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Narrator: America teeters
on the brink of destruction.
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Almost a year and
a half has passed
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00:00:12,122 --> 00:00:14,789
since 11 southern
states declared war
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00:00:14,791 --> 00:00:17,459
on the government
of Abraham Lincoln.
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Despite being
outgunned and outmanned
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by larger northern forces,
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00:00:21,931 --> 00:00:25,333
the confederate
armies seem invincible.
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00:00:25,335 --> 00:00:28,403
Now, after a string
of victories in Virginia,
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rebel general Robert e. Lee
has done the unthinkable.
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For the first time
in the civil war,
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the rebels have
invaded the north.
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This is the first time
the United States
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is facing invasion.
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That hasn't happened before.
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Baltimore is threatened.
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Pennsylvania is threatened.
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00:00:43,887 --> 00:00:46,421
Washington is more
threatened now than ever.
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If there ever was a moment
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where Lincoln needed
a win, this was it.
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Narrator: Near the banks
of the antietam creek,
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00:00:52,229 --> 00:00:54,563
yankee soldiers will
launch a desperate attack
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to end the invasion
and save the union.
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As the battle rages,
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00:00:59,036 --> 00:01:01,536
shock troops from
the 1st Texas infantry
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will clash with union's
elite iron brigade.
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And fire!
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Their battleground will become
one of the deadliest places
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in all of the civil war.
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There are very few places
on civil war battlefields
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that approach the cornfield
in terms of carnage.
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Narrator: Their fight will
become part of the bloodiest day
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in American military history...
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There's too many.
We'll never hold them.
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And will forever
change the nation.
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Fire!
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Once you've had
a day like antietam,
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there's no going back to
the country as it was before.
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Captions by vitac...
www.Vitac.Com
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captions paid for by
discovery communications
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Narrator: The civil
war has entered its 18th
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blood-soaked month.
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Following the crushing
defeat of the union forces
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00:02:07,638 --> 00:02:11,840
at the second battle of
bull run in late August,
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many in the north believe
the war could soon be lost.
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Morale within the union
army has plummeted.
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Despite the best
efforts of the north
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to crush the rebellion,
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the confederacy still clings
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to 750,000 square miles
of American territory.
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Frye: People are
getting tired of this war,
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00:02:33,597 --> 00:02:35,063
especially in the north.
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There is a fatigue.
There is a weariness.
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And there's also this feeling
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of desperation and frustration.
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"Why can't we win?
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We have the bigger armies.
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We have the industry.
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We have the population.
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What's wrong?"
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00:02:53,750 --> 00:02:55,817
Narrator: Much of the credit
for the confederate success
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lies with one man...
General Robert e. Lee.
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00:03:01,091 --> 00:03:03,625
Robert e. Lee
certainly ranks among
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america's military geniuses.
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A great strategist,
a great tactician.
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Narrator: After assuming
command three months earlier,
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his forces seem unbeatable.
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00:03:15,639 --> 00:03:19,307
Lee is best remembered as bold.
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Narrator: And he's
about to embark
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on his boldest
course of action yet.
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00:03:23,780 --> 00:03:27,649
Lee believed that if the
confederacy was to win,
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it had to win quickly.
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00:03:29,386 --> 00:03:31,252
He could hear
that clock ticking.
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Every day, every week,
every month that passed,
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00:03:33,990 --> 00:03:36,725
the louder and
louder that clock got.
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00:03:40,197 --> 00:03:42,264
With the northern
advantages in manpower,
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00:03:42,266 --> 00:03:45,133
material, resource, industry...
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it motivated his decision
to take a bold gamble.
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00:03:54,878 --> 00:03:58,079
Narrator: In early September,
Lee takes that gamble.
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Frye: Lee understands
that you must
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00:04:02,552 --> 00:04:04,352
take opportunity and seize it.
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00:04:04,354 --> 00:04:06,421
The time has come.
The moment is here.
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Lee must launch.
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Narrator: And launch he does.
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More than 40,000
confederate troops
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cross the potomac
river and enter Maryland.
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00:04:18,701 --> 00:04:22,103
Despite being outnumbered
by the larger northern forces,
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00:04:22,105 --> 00:04:23,971
Lee is confident
that hard-fighting men
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00:04:23,973 --> 00:04:28,576
like his Texas
brigade can't be beat.
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Frye: Robert e. Lee's
shock troops... hood's texans.
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00:04:32,916 --> 00:04:34,982
They were ferocious.
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00:04:34,984 --> 00:04:36,517
They were loud.
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00:04:36,519 --> 00:04:40,322
Nobody could do the rebel
yell better than those texans.
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00:04:40,324 --> 00:04:44,725
And they knew that when
they were called upon,
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00:04:44,727 --> 00:04:46,761
they were either
going to be cleaning up
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or clearing out or
trying to save the army.
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Narrator: William
gaston is an officer
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with the 1st Texas infantry.
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00:05:00,677 --> 00:05:04,812
He fights alongside his
younger brother, Robert.
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00:05:04,814 --> 00:05:06,815
Raised on a farm in east Texas,
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00:05:06,817 --> 00:05:10,151
the gastons Rose
quickly through the ranks.
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00:05:10,153 --> 00:05:11,819
William serves as a captain.
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00:05:11,821 --> 00:05:13,687
Robert, a lieutenant.
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How is it you always
seem to turn up
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when the work's just about done?
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Ain't my fault.
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Y'all were the handy
one in the family.
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00:05:20,630 --> 00:05:22,897
Please tell me you
found something to eat.
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00:05:22,899 --> 00:05:26,334
If there's apples in that
bag, I might have to shoot ya.
109
00:05:29,773 --> 00:05:31,705
Colonel's looking
into our rations.
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God as my witness,
soon as we get home
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00:05:33,643 --> 00:05:36,311
I'll never eat
another apple again.
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00:05:36,313 --> 00:05:38,213
I won't even let
someone say the word.
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This might help lift
your spirits some.
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00:05:45,188 --> 00:05:46,821
It's yankee, though.
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Hmm.
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Looks like fighting
ain't the only thing
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they can't do worth a damn.
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Despite the long march
north and the lack of rations,
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they're confident that
the dream of a free south
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00:06:01,737 --> 00:06:03,538
can soon be realized.
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00:06:03,540 --> 00:06:06,006
They often went
without much to eat.
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00:06:06,008 --> 00:06:08,476
Somehow, they had
the perseverance,
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00:06:08,478 --> 00:06:09,944
the endurance,
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00:06:09,946 --> 00:06:14,215
the determination to keep
moving, keep marching.
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00:06:14,217 --> 00:06:15,883
They believed in Lee.
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00:06:15,885 --> 00:06:17,986
They believed in their cause.
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00:06:23,360 --> 00:06:24,625
I don't know what's
more alarming,
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00:06:24,627 --> 00:06:26,494
the fact that you still
got a pair of drawers
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00:06:26,496 --> 00:06:28,963
or that I can see them
through your trousers.
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00:06:28,965 --> 00:06:30,298
What are all those
Yankees gonna say
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when they see a texan officer
with his drawers showing?
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Brother, alls you've
got to worry about
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00:06:34,637 --> 00:06:38,506
is what I look like right here.
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00:06:38,508 --> 00:06:41,976
And just why is that?
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Because no damn yankee's
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00:06:43,246 --> 00:06:47,181
ever gonna see the
backside of a texan.
