All language subtitles for Sacred.Alaska.2023.1080p.iT.WEB-DL.AAC2.0.H.264-OPEC

[waves crashing]

[man chanting in Indigenous language]

[suspenseful music playing]

[dramatic music playing]

[chanting ends]

[pensive music playing]

[birds chirping]

[dog barking in distance]

There's our first fish.

[pensive music playing]

Yup'ik culture is living life with nature,

with God and God's blessing and bounty.

[Morris] God is everywhere.

God is everywhere,
the God of the universe.

Ellam Yua, God of the universe,
he's everywhere.

And he holds all of life.

The fish that we eat,
it's clean, it's healthy.

The berries that we're gonna pick,

the rain is coming down
so that we can have berries

that we don't have to go and buy.

We can just pick berries in the tundra.

And in the tundra, it's therapeutic.

The church is out there.

[Fisher] And when we're out in the
wilderness, all we see is truth around us.

All we see is truth around us,

truth life, and gift of life,
and the blessing around us.

Sometimes it can be harsh.
The truth can be harsh.

And it's healing.

Just be out in the wilderness. Go
out... Out to be with God, you know?

You don't have to say anything.

[Morris] If I'm gonna go hunting
out into the wilderness,

I need to know how to be quiet.

[pensive music playing]

I need to know how to observe
and to listen.

If I didn't know
how to be quiet in the wilderness,

the animals would not come
and give themselves to me, to the hunter.

I am living in the footsteps of those
who walked the path before us.

Everything that we have,
we cannot say it's our own.

Even in our own, the wisdom
that we have, it's not our own.

- It was given to us by our
elders because they shared verbally

And taught verbally of how we should live,
sharing with one another.

Love being the Yup'ik word, kenka,

kenka, being the major teaching
in everything.

[Indigenous hymn playing]

[Fisher] When we receive fish,

the berries, they help
share that gift of life,

that gift from Christ, that gift of life.

It helps us to understand also the...
How more fully that Eucharist is,

the communion is, the meaning of that,
to be connected,

to receive the body and blood of Christ,
who is a source of life.

That's life in orthodoxy in the village.

[Indigenous hymn continues]

[emotional music playing]

So what are a bunch
of Russian Orthodox monks doing in Alaska?

You know, what's that all about?
Well, Alaska is halfway across the world.

But Alaska is also a place where
the Russian Empire has hunters, traders,

there's a whole
Russian-American company there.

And so a number of monks
from Valaam Monastery

and the Konevets Monastery

were asked by the church
to go over as missionaries

to take care of the spiritual needs

of these Russian-American
company employees,

but also to bring the gospel
to the natives over there.

Anyway, so they travel,
and they leave in December of 1793,

and it took them nine months to cross
from Western Russia, St. Petersburg,

all across Russia, Siberia, Kamchatka,
to the Pacific Ocean,

boarding a ship,
heading over across the Bering Sea,

- which is a really rough area.
- Which is a really rough area.

Um, it was very dangerous.
And they ended up on the island of Kodiak.

[Oleksa]
When the missionaries came to Kodiak,

they encountered Baranov
exploiting native labor,

forcing men, even at gunpoint,
to go out and hunt for him.

And Alexander Baranov
is not pleased with their arrival

because he knows the jig is up.

The way they've been treating
the Kodiak Alutiiq people

is no longer going to be a state secret.

And in fact, within six months,
the monks are writing letters

back to the authorities in Siberia,

complaining about the criminal activities
of the Russian-American company.

Forcing people to hunt
for fur at gunpoint.

"You're gonna starve this winter.
Your children will be crying from hunger

if you don't get out there
and deliver the goods."

That was the policy for the years
before the monks arrived,

and the monks became whistleblowers.

- The Vala monks took six or seven
months of just listening to stories

Before they began preaching at all.

They were really heroic in the sense

that they identified with
the Alaskan Native peoples,

they baptized thousands of converts,

and the people willingly
came to the monks

because the monks
were on their side,

as opposed to the oppressive, abusive,

and even criminal activities
of Alexander Baranov,

Ivan Kuzkov and Nikolai Rezanov.

And it's taken now two centuries
to uncover what really happened,

and to expose the misdeeds
of the Russian-American company officials,

uh, which the Church has known because
St. Herman canonized 50 years ago,

was already exalted as an intercessor
and defender of the oppressed.

And the people realized that he's the one
who kind of risked his own life

for their... For their security,
for their safety.

The other monks had done the same,
but they had perished pretty much

In the calamities that
occurred over the years.

Ultimately, the only monk that was
left out of the 10 was Father Herman.

And he was not safe.

They tried to kill him
three times in Kodiak.

So he moved to a nearby island,
Spruce Island, Yelovoi.

[pensive music playing]

[Andrew] The exact date that
St. Herman moved to Spruce Island

is actually unknown.

He moved here in his first winter,
he spent alone.

He built a barabara,
which is kind of a half-earthen dwelling.

And he spent his first year in seclusion.

The first challenge
that any of us face

living in a remote place like this,

- it's, you know, you have your
physical hardships of survival,

But more important and more difficult

are the internal challenges

that a person faces
living in a remote location.

St. Herman had already been fully trained.

He was practicing noetic prayer.

It is a prayer of the heart,
continually repeating the prayer of Jesus.

He was experienced.

He was not young.

And so he already had that stability

when he came out here
so he could focus his thoughts.

