:33,886 --> 00:51:35,303
and I wanna be doing this
760
00:51:35,386 --> 00:51:38,052
but I'm just really overwhelmed
right now. I need a minute."
761
00:51:39,635 --> 00:51:41,136
And I said, you know, "Fine."
762
00:51:41,177 --> 00:51:43,011
"Take all the time
you need. Of course."
763
00:51:45,927 --> 00:51:48,261
So he scooted himself
down the hallway
764
00:51:48,969 --> 00:51:52,052
and I got a glass of water,
I was just giving him some time.
765
00:51:53,177 --> 00:51:55,719
And I said to him,
"Look, you know, you're the one
766
00:51:55,802 --> 00:51:58,303
where this is all
a brand-new thing for you,
767
00:51:58,719 --> 00:51:59,969
you've gotta call the shots.
768
00:52:00,052 --> 00:52:01,802
You've gotta,
you know, I don't--
769
00:52:01,886 --> 00:52:04,427
I don't wanna do anything
that makes you uncomfortable,
770
00:52:04,510 --> 00:52:06,719
I don't wanna push
anything faster,
771
00:52:06,802 --> 00:52:09,760
I don't know what's gonna work
for your body and what isn't,
772
00:52:09,844 --> 00:52:11,011
so you tell me."
773
00:52:12,344 --> 00:52:14,886
I was figuring
at that point that,
774
00:52:14,969 --> 00:52:17,386
like, the moment had passed
and that was all right.
775
00:52:18,594 --> 00:52:22,510
And he typed,
"May I touch your breasts?"
776
00:52:23,927 --> 00:52:27,094
And I was like, "Wow. Okay.
I didn't know where that..."
777
00:52:27,179 --> 00:52:29,802
You know, "That wasn't
what I was expecting."
778
00:52:30,219 --> 00:52:34,594
"Okay."
And then he typed,
779
00:52:34,719 --> 00:52:36,303
"Take your shirt off
all the way."
780
00:52:37,594 --> 00:52:40,802
I was like, "Okay."
So, I did that and then he said,
781
00:52:40,886 --> 00:52:42,802
"Take the rest
of your clothes off."
782
00:52:42,886 --> 00:52:46,886
And, "Okay," so I did. And...
783
00:52:48,969 --> 00:52:51,510
then he said, you know,
"I've dreamed about this."
784
00:52:52,468 --> 00:52:54,719
It seemed to me
that what he was doing
785
00:52:54,886 --> 00:52:58,052
was taking control
of the situation.
786
00:52:58,179 --> 00:53:00,552
He was like really ordering
me around... ...and,
787
00:53:00,719 --> 00:53:02,136
you know,
but that was kind of cool
788
00:53:02,177 --> 00:53:04,635
because I wasn't
necessarily anticipating
789
00:53:04,719 --> 00:53:06,719
that element
of the relationship.
790
00:53:08,261 --> 00:53:09,179
He said,
791
00:53:10,344 --> 00:53:13,427
"I long to hold you
the way that men do."
792
00:53:15,179 --> 00:53:17,510
I said to him,
"Look, I feel held."
793
00:53:18,344 --> 00:53:20,969
He said,
794
00:53:21,844 --> 00:53:24,594
"Do you think that
it would even be possible
795
00:53:24,677 --> 00:53:29,094
with my cerebral palsy
for us to make love?"
796
00:53:29,719 --> 00:53:31,552
And I said, you know,
797
00:53:31,635 --> 00:53:33,719
"I have no idea,
but there's only,
798
00:53:33,802 --> 00:53:35,635
you know, there's only
one way to find out."
799
00:53:52,510 --> 00:53:54,510
We had this meeting
scheduled for Memorial Day,
800
00:53:54,635 --> 00:53:56,385
for DMan to talk
to Daisy and John
801
00:53:56,468 --> 00:53:58,510
about the independent
living counselor.
802
00:53:59,136 --> 00:54:01,510
And DMan brought up
or I brought up,
803
00:54:01,594 --> 00:54:02,510
I don't even remember,
804
00:54:02,677 --> 00:54:05,136
you know, should we also
use this opportunity
805
00:54:05,177 --> 00:54:08,344
to tell them about the change
in our relationship?
806
00:54:08,427 --> 00:54:10,136
But I said to him,
807
00:54:10,177 --> 00:54:13,510
"Look, if Daisy and John
did get upset about this
808
00:54:13,594 --> 00:54:15,344
and chose to separate us,
809
00:54:15,427 --> 00:54:17,886
technically, that's a violation
of your rights,
810
00:54:17,969 --> 00:54:21,677
but it would be very hard
to challenge them on that."
811
00:54:24,677 --> 00:54:26,719
He said to me...
812
00:54:26,927 --> 00:54:28,719
"...They would never
do that to me."
813
00:54:28,802 --> 00:54:30,261
"They love me too much."
814
00:54:33,760 --> 00:54:34,802
We all sit down
815
00:54:34,886 --> 00:54:38,802
and there just seem to be
this awkwardness about it,
816
00:54:38,886 --> 00:54:40,385
you know. If we're gonna
talk about business,
817
00:54:40,468 --> 00:54:42,969
let's talk business.
But she seemed--
818
00:54:43,052 --> 00:54:44,136
And she looked
to Derrick and said,
819
00:54:44,177 --> 00:54:49,261
"Do you want me to tell them?"
And so I'm like, "Tell us what?"
820
00:54:50,052 --> 00:54:52,011
And then,
she grabs Derrick's hand
821
00:54:52,094 --> 00:54:55,094
and on the keyboard comes up,
"We are in love."
822
00:54:58,177 --> 00:55:01,011
So he typed, you know,
"Anna and I are in love."
823
00:55:01,385 --> 00:55:03,427
"And we, you know, had a--"
824
00:55:03,510 --> 00:55:05,136
"We have
a physical relationship."
825
00:55:05,719 --> 00:55:07,886
And John said something about,
you know, that, like,
826
00:55:07,969 --> 00:55:11,219
"Do you use protection?"
And DMan said, "Yes."
827
00:55:12,261 --> 00:55:15,427
She said, "Yes.
We have made love."
828
00:55:19,303 --> 00:55:24,635
And I was like, "What?"
"Yes, we've made love."
829
00:55:25,177 --> 00:55:28,344
"He's a man
in every sense of the word."
830
00:55:30,427 --> 00:55:33,802
And what I did,
I sat on my hands...
831
00:55:36,719 --> 00:55:38,886
and I said, "You did what?"
832
00:55:45,344 --> 00:55:47,635
You know,
they asked me about
833
00:55:47,760 --> 00:55:49,510
where things were at
with my husband
834
00:55:49,594 --> 00:55:51,635
and, you know, I told them,
835
00:55:51,719 --> 00:55:55,510
I really did wanna be with DMan
permanently to marry him,
836
00:55:55,594 --> 00:55:58,052
that I hadn't talked
to my husband yet,
837
00:55:58,136 --> 00:56:00,886
but that I was going
to very soon.
838
00:56:00,969 --> 00:56:03,802
And there was a moment that
was part of the conversation
839
00:56:03,969 --> 00:56:05,969
where he asked me to kiss him.
840
00:56:06,468 --> 00:56:09,552
I found that a little awkward,
like, I didn't really want to.
841
00:56:09,719 --> 00:56:11,468
In that moment, it's just like,
842
00:56:12,179 --> 00:56:14,261
you know,
but he insisted, so I did.
843
00:56:15,844 --> 00:56:17,344
I tried to be civil.
844
00:56:18,219 --> 00:56:19,261
John had gone somewhere
845
00:56:19,344 --> 00:56:20,969
and I think
he went down to throw up.
846
00:56:21,136 --> 00:56:23,969
I was shocked.