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00:06:47,183 --> 00:06:49,450
The arrival of men
like the texans spreads
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00:06:49,452 --> 00:06:52,186
a wave of fear across the union.
139
00:06:52,188 --> 00:06:56,123
Lee's army moving into
Maryland in the fall of '62 is...
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00:06:56,125 --> 00:06:58,593
Creates a crisis in
Washington. There's panic.
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00:06:58,595 --> 00:07:01,662
A lot of people in the south are
thinking victory might be near.
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00:07:01,664 --> 00:07:05,433
People in the north are thinking
this very well may be over.
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00:07:07,737 --> 00:07:10,738
Narrator: A mere 70 miles
away in the nation's capital,
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00:07:10,740 --> 00:07:12,340
Abraham Lincoln is facing some
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00:07:12,342 --> 00:07:15,810
of the most difficult
days of his presidency.
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00:07:15,812 --> 00:07:17,612
Lincoln knows the
union cannot afford
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00:07:17,614 --> 00:07:20,281
to lose on northern soil.
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Since the war began
17 months earlier,
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00:07:22,619 --> 00:07:24,486
the stakes had not
yet been as high
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00:07:24,488 --> 00:07:27,355
as they were in
September of '62.
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00:07:27,357 --> 00:07:29,624
Early September, with
confederates advancing,
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00:07:29,626 --> 00:07:32,160
with Lee poised in the
banks of the potomac,
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Lincoln needed the
situation to change.
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This was the first time
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that the president
of the United States,
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00:07:37,500 --> 00:07:39,300
and the United States,
is facing invasion.
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That hasn't happened before.
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00:07:41,437 --> 00:07:45,440
Washington is more
threatened now than ever.
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00:07:45,442 --> 00:07:47,375
President Lincoln is
also under pressure
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00:07:47,377 --> 00:07:50,845
from members of his own
party to emancipate the slaves.
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He's drafted the order to
abolish slavery in the south.
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But he desperately
needs a victory
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00:07:55,652 --> 00:07:58,452
before he can
release it to the nation.
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Vermilya: If there was an
emancipation proclamation
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following these southern
military successes
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00:08:03,927 --> 00:08:05,059
and union defeats,
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00:08:05,061 --> 00:08:07,561
it would look like a
moment of desperation.
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00:08:07,563 --> 00:08:09,330
And that's the last
thing that Lincoln wants.
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00:08:09,332 --> 00:08:12,667
So you can rightfully say
that, in September of 1862,
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00:08:12,669 --> 00:08:15,937
the United States of America
has come to a fork in the road.
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00:08:15,939 --> 00:08:17,672
And it's either gonna
be one way or the other
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because a confederate
victory on Maryland soil
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will go a long ways
towards establishing
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00:08:22,412 --> 00:08:24,545
a separate confederate nation.
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00:08:24,547 --> 00:08:27,215
A union victory on Maryland soil
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is gonna lead to the
emancipation proclamation,
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00:08:30,486 --> 00:08:32,686
the most dramatic
presidential action
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on slavery in American history.
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If there ever was a moment
up to this point in the war
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00:08:37,360 --> 00:08:38,893
where Lincoln needed a win,
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00:08:38,895 --> 00:08:42,096
this was it.
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Narrator: Fortunately,
for the union army,
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00:08:43,767 --> 00:08:46,433
on September 13, 1862,
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00:08:46,435 --> 00:08:50,037
some yankee soldiers
make an incredible discovery.
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When union soldiers are
coming into Frederick, Maryland,
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00:08:52,442 --> 00:08:54,876
on the heels of confederates
leaving Frederick...
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00:09:00,116 --> 00:09:05,253
they come across a copy
of Lee's special orders 191.
188
00:09:08,124 --> 00:09:10,391
Essentially, this
was his game plan.
189
00:09:10,393 --> 00:09:13,594
And this intelligence
falls into union hands.
190
00:09:13,596 --> 00:09:15,730
Narrator: The union learns
that Lee has split his army
191
00:09:15,732 --> 00:09:19,200
during the march and is
incredibly vulnerable to attack.
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00:09:21,871 --> 00:09:25,606
And in the mountains
of western Maryland,
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00:09:25,608 --> 00:09:28,076
the Yankees pounce.
194
00:09:28,078 --> 00:09:31,145
Lee's troops are mauled.
195
00:09:31,147 --> 00:09:33,414
Stunned by the blow,
Lee must fall back
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00:09:33,416 --> 00:09:37,018
and try to regroup his army
before another union attack.
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00:09:39,155 --> 00:09:41,889
Some of the hardest-hitting
troops in the fight
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00:09:41,891 --> 00:09:45,159
were members
of the iron brigade.
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00:09:45,161 --> 00:09:48,363
Composed of regiments
from Indiana and Wisconsin,
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00:09:48,365 --> 00:09:52,834
they're one of the
union's elite combat units.
201
00:09:52,836 --> 00:09:55,770
The soldiers of the iron
brigade had earned a reputation
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00:09:55,772 --> 00:09:59,106
of being steadfast, solid,
reliable and hard-fighting men.
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00:09:59,108 --> 00:10:00,575
And just like the
men from Texas,
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00:10:00,577 --> 00:10:02,443
they too were hundreds
and hundreds of miles
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00:10:02,445 --> 00:10:03,978
away from their home.
206
00:10:03,980 --> 00:10:06,246
Narrator: And just like
the men from Texas,
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00:10:06,248 --> 00:10:08,983
they, too, are about to
play a pivotal role in one
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00:10:08,985 --> 00:10:11,686
of the most important
battles in American history.
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00:10:14,057 --> 00:10:16,590
Marching in pursuit
of Lee's army,
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00:10:16,592 --> 00:10:19,460
they've stopped near the
town of sharpsburg, Maryland.
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00:10:22,264 --> 00:10:25,599
With them is private
Johnny Johnson.
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00:10:25,601 --> 00:10:27,401
Johnny came to
america from Europe
213
00:10:27,403 --> 00:10:29,336
before the war broke out.
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00:10:29,338 --> 00:10:31,472
Now he's determined to
help defend the country
215
00:10:31,474 --> 00:10:35,009
that gave him a new start.
216
00:10:35,011 --> 00:10:37,278
There was a tremendous
number of immigrants
217
00:10:37,280 --> 00:10:38,879
who volunteered to serve.
218
00:10:38,881 --> 00:10:40,148
This whole idea of, you know,
219
00:10:40,150 --> 00:10:42,216
a government of the
people, by the people, for...
220
00:10:42,218 --> 00:10:43,884
They believed in it,
221
00:10:43,886 --> 00:10:46,287
and they were
willing to fight for it.
222
00:10:46,289 --> 00:10:49,623
Artillery batteries were
notoriously under strength.
223
00:10:49,625 --> 00:10:52,293
They'll appeal to
infantry volunteers.
224
00:10:52,295 --> 00:10:54,428
And Johnny Johnson
was one of the men
225
00:10:54,430 --> 00:10:58,032
who volunteered to
serve with battery b.
226
00:10:58,034 --> 00:11:00,168
The sergeant's job
was to make sure,
227
00:11:00,170 --> 00:11:01,235
even though they were scared,
228
00:11:01,237 --> 00:11:03,104
everybody continued
to do their job.
229
00:11:03,106 --> 00:11:04,571
And then, if somebody got hit,
230
00:11:04,573 --> 00:11:06,707
they might step
in and fill their role.