He had a focused mind
and a focused heart.

He was here to practice prayer,
to come closer to God.

And then the unexpected event,

when people began
to give him their orphans,

and evidently, he discerned
that this was God's providence.

And so he accepted that.

People remember St. Herman as someone
who was lively and had a sense of joy.

[Hochmuth] But my mom remembered him.

They referred to him
as small grandpa. Yeah.

[both speaking in Indigenous language]

He made cookies for the children.

Those are the stories
that I heard growing up.

[Oleksa] They called him Grandpa

because, of course,
the last 20, 30 years of his life,

he had a long white beard, [chuckles]
and they didn't have that many elders.

But calling him Grandpa, Apa,
was a sign of affection,

but also of reverence,
because elders are the respected,

they're the encyclopedia
you go to for information.

It's only the elders
who have lived long enough

in the traditional tribal culture
to have become a real person.

The ancient name for the Alutiiq,
Sugpiaq, means real people.

The Yupiq, the ending "piq"
or "piaq," means "real."

The Inupiaq of the North Arctic Ocean,
the shore, the real people.

But you don't...
You're born as a potential real person,

but it takes a lifetime
to actually become one.

-It takes a while to become that kind,
-[pensive music playing]

that patient, that hospitable,
that humble.

I just know he had love
in his heart for all of us.

Yeah, he's remembered by a lot of us.

I keep him in my bedroom.
[chuckles]

So I always say good night to him.

[Andrew] Father Herman
writes a beautiful letter

back to his abbot Nazarius,

and he goes on to kind of give
a rather poetic description

of wild Alaska

and that at the same time
of being so far in this distant land,

that he's keeping fondly
in his memory and heart

the brothers back at Valaam Monastery.

And then he names
Monk's Lagoon, New Valaam.

And the landscape,
if you look at pictures of either place,

it does look very similar.

So he hasn't been lost
in the sense of isolation.

I think he loved the beauty of the spot.

And today, we marvel at Monk's Lagoon,

and of course, there's something more
than just the trees,

the moss, the forest,
the waves, the birds, and the fox.

There's a special kind of grace there,

but I think he was seeing that place
as a place of beauty

and finding inspiration in that.

[Oleksa] His prayerful presence
on that island sanctified the island.

There's this sense,
this palpable sense of sanctity

- that one man saying his prayers
in the wilderness has given us, really,

As a spiritual inheritance.

[Hochmuth]
I always feel so good when I go there.

It's so beautiful.
You could just feel the peace.

Mm-hm.

- [Carlson] It's holy. The place is holy.
- [Hochmuth] Mm-hm.

[Carlson] All his prayers, you know,
you feel them.

After all this time he's been gone

and you still are able to experience
and witness his prayers.

[Oleksa] After his death, they built
a chapel over Father Herman's grave.

It had become a pilgrimage site.

People went there to pray,
to ask for his intercessions.

"Father Herman pray to God for us,
my child is sick."

[Andrew]
He just shone and by his personal life,

not necessarily even going anywhere,

- living in Kodiak and then
coming out here in Spruce Island,

But living the gospel in a way
that changed other people's life,

and that they could see the life of Christ
reflected through him.

- That's the legacy that we have today.
- [pensive music playing]

It's this internal gift
that St. Herman gives us.

[Hochmuth] I'm so proud of him.

He came and bring orthodoxy to Alaska.

Because of his love and speaking
and trying to protect us,

and all the persecution he went through,

you know, and then his sacrifice,
his journey, just crossing all of Russia,

and here this little guy just...
[speaking Indigenous language] you know.

[both laughing]

[Oleksa] He remains alive
among his people

as a living presence
whose intercessions continues to heal

and comfort them in time of joy
and in time of sorrow.

[Hochmuth]
"From this day forth, from this hour,

from this minute, let us learn
to love God above all else."

St. Herman of Alaska.

[dramatic music playing]

The most moving aspect of his life to me,
we are familiar with his miracles.

We've known people whose lives
have been changed in a miraculous way.

But when we think of St. Herman,

we think of someone
who is warm-hearted, simple, and loving.

[pensive music playing]

[Andrew] Of course, it's kind of a cliché,

But they call Alaska
the last frontier, right?

It's a frontier where... That's always open

because there's like basically
an immeasurable amount of land.

There's this, like, elemental power.

On one hand, the image of chaos,

but then on the other hand,
it's an image of power and God's power.

And I've had many experiences
being out in the ocean,

and you just get the sense
that you're in God's hand,

in that mighty expanse.

You're in something much greater than you.

And I think that part of life
where we're no longer controlling

and calculating every facet
is very attractive,

especially in the world we live in.

A freedom to be not in control.

We have one impulse, I think,
to always be in control.

And in some ways, that's needed

to control circumstances
and the environment.

But I think it's part
of that great mystery of life

we can experience
in Alaska to be not in control.

And that's similar to, I think,
to the experience of God.

It's something unexpected.

When grace comes, it's often not
when we've done all the things

that we think we should have done
to receive grace.

It's at a time when we didn't expect it.

So I think also, again,
going into Wild Alaska,

- something that's bigger than us, um,
- something that's bigger than us, um,

Touches on that when we're in something
that's of a greater power than ourselves.

Um, we then discover who we are,
not when we're completely in control.

[bells ringing rhythmically]

[Gray] He's an amazing fellow.

He's described as being big,
husky, strong, an imposing figure.

