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SHOUTING
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The things I saw made impressions...
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...I can never forget.
4
00:00:25,520 --> 00:00:27,000
I can't describe it.
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00:00:28,000 --> 00:00:30,920
I can't say how it was.
6
00:00:34,280 --> 00:00:35,800
It was just terrible.
7
00:00:37,800 --> 00:00:39,917
GASPING
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00:00:40,000 --> 00:00:45,200
I dream of being trapped on the ship
with no means of escape.
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00:00:48,760 --> 00:00:51,320
But I always wake up before
the boat sinks.
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00:01:09,080 --> 00:01:11,117
He told me that apparently
we'd struck something.
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00:01:11,200 --> 00:01:12,538
BELL TOLLS
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00:01:12,621 --> 00:01:14,040
Iceberg dead ahead!
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00:01:15,080 --> 00:01:18,720
SIREN TRILLS
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00:01:20,600 --> 00:01:23,037
I didn't become alarmed.
15
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There was no danger, they said.
16
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I told her to come at once -
we were sinking.
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00:01:35,720 --> 00:01:38,597
You can you imagine the chaos
and the fear and the terror
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00:01:38,680 --> 00:01:40,157
of finding water in your cabin
19
00:01:40,240 --> 00:01:42,197
and you're in the bowels
of the ship.
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00:01:42,280 --> 00:01:45,117
It makes me panic just
thinking about it.
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00:01:45,200 --> 00:01:48,477
The story of the Titanic
is the human condition
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spread out, pinned on a board
for us to examine.
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Then came the terrible cry.
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"Women and children!
Women and children!"
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00:01:59,120 --> 00:02:00,157
Marjorie!
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00:02:00,240 --> 00:02:02,720
Two men lifted me up and
put me in a boat.
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00:02:04,440 --> 00:02:05,597
It's these small decisions,
28
00:02:05,680 --> 00:02:07,917
these little butterfly effect
moments
29
00:02:08,000 --> 00:02:09,280
that change the outcome.
30
00:02:11,880 --> 00:02:13,218
Stand back!
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00:02:13,301 --> 00:02:14,720
GUNSHOT
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00:02:23,280 --> 00:02:25,120
It really was every man for himself.
33
00:02:27,760 --> 00:02:29,080
My heart stood still.
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00:02:36,800 --> 00:02:38,320
Hurry up!
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Pull!
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If we're going to die,
37
00:02:44,640 --> 00:02:46,280
best to die gripping something.
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00:02:48,960 --> 00:02:50,357
It's a split second decision.
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00:02:50,440 --> 00:02:52,160
What would you do? What would I do?
40
00:02:59,440 --> 00:03:01,637
Oh, it was a terrible sight.
41
00:03:01,720 --> 00:03:04,000
Men swimming and sinking.
42
00:03:12,160 --> 00:03:17,680
I'd been brought up to believe in
a hell after death.
43
00:03:24,000 --> 00:03:26,360
But now I think I went through
a hell that night.
44
00:04:12,840 --> 00:04:16,717
I nipped along to have a look down
the emergency staircase,
45
00:04:16,800 --> 00:04:19,520
{\an8}to gauge the speed the water
was rising.
46
00:04:24,480 --> 00:04:30,117
That cold green water crawling
its ghostly way.
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00:04:30,200 --> 00:04:34,557
The electric lights shone
under the surface
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00:04:34,640 --> 00:04:38,040
with a weird effect.
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00:04:41,000 --> 00:04:44,557
{\an8}So Lightoller knows now things
are getting more serious.
50
00:04:44,640 --> 00:04:47,597
{\an8}He thought this thing could not
go down,
51
00:04:47,680 --> 00:04:51,157
and now he knows it could sink.
52
00:04:51,240 --> 00:04:53,040
This is a terrible shock for him.
53
00:04:57,880 --> 00:04:59,597
Captain Smith is at fault here.
54
00:04:59,680 --> 00:05:02,437
He has not informed his
senior officers
55
00:05:02,520 --> 00:05:05,637
of what he has known for some time.
56
00:05:05,720 --> 00:05:08,197
It's very hard to know why
Captain Smith did not
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00:05:08,280 --> 00:05:11,677
give out the information to his
most trusted command.
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00:05:11,760 --> 00:05:14,077
Maybe it's important to keep
this away,
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00:05:14,160 --> 00:05:17,520
to stop them panicking
and to keep control.
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00:05:31,480 --> 00:05:34,357
There are just ten
standard lifeboats
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00:05:34,440 --> 00:05:35,557
left on the ship,
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00:05:35,640 --> 00:05:37,917
along with four collapsibles.
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00:05:38,000 --> 00:05:41,397
There's 2,000 souls and more
on board
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00:05:41,480 --> 00:05:43,917
and only around 700 places.
65
00:05:44,000 --> 00:05:46,917
There's no rescue ship coming
any time soon,
66
00:05:47,000 --> 00:05:49,680
so if you don't get in,
you're going to die.
67
00:06:04,080 --> 00:06:06,437
Lightoller is going to continue
doing
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00:06:06,520 --> 00:06:08,037
exactly what he's done before -
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00:06:08,120 --> 00:06:10,917
but with even more fervour
and rigidity
70
00:06:11,000 --> 00:06:12,557
enforcing the plan.
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00:06:12,640 --> 00:06:14,917
It's the only thing he can do.
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00:06:15,000 --> 00:06:17,280
Women and children only.
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00:06:20,560 --> 00:06:23,397
{\an8}Charlotte Collyer's just about
holding herself together
74
00:06:23,480 --> 00:06:24,797
{\an8}in her family unit.
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00:06:24,880 --> 00:06:26,117
Her husband, Harvey,
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00:06:26,200 --> 00:06:28,040
and her little daughter, Marjorie.
77
00:06:30,440 --> 00:06:35,277
{\an8}Mr Lowe rushed among the passengers
78
00:06:35,360 --> 00:06:39,197
{\an8}and ordered the women
into the boats.
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00:06:39,280 --> 00:06:41,917
Many of them followed him
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00:06:42,000 --> 00:06:46,397
in a dazed kind of way,
81
00:06:46,480 --> 00:06:48,840
and others stayed with their men.
82
00:06:50,680 --> 00:06:54,040
A sailor caught Marjorie
in his arms...
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00:06:55,360 --> 00:06:56,917
...tore her away from me
84
00:06:57,000 --> 00:06:59,880
and threw her into the boat.
85
00:07:02,880 --> 00:07:05,197
{\an8}I was crying for my doll.
86
00:07:05,280 --> 00:07:10,040
{\an8}Then two men lifted me up
and put me in a boat.
87
00:07:11,280 --> 00:07:14,117
-Marjorie!
-Marjorie!
88
00:07:14,200 --> 00:07:18,560
She was not even given a chance
to tell her father goodbye.
89
00:07:21,400 --> 00:07:24,317
"You, too," a man yelled,
90
00:07:24,400 --> 00:07:26,837
"You're a woman."
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00:07:26,920 --> 00:07:30,000
"Take a seat in that boat or
it will be too late."
92
00:07:32,840 --> 00:07:35,000
I heard my husband say...
93
00:07:37,120 --> 00:07:38,917
..."Go, Lottie!
94
00:07:39,000 --> 00:07:41,677
"For God's sake, be brave and go!"
95
00:07:41,760 --> 00:07:44,000
For God's sake, be brave and go!
96
00:07:47,000 --> 00:07:49,917
And saw my husband's back
as he walked
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00:07:50,000 --> 00:07:52,357
steadily down the deck
98
00:07:52,440 --> 00:07:54,040
and disappeared among the men.
99
00:07:56,080 --> 00:07:59,800
If they'd not wrenched Marjorie
away from me...
100
00:08:03,280 --> 00:08:05,040
...I wish I had gone with him.
101
00:08:11,160 --> 00:08:16,237
The courteous, deferential veneer
is not there any more.
102
00:08:16,320 --> 00:08:19,917
The officers will pull apart women
from their men
103
00:08:20,000 --> 00:08:23,917
and make them go into the boats
whether they want to or not.
104
00:08:24,000 --> 00:08:26,437
This is new in the course
of the night,
105
00:08:26,520 --> 00:08:28,040
and it's frightening.
106
00:08:36,600 --> 00:08:41,477
There's a really stark disadvantage
facing third class passengers.
107
00:08:41,560 --> 00:08:43,477
From the beginning,
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00:08:43,560 --> 00:08:45,917
they are stuck in the bowels
of the ship,
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00:08:46,000 --> 00:08:48,080
trying to get to where
the lifeboats are.
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00:08:52,000 --> 00:08:54,320
{\an8}I'd been seasick the whole trip.
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00:08:55,680 --> 00:08:57,440
ANNA GASPS
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00:08:59,600 --> 00:09:01,360
ANNA RETCHES
113
00:09:04,720 --> 00:09:08,040
All I wanted was to be left alone
so I could lie down.
114
00:09:12,400 --> 00:09:14,677
Anna Sjoblom is a teenager
from Finland.