847
00:56:24,385 --> 00:56:27,385
I didn't really know
what to make of it at the time,
848
00:56:27,927 --> 00:56:31,969
but I felt myself
getting so angry
849
00:56:33,011 --> 00:56:37,844
and rage-filled that I left.
I went downstairs,
850
00:56:37,927 --> 00:56:39,635
I paced the floor
a bunch of times.
851
00:56:39,719 --> 00:56:41,094
I looked at the cracks
in the wall.
852
00:56:41,179 --> 00:56:46,303
I remember I had to let
my anger subside.
853
00:56:48,219 --> 00:56:51,052
I said goodbye to DMan
and Daisy was there
854
00:56:51,136 --> 00:56:53,969
and she, you know,
came in and gave me a big hug
855
00:56:54,136 --> 00:56:55,802
and said, you know,
"We'll get through this."
856
00:56:55,886 --> 00:56:57,177
"We'll figure this out."
857
00:56:58,052 --> 00:57:00,510
I was heading out the door
and just saying goodbye to DMan
858
00:57:00,594 --> 00:57:02,177
and I said, you know,
I said to him, like,
859
00:57:02,261 --> 00:57:05,179
"Good call, love, hon."
You know,
860
00:57:05,219 --> 00:57:07,052
that it was a good choice
to tell them.
861
00:57:07,719 --> 00:57:10,844
And I left. And, you know,
I was feeling fine.
862
00:57:16,844 --> 00:57:18,760
John called me the next morning
863
00:57:18,927 --> 00:57:20,427
about ten o'clock
in the morning.
864
00:57:20,510 --> 00:57:24,886
And I think, I knew something
was gonna be wrong
865
00:57:24,969 --> 00:57:26,635
when I saw he was calling.
866
00:57:28,344 --> 00:57:32,802
He said, "Daisy and I
don't want you to see DMan
867
00:57:32,886 --> 00:57:34,635
until you and--
868
00:57:34,719 --> 00:57:37,052
She and I have a chance
to sit down and talk."
869
00:57:38,094 --> 00:57:41,344
We sort of scheduled the meeting
then she pulled out,
870
00:57:41,427 --> 00:57:45,261
then John or Daisy got back
to me and said, you know,
871
00:57:45,344 --> 00:57:46,635
"We just don't wanna meet."
872
00:57:47,011 --> 00:57:50,179
That was when--
Then I started calling Daisy.
873
00:57:57,385 --> 00:57:59,677
She would talk to me
on the phone.
874
00:57:59,760 --> 00:58:02,261
I would kind of address
her concerns
875
00:58:02,344 --> 00:58:03,635
and talk about things.
876
00:58:28,969 --> 00:58:30,886
And then she stopped
returning my calls.
877
00:58:52,011 --> 00:58:52,927
Right.
878
00:59:00,136 --> 00:59:01,635
One of the things that happened
879
00:59:01,719 --> 00:59:03,594
with the facilitated
communication
880
00:59:03,969 --> 00:59:06,802
was that part of the sessions
were for us,
881
00:59:07,052 --> 00:59:09,177
Mom and I,
to also practice with him.
882
00:59:09,802 --> 00:59:12,802
And so,
Anna would be there with him
883
00:59:13,052 --> 00:59:15,179
and, you know,
a sentence will come out.
884
00:59:15,844 --> 00:59:17,052
"All right, John, you try."
885
00:59:17,179 --> 00:59:19,594
And so, I would try to
and I would get nothing.
886
00:59:19,677 --> 00:59:21,719
You know, eventually,
he would apply pressure,
887
00:59:21,802 --> 00:59:23,844
I may get two words
but it wouldn't make sense.
888
00:59:23,927 --> 00:59:26,094
And then when my mom would try,
nothing would happen.
889
00:59:26,219 --> 00:59:29,344
See all these marks on my arm,
that was Derrick's facilitating.
890
00:59:30,719 --> 00:59:33,594
He would grab me
and pull my hand.
891
00:59:33,677 --> 00:59:35,594
You know, take my hand
away from his.
892
00:59:36,303 --> 00:59:39,719
The coaching from Anna was,
you have to keep trying,
893
00:59:39,802 --> 00:59:41,303
you have to keep practicing,
894
00:59:41,385 --> 00:59:45,052
you have to anticipate
what he's gonna say.
895
00:59:45,468 --> 00:59:47,760
And that was one of those,
like, "Hmm."
896
00:59:47,927 --> 00:59:49,344
That's when, I guess,
897
00:59:49,594 --> 00:59:51,635
my own doubts
started to creep in,
898
00:59:51,719 --> 00:59:54,719
and that's when I started
looking for the video
899
00:59:54,802 --> 00:59:57,094
that I initially saw
in the classroom,
900
00:59:57,177 --> 00:59:59,635
to see what in the world
am I doing wrong?
901
01:00:01,177 --> 01:00:05,927
And that's when I stumbled upon
the Frontline documentary on FC.
902
01:00:11,011 --> 01:00:12,303
Some people
had their doubts
903
01:00:12,385 --> 01:00:14,303
about facilitated communication.
904
01:00:15,011 --> 01:00:17,136
Dr. Howard Shane
has devoted his life
905
01:00:17,177 --> 01:00:20,385
to helping disabled nonverbal
people to communicate.
906
01:00:20,510 --> 01:00:21,677
You must be Doctor Shane.
907
01:00:21,760 --> 01:00:23,136
How are you?
- Nice to meet you.
908
01:00:24,011 --> 01:00:27,468
In 1990, I got a call
from a prosecutor
909
01:00:27,552 --> 01:00:28,844
in Western Massachusetts
910
01:00:28,927 --> 01:00:31,343
because someone
was being facilitated
911
01:00:31,468 --> 01:00:35,094
and while being facilitated,
he mentioned that
912
01:00:35,179 --> 01:00:38,927
his aid in his group residence
was sexually abusing him.
913
01:00:41,343 --> 01:00:43,011
And the prosecutor
wanted to be sure
914
01:00:43,094 --> 01:00:43,969
that this individual
915
01:00:44,052 --> 01:00:46,427
was actually independently
communicating.
916
01:00:49,969 --> 01:00:51,844
When you have somebody
hold your hand,
917
01:00:52,261 --> 01:00:55,510
it obviously brings up
the question every time,
918
01:00:55,635 --> 01:00:57,094
"Well,
are they being influenced?"
919
01:00:58,468 --> 01:01:01,094
How can you be sure that
these individuals are actually,
920
01:01:01,219 --> 01:01:02,760
you know,
independently communicating
921
01:01:02,844 --> 01:01:05,427
or they aren't being facilitated
and really being influenced?
922
01:01:11,219 --> 01:01:14,136
I went on to design a protocol
923
01:01:14,468 --> 01:01:17,635
that would enable me
to determine
924
01:01:17,719 --> 01:01:18,886
who was authoring the message.
925
01:01:19,635 --> 01:01:21,219
Okay, folks.
What I'm gonna be doing now...
926
01:01:21,303 --> 01:01:24,179
Shane had devised
a double-blind test like this.
927
01:01:24,219 --> 01:01:26,385
He showed both
a series of pictures
928
01:01:26,510 --> 01:01:28,635
and asked them
to type what they saw.
929
01:01:30,385 --> 01:01:31,760
Betsy,
make sure you're looking at it.
930
01:01:31,844 --> 01:01:33,844
When both Betsy
and her facilitator
931
01:01:33,927 --> 01:01:35,427
saw a picture of a key,
932
01:01:36,468 --> 01:01:40,552
the letters K-E-Y were typed.
933
01:01:41,760 --> 01:01:43,635
But Shane wanted
to discover what happened
934
01:01:43,719 --> 01:01:45,552
if each saw a different picture.
935
01:01:45,635 --> 01:01:46,468
Okay.
936
01:01:46,552 --> 01:01:49,219
When Betsy saw a cup,
she didn't type cup.