231
00:11:06,709 --> 00:11:08,309
That's why drilling
was so important.
232
00:11:08,311 --> 00:11:11,312
So that, even though you
were scared out of your wits,
233
00:11:11,314 --> 00:11:13,047
you still could execute.
234
00:11:13,049 --> 00:11:14,916
Let's go through it again.
235
00:11:14,918 --> 00:11:16,984
Gunner calls for case.
236
00:11:16,986 --> 00:11:19,053
Canister. What's in it?
237
00:11:19,055 --> 00:11:20,922
Dozens of steel
balls timed to burst
238
00:11:20,924 --> 00:11:22,056
in the air above the troops.
239
00:11:22,058 --> 00:11:24,258
Turns the Cannon
into a giant shotgun.
240
00:11:27,263 --> 00:11:29,196
Narrator: Just as committed
to saving the nation
241
00:11:29,198 --> 00:11:30,664
is Joshua Jones,
242
00:11:30,666 --> 00:11:33,801
another member
of the iron brigade.
243
00:11:33,803 --> 00:11:36,870
A 24-year-old serving
with the 19th Indiana,
244
00:11:36,872 --> 00:11:41,275
Jones volunteered following
the outbreak of the war in 1861.
245
00:11:43,546 --> 00:11:45,679
After 14 months in the army,
246
00:11:45,681 --> 00:11:49,050
he thinks often of the
young family he left behind.
247
00:11:57,693 --> 00:12:00,494
He writes to his wife, Celia,
248
00:12:00,496 --> 00:12:02,095
"the longer I stay away,
249
00:12:02,097 --> 00:12:06,099
the more I think of you
and the better I love you.
250
00:12:06,101 --> 00:12:07,835
Often do I think
of the happy days
251
00:12:07,837 --> 00:12:10,371
when I could sit down
with you and our little boy.
252
00:12:12,442 --> 00:12:14,908
But I shall never return
until the stars and stripes
253
00:12:14,910 --> 00:12:19,313
is floating over all
the states in the union,
254
00:12:19,315 --> 00:12:21,849
and if it falls to my
lot to fall in battle,
255
00:12:21,851 --> 00:12:25,386
it will be in defense
of my country."
256
00:12:25,388 --> 00:12:27,655
Vermilya: Joshua Jones
is writing home saying,
257
00:12:27,657 --> 00:12:29,456
"I love you, my
family back at home,
258
00:12:29,458 --> 00:12:31,125
but this is very
important for me.
259
00:12:31,127 --> 00:12:33,127
And even though I
may not come back,
260
00:12:33,129 --> 00:12:34,529
I want you to know
that I'm committed
261
00:12:34,531 --> 00:12:36,297
to trying to save our country."
262
00:12:38,467 --> 00:12:40,067
Narrator: Still
stinging from the loss
263
00:12:40,069 --> 00:12:41,535
in the mountains of Maryland,
264
00:12:41,537 --> 00:12:43,003
Lee is now in retreat,
265
00:12:43,005 --> 00:12:46,273
pulling many of his battered
troops back towards the potomac.
266
00:12:46,275 --> 00:12:51,078
The dream of winning
the war is now in jeopardy.
267
00:12:51,080 --> 00:12:54,882
September 14th was a
dark day for Robert e. Lee.
268
00:12:54,884 --> 00:12:56,283
Just 10 days earlier,
269
00:12:56,285 --> 00:12:57,752
he had embarked
upon this campaign.
270
00:12:57,754 --> 00:12:59,954
And now it seemed,
from out of nowhere,
271
00:12:59,956 --> 00:13:03,691
the union army had arrived
and was breathing down his neck.
272
00:13:03,693 --> 00:13:07,028
He wants to get his army united.
273
00:13:07,030 --> 00:13:09,096
His men marched
through the night,
274
00:13:09,098 --> 00:13:10,565
nothing but the
moonlight to guide them
275
00:13:10,567 --> 00:13:11,832
through western Maryland
276
00:13:11,834 --> 00:13:15,369
and toward this meandering
creek called the antietam.
277
00:13:17,106 --> 00:13:18,840
Narrator: When Lee
sees the antietam,
278
00:13:18,842 --> 00:13:24,245
the bold commander sees an
opportunity he can't pass up.
279
00:13:24,247 --> 00:13:26,847
He realizes immediately
that this terrain offers
280
00:13:26,849 --> 00:13:30,318
some incredible
defensive advantages.
281
00:13:30,320 --> 00:13:31,652
Narrator: Lee immediately begins
282
00:13:31,654 --> 00:13:33,921
to move his troops
onto the high ridges
283
00:13:33,923 --> 00:13:36,457
that run to the west
of the antietam creek
284
00:13:36,459 --> 00:13:38,926
and to the north of
the town of sharpsburg.
285
00:13:38,928 --> 00:13:40,661
Vermilya: Lee is going
to use these ridges
286
00:13:40,663 --> 00:13:42,930
as a fortress for his army.
287
00:13:42,932 --> 00:13:45,132
In front of that
fortress, he has a moat,
288
00:13:45,134 --> 00:13:46,667
which is antietam creek.
289
00:13:46,669 --> 00:13:49,670
So he has a moat.
He has a fortress.
290
00:13:49,672 --> 00:13:51,005
He will make a stand.
291
00:13:53,276 --> 00:13:55,075
Narrator: Near the
banks of this creek,
292
00:13:55,077 --> 00:13:59,814
the hopes of two
nations will live or die.
293
00:13:59,816 --> 00:14:01,749
The bloodiest day
in American history
294
00:14:01,751 --> 00:14:04,952
is about to begin.
295
00:14:09,358 --> 00:14:11,558
Narrator: For the first
time in the civil war,
296
00:14:11,560 --> 00:14:16,631
confederate general Robert
e. Lee has invaded the north.
297
00:14:16,633 --> 00:14:18,766
His forces now
occupy the high ground
298
00:14:18,768 --> 00:14:21,569
to the west of the
antietam creek in Maryland.
299
00:14:21,571 --> 00:14:26,173
They expect a union
attack at any moment.
300
00:14:26,175 --> 00:14:28,042
If the rebels triumph,
301
00:14:28,044 --> 00:14:30,978
the dream of an independent
south may be realized.
302
00:14:30,980 --> 00:14:34,515
And the United
States will be no more.
303
00:14:34,517 --> 00:14:38,486
Given the stakes, both sides
will stop at nothing to win.
304
00:14:41,257 --> 00:14:43,190
As Lee plans to make his stand,
305
00:14:43,192 --> 00:14:44,926
the call goes out to
his scattered army
306
00:14:44,928 --> 00:14:47,295
to unite near the
banks at the antietam.
307
00:14:50,600 --> 00:14:52,666
By sunset, most of Lee's troops
308
00:14:52,668 --> 00:14:54,468
have reached the
confederate camp.
309
00:15:02,145 --> 00:15:04,145
Among them are
William and Robert gaston
310
00:15:04,147 --> 00:15:05,746
of the 1st Texas...
311
00:15:05,748 --> 00:15:10,017
The shock troops
of the rebel forces.
312
00:15:10,019 --> 00:15:12,753
The texans have been on
the move for almost 3 days,
313
00:15:12,755 --> 00:15:16,691
with very little rest
and hardly any food.
