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Hello and welcome to Global Eye
from the BBC World Service.

Each week we bring you the best
of our journalism,

from investigations
with global impact

to stories of hope and resilience.

I'm Kurumi Mori
and I'm in Japan's capital, Tokyo.

Coming up on the programme,

we'll bring you the story
of one woman's search

for justice
as she tries to find the men

who abused her in a secret prison
in Russian-occupied Ukraine.

I'll be exploring the tensions

rising here as the country
confronts the challenge

of an ageing population.

Is what some call a stealth
immigration policy

creating a new and divided Japan?

And we'll meet the woman who bucked
the trend of youth unemployment

in Turkey by getting behind
the wheel of a truck.

But first this week,
we're taking you to Ukraine.

Since Russia first occupied
parts of the country in 2014,

before launching its
full-scale invasion in 2022,

thousands of Ukrainian civilians
have been illegally detained

in Russian-run prisons
and detention centres,

some held for years.
Many have endured torture

and conflict-related
sexual violence,

including Liudmyla Huseinova,
who was wrongly imprisoned

in the notorious Izolyatsia
facility in Donetsk.

BBC Eye spent months identifying
the men who likely jailed

and abused her
and found them living freely.

This film follows Liudmyla's
search for justice

and exposes the massive scale of
the Russian-run detention network.

Since 2014, when Russia
occupied parts of Ukraine,

escalating with
the full-scale invasion in 2022,

thousands of Ukrainian civilians
have been held illegally,

some for years
in Russian-run detention centres.

Many were subjected to torture
and conflict-related

sexual violence, like Liudmyla.

Since she was freed,

Liudmyla has been renting a flat
in Kyiv with her husband.

The Russians occupied her home town
of Novoazovsk in 2014.

Later, when she was detained,
Liudmyla lost almost everything.

The men who arrested Liudmyla
in October 2019 were from the MGB,

the pro-Russian
Ministry of State security

of the occupied parts
of the Donetsk region.

Liudmyla thinks a flag
she cherished,

given to her by Ukrainian
soldiers for her support,

was the catalyst for her arrest.

A factory turned art gallery

Izolyatsia was taken over
by Russian-backed forces in 2014.

EXPLOSION

Since then, only a few
leaked images provide glimpses

of what Izolyatsia became - a huge
detention facility where an unknown

number of Ukrainians
are still held at any one time.

Two weeks later, she was taken
from her cell to the second floor.

Liudmyla's arresting officer
Temerbek was there again,

accompanied by a man with
a Russian accent called Koval.

Liudmyla says she was
sexually assaulted by Koval.

Liudmyla struggles to eat normally
after her ordeal in detention.

One reason is an incident
with a senior guard called Yermak.

Liudmyla was forced to eat uncooked
food mixed with soil and garbage.

As part of an exchange
of Russian prisoners of war

for Ukrainian female prisoners,
Liudmyla was freed in October 2022.

To find Liudmyla's alleged abusers,

BBC Eye worked with Bohdan
Kosokhatko, an investigator who uses

open sources known as OSINT.

This assignment builds
on work he's done

with investigative organisation
Truth Hounds.

We asked him to research
the evidence

against the men Liudmyla accuses.

Using leaked data in social media,

Bohdan has found the man
Liudmyla thinks arrested her

and was present
when she was sexually assaulted.

He was a traffic policeman
before the occupation.

He studied Ukrainian language
at university

and had sworn allegiance to
the Ukrainian state as a policeman.

But the Ukrainian
authorities accused him

of abandoning this oath
to join the MGB -

Ministry of State security
for the pro-Russian administration.

He's married with a daughter
and grandchild.

Bohdan has not managed
to identify Koval,

the man with the Russian accent
who sexually assaulted Liudmyla.

He thinks he was operating
under a false identity...

...common practice for FSB
in Ukrainian-occupied territory,

but this can't be confirmed.

Bohdan moves on to Yermak,
the senior guard

who Liudmyla says
made her eat garbage.

Liudmyla heard his voice many times
but never saw his face.

Yermak has been exposed
by journalists already

as a guard in Izolyatsia.
It's not clear

whether he's working there today,
but still lives in the area.

The photos of him
and his family here on holiday

in occupied Crimea show
him apparently enjoying life.

The BBC contacted them
with these allegations,

but they did not reply.

BBC Eye was able to verify
that there

are over 93 detention centres
in occupied Ukraine,

used for civilians
and prisoners of war,

and around 102 in Russian
territories.

According to
the Ukrainians' Parliamentary

Commissioner for Human Rights,

more than 16,000 Ukrainian
civilians

are currently detained
or have disappeared.