937
01:01:49,468 --> 01:01:52,927
She typed hat.
What the facilitator saw.
938
01:01:53,886 --> 01:01:56,343
Now, take a look at this one.
Okay.
939
01:01:58,094 --> 01:02:00,385
When Betsy was shown
a picture of a dog,
940
01:02:00,468 --> 01:02:03,303
she didn't type dog,
but sneakers.
941
01:02:04,011 --> 01:02:05,552
What the facilitator saw.
942
01:02:07,303 --> 01:02:08,719
Okay,
here is the next one.
943
01:02:08,802 --> 01:02:11,261
Later work that I did
and others have done,
944
01:02:11,635 --> 01:02:15,385
seems to indicate that
facilitators were doing this,
945
01:02:15,468 --> 01:02:17,303
thinking that
they were giving people
946
01:02:17,385 --> 01:02:18,802
the ability to be able
to communicate.
947
01:02:20,385 --> 01:02:22,760
I don't think
that they are intentionally
948
01:02:23,052 --> 01:02:25,177
trying to create
a false message.
949
01:02:25,385 --> 01:02:26,927
They believe that this is coming
950
01:02:27,011 --> 01:02:29,510
from the person
who is being facilitated.
951
01:02:30,802 --> 01:02:32,594
The scientific
evidence suggested that
952
01:02:32,677 --> 01:02:35,385
far from unlocking the minds
of autistic individuals,
953
01:02:36,052 --> 01:02:39,594
FC tapped the unconscious
thoughts of the facilitator.
954
01:02:43,179 --> 01:02:45,219
I just remember
thinking at the time,
955
01:02:45,385 --> 01:02:48,635
you know, Derrick was writing
those papers,
956
01:02:49,760 --> 01:02:51,677
what I find interesting
in hindsight,
957
01:02:51,760 --> 01:02:54,969
is that a lot of it revolved
around this idea of,
958
01:02:55,385 --> 01:02:56,844
you know, now I have a voice.
959
01:02:56,927 --> 01:03:01,969
Now, I can speak and talk
and-- Whereas I was trapped,
960
01:03:02,219 --> 01:03:04,177
now, I have this freedom.
961
01:03:04,677 --> 01:03:07,886
And a lot of it
revolved around things
962
01:03:07,969 --> 01:03:11,179
that just,
in my estimation, were not...
963
01:03:13,052 --> 01:03:14,179
about Derrick.
964
01:03:14,635 --> 01:03:18,219
And so, to me, it was just like,
this whole FC thing is bogus.
965
01:03:21,635 --> 01:03:25,343
I never got any vibe
off of John or Daisy
966
01:03:25,594 --> 01:03:27,719
that they didn't
100 percent believe
967
01:03:27,802 --> 01:03:30,677
that what DMan said
was DMan's words.
968
01:03:32,011 --> 01:03:34,719
I had been careful
in the beginning
969
01:03:34,802 --> 01:03:37,552
to make sure
that I wasn't influencing him,
970
01:03:38,011 --> 01:03:41,677
but there were so many...
so many situations
971
01:03:41,760 --> 01:03:44,219
that he was telling me
information I didn't know.
972
01:03:44,303 --> 01:03:46,635
And in the beginning,
I was checking it to make sure
973
01:03:46,719 --> 01:03:48,011
that I wasn't influencing,
974
01:03:48,094 --> 01:03:51,385
and the fact that we had
arguments and disagreements
975
01:03:51,468 --> 01:03:52,886
and so on and so forth.
976
01:03:52,969 --> 01:03:55,136
I mean, he very clearly
had his own mind.
977
01:03:57,385 --> 01:03:58,719
He more than proved himself.
978
01:03:59,677 --> 01:04:03,136
The homework assignments that
DMan had typed with Sheronda
979
01:04:03,177 --> 01:04:04,468
and she hadn't read the books.
980
01:04:04,552 --> 01:04:06,011
I mean, had John come
and talked to me
981
01:04:06,094 --> 01:04:08,677
I had all of this proof
982
01:04:08,969 --> 01:04:11,179
that I could have shared
with him to reassure him.
983
01:04:51,552 --> 01:04:52,427
Yeah.
984
01:04:58,760 --> 01:04:59,802
Yeah.
985
01:05:06,303 --> 01:05:08,261
Mm-hmm. Right.
986
01:05:11,219 --> 01:05:12,552
All right, so, it's...
987
01:05:19,179 --> 01:05:20,219
Okay.
988
01:05:23,303 --> 01:05:24,594
At the time,
we weren't trying
989
01:05:24,677 --> 01:05:27,052
to pursue any kind
of legal thing,
990
01:05:27,219 --> 01:05:29,677
we just wanted her
to leave us alone.
991
01:05:30,343 --> 01:05:31,552
But then one day,
992
01:05:31,635 --> 01:05:35,510
the director of Derrick's Day
Program got an email from Anna
993
01:05:35,594 --> 01:05:37,427
and the gist of it was,
994
01:05:37,719 --> 01:05:40,886
"Daisy and John have not allowed
me to see Derrick,
995
01:05:40,969 --> 01:05:42,510
but Daisy and John don't know
996
01:05:42,594 --> 01:05:43,635
what's in Derrick's
best interest,
997
01:05:43,719 --> 01:05:45,179
but we as people who work
998
01:05:45,219 --> 01:05:46,760
with people
with disabilities do."
999
01:05:56,468 --> 01:05:57,552
And at that point,
I just thought,
1000
01:05:57,635 --> 01:05:59,219
You know, if she's gonna
go to these lengths
1001
01:05:59,303 --> 01:06:02,303
to try to get to Derrick
behind our back,
1002
01:06:02,844 --> 01:06:04,594
there's no telling
what she may do,
1003
01:06:05,011 --> 01:06:07,594
and I need to take steps
necessary to put an end to this.
1004
01:06:08,677 --> 01:06:11,969
And so, I made an appointment
to meet with the dean.
1005
01:06:12,635 --> 01:06:14,343
I remember going
into her office,
1006
01:06:14,927 --> 01:06:18,427
and I started to tell her
what was going on.
1007
01:06:18,510 --> 01:06:21,802
She kind of froze and was,
like, took a deep breath,
1008
01:06:21,886 --> 01:06:23,844
and was somewhat in disbelief.
1009
01:06:26,802 --> 01:06:29,844
I don't think I had taken
opportunity to kind of...
1010
01:06:30,802 --> 01:06:33,594
let myself release this emotion.
1011
01:06:33,719 --> 01:06:36,385
I just sat in that office...
...and I don't think
1012
01:06:36,468 --> 01:06:38,011
I've ever cried in front
of a White woman before,
1013
01:06:38,094 --> 01:06:40,219
but I just broke down...
1014
01:06:40,303 --> 01:06:44,177
...and she basically said to me
in so many words,
1015
01:06:44,677 --> 01:06:46,219
"John, make sure
you get a lawyer."
1016
01:07:09,011 --> 01:07:13,635
I got a phone call one day
from Daisy. And she said...
1017
01:07:26,052 --> 01:07:27,802
She said, "He's been biting
his hand a lot more,
1018
01:07:27,886 --> 01:07:29,303
he's really unhappy."
1019
01:07:29,385 --> 01:07:32,385
So she said, "I'm just
trying to understand
1020
01:07:32,468 --> 01:07:34,594
what happened
between the two of you."
1021
01:07:54,302 --> 01:07:57,385
To me, it sounded like,
"Oh, maybe this is an opening,
1022
01:07:57,468 --> 01:07:59,343
you know, maybe
they're seeing he's unhappy
1023
01:07:59,427 --> 01:08:00,677
and they're reconsidering,"
1024
01:08:00,760 --> 01:08:04,719
and so I was happy
to answer her questions.
