All language subtitles for BBC.Storyville.2017.Silk.Road.Drugs.Death.and.the.Dark.Web.720p.HDTV.x264.AAC.MVGroup.org.eng

This programme contains
some strong language.

My name is Jared Der-Yeghiayan.

I'm a special agent with Homeland
Security Investigations Division.

I'm assigned to Chicago O'Hare
International Airport.

We have canines that run past
the mail and smell for drugs.

The officers noticed
an unusual amount of drugs

coming in letter-class mail.

It was ecstasy pills,
MDMA in powder form,

cocaine, LSD, heroin.

A few seizures
became 50 seizures per month.

And then became
100 seizures per month.

And then a few hundred seizures
per month.

I conducted my first interview
of a recipient...

..and he told me immediately that it
was from a website called Silk Road.

WOMAN REPORTER: It has been 40 years
since President Nixon

declared a war on drugs.

Now, a high-profile panel says
that war is unwinnable and that...

The Silk Road was a new kind
of black market

that the internet
had never seen before.

WOMAN REPORTER: ..opiates up 34.5%.

Cocaine use up 27%.

And marijuana use up 8.5%.

That's according to...

Silk Road was the first big
"fuck you" to the war on drugs.

MALE REPORTER:
The website sells illegal drugs

to anyone who is willing to pay.

As our team investigator Michael
George uncovered,

people who run the site
stand by what they're doing.

WOMAN: Silk Road had 20,000
new users every single month.

MAN: Afghani heroin,
ketamine, steroids,

Xanax, Klonopin, Valium...

you could pretty much buy anything.

And you wouldn't have to
even leave the comfort of your home

to obtain it.

MAN: It was clear
there was one person

at the helm of this organisation.

MAN: He was more
than a drug dealer.

WOMAN: He was a genius,
in my opinion.

MAN: The alleged mastermind goes by
the nickname Dread Pirate Roberts.

VOICE ECHOES: Dread Pirate Roberts.
Dread Pirate Roberts.

MAN: Every transaction
was meant to be a blow

against the whole idea
of government.

MAN: He made Silk Road.

From that day,
you have a target on your back.

MAN: I am the head of
the organisation of distributors

that manufactured drugs
and ran on Silk Road.

MAN: The first time I had ever heard
about Silk Road,

one of my friends came up to me
and he was like,

"Hey, man, there's this website
where you can buy drugs on

"and you can sell drugs on it."
And I was like, "What?!"

There was the menu on the left,

which shows all the drugs that you
could purchase by category,

whether it be a dissociative,
an upper, a downer.

It was all there.

And it was like
going on Amazon or on eBay

and seeing your top
recently-looked-at items,

except that this was cocaine and DMT

and all the other elusive drugs,

that you could never have
before in your life,

just right in front of you.

All you had to do was click twice

and it'd show up at your doorstep
a couple of days later.

It's like...perfect.

To become a vendor was very simple.

All you have to do
is click on "become a vendor"

in the bottom right-hand corner

and it would easily make you
a vendor.

Marketing and customer service
were number one.

Everything was shot in a studio with
professional lighting

and you got a product
that matched that.

In order to sell LSD,

you'd get some kind of
lawyering papers, doctor papers,

any kind of paperwork that,

when somebody sees a lot of,
they want to avoid.

And then it would just be a
matter of figuring out a way

to conceal it in the envelope
in a way that they won't see.

We would get a product,
such as Dove chocolates,

open it up, put it into
the Dove chocolate packaging,

close it up
and then we had shrink-wrap sealers,

so the product looks like it's been
factory closed and never opened.

I just don't know what ended up
in law enforcement's hands,

how much of it, when.

You can't worry about
things like that.

This whole business is built on
who's got the balls

to disregard that information
and make the money.

MAN: I remember the day
I got the call.

In late February 2013...

PHONE BUZZES
..my boss told me that Silk Road

was a website
that operated on this dark net

that made it hard to locate
where the site was

or track any of the customers.

PHONE BUZZES

That it was the Amazon of drugs.

That you could buy any drug
you wanted.

And the scale was worldwide.

In cases like this,

IRS Criminal Investigation
are a lot of times brought in

because we're financial experts
at tracking money

and most crimes
are about the money.

I had studied accounting
when I was at college.

I worked as an auditor

and then I became a special agent.

I hadn't, up to this point,

done any kind of work
in the drug-trafficking field.

My first day on the investigation,

the first thing was introducing
myself to say,

"Hey, I'm the new agent and what
do you know about this Silk Road?"

For the most part, to a man,
they hated the case.

I get the undercover laptop,

we power up the site
and I am dumbfounded.

I had heard about it,
people had told me about it,

but until you actually got
to the site

and just saw how
professionally it was done

and how easy it was to get to
the site, it really was
amazing.

MAN: For a normal person
to purchase on Silk Road,

they were first required to download
a special browser,

which would allow them access
onto the dark web.

MAN: The Silk Road really offered
two distinct protections to users.

One was Tor, and that's a tool
that anyone can download.

It triple encrypts your traffic as
you're browsing the web

and then bounces it through
three different servers

all around the globe.

AGENT ALFORD: So you couldn't locate

if you were using it
or administering the site.

But that does no good if you have
to buy the drugs with a credit card.

Because it wouldn't be too hard
for an investigator, like myself,

to track down
who made this purchase.

So the site specifically only
authorised bitcoin transactions.

The second protection was bitcoin,
of course.

Bitcoin is a digital currency.

It's independent
of any bank or government,

unlike any currency that otherwise
exists in the physical world.

AGENT ALFORD: It works like cash
on the internet.

You can move it, but it doesn't have
to be associated with any name,

so it was used to make sure that
people couldn't trace the money.

ANDY GREENBERG:
What made the Silk Road unique

was that it had combined Tor
with bitcoin,

and I think that that's often how
real innovation works.

That combination, I think,

was really the spark
that changed the whole game.

AGENT ALFORD: Even though there were
numerous vendors...

..there was an overriding force
that controlled the site.

