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After centuries of upheaval and evolution

fris capital was at last secure in its reputation

as the most magnificent city in the world

in the eighteen nineties you could think that paris was just perfect

As it was complete with nice boulevar beautiful monuments

So the challenge for the next generation was what to do next

Parisians went on underground

they turn the city of light

into a city of the night

Full of exotic tastes

Hidden worlds

And forbidden pleasures

I love fake eyelashes

Home to the bohemian

the refugee

And the resistance fighter

If paris was old

These people fought to keep it young at heart

This is the story of that struggle

welcome to my city

The dawn of the twentieth century was fast approaching

And paris still didn't have a methor system

London and new york had had theirs for decades

The problem was parisians couldn't decide what form of the medals should take

Overland or underground

The overground camp believed the underground system was fine for london

But parisians , being parisians in love with light and beauty

Would refuse to go on the ground

in places you can get an idea of what paris might have become

It's not hard to see where the concerts wear

The overland system would ruin the look of paris

and cover its streets in darkness

Eventually the underground is won

The rush to complete the first line

Just in time to welcome in the new century

It's true , the london on the ground was up and running a long time before the barry smith home

But we like to think it was worth the wait

The paris smith who is cheaper , more efficient

And the trains have rubber wheels

So you are not defined by scratching metal each time the train arrives

in the end �?parisons took to the underground pretty well

So it's not so much the way pressed with a respunow

I was told also that i shouldn't press on this big red button because otherwise we stopped

Oh my god

Ha ha ha ha ha

it's quishy . we wanted a peace to around underdo

�?sixty do

Paris was proud of its metal

And to show the world how modern it was

they had the entrances designed in the latest style

this was the new look of the city in demand baolu could afford it

They call these movement arnouvu simply new art

And it's defined by these organic flowing shapes

Among the shapely curves appear female figures

Assumably paris herself showing her face

And sometimes a little more

Our nevu is not about big statement

Like the eiffel tower , the decoration

Everything is in the detail

Even this guchair serve its pipe

Sending the soil water down to the south is beautiful

our nevi came all the rage

Affecting every aspect of daily life

so you could chop on a vogue

It's on the w

but my favorite example of anuvu lies under the ground

These public lavatories were built over one hundred years ago

back in an age when nothing was allowed to be purely functional

Before they should come

Sn is so you have to come

They are the cleanest and the most beautiful toilets in paris

Paris was in the group of a new fat

Turning their backs on the light and colour of the city streets

Parisians filed in into darkened rooms to see those same streets in flickery black and white

This was courtesy of the lumiere brothers

Who debuted the cinema tograph in eighteen ninety five

The invention of cinema was to change the world apart from the films themselves

There is nothing left in paris to at least this great adventure

Except curiously this church

Nato dam the consulaiis no ordinary church

it is a temple of grief

Till the turn of the century

This was the site of a charity bazaar for destitute women

In eighteen ninety seven they held a fundraiser with a lumier's new invention as the main attraction

But a fire broke out around the projector

And the wooden hall went up in flames

In the wreckage the bodies of one hundred and forty people

Mostly women and children , were found

This church was built to commemorate the lives of those who died in the in the fire