314
00:15:16,693 --> 00:15:18,626
In spite of the delayed rations
315
00:15:18,628 --> 00:15:20,827
and all of the hardships
they've endured,
316
00:15:20,829 --> 00:15:23,764
the texans' spirits remain high.
317
00:15:23,766 --> 00:15:26,033
Frye: They could barely
keep their eyes open.
318
00:15:26,035 --> 00:15:28,102
Their stomachs were growling.
319
00:15:28,104 --> 00:15:34,508
They had had almost no
food in 24 hours or longer.
320
00:15:34,510 --> 00:15:36,243
Narrator: After
reaching the antietam,
321
00:15:36,245 --> 00:15:37,911
older brother William
had gone to check
322
00:15:37,913 --> 00:15:40,081
on the status of their rations.
323
00:15:42,251 --> 00:15:44,385
Don't just sit there.
What'd he say?
324
00:15:44,387 --> 00:15:46,987
You want the good
news or the bad news?
325
00:15:46,989 --> 00:15:48,989
Let me guess.
326
00:15:48,991 --> 00:15:51,725
Lincoln was caught
by Stuart's calvary,
327
00:15:51,727 --> 00:15:56,663
fleeing the capital dressed
as some ugly yankee woman.
328
00:15:56,665 --> 00:15:58,065
The war is over.
329
00:15:58,067 --> 00:16:00,735
Not quite that dramatic.
330
00:16:00,737 --> 00:16:03,404
The general has promised
us three days rations.
331
00:16:03,406 --> 00:16:05,672
The bad news?
332
00:16:05,674 --> 00:16:09,276
They seem to have...
Left the supply wagon
333
00:16:09,278 --> 00:16:12,346
on the other side of the river.
334
00:16:12,348 --> 00:16:14,015
Should be here soon.
335
00:16:21,424 --> 00:16:22,957
Narrator: A mile to the north,
336
00:16:22,959 --> 00:16:24,758
members of the
union's iron brigade
337
00:16:24,760 --> 00:16:27,528
prepare for the attack they
know is to come in the morning.
338
00:16:31,967 --> 00:16:34,034
Hoptak: Nightfall
on September 16th...
339
00:16:34,036 --> 00:16:36,504
In some places
fires are prohibited
340
00:16:36,506 --> 00:16:38,872
'cause the lines were so close.
341
00:16:38,874 --> 00:16:41,642
And whether they're
in blue or gray,
342
00:16:41,644 --> 00:16:44,778
these veterans knew
a battle's imminent.
343
00:16:44,780 --> 00:16:49,116
So imagine what may have
been going through their heads.
344
00:16:52,522 --> 00:16:54,221
[ Harmonica plays ]
345
00:16:57,060 --> 00:16:59,660
Narrator: Nearby,
unable to sleep,
346
00:16:59,662 --> 00:17:02,596
union soldier Joshua
Jones writes what could be
347
00:17:02,598 --> 00:17:04,065
his last letter home.
348
00:17:08,271 --> 00:17:10,471
Jones: "My dear Celia,
349
00:17:10,473 --> 00:17:13,407
I was so happy to
receive your letter.
350
00:17:13,409 --> 00:17:16,277
When I seen your hair and
little George's hair inside,
351
00:17:16,279 --> 00:17:18,546
I could not help shedding tears.
352
00:17:24,153 --> 00:17:27,288
I can see now that we
lived as pleasant a life
353
00:17:27,290 --> 00:17:30,891
as any two on earth.
354
00:17:30,893 --> 00:17:33,894
Celia, there is men
here with needy wives
355
00:17:33,896 --> 00:17:35,563
and hungry families,
356
00:17:35,565 --> 00:17:37,431
and they are spending
their money for whiskey
357
00:17:37,433 --> 00:17:40,367
and other such foolery.
358
00:17:40,369 --> 00:17:42,035
Just this morning,
I sold my watch
359
00:17:42,037 --> 00:17:45,773
to Isaac Branson
for 18 and a half.
360
00:17:45,775 --> 00:17:48,375
That's six more than
what I paid for it in Virginia
361
00:17:48,377 --> 00:17:51,045
three months ago.
362
00:17:51,047 --> 00:17:53,180
I am sending you
the watch money.
363
00:17:53,182 --> 00:17:55,849
Save all that you can.
364
00:17:55,851 --> 00:17:58,185
I love you, Celia.
365
00:17:58,187 --> 00:18:01,655
Faithfully yours, Joshua."
366
00:18:08,997 --> 00:18:10,531
Narrator: Soldiers
aren't the only ones
367
00:18:10,533 --> 00:18:12,366
making preparations this night.
368
00:18:15,471 --> 00:18:18,738
Pinsker: The confederate armies
could not fight without slaves.
369
00:18:18,740 --> 00:18:21,542
Thousands of black
laborers... slaves...
370
00:18:21,544 --> 00:18:24,077
Are serving the army in
important support capacities.
371
00:18:24,079 --> 00:18:26,680
Without them, the
army doesn't move.
372
00:18:26,682 --> 00:18:28,282
Narrator: To
undermine this support,
373
00:18:28,284 --> 00:18:29,950
the federal government
has announced
374
00:18:29,952 --> 00:18:31,285
it will free any slave
375
00:18:31,287 --> 00:18:34,487
who can make it
to the union line.
376
00:18:34,489 --> 00:18:37,357
Two slaves forced to
serve the rebel army
377
00:18:37,359 --> 00:18:40,661
have decided the time to
escape their bondage is at hand.
378
00:18:47,302 --> 00:18:49,770
But the risks are great.
379
00:18:51,841 --> 00:18:56,710
If they're caught, they'll
be savagely beaten or killed.
380
00:18:56,712 --> 00:18:58,378
But to these two men,
381
00:18:58,380 --> 00:19:01,215
the chance to win their freedom
makes it worth the danger.
382
00:19:03,986 --> 00:19:07,488
First, they have to somehow
get past the rebel sentries.
383
00:19:26,342 --> 00:19:28,108
Sentry: Hey, you
two, stop right there!
384
00:19:31,080 --> 00:19:32,680
Spotted by a guard,
385
00:19:32,682 --> 00:19:35,616
the two men race for the
safety of the union line.
386
00:19:41,357 --> 00:19:42,623
[ Gunshot ]
387
00:19:48,831 --> 00:19:51,164
As day breaks,
388
00:19:51,166 --> 00:19:53,968
one of the men has almost
reached the union line.
389
00:19:56,505 --> 00:19:59,173
There, he will be taken
in by federal troops
390
00:19:59,175 --> 00:20:01,542
and will be freed.
391
00:20:05,248 --> 00:20:07,581
But his companion
was not so lucky.
392
00:20:13,455 --> 00:20:14,989
During the escape attempt,
393
00:20:14,991 --> 00:20:17,424
he was gunned down
by a rebel sentry.
394
00:20:25,534 --> 00:20:27,735
Just hundreds of yards away,
395
00:20:27,737 --> 00:20:31,205
the battle to determine the fate
of both slavery and the nation
396
00:20:31,207 --> 00:20:32,939
is set to begin.
397
00:20:32,941 --> 00:20:35,876
If the union wins,
Lincoln plans to release
398
00:20:35,878 --> 00:20:37,878
the emancipation proclamation,
399
00:20:37,880 --> 00:20:41,214
freeing almost four
million African-Americans.
400
00:20:41,216 --> 00:20:45,619
If it loses, the United States
may very well cease to exist.