115
00:09:14,760 --> 00:09:16,277
She's a Swedish speaker,
116
00:09:16,360 --> 00:09:19,437
but a third of steerage passengers
on the Titanic
117
00:09:19,520 --> 00:09:21,317
were from Nordic countries.
118
00:09:21,400 --> 00:09:23,477
There were so many people who did
not speak English,
119
00:09:23,560 --> 00:09:26,197
but they spoke Spanish, Arabic,
Swedish.
120
00:09:26,280 --> 00:09:28,600
Swedish is the second most
spoken language.
121
00:09:29,720 --> 00:09:31,797
When the boat struck,
122
00:09:31,880 --> 00:09:33,757
the 14th of April,
123
00:09:33,840 --> 00:09:36,557
which was my birthday,
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00:09:36,640 --> 00:09:38,040
I was 18.
125
00:09:40,480 --> 00:09:42,797
I didn't become alarmed.
126
00:09:42,880 --> 00:09:46,597
I just couldn't believe that
this wonderful ship
127
00:09:46,680 --> 00:09:49,480
could possibly be in trouble.
128
00:09:51,560 --> 00:09:54,557
There are 14 stewardesses
in first class
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00:09:54,640 --> 00:09:58,237
to help those passengers
leave the ship.
130
00:09:58,320 --> 00:10:00,760
In third class, there's only one.
131
00:10:04,760 --> 00:10:07,557
There was no Tannoy system
or announcement
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00:10:07,640 --> 00:10:08,917
of what was going on,
133
00:10:09,000 --> 00:10:10,117
of what to do.
134
00:10:10,200 --> 00:10:12,040
They had to work it out themselves.
135
00:10:28,760 --> 00:10:30,240
{\an8}A crash woke me up.
136
00:10:32,440 --> 00:10:34,360
{\an8}Nearly jolted me from my bed.
137
00:10:37,560 --> 00:10:42,040
I put on my trousers and shoes
and got up.
138
00:10:45,840 --> 00:10:48,677
Eugene Daly is a 29-year-old
textile worker
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00:10:48,760 --> 00:10:51,557
from County Westmeath in Ireland.
140
00:10:51,640 --> 00:10:53,277
After years of saving,
141
00:10:53,360 --> 00:10:56,917
he's immigrating to America along
with his cousin, Maggie,
142
00:10:57,000 --> 00:10:58,197
her friend, Bertha,
143
00:10:58,280 --> 00:11:00,440
and his beloved Irish pipes.
144
00:11:02,520 --> 00:11:04,637
The stewards came through,
145
00:11:04,720 --> 00:11:08,437
told the passengers that they
shouldn't be frightened.
146
00:11:08,520 --> 00:11:11,160
There was no danger, they said.
147
00:11:13,280 --> 00:11:14,917
Everything was all right,
148
00:11:15,000 --> 00:11:16,760
and that I might go back.
149
00:11:24,320 --> 00:11:27,357
The third class passengers don't
know what's going on
150
00:11:27,440 --> 00:11:28,797
because they're not being told.
151
00:11:28,880 --> 00:11:31,677
And there's nothing worse
than having an idea
152
00:11:31,760 --> 00:11:32,917
that something's really wrong
153
00:11:33,000 --> 00:11:35,917
but not knowing exactly what it is.
154
00:11:36,000 --> 00:11:39,277
Above deck, the first and
second class passengers
155
00:11:39,360 --> 00:11:42,917
and the crew, they can all see there
aren't enough boats left.
156
00:11:43,000 --> 00:11:46,480
And there are hundreds of them
on deck.
157
00:11:50,800 --> 00:11:53,917
{\an8}I stood at the bulkhead with
the other stewardesses.
158
00:11:54,000 --> 00:11:56,480
A ship's officer ordered us
into the boat.
159
00:11:58,200 --> 00:12:01,597
Some lifeboats are only
at half capacity.
160
00:12:01,680 --> 00:12:03,797
Now, there's fear everywhere,
161
00:12:03,880 --> 00:12:06,270
so they're filling them up
as quickly as they can.
162
00:12:09,480 --> 00:12:12,000
Looking along the length of
the ship...
163
00:12:13,800 --> 00:12:17,840
...I noticed the forward part of her
was lower now.
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00:12:20,200 --> 00:12:21,640
Much lower.
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00:12:26,000 --> 00:12:27,560
My heart stood still.
166
00:12:39,280 --> 00:12:40,517
When you're in the military,
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this is what we talk about -
triaging.
168
00:12:42,280 --> 00:12:43,437
{\an8}This is a case of thinking,
169
00:12:43,520 --> 00:12:46,677
{\an8}"How many people can we save
at this point?"
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00:12:46,760 --> 00:12:50,437
There's only room for 800 people
in the lifeboats that remain,
171
00:12:50,520 --> 00:12:52,517
so that's best-case scenario.
172
00:12:52,600 --> 00:12:56,677
But in crisis situations, you're not
getting the best-case scenario -
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00:12:56,760 --> 00:12:58,560
within the panic, the confusion.
174
00:13:00,760 --> 00:13:04,280
The boat was full now.
175
00:13:06,160 --> 00:13:09,077
As the boat was being lowered,
176
00:13:09,160 --> 00:13:11,597
the ship's officer called,
177
00:13:11,680 --> 00:13:13,917
"Here, Miss Jessop,"
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00:13:14,000 --> 00:13:16,000
"look after this baby."
179
00:13:20,640 --> 00:13:24,640
Someone had dumped it on the deck
beside his feet.
180
00:13:29,120 --> 00:13:31,277
At this stage, Violet is handed
a baby
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00:13:31,360 --> 00:13:34,917
that has been sort of separated
from their family
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00:13:35,000 --> 00:13:37,757
or whoever was caring for them
at that point.
183
00:13:37,840 --> 00:13:39,480
It's hard to fathom that.
184
00:13:41,440 --> 00:13:43,157
That panic beginning to spread,
185
00:13:43,240 --> 00:13:46,237
it's making their circumstances
worse.
186
00:13:46,320 --> 00:13:49,397
It's making everybody's chance
of survival worse.
187
00:13:49,480 --> 00:13:51,200
But it's such a natural reaction.
188
00:14:06,000 --> 00:14:08,677
BANGING
189
00:14:08,760 --> 00:14:14,597
I could hear the commotion
overhead increasing.
190
00:14:14,680 --> 00:14:16,477
I decided to go up,
191
00:14:16,560 --> 00:14:18,880
even though I still felt very ill.
192
00:14:21,000 --> 00:14:22,557
I was fully clothed
193
00:14:22,640 --> 00:14:25,477
and I had a lifebelt.
194
00:14:25,560 --> 00:14:27,917
My railroad ticket to Tacoma
195
00:14:28,000 --> 00:14:30,437
and a small amount of money
were sewed
196
00:14:30,520 --> 00:14:34,040
in a little bag and hung around
my neck so I couldn't lose it.
197
00:14:37,520 --> 00:14:39,917
I went down into the room
where Maggie Daly
198
00:14:40,000 --> 00:14:41,280
and Bertha Mulvihill were.
199
00:14:43,280 --> 00:14:46,477
The men and women in third class
are separated,
200
00:14:46,560 --> 00:14:49,437
so for Eugene to find Maggie
and Bertha,
201
00:14:49,520 --> 00:14:51,997
he has to cross from one end
of the ship to another.
202
00:14:52,080 --> 00:14:54,117
No-one is guiding them,
no-one is saying,
203
00:14:54,200 --> 00:14:56,917
"This is the best way to get around
the flooding."
204
00:14:57,000 --> 00:14:59,341
-They have to work it out themselves.
-KNOCKING
205
00:15:03,440 --> 00:15:04,557
Come with me...
206
00:15:04,640 --> 00:15:07,880
"Come with me, the ship is sinking."
207
00:15:11,640 --> 00:15:14,397
There's hundreds of third class
passengers trying to navigate
208
00:15:14,480 --> 00:15:18,277
the warren of corridors,
hallways, staircases,
209
00:15:18,360 --> 00:15:20,517
and they're trying to get to a part
of the ship -
210
00:15:20,600 --> 00:15:23,478
the boat deck - that they've never
been allowed onto before.
211
00:15:25,000 --> 00:15:29,917
It's difficult to convey the size
of a ship like the Titanic.
212
00:15:30,000 --> 00:15:32,277
It took me 14 days
213
00:15:32,360 --> 00:15:34,717
before I could find my way from one
part of that ship
214
00:15:34,800 --> 00:15:37,557
to another via the shortest route.
215
00:15:37,640 --> 00:15:42,437
Eugene, Maggie and Bertha must
navigate up several decks
216
00:15:42,520 --> 00:15:44,317
to the boat deck.
217
00:15:44,400 --> 00:15:46,477
It's now a very challenging
situation,
218
00:15:46,560 --> 00:15:49,677
and the feeling of a loss of control
on the part of the crew
219
00:15:49,760 --> 00:15:51,917
is getting stronger and stronger.
220
00:15:52,000 --> 00:15:55,437
It was about this time that
the Chief Officer came over
221
00:15:55,520 --> 00:15:57,037
from the starboard side and asked,
222
00:15:57,120 --> 00:15:59,557
did I know where the firearms were?