That's the person
that we want to target.

He would call himself
the Captain of the ship.

He originally was just called
Silk Road or Silk Road Admin.

But, at that time,
he took on a new alias or new name

and it was Dread Pirate Roberts.

I know who you are!
Your cruelty reveals everything!

You're the Dread Pirate Roberts,
admit it!

That name has significance because
it comes from this film and a novel

called The Princess Bride

and the Dread Pirate Roberts
is a title that's passed down

from one kind of noble criminal
to the next.

You seem a decent fellow.
I hate to kill you.

You seem a decent fellow.
I hate to die.

Begin.

DPR COMPUTER VOICE: You may be
shocked to find listings here

that are outlawed
in your jurisdiction.

That doesn't mean Silk Road
is lawless.

Our basic rules are to treat others
as you would wish to be treated.

Mind your own business

and don't do anything
to hurt or scam anyone else.

There are some things
you will never find here.

They include child pornography,
stolen goods and assassinations.

As a community...

..if we are going to survive,

we need to adopt a long-term vision.

It is my sincere hope that,

by making drugs available
in a secure and predictable way...

..we will eliminate the violence
of obtaining drugs

through traditional methods.

ANDY GREENBERG:
Silk Road users just loved it.

They called DPR
a Che Guevara figure,

changing the liberties of man.

DPR really believed,
and I think his users did, too,

that they were ushering in
this new era of human freedom.

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:
I searched long and hard

for the truth
about what is right and wrong.

About what is good for humanity.

All of a sudden, it was so clear.

Every action you take outside the
scope of government control

strengthens the market
and weakens the state.

I saw how quickly
the state would crumble

if it didn't have its tax revenues.

No soldiers if you can't pay them.

DPR COMPUTER VOICE CONTINUES:

We are like a little seed
in a big jungle

that has just broken the surface
of the forest floor.

It's a big, scary jungle
with lots of dangerous creatures...

..each honed, by evolution,

to survive in the hostile
environment known as human society.

There's two ways
to see the Silk Road.

You can see it as just
a vast criminal conspiracy,

as it's described by the FBI,

or you can see it as
grand experiments

in granting people an almost
dangerous level of freedom.

A kind of new anarchy
on the internet,

where people can act with impunity
from laws.

PHONE RINGS

The first thing you want to know
in an investigation

is not what you do know,

you want to know
what you don't know.

And I knew I didn't know a lot.

So I had to go all the way back
to the beginning.

It was only after a few months
of Silk Road getting started

that it came into
the public consciousness.

And what happened was there was an
article written by Gawker

about, I believe it was,

"You can buy any drug imaginable."

Within days of that press article,

Senator Schumer, from New York,
called a press conference

calling for the site
to be shut down.

SENATOR SCHUMER: It's a certifiable
one-stop shop for illegal drugs

that represents
the most brazen attempt

to peddle drugs online
that we have ever seen.

It's more brazen than anything else
by light years.

Traffic to the site
went through the roof.

Authorities say they are absolutely
shocked by a popular new website

brazenly selling illegal drugs
to anyone with a computer.

WOMAN REPORTER SPEAKS IN DUTCH

A lot more eyeballs and traffic
went to the site

and it became much more profitable.

Drugs were being shipped
all around the US.

Drugs were being shipped
outside of the US.

Drugs were coming in from outside.

It was going all over the place.

LSD, cocaine and ecstasy are now
just a click of a mouse away.

The case was pretty high profile
and people wanted results.

MALE REPORTER SPEAKS IN FRENCH

AGENT ALFORD: But they didn't know
how to bring it down.

We even found a local customer

who says there's not a lot
police can do to stop it.

I am calling on the DEA
and the Department of Justice

to immediately shut this site down
before more damage is done.

Whoever this person
running this site,

you would think, at this point,
they'd say,

"Oh, I should get out of this game."

But surprisingly, the person's
reaction who run the site was...

The gauntlet has been thrown down.
Bring it on.

MAN: Prior to Silk Road,
all the customers I had

were almost all face-to-face.

When the Silk Road came along,

it virtually expanded my network

to every single customer
in the world.

MAN: The New York cyber branch
of the FBI

was the lead technical
investigative agency

for this investigation.

There were millions of dollars
being transferred back and forth

and it was large-scale purchases.

From casual drug users
to hardcore dangerous drugs.

DPR was taking money
from every transaction.

He was getting a fee for every time
a good was sold on the site.

AUSTIN BERGLAS:
Six months into the investigation,

we had limited success.

Clearly, we hadn't identified
the hidden service yet,

we hadn't been able to defeat Tor

and we hadn't identified
the Dread Pirate Roberts.

We didn't know where he was,

who he was, how old he was,

if he was a male or female.

That creates a huge challenge

to a very aggressive
investigative team.

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:
I have let fear pass through me

and commit myself fully to
the mission outlined in the charter.

What we are doing is more important
than my insignificant life.

What we are doing
will have rippling effects

for generations to come...

..and could be part
of a monumental shift

in how human beings organise
and relate to one another.

Silk Road is going to become
a phenomenon.

At least one person
will tell me about it,

unknowing that I am its creator.

MAN: DPR played the vendors very
well and kept them close to him.

And we took care of him,
he took care of us.

The site had a commission,
somewhere around 3%.

They later increased their
percentage to somewhere around 12%.

This further brings my reasoning
to DPR only wanting money.

Anybody who says that they're doing
this for other than money is a liar.

DPR COMPUTER VOICE: To those of you
chalking my actions up

to pure greed,

I say, "Shame on you!"

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:
Do you think it runs itself?

Do you have any clue what goes on
behind the scenes

to keep this going?

Whether you like it or not,
I am the Captain of this ship.

And if you don't like the rules
of the game...

..you can get off the boat.

Dread Pirate Roberts
could have been anybody.

There was a lot of theories.

MAN: Of course I wondered.
But I'd rather mind my manners

and not ask that type of question.

They were different nationalities,
different age groups.