401
00:20:47,689 --> 00:20:51,959
Almost 10,000 union troops
now march toward the rebel line.
402
00:20:54,697 --> 00:20:56,964
Hoptak: George mcclellan,
a general that we often
403
00:20:56,966 --> 00:20:59,299
times characterize as cautious,
404
00:20:59,301 --> 00:21:01,701
he is gonna lead
the attack at antietam,
405
00:21:01,703 --> 00:21:04,972
and his plan is to rely
upon his right hook.
406
00:21:04,974 --> 00:21:08,108
What he wants to do
is pummel Lee's left
407
00:21:08,110 --> 00:21:11,578
with a series of
hammer-blow assaults.
408
00:21:11,580 --> 00:21:13,713
Narrator: After
leaving the union line,
409
00:21:13,715 --> 00:21:16,650
the yankee assault
force is to head south
410
00:21:16,652 --> 00:21:18,452
and then slam
into the left flank
411
00:21:18,454 --> 00:21:21,989
of general Lee's army.
412
00:21:21,991 --> 00:21:24,791
Expecting heavy
resistance from the rebels,
413
00:21:24,793 --> 00:21:29,129
the men know they are
in for the fight of their lives.
414
00:21:29,131 --> 00:21:31,731
Leading this union
assault is Joshua Jones
415
00:21:31,733 --> 00:21:35,069
and the men of the iron brigade.
416
00:21:35,071 --> 00:21:36,603
The battle that
will claim the lives
417
00:21:36,605 --> 00:21:41,608
of almost 4,000 Americans
and wound 17,000 more
418
00:21:41,610 --> 00:21:43,277
is about to begin.
419
00:22:05,167 --> 00:22:06,300
[ Indistinct shouting ]
420
00:22:14,377 --> 00:22:16,509
Send these wretched
souls back to hell, boys!
421
00:22:16,511 --> 00:22:20,180
Fire!
422
00:22:20,182 --> 00:22:22,383
Narrator: In hopes of ending
the first confederate invasion
423
00:22:22,385 --> 00:22:24,317
of the north,
424
00:22:24,319 --> 00:22:25,985
union troops have
attacked rebels
425
00:22:25,987 --> 00:22:28,155
near the banks of
the antietam creek.
426
00:22:30,593 --> 00:22:33,593
Fire!
427
00:22:33,595 --> 00:22:36,396
And as battery b of
the 4th U.S. artillery
428
00:22:36,398 --> 00:22:38,065
pounds the confederate line,
429
00:22:38,067 --> 00:22:42,602
Johnny Johnson
watches and waits.
430
00:22:42,604 --> 00:22:44,405
Half a mile to the southwest,
431
00:22:44,407 --> 00:22:47,007
after being pounded
by rebel artillery,
432
00:22:47,009 --> 00:22:48,742
Joshua Jones and
the iron brigade
433
00:22:48,744 --> 00:22:51,144
have attacked the
far left of the rebel line.
434
00:22:51,146 --> 00:22:53,079
Man: Aim!
435
00:22:53,081 --> 00:22:55,549
Fire!
436
00:23:24,246 --> 00:23:26,246
[ Shouting ]
437
00:23:33,188 --> 00:23:35,656
After putting up some
fierce resistance...
438
00:23:39,862 --> 00:23:41,562
the rebels fall back.
439
00:23:43,732 --> 00:23:44,732
Fire!
440
00:23:46,735 --> 00:23:48,735
A quarter of a mile away,
441
00:23:48,737 --> 00:23:50,136
union private Johnny Johnson
442
00:23:50,138 --> 00:23:52,672
and a handful of other
gun crews from battery b
443
00:23:52,674 --> 00:23:54,775
have been ordered
to a new position.
444
00:23:56,946 --> 00:23:59,012
They've been deployed
near the edge of a cornfield
445
00:23:59,014 --> 00:24:01,114
that will soon go
down in infamy.
446
00:24:03,352 --> 00:24:05,952
Johnson and the men of battery b
447
00:24:05,954 --> 00:24:08,155
are about to find
themselves at the epicenter
448
00:24:08,157 --> 00:24:12,559
of one of history's
most ferocious battles.
449
00:24:12,561 --> 00:24:16,229
Hoptak: The cornfield...
That 24 acres of land...
450
00:24:16,231 --> 00:24:21,034
Will come to symbolize the
hellish intensity of antietam.
451
00:24:21,036 --> 00:24:23,904
There were many
cornfields at antietam,
452
00:24:23,906 --> 00:24:27,908
but only one cornfield.
453
00:24:27,910 --> 00:24:29,376
Narrator: Rebel
troops have launched
454
00:24:29,378 --> 00:24:30,777
a ferocious counterattack,
455
00:24:30,779 --> 00:24:35,715
and battery b soon finds
itself in the thick of the fight.
456
00:24:35,717 --> 00:24:38,986
Hoptak: Oftentimes, battery b
would be well behind the lines.
457
00:24:38,988 --> 00:24:41,788
But here battery b was
brought right to the front.
458
00:24:41,790 --> 00:24:43,657
When these batteries
are pushed forward,
459
00:24:43,659 --> 00:24:46,460
and they're engaged in
close combat with infantry,
460
00:24:46,462 --> 00:24:48,228
they take heavy casualties.
461
00:24:50,599 --> 00:24:52,332
Narrator: As another
crew member falls,
462
00:24:52,334 --> 00:24:54,835
Johnson is finally
thrown into the fight.
463
00:25:02,611 --> 00:25:04,210
To the right!
464
00:25:04,212 --> 00:25:05,479
Right!
465
00:25:08,917 --> 00:25:10,984
Too far. Back to the left.
466
00:25:14,156 --> 00:25:16,690
And fire!
467
00:25:19,561 --> 00:25:22,095
Johnson, get the gunpowder
back to your post on the double.
468
00:25:25,501 --> 00:25:26,501
Reload!
469
00:25:40,849 --> 00:25:42,916
Narrator: To the
west, as Joshua Jones
470
00:25:42,918 --> 00:25:45,518
and the iron brigade
drive forward,
471
00:25:45,520 --> 00:25:47,654
the confederates counterattack.
472
00:25:52,794 --> 00:25:55,528
And during that fighting
is when Jones was hit.
473
00:25:55,530 --> 00:25:56,996
[ Groaning ]
474
00:25:56,998 --> 00:25:59,332
The mini-ball, when
it strikes something,
475
00:25:59,334 --> 00:26:02,603
has the tendency to
spread out and flatten out.
476
00:26:02,605 --> 00:26:05,805
And when that strikes a
bone in a leg or an ankle,
477
00:26:05,807 --> 00:26:09,743
it shatters it beyond repair.
478
00:26:09,745 --> 00:26:11,478
The only way to
save the soldier's life
479
00:26:11,480 --> 00:26:13,814
would be to amputate the limb.
480
00:26:18,220 --> 00:26:22,155
Narrator: In the confusion,
Jones is left behind.
481
00:26:27,962 --> 00:26:30,496
To the east, Johnny
Johnson finds himself
482
00:26:30,498 --> 00:26:33,233
in the thick of the battle
to control the cornfield.
483
00:26:36,237 --> 00:26:40,373
The cornfield was like a
vortex that drew forces in.
484
00:26:40,375 --> 00:26:43,910
There's a large number
of troops moving in there.
