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a thousand lightning bolts
in a single hour.
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[thunder crashes]
3
00:00:08,486 --> 00:00:12,273
A never-ending fire that
destroys an entire town.
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00:00:13,491 --> 00:00:15,972
And bizarre humming noises...
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00:00:16,016 --> 00:00:17,191
[distorted screaming]
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00:00:17,234 --> 00:00:19,193
...that drive people insane.
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We call everything around us...
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"nature,"
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as if the incredible world
we live in
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00:00:29,812 --> 00:00:32,815
is "natural," "normal."
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Something we can understand.
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00:00:35,557 --> 00:00:38,777
But what happens when nature
is unnatural--
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00:00:38,821 --> 00:00:41,215
bizarre, unreal?
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00:00:41,258 --> 00:00:45,523
How can nature defy
the very laws
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that are supposed to govern it?
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00:00:46,959 --> 00:00:50,659
What then?
Are we simply at its mercy?
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Or is it something
we must figure out
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00:00:55,229 --> 00:00:57,666
before it's too late?
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♪
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SHATNER:
Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela.
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This body of water, near the
mouth of the Catatumbo River,
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has been called "The Lightning
Capital of the World,"
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because almost every night,
it's a place
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where the lightning never stops.
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[thunder crashing]
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300 days out of a year,
we see this lightning.
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It's called
"Catatumbo lightning."
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It's like sheets of lightning
constantly for hours and hours
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00:01:51,676 --> 00:01:53,417
and hours,
and it goes on and on,
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00:01:53,461 --> 00:01:55,854
and it lights up
everything around it.
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And it's not like
any other lightning
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anywhere else on the planet.
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It's amazing.
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You have to wonder why is there
not lightning like this
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00:02:03,210 --> 00:02:04,733
everywhere else in the world?
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00:02:04,776 --> 00:02:07,127
SHATNER:
There's an old expression
that says lightning
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00:02:07,170 --> 00:02:10,217
doesn't strike twice
in the same place.
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But at Lake Maracaibo,
not only does it strike
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at the same place,
it does so over and over.
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00:02:18,573 --> 00:02:21,967
But why?
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00:02:22,011 --> 00:02:23,969
There are some areas
of the Earth
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which seem to be
like lightning valleys.
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00:02:26,320 --> 00:02:27,973
[thunder crashes]
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00:02:28,017 --> 00:02:30,933
Areas that are just inundated
with lightning bolts
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on a given storm.
And why?
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Well, we're not sure.
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When you look at Venezuela,
you can take some guesses
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00:02:39,811 --> 00:02:40,899
as to what's going on.
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00:02:40,943 --> 00:02:42,292
Maybe it's the water.
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00:02:42,336 --> 00:02:44,512
But it also could be things
like the altitude,
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00:02:44,555 --> 00:02:46,340
or the general
atmospheric conditions.
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00:02:46,383 --> 00:02:49,604
So it's very hard to pin down
exactly what's going on
53
00:02:49,647 --> 00:02:52,346
in that place,
and why that place is special.
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00:02:54,522 --> 00:02:56,219
There's a thing called
"chaos theory,"
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00:02:56,263 --> 00:02:58,613
and in chaos theory,
there are these places
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that are called "attractors."
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00:03:00,528 --> 00:03:02,573
They're regions that just occur
sort of randomly
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that cause a vortex.
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00:03:05,141 --> 00:03:07,012
Things occur there,
things collect there.
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00:03:07,056 --> 00:03:10,364
Perhaps the Earth
has an attractor
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over this lake in Venezuela
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that's causing the
Catatumbo lightning.
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00:03:15,717 --> 00:03:17,675
One thing about lightning
is there is
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a tremendous amount
of energy involved.
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00:03:19,721 --> 00:03:21,201
But that's not
the most exciting piece.
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00:03:22,593 --> 00:03:23,899
It's the power.
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00:03:23,942 --> 00:03:26,467
It's how quickly
the energy is released.
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00:03:26,510 --> 00:03:28,860
Lightning represents
one of the most powerful,
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00:03:28,904 --> 00:03:32,081
high-power phenomena in nature.
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00:03:32,124 --> 00:03:34,605
So lightning's really exciting
because there's pieces
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we do understand,
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00:03:36,259 --> 00:03:38,522
but there's still a lot
of pieces we don't understand.
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00:03:38,566 --> 00:03:40,089
[thunder crashing]
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KAKU:
For example,
recently it was revealed
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00:03:42,439 --> 00:03:44,528
that the energy of
a lightning bolt is so great
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00:03:44,572 --> 00:03:47,009
that even antimatter
can be formed.
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00:03:47,052 --> 00:03:49,751
To create antimatter,
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00:03:49,794 --> 00:03:51,492
you need a particle accelerator.
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00:03:51,535 --> 00:03:54,843
You need an atom smasher
to create antimatter
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00:03:54,886 --> 00:03:57,976
-in the laboratory.
-[explosion]
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00:03:58,020 --> 00:04:00,152
But it turns out
an ordinary lightning bolt
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will also create
minute quantities
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00:04:02,416 --> 00:04:04,635
of this exotic form of matter.
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00:04:04,679 --> 00:04:06,550
[thunder crashes]
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00:04:06,594 --> 00:04:10,598
The lightning in Lake Maracaibo
is an interesting case
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00:04:10,641 --> 00:04:14,602
of scientists trying to figure
out an unusual phenomenon.
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00:04:16,299 --> 00:04:19,128
This region had been
identified for many years
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as a hotspot of lightning.
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00:04:21,696 --> 00:04:25,439
And it turns out,
with a detailed NASA study,
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it is indeed the greatest
lightning hotspot in the world.
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SHATNER:
Lightning hotspots?
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00:04:33,273 --> 00:04:37,320
Are there really places on Earth
that act like lightning rods?
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00:04:37,364 --> 00:04:39,104
Perhaps further clues
can be found
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00:04:39,148 --> 00:04:41,193
by examining not only places
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00:04:41,237 --> 00:04:43,326
that are repeatedly
struck by lightning,
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but the story of one woman
who's been struck twice,
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and has lived to tell the tale.
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Fort Benning, Georgia.
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July 20, 1992.
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00:04:57,166 --> 00:04:59,603
Army specialist Beth Peterson
is working
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at an ammunition point
when storm clouds
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begin to gather over the base.
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00:05:05,653 --> 00:05:09,396
I saw lightning strike
and hit the concertina wire
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on the-the fence going around
the ammunition point.
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And then I watched lightning
strike a tree across from me.
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00:05:21,103 --> 00:05:24,541
And next thing you know,
lightning struck again.
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It entered my feet,
it exited my mouth.
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It grounded on top of my head.
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It felt like my body exploded.
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And it just lifted me
as it launched me.
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00:05:40,122 --> 00:05:42,167
And everything just
felt like burnt.
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I felt like it took my head off.
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SHATNER:
Beth was rushed
to the infirmary,
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and, incredibly, she survived.
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But after months of recovery,
Beth realized that
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-something was different.
-[monitor beeping]
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She had been changed.
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Not enough people
get hit by lightning
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and survive, like the strike
that I survived the first time.
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00:06:09,456 --> 00:06:12,284
And so there isn't
a lot of research
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00:06:12,328 --> 00:06:16,463
for my doctors to understand,
to be able to say,
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00:06:16,506 --> 00:06:20,597
"You've been hit by lightning,
and this is the end result."
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00:06:20,641 --> 00:06:24,384
In my case, they say,
"You've been hit by lightning,
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00:06:24,427 --> 00:06:26,777
and we have to help you figure
out a way to cope with it."
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00:06:26,821 --> 00:06:31,260
Because there are things that
happen that are unexplained.
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00:06:31,303 --> 00:06:34,611
I really believe
in the electromagnetic
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changes in the body,
because the first ten years
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of having, with my children,
having the Christmas tree up,
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00:06:42,358 --> 00:06:44,316
and putting maybe tinsel on it,
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00:06:44,360 --> 00:06:47,929
the tinsel would jump six feet
off the Christmas tree onto me.
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00:06:47,972 --> 00:06:51,541
I couldn't get it
to stay on the tree.