1025
01:08:33,343 --> 01:08:34,635
You know, again,
that feels kind of weird
1026
01:08:34,719 --> 01:08:38,011
to talk about
with your lover's mother
1027
01:08:38,094 --> 01:08:39,844
but, you know, whatever,
1028
01:08:39,927 --> 01:08:41,468
if it kept
the conversation going
1029
01:08:41,552 --> 01:08:42,594
and if she was listening...
1030
01:09:03,635 --> 01:09:05,552
I found out later
that that was...
1031
01:09:05,802 --> 01:09:07,844
That phone call
had been setup by the police,
1032
01:09:08,011 --> 01:09:09,886
and they had coached her
on what to say,
1033
01:09:09,969 --> 01:09:11,760
and it was being recorded.
1034
01:09:12,886 --> 01:09:16,261
The date
is August 22nd, 2011.
1035
01:09:16,343 --> 01:09:21,179
This is regarding Special
Victims Unit Case No. S 11-0141.
1036
01:09:21,219 --> 01:09:22,802
The target of the investigation
is a one
1037
01:09:22,886 --> 01:09:24,427
Marjorie Anna Stubblefield.
1038
01:09:24,510 --> 01:09:27,468
The consenting party
is a one Daisy P. Johnson.
1039
01:09:28,343 --> 01:09:30,011
The crimes investigated
1040
01:09:30,094 --> 01:09:32,802
are crimes
of the sexual assault nature.
1041
01:09:39,969 --> 01:09:42,510
It was a Monday
1042
01:09:42,594 --> 01:09:46,302
and I was teaching class
in the afternoon.
1043
01:09:46,385 --> 01:09:48,468
So I pulled
into the parking lot,
1044
01:09:48,844 --> 01:09:53,844
and I was approached
by two people in plain clothes.
1045
01:09:53,927 --> 01:09:55,802
And they said,
"We're with the Essex County
1046
01:09:55,886 --> 01:09:57,136
Prosecutors Office
1047
01:09:57,177 --> 01:09:59,136
and we need to ask you
some questions."
1048
01:09:59,635 --> 01:10:00,844
And the only thing
I could think of
1049
01:10:00,927 --> 01:10:02,427
was something about a student.
1050
01:10:05,719 --> 01:10:08,177
You know, I'm wondering
what's going on.
1051
01:10:08,261 --> 01:10:12,760
And then they said, "Do you know
somebody named Derrick Johnson?"
1052
01:10:15,343 --> 01:10:18,719
I was like... "Okay."
1053
01:10:18,802 --> 01:10:22,179
You know, and that was starting
to penetrate that--
1054
01:10:23,052 --> 01:10:24,635
"Wow, okay, this is..."
1055
01:10:29,927 --> 01:10:32,052
So then I had to make
a decision on the spot
1056
01:10:32,136 --> 01:10:34,052
about how much do I say?
1057
01:10:34,385 --> 01:10:37,179
But I figured, you know what,
I didn't do anything wrong.
1058
01:10:38,177 --> 01:10:39,844
I talked to them
for about two hours
1059
01:10:39,927 --> 01:10:41,719
and I told them the whole story,
1060
01:10:42,468 --> 01:10:44,177
that we were in love
and all of that stuff.
1061
01:10:44,261 --> 01:10:46,094
I just didn't actually
say the words
1062
01:10:46,385 --> 01:10:48,343
that we consummated
the relationship.
1063
01:10:50,179 --> 01:10:54,219
They drove me back
to the parking lot at Rutgers.
1064
01:10:54,302 --> 01:10:57,510
And there was a person
I didn't know
1065
01:10:57,594 --> 01:10:58,594
who identified himself
1066
01:10:58,677 --> 01:11:01,760
as a representative
of the Dean's Office.
1067
01:11:02,552 --> 01:11:05,802
He handed me a letter
and the letter informed me
1068
01:11:05,886 --> 01:11:07,177
that as of this moment,
1069
01:11:07,261 --> 01:11:10,343
I was suspended from my teaching
duties at Rutgers.
1070
01:11:10,427 --> 01:11:12,510
I was not allowed on campus.
1071
01:11:29,302 --> 01:11:31,011
And while I was there,
1072
01:11:31,219 --> 01:11:33,844
they had gone to my house
with a search warrant.
1073
01:11:38,635 --> 01:11:41,552
My now-ex-husband was there,
1074
01:11:41,677 --> 01:11:45,635
so he's found out
that I'm under investigation.
1075
01:12:00,219 --> 01:12:01,844
This is Detective
Christine Wachowski
1076
01:12:01,927 --> 01:12:03,969
of the Essex County
Prosecutors Office.
1077
01:12:04,094 --> 01:12:07,136
I'm interviewing
Ms. Sheronda Jones.
1078
01:12:07,177 --> 01:12:08,760
Ms. Jones,
did there ever come a time
1079
01:12:08,844 --> 01:12:11,677
that you got involved
with Anna Stubblefield?
1080
01:12:11,760 --> 01:12:13,802
Yes.
My professor suggested her
1081
01:12:13,886 --> 01:12:14,927
because I work with children
1082
01:12:15,011 --> 01:12:17,052
with mental
and behavioral disorders.
1083
01:12:17,343 --> 01:12:19,760
So, she figured that it would
probably be a good connection
1084
01:12:19,844 --> 01:12:23,094
because she talked about working
with facilitated communication.
1085
01:12:23,261 --> 01:12:24,635
Can you tell me
a little bit about
1086
01:12:24,760 --> 01:12:25,844
about the facilitated
communication?
1087
01:12:25,927 --> 01:12:27,094
What kind of process is that?
1088
01:12:27,219 --> 01:12:31,468
Um, it's pretty much
me being an arm for DMan.
1089
01:12:31,552 --> 01:12:33,427
I would hold his arm up...
1090
01:12:33,510 --> 01:12:36,052
...while he would type out
whatever thoughts that he had
1091
01:12:36,136 --> 01:12:40,552
on a communication board.
He pretty much read the books.
1092
01:12:40,677 --> 01:12:42,719
I didn't know any information
about the book.
1093
01:12:42,802 --> 01:12:44,136
I can't tell you what he read.
1094
01:12:44,177 --> 01:12:45,969
And he typed out
the information.
1095
01:12:46,594 --> 01:12:48,594
One of my roommates
was in the class with him
1096
01:12:48,677 --> 01:12:51,177
and they pretty much wrote
some of the same things.
1097
01:12:53,219 --> 01:12:54,594
Today,
we're conducting an interview
1098
01:12:54,677 --> 01:12:56,261
with Ms. Karen Moore.
1099
01:12:56,844 --> 01:12:58,468
What do you do
at the university?
1100
01:12:58,552 --> 01:13:00,094
I teach
African American literature.
1101
01:13:00,179 --> 01:13:01,969
And how do you know
Ms. Stubblefield?
1102
01:13:02,719 --> 01:13:04,094
Well, she wrote to me.
1103
01:13:04,343 --> 01:13:06,719
He was not in my class
last semester
1104
01:13:06,969 --> 01:13:09,468
so it must have been 2010.
1105
01:13:09,677 --> 01:13:12,011
And when you say
"He", that's Derrick Johnson?"
1106
01:13:12,094 --> 01:13:13,927
I only knew him as DMan.
I didn't know
1107
01:13:14,011 --> 01:13:15,136
that was his name.
- Okay.
1108
01:13:15,177 --> 01:13:17,261
And Anna would assist with?
1109
01:13:18,343 --> 01:13:20,594
Well, you know
what that situation is.
1110
01:13:20,677 --> 01:13:22,343
They say that, you know,
1111
01:13:22,427 --> 01:13:25,510
the students are saying
what they want to say
1112
01:13:25,594 --> 01:13:27,969
while she's guiding
the hand, so.