But his other contemporaries also call him
gentle, kind, humorous, magnetic.

And this individual has changed
the history of Alaska,

let alone the history
of orthodoxy in Alaska.

So initially,
St. Innocent was parish priest,

young fellow, newly ordained
in Irkutsk, Siberia.

That was gonna be his future.
That was his vocation, he felt.

It was just a simple life
of a priest and a pastor.

The stories that he had heard
as a seminarian

and as a young priest
coming back from Alaska,

uh, that it's a wild place,
very rough and rugged,

uh, the temperatures and the winds
and all, and the people that were there.

So initially, when he heard this, he
had no desire to become a missionary.

And then another story kind of was
circulating amongst the folks in his town,

- [pensive music playing]
- from folks who'd been there,

that the folks
living in the Aleutian chain

have a tremendous spirituality,
a tremendously deep spirituality,

one not unlike our own
Orthodox spirituality,

which was really a surprise to him

because that was very unlike
the stories that he'd heard

about the folks living in
the Aleutian chain before that.

And so this idea of them
having this tremendous spirituality

resonated with him.

And as time went on,
he realized that there was a call,

a deep call to go to Alaska.

But why? He had everything
he had hoped for

all of his life there
as a parish priest.

But this call got louder and louder.

And eventually he came home
from church one day

and came to his wife, Catherine, and said,

"I'm really feeling that God is calling us
to go to Alaska to become missionaries."

So he and his family are living in Alaska,

- and he's got this entire parish
of the entire Aleutian chain,

Many hundreds of miles.

And so how does he get
from island to island?

Boat and kayak.

He's traveling all up
and down the Aleutian chain.

He's learning the language.

He's learning the culture.
He's learning the ways of the people.

He begins to translate the gospel
into the language for them.

He's baptizing hundreds and hundreds,

and they say even by the end of his life,
thousands of people.

And so I can imagine
the work that he did,

the stick-to-itiveness
of doing this work of God.

[Johnson] St. Innocent's vision
was a vision of love.

We love the people, we hear their stories,
we speak their language,

and we teach the faith.

And it's going to maintain
a unique Alaskan context,

which means it's gonna be
a little different in a Yup'ik area

versus an Aleut area

versus down here in the southeast
where it's a Tlingit area.

[Ebona] The Tlingit people have been
in this country, in Southeast Alaska,

for well over 14,000 years.

And they became part of this land

in surviving in this country.

[pensive music playing]

The water, the trees,
the land around them, the animals.

They viewed everything spiritually.

So later in life, St. Innocent
was assigned to the church in Sitka.

[Ebona] He spent a lot of time
learning the language

because he felt
that was the best way for him

To be able to reach out
to people in the communities.

He just spent a lot of time
in the villages

to get to know the people

and be part of the culture
of the Tlingit people.

[Davis] I was born into the
Russian Orthodox Church.

My mother was Russian Orthodox.

My father was Russian Orthodox.
My grandfather was Russian Orthodox.

I'm with the Raven tribe, and I'm the
chief spokesperson for the Coho people.

I'm very happy to be a part
of the Russian Orthodox Church.

Being, not part,
being in the Orthodox Church.

[singing in Indigenous language]

[inaudible dialogue]
[singing continues]

[intriguing music playing]

[Gray] In his old age, St. Innocent
was summoned back to Russia

from his post as the Bishop of Alaska.

He was chosen to become the leader
of the whole Russian Orthodox Church.

So this obscure priest from Siberia
ended up changing history.

By the time he returned to Russia,

he could barely walk due to the years
of being crammed in a kayak

for countless hours.

And he was almost blind from the sun
reflecting from the sea or the snow.

He gave and sacrificed
everything out of love for the people.

200 years later, he's still loved and
remembered by people all over the world.

One of the refrains throughout his life
that he often mentioned was,

the path of a good man is directed
by the Lord, and he delights in his ways.

[bird caws in distance]

[Oleksa] Yakov Netsvetov was born
on St. George Island in 1804,

the first Aleut seminarian to attend
school, theological school, in Russia.

And in 1827, at the age of 23,
he came home and was assigned to Atka.

And on the map of the Aleutian Islands,

it's about the middle
of the Aleutian chain.

He was transferred to the Yukon Delta.

He set up his headquarters
at a town known in Yup'ik as Ikogmut,

and now today in English
called Russian Mission.

He traveled in an area probably the size
of Pennsylvania and Ohio combined

on the Nushagak, the Kuskokwim,
and the Yukon.

[pensive music playing]

This is in a territory where
the temperatures dip well below zero

for half the year.

And by dog sled in the winter
and by kayak in the summer,

it's really extraordinary how he managed
simply even to navigate 18 years

in that region and spread the faith using
the Yup'ik language, which he had learned.

They began worshiping
in the Yup'ik language

and forming Orthodox communities
throughout the region,

all of whom are still there to this day.

[chanting in Indigenous language]

[Michael] Our people weren't forced
to embrace orthodoxy.

It just started to grow in them.

You know, I could see, like,
why our elders before us

grasped orthodoxy so well.

Because everything kind of felt...
Fit like a perfect glove.

[Oleksa] So many people believe today
that Christianity was somehow imposed

on the Alaskan Native people
or on Indian tribes in general.

And the missionary history in some parts
of the country is rather sad,

we have to admit.