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00:06:51,585 --> 00:06:53,717
-Turning on lights...
-[electricity crackles]
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00:06:53,761 --> 00:06:55,719
...touching things...
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00:06:55,763 --> 00:06:56,938
I'm very staticky.
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00:06:56,981 --> 00:07:00,115
My hair likes to get
very floaty.
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00:07:00,158 --> 00:07:02,639
I can feel it in my body.
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00:07:02,683 --> 00:07:05,686
SHATNER:
After such a harrowing
experience,
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Beth took solace, both in
the fact that she had survived,
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and that her near-fatal
encounter with lightning
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00:07:10,995 --> 00:07:12,649
was over.
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00:07:12,693 --> 00:07:15,130
Or was it?
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PETERSON:
July 19th of 1993,
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I was struck by lightning again.
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I had a psychologist tell me
that I was a soldier.
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I needed to get over it,
I needed to carry on
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and soldier on,
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00:07:30,058 --> 00:07:32,408
and that I should go home
and watch the storm.
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00:07:32,452 --> 00:07:35,933
And that's what I told myself
as I drove home
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and took off my boots,
and opened the French doors,
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and was struck again.
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00:07:42,505 --> 00:07:44,986
It threw me approximately
eight to nine feet
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back into the house.
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No one has ever come forward
and told me why
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this has happened.
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00:07:51,949 --> 00:07:56,780
I have had a team
of incredible doctors,
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00:07:56,824 --> 00:08:00,436
and they have tried
and tried and tried
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00:08:00,480 --> 00:08:04,745
through the years to medically
have some explanation.
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00:08:04,788 --> 00:08:07,530
Because when a person's going
through what I've gone through,
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00:08:07,574 --> 00:08:09,314
you want an answer.
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00:08:09,358 --> 00:08:12,753
And the answer just always
keeps coming back to,
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"You've been struck
by lightning."
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SHATNER:
Was it merely a coincidence
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that Beth was struck
a second time?
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00:08:20,543 --> 00:08:24,765
Or could there have been
something larger at play?
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[thunder crashes]
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Is it possible that,
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like Lake Maracaibo,
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some people attract lightning?
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They say that being hit
by a lightning bolt
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is similar to winning
the lottery,
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00:08:37,865 --> 00:08:40,128
and yet, some people are hit
by lightning bolts
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more than once,
and what's the reason?
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Is it just bad luck?
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DENNIN:
As people, we do have
a certain composition,
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and we're mostly water.
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And water is a great conductor
of electricity.
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But the exact details
and specifics
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of how each person is set up
is gonna vary enough
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so you can imagine
some people are greater
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00:08:59,060 --> 00:09:00,801
or lesser lightning rods.
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00:09:00,844 --> 00:09:02,977
So if you think about
the whole electrical system,
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00:09:03,020 --> 00:09:04,805
and how they fit into
the electrical system
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00:09:04,848 --> 00:09:07,285
of the Earth and the atmosphere,
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00:09:07,329 --> 00:09:10,027
some people are more likely to
be hit by lightning than others.
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PETERSON:
I always have
a heightened awareness.
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I know where the storms
are coming.
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I can feel it by the hair
on my arms standing up.
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00:09:22,257 --> 00:09:23,650
The hair on the back
of my neck,
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00:09:23,693 --> 00:09:26,914
my static in my own hair...
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00:09:26,957 --> 00:09:28,611
it floats.
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00:09:28,655 --> 00:09:33,964
I can tell when the changes
in the weather are happening
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by the response
of what I feel in my body.
193
00:09:38,665 --> 00:09:41,406
I do not necessarily think
it was a coincidence
194
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that I was struck a second time.
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I think the changes in my body
made it more attractive.
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Why are certain places
and people
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repeatedly struck by lightning?
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00:09:56,291 --> 00:09:59,250
I'm sure Beth Peterson
would love to know the answer.
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00:09:59,294 --> 00:10:01,862
Just like the people
who used to live in a small town
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00:10:01,905 --> 00:10:03,559
in rural Pennsylvania,
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00:10:03,603 --> 00:10:06,431
one that has literally
gone up in smoke.
202
00:10:06,475 --> 00:10:08,564
Not from being hit by lightning,
203
00:10:08,608 --> 00:10:11,088
but from a fire...
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00:10:11,132 --> 00:10:14,178
that has been burning...
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00:10:14,222 --> 00:10:16,093
for more than half a century.
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00:10:21,708 --> 00:10:23,274
SCOTT JONES:
You basically, you see
the fire and brimstone things
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00:10:23,318 --> 00:10:25,886
Population: five.
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00:10:25,929 --> 00:10:29,367
Once upon a time,
this small mining town
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00:10:29,411 --> 00:10:31,152
was home to more than
2,000 people.
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00:10:33,850 --> 00:10:37,245
Today, it's an almost
entirely abandoned wasteland.
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00:10:38,725 --> 00:10:41,292
Some would say
it resembles a war zone.
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00:10:41,336 --> 00:10:44,382
But it wasn't war
that ravaged Centralia.
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00:10:44,426 --> 00:10:48,778
It was something
much more devastating.
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00:10:48,822 --> 00:10:50,824
DAVID WHITEHEAD:
The story of Centralia
215
00:10:50,867 --> 00:10:53,130
is both tragic and terrifying
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00:10:53,174 --> 00:10:56,394
in that it used to just be
a quaint mining town...
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00:10:57,961 --> 00:11:00,181
...but now
it's a total ghost town.
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00:11:03,097 --> 00:11:05,795
SHATNER:
February 14, 1981.
219
00:11:05,839 --> 00:11:07,754
Valentine's Day.
220
00:11:09,625 --> 00:11:12,106
12-year-old Todd Dombowski
221
00:11:12,149 --> 00:11:14,891
is playing
in his grandmother's backyard
222
00:11:14,935 --> 00:11:17,720
when he notices
something strange
223
00:11:17,764 --> 00:11:21,071
coming up from the ground.
224
00:11:21,115 --> 00:11:26,294
He sees what he thinks is-is
smoke coming up from the lawn,
225
00:11:26,337 --> 00:11:27,730
goes over to investigate...
226
00:11:29,514 --> 00:11:31,691
...drops out of sight
into a steaming hole
227
00:11:31,734 --> 00:11:33,736
approximately 170 feet deep.
228
00:11:35,607 --> 00:11:38,610
He saves himself by grabbing
onto a tree root.
229
00:11:38,654 --> 00:11:41,526
WHITEHEAD:
So after what happened
to Todd Dombowski,
230
00:11:41,570 --> 00:11:43,137
the media started coming in,
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00:11:43,180 --> 00:11:45,835
and Centralia became
a big story.
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00:11:45,879 --> 00:11:48,490
DOROTHY LUCEY: Todd Dombowski
was playing when the earth
233
00:11:48,533 --> 00:11:50,840
opened up below his feet.
234
00:11:50,884 --> 00:11:53,582
I see the smoke and when I did,
I just fell right through it.
235
00:11:53,625 --> 00:11:55,540
SHATNER:
After a brief investigation,
236
00:11:55,584 --> 00:11:57,499
the cause of the smoke
in Todd's grandmother's backyard
237
00:11:57,542 --> 00:12:00,241
becomes obvious.
238
00:12:00,284 --> 00:12:03,548
A fire that was
deliberately started,
239
00:12:03,592 --> 00:12:04,898
and thought to have
been extinguished,
240
00:12:04,941 --> 00:12:07,857
had, in fact, never gone out.
241
00:12:07,901 --> 00:12:10,468
And it was now being fueled
242
00:12:10,512 --> 00:12:15,125
by the vast reserves of coal
located underneath the town.
243
00:12:16,823 --> 00:12:21,305
Centralia was a very typical
small coal town
244
00:12:21,349 --> 00:12:24,656
in the anthracite region
of Northeastern Pennsylvania.
245
00:12:24,700 --> 00:12:28,443
Its only purpose for being
was to mine coal...
246
00:12:30,314 --> 00:12:34,666
...and its growth was in tandem
with the coal industry.
247
00:12:34,710 --> 00:12:38,496
As new mines opened up,
more people would move there.