The writing of the Silk Road

made us believe that it was someone
from Australia

or other English-speaking countries.

I imagined some kind of
potbellied guy in his basement

in Silicon Valley.

There were theories that the person
had connections to Russia.

MAN: My guess was that he was
from the UK.

I thought he was relatively young,

because he would use
this term "epic".

Cos that's a term
the younger generation would say.

We really didn't know where
the person was located.

He could be located in any country
in the world.

He was a, erm...

a ghost.

It was a Friday night.

I was frustrated with the case.

I wasn't getting the results
that I thought I should be getting.

So what I decided is, I'm going
to go over everything I did.

I was going to redo everything.

My dad was a math teacher

and I think I've kind of got that
from him,

in the way he approached things.

Very methodically.
Two plus two is four.

And he always raised me to believe
I can overcome anything.

So I was going to go over
every last bit of evidence,

cos I figured
I had missed something.

I was in bed.

I was having a hard time sleeping,

because I just cannot sleep
with, erm...

like, something
that I should be doing.

My fiancee,
she would be upset at me sometimes,

"Why are you up late at night?
Why don't you go to sleep?"

So I'd go to where my couch is and
that's where I'd do most of my work.

And I just started plugging away.

The Silk Road site was hosted
on this Tor hidden service.

But that is no good if someone's
just on the regular internet.

So I figured
whoever was running this site

had to first advertise it.

I just started putting search terms
in, like Silk Road.

Unfortunately,
a lot of stuff came back.

So I started putting in
limiting searches.

Silk Road started in early 2011.

So I eliminated to before,
let's say, February 2011,

to see if there was any mentions
of a Silk Road site before then.

And I would start there.

And by doing that search I came
across a posting

on the bitcoin forum
from an avatar named Altoid.

I click on it, and it brings me
to this discussion thread...

..about how someone could have
a drug enterprise online

and how would they do it.

And he's advertising
for a Silk Road site.

So it predates all other mentions.

So it was kind of eye-opening.

So, how does this person, Altoid,
know about this site

before the site was launched?

On his final posting,
in October 2011,

Altoid says he's going to start
a bitcoin company

and is looking for programming help.

And he asks for people
to reach out to him.

And in the posting,

he lists his Gmail account
for them to contact him.

And the Gmail account that he lists

is rossulbricht@gmail.com.

And I was like, "Wow!

"Yeah, I have to look into
who this Ross Ulbricht is."

WOMAN: I actually didn't really talk
to him the first time I met him.

And then after that,
we were inseparable.

I honestly don't think there's
anything we didn't do together,

from going to parks and going on
hikes, to going to art museums.

He was really into yoga
and exercise.

He was also into qigong
and breathing.

There was a period of time
when he was always in his room,

was always working on stuff.

You know, he really always had
his computer in tow

and he was very kind of
secretive about it.

Before the internet?

Ask me a question.

Erm...

What are you most excited about
for the 2011 year?

I'm excited to see...
how things play out.

I think it's going to be
a year of change.

On a broad scale, you know?

Yeah, it's exciting.

MAN: He was known on campus as
being, just, you know,

a really cool, awesome dude.

People would just get drawn to him.

He would always try and make sure
everybody was having a good time,

you know, that nobody was off
in their own little corner

doing their own thing.

He was definitely my first love.

We had great sex.

Hanging out, going to parties,
going out to eat

and cuddling in the freezing cold,
you know, just perfect.

He kind of made me think about
a lot of things,

a lot of different perspectives
on life

that I had never even considered
before.

ROSS ULBRICHT: What are you most
looking forward to?

Erm, I guess I'm looking forward to

the possibility of turning
my passion into a viable business.

Awesome.
Well, I wish you the best of luck.

I mean, he was a genius,
in my opinion.

He was all about entrepreneurship,
and his parents were entrepreneurs.

They had owned condos in Costa Rica
and rented them out.

He genuinely loved his family.

And Ross genuinely looked up to
his dad and he loved his mother.

So I think...

Yeah, I definitely think
they had an influence on him.

AARON ARNOLD: Ross would dress in
as little as possible.

I knew him for a big chunk
of freshman year,

before I ever knew his name -
he was No Shirt Guy.

And he was No Shirt Guy to literally
hundreds of other people,

who I'm sure never even bothered
to learn his name.

I remember, one time,
we were going camping.

And to Ross,
since he was No Shirt Guy,

you know, wearing a bunch of clothes
was, you know,

something that you had to do,
because other people made you do it.

And once we got to our campsite,
right by this lake,

it was like, "OK, clothes come off.

"I'm going to spend as much time
as I can out in nature.

"You know, just completely butt-ass
naked, doing my own thing."

JULIA VIE: I didn't really have
a lot of friends at that point,

so I just hung out with Ross.

When I was working, I don't know
what he was doing, to be honest.

AGENT ALFORD: So, on Monday morning,

I went to tell the other guys
and girls in the group

about what I'd found.

I have a very expressive face.

So when I get in,
I'm pretty excited.

And I was like,
"Hey, we've got something new.

"We've got something that
we can really sink our teeth into

"and look into this person,
Ross Ulbricht."

The case had been going on
for about two years,

and they said,
"Well, how did you find it?"

And I told them, "Google."

They were like,
"Really? That's what you did?"

And I'm like, "Yes."

I mean, you come into this big case

and tell people you've cracked it
over a weekend

doing Google searches.

You should expect some, you know,
quizzical looks.

I was just this total outsider.

You know, people dismissed it.

ANDY GREENBERG:
I was working at Forbes magazine

when I saw the first press come out
about the Silk Road.

I was pretty much obsessed
with the Silk Road

as this new phenomenon on
the internet,

especially with
the Dread Pirate Roberts,

this mysterious figure
behind it all.

Of course I wanted to figure out
who he was.

That would be the ultimate scoop.

On the forums you can private
message anyone,

and, anonymous as he was,
he was still available,

you know,
for anybody to reach out to.

And I was shocked to see that
he actually was super responsive.

He wrote back to me immediately,

which was not what
you would expect from

the kingpin
of a massive drug operation.