But in the case of Alaska,
over and over again,

we have the people requesting
the missionaries to come,

giving them a fair hearing,
in a certain sense,

listening to what they have to say,

and then, without objection,
accepting baptism at their own request.

And I think this gives us
the firm foundation

in the faith that exists to this day,

that it was the Native people
who heard the Gospel

and received it with joy.

Now, what in the Gospel attracted them?

I think it's important to mention this
in the context of Father Yakov

because he was evangelizing people

Who had never heard
of Jesus Christ at all.

[pensive music playing]

Alaskan Native people

believe, essentially, that all life
is a mysterious and sacred reality,

not just in humans, but in animals.

The animals are sensitive
and, in many ways, wise.

The hunter can never surprise the animal,
or outsmart it, or overpower it.

They only get the animals
who allow themselves to be caught.

The animals must sacrifice themselves
to keep the otherwise

pitiful and pathetic humans alive.

This is the traditional belief
that goes back thousands of years.

When the story of Christ was told to them,
it was obvious, I think,

that they accepted the sacrifice of Christ
in the same way.

God himself comes to offer himself,
to sacrifice himself.

This made perfect sense
to the Alaskan Native people.

And Father Yakov,
being Alaskan Native himself,

understood this perfectly.

And St. Yakov built his ministry
on his knowledge of the cultural

and spiritual beliefs
of the Alaskan Native people.

[dramatic music playing]

His wife died.
His son died unexpectedly, tragically.

His house burned down.

He owned nothing.

At the end of his life,
after all this heroic effort,

he was slandered and
called to a church court in Sitka.

Things couldn't get much worse.

And then he was forgotten
for a hundred years.

Even now, we're not quite sure
at what spot was he actually buried.

But we hope that in the near future,
we'll be able to find Father Yakov.

[intriguing music playing]

It's precisely because he endured so much.

He is a testimony to all of us,
a challenge to all of us,

to be faithful even to the end,
as Christ taught us.

This heroic, extraordinary
missionary, St. Yakov Netsvetov.

Then in 1867, when the Russians left,

you would have expected the native people
to throw everything related

to the Russian regime
into the Pacific Ocean,

burn down the churches,

and anathematize anything that had
anything to do with Siberia or Russia.

But exactly the opposite happened.

So clearly something else was going on.

The missionaries
were able to present Christianity

as the fulfillment of what the people
already knew, already believed,

and already understood
about themselves and their world.

[chainsaw buzzing]

[Andrew] Holy Fathers,
and this will be a little simplification,

speak of this Logi or Logos of each
and every creation that God made

was made with purpose and intent.

And it's like a stamp or image
of the Creator is in every creation,

and it sings back and reflects back
that image to the Creator.

[pensive music playing]

[Oleksa] For God so loved the world
that he sent his only begotten son.

There are two words for world.

The one is the oikoumene.

The oikoumene, it's the inhabited world,

all the human beings of the planet,
the oikoumene.

And the other word
for "world" is "cosmos."

God so loved the whole creation
that he sent his son.

Why?

Human beings are the one creature
God made in the beginning

that has not just a material life
like the animals, flesh and bones,

and not just a spiritual dimension
like the angels.

Human beings are
the only creature that has both.

We were meant to be the connecting link
between heaven and earth,

between God and man,
between the creator and the creation.

And we were to do that
by being part of the created world

and loving it
and offering it back in humility,

and thanksgiving, and gratitude to God.

We were meant to see the world
as God's creation

and work with him to fulfill his will
and his plan for the whole creation.

And that's exactly the vocation,
exactly the role Adam and Eve refused.

- They rejected it.
- [intriguing music playing]

They break the link.

They fail to do what human beings
were meant to do,

hold the whole thing together.

So now we have two parts,
heaven and earth, creator, creation.

The problem is that the creation
by itself has no life in it.

The source of life and of all life is God.

And so in a certain sense,

The story of the Bible
is God's effort to reconnect.

His desire to reconnect, to re-sanctify,

to restore, to sanctify this world
which he so loves.

Whether it was running water
or plants growing,

We were taught at a very young age

to try to respect all life.

[Oleksa] I think intrinsic

to the traditional
Alaskan Native way of seeing the world,

children are taught
from very early age that living things,

all living things, are alive

because there's somehow
a sacred or mystical presence

in that animal, that plant,
that makes it to be alive.

There's a word for this in Yup'ik.
It's called it's yua.

The thing, the presence that makes
that thing to be alive, it's yua.

The life in the animal,
whatever makes that animal to be alive,

it's yua, is the same as the life in us.

It's what makes the animal alive,
it's what makes us alive.

I believe that Father Yakov,

in preaching Christianity
to the Yup'iks in his day,

simply named the yua, Christ.

[pensive music playing]

Meaning the life of everything
that's alive, in every leaf of every tree,

every flower, every bird, every animal.

The source of all life is Jesus Christ.
He's not just in a book.

And he's not just a character who
walked in Palestine 2,000 years ago.

The life that animates,
that enlivens everything is Christ.

Being in communion with him
puts us in harmony

and in communion
with all the yua in the whole world.

In the beginning was the meaning
for the whole thing.

The meaning of this tree is Christ.

The meaning of this mountain is Christ.

It's here because
it's part of the creation as Christ,

the Logos, created and designed it,
and upholds and sustains it.

It's sustained by Christ.

Everything exists in the moment because
God wills it to exist in this moment.

