Original subtitles

♪♪

Narrator: ANIMALS...

DO THE MOST INCREDIBLE THINGS.

[ GOAT BLEATS ]

LIKE THIS...

AND THIS.

I BET YOU'RE WONDERING, "HOW DO THEY DO THAT?"

WE'RE REVEALING ANIMALS' BIGGEST SECRETS, LIKE...

WHY DO DROWNED ANTS NOT DROWN?

WHY DON'T WOODPECKERS GET HEADACHES?

AND HOW DOES A 15-FOOT OCTOPUS ESCAPE THROUGH A 3-INCH HOLE?

THESE WONDERS AND MORE ON...

--Captions by VITAC-- www.vitac.com

CAPTIONS PAID FOR BY DISCOVERY COMMUNICATIONS

A FAMILY PICNIC IN THE PARK --

DELIGHTFUL SCENERY, DELICIOUS FOOD...

[ RECORD SCRATCH]

BUT THERE'S ONE PESKY PEST THAT SPOILS THE PARTY.

NO MATTER HOW YOU TRY, THE FLY ALMOST ALWAYS GETS AWAY.

[ FLIES BUZZING ]

INFURIATING YET FASCINATING,

THE BUG-EYED FLY HAS BEEN BUZZING ACROSS THE PLANET

FOR OVER 214 MILLION YEARS.

THAT MEANS THEY EVEN ANNOYED THE DINOSAURS.

[ DINOSAUR ROARS ]

THEIR LONG-TERM SURVIVAL

IS A RESULT OF THEIR BRILLIANT ABILITY

TO EVADE CAPTURE AND SQUISHING.

WHEN IT COMES TO LANDING A DIRECT HIT,

THE FLY IS ALWAYS ONE STEP AHEAD OF US.

BUT HOW?

WELL, TRYING TO STUDY THESE GUYS IN THE WILD

IS AS TRICKY AS SWATTING THEM,

SO WE'VE COME TO CALTECH IN PASADENA.

HERE, FLY GUY DR. MICHAEL DICKINSON

HAS A FUTURISTIC WAY TO STUDY THESE ANCIENT BUGS.

HE'S PUTTING THEM IN A SCI-FI-STYLE MACHINE

THAT ALLOWS HIM TO CAPTURE THE BEHAVIOR OF FLIES

IN AMAZING DETAIL.

WELCOME TO THE FLYING ARENA.

Dickinson: THIS IS A CUSTOM-DESIGNED DEVICE --

BASICALLY A WAY THAT WE CAN LET FLIES PLAY A LITTLE VIDEO GAME.

Narrator: A FLY IS TEMPORARILY TIED TO A TETHER.

FLY LOVERS, FEAR NOT.

IT WILL ESCAPE UNHARMED.

TO STIMULATE THE FLY, COMPUTER-CONTROLLED LIGHTS

SIMULATE INCOMING OBJECTS,

LIKE A FLYSWATTER COMING IN FOR THE KILL.

SUPER-FAST CAMERAS ALLOW MICHAEL TO MONITOR HOW THE FLY REACTS.

Dickinson: SO WE HAVE A CAMERA THAT MEASURES THE MOTION,

AND WITH THE CAMERA, WE CAN DECIDE WHETHER THE FLIES

ARE TRYING TO TURN TO THE LEFT OR TURN TO THE RIGHT.

Narrator: OKAY. TIME TO PLAY.

MICHAEL FIRES UP THE ENGINE, AND THE FLY STARTS TO REACT.

NO MATTER WHERE THE STIMULUS COMES FROM,

IT EVOKES A REACTION IN THE FLY.

THAT'S BECAUSE OF FLY DEFENSE NUMBER ONE --

ITS EYES.

THOUSANDS OF FIXED INDIVIDUAL LENSES

POINTING IN ALL DIRECTIONS

GIVE IT CLOSE TO 360-DEGREE VISION,

SO THERE'S NO SNEAKING UP ON A FLY.

Dickinson: OH, DID YOU SEE THAT?

ITS LEGS JUST FLICKED OUT IN RESPONSE

TO THE EXPANDING SPOT.

Narrator: ITS NEXT DEFENSE IS SPEED OF REACTION.

IN THIS CASE, MOVING ITS LEGS,

A FLY CAN SHIFT THE DIRECTION OF FLIGHT.