485
00:26:43,912 --> 00:26:46,713
The waves of battle are
swaying back and forth.
486
00:26:46,715 --> 00:26:48,181
And, initially, you have lines
487
00:26:48,183 --> 00:26:50,850
of blue sweeping
south through the corn,
488
00:26:50,852 --> 00:26:52,319
then falling back.
489
00:26:52,321 --> 00:26:54,054
And there'd be a
confederate counterattack.
490
00:26:54,056 --> 00:26:55,522
And they'd recede.
491
00:26:55,524 --> 00:26:58,058
Back and forth it
would go, several times.
492
00:26:58,060 --> 00:27:00,460
The first hour of fighting
in the cornfield alone
493
00:27:00,462 --> 00:27:03,329
sees about one
casualty per second.
494
00:27:03,331 --> 00:27:05,766
But as the rebels
launch one more attack...
495
00:27:08,403 --> 00:27:10,237
union troops begin to flee.
496
00:27:14,008 --> 00:27:16,476
Johnny Johnson and the
remaining members of battery b
497
00:27:16,478 --> 00:27:20,213
must try to hold the position.
498
00:27:20,215 --> 00:27:22,215
A rebel breakthrough
here could breed panic
499
00:27:22,217 --> 00:27:23,616
in the union ranks
500
00:27:23,618 --> 00:27:26,153
and could potentially
cause the line to collapse.
501
00:27:26,155 --> 00:27:27,687
Fire.
502
00:27:27,689 --> 00:27:30,623
Misfire. Ram it again.
503
00:27:30,625 --> 00:27:31,825
Do it now!
504
00:27:31,827 --> 00:27:34,560
The fuse went, sarge. It
could cook off at any time.
505
00:27:34,562 --> 00:27:36,096
If I put my arm
in there, I'll lose it.
506
00:27:36,098 --> 00:27:38,632
You'll lose more
than that if you don't.
507
00:27:38,634 --> 00:27:40,333
Do it now or we all die!!
508
00:27:45,174 --> 00:27:46,039
Narrator: Near
the antietam creek,
509
00:27:46,041 --> 00:27:47,507
a ferocious fight to determine
510
00:27:47,509 --> 00:27:50,777
the fate of two
nations rages on.
511
00:27:50,779 --> 00:27:53,046
Realizing a rebel victory
could possibly lead
512
00:27:53,048 --> 00:27:54,514
to southern independence
513
00:27:54,516 --> 00:27:56,383
and the death of
the United States,
514
00:27:56,385 --> 00:27:59,052
both sides will stop
at nothing to win.
515
00:27:59,054 --> 00:28:03,389
A rebel counterattack
has scattered union forces.
516
00:28:03,391 --> 00:28:06,659
Now Johnny Johnson and
a handful of union soldiers
517
00:28:06,661 --> 00:28:09,262
must try and hold the line.
518
00:28:09,264 --> 00:28:11,798
That battery is the focal point.
519
00:28:11,800 --> 00:28:13,800
If the federals can
hold the battery,
520
00:28:13,802 --> 00:28:16,536
they can break the back
of the confederate assault.
521
00:28:16,538 --> 00:28:18,404
And if the confederates
can capture it,
522
00:28:18,406 --> 00:28:20,741
they might turn
the tide of the battle.
523
00:28:20,743 --> 00:28:22,476
Man: There's too many.
We'll never hold them.
524
00:28:22,478 --> 00:28:25,912
Ram it again. Do
it now or we all die!
525
00:28:38,827 --> 00:28:40,861
Ready! Fire!
526
00:28:58,046 --> 00:28:59,712
Narrator: As the
confederates are cut down
527
00:28:59,714 --> 00:29:01,181
by the Cannon blasts,
528
00:29:01,183 --> 00:29:04,450
fresh union troops arrive
and pour into the cornfield.
529
00:29:04,452 --> 00:29:07,453
Hey, sweep, nicely done.
530
00:29:07,455 --> 00:29:08,921
Hoptak: There were
moments in the fighting
531
00:29:08,923 --> 00:29:10,791
where it could go either way.
532
00:29:10,793 --> 00:29:13,326
And at one moment, it
seemed the confederate army
533
00:29:13,328 --> 00:29:16,395
would sweep the blue
lines out of the corn,
534
00:29:16,397 --> 00:29:19,166
only for the union
army to counterattack.
535
00:29:20,735 --> 00:29:22,803
Narrator: The union
attack drives the rebels back
536
00:29:22,805 --> 00:29:25,305
toward their own
line in full retreat.
537
00:29:28,810 --> 00:29:31,077
Frye: It's been a bad
morning for Robert e. Lee.
538
00:29:31,079 --> 00:29:32,746
Robert e. Lee
usually doesn't have
539
00:29:32,748 --> 00:29:33,947
bad days on the battlefield.
540
00:29:33,949 --> 00:29:37,817
And his forces are
being pushed backwards.
541
00:29:37,819 --> 00:29:39,819
This is unbelievable.
542
00:29:39,821 --> 00:29:42,222
What's going on?
543
00:29:42,224 --> 00:29:45,158
Narrator: As union troops
stream south of the cornfield,
544
00:29:45,160 --> 00:29:47,093
the left flank of
the rebel position
545
00:29:47,095 --> 00:29:49,362
teeters on the
brink of collapse.
546
00:29:49,364 --> 00:29:51,431
With their line
hanging by a thread,
547
00:29:51,433 --> 00:29:54,968
the south turns to some of
its toughest troops to save it...
548
00:29:54,970 --> 00:29:57,037
The men of the 1st Texas.
549
00:29:59,174 --> 00:30:02,242
Don't even think about
asking me to share.
550
00:30:02,244 --> 00:30:06,313
I've been dreaming
about this bacon for days.
551
00:30:06,315 --> 00:30:07,714
Despite the shells...
552
00:30:07,716 --> 00:30:08,781
Just keep cooking.
553
00:30:08,783 --> 00:30:10,316
The texans are desperate to eat
554
00:30:10,318 --> 00:30:13,720
their first hot meal in 3 days.
555
00:30:13,722 --> 00:30:15,522
Don't worry. You'll
hear them coming.
556
00:30:20,128 --> 00:30:23,562
- Oh, no, no, no.
- Texas, on your feet!
557
00:30:23,564 --> 00:30:27,334
Got to be kidding me!
558
00:30:27,336 --> 00:30:29,269
Frye: Their breakfast
has been disrupted.
559
00:30:29,271 --> 00:30:31,404
And, all of a sudden,
you got to take your food
560
00:30:31,406 --> 00:30:33,873
and just throw it
aside, pick up your rifle,
561
00:30:33,875 --> 00:30:37,610
put on your
cartridge box and go.
562
00:30:37,612 --> 00:30:38,878
Narrator: As the
men of the 1st Texas
563
00:30:38,880 --> 00:30:42,815
prepare to push back
the yankee attack,
564
00:30:42,817 --> 00:30:44,684
to the west of the cornfield,
565
00:30:44,686 --> 00:30:47,821
wounded union private
Joshua Jones struggles
566
00:30:47,823 --> 00:30:49,990
to get back to his own line.
567
00:30:58,500 --> 00:31:00,400
[ Groans ]
568
00:31:06,108 --> 00:31:08,375
[ Breathing heavily ]
569
00:31:12,981 --> 00:31:14,915
If he ever wants to
see his family again,
570
00:31:14,917 --> 00:31:18,385
Jones will need to crawl to
the safety of the union line.