223
00:15:59,640 --> 00:16:00,917
I told the Chief Officer,
224
00:16:01,000 --> 00:16:03,437
"Yes, come along and I'll get them
for you."
225
00:16:03,520 --> 00:16:05,360
Come along and I'll get them
for you.
226
00:16:07,120 --> 00:16:10,040
{\an8}Drawing weapons is very unusual.
227
00:16:12,120 --> 00:16:16,917
The officers are clearly all aware
of how panic was setting in
228
00:16:17,000 --> 00:16:20,880
and order and discipline amongst
people were falling apart.
229
00:16:22,440 --> 00:16:24,917
There are guns on board the Titanic.
230
00:16:25,000 --> 00:16:29,520
Like the lifeboats, nobody expected
to ever have to use them.
231
00:16:34,280 --> 00:16:36,397
Into the First Officer's cabin
we went -
232
00:16:36,480 --> 00:16:39,840
the Chief, Murdoch, the Captain
and myself.
233
00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:43,917
I hauled them out,
234
00:16:44,000 --> 00:16:48,000
still in all their pristine newness
and grease.
235
00:16:51,440 --> 00:16:52,800
Here you are.
236
00:16:54,760 --> 00:16:57,637
I was going out when
the Chief Officer
237
00:16:57,720 --> 00:16:59,757
shoved one of the revolvers
into my hands
238
00:16:59,840 --> 00:17:03,717
with a handful of ammunition
and said,
239
00:17:03,800 --> 00:17:06,160
"Here you are. You may need it."
240
00:17:08,080 --> 00:17:12,037
The fact of the matter is there are
far more passengers than crew.
241
00:17:12,120 --> 00:17:14,917
British and American society
at this time
242
00:17:15,000 --> 00:17:17,477
is hierarchical and
it's rules-based.
243
00:17:17,560 --> 00:17:19,597
People will do what they are told,
244
00:17:19,680 --> 00:17:22,677
but not when their lives
are at stake.
245
00:17:22,760 --> 00:17:24,477
This is what the officers fear.
246
00:17:24,560 --> 00:17:26,917
But, you know, Chekhov said,
247
00:17:27,000 --> 00:17:29,800
"You can't put a gun in the room
and not use it."
248
00:17:44,440 --> 00:17:47,477
Third class passengers naturally
gravitated towards
249
00:17:47,560 --> 00:17:48,837
the aft well deck,
250
00:17:48,920 --> 00:17:51,557
which is the outdoor space that
they'd had use of.
251
00:17:51,640 --> 00:17:54,797
But it is still three decks
below the boat deck,
252
00:17:54,880 --> 00:17:56,400
where the lifeboats are.
253
00:18:07,320 --> 00:18:10,397
There was a lot of confusion,
254
00:18:10,480 --> 00:18:12,757
with people running around,
255
00:18:12,840 --> 00:18:17,997
crying, swearing and... praying.
256
00:18:18,080 --> 00:18:19,397
Since I couldn't speak English,
257
00:18:19,480 --> 00:18:21,360
I hardly knew what was happening.
258
00:18:24,640 --> 00:18:29,560
I had to push people apart
to find a place to walk.
259
00:18:34,200 --> 00:18:35,357
She doesn't speak English,
260
00:18:35,440 --> 00:18:38,117
there's no-one experienced
to advise her,
261
00:18:38,200 --> 00:18:42,637
so she's working this all out
with so much against her.
262
00:18:42,720 --> 00:18:45,397
There's a sea of passengers
already gathered there,
263
00:18:45,480 --> 00:18:49,757
so Eugene and Anna are joining
this throng of people.
264
00:18:49,840 --> 00:18:52,117
I went up on deck.
265
00:18:52,200 --> 00:18:54,040
People were running around.
266
00:18:56,000 --> 00:18:57,917
The Titanic, being an immigrant
ship,
267
00:18:58,000 --> 00:19:02,317
it must conform to American and
British immigration laws,
268
00:19:02,400 --> 00:19:04,917
and one of those laws is
around quarantine -
269
00:19:05,000 --> 00:19:08,237
maintaining steerage class
passengers
270
00:19:08,320 --> 00:19:12,197
in areas separate from the first
and second class passengers
271
00:19:12,280 --> 00:19:14,357
to stop the spread of disease.
272
00:19:14,440 --> 00:19:17,477
Before the third class passengers
have even boarded Titanic,
273
00:19:17,560 --> 00:19:20,917
they've had to be subjected
to medical examinations.
274
00:19:21,000 --> 00:19:23,917
They're hemmed in by locked gates,
275
00:19:24,000 --> 00:19:26,917
and these same gates that were meant
to prevent ill health
276
00:19:27,000 --> 00:19:29,917
are now blocking their access
to the lifeboats.
277
00:19:30,000 --> 00:19:32,917
Eugene's cousin, Maggie, tries to go
back to her cabin -
278
00:19:33,000 --> 00:19:35,800
but that corridor is under
five foot of water.
279
00:19:37,160 --> 00:19:40,917
There's no chance she can make it,
and she turns back.
280
00:19:41,000 --> 00:19:43,917
All this time, we knew that
the water was coming up -
281
00:19:44,000 --> 00:19:45,360
and up rapidly.
282
00:19:48,000 --> 00:19:51,437
To know that safety is on the other
side of that locked gate,
283
00:19:51,520 --> 00:19:52,880
it must make them despair.
284
00:20:08,320 --> 00:20:11,597
The boat was practically full
285
00:20:11,680 --> 00:20:15,637
and there were no other women
anywhere near it
286
00:20:15,720 --> 00:20:21,677
when Fifth Officer Lowe jumped in
and ordered it lowered.
287
00:20:21,760 --> 00:20:23,040
Lower the boat.
288
00:20:25,000 --> 00:20:26,397
A young lad,
289
00:20:26,480 --> 00:20:28,317
hardly more than a schoolboy,
290
00:20:28,400 --> 00:20:31,477
was standing close to the rail.
291
00:20:31,560 --> 00:20:35,117
Now, realising he was to be
left behind,
292
00:20:35,200 --> 00:20:37,517
he leapt down into the boat
293
00:20:37,600 --> 00:20:40,520
and crawled under a seat.
294
00:20:43,760 --> 00:20:45,917
But the officer dragged him
to his feet
295
00:20:46,000 --> 00:20:48,480
and ordered him back onto the ship.
296
00:20:52,320 --> 00:20:53,637
We begged for his life.
297
00:20:53,720 --> 00:20:55,000
Please, give him a chance!
298
00:20:58,360 --> 00:21:00,917
The officer drew his revolver
299
00:21:01,000 --> 00:21:04,077
and thrust it into his face.
300
00:21:04,160 --> 00:21:07,037
GASPING
301
00:21:07,120 --> 00:21:09,397
"I give you ten seconds"
302
00:21:09,480 --> 00:21:11,917
"to get back onto that ship"
303
00:21:12,000 --> 00:21:14,240
"before I blow your brains out."
304
00:21:16,000 --> 00:21:17,757
Please! Please!
305
00:21:17,840 --> 00:21:19,637
The lad only begged harder.
306
00:21:19,720 --> 00:21:22,397
Please! Please! Please don't!
307
00:21:22,480 --> 00:21:26,000
My mother said I called out,
"Don't shoot!"
308
00:21:32,240 --> 00:21:36,040
The officer suddenly
changed his tone.
309
00:21:37,840 --> 00:21:40,517
He lowered his revolver
310
00:21:40,600 --> 00:21:44,400
and looked the boy squarely
in the eyes.
311
00:21:47,400 --> 00:21:49,477
"For God's sake, be a man."
312
00:21:49,560 --> 00:21:51,757
"We have got women and children."
313
00:21:51,840 --> 00:21:54,597
For God's sake, we have women
and children.
314
00:21:54,680 --> 00:21:59,440
The little lad turned round and
climbed back without a word.
315
00:22:04,440 --> 00:22:05,760
He was not saved.
316
00:22:08,280 --> 00:22:10,560
Lower the boats!
317
00:22:12,560 --> 00:22:15,917
To avoid another occurrence
of that sort,
318
00:22:16,000 --> 00:22:17,717
I fired my revolver
319
00:22:17,800 --> 00:22:19,680
as I was going down each deck.
320
00:22:20,640 --> 00:22:23,317
Because the boat wouldn't stand
the sudden jerk.
321
00:22:23,400 --> 00:22:26,517
She was loaded already with people
and would not stand any more.
322
00:22:26,600 --> 00:22:29,680
GUNSHOTS
323
00:22:31,400 --> 00:22:34,757
Actually drawing the gun shows that
the ship's officers
324
00:22:34,840 --> 00:22:38,917
realised that things were very,
very desperate indeed,
325
00:22:39,000 --> 00:22:43,117
and of course we did not have enough
lifeboats for everybody on board.
326
00:22:43,200 --> 00:22:46,517
There are ten lifeboats left
on deck now,
327
00:22:46,600 --> 00:22:50,677
and 1,960 people still to save.