Creation is happening in this moment,

and then it's happening again
in this moment.

And it just happened again in this moment

Because God, by his will,
sustained it each moment at a time.

So creation is not just a past event.
It's a momentary miracle.

[dramatic music playing]

[Morris] Ellam Yua, the god
of the universe, is everywhere.

And he holds all of life.

[Andrew] All the creation in their own way

sing in a continual doxology to God.

We kind of participate that
if we've lost that center in ourselves

where it comes out from us,
we can at least be around nature

and be part of that as the creation sings
its doxology back to God.

[Oleksa] I believe that
our traditional people,

traditional Native American people,
tribal hunting gathering people,

saw the world in this practically
miraculous way.

That it wasn't the same old, ever.

It wasn't the same river
two days in a row.

It wasn't the same sunrise
two days in a row.

It wasn't the same mountain
two days in a row.

And when something grows,
it's equally miraculous.

It could have just
never have appeared at all.

Nobody planted those berries
that we're about to pick.

They could have never have existed at all.
They exist by the will of God.

And the Logi in them is Christ.

In every blade of grass,

in every salmonberry
or blueberry on the tundra,

in every fish that they harvest,
in everything that they eat,

everything that they do,

to be able to see the world in this
extraordinary, miraculous, newly created,

newly sustained,
newly sanctified way, and to love it.

[people singing in Indigenous language]

The river here is our source of food,

um, travel.

We have villages that, in the summer,
they'll come here by boat.

In the winter,
there's travel with snow machine,

four-wheeler, or vehicle on the river.

And it really is a lifeline
for the communities.

The river dictates what we do.

We live right along the Kuskokwim River,

and my uncle had recently
stopped by to visit,

and he said that living along
the river is cleansing.

[pensive music playing]

That the flowing water cleanses a person.

In order for a flowing river
to be cleansing,

it needs to be clean.

[Oleksa] The Great Blessing of Water made
great sense from the very beginning

because they had a custom in January,

the same time when we celebrate
Theophany, of returning the...

Some parts of the animals
that they had harvested

during the previous year
were put through the ice

as a gesture of gratitude
and respect for the sacrifice

that the animals had made
in feeding the people.

Now, they see the priests go to the river

and put the cross into that same spot,
in that same hole, through the ice.

For Native Alaskans,
this is second nature,

to go to bless the river [chuckles]
on the Theophany,

the river out of which
we pull all our fish,

on which we travel.

[Hoffman]
We are healthy when the river is healthy.

One cannot be healthy without the other.

You are a part of your surrounding

in a way that you weren't otherwise.

You begin to appreciate
your place in your environment.

We as Yup'ik people

want to continue to reside

and raise our families
and remain in this place.

Yup'ik people belong here in a way
that they wouldn't belong elsewhere.

This is where we want to be.

We want to be able to live...

Continue to live off the land,

provide for our families from the land.

So it's because we can hunt,
and fish, and harvest

that we remain.

It's so wet down here.

[clears throat]

[Askoak] Yeah, you heard
about soul food. [chuckles]

The food that we grew up with,
we use as our,

the things that connect us with nature,
with everything that,

with the season,
and with being able to survive,

and just being one with

everything that God created.

In the old times, they gave us...

Or everything that they caught...

uh, they always attribute it
to the gift from God.

If you caught something,
instead of saying you killed it,

you would say that it
was provided for you,

that it gave itself for you from God.

So the people had this respect for nature.

They had to be respectful

With one another
and with respect to nature.

[woman on radio] ...everybody,
and good luck the rest of the season.

[man on radio] Yeah...
[speaking in Indigenous language]

He was American. They take the time out.

[Fisher] Subsistence,
the word "subsistence" means,

you know, providing food

so that you can survive the winter,
survive the year,

and help families survive the year.

So it means subsistence
could translate to:

[intriguing music playing]

"I am going to be living
for the next year.

I have life.
I'm sharing life with that family.

I'm sharing the gift of life with this
other family that's not even related.

We share and we give,

uh, of what abundance that we have."

Myself, growing up
subsistence hunting,

I learned and learned from my uncles,

that we need to give thanks
for the catch that we have.

So when we catch something,
we give thanks to God.

You know, that thing,
"I'm going to go get my fish,"

we don't do that,
you know, we don't say that.

We say: [speaking in Indigenous language]

So difficult, so hard to say that.

It's a hard thing to do.

We were blessed with our catch.

If we're blessed with fish, we get fish.

To be Orthodox,

is to fulfill the words
of Christ's command,

love one another as I have loved you.

That's it.

And in the Yup'ik culture,
you live that out.

It's where your back's breaking,
your muscles are sore,

and you're still smiling.

You see the rack of fish cut up, drying.

In the smokehouse,
you see the smoke coming out

and the rows of fish,

and you smell that aroma,

that fish camp smell,

and you smile.

[Fisher speaking in Indigenous language]

A person who doesn't share,
who doesn't give,

will not have anything

and will not have abundance,
bounty, and blessings.

[Hoffman] We subsist with the knowledge
and the intention to share.

We want to have the resource
continue to be there.

It's not that we're gonna go get a moose,
and then we're done.

We're gonna get a moose,
hopefully, every year,

so it's very cyclical.

The approach that we bring
is this sustainability.

[Fisher]
You asked earlier what subsistence is.

Subsistence is loving your neighbor.

Subsistence is loving your family.