248
00:12:38,540 --> 00:12:40,585
Some of those families
in Centralia had been there
249
00:12:40,629 --> 00:12:42,631
for as long as five generations.
250
00:12:42,674 --> 00:12:44,894
And what I'm leading to is that
251
00:12:44,938 --> 00:12:47,854
there's this massive labyrinth
of-of abandoned coal mines
252
00:12:47,897 --> 00:12:50,726
beneath Centralia,
really under the entire town.
253
00:12:52,075 --> 00:12:54,904
And so, in 1962,
254
00:12:54,948 --> 00:12:57,472
the state dump inspector told
Centralia Borough Council
255
00:12:57,515 --> 00:12:59,866
that the location
of its landfill
256
00:12:59,909 --> 00:13:02,782
didn't meet state regulations.
257
00:13:02,825 --> 00:13:06,437
And they arranged
for the local fire department
258
00:13:06,481 --> 00:13:08,831
to set the dump on fire
to clean it up.
259
00:13:08,875 --> 00:13:10,528
And they had done this
in the past.
260
00:13:10,572 --> 00:13:12,530
They would just go out
and set it on fire,
261
00:13:12,574 --> 00:13:15,229
let it burn for a while,
and then wash it down with water
262
00:13:15,272 --> 00:13:18,710
from a tanker truck and go away,
everything's fine.
263
00:13:18,754 --> 00:13:20,756
Except, this time
it wasn't fine...
264
00:13:22,889 --> 00:13:25,935
...because this fire had stayed
smoldering in the garbage,
265
00:13:25,979 --> 00:13:28,808
and then it moved
into this labyrinth
266
00:13:28,851 --> 00:13:31,245
of abandoned coal mines
beneath the town
267
00:13:31,288 --> 00:13:33,943
and that was how
the mine fire got started.
268
00:13:33,987 --> 00:13:37,468
And eventually, the fire broke
out of the ground,
269
00:13:37,512 --> 00:13:39,862
and you could see
glowing red rocks,
270
00:13:39,906 --> 00:13:42,212
you could see
blue burning rocks.
271
00:13:42,256 --> 00:13:44,519
And so, so hot.
272
00:13:44,562 --> 00:13:47,130
If you got even, like,
within ten feet of it,
273
00:13:47,174 --> 00:13:51,352
your face was frying, you know?
It was that, that hot.
274
00:13:51,395 --> 00:13:54,224
They sent
the fire department back,
275
00:13:54,268 --> 00:13:56,096
but the damage was already done.
276
00:13:58,750 --> 00:14:01,841
WYSESSION: Attempts to put out
the Centralia coal seam fire
277
00:14:01,884 --> 00:14:04,887
had been a total failure,
starting in 1962,
278
00:14:04,931 --> 00:14:08,369
when they first lit
that trash pit on fire.
279
00:14:08,412 --> 00:14:12,329
That fire continued
to spread underground
280
00:14:12,373 --> 00:14:15,506
despite multiple attempts
to put it out.
281
00:14:15,550 --> 00:14:19,902
And then,
in over a period of 20 years,
282
00:14:19,946 --> 00:14:23,775
the fire just kept
growing out of control,
283
00:14:23,819 --> 00:14:28,128
to the point where smoke and
steam come up out of the ground,
284
00:14:28,171 --> 00:14:29,999
where the ground is as hot
285
00:14:30,043 --> 00:14:32,872
as 900 degrees Fahrenheit
in places,
286
00:14:32,915 --> 00:14:36,310
just consuming the entire town.
287
00:14:36,353 --> 00:14:37,789
SUSAN JELLIG: The people
of Centralia want to know
288
00:14:37,833 --> 00:14:40,009
when the 20-year-old mine fire
will be put out.
289
00:14:40,053 --> 00:14:42,011
They appeared tired
of living with the danger
290
00:14:42,055 --> 00:14:44,405
of toxic gases
entering their homes.
291
00:14:44,448 --> 00:14:47,408
Representative Frank Harrison
says it won't be easy.
292
00:14:48,844 --> 00:14:51,238
WHITEHEAD:
And it was at this point
293
00:14:51,281 --> 00:14:53,849
that the town started
to shut down and close shop.
294
00:14:53,893 --> 00:14:58,767
LUCEY: Residents take
a vote to move their homes.
295
00:14:58,810 --> 00:15:01,813
The federal government forked
over another $1 million
296
00:15:01,857 --> 00:15:05,078
to move them to safety.
297
00:15:05,121 --> 00:15:08,516
WHITEHEAD:
Businesses started closing,
298
00:15:08,559 --> 00:15:12,041
people started leaving,
299
00:15:12,085 --> 00:15:15,392
and the government actually
ended up buying the land
300
00:15:15,436 --> 00:15:18,265
to stop people
from coming back in,
301
00:15:18,308 --> 00:15:20,876
because they realized
at that point,
302
00:15:20,920 --> 00:15:23,748
that they had no way
to stop this fire,
303
00:15:23,792 --> 00:15:27,143
and sadly, this fire is raging
right up to this day.
304
00:15:31,234 --> 00:15:33,236
SHATNER:
But why,
305
00:15:33,280 --> 00:15:35,935
after nearly six decades,
306
00:15:35,978 --> 00:15:39,677
why won't the fires go out?
307
00:15:39,721 --> 00:15:43,072
WYSESSION:
It's a question that's almost
impossible to know.
308
00:15:43,116 --> 00:15:47,250
Because not only can we not
see through the rock,
309
00:15:47,294 --> 00:15:51,428
any attempts
to try to figure it out
310
00:15:51,472 --> 00:15:54,344
by drilling holes in the ground,
for example,
311
00:15:54,388 --> 00:15:58,958
you provide channels of air
that can actually feed the fire.
312
00:16:00,655 --> 00:16:04,441
And so, you can try
to cut off the fuel
313
00:16:04,485 --> 00:16:06,269
by digging out around it
314
00:16:06,313 --> 00:16:10,578
to remove the coal
to prevent it from spreading,
315
00:16:10,621 --> 00:16:13,494
and you can also
address the fire
316
00:16:13,537 --> 00:16:19,021
by pouring water directly in
through channels underground
317
00:16:19,065 --> 00:16:24,070
to try to cool that fire
below its activation energy.
318
00:16:24,113 --> 00:16:28,639
All of these were tried
in the case of Centralia.
319
00:16:28,683 --> 00:16:31,338
Not one of them succeeded.
320
00:16:33,079 --> 00:16:35,646
You would think
we understand fires enough
321
00:16:35,690 --> 00:16:37,300
that we could,
we could take care of this,
322
00:16:37,344 --> 00:16:39,085
because we know,
for a fire to occur,
323
00:16:39,128 --> 00:16:41,565
you have to have
an ignition source, a spark...
324
00:16:43,002 --> 00:16:46,048
...then you have to have fuel.
325
00:16:46,092 --> 00:16:48,833
Well, it's a coal mine,
so coal is a pretty good fuel.
326
00:16:48,877 --> 00:16:50,835
Then you also have to
have an oxidizer.
327
00:16:50,879 --> 00:16:53,447
That oxidizer is-is air,
in most cases.
328
00:16:53,490 --> 00:16:55,971
But if they cut off the tunnels,
329
00:16:56,015 --> 00:16:57,407
or whatever's going
into this mine,
330
00:16:57,451 --> 00:16:58,713
no air should get down there,
331
00:16:58,756 --> 00:17:00,323
eventually all the air
should burn out,
332
00:17:00,367 --> 00:17:02,717
and it should go out,
but it's not doing that.
333
00:17:02,760 --> 00:17:05,067
DEKOK:
What I've been told
by engineers is that
334
00:17:05,111 --> 00:17:07,069
they could pump water
down there for a year,
335
00:17:07,113 --> 00:17:09,593
and if they turn the water off,
336
00:17:09,637 --> 00:17:11,813
there'd be a good chance
it'd be enough residual heat
337
00:17:11,856 --> 00:17:13,858
that the fire would start
right back up again.
338
00:17:13,902 --> 00:17:16,339
It's a tremendous monster.