He said that he wanted to share
this vision he had with the world

but that he was waiting for what he
considered to be the right moment.

He wanted to wait for some new phase
of Silk Road that he alluded to,

but never fully explained.

Very polite and professional.

Espoused these political ideals
that seemed very noble.

He was funny at times.

I proceeded to pester him
to give me a full interview.

I, at one point, just launched
into a series of questions

about who he was,
how old he was,

if he was male or female, even.

And he was so freaked out
that he cut off all contact.

AARON ARNOLD: Ross and I would talk
about politics for hours and hours.

He thought that people
were their own best judges

of what was right for them

and that it was a bad idea
to have somebody, essentially,

standing over their shoulder,

telling them what was OK
and what wasn't OK.

Drugs are menacing our society.

They are threatening our values
and undercutting our institutions.

They're killing our children.

Ross agreed with
the libertarian idea

that people have the natural desire
to do stuff like drugs

and that,
when you have a legal set-up,

where access to drugs
is prohibited...

Drugs take away the dream
from every child's heart

and replace it with a nightmare.

..you don't stop people
from doing drugs.

You've just made it more likely
that they'll get injured,

or they'll get ripped off,

or they'll get into an
uncomfortable relationship

with some shady drug dealer.

But if we face this evil...

..as a nation united,

this will be nothing but
a handful of useless chemicals.

I'm sure, in his mind, he was
thinking,

"There's got to be a better way,"
you know?

MAN: So Ross and I, we started off
as neighbours down a hall.

Eventually, I needed to find
a new place

and he and his girlfriend
were also looking for a new place,

so we ended up moving in together.

JULIA VIE: We got a two-bedroom
apartment, just a really cute place.

It had a hot tub and everything,
it was really fun.

ULBRICHT:
Have you ever been to Big Bend?

TERRY: Yeah, national park? Yeah.

And looking up at the sky.

Man, looking up at, you know,
so many stars.

Yeah, fuck, man.

I was just chilling
at these hot springs

and a blue fireball, I kid you not,

streaked, probably, you know, like
an arc like this, across the sky.

That was a weather balloon
filled with methane gas!

Right! Some kind of, like,
space junk.

I think it was, like, human trash,
honestly.

JULIA VIE:
Wait! Wait! We have trash in space?

I had no idea.

JOSHUA TERRY: Ross was always
working on a new project.

He was always telling me

you can accomplish more
than you think you can.

But, as far as I can tell,
it never really clicked for him

with sort of the nine-to-five
type of work.

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:
I hate having to lie to people.

Friends will tell me,
"Why don't you do this or that?"

Like I have all this free time.

JOSHUA TERRY:
One time, he made me these steaks

and, at some point, he was like,
"I can't really talk about it.

"I have this project, I'm working
on it, I'm really excited about it.

"It's currency-based."

And I thought, "You know what,
this is his new project.

"He's working on it,
we'll see where it goes."

I was honestly, like,
"OK, great, that's awesome."

The problem is, for Ross,
he would work on a new project

and then it would just not pan out.

And that was sort of
the way I knew him.

Being an entrepreneur is very hard.

Most people fail.

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:
I just want to scream...

.."I'm running a multimillion-dollar
criminal enterprise!"

MAN: Growing up,
everyone knew I was a drug dealer.

When I went onto Silk Road,
I completely went dark.

Everyone just thought that
I was doing a normal job.

99% of the time
I dressed up in suits.

WOMAN:
That's not how you look today.

I'm wearing $3,000 pants.

HE LAUGHS

MAN: I had all the money
I wanted to.

I could do anything
I really hadn't even imagined.

The most baller thing we did,
we went to party in Thailand.

It was during
the Festival of Colour.

We paid a whole bunch of people
to ride us around on elephants.

We were on top of the elephants,
smoking fucking heroin

and all sorts of crazy things,
throwing $100 bills out of the air.

It was like one of those fucking
painted elephants, and everything.

And they have, like,
the wooden little house on top.

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:

MAN: I've done a bunch of other
stupid shit with my money,

but that was, like,
one of the most...

That was, like,
the happiest point in my life.

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:
Thank you for being here.

Thank you for being my comrades.

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:

So I grew up with my family in
the projects in Brooklyn, New York.

And we could see first-hand
the devastation

that drugs brought
to the community.

You'd walk the streets and you'll
see people high on drugs

and, you know, it was always
something that you was afraid of,

because, you know, if someone
was addicted to some of these drugs,

you don't know what they would do.
These people were desperate.

People throwing babies
out the window.

And people jumping
out of windows and...

I mean, crack doesn't care about
who you are.

It devastates whoever uses it.

It is frustrating when you think
you've found something

and you don't think other people
are as enthusiastic as you are.

But, in those times, you just
have to remain professional.

Say, "Well, listen,
just keep working your case.

"It doesn't really matter
what they think.

"If it's the truth, then they are
going to have to deal with me."

I continued to look through all
the public records

of what Mr Ulbricht
had put out there.

And he had
somewhat of a public footprint.

He was in his late 20s.

He had a masters degree.

He had a background in finance.

The strange thing was,
whatever DPR was into,

Ulbricht was into.

DPR loved Ron Paul.

Ulbricht loved Ron Paul.

And some brand of Austrian economics
that I had not heard about

until in this case.

But DPR loved that brand
of economics.

And so did Ulbricht.

So...everything I found, I said,

"Wow, everything is matching up
to this DPR."

My husband's real name
is Curtis Green.

He got into Silk Road,
in the beginning,

because he does take a lot

of prescription pain medication
for some injuries he's had.

That's why he used the handle
Chronic Pain.

As Curtis became more involved
in Silk Road,

he would go and post on the forums.

He has knowledge of a lot of
prescription medications.

And people found it very helpful.

DPR started to take notice.

Curtis actually called me and said,
"Come home, I have good news."

So I hurried home and went in
and he said,

"Guess what?
DPR offered me a job on Silk Road.