Dickinson: THERE IS A NICE TURN TO THE RIGHT.

THIS FLY IS RESPONDING VERY, VERY QUICKLY

TO THE OBJECT THAT'S COMING TOWARDS IT.

Narrator: MICHAEL'S TEST REVEALS THAT FLIES HAVE

AN ALMOST SUPERNATURAL REACTION SPEED OF 100 MILLISECONDS,

A QUARTER OF THE TIME IT TAKES A HUMAN TO BLINK.

Dickinson: FLIES LIKE THIS HAVE VERY, VERY TINY BRAINS,

ABOUT THE SIZE OF A SALT GRAIN,

BUT THEY CAN PROCESS INFORMATION VERY, VERY QUICKLY.

Narrator: SO NOT CLEVER, BUT SUPER-FAST.

A HUMAN BRAIN CAN TAKE IN, AT MOST, 60 IMAGES A SECOND.

A FLY CAN HANDLE 250,

MORE THAN ANY ANIMAL ON EARTH,

WHICH MEANS FLIES SEE THE WORLD IN A DIFFERENT WAY.

IT WOULD BE ALMOST LIKE SEEING THE WORLD IN SLOW MOTION.

Narrator: SO AN ATTEMPTED SWAT THAT LOOKS LIKE THIS TO US

LOOKS LIKE THIS TO A FLY.

MICHAEL'S TEST ALSO REVEALS THAT,

AS WELL AS SUPER VISION AND SUPER-FAST BRAINS,

FLIES ALSO HAVE SUPER-FAST WINGS.

THEY BEAT 200 TIMES A SECOND,

MAKING FLIES ONE OF THE FASTEST FLAPPERS IN NATURE.

DISPLACING AIR AT THAT SPEED IS WHAT MAKES THE ANNOYING BUZZ,

BUT THESE WINGS CAN ALSO TURN A FLY 120 DEGREES

IN A TENTH OF A SECOND.

Dickinson: OOP. THERE'S ANOTHER RAPID TURN.

THAT TIME IT'S TO THE RIGHT.

Narrator: SO NO MATTER HOW FAST YOU TRY TO SWAT A FLY,

THE ODDS ARE AGAINST YOU.

MICHAEL, FOR ONE, IS OKAY WITH THAT.

LIKE FLYING FRIENDS, HE'S RATHER PLEASED THEY GET AWAY.

THINK BEFORE YOU SWAT

BECAUSE THEY'RE WONDERFUL LITTLE CREATURES

CAPABLE OF FANTASTIC BEHAVIORS.

[ FROG CROAKING ]

[ ELEPHANT TRUMPETS ]

Narrator: THROUGHOUT THE ANIMAL KINGDOM,

THERE'S ONE PART OF THE BODY

EVERY CREATURE NEEDS TO KEEP SAFE --

ITS HEAD.

SAFETY FIRST.

SO WHEN WE SEE A BIRD'S HEAD-BANGING HAS GONE HAYWIRE,

IT DOESN'T MAKE SENSE.

FOR ANY OTHER ANIMAL, THIS MUCH HEAD-BANGING

WOULD BE A RECIPE FOR A VERY SORE HEAD, SO...

♪♪

ACROSS AFRICA, ASIA, AND EUROPE, WHERE THERE'S WOOD,

THERE'S LIKELY TO BE A WOODPECKER PECKING ON IT.

WHY DO THEY DO IT?

WOODPECKERS DRILL HOLES TO MAKE A LITTLE WOODEN NEST,

TO MAKE LITTLE WOODEN STOREHOUSES TO KEEP FOOD,

AND THEY ALSO DRILL FOR DELICIOUS INSECTS

UNDER TREE BARK.

BUT TO GET THROUGH THE WOOD,

EACH PECK FROM THESE TINY JACKHAMMERS

DELIVERS A MASSIVE AMOUNT OF FORCE.

IN FACT, ONE PECK DELIVERS OVER SIX TIMES THE FORCE

OF A HUMAN HEAD HITTING A CAR WINDSHIELD

IN A 30-MILE-AN-HOUR CAR CRASH.

OUR BRAIN MIGHT NOT SURVIVE THE IMPACT,

BUT WOODPECKERS SMASH THEIR HEADS THAT HARD

22 TIMES A SECOND AS MANY AS 12,000 TIMES A DAY,

SO HOW DO THEY SURVIVE?