1113
01:13:28,219 --> 01:13:31,219
Did he participate in the class?
1114
01:13:31,468 --> 01:13:37,136
He did. She-- He--
She-- He-- I guess would--
1115
01:13:37,760 --> 01:13:39,179
I don't know
that I really believe
1116
01:13:39,219 --> 01:13:41,302
that that actually
happens but...
1117
01:13:41,427 --> 01:13:42,261
So--
1118
01:13:42,343 --> 01:13:43,844
So, he would...
he would-- She would,
1119
01:13:43,927 --> 01:13:48,136
you know, write whatever
it was that he wanted to say.
1120
01:13:48,385 --> 01:13:50,052
She'd raise her hand
and she'd read it.
1121
01:13:50,136 --> 01:13:52,094
He would never
have verbalized anything or--
1122
01:13:52,179 --> 01:13:53,552
As far as I know,
he can't talk.
1123
01:13:53,677 --> 01:13:54,760
Okay.
- Yeah.
1124
01:14:12,844 --> 01:14:15,177
I got a call
from my assistant saying that
1125
01:14:15,261 --> 01:14:18,427
the Special Victims Unit
in New Jersey was calling.
1126
01:14:20,552 --> 01:14:21,969
Asked me if I would be willing
1127
01:14:22,052 --> 01:14:24,179
to provide some assistance
as an expert.
1128
01:14:30,802 --> 01:14:34,343
As it was described to me,
I'd never encountered any case
1129
01:14:34,427 --> 01:14:37,343
that mirrored
these particular circumstances.
1130
01:14:37,510 --> 01:14:38,844
I had never seen
anything like it.
1131
01:14:45,094 --> 01:14:47,261
In this case,
the question to me was,
1132
01:14:47,343 --> 01:14:48,719
"Could you evaluate Derrick
1133
01:14:48,802 --> 01:14:51,427
to understand his best level
of communication?"
1134
01:14:54,052 --> 01:14:55,177
From everything that I read,
1135
01:14:55,261 --> 01:14:58,677
there was a consistency
to the extent of his disability,
1136
01:14:58,969 --> 01:15:00,886
but I went in with an open mind.
1137
01:15:01,802 --> 01:15:05,011
I met him when he was brought
to the prosecutor's office.
1138
01:15:05,219 --> 01:15:07,969
He was accompanied
by his brother and his mother.
1139
01:15:09,177 --> 01:15:11,552
I already knew
that he had no speech.
1140
01:15:12,594 --> 01:15:18,510
So, I proceeded to introduce
different types of materials
1141
01:15:18,635 --> 01:15:20,136
for him to indicate,
1142
01:15:20,177 --> 01:15:22,969
pictures, photographs
which are very realistic.
1143
01:15:23,844 --> 01:15:25,302
It was difficult for him,
1144
01:15:25,385 --> 01:15:28,052
you know, I really didn't get
very much from that.
1145
01:15:28,343 --> 01:15:30,510
And he was able
to pick up some objects,
1146
01:15:30,594 --> 01:15:31,510
but not when I said,
1147
01:15:31,594 --> 01:15:33,594
you know, "pick up the spoon
or pick up the cup."
1148
01:15:35,179 --> 01:15:37,802
I did an interview of his mother
1149
01:15:38,011 --> 01:15:40,343
based on everything
that she had observed
1150
01:15:40,427 --> 01:15:42,385
and she certainly
was a very good observer.
1151
01:15:42,468 --> 01:15:43,802
I found that he was, you know,
1152
01:15:43,886 --> 01:15:46,179
functioning
at a pretty low level.
1153
01:15:46,969 --> 01:15:49,635
His way of telling you
that he wanted something to eat
1154
01:15:49,719 --> 01:15:51,468
was he would scoot over
to the refrigerator
1155
01:15:51,552 --> 01:15:54,802
and tap on the refrigerator,
that's very functional.
1156
01:15:55,136 --> 01:15:56,427
But to move from that
1157
01:15:56,510 --> 01:15:58,635
to pointing to a picture
of the refrigerator,
1158
01:15:58,802 --> 01:16:00,760
that's a greater level
of abstraction.
1159
01:16:01,219 --> 01:16:04,260
And in all the years he had been
in these different programs,
1160
01:16:04,343 --> 01:16:06,343
he had never moved
from the physical
1161
01:16:06,468 --> 01:16:08,468
to that type of communication.
1162
01:16:13,635 --> 01:16:15,594
I spent two
or three hours with him.
1163
01:16:17,094 --> 01:16:20,260
He spent a lot of time
just moving around the room.
1164
01:16:20,343 --> 01:16:23,219
He liked coat hangers.
So if he saw a coat hanger,
1165
01:16:23,302 --> 01:16:25,552
he would go over,
and he recognized that.
1166
01:16:25,635 --> 01:16:27,302
He liked to slap them
on the floor.
1167
01:16:33,427 --> 01:16:35,594
So I just basically reported
what I found.
1168
01:16:52,635 --> 01:16:56,802
I made a determination
that what I was observing
1169
01:16:57,052 --> 01:17:00,719
was consistent with what
the medical record had indicated
1170
01:17:00,927 --> 01:17:03,844
for, you know,
over 20 years of his life.
1171
01:17:04,844 --> 01:17:07,136
There was no one in the 20 years
1172
01:17:07,177 --> 01:17:10,927
who saw some sparkling of,
you know, something different.
1173
01:18:51,635 --> 01:18:54,177
I was actually
looking forward to the trial
1174
01:18:54,260 --> 01:18:56,677
as finally
this nightmare is gonna be over.
1175
01:18:56,760 --> 01:19:00,552
I knew she was not guilty
of anything.
1176
01:19:06,427 --> 01:19:08,760
I'm not guilty
1177
01:19:08,844 --> 01:19:11,844
of what they were
accusing me of.
1178
01:19:12,677 --> 01:19:18,011
If the accusation is
I have some weird perversion
1179
01:19:18,094 --> 01:19:20,343
that makes me want
to molest helpless,
1180
01:19:20,427 --> 01:19:24,927
intellectually impaired people,
that's simply not the case.
1181
01:19:28,094 --> 01:19:31,510
This whole thing
is framed in terms of consent
1182
01:19:31,594 --> 01:19:33,179
and his ability to consent
1183
01:19:33,260 --> 01:19:35,719
because I'm the one
who's accused of assault.
1184
01:19:36,177 --> 01:19:39,427
It's all... As if it was all
coming from me,
1185
01:19:39,510 --> 01:19:43,760
which is really not fair to him
because he seduced me,
1186
01:19:43,844 --> 01:19:45,969
and he deserves
some credit for that.
1187
01:19:46,677 --> 01:19:49,719
Here's this guy
who is so physically impaired
1188
01:19:49,802 --> 01:19:53,094
and he...
1189
01:19:53,179 --> 01:19:56,260
...got me to fall in love with
him and with his words.
1190
01:20:10,052 --> 01:20:11,635
The judge kept
taking things away
1191
01:20:11,719 --> 01:20:14,136
and taking things away
in terms of evidence.
1192
01:20:14,802 --> 01:20:17,760
I knew that DMan was the author
of what he typed.
1193
01:20:17,844 --> 01:20:21,552
I wasn't influencing him,
but at the end of the day,
1194
01:20:21,677 --> 01:20:24,094
I didn't have anything
except my word for that.
1195
01:20:30,052 --> 01:20:32,594
There was a morning
the prosecutor said
1196
01:20:32,677 --> 01:20:35,052
we're gonna bring DMan
into the courtroom.
1197
01:20:36,510 --> 01:20:39,427
It was Daisy
who walked him in.
1198
01:20:41,136 --> 01:20:45,969
I had to say who he was
and, you know, I was his mother.