it's a rather moving space here

the church is filled with statues of griving women

launching over them the safeated young prince of death

inventiveness whiskey to the age

A bd act of bravado u up in mona

Would soon transform the streets of paris

without a single stone being turned

In nineteen ninety eight

A young man betty's friends

It could make a motor car that would drive up the steep bit of more mouth to us

Quite an achievement in those days

And on christmas eve his friends watchas he and his what you had

the little car began cricking up the steep slope

it would be faster on food

but the red at wasn't about the stem

hey hey

what's the dubly poly boo

The vet you resurvived the trip and pulled in as jono

U had promised at the semit of monoma

thank you very much

y

Rhino's adventure began

One of frost's largest industries

Today paris is clogged up with calls

And more than a fair share or runo

even the police drive them

Paris's love for underground worlds and innovation

Was about to take a new direction

At the heart of mama

A subculture was bursting into life

Boy mianism a whale of life for the new generation of artists and libertines

In search of cheap print , inspiration and sexual adventure

It's a grey moilight coin is at ball

Those on their soul

Pretty soon the world recognized the mulla hoge

As the centerpiece of the exotic kingdom of bohemia

The red willing meal is the most famous nine club in the world

But no self respecting parison would be seen bed inside

because he has become a fake a tree strap

Once described as the tavern of hell

This vast pleasure doom was the very symbol of bohemia

Sexy , sedictive and brush

It even had its own resident boemian artist to lose loreg

Whose posters and paintings helped immortalize the mulla huge in popular culture

Today i can see much evidence of the place that inspired him

Nobody seems to even be from paris

Including the dences

All the was auditioned in london

Okay

And then obviously got the job and came to paris

Okay , straight away

So why did you choose more mulan hoo

then maybe i don't know another type of band

Or i didn't stage so much history

Okay

Also you can be involved in the in the french cang can

Which is an amazing thing to be involved in

I love fake eyelashes

I want you to know

Do you put them one by one of the very requ

Yeah , but because i was like this

And i have come back for tips then

to get a feel of the authentic bohemia

you have to head up monmouth hill to olaparaggie

The haunt of pimps , anarchists and the avonggle

This was where the real boemians hung out

Including a young painter called pablo piccastle

He once painted himself drinking at the bar

Now worth millions back then

the original paid for a few stive drinks

While we hear may as well introduce you

To the boimian drink by excellence lapsounds or the green ferry

To some people it was just like the crack cocaine of the nineteenth century

I can show you a little demonstration

I take a sugar you pour it of outside

What made absent notorious was what the bohemians put in it

opium

i prefer mine without it's very nice

Another regular at ola paraggio was the composer erik sei

Who made the living tinkling the ivory ies of mama's cabies

His brain stirred with simple haunting melodies

That captured the other side of boemia

The melancholy that comes once the crowds have gone

And each must face his own thoughts and feels

Boymianism was not just about having a good time behind

It was a real passion for art

New art ripping up the old and starting over

And the greatest iconoclass of them all

Was the young spaniard from ula pasha paablui casa

i'm meeting his grandson olivi

Hi , how are you

Hello , you

Okay

I'm fine of you

Yeah

So tell me

How did your grandfather come to paris become nice

All is spanish young artist were thinking that everything was happening in paris

So everyone was dreaming about coming to paris

Which was a long way

It took him about two days

The two days jony to come to paris

Uh , its first video was in nineteen oh , oh

I mean the real beginning of the past century

Stone broke and starving

Picasso could never have dreamt that one of the city's grounders buildings

Would one day become a museum devoted to his work

This is my grandmother , maria rez

You can say hello

Hello before we go into the music

But ma

Oh well , this is the very beginning

then the blue and pink period

Pico found his inspiration in the hidden on the belly of paris

He was the ultimate on the ground painter

This painting is typically the vision of public picasso of it's time

Poor people living in a big city

She is very slim

Not because she wasn't diet

It's only because she had nothing to eat

And , and her gaze looks rather empty

Pico soon evolved ion revolutionary style

But it wasn't always flattering for his citrus

So how did these wives feel about the way was portraying them

I think they had to trust him

If , what if they wanted to insist about being represent

It is the way they wanted

They were not piccastle on the canvas

But the one who trusted him

Like phanon delivier or my grandmother maria rez

Today you see the portrait in every museum in the world

So , um , they are , in fact , they are immortal

Everything in picasso is sincere

Including the love for the woman

Exactly

Yeah

What i like about that actually definitely

By the beginning of the nineteen twenty s , the mooin paris had changed

In the wake of the first world war

There was little to celebrate

even the city itself was looking a bit downb

You know the problem in paris just after the first world war

Is that many buildings were just walled

And not really equipped for more than life

And there were more and more people coming to paris

Coming from abroad and from the province

So space was really innissue

And some places in paris we are just telling into slums

The english writer georgio well

In his book down and out in paris and london

Describes traits like ravines of tall lippers houses lurching towards one another