CREDIT GOES TO THE WOODPECKER'S TONGUE.

THAT'S RIGHT -- THEIR TONGUE.

A WOODPECKER HAS A LONG BEAK,

BUT ITS TOUGH LITTLE TONGUE IS THREE TIMES LONGER,

AND IT STRETCHES RIGHT BACK INTO THE SKULL.

A WOODPECKER'S TONGUE IS SUPPORTED BY A SPECIAL BONE,

WHICH WRAPS COMPLETELY AROUND THE WOODPECKER'S SKULL

AND ACTS LIKE A SAFETY BELT,

KEEPING THE SKULL SECURE DURING IMPACTS.

THE SKULL ITSELF IS MADE OF SPONGE-LIKE BONE

UNIQUE TO WOODPECKERS

THAT ABSORBS IMPACT AROUND THE BRAIN.

WOODPECKERS' AMAZING ANATOMY

MEANS THEY CAN KEEP HEAD-BANGING ALL DAY, EVERY DAY.

WHEN IT COMES TO USING THEIR HEADS,

WOODPECKERS ARE TOP OF THE PECKING ORDER.

COMING UP... -THERE HE GOES.

Narrator: ...THE GREAT SLITHERY ESCAPE,

MORE TONGUE TWISTERS,

AND INSECT MISSION: IMPOSSIBLE.

♪♪

Narrator: OFF THE COAST OF ALASKA,

A FISHING BOAT IS PULLING IN ITS LATEST HAUL,

BUT AMONG THE FISH, AN UNEXPECTED CATCH --

A GIANT PACIFIC OCTOPUS.

Man: WOW!

HE'S SO ANGRY RIGHT NOW.

Narrator: THE DECK IS SEALED EXCEPT FOR A FEW SMALL HOLES

WHICH DRAIN WATER BACK INTO THE SEA.

THE HOLE IS THE SIZE OF A SODA CAN,

BUT THIS OCTOPUS IS MORE LIKE A 24-PACK.

AND THIS CEPHALOPOD IS LIKE HARRY HOUDINI.

INCREDIBLY, THE OCTOPUS SQUEEZES THROUGH THE GAP

AND MAKES ITS ESCAPE.

DANNY ALEXANDER HAS BEEN CARING FOR MARINE ANIMALS

AT TENNESSEE AQUARIUM FOR MORE THAN 25 YEARS.

AMONG HIS CHARGES IS A MEMBER OF THE VERY SAME SPECIES

THAT ESCAPED FROM THE FISHING BOAT.

WE HAVE A GIANT PACIFIC OCTOPUS.

THIS IS LINDA.

Narrator: THE GIANT PACIFIC OCTOPUS

IS THE LARGEST SPECIES IN THE WORLD.

THEY CAN HAVE AN ARM SPAN OF MORE THAN 16 FEET,

AND DANNY KNOWS ONLY TOO WELL HOW GOOD THEY ARE AT ESCAPING.

OCTOPUSES ARE DEFINITELY MASTERS OF ESCAPE.

HOUDINI WOULD'VE BEEN PROUD OF THE METHODS OCTOPUSES HAVE,

SO THEY'RE TOO SMART FOR THEIR OWN GOOD.

Narrator: THE FIRST THING YOU NEED TO BE AN ESCAPOLOGIST

IS BRAINS.

Man: WOW!

Narrator: AND LUCKILY, AN OCTOPUS HAS NINE OF THEM.

AS WELL AS A LARGE CENTRAL BRAIN,

THE OCTOPUS' EIGHT ARMS ARE ALSO PACKED WITH MILLIONS OF NEURONS,

WHICH MEANS EACH ONE IS LIKE ANOTHER BRAIN IN ITSELF.

IT'S LIKE EACH TENTACLE HAS A MIND OF ITS OWN,

SEARCHING THE SURROUNDING TERRAIN

FOR A POSSIBLE ESCAPE ROUTE.

Man: HE'S SO ANGRY RIGHT NOW.

Narrator: THE NINE-BRAIN SMARTY-PUSS SEA CREATURE

WANTS TO FIND A WAY OUT,

BUT ITS FIRST CHALLENGE IS TO MOVE AROUND THE BOAT.