328
00:22:50,760 --> 00:22:53,597
Titanic now was so low in the water
329
00:22:53,680 --> 00:22:56,717
that iconic areas like
the grand staircase
330
00:22:56,800 --> 00:23:00,037
and some of the luxury state rooms
were flooding.
331
00:23:00,120 --> 00:23:03,357
There was no doubt at all that this
was unstoppable.
332
00:23:03,440 --> 00:23:05,200
It was merely a question of time.
333
00:23:18,640 --> 00:23:21,120
Phillips told me the wireless
was growing weaker.
334
00:23:25,240 --> 00:23:28,037
Jack Phillips has spent
the last few hours
335
00:23:28,120 --> 00:23:31,917
trying to communicate with other
wireless operators.
336
00:23:32,000 --> 00:23:36,317
{\an8}Carpathia is sailing at full speed
towards Titanic,
337
00:23:36,400 --> 00:23:38,917
{\an8}but she's still two hours away.
338
00:23:39,000 --> 00:23:41,917
On the nearest ship,
the Californian,
339
00:23:42,000 --> 00:23:46,917
nobody recognised or responded to
the distress flares.
340
00:23:47,000 --> 00:23:50,637
But Phillips stills believes that,
as long as he can get signals out,
341
00:23:50,720 --> 00:23:54,077
he may be of some use.
342
00:23:54,160 --> 00:23:57,520
But now the electricity
is starting to fail.
343
00:23:59,560 --> 00:24:03,400
Then he does get a message from
his sister ship, Olympic.
344
00:24:10,120 --> 00:24:12,917
{\an8}But she seems not to understand
at all
345
00:24:13,000 --> 00:24:15,157
what is happening to Titanic
346
00:24:15,240 --> 00:24:17,917
and thinks Titanic must be
limping along,
347
00:24:18,000 --> 00:24:20,197
sailing towards them.
348
00:24:20,280 --> 00:24:22,917
The frustration here is now clear
349
00:24:23,000 --> 00:24:25,917
because the messages are not
getting through.
350
00:24:26,000 --> 00:24:28,917
For this young man in his
mid-twenties,
351
00:24:29,000 --> 00:24:31,680
I think this is the place of
utmost distress.
352
00:24:33,400 --> 00:24:36,917
Right now, it's clear on board ship
that no rescue vessel
353
00:24:37,000 --> 00:24:41,040
is going to reach Titanic
before she sinks.
354
00:24:49,280 --> 00:24:52,597
The third class passengers are
at most risk at this moment.
355
00:24:52,680 --> 00:24:54,597
There's the language difficulties,
356
00:24:54,680 --> 00:24:57,437
there's probably a bit of aggression
I think that's setting in -
357
00:24:57,520 --> 00:24:59,560
annoyance, frustration.
358
00:25:00,760 --> 00:25:05,917
We had quite a number of
hot-headed Italians
359
00:25:06,000 --> 00:25:10,557
and other people who got crazy
and made for the stairs.
360
00:25:10,640 --> 00:25:13,597
These men tried to rush
the stairway,
361
00:25:13,680 --> 00:25:16,640
pushing and crowding and pulling
the women down.
362
00:25:18,760 --> 00:25:23,917
{\an8}At this moment, we would expect
the adrenaline to kick in.
363
00:25:24,000 --> 00:25:25,757
The body wants to survive,
364
00:25:25,840 --> 00:25:28,077
and it gives us some sort of
innate choices.
365
00:25:28,160 --> 00:25:30,277
You might fight your way to
the front physically,
366
00:25:30,360 --> 00:25:31,397
people might freeze -
367
00:25:31,480 --> 00:25:32,717
where they're just stuck.
368
00:25:32,800 --> 00:25:34,717
They're in terror, they don't know
what to do.
369
00:25:34,800 --> 00:25:37,917
We also see people who are
turning inward,
370
00:25:38,000 --> 00:25:39,917
and that would be turning to God
as well.
371
00:25:40,000 --> 00:25:41,880
Making the sign of the cross
and so on.
372
00:25:43,000 --> 00:25:45,957
The first class deck was higher up
than the steerage deck
373
00:25:46,040 --> 00:25:48,077
and there were some steps
leading up to it
374
00:25:48,160 --> 00:25:51,237
and a gate at the
top of the steps.
375
00:25:51,320 --> 00:25:52,917
They tried to keep us down
at first
376
00:25:53,000 --> 00:25:55,146
on our steerage deck at the back
of the ship.
377
00:25:56,720 --> 00:25:59,197
They're trying to keep order,
378
00:25:59,280 --> 00:26:02,917
but by doing so in such
a chaotic way
379
00:26:03,000 --> 00:26:05,397
they probably contribute to
a greater loss of life
380
00:26:05,480 --> 00:26:07,160
than they realised.
381
00:26:10,840 --> 00:26:12,677
I can't say who they were.
382
00:26:12,760 --> 00:26:14,037
I think they were sailors.
383
00:26:14,120 --> 00:26:16,117
DANIEL SCOFFS
384
00:26:16,200 --> 00:26:19,127
They didn't want us going up to the
first class place at all.
385
00:26:22,720 --> 00:26:24,717
Even though there's no direct policy
386
00:26:24,800 --> 00:26:27,917
preventing third class passengers
from accessing lifeboats,
387
00:26:28,000 --> 00:26:30,557
it's clear from their testimony
after the sinking
388
00:26:30,640 --> 00:26:33,357
that there was not a level
playing field.
389
00:26:33,440 --> 00:26:35,557
The third class were left
marginalised
390
00:26:35,640 --> 00:26:38,320
and endangered by crew's actions.
391
00:26:43,120 --> 00:26:44,480
There was no help...
392
00:26:45,880 --> 00:26:48,040
...of any kind to reach safety.
393
00:26:54,000 --> 00:26:56,077
So, time is ticking down,
394
00:26:56,160 --> 00:26:57,557
the water's rising,
395
00:26:57,640 --> 00:26:59,197
they're sandwiched in-between
396
00:26:59,280 --> 00:27:02,277
the sea and the locked gate.
397
00:27:02,360 --> 00:27:06,757
They're having to make life or death
decisions in moments
398
00:27:06,840 --> 00:27:08,480
with very little information.
399
00:27:12,360 --> 00:27:15,917
I got talking to a young
Swedish girl
400
00:27:16,000 --> 00:27:18,760
returning to the United States.
401
00:27:19,880 --> 00:27:24,917
She knew about an emergency stairway
402
00:27:25,000 --> 00:27:26,640
to where the lifeboats were.
403
00:27:30,080 --> 00:27:32,077
Anna's interesting because
she's come from
404
00:27:32,160 --> 00:27:33,357
a different environment.
405
00:27:33,440 --> 00:27:36,637
She's come from Finland,
where the social strata
406
00:27:36,720 --> 00:27:40,117
isn't quite as defined as it is
in England at the time.
407
00:27:40,200 --> 00:27:42,237
Perhaps she has a little bit
more leeway
408
00:27:42,320 --> 00:27:47,317
to not rely on following the
authority figures' orders.
409
00:27:47,400 --> 00:27:52,037
We climb a ladder up to
the first class deck.
410
00:27:52,120 --> 00:27:55,000
And then an officer saw me...
411
00:27:56,200 --> 00:27:59,040
...and dragged me up to
the next deck.
412
00:28:04,400 --> 00:28:06,080
We passed a window...
413
00:28:07,600 --> 00:28:10,997
...and we looked into
a beautiful room.
414
00:28:11,080 --> 00:28:15,317
The tables were so beautifully set.
415
00:28:15,400 --> 00:28:19,560
The silver and all the furniture.
416
00:28:21,720 --> 00:28:22,797
The other girl,
417
00:28:22,880 --> 00:28:26,157
she wanted to kick the window out
418
00:28:26,240 --> 00:28:29,917
and walk in and help ourselves.
419
00:28:30,000 --> 00:28:32,157
ANNA SPEAKS SWEDISH
420
00:28:32,240 --> 00:28:34,917
I told her that they might make us
pay for the broken window
421
00:28:35,000 --> 00:28:37,560
so we didn't.
422
00:28:40,560 --> 00:28:42,237
There's some evidence
that growing up
423
00:28:42,320 --> 00:28:43,917
in adverse situations
424
00:28:44,000 --> 00:28:46,917
actually gives you a kind of
cognitive toolkit to be able
425
00:28:47,000 --> 00:28:48,917
to get through those situations.
426
00:28:49,000 --> 00:28:51,917
All kinds of skills where you've
needed to survive
427
00:28:52,000 --> 00:28:53,717
and depend on yourself.
428
00:28:53,800 --> 00:28:57,197
And that translates really quite
well to an emergency scenario.
429
00:28:57,280 --> 00:28:59,157
The third class passengers
have survived
430
00:28:59,240 --> 00:29:01,240
so many different challenges
already.
431
00:29:07,480 --> 00:29:10,397
They must've felt their confidence
and trust
432
00:29:10,480 --> 00:29:14,597
in the crew and officers had gone.