339
00:17:16,383 --> 00:17:18,428
JONES: Once an accident
like this happens
340
00:17:18,472 --> 00:17:20,082
underground where you have
a fire burning,
341
00:17:20,126 --> 00:17:22,389
as time goes on,
the odds of putting it out
342
00:17:22,432 --> 00:17:24,956
get fewer and fewer and fewer.
343
00:17:25,000 --> 00:17:28,177
With a coal fire,
you're talking temperatures
344
00:17:28,221 --> 00:17:31,354
of a thousand
to 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit.
345
00:17:31,398 --> 00:17:34,270
As the fire grows and grows
and grows like this underground,
346
00:17:34,314 --> 00:17:37,012
all that heat is radiated
through the earth.
347
00:17:37,056 --> 00:17:39,406
It warms up the earth,
and could get to the point
348
00:17:39,449 --> 00:17:41,103
where you can see temperatures
of two, 300 degrees
349
00:17:41,147 --> 00:17:42,626
on the surface.
350
00:17:42,670 --> 00:17:45,890
And asphalt
and different materials
351
00:17:45,934 --> 00:17:47,805
actually start melting.
352
00:17:47,849 --> 00:17:51,157
Sinkholes open up,
houses collapse.
353
00:17:51,200 --> 00:17:54,203
This can go on
for a very, very long time.
354
00:17:54,247 --> 00:17:57,293
In the case of Centralia, even
to this day, 50 years later,
355
00:17:57,337 --> 00:17:59,382
you see steam vents
with toxic gasses
356
00:17:59,426 --> 00:18:01,645
being emitted out of the ground,
357
00:18:01,689 --> 00:18:03,821
you see vegetation
that has been destroyed
358
00:18:03,865 --> 00:18:05,780
because of those gases
in the heat.
359
00:18:05,823 --> 00:18:07,825
This is almost a wasteland,
360
00:18:07,869 --> 00:18:09,871
caused by these
underground fires.
361
00:18:09,914 --> 00:18:11,873
Some people have estimated
that it'll take 200 years
362
00:18:11,916 --> 00:18:15,659
for this fire to burn out,
and my estimation, nobody knows.
363
00:18:15,703 --> 00:18:19,185
We could be talking
two, three, four, 500 years.
364
00:18:19,228 --> 00:18:21,100
There is no answer
to that question.
365
00:18:22,362 --> 00:18:24,015
It's basically hell on Earth.
366
00:18:27,932 --> 00:18:33,112
SHATNER:
Centralia, Pennsylvania:
once booming, now barren.
367
00:18:33,155 --> 00:18:37,203
The ghost of a town
that once was.
368
00:18:37,246 --> 00:18:39,248
The few structures that remain
369
00:18:39,292 --> 00:18:42,860
seem to defy the fumes
to consume them.
370
00:18:42,904 --> 00:18:47,604
Is this story a cautionary tale
about the futility of mankind
371
00:18:47,648 --> 00:18:51,042
trying to bend nature
to its will?
372
00:18:51,086 --> 00:18:52,609
Perhaps.
373
00:18:52,653 --> 00:18:56,874
But in a forest halfway
across the world,
374
00:18:56,918 --> 00:18:58,876
there's an equally
compelling story,
375
00:18:58,920 --> 00:19:01,836
not about mankind
trying to bend nature,
376
00:19:01,879 --> 00:19:07,189
but about nature succeeding
in bending itself.
377
00:19:11,541 --> 00:19:14,283
GEORGE NOORY:
People are hearing a strange hu,
378
00:19:14,327 --> 00:19:16,590
just outside the village
of Nowe Czarnowo,
379
00:19:16,633 --> 00:19:20,463
stands a grove of pine trees
unlike any other.
380
00:19:20,507 --> 00:19:23,031
Instead of rising
straight up to the sky,
381
00:19:23,074 --> 00:19:26,077
these trees bend, bow...
382
00:19:27,862 --> 00:19:30,691
...and buckle
383
00:19:30,734 --> 00:19:35,652
in a most curious-- and some
would say-- unnatural fashion.
384
00:19:35,696 --> 00:19:39,221
Which is why this place
has come to be known as...
385
00:19:39,265 --> 00:19:42,398
the Crooked Forest.
386
00:19:42,442 --> 00:19:45,836
WYSESSION:
When you see this forest,
it's very striking.
387
00:19:45,880 --> 00:19:47,882
Trees come up
initially straight,
388
00:19:47,925 --> 00:19:51,015
and then they take a sharp bend
all to the north,
389
00:19:51,059 --> 00:19:55,281
and eventually curve
back up again.
390
00:19:55,324 --> 00:20:01,069
And to see maybe one tree grow
this way might not be unusual,
391
00:20:01,112 --> 00:20:04,290
but to see a whole grove
of trees grow this way,
392
00:20:04,333 --> 00:20:06,422
clearly something was at work.
393
00:20:10,513 --> 00:20:14,691
SHATNER:
Although scientists have dated
the unusual trees to the 1930s,
394
00:20:14,735 --> 00:20:18,260
local records became lost
after the end of World War II.
395
00:20:18,304 --> 00:20:20,567
The only thing
we know for certain
396
00:20:20,610 --> 00:20:23,396
is that these are otherwise
normal pine trees that,
397
00:20:23,439 --> 00:20:28,444
for whatever reason,
didn't grow straight.
398
00:20:28,488 --> 00:20:31,186
JOSH SLOAN: I don't know
of anywhere else in the world
399
00:20:31,230 --> 00:20:33,667
that we could walk into a forest
400
00:20:33,710 --> 00:20:38,585
and see such broad,
dramatic sweeping curves
401
00:20:38,628 --> 00:20:40,674
throughout the entire stand.
402
00:20:40,717 --> 00:20:43,372
And so there have been
a lot of questions,
403
00:20:43,416 --> 00:20:46,897
a lot of speculation
as to what caused this.
404
00:20:46,941 --> 00:20:50,249
Everything from tank maneuvers
405
00:20:50,292 --> 00:20:51,946
that might have occurred
in the area
406
00:20:51,989 --> 00:20:54,209
around the time of World War II
407
00:20:54,253 --> 00:20:57,212
to snow and wind loads
on these stands...
408
00:20:59,954 --> 00:21:02,478
...to chemicals that might have
been in the soil,
409
00:21:02,522 --> 00:21:05,786
or genetic questions
that might be at play.
410
00:21:14,925 --> 00:21:17,537
And be it
the human intervention...
411
00:21:26,197 --> 00:21:28,374
I think most of the natural
processes would cause
412
00:21:28,417 --> 00:21:31,333
a much more sort of
gradual curve or lean in a tree,
413
00:21:31,377 --> 00:21:34,249
but not such a distinctive
sort of hook shape.
414
00:21:34,293 --> 00:21:37,470
In this case, the fact
that it's very consistent
415
00:21:37,513 --> 00:21:39,863
and more extreme
than you would typically see
416
00:21:39,907 --> 00:21:42,388
in any sort of natural situation
417
00:21:42,431 --> 00:21:44,781
would suggest that it was
probably human manipulation.
418
00:21:44,825 --> 00:21:48,002
But we'll never know for sure
if that was the case.
419
00:21:49,395 --> 00:21:51,353
WYSESSION:
One possible explanation
420
00:21:51,397 --> 00:21:55,314
comes from records of timbers
called compass timbers,
421
00:21:55,357 --> 00:21:59,361
that were trees
that were grown particularly.
422
00:21:59,405 --> 00:22:03,147
They were pruned, much like
topiaries or bonsai trees,
423
00:22:03,191 --> 00:22:04,888
to have a curved shape.
424
00:22:04,932 --> 00:22:08,849
And these timbers
were used in the hulls of ships.
425
00:22:08,892 --> 00:22:13,288
Rather than trying to bend
boards with steam to make ships,
426
00:22:13,332 --> 00:22:17,640
they actually grew trees that
already had that curved shape.
427
00:22:20,208 --> 00:22:22,079
Whatever happened to these trees
428
00:22:22,123 --> 00:22:25,692
most likely happened
when they were very young.
429
00:22:25,735 --> 00:22:30,871
This obviously would have taken
a lot of thought and work
430
00:22:30,914 --> 00:22:35,310
on the part of somebody
to go out and plant this forest,
431
00:22:35,354 --> 00:22:40,315
to go in and prune or otherwise
manipulate these young trees
432
00:22:40,359 --> 00:22:45,233
and tend them to create this
kind of a big sweeping bend.