IN THE SEA, THE OCTOPUS GETS AROUND

BY BLOWING WATER THROUGH A JET-LIKE VALVE.

ON DECK, THAT DOESN'T WORK.

SO INSTEAD, IT MAKES USE OF ITS SUPER-SPECIALIZED SUCKERS.

GIANT PACIFIC OCTOPUS HAVE MORE THAN 2,000 OF THEM,

WHICH MAKES LINDA A BIT CLINGY.

EACH SUCTION CUP CAN HOLD ABOUT 35 POUNDS.

IT'S ALMOST LIKE WRESTLING WITH LIVE SPAGHETTI --

SPAGHETTI THAT STICKS TO YOU LIKE GLUE.

Narrator: THIS LITTLE SUCKER WITH MORE BRAINS THAN EINSTEIN

HAS MANAGED TO FIND A GAP,

BUT DOES THIS GAP LEAD TO SEA AND FREEDOM?

LUCKILY, THOSE SUCKERS AREN'T JUST GOOD FOR SUCKING.

THEY CAN SMELL LIKE A NOSE AND TASTE LIKE A TONGUE.

THEY CAN TASTE WITH THEIR SUCTION CUPS,

SO MAYBE I TASTE GOOD.

I DON'T KNOW.

Narrator: THE SUCKER ON AN OCTOPUS HAS A SENSE OF TASTE

1,000 TIMES MORE SENSITIVE THAN OURS,

SO EVEN IF IT CAN'T SEE THE WATER,

IT CAN SENSE IT --

IN THIS CASE, LYING ON THE OTHER SIDE OF A TINY HOLE.

BUT HOW WILL IT GET THROUGH?

THE OCTOPUS' HEAD ALONE IS AT LEAST 12 INCHES WIDE,

SO MUCH BIGGER THAN THE 3-INCH HOLE.

YOU'VE HEARD OF ESCAPE ARTISTS GETTING OUT OF TIGHT SPOTS

BY DISLOCATING BONES.

WELL, A CRAFTY OCTOPUS CAN GET THROUGH TIGHT SPOTS

BY NOT HAVING ANY.

Alexander: SINCE THEY DON'T HAVE BONES, THEY'RE INVERTEBRATES.

THEY'RE ALMOST LIKE JELL-O --

JELL-O WITH PURPOSE AND MOVEMENT.

Narrator: THE ONLY PART OF AN OCTOPUS THAT CAN'T BE SHRUNK

TO ALMOST NOTHING IS ITS FOOD-CHOMPING BEAK,

AND THAT'S BECAUSE IT'S HARD.

THE BEAK'S MADE OF KERATIN,

WHICH IS LIKE THE SAME MATERIAL YOUR FINGERNAILS ARE MADE OF,

SO AS LONG AS IT'S A LITTLE BIT BIGGER THAN THEIR BEAK,

THEY CAN SLITHER INTO THE SMALLEST OF OPENINGS.

Narrator: WITH THE STRANGE ABILITY

TO SQUEEZE THROUGH SUPER-SMALL GAPS,

THE STOWAWAY SLIDES TO FREEDOM.

Man: THERE HE GOES.

WOW!

Narrator: SO OUR OCTOPUS HOUDINI WAS ABLE TO USE

ITS JELL-O-LIKE BODY, ITS BRAINY ARMS,

AND SENSITIVE SUCKERS,

AND THESE SUPER ESCAPE SKILLS ARE USEFUL IN THE WILD, TOO.

WHEN A PREDATOR COMES ALONG, THESE SLITHERY SHAPE-SHIFTERS

USE THEIR AMAZING SKILLS TO HIDE AWAY AND STAY OUT OF REACH.

SO LONG, SUCKERS!

[ DUCK QUACKS ]

COMING UP --

HOW TINY ANTS SURVIVE MONSTER FLOODS

AND WHY GIRAFFE TONGUES HAVE GONE TO THE DARK SIDE.

♪♪

Narrator: EVERY YEAR, ENOUGH RAIN FALLS IN THE U.S.

TO FILL LAKE ERIE 10 TIMES OVER.

THAT'S A LOT OF WATER, ESPECIALLY IF YOU'RE AN ANT.