"Just changing passwords

"and settling disputes
between vendors and buyers."

And I said, "That's all?
He's not asking you to sell?

"Correct?" And he says, "No.
Oh, no. It's not that."

You know, $800 a week
is not chump change.

I mean, that's more than I make,
working full time.

But there was one catch.

He had to send a copy
of his driver's licence,

so DPR would know where he was at
and who he was.

Looking back now, yeah,
that was a big mistake.

JULIA VIE: Ross and I, actually,
at that time,

started to kind of
get a little rocky.

Just a lot of arguing.

Just a lot of fighting.

He had mentioned his desire to make
a website, much like Amazon,

that was anonymous,

where people didn't have to worry
about the government

getting in on their sales
and their money.

The idea of making money
outside of the government

is very, very scary to me.

Maybe it was selfish of me,
but I said,

"Do I really want my boyfriend
to go to jail?"

He didn't listen to me.

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:

I couldn't believe it.
I mean, I thought

I was going to end up with Ross

and we were possibly
going to get married.

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:
It's living with the possibility

and keeping your work a secret.

I just think a lot of those things

kind of made us naturally
drift apart.

So we broke up.

So I don't really know
what happened after that.

AGENT ALFORD:
Regardless of what other people

thought about my investigation,
the lead, I have a job to do.

I started looking into him fully.

So I saw his travel records.

I saw that he had travelled
to Dominica.

I know Dominica is one of the places
that you possibly can get

a second passport from.

And I knew that from
previous tax investigations.

I also was able to get
IP information from Google,

saying where he logged in.

And I saw that he was logging in
from San Francisco, California.

A couple of weeks after
I found the name Ross Ulbricht,

I was using Google
to do tons of internet searches,

as you can imagine.

I was amazed.

The last thing I thought I would
find is a 35-minute video of him

on the internet, talking.

ULBRICHT:
Today is December 6th, 2012.

I'm here in San Francisco.

I'm 28 years old

and a friend of the guy who's
about to introduce himself to you.

It was a very long video.
It was, like, 35 minutes

with him and his friend.

And I guess they did it
for some sort of documentary.

And it was eye-opening for me

cos this is the first time
I got to see Mr Ulbricht speaking.

So, Rene...

..what do you want
to talk about today?

They talked about
them just growing up.

I remember you being
very, like, erm...

quirky and witty.

And, er...

And, like...just cooler than me.

Oh, how things have changed!

It was such a brutally honest,

what appeared to be
such a brutally honest conversation

between two friends.

They talked about
their sexual interactions,

even losing their virginity.

First thing I noticed about her
was her tits, which were very nice.

She was dating a guy named Chad
at the time, who...

Chad, I don't like him already.

Chad is a...was a total prick.

Chad was a kind of
small-time pot dealer.

And, erm...

His best friend had asked Ross to
move out to San Francisco with him.

You twisted my arm until I said,

"Argh! Fine, I'll come!"

And in this conversation
he asked him,

"Well, what were you doing
in Austin, Texas

"before I asked you to move?"

Let's see...

I was, erm...

I was living in Austin, Texas.
The meh of start-ups.

And, er...

But when his friend asked him that,
he had no answer.

And, erm...

He was stumbling around his answers
and he was, "Erm, erm, erm..."

Erm...

Er...

When I looked at, on YouTube,
how many views it had,

I believe it had one,
maybe two views.

And there were two people
in the video.

And I am the third person
watching it.

That was when it hit me.

Like, "Wow! I might be the only one
looking at this guy

"as being Dread Pirate Roberts."

The Silk Road had obviously grown
into a real phenomenon.

In fact, a phenomenon unlike
anything I'd ever seen before

on the internet.

So after eight months of badgering
him on the Silk Road forums,

DPR finally agreed
to a real on-the-record interview.

He made me an honorary drug dealer
on the Silk Road,

just for a few hours,

so that we could communicate
anonymously.

He was funny at times.

But also arrogant,
to a certain degree.

He definitely took credit for
creating something new

in the history of mankind and
that's how he wanted to be seen.

He preferred to talk about himself

and to see himself
as a political figure,

the leader of this philosophical
and political movement,

and took offence to this idea that
he might just be a mere drug dealer.

But he wasn't ashamed of the fact
also that he was making

enormous amounts of money from this.

At one point, he told me that he
wouldn't sell the Silk Road

for less than ten or 11 figures.

That's tens of billions of dollars.

And he also told me that, someday,
we would have to put him

on the Forbes rich list
of the world's wealthiest people.

MAN: Can you imagine being

one of the most famous anonymous
people in the world,

just dying
for that bit of recognition

that you can't ask for anyone?

That Forbes article
is his recognition.

He got it.

But that's not how you run
an organisation like this.

I have to say that I did think he
was overconfident from that moment.

You know, I asked him...

It was a very short answer.

He seemed completely confident

that he was invincible, an
invisible character on the dark web.

MAN: They should've just maintained
a site to sell drugs.

It was a quiet community,
we were all doing our own thing,

we were being happy.

Then politics started getting
brought into it.

It was no longer a marketplace
for drugs, like it was.

Now it was the new libertarian front
for freedom.

The vendors like myself saw it as
"Dude, you're fucking up our,

"like, our thing
we got going on here.

"Just shut up and, like,
let us operate."

TONYA GREEN: One day in January,

Curtis and I were on the phone,
cos I was out of state in Kentucky.

And he saw that the mailman
was delivering a package,

but he was not in
a normal mail truck.

My first thoughts were,

"Something's going on
with Silk Road."

Curtis opened the door and, by then,
the mailperson was already gone.

He grabbed the package,
he brought it in, opened it,

and a big plume of cocaine
went into his face.

And then the door busted open.

There was the DEA, Homeland
Security, Postal Inspectors.

And they told him,
if he did not co-operate with them,

they would get him for 40 years'
prison time.

They wanted his usernames,
his passwords,

his access into Silk Road.

That was their goal.
They were after DPR.

And also, it was revealed that
$350,000 worth of bitcoins

were stolen
and it was put in Curtis' account.