1199
01:20:46,094 --> 01:20:50,052
And the fact that he could not
walk by himself independently,
1200
01:20:50,343 --> 01:20:53,677
I just walked him
in front of the judge
1201
01:20:53,760 --> 01:20:55,719
and then around
by the jury stand.
1202
01:20:57,052 --> 01:20:58,844
It was horrifying to me
1203
01:20:59,844 --> 01:21:03,886
that a human being had been
basically made an exhibit.
1204
01:21:05,385 --> 01:21:06,886
I know with DMan
1205
01:21:06,969 --> 01:21:08,969
there are ways
of walking with him
1206
01:21:09,343 --> 01:21:12,094
in which he looks
less handicapped.
1207
01:21:12,302 --> 01:21:14,177
And his mother walked DMan
1208
01:21:14,343 --> 01:21:17,594
in a way that made him look
as handicapped
1209
01:21:18,052 --> 01:21:21,927
and incapable
as one could possibly manage.
1210
01:21:22,219 --> 01:21:24,302
She turned around again
and she turned--
1211
01:21:24,385 --> 01:21:27,719
Always putting her body
in between him and me.
1212
01:21:27,802 --> 01:21:30,302
And walked him out.
1213
01:22:36,052 --> 01:22:37,343
What we didn't have on the jury
1214
01:22:37,427 --> 01:22:40,886
was anyone with significant
physical disabilities,
1215
01:22:41,052 --> 01:22:42,468
or, you know, that understanding
1216
01:22:42,552 --> 01:22:45,385
of a disability rights
perspective on the whole case.
1217
01:22:47,468 --> 01:22:48,594
At the end of the day,
1218
01:22:48,677 --> 01:22:52,886
it was just be myself
and tell my story,
1219
01:22:52,969 --> 01:22:57,260
and hopefully the jury
would see that guy over there
1220
01:22:57,427 --> 01:22:59,510
is this wonderful,
intelligent man
1221
01:22:59,594 --> 01:23:01,260
who I was in love with.
1222
01:23:17,218 --> 01:23:19,136
I wouldn't have fallen
in love with him
1223
01:23:19,177 --> 01:23:21,969
if he was somebody
that wasn't capable of consent.
1224
01:23:23,094 --> 01:23:24,760
I wouldn't have fallen
in love with him
1225
01:23:24,844 --> 01:23:26,886
if he wasn't interested
in reading books
1226
01:23:26,969 --> 01:23:28,677
and talking about ideas.
1227
01:23:29,218 --> 01:23:32,136
If somebody has an interesting
engaging mind,
1228
01:23:32,218 --> 01:23:34,468
and a good heart,
and a beautiful soul,
1229
01:23:34,635 --> 01:23:36,927
it shows through,
and you love the person,
1230
01:23:37,011 --> 01:23:38,927
and so you love
being close to them,
1231
01:23:39,011 --> 01:23:40,343
and you love the body
that they're in
1232
01:23:40,427 --> 01:23:42,594
because that's the body
that they have.
1233
01:23:59,468 --> 01:24:00,635
Was there any moment,
1234
01:24:00,844 --> 01:24:03,260
either during your time
with Derrick,
1235
01:24:03,635 --> 01:24:06,844
or during the trial, or now,
where you had doubts
1236
01:24:06,927 --> 01:24:08,635
about what might have occurred
between you two?
1237
01:24:08,969 --> 01:24:09,802
Never.
1238
01:24:23,552 --> 01:24:24,844
Her attorney came
1239
01:24:24,927 --> 01:24:27,927
and he was making me
to be the villain,
1240
01:24:28,969 --> 01:24:31,385
and he said,
"Well, how do you feel
1241
01:24:31,927 --> 01:24:34,719
about her being his lover?"
1242
01:24:34,844 --> 01:24:38,427
I said, "No."
I said, "She's not his lover."
1243
01:24:41,427 --> 01:24:44,677
This whore done
laid down, raped my son,
1244
01:24:44,802 --> 01:24:48,552
and I had to compose
myself because...
1245
01:24:52,179 --> 01:24:53,802
that's my son.
1246
01:24:58,302 --> 01:25:02,177
Days and nights, I walked
through hospital corridors
1247
01:25:02,844 --> 01:25:05,179
not knowing what was wrong
with my son.
1248
01:25:05,302 --> 01:25:07,677
Not knowing
his medical condition.
1249
01:25:07,927 --> 01:25:09,468
Him having seizures.
1250
01:25:09,969 --> 01:25:13,427
And for that moment,
I almost lost him.
1251
01:25:15,552 --> 01:25:16,552
I did.
1252
01:25:18,052 --> 01:25:19,552
I really did.
1253
01:25:22,802 --> 01:25:24,886
Because who does that?
1254
01:25:28,427 --> 01:25:30,385
Who does that?
1255
01:25:33,094 --> 01:25:34,886
And then go criticize me...
1256
01:25:38,218 --> 01:25:42,677
make me look like I'm nobody.
I don't understand.
1257
01:25:44,594 --> 01:25:45,635
Who does that?
1258
01:25:51,343 --> 01:25:53,011
I don't think that
1259
01:25:53,302 --> 01:25:55,760
Anna Stubblefield
truly recognized
1260
01:25:55,844 --> 01:26:00,260
how she devalued my brother
and also devalued my family.
1261
01:26:01,927 --> 01:26:03,385
It's one thing to...
1262
01:26:06,011 --> 01:26:08,927
hear Anna Stubblefield say,
"Derrick and I love each other."
1263
01:26:09,510 --> 01:26:10,677
Just like...
1264
01:26:11,760 --> 01:26:15,886
But as the details of what
actually transpired unfold
1265
01:26:15,969 --> 01:26:20,177
that she was in her office,
she had this mat on the floor,
1266
01:26:20,468 --> 01:26:23,177
and then you recall
that moment or that day
1267
01:26:23,260 --> 01:26:25,343
where I was changing
Derrick's diaper
1268
01:26:25,427 --> 01:26:27,802
and I saw these abrasions
on his back.
1269
01:26:29,136 --> 01:26:31,844
Strawberries, like somebody's
dragging you across the floor.
1270
01:26:32,844 --> 01:26:34,886
And we couldn't figure out
1271
01:26:34,969 --> 01:26:36,844
where the heck
these things came from.
1272
01:26:37,302 --> 01:26:39,719
We called the school.
"Did Derrick fall down?"
1273
01:26:39,802 --> 01:26:41,094
"Did something happen
at the school?"
1274
01:26:41,179 --> 01:26:42,302
"Did somebody hit my brother?"
1275
01:26:42,385 --> 01:26:43,635
And they're like,
"No, there was no--"
1276
01:26:43,719 --> 01:26:44,927
"Nothing happened.
We don't know."
1277
01:26:45,052 --> 01:26:46,427
Prosecutor was trying
to figure out what happened
1278
01:26:46,510 --> 01:26:47,802
and the story comes out, "Oh,
1279
01:26:47,927 --> 01:26:49,635
something happened
in the office."
1280
01:26:50,510 --> 01:26:52,218
And I mean, this woman,
1281
01:26:52,594 --> 01:26:54,635
140, 150 pounds-- I don't know
how much she weighs,
1282
01:26:54,719 --> 01:26:56,719
but she's much heavier than him.
1283
01:26:57,052 --> 01:26:59,179
Derrick is light,
he's five-three, five-four.
1284
01:26:59,343 --> 01:27:02,094
And she was exerting
so much force on him
1285
01:27:02,179 --> 01:27:05,510
that his back was being
drug across this mat
1286
01:27:05,594 --> 01:27:07,260
and it was leaving scars.
1287
01:27:26,552 --> 01:27:28,927
That woman did not give
a damn about my brother.