You love them enough to feed them,

to provide for them, to work hard.

To provide for not just yourself,
for the community.

It's... As an Orthodox Christian,

you're not set apart from your neighbor.

That, you know,
you're not set apart from them.

If you see them hunger,

if you see them needing wood
or other things,

you provide help, provide for them.

[Hoffman] Without subsistence,

we wouldn't be
the unique people that we are.

I've been trying to be tired
because I didn't want to squeeze fish...

[both laughing]

My grandpa was a starosta

in the church, and, um...

mm, in those days,
they had to make their own nets.

Um, at one time, I went to see him
just to sit by him during the summer.

It was nice and warm out,
and he was making his net.

And while he was doing that,

he was whispering something.

I went to his...

I went close by, and I listened to him.

And his words were:
[speaking in Indigenous language]

"Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God,
have mercy on me, a sinner."

And simple life that he lived,

and you could feel that grace,
special grace,

that was given to him
by simply being the servant of God.

[Fisher] The presence of elders,
the honor of elders,

was a big part of living in the village.

[pensive music playing]

Because what they taught,
and the wisdom that they have,

and the teachings that they shared

Were vital to our existence.

[Martin] They made us hear.

They made us listen.

It was like a textbook of life that,

but the one that you don't see,

but it'll be the one that
you remember inside, in your head.

They received all the word, Orthodox word,

through the missionaries of God,

of the scriptures,

and they put it in their heads.

My aunt, who raised me,

was my greatest influence.

And she taught always about God,
talked always about God.

I represent my apa and my grandma,
the people who raised me,

who rooted me
through their daily teachings,

not so many by,
not by books or anything like that,

but by action, by example,

by being prayerful.

Now, their dedication,

their simple... simple trust in God,

even with no words at times,

through their example,
they were able to teach us

that even today, after they're gone,
we still remember them.

They are the number one
teachers of our culture

because they've lived their lives

in a way that taught them to balance

any type of chaos
that comes up against them.

Just as the church tries
to teach us how to handle,

you know, things that come against us.

We take even things like alcoholism.

We're taught to have a path

so that we can overcome

And create that balance in our
lives instead of creating more chaos.

My uncle used to say:

[speaking in Indigenous language]

Um... Meaning...

the next generation people are faster than

us now living.

We didn't understand.

He would say:

[speaking in Indigenous language]

"The time will come, and you will see."

Now that modern world is coming,

the people are fast, moving faster,

the town is faster.

- Things are coming.
- [melancholy music playing]

Deaths are fast, and suicides, fast.

And our culture, way of life,
can't keep up with them.

It's a struggle.

- It's a struggle for us.
- It's a struggle for us.

[Fisher] If there's a tragedy
in the village, everybody feels that.

Everybody knows that person.

If someone passes on,

whether it be an elder
or a young person...

everybody is impacted, young and old.

[speaking in Indigenous language]

[all] Amen.

[Martin] The elders saw life
as not being easy all the time.

Fulfilling...

but sometimes,
on a more personal level, it's harder.

It's hard to deal with life,
this changing world, and everything.

They practice their faith every day.

We miss them, sometimes.

We miss the older...
Older people, sometimes.

I wish so and so would come up
from his grave or her grave

and teach us things,
these things, some things.

Give us a word of advice,
or show us what to do.

[Morris] My grandfather was prayerful.
He lived his life in prayer.

- Literally in prayer.
- Literally in prayer.

And I thought his life
was the most boring,

the most boring life on earth.

I used to think, "Doesn't he have
better things to do than to pray?"

There's life going on,
life outside going on in the world,

and here, my grandfather
is being prayerful.

But now that I'm older,
I appreciate and I hope to,

you know, never forget
those things that I saw,

that I witnessed with my own eyes.

And I just witnessed my grandfather

when he was praying
for the peace around him,

and I was thinking,
wondering where that came from.

How can you be praying like that
with peace all around you

when your two sons are on the floor,
drunk and fighting?

I was like, "How can that happen?

How does that happen?"

But I saw it with my own eyes.

- The peace that passes all
understanding that God gives to us,

That he can give to each
and every one of us.

And it's available for us.

But it's not, you know...

He... God gives us free will.

Could I ask you a question?

Okay.

When did you decide to become a priest?

When I was in high school.

When you were in high school?

Oh, man, how long did it
take you to really decide

to go in to be a priest?

I...

Maybe 12 years?

Mm-hm.

[exclaims softly]

[loudly] When I was in seminary,

the more I learned about the priesthood,

I didn't want to be a priest anymore.

But they...

- But the more they got to know me,
- But the more they got to know me,

They said,
"I think you'd make a good priest."

- Yeah.
- So I listened to them.

Yeah, I don't think
you're gonna regret it.

[both laughing]

[Fisher] It's a great blessing.

It's a gift.

It's a lot of good things,
a lot of blessings there.

You get acquainted with many people,

and you become family to many people
in that community, in that village.

[indistinct chatter]

You get to be a part of their lives,
a major part of their life.

The spiritual guide,
the people that they trust,

the person that they trust.

But it also can be difficult.

[Trefon Jr]
We're supposed to work together,

the men, the women,
the elders, the children.

And it leads back into
the center of life, the center of God.

You know, that's... That's the true, uh...

image of Yup'ik's... Yup'ik's history.

You know, bringing that back,
trying to, you know...

Once we were changed
how to live a different way,

those circles were broken.