433
00:22:45,276 --> 00:22:48,062
And then that raises
the other part of this mystery:
434
00:22:48,105 --> 00:22:51,631
what changed
that nobody came back?
435
00:22:53,850 --> 00:22:56,679
WHITEHEAD: So, the idea that
humans cultivated these trees
436
00:22:56,723 --> 00:22:59,769
to make furniture or for some
other manufacturing purpose,
437
00:22:59,813 --> 00:23:01,684
it doesn't really add up.
438
00:23:01,728 --> 00:23:03,077
The question is,
why would anybody
439
00:23:03,120 --> 00:23:05,209
go to that kind of trouble?
440
00:23:05,253 --> 00:23:07,603
And, I mean, we're talking
at least ten years
441
00:23:07,647 --> 00:23:09,953
to produce a tree
with that kind of bend,
442
00:23:09,997 --> 00:23:13,304
only to disappear when it comes
time to harvest them.
443
00:23:15,219 --> 00:23:17,570
SHATNER:
If the Crooked Forest
isn't the result
444
00:23:17,613 --> 00:23:21,051
of some arborist's bizarre plan,
then what else
445
00:23:21,095 --> 00:23:26,013
could explain the trees'
strange and contorted shapes?
446
00:23:27,841 --> 00:23:29,712
There's got to be
something more to this.
447
00:23:29,756 --> 00:23:32,933
Maybe it's something
that we haven't yet thought of.
448
00:23:32,976 --> 00:23:35,849
Could it be that these trees
have some kind of capability
449
00:23:35,892 --> 00:23:38,242
that we have yet
to fully understand?
450
00:23:38,286 --> 00:23:41,463
In Native American traditions,
451
00:23:41,507 --> 00:23:44,423
plants have spiritual essence--
452
00:23:44,466 --> 00:23:47,295
or you might say souls,
plants have souls--
453
00:23:47,338 --> 00:23:50,690
and in that sense, what we might
think in terms of being a person
454
00:23:50,733 --> 00:23:52,605
or having a consciousness.
455
00:23:54,476 --> 00:23:56,478
Amongst our people, the trees,
456
00:23:56,522 --> 00:23:58,132
they, they do have a spirit.
457
00:23:58,175 --> 00:24:00,526
Not only trees, but everything.
458
00:24:00,569 --> 00:24:04,747
But mankind, we don't see that,
we don't understand that.
459
00:24:04,791 --> 00:24:07,054
WHITEHEAD:
We see this also
in Japanese culture,
460
00:24:07,097 --> 00:24:11,058
where they talk about nymphs and
spirits that inhabit the trees.
461
00:24:11,101 --> 00:24:13,103
And even
in the Druid traditions,
462
00:24:13,147 --> 00:24:15,236
they wouldn't even
approach a tree
463
00:24:15,279 --> 00:24:16,933
or walk underneath
the leaves of a tree
464
00:24:16,977 --> 00:24:18,718
without asking permission.
465
00:24:18,761 --> 00:24:20,589
They would speak to the tree.
466
00:24:24,767 --> 00:24:27,466
SHATNER:
Is it possible that the pines
of the Crooked Forest
467
00:24:27,509 --> 00:24:30,207
are actually capable
of communication?
468
00:24:30,251 --> 00:24:32,775
While such a notion
may seem far-fetched,
469
00:24:32,819 --> 00:24:35,343
scientists are beginning
to discover that trees,
470
00:24:35,386 --> 00:24:37,345
and other plants,
471
00:24:37,388 --> 00:24:41,828
have far greater capabilities
than previously known.
472
00:24:41,871 --> 00:24:45,527
FISHER:
When you step into a forest,
all the trees around you
473
00:24:45,571 --> 00:24:48,008
are not just isolated organisms.
474
00:24:48,051 --> 00:24:50,271
They're actually a community
475
00:24:50,314 --> 00:24:54,144
that are communicating
with each other.
476
00:24:54,188 --> 00:24:57,931
Forests are more often
connected underground
477
00:24:57,974 --> 00:25:00,847
through their root systems
by fungal mycelia,
478
00:25:00,890 --> 00:25:03,414
which are basically
little threads of fungi
479
00:25:03,458 --> 00:25:08,158
that tap into the roots and then
connect that tree to other trees
480
00:25:08,202 --> 00:25:09,856
that it's also connected to.
481
00:25:11,335 --> 00:25:13,381
WHITEHEAD:
So, the question is,
482
00:25:13,424 --> 00:25:16,602
is there an advanced form
of consciousness, in a way,
483
00:25:16,645 --> 00:25:18,255
that inhabit trees?
484
00:25:18,299 --> 00:25:20,170
And even
in the scientific world,
485
00:25:20,214 --> 00:25:22,999
they've been changing the way
that they look at trees,
486
00:25:23,043 --> 00:25:24,174
and they've been
seeing that trees
487
00:25:24,218 --> 00:25:26,350
possess a sort of intelligence,
488
00:25:26,394 --> 00:25:30,093
where they communicate
amongst each other.
489
00:25:32,052 --> 00:25:34,054
SHATNER:
Did the trees
of the Crooked Forest
490
00:25:34,097 --> 00:25:38,101
grow that way because someone,
or some force, willed them to?
491
00:25:38,145 --> 00:25:41,888
If true, it could revolutionize
the way we humans
492
00:25:41,931 --> 00:25:45,065
interact with the wondrous world
we live in.
493
00:25:45,108 --> 00:25:47,154
But it might also
help to explain
494
00:25:47,197 --> 00:25:50,505
another, less benign phenomenon,
495
00:25:50,549 --> 00:25:53,856
one in which a sound is produced
that is so subtle,
496
00:25:53,900 --> 00:25:57,251
yet so persistent, that it can
drive those who hear it...
497
00:25:57,294 --> 00:25:58,818
[window rattling]
498
00:25:58,861 --> 00:26:02,212
-...stark raving mad.
-[screams]
499
00:26:07,174 --> 00:26:09,611
TAYLOR:
This hum is affecting people.a.
500
00:26:09,655 --> 00:26:12,962
Located along the Detroit River,
this Canadian city seems,
501
00:26:13,006 --> 00:26:16,226
by all appearances,
to be quite normal.
502
00:26:16,270 --> 00:26:20,796
But if you listen closely,
you'll hear something strange.
503
00:26:20,840 --> 00:26:22,450
[low humming]
504
00:26:22,493 --> 00:26:24,670
Do you hear it?
505
00:26:24,713 --> 00:26:26,280
That humming noise?
506
00:26:28,325 --> 00:26:30,284
Well, if you do, be careful.
507
00:26:30,327 --> 00:26:34,027
It may just drive you mad.
508
00:26:36,812 --> 00:26:39,249
WYSESSION:
About a decade ago,
in Windsor, Canada,
509
00:26:39,293 --> 00:26:41,991
people began hearing a hum.
510
00:26:42,035 --> 00:26:44,777
Some people, not everyone,
and not all the time,
511
00:26:44,820 --> 00:26:47,388
but this was a serious,
significant hum.
512
00:26:49,956 --> 00:26:52,698
NOORY: I was born in Detroit and
I would go to Windsor, Canada
513
00:26:52,741 --> 00:26:56,702
quite often during my days
as a reporter in that city.
514
00:26:56,745 --> 00:27:00,009
People are hearing a strange hum
that affects them.
515
00:27:00,053 --> 00:27:04,100
It literally drives them crazy,
516
00:27:04,144 --> 00:27:05,841
and nobody's been able
to pinpoint exactly
517
00:27:05,885 --> 00:27:07,190
what's happening.
518
00:27:10,585 --> 00:27:13,370
Most people would describe it
as a very low frequency,
519
00:27:13,414 --> 00:27:15,285
modulating sound,
520
00:27:15,329 --> 00:27:19,507
or they'd characterize it
as a large diesel truck
521
00:27:19,550 --> 00:27:23,293
or even train locomotive
parked outside their window,
522
00:27:23,337 --> 00:27:25,034
chugging away.