433
00:29:14,680 --> 00:29:17,917
I think these were people who were
not taking no for an answer.
434
00:29:18,000 --> 00:29:19,560
They couldn't keep them down.
435
00:29:24,720 --> 00:29:27,157
GUNSHOT
436
00:29:27,240 --> 00:29:28,640
The gate was broke.
437
00:29:30,400 --> 00:29:33,917
All the steerage passengers went up
onto the first class deck.
438
00:29:34,000 --> 00:29:36,717
They're going to take fate
into their own hands,
439
00:29:36,800 --> 00:29:39,557
and they will get to those boats.
440
00:29:39,640 --> 00:29:40,717
In the same way that I think,
441
00:29:40,800 --> 00:29:43,477
when Officer Lowe fired his gun,
he changed the terms -
442
00:29:43,560 --> 00:29:45,880
by breaking the gate, they changed
the terms.
443
00:29:49,880 --> 00:29:53,240
I rushed to the lifeboats.
444
00:29:55,000 --> 00:29:58,200
There seemed hundreds of people
around me.
445
00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:01,917
Half the lifeboats have
already gone.
446
00:30:02,000 --> 00:30:03,277
They're in the water.
447
00:30:03,360 --> 00:30:05,637
There's only four lifeboats
at this end of the ship,
448
00:30:05,720 --> 00:30:08,800
and the others are hundreds
of yards ahead.
449
00:30:10,320 --> 00:30:12,557
Seeing only four lifeboats available
450
00:30:12,640 --> 00:30:15,917
and nearly 2,000 people trying
to get into them,
451
00:30:16,000 --> 00:30:18,520
there is such panic in that crowd.
452
00:30:21,760 --> 00:30:24,560
Everywhere, everybody was confused.
453
00:30:25,880 --> 00:30:28,317
I saw a lot of people,
454
00:30:28,400 --> 00:30:30,037
Catholics,
455
00:30:30,120 --> 00:30:32,320
make the sign of the cross.
456
00:30:34,480 --> 00:30:36,280
I had to step...
457
00:30:38,000 --> 00:30:39,437
...on many of these people
458
00:30:39,520 --> 00:30:42,840
to reach the side of the deck.
459
00:30:46,000 --> 00:30:47,437
The crying of children
460
00:30:47,520 --> 00:30:49,477
and the screaming of a woman -
461
00:30:49,560 --> 00:30:51,397
you know, these are
terrifying sounds
462
00:30:51,480 --> 00:30:56,357
that we are programmed to have a
sort of visceral reaction to.
463
00:30:56,440 --> 00:30:58,637
I remember from living through
my trauma,
464
00:30:58,720 --> 00:31:00,157
my wounding in Afghanistan,
465
00:31:00,240 --> 00:31:03,357
sounds stay with you far more
than sights.
466
00:31:03,440 --> 00:31:05,517
That is a powerful thing
for the senses
467
00:31:05,600 --> 00:31:07,157
to take on board
468
00:31:07,240 --> 00:31:10,357
and for ultimately you to then
have to live with.
469
00:31:10,440 --> 00:31:15,917
I tried to get into a lifeboat.
470
00:31:16,000 --> 00:31:17,240
And I was pushed back.
471
00:31:23,160 --> 00:31:26,480
It seemed as though I would
go down with the ship.
472
00:31:45,200 --> 00:31:48,117
Ideas about self-control
and stoicism
473
00:31:48,200 --> 00:31:50,037
and self-sacrifice
474
00:31:50,120 --> 00:31:51,917
are celebrated
475
00:31:52,000 --> 00:31:55,917
as forms of gentlemanliness,
as well as manliness.
476
00:31:56,000 --> 00:32:00,237
These are the values that they've
been told to hold to.
477
00:32:00,320 --> 00:32:04,277
And it means putting yourself
second.
478
00:32:04,360 --> 00:32:06,117
That is the ideal
479
00:32:06,200 --> 00:32:08,560
as far as Edwardian society
is concerned.
480
00:32:12,000 --> 00:32:14,917
Bruce Ismay, who is the Managing
Director of the White Star Line,
481
00:32:15,000 --> 00:32:17,597
his father had founded
the White Star Line.
482
00:32:17,680 --> 00:32:20,157
And The Titanic is basically
his idea.
483
00:32:20,240 --> 00:32:22,917
This is the crowning achievement
of his career -
484
00:32:23,000 --> 00:32:27,677
the creation of this amazing,
opulent ship.
485
00:32:27,760 --> 00:32:34,040
And now he can see that it is all
going to the bottom of the sea.
486
00:32:43,360 --> 00:32:46,200
Did you think it was in a very
serious condition?
487
00:32:47,400 --> 00:32:50,557
As time got on, I did.
488
00:32:50,640 --> 00:32:52,717
And that the ship was sinking?
489
00:32:52,800 --> 00:32:54,040
I did.
490
00:32:56,560 --> 00:32:59,637
I helped for nearly two hours,
as far as I can judge,
491
00:32:59,720 --> 00:33:01,637
at the starboard boats,
492
00:33:01,720 --> 00:33:03,437
helping women and children
into the boats
493
00:33:03,520 --> 00:33:05,081
and lowering them over the side.
494
00:33:07,440 --> 00:33:10,757
I think the sense of responsibility
for Bruce Ismay
495
00:33:10,840 --> 00:33:12,517
must have been huge,
496
00:33:12,600 --> 00:33:15,637
and we see this in the fact
that he spends time
497
00:33:15,720 --> 00:33:17,437
patrolling the boat deck,
498
00:33:17,520 --> 00:33:19,717
putting people into boats,
499
00:33:19,800 --> 00:33:22,717
instructing crew how to behave.
500
00:33:22,800 --> 00:33:27,037
But he knows that there aren't
enough lifeboats on board.
501
00:33:27,120 --> 00:33:30,917
He knows by this point that there's
no rescue ship coming
502
00:33:31,000 --> 00:33:32,597
any time soon.
503
00:33:32,680 --> 00:33:35,520
These lives are on his conscience.
504
00:33:46,000 --> 00:33:49,957
The ship was listing heavily
505
00:33:50,040 --> 00:33:51,917
in the bow.
506
00:33:52,000 --> 00:33:54,917
Somebody gave me a push
507
00:33:55,000 --> 00:33:56,680
towards a boat...
508
00:33:59,280 --> 00:34:00,757
...and I got in.
509
00:34:00,840 --> 00:34:02,840
That girl and I went together.
510
00:34:07,120 --> 00:34:09,720
The lifeboat was so crowded.
511
00:34:24,320 --> 00:34:28,277
When I got to the deck, a lifeboat
was having from the davit.
512
00:34:28,360 --> 00:34:29,680
Number 13 boat.
513
00:34:31,560 --> 00:34:33,917
It was pretty well-filled
when I got there.
514
00:34:34,000 --> 00:34:35,360
Right!
515
00:34:37,240 --> 00:34:39,317
The boatswainer knew me,
516
00:34:39,400 --> 00:34:42,037
as I'd sailed with him on
other ships before.
517
00:34:42,120 --> 00:34:44,717
Said to me, "You get on this boat
and pull an oar."
518
00:34:44,800 --> 00:34:46,800
Get in the boat! I need oarsmen!
519
00:34:48,120 --> 00:34:49,917
Fred is in the lifeboat.
520
00:34:50,000 --> 00:34:53,477
Because, you know, he's one of those
strong enough to be able to row it.
521
00:34:53,560 --> 00:34:56,757
And at this stage, the crew is now
starting to really
522
00:34:56,840 --> 00:34:58,520
fill the lifeboats.
523
00:34:59,680 --> 00:35:01,277
So I took his orders
524
00:35:01,360 --> 00:35:03,520
and I got on as she swung
from the davits.
525
00:35:04,720 --> 00:35:08,600
We had women, men and
two little babies.
526
00:35:09,840 --> 00:35:11,717
One two months old
527
00:35:11,800 --> 00:35:13,360
and the other ten months old.
528
00:35:16,080 --> 00:35:17,397
There is no real order.
529
00:35:17,480 --> 00:35:19,637
People are sitting on top
of one another.
530
00:35:19,720 --> 00:35:21,317
And, you know, you're sort of
being crushed
531
00:35:21,400 --> 00:35:23,637
underneath this mass of people.
532
00:35:23,720 --> 00:35:26,197
It's suspended by davits
533
00:35:26,280 --> 00:35:28,197
off the side of the ship
at this point.
534
00:35:28,280 --> 00:35:31,237
It's about 18 metres
above the water.
535
00:35:31,320 --> 00:35:34,917
But every person that gets in
adds that weight,
536
00:35:35,000 --> 00:35:36,917
adds that movement, adds that risk.
537
00:35:37,000 --> 00:35:40,122
And so there has to be a point at
which you say, "That's enough."
538
00:35:41,400 --> 00:35:44,917
About three more people got in
after I did,
539
00:35:45,000 --> 00:35:46,157
and then the orders were given.
540
00:35:46,240 --> 00:35:49,040
"Let no more on that boat or
the falls will break."