Frozen in the act of collapse

everywhere a sour riek buildings bug ridden to be a colossus ri

In the window of this best control shop

You can see these rats that quite huge

They were caught in the nineteen twenty s

In nineteen twenty one there was a brief outbreak of the bibonic plague in paris

So real , uh , threw back to the middle ages

But as all paris crumbled

A new city began to emerge

During the nineteen twenty s alone

The number of foreigners in the city

doubled people from all corners of the earth

during the twentieth century �?paris became increasingly an international city

nothing that made the magnet for influences and new ideas

the presence of immigrants in paris was to challenge the traditional look of the city

This is a ground musk of paris

I wanted to show you this place because i just love it

You don't feel in paris here

You think you could be in the alehaa gardens in spain

And i like it so much because it's peaceful here . i love the architecture

It's very elegant , stylish

But this peaceful place

Right in the heart of the left bank

Tells a sad story

the grand mosque was built in nineteen twenty six

To honor the tens of thousands of french muslims

Who died fighting in the first world war

It wasn't just paris's architecture that took a new direction

People think of paris as the home of french cuisine

But today it serves up the food of many other countries

to

Musa , africa is a restaurant run by award winning chef alexandrobeaola from the cameras

我说 ALEXAN

啊，�?SHHH

把人给推�?present proto

It wasn't just the promise of work that drew people to paris

But its reputation as a place of tolerance and freedom

from britain and america came struggling writers and artists

an enerry miller where i bought to write and publish

See me shocking books that would raise eyebrows or even face censorship back home

My favorite expeartist was not a writer

She was a dancer and singer

Josephine becker was an american

But the color of her skin meant she could never be a leading lady back home

When she came to paris in nineteen twenty five

Her wild dancing entranced her newly adopted city

She became the bell of paris

Her death fifty years later

Brought the city to a ten tale

today , there is even a public square named after her

Matter

she can still draw a crowd through american impersonator nicole rochelle

Hi nicole

Hello

You just great like that

Hi her real just in becker

Thank you

So why do you think josephine becker came to paris

Well , i i think it was definitely a necessity

Because just black people couldn't even , you know

Sit with white people and drink at the bar

You know , after they did their show in the jazz

Whereas here at josephine came and she was fresh

She had her top off

And nobody was saying oh my god

She's got pressed , you know

But in the united states sometimes it's like this

So i i felt always free with my body

And and comfortable being naked and and intense

She's also such a genius naturally in dance

Would you like to show us

I might find i might like you for me

I just , i know she's show is goes

Yeah , really high . and she whips are legend there

And so yeah , with the legend come , yes

Try this

You just go go high

And then put up and lift

Yes

Scooping in

Let me see cooper that way

Yeah

You can , you can go out to

And then you gotta go really quickly punch to the skies

And maybe , you know , twisted like twisting

Yeah

Just this is she's all about twisting , twisting

Josephine in his twist is to the side

And twist and twist back to his back

So i'm always like twist

Twist , twist and me

So is it more shimmy or shallow stone

You think shimmy

Um

It's like both altogether shimmy

Justin twist , you know

So if you try them all together

That's kind of like this is a vie

Almost everything she did everything altogether clown sexy hi lo

Share my trustin it's the shi love her

She's the parian people who were in love with her

Definitely

Yeah . and still love

Paris se's golden age

as the cultural melting part of the world was brought to an aborate and

In june nineteen forty

Shortly after the outbreak of the second world war

Nazi troops marched into paris

The shock of invasion was profound

Not only to parisians and french people

but also to the whole world

Paris , who was the city of light , civilization and freedom

Suddenly it was an occupied city

After a few weeks

Hitler himself visited and was photographed like a tourist in front of the eiffel tower