Liudmyla has a chance
of her case going

to trial at
the European Court of Human Rights.

But what Ukrainians really want is
a Ukrainian Nuremberg.

You can watch the full length
version of Ukraine Survivors:

Finding My Abusers on BBC iPlayer

or the BBC World Service YouTube
channel.

A soaring minaret,
a magnificent dome,

intricate Islamic architecture.

It's the kind of view more commonly
associated

with Istanbul than Japan's
capital.

But Tokyo Camii,
Japan's largest mosque,

is a striking landmark and, to many,
an unexpected one.

Today, it's also a symbol

of a Muslim
community that's becoming

increasingly visible across
the country.

Japan's Muslim population
has more than tripled since 2010,

but even as a growing demographic,

Muslims only make up around 0.3%
of the country's population.

And yet, some people here
in Japan worry

that unfamiliar Islamic customs
could disrupt

the established social fabric.

This laid back seaside city
of Fujisawa seems like

an unlikely place
for heated protest.

But earlier this year,

thousands took to the streets
to object to

the proposed construction of
the city's first mosque.

You can see next to me is
the intended site.

Some argue
that a mosque much larger than

the nearby Japanese Shinto
shrine is disrespectful.

Anti-immigrant rallies
like this reflect

a broader anxiety among
some Japanese that a rising

immigrant population is changing
the country's social make-up.

At the same time,
misinformation and hate speech

are also spreading on
Japanese social media,

and local reports say
mosques have been receiving

abusive phone calls and emails,

some of which have
prompted residents

to come out
for no-hate demonstrations.

Then there are some who are still
undecided

over the construction of
the mosque.

The debate comes as Japan grapples.
with a difficult reality.

With one of the world's
highest life expectancies

but among the lowest
fertility rates,

Japan's working-age population
has been shrinking for decades.

The immigration policy
has been restrictive,

but for years the country has
brought in foreign workers framed

as temporary labour to fill the gap,

something critics describe
as a stealth immigration system.

Here in Oizumi,
in the northern Kanto region,

around one in five residents is a
foreign national,

offering a glimpse
into Japan's growing diversity.

Since the early 1990s, Oizumi
has been known as Little Brazil.

It's attracted thousands of foreign
workers and their families,

becoming one of the
most established,

multicultural and integrated
communities in the country.

The neighbourhood is lined

with Brazilian supermarkets
like this one.

The shelves are stocked with a wide
range of foods,

from Brazilian drinks and cheese
bread

to Peruvian snacks and
Vietnamese noodles.

Home to major manufacturing
plants operated

by companies including
Subaru and Panasonic,

Oizumi has long relied
on foreign workers

to help meet the demand for labour,

and you can see evidence of
that everywhere.

The local railway station has signs
displayed in six languages.

As Japan looks beyond its borders
to fill gaps in the workforce,

the demographic changes
seen in Oizumi

are becoming increasingly
visible elsewhere.

I can remember Tokyo 15, 20 years
ago.

The vast majority of ramen workers
and chefs were Japanese,

but now it's not uncommon to see
a non-Japanese behind the counter.

27-year-old Suraj, from Nepal,

has been working
at this ramen restaurant

in the heart of the city
for the past year.

He says he enjoys living and working

in Japan so much he wants
to stay here permanently.

So I think for me, Japan is
the best country to make a future.

How long do you think you'll be
in Japan?

I want to work for my entire life.

It's so beautiful and so
easy for me.

From the streets of Fujisawa to

the factories of Oizumi
and the bustling streets of Tokyo,

a picture emerges of a country
in transition.

As Japan becomes increasingly
reliant on foreign workers,

a broader question remains -

can the country embrace greater
diversity

while preserving its
strict immigration system,

social cohesion
and sense of identity

that has so long defined
what it means to be Japanese?

While here in Japan, low birth rates
and an ageing population

are creating labour shortages,

5,000 miles away in Turkey,

the challenge is almost the reverse.

A large and growing working-age
population

is intensifying competition
for jobs,

particularly among younger people.

Turkey has one of the highest

youth unemployment rates in the G20,
and for young women,

the rate is even higher.

Over a fifth of young women
in Turkey are out of work.

After graduating, Basak Guvercin
and couldn't find a job,

so decided to follow in her father's
footsteps

and get behind the wheel
of a truck.

BBC Turkish hitched a ride with her
to find out how she handles working

in an industry where women make
up just 1% of the drivers.

Thanks for joining me in Japan.

We want your feedback on Global Eye.

So let us know what you think on
social media

using the hashtag #bbcglobaleye.

Next week we'll be reporting
from Iran.

Goodbye.