541
00:35:51,080 --> 00:35:53,397
That means looking into the whites
of people's eyes
542
00:35:53,480 --> 00:35:55,480
and saying there's no more space.
543
00:36:10,440 --> 00:36:12,400
The boat was being filled
with women.
544
00:36:18,840 --> 00:36:20,680
Maggie and Bertha got in.
545
00:36:22,120 --> 00:36:23,640
And I got in.
546
00:36:28,280 --> 00:36:32,040
The officer called me to go back,
but I got in.
547
00:36:33,320 --> 00:36:35,597
Life was sweet to me
548
00:36:35,680 --> 00:36:39,120
and I wanted to save myself.
549
00:36:40,360 --> 00:36:42,157
It was the early hours of
the morning,
550
00:36:42,240 --> 00:36:44,117
the lifeboats were being filled
to the brim now,
551
00:36:44,200 --> 00:36:45,277
over-filled.
552
00:36:45,360 --> 00:36:47,917
Naturally some male passengers
want to get in.
553
00:36:48,000 --> 00:36:49,477
They want to be with their
loved ones.
554
00:36:49,560 --> 00:36:51,237
And they just want to save
their lives,
555
00:36:51,320 --> 00:36:52,680
as any of us would.
556
00:36:54,320 --> 00:36:56,597
They told me to get out,
557
00:36:56,680 --> 00:36:58,120
but I didn't stir.
558
00:37:00,800 --> 00:37:03,800
Then they got a hold of me
and pulled me out.
559
00:37:05,880 --> 00:37:08,597
Eugene's testimony makes me
like him.
560
00:37:08,680 --> 00:37:10,677
I think he's honest, he's frank.
561
00:37:10,760 --> 00:37:14,277
He's not trying to put a spin
on his own behaviour
562
00:37:14,360 --> 00:37:15,957
or anyone else's.
563
00:37:16,040 --> 00:37:18,557
I get the feeling of a real
historical account
564
00:37:18,640 --> 00:37:21,237
in its warts-and-all attitude.
565
00:37:21,320 --> 00:37:23,157
What's sad about this story
566
00:37:23,240 --> 00:37:25,917
is that most of those officers knew
the people
567
00:37:26,000 --> 00:37:27,437
that they were turning away -
568
00:37:27,520 --> 00:37:30,840
in the sense that they were from
the same class, the same kind.
569
00:37:32,160 --> 00:37:35,000
Well, if I didn't save myself...
570
00:37:36,240 --> 00:37:38,680
...at least I saved the two girls.
571
00:38:03,200 --> 00:38:04,917
Captain Smith had severe doubts
572
00:38:05,000 --> 00:38:09,277
about whether a fully laden lifeboat
could be lowered properly.
573
00:38:09,360 --> 00:38:10,917
He knew there were a lot of people
574
00:38:11,000 --> 00:38:14,477
waiting down at the gangway doors
to get into boats,
575
00:38:14,560 --> 00:38:15,597
and therefore he thought,
576
00:38:15,680 --> 00:38:18,077
"How can I manage to get
these boats full?"
577
00:38:18,160 --> 00:38:20,597
"How can I save as many of
the people"
578
00:38:20,680 --> 00:38:24,120
"whose lives I am responsible for
as is possible?"
579
00:38:27,000 --> 00:38:28,157
{\an8}The captain came and said,
580
00:38:28,240 --> 00:38:30,437
{\an8}"Mr Boxhall, you go away
in that boat,"
581
00:38:30,520 --> 00:38:32,440
{\an8}pointing to boat number two.
582
00:38:36,400 --> 00:38:39,517
I tumbled into this lifeboat
and started to lower her,
583
00:38:39,600 --> 00:38:41,677
and the captain looked over
and told me,
584
00:38:41,760 --> 00:38:43,677
"Go round to the starboard side..."
585
00:38:43,760 --> 00:38:45,437
To the gangway doors!
586
00:38:45,520 --> 00:38:47,917
Which was practically on
the opposite side
587
00:38:48,000 --> 00:38:49,320
to where I was lowered.
588
00:38:50,680 --> 00:38:51,837
Pull!
589
00:38:51,920 --> 00:38:54,117
So Boxhall's lifeboat
590
00:38:54,200 --> 00:38:56,157
was only about 45% full,
591
00:38:56,240 --> 00:38:58,357
was meant to go round to
the starboard side
592
00:38:58,440 --> 00:39:01,317
of the ship to take on
more passengers.
593
00:39:01,400 --> 00:39:03,037
Pull!
594
00:39:03,120 --> 00:39:07,040
I had great difficulty in getting
that boat around there.
595
00:39:08,800 --> 00:39:10,240
There was suction.
596
00:39:11,640 --> 00:39:13,040
Pull!
597
00:39:14,640 --> 00:39:17,397
I was using the stroke oar
standing up
598
00:39:17,480 --> 00:39:19,917
and there was this lady helping.
599
00:39:20,000 --> 00:39:22,400
She was steering around
the ship's stern.
600
00:39:23,680 --> 00:39:26,197
When I passed around the boat
601
00:39:26,280 --> 00:39:29,000
to get to the gangway door
on the starboard side...
602
00:39:30,600 --> 00:39:32,356
...her propellers were out of water.
603
00:39:34,920 --> 00:39:37,000
But when I did eventually
reach there...
604
00:39:39,400 --> 00:39:43,237
...I found that there was such a mob
standing at the gangway doors.
605
00:39:43,320 --> 00:39:45,600
SHOUTING
606
00:39:59,920 --> 00:40:02,037
If they jumped,
607
00:40:02,120 --> 00:40:03,480
they'd swamp the boat.
608
00:40:05,560 --> 00:40:08,477
I daren't go alongside.
609
00:40:08,560 --> 00:40:10,200
She was only a small boat.
610
00:40:15,280 --> 00:40:19,197
Boxhall should've made sure that
he filled the lifeboat up,
611
00:40:19,280 --> 00:40:22,237
and take necessary action to make
sure he wasn't swamped.
612
00:40:22,320 --> 00:40:25,437
He was in a position to do that -
and he didn't.
613
00:40:25,520 --> 00:40:27,837
Pull!
614
00:40:27,920 --> 00:40:28,997
It's a really tricky one -
615
00:40:29,080 --> 00:40:32,077
because, yes, crew should
follow orders
616
00:40:32,160 --> 00:40:34,797
and the structure of discipline
is how you can try
617
00:40:34,880 --> 00:40:38,197
and create some form of order
in moments of chaos.
618
00:40:38,280 --> 00:40:40,917
There is a good reason why,
619
00:40:41,000 --> 00:40:42,597
you know, in circumstances,
620
00:40:42,680 --> 00:40:44,557
we are not to question orders.
621
00:40:44,640 --> 00:40:45,917
Having said that,
622
00:40:46,000 --> 00:40:48,197
it's all well and good
one of your superiors
623
00:40:48,280 --> 00:40:49,917
giving you an order.
624
00:40:50,000 --> 00:40:52,117
But they're not seeing the
circumstances
625
00:40:52,200 --> 00:40:53,480
that you are witnessing.
626
00:40:56,000 --> 00:40:57,397
Pull!
627
00:40:57,480 --> 00:40:59,800
I pulled off and laid off...
628
00:41:01,440 --> 00:41:06,320
...until I pulled away about a
quarter of a mile, I suppose.
629
00:41:31,000 --> 00:41:34,117
So, the instinct to row away
is very normal,
630
00:41:34,200 --> 00:41:35,477
very human.
631
00:41:35,560 --> 00:41:37,917
Everybody wants to get away
from the scene
632
00:41:38,000 --> 00:41:39,917
of an accident or a disaster.
633
00:41:40,000 --> 00:41:42,397
And this ship is huge.
634
00:41:42,480 --> 00:41:45,040
People had never seen anything
this big.
635
00:41:50,000 --> 00:41:52,917
Captain Smith is out there
with his megaphone
636
00:41:53,000 --> 00:41:54,117
barking orders...
637
00:41:54,200 --> 00:41:55,757
Bring those boats back!
638
00:41:55,840 --> 00:41:59,640
...for the lifeboats to come back
and pick up other passengers.
639
00:42:09,240 --> 00:42:10,917
It's almost instinctive,
640
00:42:11,000 --> 00:42:14,477
and it's driven into you from the
day you join the Royal Navy -
641
00:42:14,560 --> 00:42:17,917
or the Merchant Navy - that you obey
your captain and do as he says.
642
00:42:18,000 --> 00:42:19,917
He is God, in a sense.
643
00:42:20,000 --> 00:42:22,437
And therefore not to do
as you're told
644
00:42:22,520 --> 00:42:24,040
is a heinous crime.
645
00:42:28,520 --> 00:42:29,717
Quartermaster Hichens,
646
00:42:29,800 --> 00:42:33,197
who was in command of one of
the lifeboats, said,
647
00:42:33,280 --> 00:42:35,397
"It's our lives now, not theirs."
648
00:42:35,480 --> 00:42:37,317
I find that quite extraordinary.
649
00:42:37,400 --> 00:42:38,597
The bottom line should be:
650
00:42:38,680 --> 00:42:41,037
"I want to save as many as I can."