That just made the Feds
come down harder on Curtis.

They kept accusing him of stealing
this money

and Curtis had no idea
what they were talking about.

JOSHUA TERRY: He didn't start out
as some kind of Pablo Escobar.

He tried to build something that
would do away

with the violence of the government
and of the drug war.

MAN: I'm pretty sure
he was in over his head.

He didn't really know how to control
it once it was that big.

That kind of stress
and that kind of power that you have

can change who you are.

TONYA GREEN: One of the agents,
Carl Force, a DEA undercover agent,

sat him down and told him that he
had been undercover on Silk Road

and that he was using
the handle Nob.

And he told them that he had got a
message from DPR that night

that stated that
he wanted him tortured

so they could get the money back.

The DEA agent told Curtis
that, in order to keep his cover,

because DPR believed him to be a
drug vendor

and an all-around "bad guy",

he would have to pretend
to torture Curtis...

..and make it very believable,

so DPR would think
that he had done his job.

They took him to a hotel
in downtown Salt Lake City

and they walked him up to the room.

They asked him
to take off his jacket.

They made him get down on his knees

and they filled up the bathtub
full of water.

They pushed his head
down in the water

and held it there
for quite some time.

Curtis was panicking.

His arms were flailing, you know,
he was trying to get up.

And they still held him down
as they snapped pictures.

And he said it felt like it went on
for ever,

like it was never going to stop.

ANDY GREENBERG: Whatever Ross
Ulbricht eventually became,

I think that he started
the project...

and his primary motive
for the whole thing

was about creating
a kind of political movement

in this little anarchic corner
of the internet.

And at some point, also,

I think he felt
that he was responsible

to the Silk Road community,
that he was protecting these people.

And was willing
to resort to violence

to protect the community
that he created.

WOMAN REPORTER: A spokesman
for Hazelden, that operates

treatment centres for
drug and alcohol addiction,

agrees the war on drugs
has been a failure...

TONYA GREEN: Curtis came home from
the second day

of these interrogations

and he took me by the hand

and he said that the order
had been switched

from torture to kill.

And I was so upset
and so was Curtis.

I mean,
tears were streaming down his face.

He's like,
"What did I do to our family?"

The DEA agent asked me to take
some photographs of Curtis

since, when they were in Salt Lake
that weekend,

they only took torture photos.

They didn't take any death photos.

So they asked me to stage it as best
as I could that Curtis was dead.

I took some
Campbell's Chicken & Stars soup

and had Curtis kind of chew it
and smear it all over his face

and had some
kind of dribbling down

and kind of on his shirt

so it looked like he had vomited.

And then I just had him lay very
still so it looked like he was dead.

It seemed really crazy that
I was going to have to do this.

I was shocked.

Like, "Don't you want
a professional doing this?"

Taking these pictures
was basically life or death.

It was, it really was.

If I didn't do a good enough job,

then the gig was up
and they would come after him

and we wouldn't have any protection.

MAN: Silk Road not only consumes
your normal drug-dealing life,

it consumes all your life.

Even though it sounds very easy,
the stress just, like, ramps up.

"Is there going to be a tomorrow?

"What am I going
to be doing tomorrow?

"Am I going to be OK tomorrow
or am I going to be in jail?

"Am I going to be dead tomorrow?"

AUSTIN BERGLAS:
Most bad guys make a mistake

and the FBI is usually there
when they make that mistake.

We decided to just throw
anything and everything

at the Silk Road server.

The goal was to try to, you know,
poke the server

to see if we can get information
that shouldn't be given out.

And all the while,
we're using a very simple tool,

a network packet sniffer,

which basically captures
the communication

between our computer in the FBI
that we were using

and the computer that
it ultimately communicates with.

Eventually, we saw an IP address
that really stood out.

We took and copied that IP address.

He throws it in a clean browser,
a browser not related to Tor...

..a traditional browser,
and then hit "enter".

And when we did that...

..the Silk Road login page
popped up.

This was a huge moment
for the investigation.

It just proved that we'd found
the true IP address

for the location
of the Silk Road server...

..located in Iceland.

The thing opens up and, sure enough,
it's the server.

It has the famous camel image
of the Silk Road logo.

When we were reviewing the server we
learned that, behind the scenes,

when DPR would log
into the Silk Road server

as an administrator,
he wouldn't use his name DPR,

he came up with another name.

He came up with the name Frosty.

And one of the things
we were able to identify

was a last known login
from the administrator.

An IP address that resolved back,

that comes back to an actual
internet cafe in San Francisco.

AGENT ALFORD: So after continuing
investigating Ross Ulbricht,

I learn more about these technical
terms about some of the programming

that would go into running a site.

As I learned these technical terms,

I would continue doing
these Google searches

to see if something come up.

So one of the terms
was "code igniter",

which is some programming language.

So when I put that in with his name,

I got a response back
about a post on a website,

tech Qs about programming.

So when you click the link, it took
me to another site - Stack Overflow.

But the question on Stack Overflow

was under his other avatar,
called Frosty.

A lot of people were looking into
Silk Road,

so there was an idea
that there should be a meeting

to get all interested parties to see
if we can get all on the same page.

You know, people having a case
is like people and their babies.

Everyone thinks
their baby's beautiful,

but there are some ugly babies
out there.

The Bureau had obtained a copy
of the Silk Road server.

It was just sitting
on this computer.

I believe it was an Apple
and it was this big screen.

On the board they had, like,
these big diagrams,

a picture of Dread Pirate Roberts
from the movie,

and I saw all these arrows.

But I tried not to look at it

because I'm there
just to look at the server.

Gary Alford, the IRS agent,
he came in and he was, you know,

as a new agent, as a new agent
would, wanted to move things along.

While I was there...

..I heard in the background
that someone said,

"We had gone on
some San Francisco address."

So I mentioned, "Hey, I have a guy,
a guy I'm looking at.

"He lives in San Francisco."

And he was like, "Really?"
And I was like, "Yeah, yeah."