A DROP OF RAIN LANDING ON AN ANT

IS LIKE A CAR LANDING ON YOU OR ME,

AND IF A DOWNPOUR BECOMES A FLOOD,

ENTIRE COLONIES OF ANTS COULD BE WIPED OUT,

BUT SOMEHOW THEY'RE NOT.

ANT COLONIES CAN BE MASSIVE.

THE BIGGEST ARE BURSTING WITH MILLIONS OF INDIVIDUALS,

AND BECAUSE MANY SPECIES LIVE IN SOGGY AREAS,

SOME, LIKE THE LEAFCUTTER,

HAVE DEVELOPED WAYS TO OUTMANEUVER FLOODING RAIN.

THEY SCURRY UP TREES,

CARRYING THEIR BABY-ANT LARVAE AWAY FROM THE WATER,

BUT ONE SPECIES, THE EXTREME SURVIVALISTS OF THE ANT WORLD,

HAS TAKEN ITS WET-WEATHER TACTICS TO AN EPIC LEVEL --

THE RED FIRE ANT.

THESE ANTS ARE NATIVE TO SOUTH AMERICA

BUT HAVE INVADED PLACES OUTSIDE OF THEIR HOME RANGE.

THEY ARE NOW FOUND IN DOZENS OF COUNTRIES ACROSS THE WORLD

AND HAVE SPREAD TO THE SOUTHERN U.S.

PHILIP SHADEGG OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA

HAS BEEN INVESTIGATING THESE INCREDIBLY TOUGH INSECTS

AND HOW THEY DEAL WITH WATER.

WHEN WORKING WITH FIRE ANTS, GLOVES ARE RECOMMENDED.

THEY'RE CALLED FIRE ANTS BECAUSE THEIR STING IS SAID

TO FEEL LIKE A LITTLE MATCH IS BEING PRESSED INTO YOUR SKIN.

IT CERTAINLY IS UNPLEASANT.

SO ANT VENOM IS EFFECTIVELY A CELL-KILLER.

I HAVE BEEN STUNG MANY TIMES.

WHEN I AM STUNG, I ACTUALLY DEVELOP, LIKE,

A LARGE RASH OR A BRUISE.

Narrator: PHIL'S WHIPPING UP A SMALL-SCALE ANT DISASTER.

HE PUTS THE FIRE ANTS INTO EMERGENCY MODE.

JUST BY MOVING MY HAND,

I'M BASICALLY MAKING THEM THINK, YOU KNOW,

"THERE'S SOMETHING GOING ON.

WE HAVE TO BAND TOGETHER AND PREP FOR SOMETHING."

Narrator: INSTEAD OF IT BEING EVERY ANT FOR ITSELF,

THEY DO SOMETHING UNIQUE IN THE ANT WORLD.

THEY LINK TOGETHER, CREATING A STRANGE LIVING BALL,

AND WHEN PHIL PUTS IT IN THE SIMULATED FLOOD,

SOMETHING AMAZING HAPPENS.

Shadegg: SO THEY'RE NOW IN THE WATER,

AND ANTS ARE FLOATING.

Narrator: THE PROTECTIVE FIRE-ANT BALL BECOMES A RAFT.

DURING FLOODS IN AREAS WHERE FIRE ANTS ARE FOUND,

YOU'LL SEE THIS --

RAFT AFTER RAFT OF FLOATING COLONIES

MADE UP OF HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF FIRE ANTS.

BUT HOW DO THEY TRANSFORM THEMSELVES

INTO FLOTATION DEVICES?

Shadegg: EACH ANT HAS GRABBED ONTO THE LEG OF ANOTHER ANT NEARBY,

AND THEY'RE ALL INTERCONNECTED

IN ORDER TO MAKE THIS STRUCTURE THAT NOW FLOATS.

Narrator: AND IT DOESN'T JUST FLOAT.

IT'S VIRTUALLY UNSINKABLE.

Shadegg: YOU'LL SEE THAT THEY'LL JUST SORT OF SINK DOWN IN THE WATER,

AND THEN THEY'LL POP RIGHT BACK UP

ONCE YOU STOP PUTTING PRESSURE ON THEM.

Narrator: IT'S LIKE A TEEMING LIFE RAFT

BUOYED BY AIR TRAPPED INSIDE IT.

BUT WHAT ABOUT THE ANTS BELOW THE WATERLINE?