523
00:27:27,471 --> 00:27:30,736
Sometimes I get, like, a rumble,
like, almost thunder,
524
00:27:30,779 --> 00:27:33,390
but it's definitely not thunder.
525
00:27:33,434 --> 00:27:35,305
It changes from one moment
to the next.
526
00:27:35,349 --> 00:27:37,917
Sometimes we get four hours,
sometimes we get four days,
527
00:27:37,960 --> 00:27:40,702
four weeks,
sometimes it's nonstop.
528
00:27:42,748 --> 00:27:44,401
DREW TRAUX:
Some nights it's been, like,
529
00:27:44,445 --> 00:27:46,403
really, really intense,
where it kind of has a little,
530
00:27:46,447 --> 00:27:49,580
to me, I-- has a little grind
to it as well.
531
00:27:49,624 --> 00:27:52,932
SONYA MACKIE:
It would be
in the middle of the night.
532
00:27:52,975 --> 00:27:55,717
You couldn't tell whether you're
hearing it or, or feeling it.
533
00:27:55,761 --> 00:28:00,330
It was, uh,
it's like a "voom, voom" noise.
534
00:28:02,376 --> 00:28:04,421
TAYLOR: Imagine that you're
sitting in a room
535
00:28:04,465 --> 00:28:06,641
trying to relax,
536
00:28:06,685 --> 00:28:10,601
and there is this low-level
humming sound in the background
537
00:28:10,645 --> 00:28:14,693
that you can just barely hear,
and it's continuous.
538
00:28:14,736 --> 00:28:18,566
So, if you have this constant
acoustic hum in the background,
539
00:28:18,609 --> 00:28:21,003
this could cause
adverse reactions.
540
00:28:21,047 --> 00:28:23,745
This hum is affecting people,
keeping them awake.
541
00:28:23,789 --> 00:28:25,442
It's ruining their lives.
542
00:28:25,486 --> 00:28:27,357
[loud humming]
543
00:28:30,578 --> 00:28:32,449
PROVOST:
It does affect my sleep.
544
00:28:32,493 --> 00:28:35,583
The pulsing and the pounding,
yeah, it-it wakes you up.
545
00:28:35,626 --> 00:28:38,368
It just resonates
through the house.
546
00:28:38,412 --> 00:28:40,762
Sometimes it gets so bad,
you get so infuriated with it,
547
00:28:40,806 --> 00:28:42,808
that it scares the hell
out of you.
548
00:28:42,851 --> 00:28:45,071
You just want to get away.
549
00:28:47,508 --> 00:28:50,032
Windsor being such
a highly industrialized city,
550
00:28:50,076 --> 00:28:52,121
we have a lot of different
sources of noise.
551
00:28:52,165 --> 00:28:53,993
But when it didn't go away,
552
00:28:54,036 --> 00:28:57,039
that's when people
started to get concerned.
553
00:28:57,083 --> 00:28:58,867
SHATNER:
For the residents of Windsor,
554
00:28:58,911 --> 00:29:01,652
the hum is no longer
a mere curiosity.
555
00:29:01,696 --> 00:29:05,787
For them, it's become
a full-fledged crisis,
556
00:29:05,831 --> 00:29:10,183
one that the local authorities
have tried to address.
557
00:29:10,226 --> 00:29:12,576
CRAIG PEARSON: The Canadian
government did a study
558
00:29:12,620 --> 00:29:16,798
and the report suggested
that it came from Zug Island,
559
00:29:16,842 --> 00:29:20,367
across the Detroit River
in Michigan.
560
00:29:20,410 --> 00:29:22,369
WHITEHEAD:
And the conventional theory
561
00:29:22,412 --> 00:29:25,807
is that the U.S. steel factories
that are located on Zug Island
562
00:29:25,851 --> 00:29:28,854
are somehow causing
a weird reverberation effect
563
00:29:28,897 --> 00:29:31,247
that is carrying that sound
564
00:29:31,291 --> 00:29:34,337
across the lake
and people are hearing it.
565
00:29:34,381 --> 00:29:37,471
WYSESSION:
One possible explanation
has to do
566
00:29:37,514 --> 00:29:40,256
with a phenomenon
called resonance.
567
00:29:40,300 --> 00:29:44,913
So, it could be, whatever
the low frequency machinery is
568
00:29:44,957 --> 00:29:50,005
that's vibrating, it's vibrating
at just the wrong frequency
569
00:29:50,049 --> 00:29:53,356
that is causing
surrounding structures
570
00:29:53,400 --> 00:29:57,534
to begin to amplify at that
exact resonant frequency.
571
00:29:57,578 --> 00:29:59,928
DENNIN:
The human use of industry
572
00:29:59,972 --> 00:30:02,365
is fairly common
from place to place.
573
00:30:02,409 --> 00:30:04,411
And so when you think
about Detroit,
574
00:30:04,454 --> 00:30:06,674
if the hum or the noise
is from industry,
575
00:30:06,717 --> 00:30:10,896
and that type of noise, you
would expect it in other places.
576
00:30:10,939 --> 00:30:13,202
However,
nature and natural noise
577
00:30:13,246 --> 00:30:15,596
is more localized and distinct.
578
00:30:15,639 --> 00:30:20,166
MACKIE:
When it first started,
no one knew what the hum was.
579
00:30:20,209 --> 00:30:21,602
They started studying it,
580
00:30:21,645 --> 00:30:23,473
and that's where the Zug Island
theory came up,
581
00:30:23,517 --> 00:30:25,954
but there's all these
what-if questions that come up.
582
00:30:25,998 --> 00:30:29,001
Why is it felt
in the evening hours,
583
00:30:29,044 --> 00:30:31,394
maybe verses
more so during the daytime?
584
00:30:31,438 --> 00:30:33,875
Why do you feel it on a weekend?
585
00:30:33,919 --> 00:30:36,051
Are they actually running
their facility on the weekend?
586
00:30:36,095 --> 00:30:39,272
Why is it worse during when the
weather patterns are different?
587
00:30:39,315 --> 00:30:44,407
It definitely does pose a lot of
questions and a lot of what-ifs.
588
00:30:44,451 --> 00:30:48,020
It could be many other places
that generate this.
589
00:30:48,063 --> 00:30:51,371
And low frequency sound could
be due to seismic activity.
590
00:30:51,414 --> 00:30:53,199
In the Detroit area,
591
00:30:53,242 --> 00:30:58,117
we know there's been
an increase in seismic activity.
592
00:30:58,160 --> 00:31:00,771
One natural phenomenon
that creates low frequency noise
593
00:31:00,815 --> 00:31:02,730
is earthquakes.
594
00:31:02,773 --> 00:31:06,299
In several cases, you can hear
the earthquakes occurring.
595
00:31:06,342 --> 00:31:07,822
They're very low frequency,
596
00:31:07,866 --> 00:31:10,042
mostly below
the human hearing range.
597
00:31:10,085 --> 00:31:12,261
But in some cases,
they can be heard.
598
00:31:12,305 --> 00:31:14,655
Interestingly,
some of the residents in Windsor
599
00:31:14,698 --> 00:31:17,876
have noted
the rattling of windows.
600
00:31:17,919 --> 00:31:21,923
And I've experienced an
earthquake where I had no idea
601
00:31:21,967 --> 00:31:24,230
it occurred except
all the windows of my house
602
00:31:24,273 --> 00:31:26,145
started vibrating.
603
00:31:26,188 --> 00:31:28,625
There was something in that
resonance of that earthquake
604
00:31:28,669 --> 00:31:31,411
that was the same frequency
as my windows.
605
00:31:32,891 --> 00:31:35,328
NOORY:
So, these hums are around
606
00:31:35,371 --> 00:31:38,287
on this planet in certain areas.
607
00:31:38,331 --> 00:31:40,768
Exactly what's causing it,
nobody knows.
608
00:31:40,811 --> 00:31:42,901
But it's very annoying
to a lot of people.
609
00:31:42,944 --> 00:31:45,207
Just imagine yourself
trying to sleep,
610
00:31:45,251 --> 00:31:47,949
feeling this hum all the time.
611
00:31:47,993 --> 00:31:50,430
It drives you nuts.