I can't speak for them, but it
didn't seem like I had dropped,

like, the big key to the case
on them.

They were somewhat dismissive.

So I immediately get on the phone
and tell the prosecutor.

I'm talking real fast, all excited,
I'm so excited I had to slow down.

He says, "Well, what's the address
of this individual - Mr Ulbricht?"

He runs it against an IP location
the FBI had found,

where there was some DPR activity...

and he sees that they're around
the corner from each other.

So then he says, "We have to have
a conference call between you,

"the FBI and HSI immediately."

At the time, I was in Chicago

and that's where I called
into the conference call.

All it really was is that
he had a target in San Francisco

and he saw that we had
San Francisco logins.

I thought, at the time,
that it was almost too easy,

that a guy wouldn't be as open as
using his name in an e-mail account

and he had videos of himself
on YouTube

and just open stuff to the public.

AGENT ALFORD: But in his summary,

the prosecutor forgot to mention
the link to Frosty.

So then, when he finished, I said,

"Well, there's one other link
I found.

"I found that Ross Ulbricht
was linked to this avatar Frosty."

He immediately...

The FBI agent started coming in,
like, "What? What was that?

"What is this Frosty?
What is the significance of Frosty?"

So I explained to him
that's just the avatar he used.

You know,
I thought it was kind of strange

he was asking this question,
but then he says,

"Well, the reason I keep asking this
is because

"whoever's running Silk Road, DPR,

"that is the name of the user
that operates the site - Frosty."

It started becoming apparent

that this was a very, very
likely target for us.

AGENT ALFORD: I actually felt more
pressure than I had felt before.

We started gathering
all the information

to get an arrest warrant
for Mr Ulbricht.

Ross responded to a Craigslist ad
that we had posted online,

renting out the room directly
above mine in the house.

Ross lived a really simple life,
a very modest life.

He did buy some furniture
from a garage sale down the street.

I never got the sense that Ross
was really well off.

He was kind of doing
whatever he was on his computer

just to pay rent and get by.

Ross said he worked on websites and,
at one point, I remember he said

he worked in trading currency,
as well,

and I remember asking him,
I was like, "Oh, like bitcoin?"

Kind of jokingly, because it was
something I'd read about

that I thought was just this
far-fetched idea.

And, you know,
he kind of was just like,

"Oh, there's a little bit of that."

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:
I'm so stupid.

Everyone knows I'm working on
a bitcoin exchange.

It felt wrong to lie completely,

so I tried to tell the truth

without revealing the bad part.

JULIE VIE:
So I started messaging Ross.

You know, "How have you been?
What have you been up to?"

And then he started telling me
how he was in San Francisco

and how San Francisco
was super beautiful,

but it was kind of cold right then.

So I just booked a trip
and flew out to come see him.

Honestly, I knew he was working
on something and that was it

and I don't think it was really
working out that well.

So he was just living,
you know, within his means,

which was at that
three-bedroom house.

DPR COMPUTER VOICE:

I didn't go into it
with that intention,

but I definitely hoped that Ross
and I would end up back together.

He was always the one that got away,
kind of thing.

ULBRICHT: I'm pretty sure
I want to start a family

in the next five years.

Erm...

And, er...

And, er, just...

Yeah, make more friends
and close people I love.

Yeah, I want to focus on...

..erm...being more connected
to people.

September 30th, 2013,

is when I took my flight
into San Francisco.

At that time I was monitoring
DPR Roberts 24/7 with my account.

It was important to really become
that identity

and what I did is
I sat down with Scout

for the next three or four days

and fully debriefed that person
on everything.

There is different lingo
that I had to become accustomed to,

every single way that they wrote
things to what they were thinking.

We needed to know the full history
of that account.

Even when I left,
I had another agent

monitor the account
while I was in the air.

I was really still trying
to take in the whole thought

that we were potentially on the cusp
of arresting this person

that we'd been pursuing for so long.

We wanted to get him in a spot where
we can grab him,

machine open,
without trying to force our way in.

It was critical for us
to get Mr Ulbricht on the laptop

for a couple of reasons.

Number one, what better evidence to
show that he is Dread Pirate Roberts

than he is typing away
as Dread Pirate Roberts

at the time of arrest?

Secondly, there could be valuable
information on the laptop.

He's aware of encryption,

so he may do something to the laptop
to encrypt it

to put it in a state that we can't
get access to the information.

He lived in a three-flat
and he was up on the top of it

and we would have to get through
a very large steel door

and try to get to him before
he would do anything to his laptop.

So our plan was to take the chance
of having Ross leave his residence,

open his laptop, log in,

and actually grab him in the middle
of either chatting with Jared

or being on the site.

JARED: Surveillance still had him
at his home

and so we waited in one of
the neighbourhoods really close by.

I had put in my request
to travel out

because I was to be on
the interview team

because I knew the most about
Mr Ulbricht.

But I couldn't get the approval
to fly out in time for the arrest.

It was affecting investigations

probably in almost every state
and globally,

and it all was coming down to
this identification that I had made

of Mr Ulbricht.

Was there doubt? Yes.

There's...
There's no certainty in this job.

All too often in investigations,
it's about 20 hours of pure boredom

followed by five minutes
of sheer terror.

Jared's a young agent.

At this point, he was tense. You
could tell he was tense at the time.

Later on in the day,
he signed off from being online

and I took that opportunity
to go order a coffee.

That's when the call comes in
from the SO team

that Ross is leaving his apartment

and he's got his laptop bag
with him.

All I was thinking, really,
at the time was,

"I'm not going to get this coffee
out in time

"and I'm going to have to leave it."

Because you've got to do what you've
got to do to accomplish a mission,

but I'm like,
"I really want that coffee, too!"

I exited the cafe

and I saw one of the FBI specialists
that was from New York,

Thomas Kiernan, sitting on a bench
across the street.

And so I went over there and I
joined him and I put my computer up.

I looked over to my right

and there I saw Ulbricht
standing on the street corner,

about 40 feet away from me.