651
00:42:41,120 --> 00:42:44,000
"It's our lives now, not theirs."
652
00:42:45,000 --> 00:42:47,157
This is the moment of mutiny.
653
00:42:47,240 --> 00:42:51,557
This is when all order
has broken down.
654
00:42:51,640 --> 00:42:54,677
"We are not going to stand by
any more and drown"
655
00:42:54,760 --> 00:42:56,717
"because you tell us to."
656
00:42:56,800 --> 00:42:58,000
Fair enough.
657
00:43:03,840 --> 00:43:07,917
We had gone perhaps half a mile
658
00:43:08,000 --> 00:43:11,040
when the officer ordered
the men to cease rowing.
659
00:43:15,800 --> 00:43:17,677
No other boat was in sight.
660
00:43:17,760 --> 00:43:21,880
We didn't even have a lantern
to signal with.
661
00:43:23,840 --> 00:43:26,597
We lay there in the silence
662
00:43:26,680 --> 00:43:30,640
and darkness of that calm sea.
663
00:43:35,920 --> 00:43:38,240
No sound reached us...
664
00:43:35,920 --> 00:43:38,240
MUSIC PLAYS
665
00:43:40,360 --> 00:43:42,917
...except the music from the band,
666
00:43:43,000 --> 00:43:47,040
which I was aware of
for the first time.
667
00:43:49,520 --> 00:43:54,040
Those... brave musicians.
668
00:43:56,360 --> 00:44:00,317
They were playing lively tunes.
669
00:44:00,400 --> 00:44:01,720
Ragtime.
670
00:44:05,160 --> 00:44:08,237
I will never forget the terrible
beauty
671
00:44:08,320 --> 00:44:10,040
of the Titanic at that moment.
672
00:44:21,400 --> 00:44:24,480
I started to count the rows
of lights.
673
00:44:27,120 --> 00:44:29,077
One,
674
00:44:29,160 --> 00:44:31,717
two,
675
00:44:31,800 --> 00:44:33,797
three,
676
00:44:33,880 --> 00:44:35,797
four,
677
00:44:35,880 --> 00:44:37,560
five...
678
00:44:41,000 --> 00:44:42,400
I stopped.
679
00:44:44,000 --> 00:44:46,360
Surely I had miscounted?
680
00:44:50,680 --> 00:44:53,717
I went over them again,
more carefully,
681
00:44:53,800 --> 00:44:56,480
and I had made no mistake.
682
00:44:59,000 --> 00:45:00,760
There were only five decks now.
683
00:45:02,240 --> 00:45:04,397
As if all could read my mind,
684
00:45:04,480 --> 00:45:07,760
the women in the boat started
to weep.
685
00:45:09,000 --> 00:45:13,200
Some silently, some unrestrainedly.
686
00:45:20,000 --> 00:45:23,037
Just before launching
the last lifeboats,
687
00:45:23,120 --> 00:45:27,157
I'd made my final hurried visit
to the emergency stairway
688
00:45:27,240 --> 00:45:29,280
to gauge how quickly she was
going down.
689
00:45:36,360 --> 00:45:41,197
It was then conclusively evident
that not only was she going,
690
00:45:41,280 --> 00:45:44,240
but she was going very soon.
691
00:45:48,000 --> 00:45:50,557
Even in pants and sweater
over pyjamas alone,
692
00:45:50,640 --> 00:45:52,240
I was in a bath of perspiration.
693
00:45:53,760 --> 00:45:58,197
If we were to avoid the disgrace
of going down with lifeboats
694
00:45:58,280 --> 00:45:59,597
still hanging to the davits,
695
00:45:59,680 --> 00:46:01,600
there wasn't one moment to lose.
696
00:46:11,240 --> 00:46:14,160
The forward well deck
was under water.
697
00:46:16,560 --> 00:46:18,440
I saw Phillips still sending away.
698
00:46:19,680 --> 00:46:22,757
I suspect many people on the ship
by now
699
00:46:22,840 --> 00:46:24,477
were in an altered state,
700
00:46:24,560 --> 00:46:28,397
which we know is what happens when
people are facing death.
701
00:46:28,480 --> 00:46:31,717
Jack Phillips won't leave his post.
702
00:46:31,800 --> 00:46:36,797
It is a clear, single focus on what
he believed to be right.
703
00:46:36,880 --> 00:46:38,917
And he believes the right thing
to do
704
00:46:39,000 --> 00:46:41,997
is to stay there until
it's all over.
705
00:46:42,080 --> 00:46:45,197
Again, Phillips called SQD and SOS
for nearly five minutes
706
00:46:45,280 --> 00:46:46,520
and got no reply.
707
00:46:56,560 --> 00:46:59,717
We now realised the awful
state of affairs,
708
00:46:59,800 --> 00:47:02,120
the ship listing heavily to port
and forward.
709
00:47:03,720 --> 00:47:05,117
I thought it was about time
to look about
710
00:47:05,200 --> 00:47:07,997
and see if there was anything
that would float.
711
00:47:08,080 --> 00:47:11,000
I remembered that every member
of the crew had a lifebelt.
712
00:47:12,320 --> 00:47:14,437
And then I thought how cold
the water was.
713
00:47:14,520 --> 00:47:17,717
I remembered I had some boots,
and I put those on -
714
00:47:17,800 --> 00:47:19,077
and an extra jacket.
715
00:47:19,160 --> 00:47:20,637
We picked up the Olympic
and told them
716
00:47:20,720 --> 00:47:23,280
we were sinking by the head
and were about all down.
717
00:47:24,600 --> 00:47:27,717
Phillips is leading from the front.
718
00:47:27,800 --> 00:47:29,237
He's a hero.
719
00:47:29,320 --> 00:47:32,637
It's easier to understand
720
00:47:32,720 --> 00:47:35,837
fear and self-interest
721
00:47:35,920 --> 00:47:38,077
than it is to understand
722
00:47:38,160 --> 00:47:40,917
sacrifice and heroism,
723
00:47:41,000 --> 00:47:42,917
especially now in our world.
724
00:47:43,000 --> 00:47:47,277
We think that everything is about
greed and "me first".
725
00:47:47,360 --> 00:47:49,957
That generation did not.
726
00:47:50,040 --> 00:47:51,197
As Phillips was sending the message,
727
00:47:51,280 --> 00:47:53,837
I strapped the lifebelt
to his back.
728
00:47:53,920 --> 00:47:55,917
I'd already put on his overcoat.
729
00:47:56,000 --> 00:47:58,237
I wondered if I could get him
into his boots.
730
00:47:58,320 --> 00:48:02,477
Just at that moment, the captain
came into the cabin
731
00:48:02,560 --> 00:48:05,437
and said, "Men, you have done
your full duty."
732
00:48:05,520 --> 00:48:07,157
"You can do no more."
733
00:48:07,240 --> 00:48:08,480
Abandon your cabin.
734
00:48:09,600 --> 00:48:11,917
Now it's every man for himself.
735
00:48:12,000 --> 00:48:13,320
"I release you."
736
00:48:15,560 --> 00:48:17,317
"Every man for himself now."
737
00:48:17,400 --> 00:48:18,997
In the conflicts I trained for,
738
00:48:19,080 --> 00:48:20,917
it's unimaginable that we would ever
find ourselves
739
00:48:21,000 --> 00:48:23,917
in a circumstance where it was
every man for themselves.
740
00:48:24,000 --> 00:48:25,717
All of the order has been lost,
741
00:48:25,800 --> 00:48:29,037
and actually trying to maintain
that order -
742
00:48:29,120 --> 00:48:31,757
whether it's, you know, pointing
a gun at a crowd
743
00:48:31,840 --> 00:48:34,917
or screaming at the top
of your voice -
744
00:48:35,000 --> 00:48:36,557
all you're doing in that
circumstance
745
00:48:36,640 --> 00:48:37,957
is wasting energy.
746
00:48:38,040 --> 00:48:40,040
SHOUTING
747
00:48:52,000 --> 00:48:53,917
The last of the hard-hulled
lifeboats
748
00:48:54,000 --> 00:48:55,437
have been dispatched,
749
00:48:55,520 --> 00:49:00,517
but there is still two collapsable
lifeboats left on the boat deck.
750
00:49:00,600 --> 00:49:04,040
They're a little bit more flimsy,
but they still are a lifeline.
751
00:49:06,320 --> 00:49:08,597
{\an8}There was some disturbance
752
00:49:08,680 --> 00:49:11,040
{\an8}loading the last two forward boats.
753
00:49:12,640 --> 00:49:15,917
A large crowd of men were pressing
to get into them -
754
00:49:16,000 --> 00:49:18,477
though there were many crew
and men lined up
755
00:49:18,560 --> 00:49:21,117
with apparently not a thought
756
00:49:21,200 --> 00:49:24,440
at attempting to board the boats
without orders.
757
00:49:28,560 --> 00:49:30,317
I saw Bruce Ismay,
758
00:49:30,400 --> 00:49:35,797
who had been assisting in loading
the last boat,
759
00:49:35,880 --> 00:49:37,280
push his way into it.