He casually remarked that he had thought about destroying the city

But couldn't be bothered

Instead , after twenty years of paris being a refuge to the people of the world

Hitler brought xenophobia and hatred back to the city

Here in the mar it's quite famous nowadays

For all the nice brites and all the posh restaurants

But back then it was the jewish working class area

Also called the platzl

So here it's three day jose

You can see all the falerful shops

And it's still nowadays the very heart of the jewish community

Jewish people had been living in paris for over fifteen hundred years

On the fourteenth of may nineteen forty one

On the orders from the nazis

The city's police began to round them up

russia jdnc was eight at the time

the police year

我们这没 RICAN 上头的还上不了吗

会不会意

Lit

Sated and cinema is a fic

Tirequire on there on the policiation

Along with thousands of others

Rachel's mother was taken to a housing estate in the suburb of dhassi

Which was used as a holding camp before deportation

My mama is resty but not his rua rosea on feat

new sumeli have worked on on

打得

Swason says mills refronta the potato france don't always see me

Uh cat some and songs on fun ui

Pretty usimion fun movirulent eria the shaky cold on pressco to parry news

everyone met no reno reprenellarge

the long phone loves skilla tea their lamo

while the city authorities collaborated �?others resisted

That gion he got it don't compress

Father that i don't let go

The paris skatec cbs had often provided a home to underground movements

and during the war they did so once more

This was the command center of the paris resistance

Over fifteen thousand parisian men and women

Risk their lives to offer through the nazis

From distributing propaganda and helping juice to escape

To assassinating nazi offices and fighting in the streets

So real labyrinth here

Just long corridors

Small rooms

But it's rather suffocating because there is very little air

So they must have been living in very poor conditions

Actually

You might expect

Fendals have since covered the walls with graffiti

But you can still see some of the bunker's original signs

Well just seeing them living here and planning their their operations

You can really i understand a bit better now

why a resistance were called the the army of shadows

Aaliforces , including the paris resistance

Liberated paris in nineteen forty four

And now a new generation of bohemians

Emerged to hung the thin

Winding streets surrounding the university

They came out at night and gathered in on underground clubs

The press called them sillar rats and trigladites

And yet even they had a strange sort of glamour

There are few places in the world

which have the mythical status of the left bank

Lai gush you think of students radical intellectual jazz anidonism

and on the whole the red bang deliver

Right , so this is the only place in the world

Where you can find a mushine

Which doesn't sell tobacco , cigarettes or candies

But books just in case you have a need for enlightenment

At three o'clock in the morning

And i've got a special need to refresh my english

So i'm going to choose number twenty four

The dictionary french english english french

oh i love it

strong

hi feel much better

The heroes of the left bank were philosophers like jumpo sark and simon de bouva

Known as the existence statists

They worked and socialized in the cafes and bars

becoming almost permanent fixtures

Existon cealism proposed that man is alloon on the earth

And he has to create

Is one meaning in life

That god doesn't exist

I cannot deny itself

But that my whole being cries out for god

i cannot forget

Even today , talking philosophy is a sign of cool

and can be a bit of a common js 可去

也一模一样，也是七八

如果这样的帮人梦主席觉醒

I too leave the left bang dream

As a student back in the nineteen nineties

I can't resist taking a trip down memory lane to remofa

Where i had my digs

Imagine i was this little provincial girl

Just living family comfort to live on my own in a big city

It was like a rebirth

Actually

Knife flat was just here would tell you kisson

A lovely little room of nine meter square

Without much water , without shower , without toilets

And i used to have actually , uh

My shower at public bath with veggos

So it was all very charming

enboyman

when i was a student it wasn't only the bars are fell in love with both also cinemas