612
00:31:50,473 --> 00:31:51,822
I don't think
it'll ever be solved.
613
00:31:51,866 --> 00:31:53,737
I'm hoping it will be.
I won't give up
614
00:31:53,781 --> 00:31:57,524
until they find an answer
or tell us what's going on.
615
00:31:57,567 --> 00:32:01,006
If they can fix it, fix it.
If not, let us know why not.
616
00:32:01,049 --> 00:32:03,486
MACKIE:
It'd be nice
if it would be explained.
617
00:32:03,530 --> 00:32:05,401
Maybe one day.
618
00:32:05,445 --> 00:32:06,968
It would be great
if it went away.
619
00:32:07,012 --> 00:32:08,970
It'd be nice
not to hear it anymore.
620
00:32:09,014 --> 00:32:12,017
SHATNER:
Is the nauseating hum
621
00:32:12,060 --> 00:32:14,280
experienced by the people
of Windsor
622
00:32:14,323 --> 00:32:18,371
really caused by nearby
industrial plants?
623
00:32:18,414 --> 00:32:22,157
Or is it due
to something even stranger?
624
00:32:22,201 --> 00:32:24,943
There are some who believe
that the hum
625
00:32:24,986 --> 00:32:27,032
may come from the same place
626
00:32:27,075 --> 00:32:31,123
where geologists believe there
lies an incredible energy,
627
00:32:31,166 --> 00:32:34,213
one so powerful
and so unstoppable,
628
00:32:34,256 --> 00:32:37,520
that one day it may
actually wipe out
629
00:32:37,564 --> 00:32:40,262
all of mankind.
630
00:32:47,661 --> 00:32:50,969
WYSESSION:
It is so anomalous, it is easy
631
00:32:51,012 --> 00:32:54,668
stretching out
to strike the sky.
632
00:32:54,711 --> 00:32:58,802
A colossal, 900-foot shaft
of rugged rock,
633
00:32:58,846 --> 00:33:03,938
one whose very name
conjures notions of both awe
634
00:33:03,982 --> 00:33:05,809
and dread.
635
00:33:05,853 --> 00:33:09,422
Devils Tower.
636
00:33:09,465 --> 00:33:13,513
Devils Tower is remarkable
because you can drive across
637
00:33:13,556 --> 00:33:17,169
the sedimentary plains,
see nothing but flat ground
638
00:33:17,212 --> 00:33:18,953
for miles and miles,
639
00:33:18,997 --> 00:33:23,392
and then this tall,
dark tower emerges
640
00:33:23,436 --> 00:33:25,133
as you drive towards it.
641
00:33:25,177 --> 00:33:29,007
There is nothing like it
in the surrounding area.
642
00:33:29,050 --> 00:33:32,706
The rock has a grayish,
even a greenish-gray color.
643
00:33:32,749 --> 00:33:35,796
And so, as you approach
Devils Tower,
644
00:33:35,839 --> 00:33:40,844
it's a distinct, stark contrast
to the sort of tans and browns
645
00:33:40,888 --> 00:33:44,196
of the surrounding
sedimentary rocks.
646
00:33:47,416 --> 00:33:49,636
SHATNER:
Located in northeastern Wyoming,
647
00:33:49,679 --> 00:33:53,031
Devils Tower was declared
America's very first
648
00:33:53,074 --> 00:33:57,426
national monument in 1906
by President Theodore Roosevelt,
649
00:33:57,470 --> 00:34:02,866
who sought to protect it as an
object of scientific interest.
650
00:34:02,910 --> 00:34:05,086
Since then, many have asked:
651
00:34:05,130 --> 00:34:10,744
what could have caused
this massive tower to form?
652
00:34:10,787 --> 00:34:12,789
There are many theories
about it,
653
00:34:12,833 --> 00:34:15,357
but there's no agreement
on what it was
654
00:34:15,401 --> 00:34:16,837
that produced
this miracle of nature.
655
00:34:19,970 --> 00:34:21,842
It's made of volcanic-type
materials,
656
00:34:21,885 --> 00:34:24,236
but there's no other
volcanic activity around it.
657
00:34:24,279 --> 00:34:26,890
So what caused this thing?
658
00:34:26,934 --> 00:34:28,892
We don't know the answer
to that question.
659
00:34:28,936 --> 00:34:31,417
It's a really interesting
conundrum.
660
00:34:33,549 --> 00:34:37,075
SHATNER:
Is Devils Tower really
a miracle of nature?
661
00:34:37,118 --> 00:34:39,120
Something that simply
cannot be explained
662
00:34:39,164 --> 00:34:41,688
by natural and scientific laws?
663
00:34:41,731 --> 00:34:47,694
Sorry, but that explanation
is simply not good enough.
664
00:34:47,737 --> 00:34:51,132
As much as we like to walk
around with the confidence that
665
00:34:51,176 --> 00:34:52,481
we know this planet
666
00:34:52,525 --> 00:34:54,483
and we understand
the planet we live on,
667
00:34:54,527 --> 00:34:59,488
there seems to be nothing
but mystery on this planet.
668
00:34:59,532 --> 00:35:01,664
We don't understand
how to predict earthquakes.
669
00:35:01,708 --> 00:35:04,145
[rumbling]
670
00:35:04,189 --> 00:35:07,366
We don't understand
how lightning travels.
671
00:35:07,409 --> 00:35:09,150
There's so many questions
that we have
672
00:35:09,194 --> 00:35:12,066
about what produces
the forces of nature.
673
00:35:14,199 --> 00:35:17,376
SHATNER:
Some have suggested that the key
to understanding Devils Tower
674
00:35:17,419 --> 00:35:21,293
is to think of it the way
many Native Americans do:
675
00:35:21,336 --> 00:35:24,165
not as a natural formation,
676
00:35:24,209 --> 00:35:28,474
but as an unnatural one.
677
00:35:28,517 --> 00:35:31,651
The native peoples of the area
have worshiped this tower
678
00:35:31,694 --> 00:35:33,653
as an altar of sorts,
679
00:35:33,696 --> 00:35:37,265
and many feel like they can
climb to the top of this place
680
00:35:37,309 --> 00:35:40,834
and get divine inspiration, uh,
become empowered.
681
00:35:40,877 --> 00:35:44,446
And the question is, is there
some truth to this native legend
682
00:35:44,490 --> 00:35:47,319
that this place is a
sacred place on the planet
683
00:35:47,362 --> 00:35:50,583
and it is a sort of altar that
allows humans to communicate
684
00:35:50,626 --> 00:35:53,194
to the spirits
or to the universe
685
00:35:53,238 --> 00:35:56,589
or to the gods
that they believe in?
686
00:35:56,632 --> 00:35:59,592
To view Devils Tower,
if you want to call it that--
687
00:35:59,635 --> 00:36:01,985
Mathó Thípila
is what we call it--
688
00:36:02,029 --> 00:36:03,509
it's a sacred place,
689
00:36:03,552 --> 00:36:07,469
and when you see it
from a certain distance,
690
00:36:07,513 --> 00:36:12,082
even then, you start to feel
the wonder of it,
691
00:36:12,126 --> 00:36:15,608
the sacredness of it, and as you
get closer and closer,
692
00:36:15,651 --> 00:36:19,612
the positive sacred energy
starts to build,
693
00:36:19,655 --> 00:36:21,657
and you feel it
even more when you
694
00:36:21,701 --> 00:36:25,922
get to the base of the tower.
695
00:36:25,966 --> 00:36:28,142
I think, in the case
of Devils Tower,
696
00:36:28,186 --> 00:36:31,798
it is so unusual,
it is so anomalous,
697
00:36:31,841 --> 00:36:35,628
that it is easy to ascribe
a mystical
698
00:36:35,671 --> 00:36:38,500
or spiritual attribute to it.
699
00:36:38,544 --> 00:36:41,155
It's not surprising
that Hollywood directors
700
00:36:41,199 --> 00:36:43,070
would choose this as the place
701
00:36:43,113 --> 00:36:47,161
that aliens would land
from outer space.