1288
01:27:39,343 --> 01:27:42,052
I didn't think
I was gonna be convicted,
1289
01:27:42,179 --> 01:27:44,136
but I wear contacts,
1290
01:27:44,218 --> 01:27:47,218
and that morning
when the jury came back,
1291
01:27:47,844 --> 01:27:52,177
I did put my glasses
in my purse.
1292
01:27:52,719 --> 01:27:55,136
It was my one
little concession to,
1293
01:27:55,468 --> 01:27:59,179
if I ended up in prison,
I needed my glasses.
1294
01:28:01,802 --> 01:28:06,052
I think by the time
the verdict actually came...
1295
01:28:07,760 --> 01:28:09,343
I was expecting it.
1296
01:28:12,677 --> 01:28:15,343
When the jury
read the conviction,
1297
01:28:15,552 --> 01:28:18,427
I started saying out loud
to the judge just, you know,
1298
01:28:18,510 --> 01:28:20,760
"Please, let me take care
of my daughter," you know,
1299
01:28:20,844 --> 01:28:23,677
"Just please, let me
take care of my daughter."
1300
01:29:00,343 --> 01:29:04,635
Never doubted her.
No, not for an instant.
1301
01:29:06,468 --> 01:29:10,802
I mean, I watched her interact
with people her whole life
1302
01:29:11,552 --> 01:29:12,760
and she is...
1303
01:29:16,552 --> 01:29:19,218
as compassionate a person
as I've ever known.
1304
01:29:20,969 --> 01:29:24,760
And there's no way-- I mean,
she's never harmed anybody.
1305
01:29:26,385 --> 01:29:29,385
And there's certainly no way
she would've harmed DMan.
1306
01:29:30,468 --> 01:29:33,760
Do you think
she believed that he was typing?
1307
01:29:34,510 --> 01:29:38,844
Yeah, in her wicked mind.
In her wicked mind.
1308
01:29:52,594 --> 01:29:55,177
The State versus
Marjorie Anna Stubblefield,
1309
01:29:55,260 --> 01:29:58,427
indictment number 13-1-44.
1310
01:29:59,343 --> 01:30:00,760
We are here today
for the sentencing
1311
01:30:00,844 --> 01:30:02,468
of Marjorie Anna Stubblefield.
1312
01:30:06,011 --> 01:30:06,927
Yes, Your Honor.
1313
01:30:07,011 --> 01:30:08,178
The victim's brother,
John Johnson,
1314
01:30:08,385 --> 01:30:09,385
would like to address the court.
1315
01:30:09,552 --> 01:30:10,844
His mother would like
to approach
1316
01:30:10,927 --> 01:30:13,011
and stand with him
while he addresses the court.
1317
01:30:13,094 --> 01:30:14,011
That's fine.
1318
01:30:18,302 --> 01:30:19,385
Good afternoon,
Your Honor.
1319
01:30:19,760 --> 01:30:21,760
Good afternoon.
1320
01:30:22,136 --> 01:30:23,927
"Thirty-four years ago,
a doctor said
1321
01:30:24,011 --> 01:30:26,468
my brother would not live
to see his third birthday."
1322
01:30:27,136 --> 01:30:29,969
"Those doctors
and the devil are liars."
1323
01:30:30,552 --> 01:30:31,594
"My brother, since then,
1324
01:30:31,677 --> 01:30:33,427
has grown to become
a loving person."
1325
01:30:34,136 --> 01:30:37,052
"He is a beautiful brother,
and he is a beautiful son."
1326
01:30:37,969 --> 01:30:39,178
"I don't think Anna understood
1327
01:30:39,218 --> 01:30:41,260
the depth of pain
she caused my family."
1328
01:30:41,510 --> 01:30:43,969
"She tried to lay claim to him
and rename him."
1329
01:30:45,136 --> 01:30:47,136
"She tried to supplant
Derrick's life."
1330
01:30:47,635 --> 01:30:49,011
"A life steeped..."
1331
01:30:55,552 --> 01:30:56,635
Take your time.
1332
01:30:56,719 --> 01:30:59,178
Take your time.
1333
01:31:00,385 --> 01:31:01,719
"A life steeped
in the history
1334
01:31:01,802 --> 01:31:03,510
and culture of his God-fearing,
1335
01:31:03,802 --> 01:31:06,635
Southern-rooted
African American family."
1336
01:31:07,178 --> 01:31:08,218
"She tried to supplant that
1337
01:31:08,302 --> 01:31:10,468
with some version of life
she thought was better."
1338
01:31:11,844 --> 01:31:13,844
"We need to disenchant ourselves
from the notion
1339
01:31:13,969 --> 01:31:16,427
that Anna Stubblefield
is some tragic shero."
1340
01:31:16,719 --> 01:31:19,927
"Anna is not Sandra Bullock
and this is not The Blind Side."
1341
01:31:20,176 --> 01:31:22,510
"Derrick is not some
poor Black kid from the ghetto
1342
01:31:22,594 --> 01:31:24,260
that needs someone to save him."
1343
01:31:25,427 --> 01:31:28,343
"An able-bodied woman
raped a disabled young man
1344
01:31:28,594 --> 01:31:32,011
that could not consent to sex.
You were wrong, Anna."
1345
01:31:32,094 --> 01:31:34,760
"You committed a crime,
there is no gray area."
1346
01:31:35,052 --> 01:31:36,176
"In closing, thank you,
Your Honor,
1347
01:31:36,260 --> 01:31:38,343
for helping bring this ordeal
to a close."
1348
01:31:45,635 --> 01:31:47,176
I have read
and received letters
1349
01:31:47,260 --> 01:31:49,677
from the former husband
of the defendant
1350
01:31:49,760 --> 01:31:53,677
who wrote a very compelling
impact statement.
1351
01:31:54,594 --> 01:31:57,052
"I believe that Anna
is a pathological liar
1352
01:31:57,136 --> 01:31:58,176
and narcissist."
1353
01:31:58,343 --> 01:31:59,635
"She will stop at nothing
1354
01:31:59,719 --> 01:32:02,176
to fool the court
and seek vindication
1355
01:32:02,260 --> 01:32:05,343
regardless of the emotional
and financial expense
1356
01:32:05,635 --> 01:32:08,760
to her family
or the primary victim's family."
1357
01:32:09,011 --> 01:32:10,468
"Clearly I am distraught,
1358
01:32:10,719 --> 01:32:13,510
but this, and the impact
on my immediate family,
1359
01:32:13,677 --> 01:32:15,635
I leave it to the wisdom
of the court
1360
01:32:15,719 --> 01:32:17,552
to determine a just sentence."
1361
01:32:20,719 --> 01:32:22,218
Miss Stubblefield, please stand.
1362
01:32:28,011 --> 01:32:29,635
As to count one,
1363
01:32:30,052 --> 01:32:32,343
first-degree
aggravated sexual assault
1364
01:32:32,427 --> 01:32:34,260
where the victim
was physically helpless
1365
01:32:34,343 --> 01:32:36,176
or mentally incapacitated,
1366
01:32:36,886 --> 01:32:40,302
I sentence you to 12 years
in New Jersey State Prison.
1367
01:32:40,969 --> 01:32:42,011
As to count two,
1368
01:32:42,510 --> 01:32:45,760
I sentence you to 12 years
New Jersey State Prison
1369
01:32:45,844 --> 01:32:47,719
concurrent with count one.
1370
01:32:48,468 --> 01:32:50,343
After you are released
from prison,
1371
01:32:50,427 --> 01:32:52,886
you are placed on parole
supervision for life.
1372
01:33:20,052 --> 01:33:21,927
I never thought
that she was a predator.
1373
01:33:23,886 --> 01:33:26,343
She truly believed
that what she was doing
1374
01:33:26,427 --> 01:33:28,844
was in Derrick's best interest.
1375
01:33:29,760 --> 01:33:32,635
She thought
that he deserves the opportunity
1376
01:33:32,760 --> 01:33:34,302
to have a life outside of,
1377
01:33:34,594 --> 01:33:36,136
you know,
living with his mother.