And on a day like this

let me tell you it's nice to go to a tiny independent cinema

And just watch all the movies you've ever wanted to watch

Paris is mad about film

And in the age of the multiplex

We fight hard to preserve our small cinema

Saa saa i could they seem not what prefer

See as a cinemahik it products on ea fair season

I want to there are two total mei on keras exercises

Is this is the tolar shape of capolitical

I sama ya memer

And you doing you need to do something to some

don't don't you don't fs see see long long time

I think actually i beer don't get this picture there

Uh , don't get it host the case here and products

So east is the vermonster ton

The cinema on the wrong

Then what the hymskate the next plus the sand explois good

It was here that i first fell in love with the films of the nouvelle vague

The parisian underground field movement of the late fifties and sixties

Directors like haswat rifu and johne good

Determined to wrestle cinema culture back from hollywood

Mixing militant politics with sex appeal and style

Their films presented an enchanting image of paris that made the real place

Or the more exciting for me

我妈�?

i can't resist taking advantage of having a film crew at hand to show you how it's done

To make a novel bag film

First of all you need one of these arro eight

It's more than a call . it's a film machine

all right boys

Novelle fag films were made in black and white on a shoe string

The runo eight , since it had the engine in the back

Offered a cheap way of filming

People driving are also the best

Nouvelle bag films blend hollywood glamour with left bang intellectualism

They take the gangsters and the fan fatl

And they put them into an existence

Shelly setting to explore theme like loneliness and human alienation

They kon whether a soccer or a fun lover

The novelle vagg hero is at heart always alone

The velvet techniques broke with traditional filmmaking

Most popular was old jump cuts

Chopping out sections from a continuous shot

Deering any sense of continuity of time

The audience should never be allowed to forget it's watching an artificial construct a film

So sounds can make it out

Slogan flash up on screen

And the very mechanics of filmmaking revealed

But the real star of the nouvelle vague was paris herself

Never was paris saw adored

Entire scenes consist of nothing

But the passing area of the city

the novelle vague also did love and romance

but it was never simple

�?then

to mama

too mama

The nobel vg really fined paris in cool

But the coolest of them all was a singer sage jazbo

wish time

Right up until his death in the early nineteen nineties

it was the city's best loved bohemian

Coming up i again in the sixties

He summed up the entire cultural revolution in one legendary song

Sung with his news and lover jane birkin

水月在手的样

When i first turned up in paris

I went to sage's parents apartment in avenue visual

Where he put on should take on a blue done by himself in britado

Whereupon i felt distinctly swey round the collar

And it was extremely attractive

He said , would you like to sing that song begin

So off we went to marble arch enormous studio

You only had one take in those days

I think we did it too

So he was so frightened

I get the breathing thing wrong that i stop a tiny bit early if you listen to it

Because then it goes very high that you van too vage you were

We sung it , we came back to paris

We were in the hotel de bouzard just next door

So downstairs was the restaurant

And he put on the floppy record and people were eating

And then suddenly we put it on the the

And when i started seeing the beginning

You noticed all the knives and forks went up in complete silence and people stopped eating

And then you heard people sort of go like that

And so i said , i think you've got a hit

You see chip's gone antuber a tuber

It was the vatican bandit , the bbc bandit

I played it to my mother and very craftily

Every time the heavy breathing came

I took the needle off and put it a bit further down

So she only heard the singing and they thought it was rather sweet

even though paris could still shock and wow the world

it was in danger of appearing a little acy

These by two world wars

Paris emerged almost unscathed

Miraculously

perhaps

Well , the temptation to leave it as it is like a museum piece was great

but fortunately the city was determined not to be left behind

The task of updating paris fell to the students

For many of them , the city felt burdened with without modied institutions and regulations