702
00:36:47,205 --> 00:36:50,556
In the mid-1970s,
one of the most important events
703
00:36:50,599 --> 00:36:52,949
in the history of, uh,
Devils Tower took place,
704
00:36:52,993 --> 00:36:54,603
and that was the filming
of the movie
705
00:36:54,647 --> 00:36:56,605
Close Encounters
of the Third Kind.
706
00:36:56,649 --> 00:37:00,566
In that movie
by Steven Spielberg,
707
00:37:00,609 --> 00:37:05,745
the tower is a spot that
many people are drawn to,
708
00:37:05,788 --> 00:37:07,964
and they don't know why
they're drawn to it.
709
00:37:08,008 --> 00:37:10,880
They're drawn to it
from all over the country.
710
00:37:10,924 --> 00:37:13,274
It turns out,
as the movie goes on,
711
00:37:13,318 --> 00:37:15,407
that they're drawn here
because they've been abducted
712
00:37:15,450 --> 00:37:17,844
some time during their life
by aliens.
713
00:37:17,887 --> 00:37:22,631
A UFO lands on top of the tower,
714
00:37:22,675 --> 00:37:26,505
and Richard Dreyfuss
and several other people
715
00:37:26,548 --> 00:37:31,118
climb into the UFO
and fly off into space.
716
00:37:33,076 --> 00:37:35,296
The number of visitors
that came to the tower
717
00:37:35,340 --> 00:37:37,733
doubled the year after
that movie came out,
718
00:37:37,777 --> 00:37:42,477
and it stayed at that level
every year ever since.
719
00:37:42,521 --> 00:37:45,132
I don't know if it's
a landing site for UFOs,
720
00:37:45,175 --> 00:37:46,786
as Spielberg had in his movie,
721
00:37:46,829 --> 00:37:49,223
or what it might be.
722
00:37:49,267 --> 00:37:51,965
I mean, the more we look at it,
the more baffled we are.
723
00:37:52,008 --> 00:37:55,447
We are going to find things
as we continue
724
00:37:55,490 --> 00:37:59,277
to observe and search and study
the Earth that we had no idea
725
00:37:59,320 --> 00:38:03,411
how they got there, what type of
physical process created them,
726
00:38:03,455 --> 00:38:05,718
and we're gonna learn
new things all the time.
727
00:38:08,721 --> 00:38:11,637
SHATNER:
Is it Devils Tower
that is unnatural,
728
00:38:11,680 --> 00:38:15,467
or is it our own limited
understanding of nature
729
00:38:15,510 --> 00:38:18,121
that produces the confusion?
730
00:38:18,165 --> 00:38:23,388
Perhaps Devils Tower exists
to keep mankind humble,
731
00:38:23,431 --> 00:38:27,348
as a reminder that we still have
a lot to learn.
732
00:38:34,268 --> 00:38:36,705
ATNER:Yellowstone National Park.
733
00:38:36,749 --> 00:38:40,274
Each year, more than
four million people
734
00:38:40,318 --> 00:38:41,971
travel from all over the world
735
00:38:42,015 --> 00:38:45,279
to experience its canyons,
736
00:38:45,323 --> 00:38:49,457
hot springs,
and other natural wonders.
737
00:38:49,501 --> 00:38:53,505
But the most wondrous
sight of all
738
00:38:53,548 --> 00:38:57,117
is a geyser that shoots a jet
of superheated water
739
00:38:57,160 --> 00:38:59,206
more than 150 feet into the air.
740
00:39:01,251 --> 00:39:04,733
And it does so
at such regular intervals
741
00:39:04,777 --> 00:39:07,997
that you can practically
set your watch by it,
742
00:39:08,041 --> 00:39:09,999
which is why
they call this geyser
743
00:39:10,043 --> 00:39:13,351
"Old Faithful."
744
00:39:13,394 --> 00:39:14,917
WYSESSION:
If you visit Yellowstone,
745
00:39:14,961 --> 00:39:17,790
it's spectacular; there are
geysers all over the place.
746
00:39:17,833 --> 00:39:21,489
Some erupt every few minutes,
747
00:39:21,533 --> 00:39:25,145
some erupt every few hours.
748
00:39:25,188 --> 00:39:28,409
But what is remarkable
about Old Faithful
749
00:39:28,453 --> 00:39:32,239
is you can go there with a
stopwatch and-and you can time,
750
00:39:32,282 --> 00:39:33,980
almost to the minute,
751
00:39:34,023 --> 00:39:39,420
when the next eruption
of Old Faithful will occur.
752
00:39:39,464 --> 00:39:43,598
DENNIN:
Most of nature is radical
and unpredictable,
753
00:39:43,642 --> 00:39:46,688
but the really surprising
feature of Old Faithful
754
00:39:46,732 --> 00:39:48,995
is not that it's periodic
and regular--
755
00:39:49,038 --> 00:39:51,824
because that also happens
in many places in nature--
756
00:39:51,867 --> 00:39:54,783
it's that it's been periodic
and regular for so long.
757
00:39:54,827 --> 00:39:57,656
That is something that
really shows us there's a lot
758
00:39:57,699 --> 00:40:01,050
we don't understand about nature
and a lot more we need to learn.
759
00:40:01,094 --> 00:40:05,315
SHATNER:
Old Faithful. For centuries,
760
00:40:05,359 --> 00:40:08,580
we've thought of it as
a mere tourist attraction,
761
00:40:08,623 --> 00:40:10,233
a quaint example
of Mother Nature
762
00:40:10,277 --> 00:40:11,670
at her most punctual.
763
00:40:11,713 --> 00:40:15,456
But what if we're wrong?
764
00:40:15,500 --> 00:40:18,720
What if it is really providing
a geological countdown
765
00:40:18,764 --> 00:40:22,420
to mankind's
ultimate extinction?
766
00:40:22,463 --> 00:40:25,771
Yellowstone is famous for bears,
767
00:40:25,814 --> 00:40:28,948
it's famous for
magnificent geysers,
768
00:40:28,991 --> 00:40:30,645
but underneath your feet
769
00:40:30,689 --> 00:40:34,649
is a supervolcano,
770
00:40:34,693 --> 00:40:38,174
and it's at least
44 miles across.
771
00:40:38,218 --> 00:40:41,743
Is a whole network
of magma pools
772
00:40:41,787 --> 00:40:43,615
that could one day blow up...
773
00:40:45,486 --> 00:40:49,316
...and cause tremendous havoc.
774
00:40:49,359 --> 00:40:51,318
TAYLOR: A supervolcano,
if it were to erupt,
775
00:40:51,361 --> 00:40:54,452
is so massive amount of energy
being released
776
00:40:54,495 --> 00:40:57,063
that it would destroy half of
the continental United States,
777
00:40:57,106 --> 00:40:59,500
and it would be more devastating
to the entire planet
778
00:40:59,544 --> 00:41:03,286
than the asteroid that hit, that
we think killed the dinosaurs.
779
00:41:05,550 --> 00:41:09,075
KAKU:
This gigantic eruption
has happened three times,
780
00:41:09,118 --> 00:41:11,643
three times in
the recorded history,
781
00:41:11,686 --> 00:41:15,821
and we are due for another one
who knows when,
782
00:41:15,864 --> 00:41:19,781
maybe tomorrow, maybe a hundred,
maybe 200,000 years from now,
783
00:41:19,825 --> 00:41:21,653
but it will happen.
784
00:41:26,048 --> 00:41:30,792
What do we really know
about this planet we live on?
785
00:41:30,836 --> 00:41:33,578
Just when we think we have
Mother Nature figured out,
786
00:41:33,621 --> 00:41:38,974
something reminds us that we're
not as smart as we think we are.
787
00:41:39,018 --> 00:41:42,935
After all, have we found a way
to put out the Centralia fire?
788
00:41:42,978 --> 00:41:46,939
Or how Devils Tower was formed?
789
00:41:46,982 --> 00:41:49,071
What if not knowing
all the answers
790
00:41:49,115 --> 00:41:51,160
is why we were put here
in the first place.
791
00:41:51,204 --> 00:41:54,294
Perhaps we're made to keep
searching, to keep learning,
792
00:41:54,337 --> 00:41:58,080
and to keep trying to figure out
the answers...
793
00:41:58,124 --> 00:42:00,126
to The UnXplained.
794
00:42:00,169 --> 00:42:02,955
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