[pensive music playing]

You know, there's these
many different difficulties

that we face as clergy.

One being suicide.

Suicide, [stammering] it's devastating.

Devastating to a community.

[stammering] When tragedy happens,

and you're there
as one of the first called.

Sometimes, as a clergy,
you see things that

any other person,
that only the police would see.

We are led to disrespecting our elders.

We are led to leaving kids to OCS.

We're, you know...

Not every family,
but, you know, it happens.

Abusing elders, and abusing children,
and abusing women,

you know, it's not the right living
because your true self...

It's a fake living, you know.

It's like... It's like we're in a dream.

It's like a bad dream.

[inaudible dialogue]

But how do we get out of that bad dream?
Well, we come back to God.

[Fisher] The Church brings us hope.
God brings us hope.

You know, we need to have
that pastor, that clergy there,

especially in the communities,
to send that message

that our God is a God of forgiveness,

you know, that they're welcome
in the church,

no matter what they may have done.

You share that message of hope.

You share that message of hope
for eternal life,

hope for prayer,
hope that God is merciful.

And we do have a forgiving God.

[dogs barking]

[Trefon Jr] If a person
can come back who is lost

and to actually continually
to reflect on their life.

That's the point of being a real person,

is to admit that
you are doing the best you can,

you know, we are all sinners,

and try and help
some other people along the way.

[inaudible dialogue]

[Fisher] Those who are broken,
those who are broken,

God, our Lord Jesus Christ,
comes to meet us

and helps us heal together.

That is a gift.

That heals me as well.

[Askoak] The prayer that was really strong
with my mom and my dad,

and we say, begin with:
Our Father, who art in heaven,

hallowed be thy name,
thy kingdom come,

thy will be done,
on earth, as it is in heaven.

Give us this day our daily bread

and forgive us our trespasses

as we forgive those
who trespass against us.

And lead us not into temptation,

but deliver us from the evil one.

It's a simple, simple prayer,

but if you really think about it,

what is trouble?

When we put our trust in the mercy
and the love of this loving God,

who showed his mercy and love
for each and every one of us?

[inaudible dialogue]

[Larson] My mother was a Matushka.

She was very faithful and hardworking.

They didn't have a big house
with lots of furniture,

and they just were grateful
for what they had.

And the subsistence lifestyle...

she had to do most of the work,

with the fishing during the summer

because my dad would be gone
for long periods of time.

Because there were only four
or five priests to serve this area,

and he always had to travel.

So she always had to do the hard work.

But she would never complain.

My mom was a midwife,

and we had this window in our bedroom.

When someone would knock on that window,

and my mom would wake up,

and if I woke up
and couldn't go back to sleep,

she'd have to bring me with her.

I'd go into this house,

and there was a woman in labor,

and I'd have to sit quietly
on the chair and wait.

Life was hard in those days,

and we didn't have a lot
of help or support from,

you know, like the hospitals

and the schools that we have now.

She told me...

That we need to be
compassionate about others.

We need to have compassion on others

who didn't have much, you know...

because that's showing love
to other people.

And I think that's why
my friends always used to be, um...

happy to be at my house

because my mom treated them
like her own children,

you know, making sure
that they weren't hungry

and, um... unclothed.

[Morris] I used to be one of the kids
that used to sleep at her house,

with Lily, and my friend, my cousin.

And every morning,
literally every morning,

she would be up early in the morning
to make pancakes, and, um...

- we would... Lots of kids
would get up, and we would eat,

And then she would already
be done with chores.

She did everything early in the morning
while her family was sleeping.

She was a very prayerful lady.

She was very humble.

And she... I never ever heard her say
anything bad about anyone

in the times that I was around her,
and I was around her quite a bit.

Grandma's house was always my, um...

You know, they had me,
like, babysit or watch me.

So I would go to Grandma's
for a couple days, if they're traveling.

And it was...

I was so fortunate. I was...

Because she was like, naturally...

you can feel the love from her.

I mean, it was just natural love from her.

[tense music playing]

- [Larson] One time, I was very
scared because a man came in

And he was very, very angry,

um, hollering at first
because he thought

that one of my brothers had
checked his net and took his fish.

My mom didn't say anything,

would just watch him while he was yelling.

After he said all of the things
that he needed to say,

my mom said, "Why don't you
sit down and have some tea?"

And he got very calm.

[pensive music playing]

And he even...

I think he apologized before he went out.

Some ladies would come in
very sad or have something.

You know, you could tell
by their expressions

that they have something,

Like, they're stressed about
something or being very sad.

And they'd sit and talk for hours.

After they'd have tea and talk...

Um... it was like...

that stress or that sadness
was gone when they left.

A lot of women have shared their dreams

with me and my sisters.

Most of them are about my mom
leading them to the church

or reminding them to pray.

The last time I saw her, she, you know,

met me halfway to say farewell to me.

And during the hardest times of my life,
my personal life,

she came to me in my dream.

And she told me to never
look away from the church,

to always be prayerful,

that that's where
the inner strength comes from,

- through the prayers of the church
- through the prayers of the church

Because the people in the church
help us to pray,

through singing, through their prayers.

She reminded me that.

She lived her faith.

She walked it.

She practiced what she believed.

She was prayerful,
just lived her life simply.

She never wanted
to waste a day doing nothing.

She used it.

She used the day that God gives to us.