760
00:49:44,160 --> 00:49:46,240
It really was every man for himself.
761
00:49:50,400 --> 00:49:54,037
Bruce Ismay decides to save himself.
762
00:49:54,120 --> 00:49:56,197
He is about the only man on board
763
00:49:56,280 --> 00:49:58,717
who can't be ordered out
of that spot
764
00:49:58,800 --> 00:50:00,360
by any of the remaining crew.
765
00:50:06,560 --> 00:50:07,917
You were one of those,
766
00:50:08,000 --> 00:50:09,277
as the Managing Director,
767
00:50:09,360 --> 00:50:12,517
responsible for determining
the number of lifeboats.
768
00:50:12,600 --> 00:50:16,557
Yes, in conjunction with
the shipbuilders.
769
00:50:16,640 --> 00:50:17,917
When you got into the boat,
770
00:50:18,000 --> 00:50:20,077
you thought that The Titanic
was sinking?
771
00:50:20,160 --> 00:50:21,597
I did.
772
00:50:21,680 --> 00:50:24,517
Did you know that there were some
hundreds of people on that ship?
773
00:50:24,600 --> 00:50:26,037
Yes.
774
00:50:26,120 --> 00:50:28,277
Who must go down with her?
775
00:50:28,360 --> 00:50:30,040
Yes, I did.
776
00:50:32,800 --> 00:50:34,837
Prepare to lower the lifeboat.
777
00:50:34,920 --> 00:50:37,117
Has it occurred to you that you,
778
00:50:37,200 --> 00:50:39,557
as the responsible
Managing Director,
779
00:50:39,640 --> 00:50:41,637
deciding the number of boats,
780
00:50:41,720 --> 00:50:44,917
owed your life to every other
person on that ship?
781
00:50:45,000 --> 00:50:46,320
It has not.
782
00:50:48,000 --> 00:50:51,717
I have searched my mind
with the deepest care.
783
00:50:51,800 --> 00:50:55,157
I'm sure I did nothing that
I shouldn't have done.
784
00:50:55,240 --> 00:50:56,720
My conscience is clear.
785
00:50:58,280 --> 00:51:00,717
I took a chance of escape when it
came to me.
786
00:51:00,800 --> 00:51:02,200
I did not seek it.
787
00:51:03,600 --> 00:51:06,277
It is true I am president
of the company,
788
00:51:06,360 --> 00:51:08,517
but I didn't consider myself
any different
789
00:51:08,600 --> 00:51:10,360
from the rest of the passengers.
790
00:51:11,600 --> 00:51:13,480
I took no other man's place.
791
00:51:21,200 --> 00:51:23,000
"I took no man's place."
792
00:51:24,120 --> 00:51:27,597
This is palpably untrue,
793
00:51:27,680 --> 00:51:29,200
but I think he must believe it.
794
00:51:30,400 --> 00:51:34,757
I think that Bruce Ismay comes
from a class of society
795
00:51:34,840 --> 00:51:37,917
who believes that they have
everything they have
796
00:51:38,000 --> 00:51:41,637
because of grit and character.
797
00:51:41,720 --> 00:51:43,597
I mean, it's like being
a billionaire today
798
00:51:43,680 --> 00:51:45,797
in a world of hungry people.
799
00:51:45,880 --> 00:51:47,757
The only way you can live
with yourself
800
00:51:47,840 --> 00:51:52,197
is to imagine that you deserve it
in some way.
801
00:51:52,280 --> 00:51:55,677
And so I think that Bruce Ismay
802
00:51:55,760 --> 00:52:00,917
believes, contrary to all
rational fact,
803
00:52:01,000 --> 00:52:03,317
that he hasn't taken someone else's
place.
804
00:52:03,400 --> 00:52:06,680
Even though he really must know
internally that he has.
805
00:52:20,360 --> 00:52:23,400
There was a terrible crowd
standing about.
806
00:52:29,080 --> 00:52:32,077
The officer in charge pointed
a revolver,
807
00:52:32,160 --> 00:52:37,037
waved his hand and said that if
any man tried to get in,
808
00:52:37,120 --> 00:52:38,597
he'd shoot him on the spot.
809
00:52:38,680 --> 00:52:40,640
If anyone tries to enter,
I will shoot.
810
00:52:42,000 --> 00:52:45,517
Two men tried to break through
and he shot them both.
811
00:52:45,600 --> 00:52:47,957
GUNSHOTS
812
00:52:48,040 --> 00:52:50,040
SCREAMING
813
00:52:53,480 --> 00:52:55,240
I saw him shoot them.
814
00:52:57,320 --> 00:52:58,520
I saw them lying.
815
00:53:00,480 --> 00:53:02,357
One seemed to be dead,
816
00:53:02,440 --> 00:53:05,037
the other was trying to pull himself
817
00:53:05,120 --> 00:53:07,266
up at the side of the deck -
but he couldn't.
818
00:53:10,360 --> 00:53:13,237
I tried to get to the boat myself
819
00:53:13,320 --> 00:53:15,760
but was afraid I would be shot.
820
00:53:16,840 --> 00:53:18,200
And stayed back.
821
00:53:35,680 --> 00:53:39,437
When we rowed away from the Titanic,
822
00:53:39,520 --> 00:53:42,000
my face was towards the sinking
steamer.
823
00:53:50,520 --> 00:53:52,000
The things I saw...
824
00:53:53,480 --> 00:53:55,040
...I'll never forget.
825
00:54:00,720 --> 00:54:02,000
I saw an officer...
826
00:54:04,120 --> 00:54:08,480
...shoot himself through the temple
with a revolver.
827
00:54:11,640 --> 00:54:13,200
GUNSHOT
828
00:54:17,800 --> 00:54:21,717
The story of the officer shooting
himself is contested.
829
00:54:21,800 --> 00:54:25,917
Even the name of the officer
is in dispute.
830
00:54:26,000 --> 00:54:27,917
They were meant to help others,
not shoot them -
831
00:54:28,000 --> 00:54:30,237
and you're certainly not meant
to shoot yourself
832
00:54:30,320 --> 00:54:31,760
when you make a mistake.
833
00:54:33,800 --> 00:54:37,760
I saw the officer himself
lying on the deck.
834
00:54:39,280 --> 00:54:40,920
They told me he shot himself.
835
00:54:43,400 --> 00:54:45,917
It's not a line of inquiry
that is pursued,
836
00:54:46,000 --> 00:54:47,917
and I think that is because,
837
00:54:48,000 --> 00:54:51,677
in Edwardian society, there is such
a taboo
838
00:54:51,760 --> 00:54:53,800
around death by suicide.
839
00:54:54,760 --> 00:54:56,757
It looks like the easy way out,
840
00:54:56,840 --> 00:54:58,920
though it can hardly have been so.
841
00:55:01,120 --> 00:55:04,037
It suggests that the people
who did it
842
00:55:04,120 --> 00:55:07,637
have failed that test of being
an Edwardian man,
843
00:55:07,720 --> 00:55:12,517
which is to demonstrate heroicism
and courage
844
00:55:12,600 --> 00:55:16,840
and stoicism in the face
of disaster.
845
00:55:40,800 --> 00:55:44,277
Death stares everyone in the face -
846
00:55:44,360 --> 00:55:46,720
some will escape, some won't.
847
00:55:49,760 --> 00:55:53,717
Jack Phillips - he's young,
but he's responsible,
848
00:55:53,800 --> 00:55:55,597
he's self-reliant.
849
00:55:55,680 --> 00:55:58,397
He thinks he's going to die.
850
00:55:58,480 --> 00:56:03,840
And so he decides to die doing his
best for everyone else.
851
00:56:07,520 --> 00:56:09,397
Phillips clung on for about
ten minutes
852
00:56:09,480 --> 00:56:11,320
after the captain had released him.
853
00:56:18,840 --> 00:56:20,480
I learned to love him that night.
854
00:56:23,240 --> 00:56:24,600
I suddenly felt for him...
855
00:56:25,920 --> 00:56:29,357
...a great reverence, to see him
standing there,
856
00:56:29,440 --> 00:56:30,680
sticking to his work...
857
00:56:31,680 --> 00:56:34,040
...while everybody else
was raging about.
858
00:56:40,560 --> 00:56:43,757
I will never forget the work
of Phillips
859
00:56:43,840 --> 00:56:46,040
for those last awful minutes.
860
00:56:52,240 --> 00:56:53,640
He was a brave man.
861
00:56:59,200 --> 00:57:03,917
People find themselves facing this
life or death moment together.
862
00:57:04,000 --> 00:57:06,040
Titanic broke in two before my eyes.
863
00:57:07,920 --> 00:57:10,557
Striking water was like
1,000 knives
864
00:57:10,640 --> 00:57:12,400
being driven into one's body.
865
00:57:14,000 --> 00:57:16,917
To die slowly within earshot
of people
866
00:57:17,000 --> 00:57:18,637
who might save your life -
867
00:57:18,720 --> 00:57:20,800
{\an8}there's a particular cruelty
to that.
65845
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