This was the man that was running
this global drug empire.

He looked like
a San Francisco techie kid

that you'd expect to have a start-up
company somewhere in San Fran,

getting ready to launch his site.

Light turns green
and he crosses the street...

..where he went to
the Glen Park Library.

WOMAN: It was a Tuesday afternoon,
it was after three o'clock.

Glen Park is a small branch of the
San Francisco public library system.

It tends to be that
not much happens there.

The library has Wi-Fi, and the Wi-Fi
is thought to be best in the corner,

where the young man was sitting -
the science-fiction section.

At that time, the FBI agent came and
met me back at the bench

with Thomas Kiernan,

trying to get the rest of the agents
that were on site at the time

into the library.

We waited and, after a few minutes,

Dread Pirate Roberts did come online
and on the staff chat.

And I immediately sent him
a message...

Jared and I are sitting on the bench
across the street from the library,

waiting for DPR to log in
and start chatting.

Recording right now? Mm-hm.

Oh, erm...

I don't know what to say. Ask me a
question or something, interview me.

I asked him to do me a favour
and to look at one of these messages

that I had control over.

And what that would do
is it would require him

to log into the marketplace.

He ends up telling me,
"OK, which post?"

And once he did that,

that let me know that he was on
that page I asked him to go to

and that's the time
that I gave the cue to the FBI agent

to do the arrest.

I'm already on my way
across the street into the library

and I guess that's when
the case agents start...

Their communications are,
"This is about to go."

It's hard to describe.
The adrenaline is flowing.

It's a good energy, basically.

We got into this little huddle
in the middle of the library.

I'm sure it looked odd to
some people, but it was very quick.

And that's when we came up with
this plan for a diversion.

Two agents come right behind where
Ross was sitting, if I was Ross,

sitting right behind me,
and they start yelling,

they start getting into a fight,
a verbal fight.

Ross turns around
to go look what's going on

and during that time,

that's when the third agent
grabs the laptop from him.

That's when I come out of my
positioning and grab the laptop

from the third agent at the time.

This was so unusual, for someone to
be arrested in the Glen Park
Library,

that I actually did run back and
text my son on my phone, saying,

"Just to let you know, a bunch of
FBI agents just came in

"and busted a guy
and took him out in handcuffs!"

Because he always thinks my job
is so boring.

The most disturbing thing, to me,
about it

was that my son knew exactly
what Silk Road was!

SHE LAUGHS

But I don't know why he knew that.

There's no way to really describe it
but everything, everything is there.

Everything is on that machine and
it's all laid out, it's organised,

it's...it's unbelievable.

It's the smoking gun.

A secret website that played host to
a massive black-market drug ring

is offline this morning.

The alleged mastermind goes by
the nickname Dread Pirate Roberts.

AGENT ALFORD: I got an e-mail from
Jared when he got him and he said,

"Gary, you were right."

And that was a great moment.

I had done my job well,
so there was a sense,

I felt a sense of satisfaction.

He was supposed to fly down
and come see me

and we were going
to get back together

and he was probably going to move
in with me and then he got arrested.

Two days before he was supposed
to fly in and come see me.

I had my friend call me and say,
"Oh, my God, did you hear?"

And I said,
"What are you talking about?"

She said,
"Google Ross's name right now."

After having, you know, had enough
time to digest it, it's like,

"Well, can I see Ross being involved
in something,

"you know, online? Yes.

"Can I see Ross being involved in
something to do with bitcoins? Yes.

"Can I see Ross being involved
in something to do with drugs? Yes."

But the idea that the alleged owner
and operator of the Silk Road,

this mastermind character, was Ross,

that would've been, you know,
beyond unbelievable.

MALE REPORTER:
Perhaps the most intriguing charge

against the 29-year-old

is that he was engaged in
a murder-for-hire conspiracy,

trying to enlist the help of one of
the site's users to execute another.

DPR always talked about taking away
violence off the streets.

But then, hearing about
the attempted murder-for-hire,

it just cut against everything
that he was saying on the site.

Ross was very non-violent.
He didn't believe in force.

So a lot of the stuff in the media
about how he tried to kill someone

through a hit man and all this
stuff, it's just not Ross.

The idea that he would
ever have made the leap

from "the best way to implement my
vision

"of a more market-based

"and less compulsion
and violence-oriented society

"is to have people murdered" is...

I mean, it's absurd on its face.

To me, it wasn't surprising,
because this is the drug business

and that's what goes on
in the drug business.

Eventually,
you do these illegal things

and, you know,
even if you have good intentions,

you're around a bunch
of criminal actors.

The creator of a hugely successful

and potentially dangerous
tech start-up

learnt just moments ago

that he will spend
the rest of his life in prison.

So it's life in prison,

that's what a judge handed down
to Ross Ulbricht,

the founder of the online
black-market site

known as Silk Road.

Prior to the sentencing, Ross
Ulbricht addressed the courtroom

and he said that if he is ever
to see the light of day,

he's now a completely changed man

and he will live
in full accordance with the law.

The judge came back and said,

"No, you wanted this to be
your legacy, right?" Right.

She said,
"You wanted this to be your legacy,

"you wanted it to be your legacy
and now it is."

The result of taking down
the Silk Road has been that,

you know, dozens of dark web
drug markets have taken its place,

some of which are doing far more
business, far more revenue,

far more narcotics than
the Silk Road ever did in sales.

And many of them lack the...

the ideals
that the Silk Road did have.

The dark web has only gotten darker.

The biggest struggle for me

is kind of reconciling the two,
the two people.

So, like, Dread Pirate Roberts
and Ross Ulbricht.

But I think the internet
kind of enables people

to act in a way
they might not normally,

just cos there's a very big
disconnect between

what you do online and
what you do in your physical life.

Have you got any more questions
or should we wrap it up?

Yeah, future outlook.

What are you going to do
over the next 20 years?

20 years...

Er...

I want to have had a...

..a substantial, positive impact on
the future of humanity by that time.

Do you think you're going to live
forever? I think it's a possibility.