SURELY, THEY CAN'T SURVIVE LONG UNDERWATER.

WELL, ACTUALLY, THEY CAN.

INSTEAD OF LUNGS, ANTS ABSORB OXYGEN

THROUGH A SERIES OF HOLES ON THEIR BODIES

CALLED SPIRACLES.

THESE HOLES CAN CLOSE WHEN SUBMERGED,

STOPPING WATER FROM GETTING IN.

IT'S BELIEVED THEY CAN SURVIVE LIKE THIS,

EFFECTIVELY HOLDING THEIR BREATH, FOR 24 HOURS.

AND THAT SHOULD BE LONG ENOUGH FOR THE ANTS ON TOP

TO FIND DRY LAND OR SOME FLOATING LOG.

Shadegg: SOME ANTS WILL SEE AN OBJECT,

AND THEY'LL START SWIMMING TOWARDS IT,

AND THEN OTHER ANTS THAT ARE NEARBY SEE A BUNCH OF ANTS

STARTING TO, YOU KNOW -- ALL SWIMMING IN ONE DIRECTION,

AND SO THEY ALL WANT TO SWIM IN THAT SAME DIRECTION.

Narrator: AS SOON AS THE ANTS MAKE IT

TO FLOATING DEBRIS OR DRY LAND,

THE COLONY IS SAFE,

AND THE FLOOD HAS BEEN FOILED.

[ INSECTS BUZZING ]

COMING UP -- WHY ARE GIRAFFES' TONGUES BLACK?

Narrator: ACROSS THE NATURAL WORLD,

TONGUES COME IN MANY SHAPES AND SIZES...

[ TIGER GROWLS ]

...ALTHOUGH MAMMAL TONGUES APPEAR

TO HAVE ONE THING IN COMMON -- THEY'RE PINK.

BUT THERE'S ONE ANIMAL THAT SEEMS TO BREAK THE RULES.

LOOK AT THAT LICKER.

WHEN IT COMES TO ANATOMY,

GIRAFFE CLEARLY BELIEVE IN MAKING IT BIG...

...AND NOT ONLY ON THE OUTSIDE.

A GIRAFFE'S TONGUE IS A LOLLOPING 20 INCHES LONG,

AND IT'S SO AMAZINGLY DEXTEROUS, IT WORKS LIKE A HAND,

WHICH IS, WELL, HANDY WHEN IT NEEDS TO PLUCK LEAVES

FROM THE VERY TOP OF AN ACACIA TREE.

THEIR TONGUES ARE ALSO EXTRA STICKY.

THICK, ANTISEPTIC SALIVA

PREVENTS STABS FROM ACACIA THORNS

FROM BECOMING INFECTED,

BUT NONE OF THAT EXPLAINS WHY THEY ARE BLACK.

IN ALL MAMMALS, THE TONGUE IS THE MOST FLEXIBLE MUSCLE

IN THE BODY, AND LIKE OTHER MUSCLES,

THE BLOOD VESSELS THAT RUN THROUGH THE TONGUE

USUALLY PROVIDE THEIR REDDY-PINK COLOR.

SO YOU MIGHT BE FORGIVEN FOR THINKING GIRAFFES

MUST HAVE BLACK INK FOR BLOOD,

BUT THIS CURIOUS COLOR HELPS KEEP THE GIRAFFE'S TONGUE

FROM GETTING FRIED.

A GIRAFFE NEEDS 75 POUNDS OF LEAVES A DAY

TO KEEP ITS GIANT FRAME WELL-FED,

MEANING ITS TONGUE IS OUT GRAZING

UNDER THE HOT AFRICAN SUN 20 HOURS A DAY.

THAT'S WHY A GIRAFFE'S HARDWORKING TONGUE

IS LOADED WITH DARK-COLORED MELANIN.

IT PROTECTS THE TONGUE FROM SUNBURN.

THIS BIOLOGICAL PIGMENT IS THE SAME STUFF

THAT MAKES HUMAN SKIN DARKER AFTER EXPOSURE TO SUNLIGHT.

THE MELANIN ABSORBS UV LIGHT AND PROTECTS THE DNA.

FOR THE GIRAFFE, IT'S LIKE TONGUE SUNSCREEN,

AND THAT'S HOW THE GIRAFFE'S POTENTIAL TONGUE BURN IS LICKED.