its ancient buildings plain old fashion

The soborn

The history court of the university

Had been a hotbed for new ideas

Since its foundation in the thirteenth century

For the youth in the sixties

Chosin a very easy situation

The old war eroshell

The goal was still in power and couldn't engage very much with the youth

So you had lots of , uh , discontentment

I would say , um

People wanted just to break free

It all began when the sobon tried to expel some radical students

A peaceful protest was made by police brutality

The city rose up

Not just students , but ordinary citizens do

The cry was freedom

Freedom to be and say what they wanted without censorship

But to the outside world

Watching the riots and the distriction of the streets

It looked as if the rioters held paris herself to blame

Methoxty eight was as much a cultural as a political erprising the west

Slogans graffitied on the walls here and on the streets outside

Saying , poor imagination

All power to imagination

or have a year , the tulip a museum

Masixty eight stop short of full scale revolution

Largely due to the diplomacy of george bompeidu

When he was elected president the following year

he tried to bring the city into the modern age not born crazy

Pompedo u wanted to make paris a high tech city

And gave his support too many schemes

Some things like the siphoning of traffic along the sin are hard to love

Others like lady fes

A business area on the age of the city

have recently come to their road

The jewel in pompdu crown was the pompeu center

a palace of modern art

Hated by many at the time

it's now accepted as one of the city's great attractions

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Whatever the success of compedo's individual project is that attitude was right

Because it created the precedent for modernization

which allowed paris to continue evolving

Pumpy do u set a fashion that many of france's presidents flu

Paris is now doted ed with gp hoji architeh rule prestige projects

Some parisian love them , some hate them

But the core perjare important because they are part of paris as a modern city

Not content to simply arrest on its laurels

who was this your illae as we say in french

But for all of pompedals forward thinking

It was enabled to face up to paris his greatest challenge

The vu

Over the course of the twentieth century

The population of paris is suburbs sold from one to ten million

Paris is becoming a tale of two cities

Rich people occupying the centre

Poor people and immigrants forced into the volume

This is not the paris people dream of before three quarters of parisians

It is reality

filmmaker alice diope has lived in the vo all her life

那是不是就叫做朋�?

Said when you did this on the one complete moi new complete more

I think you know of vanization get to absoler

party on said don't say the gateso cubm

After decades of growing tension

In november two thousand and five

there was violent rioting throughout the bonus

President chiraq declare the state of emergency

It was like mass sixty eight all over again

But the motivation was different

These parisians were angry at being treated as second class citizens

对了 V 对了对老婆啊，反正是过来和

today visitors could be forgiven for thinking that only rich people live in the centre of paris

It's a world of fine apartments and fancy boutiques

Indulgence and exquisite pleasure

Do kyo internet for noaa

Stand for you the looks and do some minis on the looks

Yes , we will

We should for sure

Even bi mianism , once an exciting artistic movement

seems to have become no more than a fashionable affectation

Around kanal samartinist paris

You find the bubbles

A bubble is a bourgeoo and someone who can afford to live in the center

But who has the booemian values and the romantic lifestyle

We call it a ru br elastondubr

In other words , having your cake and eating it

So how can you recognize a bubble in the streets

So usually it's by the appearance

Campus shoes designer clothes

so shaphoon definitely bubble restaurant bubble

That's not bobo at all

But it could become bubble

because bubble o likes kitch

哈哈�?OK

Actually there are lots of one abees bobo

Because not many people have the cash to be bobo

Am i a bobo ? well maybe not

depends if i had a good mus or not

Real boymianism which endured so long

Even surviving the ravages of the second world war

has met its greatest match in skyhigh property prices

What has made paris dynamic throughout the twentieth century

Until now ? it's what lies on underneath

It's article formium the underground

And we need to keep this spirit alive

Parisians in their rebellious inimitable way

are already rising to the challenge

To know you can see it in the many artist squats

All warehouses illegally occupied by those who want to share in the city's artistic heritage

But cannot afford to your space

This place is , uh , perfect for me

What about london and berlin for example

but we are suma

You see this spirit outside too

If you're out on a friday night in paris is streets

you might be treated to a special s

Thousands of ruler bladers bring the city to a halt

Reminding us that paris isn't just to be looked at and admired

but experienced and enjoyed

This spirit will always be there

Because it is part of paris is dna

part of what next paris paris

over its long history

it has defined itself as a city of innovation

a breeding ground of ideas

and a hotbed of revolution

but most of all �?a lighthouse city attracting the people of the world

To keep it ever changing

Ever growing

ever young

Paris is as alluring today as ever

Not just because it has survived so well

But also because it has evolved

And parisian people continue to keep her alive and exciting

who could ask for more