571
00:31:21,456 --> 00:31:24,324
With his ankle shattered
by a rebel musket ball,
572
00:31:24,326 --> 00:31:26,559
the journey seems
all but impossible.
573
00:31:33,067 --> 00:31:36,002
To the south, the
1st Texas infantry
574
00:31:36,004 --> 00:31:38,471
has orders to push
back the union assault
575
00:31:38,473 --> 00:31:40,206
and retake the cornfield.
576
00:31:42,811 --> 00:31:45,611
Hoptak: The men
from Texas were angry.
577
00:31:45,613 --> 00:31:46,947
So when they
went into the fight,
578
00:31:46,949 --> 00:31:50,951
they went in screaming.
They went in yelling.
579
00:31:50,953 --> 00:31:52,218
Vermilya: And they
were also soldiers
580
00:31:52,220 --> 00:31:54,621
who realized that at
that point in the battle,
581
00:31:54,623 --> 00:31:56,756
their presence was
desperately needed,
582
00:31:56,758 --> 00:31:59,625
as the initial confederate
lines were falling apart.
583
00:31:59,627 --> 00:32:01,894
Steady, men! Steady!
584
00:32:01,896 --> 00:32:04,931
Aim for the belt and
don't stop for the wounded!
585
00:32:19,181 --> 00:32:21,047
Narrator: The
arrival of the texans
586
00:32:21,049 --> 00:32:22,816
stabilizes the rebel line.
587
00:32:29,858 --> 00:32:31,858
[ Indistinct shouting ]
588
00:33:06,027 --> 00:33:08,094
It's like shooting partridge.
589
00:33:08,096 --> 00:33:10,696
The texans cut through
the corn like a scythe,
590
00:33:10,698 --> 00:33:12,966
relentlessly
driving union troops
591
00:33:12,968 --> 00:33:15,167
back to their line.
592
00:33:15,169 --> 00:33:19,372
Hartwig: Those units directly
come towards battery b.
593
00:33:19,374 --> 00:33:20,440
Get the canisters.
594
00:33:20,442 --> 00:33:21,908
These were aggressive soldiers.
595
00:33:21,910 --> 00:33:23,376
They are veteran soldiers.
596
00:33:23,378 --> 00:33:25,245
They don't wanna get
killed. They wanna kill you.
597
00:33:25,247 --> 00:33:29,983
And that's when the real
ordeal began for the battery.
598
00:33:29,985 --> 00:33:31,918
Narrator: As the texans
push through the corn,
599
00:33:31,920 --> 00:33:35,188
Johnson and the others
brace for another rebel attack.
600
00:33:41,396 --> 00:33:42,996
Fire.
601
00:33:48,537 --> 00:33:51,071
They're coming.
602
00:34:03,752 --> 00:34:05,685
As the rebels sweep
through the corn,
603
00:34:05,687 --> 00:34:08,888
it seems like the tide
of the battle is turning.
604
00:34:08,890 --> 00:34:10,356
For the first time that morning,
605
00:34:10,358 --> 00:34:13,426
the yankee army
looked vulnerable.
606
00:34:13,428 --> 00:34:15,294
Narrator: The Yankees
seem powerless
607
00:34:15,296 --> 00:34:17,230
to stop the texans' advance.
608
00:34:39,988 --> 00:34:42,388
If battery b can't
stop the attack,
609
00:34:42,390 --> 00:34:44,257
the union line may crack.
610
00:34:50,731 --> 00:34:51,798
Load the Cannon.
611
00:34:51,800 --> 00:34:54,066
- What?
- Load the Cannon.
612
00:34:54,068 --> 00:34:56,669
There's no time!
Load the Cannon!
613
00:34:56,671 --> 00:34:58,604
Do it!
614
00:34:58,606 --> 00:35:01,141
Go!
615
00:35:10,619 --> 00:35:12,351
Vermilya: Although
it's not pretty,
616
00:35:12,353 --> 00:35:14,220
although it's not romantic,
617
00:35:14,222 --> 00:35:16,756
it does happen during
civil-war combat.
618
00:35:16,758 --> 00:35:19,825
Sergeant hertzog
is in extreme pain.
619
00:35:19,827 --> 00:35:21,628
He's in some of the
worst circumstances
620
00:35:21,630 --> 00:35:22,896
you could possibly imagine.
621
00:35:22,898 --> 00:35:25,031
And in the midst of
that, with all that pain,
622
00:35:25,033 --> 00:35:27,767
he simply pulls out
his revolver and ends it.
623
00:35:27,769 --> 00:35:31,504
They're coming!
624
00:35:31,506 --> 00:35:34,641
Double canister!
625
00:35:34,643 --> 00:35:38,111
The canister was simply a
tin can packed with iron balls
626
00:35:38,113 --> 00:35:40,580
that might be an inch to an
inch and a half in diameter.
627
00:35:40,582 --> 00:35:42,582
Double canister
usually cleared your front
628
00:35:42,584 --> 00:35:44,183
because it was so deadly.
629
00:35:44,185 --> 00:35:45,585
If you're firing double canister
630
00:35:45,587 --> 00:35:48,054
it's because you
and your battery
631
00:35:48,056 --> 00:35:50,557
are in grave danger.
632
00:35:58,199 --> 00:36:00,466
- Hurry!
- I gotta lower it!
633
00:36:00,468 --> 00:36:02,569
[ Indistinct shouting ]
634
00:36:24,225 --> 00:36:25,157
Ready!
635
00:36:25,159 --> 00:36:26,459
Fire!
636
00:36:29,497 --> 00:36:31,897
Narrator: As Johnson
pounds the rebels with canister,
637
00:36:31,899 --> 00:36:34,801
they stream northwest
toward the corner of the field.
638
00:36:51,586 --> 00:36:53,118
Narrator: One of the
most important battles
639
00:36:53,120 --> 00:36:57,056
of the civil war has
reached a critical moment.
640
00:36:57,058 --> 00:36:59,125
Confederate shock
troops from Texas
641
00:36:59,127 --> 00:37:01,994
sent to shatter the union line
642
00:37:01,996 --> 00:37:05,198
have just been hit by a
massive yankee counterattack.
643
00:37:16,811 --> 00:37:18,411
In hopes of rallying the texans,
644
00:37:18,413 --> 00:37:22,682
Robert gaston sets out
to find the regimental flag.
645
00:37:22,684 --> 00:37:24,951
I'm all right. Go.
646
00:37:31,893 --> 00:37:33,159
In the chaos of battle,
647
00:37:33,161 --> 00:37:35,828
with the smoke stinging
your eyes and the sound,
648
00:37:35,830 --> 00:37:39,365
the noise, the confusion,
if you saw your flag,
649
00:37:39,367 --> 00:37:41,234
you knew where you
were supposed to go.
650
00:37:41,236 --> 00:37:44,937
You can't see that
flag? You're lost.
651
00:38:07,795 --> 00:38:09,796
[ Indistinct shouting ]
652
00:38:22,744 --> 00:38:24,276
Narrator: The texans
have been cut down
653
00:38:24,278 --> 00:38:27,313
by yankee reinforcements
sent to help hold the line.
654
00:38:32,820 --> 00:38:35,487
They were laying
down behind the fence
655
00:38:35,489 --> 00:38:38,291
that bordered the
northern edge of the corn,
656
00:38:38,293 --> 00:38:42,361
and the texans actually
couldn't see them.