[Morris speaking in Indigenous language]

[Askoak]
And we see how simple the people are,

um, and how their simple,
saintly lives,

Uh, that they live somewhere
hidden from us.

[Fisher] The elders would teach
about love all the time.

Always, always about love.

Kenka, kenka.

That word, kenka, uh...

had permeated every teaching.

And that source of teaching
of kenka is Christ.

If those elders
were not connected to Christ,

they wouldn't have been
able to teach that.

[inaudible dialogue]

They were Orthodox. They were real people.

I believe that...

that more of that message
needs to continue

because our elders are not here forever.

They're passing,

and there's some communities that suffer
because they don't have any more elders.

I grew up singing, um:

[speaking in Indigenous language]

That means, "Lord, have mercy on us."

We prayed all the time in church.

[Morris singing in Indigenous language]

For every prayer...

[Morris singing in Indigenous language]

And I think that is
the most important prayer

because we're so contradictory
as human beings.

We're all the same, and we all need mercy.

[pensive music playing]

Ah. When we see ourselves...

um, created in the image
and likeness of God,

and to see it in others
is very important too.

The people that you see,
you show respect and kindness,

uh, and this is a simple way
that you can see

that God is in everything
and in everybody.

It's easy to look at yourself

and see your faults
and everything and to live.

But this is why we have confession,

go to confession and to, um...

So that you can see your real self.

We're here...

In our Yup'ik tradition,

that word "Yup'ik" means real person.

[giggling]

[Fisher speaking in Indigenous language]

[Fisher] I'm a real person,
a real human being.

And what is a real person?

- We grow up hearing
the teachings of our elders,

That we need to care for one another.

We care for our elders.

We respect one another.

We respect one another's property.

We give.

We provide for.

Um, it's a hard question
to answer because, um...

uh...

Maybe it's not that hard.

Just trying to find
the right words to explain.

It's who you are.

A person isn't a person
until another person comes

and acknowledges their person.

You know, the two people...
[stammers]

One person can be alone,

but they can never feel like a person.

When another person comes, um,

we have that...
That sense of who we are.

We have an identity, you know.

We see ourselves in another person...

[inaudible dialogue]

- to know who you are.
- to know who you are.

To be Yup'ik, Yupiak.

In that understanding,
you know, in ethnicity, I'm Yup'ik,

but you could be Yupiaq.
You are a real person.

[inaudible dialogue]

Apa!

Apa!

Apa!

[Andrew] Everyone welcomes
the presence of a humble person,

a simple, humble person.
Hmm?

So, "Yeah, you saw that.
That's me. That's okay, you know.

I can improve."

And in these lives, I think,
as we mentioned with St. Yakov,

these terrible hardships
that he went through,

that he endured, that purified him...

Um...

Also help us to rethink
what makes a saint.

Matushka Olga gives us
a beautiful example,

staying in her native village,

making socks, giving them away,

being normal, being generous,

being hospitable.

Uh, the idea that saints
can't have faults or shortcomings...

You can still be holy.

And in fact, sometimes,
if you really look at it,

you'll love someone who has more faults
than someone who has no faults.

It's really hard to love someone
who doesn't have any faults

or who hides all their faults.

Um, and that's, I think,
indicative of a complexity,

a lack of simplicity.

[Indigenous hymn playing]

[Oleksa] I suppose all of this
actually begs the question,

what does it mean to be canonized?

What does it mean
to be glorified as a saint?

- Well, first of all, we're
all called to be saints,

To do everything to the glory of God,

and virtually, nothing just for yourself,

for your own selfish needs
or purposes, or honor, or glory.

Matushka Olga
certainly fit in that category,

but so did St. Innocent.

He was a high school graduate.
[laughs softly]

Father Yakov went off to the boonies

and never expected
any glory in this world.

Father Herman retired to the woods

and never expected to be remembered.

So when we look at any of our saints,
we see how humble they are.

They simply do what God gave them to do.

The path is not theirs.

St. Innocent says, "The path of the Lord
is directed by the Lord."

But not all people follow that path.

We go off on our own way.
We want to have it our way.

So to accept God's path and God's will,

and to do, however humble it may be,
what God has set before you,

- that's the path to sanctity.
- That's the path to sanctity.

It's nothing extraordinary.

- Matushka hardly ever left her village.
- [pensive music playing]

What did she do?

She helped women in childbirth.

She made socks, and caps, and mittens.

She went to church. She said her prayers.

She sang church hymns
and Christmas carols.

She did nothing extraordinary,
but it was what God gave her to do.

When we set aside a day
to remember a saint, it's simply that.

It's not for them. It's for us.

It's an opportunity to look at
a person's life and say:

"I can do that.

[dramatic music playing]

I can be that kind of wife.
I can be that kind of husband.

I can be that kind of starosta.

I can serve God in whatever way

he's directed and given me
the chance to do.

And if I do that,
then that's all God expects of me."

So the saints are those who
are given to us as an example to say,

I think especially
in Matushka Olga's situation,

you can be forgotten for decades,

or St. Yakov's situation,

you can be forgotten for centuries,

and that doesn't matter
because what people know about,

or think about, or value on earth
is not significant.

You did what God gave you to do.

And now we can hold her up as an example

because it says to all of us:

"You also have
your God-given purpose in life.

Find it and do it,
and that will be your salvation."

[dramatic music intensifies]

[music fades]

[man singing in Indigenous language]

[emotional music playing]