1378
01:33:37,178 --> 01:33:39,343
But I think that given
what I observed
1379
01:33:39,427 --> 01:33:41,594
and what I learned
from his record,
1380
01:33:41,927 --> 01:33:44,635
I think that it would have been
a false life with Anna.
1381
01:33:46,802 --> 01:33:49,468
I think that
she was a unfortunate victim
1382
01:33:49,552 --> 01:33:53,094
of a methodology
that's very problematic.
1383
01:33:55,218 --> 01:33:57,635
However she interpreted
what was going on
1384
01:33:57,719 --> 01:34:00,302
and whether she actually had
those conversations with him,
1385
01:34:00,510 --> 01:34:03,136
I don't know. But she--
You know, from my perspective,
1386
01:34:03,176 --> 01:34:05,052
she was having
conversations with herself.
1387
01:34:06,886 --> 01:34:09,677
And, you know, I mean...
1388
01:34:09,760 --> 01:34:11,260
...I don't know
where do you even go with that.
1389
01:35:12,760 --> 01:35:15,552
When I first
came out of prison,
1390
01:35:15,635 --> 01:35:17,677
I managed to pick up
a waitressing job,
1391
01:35:17,760 --> 01:35:19,927
and then there was some
publicity around
1392
01:35:20,094 --> 01:35:22,302
when I did the plea bargain
and I was sentenced in
1393
01:35:22,385 --> 01:35:24,510
and one of their customers
complained
1394
01:35:24,594 --> 01:35:26,094
and so they let me go.
1395
01:35:26,927 --> 01:35:31,677
So I was doing that kind
of thing for the first year,
1396
01:35:32,343 --> 01:35:34,427
and then-- Well, I do have,
1397
01:35:34,927 --> 01:35:38,468
you know, what's now,
kind of part-time work.
1398
01:35:38,552 --> 01:35:41,176
I'm working at home,
nobody knows me,
1399
01:35:41,677 --> 01:35:44,719
and so, you know, that's okay.
1400
01:35:44,802 --> 01:35:46,760
But it's, you know,
it's not teaching.
1401
01:35:48,178 --> 01:35:50,886
That was my whole identity.
That was everything.
1402
01:35:58,176 --> 01:36:01,635
I don't know what DMan's life
is like now.
1403
01:36:03,343 --> 01:36:05,011
As far as his mother
and brother,
1404
01:36:05,136 --> 01:36:07,552
I think they had
to really decide
1405
01:36:07,844 --> 01:36:10,969
that he wasn't intelligent,
and he wasn't typing,
1406
01:36:11,052 --> 01:36:13,385
and it was all a fraud
and a hoax.
1407
01:36:15,260 --> 01:36:16,510
A friend of mine
1408
01:36:16,594 --> 01:36:18,343
who is another--
Who's somebody else
1409
01:36:18,427 --> 01:36:20,552
who uses facilitated
communication who...
1410
01:36:20,635 --> 01:36:22,635
who'd knew DMan
and was friends with DMan.
1411
01:36:22,719 --> 01:36:25,468
And he said, "Look, I--
1412
01:36:25,760 --> 01:36:28,552
If I was DMan,
I would rather have,
1413
01:36:29,802 --> 01:36:33,552
you know, had the relationship
with you and lost it
1414
01:36:33,635 --> 01:36:36,136
than never to have had it
in the first place."
1415
01:36:36,802 --> 01:36:39,886
So I hope that he's right,
you know.
1416
01:36:40,969 --> 01:36:43,178
But... yeah.
1417
01:36:55,927 --> 01:36:58,552
People don't think
that there was damage done.
1418
01:36:58,677 --> 01:36:59,635
Yes, there was.
1419
01:37:01,260 --> 01:37:03,552
And it's still going on.
1420
01:37:05,052 --> 01:37:06,844
I had to put him on medication.
1421
01:37:08,176 --> 01:37:09,427
Because he...
1422
01:37:11,011 --> 01:37:12,218
masturbates.
1423
01:37:14,052 --> 01:37:15,468
He has this urge
1424
01:37:15,552 --> 01:37:18,427
and, you know, it's like a itch
that he can't scratch.
1425
01:37:18,927 --> 01:37:22,886
And it's hard enough
to give him a life
1426
01:37:23,427 --> 01:37:25,302
without him going through that.
1427
01:37:26,218 --> 01:37:27,635
And she did that.
1428
01:37:29,677 --> 01:37:33,510
Because if you don't ever strike
that match or do whatever,
1429
01:37:33,594 --> 01:37:34,927
how will you ever know?
1430
01:37:41,136 --> 01:37:44,094
Showing all your muscles, huh?
You good?
1431
01:37:46,427 --> 01:37:47,343
Ready?
1432
01:37:49,176 --> 01:37:51,343
One of the tough things
about this whole process
1433
01:37:51,427 --> 01:37:53,802
is that there was this idea
1434
01:37:53,927 --> 01:37:57,094
that, "Oh, he can do
all these wonderful things."
1435
01:38:00,260 --> 01:38:02,135
And then to have to--
1436
01:38:02,510 --> 01:38:04,594
Looking at everything
that was taking place
1437
01:38:04,677 --> 01:38:07,178
then say, "But he can't."
1438
01:38:08,094 --> 01:38:09,510
You gotta walk like...
1439
01:38:11,468 --> 01:38:12,302
All right.
1440
01:38:13,760 --> 01:38:15,011
In a sense, I kind of felt
1441
01:38:15,094 --> 01:38:17,011
as though
I was diminishing his value,
1442
01:38:17,135 --> 01:38:18,260
you know, Derrick can't do that.
1443
01:38:18,385 --> 01:38:21,260
...pick 'em up and put 'em down.
Pick 'em up.
1444
01:38:22,343 --> 01:38:25,886
Going through that process
of having to recognize that,
1445
01:38:26,011 --> 01:38:29,385
"Damn, he is really disabled."
And that's fine.
1446
01:38:30,760 --> 01:38:33,635
He can't do all other things
that other people can do
1447
01:38:33,719 --> 01:38:35,468
and that's perfectly fine
1448
01:38:35,552 --> 01:38:37,385
because we're gonna
be all right, regardless.
1449
01:38:39,135 --> 01:38:41,927
Okay.
1450
01:38:43,802 --> 01:38:45,802
Oh, you're gonna
show 'em that smile?
1451
01:38:47,510 --> 01:38:49,385
Yeah, say, "Here I am!"
1452
01:38:50,176 --> 01:38:52,760
Did psychiatrists determine
1453
01:38:52,844 --> 01:38:55,343
that Derrick
was deemed incapable
1454
01:38:55,510 --> 01:38:58,176
and incompetent
of taking care of himself?
1455
01:38:58,343 --> 01:38:59,802
Well, I knew.
1456
01:39:01,677 --> 01:39:02,635
I knew.
1457
01:39:03,260 --> 01:39:08,176
And knowing, and accepting it,
and just embrace him.
1458
01:39:08,260 --> 01:39:11,260
Just love him for who he is.
1459
01:39:12,176 --> 01:39:14,385
No matter what or how...
1460
01:39:16,427 --> 01:39:18,886
strong he gets,
he's still my child.
1461
01:39:19,052 --> 01:39:22,427
He will always have
that younger mindset.
1462
01:39:22,802 --> 01:39:25,094
And I-- You know,
he is 40 years old
1463
01:39:26,011 --> 01:39:28,594
and that's where we are.
1464
01:39:38,510 --> 01:39:42,135
You good?
1465
01:39:42,176 --> 01:39:45,427
And I don't love him no less,
and I don't love him no more.
1466
01:39:45,677 --> 01:39:50,635
He is my baby.
He is my baby.
115586
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