657
00:38:42,363 --> 00:38:44,630
They blasted the
texans with a volley,
658
00:38:44,632 --> 00:38:46,299
then followed it up
with more volleys.
659
00:38:46,301 --> 00:38:48,634
It cut the regiment to ribbons,
660
00:38:48,636 --> 00:38:50,636
shot down both their flags.
661
00:38:50,638 --> 00:38:53,305
Once they get towards the
northern end of the corn field,
662
00:38:53,307 --> 00:38:56,375
they are met with a
ferocious counterassault,
663
00:38:56,377 --> 00:38:59,078
not only from musketry
fire, but Cannon fire.
664
00:39:04,252 --> 00:39:06,985
Narrator: The results...
665
00:39:06,987 --> 00:39:09,655
Are catastrophic.
666
00:39:09,657 --> 00:39:11,858
At first, Texas
gets slaughtered...
667
00:39:11,860 --> 00:39:13,192
Slaughtered.
668
00:39:13,194 --> 00:39:19,632
More than 80% of their men
will drop on that Maryland soil.
669
00:39:24,138 --> 00:39:26,839
It was an awful disaster.
670
00:39:42,423 --> 00:39:43,423
They're running.
671
00:39:48,296 --> 00:39:50,429
Narrator: With the
help of Johnny Johnson,
672
00:39:50,431 --> 00:39:53,966
battery b has helped
save the union line,
673
00:39:53,968 --> 00:39:56,102
but they've paid dearly.
674
00:39:56,104 --> 00:40:00,239
Hoptak: Battery b
sustained 40% casualties.
675
00:40:00,241 --> 00:40:02,775
The casualties
attest to the savagery,
676
00:40:02,777 --> 00:40:06,312
the ferocity of their
role in the fight.
677
00:40:06,314 --> 00:40:08,247
Well, battery b's
performance, obviously,
678
00:40:08,249 --> 00:40:12,718
the performance of the
battery was extraordinary.
679
00:40:12,720 --> 00:40:15,921
Narrator: When the brutal
struggle for the cornfield finally ends,
680
00:40:15,923 --> 00:40:18,257
the fighting shifts to
the center and right
681
00:40:18,259 --> 00:40:21,194
of the rebel line.
682
00:40:21,196 --> 00:40:22,662
As the sun sets,
683
00:40:22,664 --> 00:40:26,399
the rebels still hold the ground
west of the antietam creek.
684
00:40:28,937 --> 00:40:32,738
But Lee's troops are
in no shape to fight on.
685
00:40:32,740 --> 00:40:34,874
On the 18th of September,
686
00:40:34,876 --> 00:40:37,877
he takes his shattered
army back to Virginia.
687
00:40:42,483 --> 00:40:44,951
Hoptak: The confederate army's
gonna limp back into Virginia.
688
00:40:44,953 --> 00:40:47,119
Began the campaign
with such high hopes
689
00:40:47,121 --> 00:40:48,754
for a victory on union soil,
690
00:40:48,756 --> 00:40:52,091
and Robert e. Lee's
objectives are not realized.
691
00:40:52,093 --> 00:40:55,428
I consider antietam
the greatest victory
692
00:40:55,430 --> 00:40:57,763
of the war for
the United States.
693
00:40:57,765 --> 00:41:00,099
Pennsylvania is safe.
Washington is safe.
694
00:41:00,101 --> 00:41:01,501
Baltimore is safe.
695
00:41:01,503 --> 00:41:03,903
The eastern newspapers
are proclaiming victory
696
00:41:03,905 --> 00:41:07,306
for the United States.
697
00:41:07,308 --> 00:41:09,442
Narrator: But it's
come at a terrible price,
698
00:41:15,516 --> 00:41:20,786
Almost 4,000 killed
and 17,000 wounded.
699
00:41:20,788 --> 00:41:25,791
Among them, Joshua Jones
of the union's iron brigade.
700
00:41:25,793 --> 00:41:28,127
Found by rebels
after he was shot,
701
00:41:28,129 --> 00:41:31,464
he's placed in a barn
with other wounded troops.
702
00:41:34,002 --> 00:41:37,336
He receives no
care for 48 hours.
703
00:41:37,338 --> 00:41:39,338
Once you've had
a day like antietam,
704
00:41:39,340 --> 00:41:42,675
there's no going back to
the country as it was before.
705
00:41:42,677 --> 00:41:48,414
Once you've had a day
with over 23,000 casualties,
706
00:41:48,416 --> 00:41:50,716
the nation is
fundamentally changed.
707
00:41:53,954 --> 00:41:55,555
Narrator: In the
wake of the battle,
708
00:41:55,557 --> 00:41:57,356
Lincoln publishes
one of the most
709
00:41:57,358 --> 00:42:01,493
extraordinary documents
in American history.
710
00:42:01,495 --> 00:42:03,763
Frye: It emboldened
Lincoln to do something
711
00:42:03,765 --> 00:42:07,233
the president had been
wanting to do since July,
712
00:42:07,235 --> 00:42:10,235
which was to issue
the preliminary
713
00:42:10,237 --> 00:42:12,505
emancipation proclamation.
714
00:42:12,507 --> 00:42:14,906
And so five days...
715
00:42:14,908 --> 00:42:17,309
Only five days after antietam,
716
00:42:17,311 --> 00:42:18,777
on September the 22nd,
717
00:42:18,779 --> 00:42:22,848
the president issues
the proclamation.
718
00:42:22,850 --> 00:42:25,484
This is no longer
going to be a war fought
719
00:42:25,486 --> 00:42:27,787
to restore the
union as it once was.
720
00:42:27,789 --> 00:42:30,122
That union died at antietam.
721
00:42:30,124 --> 00:42:32,324
This was now a war that
was going to be fought
722
00:42:32,326 --> 00:42:35,127
to preserve a new
and better union,
723
00:42:35,129 --> 00:42:38,197
one without slavery.
724
00:42:38,199 --> 00:42:40,199
Narrator: Johnny Johnson
wins the metal of honor
725
00:42:40,201 --> 00:42:44,470
for the courage he displayed
in the fight for the cornfield.
726
00:42:44,472 --> 00:42:47,273
He survives the war.
727
00:42:47,275 --> 00:42:50,676
Found by union troops
following the rebel retreat,
728
00:42:50,678 --> 00:42:54,480
Joshua Jones finally
receives medical attention.
729
00:42:54,482 --> 00:42:56,282
After doctors amputate his leg,
730
00:42:56,284 --> 00:42:58,451
the wound becomes infected.
731
00:43:00,688 --> 00:43:03,222
He dies almost two
weeks after the battle.
732
00:43:05,426 --> 00:43:07,226
Captain William gaston continues
733
00:43:07,228 --> 00:43:09,295
to serve with the
confederate army.
734
00:43:11,766 --> 00:43:16,368
At war's end, he returns home
to Anderson county, Texas.
735
00:43:16,370 --> 00:43:18,871
His brother, Robert,
dies in the cornfield.
736
00:43:21,375 --> 00:43:24,477
His body is found on top
of the regimental colors.
737
00:43:27,181 --> 00:43:29,115
He is one of the 3,600 men
738
00:43:29,117 --> 00:43:32,018
claimed by the
battle of antietam.
53485
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