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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:07,840 --> 00:00:13,390 (♪♪♪) 2 00:00:13,470 --> 00:00:16,220 ♪ It feels so warm. 3 00:00:16,300 --> 00:00:20,770 Lying in your mother's arms. 4 00:00:20,850 --> 00:00:22,650 Nothing can hurt you. 5 00:00:22,730 --> 00:00:25,610 You're free from harm when 6 00:00:25,690 --> 00:00:31,660 Y0U're young ♪ 7 00:00:31,740 --> 00:00:36,740 (♪♪♪) 8 00:00:43,870 --> 00:00:46,470 >> Narrator: It all begins when 9 00:00:46,540 --> 00:00:53,600 she is born in the forest. 10 00:00:53,670 --> 00:00:54,850 Her family are the largest 11 00:00:55,300 --> 00:00:56,770 animals still walking upon 12 00:00:56,840 --> 00:01:00,350 the earth. 13 00:01:00,720 --> 00:01:04,350 (♪♪♪) 14 00:01:04,430 --> 00:01:10,490 But their world has changed. 15 00:01:11,820 --> 00:01:14,410 (♪♪♪) 16 00:01:14,490 --> 00:01:19,490 [elephants trumpeting] 17 00:01:26,620 --> 00:01:31,620 (♪♪♪) 18 00:01:49,690 --> 00:01:54,740 [chains clanking] 19 00:01:54,820 --> 00:01:57,740 [tailgate slamming] 20 00:01:57,820 --> 00:02:02,820 [Car engine] 21 00:02:33,940 --> 00:02:38,370 [elephant groaning] 22 00:02:41,570 --> 00:02:45,790 (♪♪♪) 23 00:03:04,970 --> 00:03:09,970 (♪♪♪) 24 00:03:34,880 --> 00:03:37,430 (♪♪♪) 25 00:03:37,500 --> 00:03:39,010 >> Narrator: In Thailand, maybe 26 00:03:39,420 --> 00:03:40,850 a hundred years ago, 27 00:03:40,920 --> 00:03:42,680 must have been over a 100 -- 28 00:03:42,760 --> 00:03:47,440 200,000 elephants, at least. 29 00:03:47,510 --> 00:03:50,890 Right now, there are only 30 00:03:50,980 --> 00:03:53,400 2,800-something captive 31 00:03:53,480 --> 00:03:55,700 elephants. 32 00:03:55,770 --> 00:03:59,570 And maybe just a 1,200 wild 33 00:03:59,650 --> 00:04:02,450 elephants. 34 00:04:02,530 --> 00:04:04,700 So all together, we're talking 35 00:04:04,780 --> 00:04:09,880 about 4,000. 36 00:04:09,950 --> 00:04:14,950 [elephants trumpeting] 37 00:04:20,710 --> 00:04:21,640 >> Narrator: This newborn baby 38 00:04:21,720 --> 00:04:23,560 and her mother are known 39 00:04:23,630 --> 00:04:25,890 as Elephas Maximus or 40 00:04:25,970 --> 00:04:30,770 the Asian elephant. 41 00:04:30,850 --> 00:04:31,900 They once roamed freely 42 00:04:31,980 --> 00:04:33,850 through these forests as 43 00:04:33,940 --> 00:04:37,910 caretakers of the ecosystem. 44 00:04:37,980 --> 00:04:39,730 But 95% of the forest they used 45 00:04:39,820 --> 00:04:42,870 to call home is now gone. 46 00:04:42,940 --> 00:04:45,490 And with fewer than 45,000 Asian 47 00:04:45,570 --> 00:04:46,740 elephants remaining in the 48 00:04:46,820 --> 00:04:49,750 world, they are classified as an 49 00:04:49,830 --> 00:04:55,800 endangered species. 50 00:05:07,590 --> 00:05:12,590 (♪♪♪) 51 00:05:18,560 --> 00:05:19,160 >> Narrator: Over 300 captive 52 00:05:19,520 --> 00:05:21,740 elephants live in Surin province 53 00:05:21,820 --> 00:05:24,820 in northeastern Thailand. 54 00:05:24,900 --> 00:05:27,500 Only 5O years ago, this area was 55 00:05:27,570 --> 00:05:29,750 mostly forest with plenty of 56 00:05:29,830 --> 00:05:34,920 wild elephants. 57 00:05:35,000 --> 00:05:36,620 It is now one of Thailand's most 58 00:05:36,710 --> 00:05:39,550 productive rice growing regions 59 00:05:39,630 --> 00:05:40,750 and there is little natural 60 00:05:40,840 --> 00:05:43,680 forest left. 61 00:05:43,760 --> 00:05:44,880 The last wild elephant was 62 00:05:44,970 --> 00:05:48,970 captured here over 5O years ago. 63 00:05:49,050 --> 00:05:53,930 (♪♪♪) 64 00:05:54,020 --> 00:05:54,860 >> Narrator: 35 captive 65 00:05:54,930 --> 00:05:56,030 elephants now live in 66 00:05:56,100 --> 00:05:59,070 this village. 67 00:05:59,150 --> 00:06:04,150 (♪♪♪) 68 00:06:18,710 --> 00:06:28,690 >> Narrator: It is a 69 00:06:28,760 --> 00:06:30,100 community that has preserved 70 00:06:30,180 --> 00:06:31,720 it's traditions of keeping 71 00:06:31,800 --> 00:06:33,930 elephants. 72 00:06:34,010 --> 00:06:34,810 Even though the world has 73 00:06:34,850 --> 00:06:37,900 changed around them. 74 00:06:38,810 --> 00:06:45,110 (♪♪♪) 75 00:06:45,190 --> 00:06:46,070 >> Narrator: Grandfather was 76 00:06:46,150 --> 00:06:49,200 once a wild elephant catcher. 77 00:06:49,610 --> 00:06:51,580 Now, too old to work, he relies 78 00:06:51,660 --> 00:06:53,580 on his grandchildren to take 79 00:06:53,660 --> 00:06:58,130 care of the family elephant. 80 00:06:58,200 --> 00:07:02,760 Nong Mai is the family elephant. 81 00:07:20,980 --> 00:07:27,990 (♪♪♪) 82 00:07:28,070 --> 00:07:29,160 >> Grandpa and his 83 00:07:29,240 --> 00:07:31,160 granddaughter, Duen, 84 00:07:31,240 --> 00:07:32,240 bought Nong Mai 85 00:07:32,660 --> 00:07:36,630 when she was just 3 years old. 86 00:07:36,700 --> 00:07:37,750 They bought her to work in the 87 00:07:37,830 --> 00:07:39,800 street begging business run by 88 00:07:39,870 --> 00:07:43,170 Uncle Saweang. 89 00:07:43,250 --> 00:07:44,920 For the past three years, the 90 00:07:45,000 --> 00:07:47,170 family has entrusted Nong Mai to 91 00:07:47,250 --> 00:07:51,680 the care of grandson Wok. 92 00:07:51,760 --> 00:07:53,930 Wok is 26 years old, and Nong 93 00:07:54,010 --> 00:07:56,890 Mai is his first elephant. 94 00:08:18,990 --> 00:08:25,090 (♪♪♪) 95 00:08:25,170 --> 00:08:26,920 >> Narrator: For centuries, 96 00:08:27,000 --> 00:08:27,970 elephants have always been a 97 00:08:28,040 --> 00:08:31,770 familiar part of village life. 98 00:08:31,840 --> 00:08:34,840 (♪♪♪) 99 00:08:34,930 --> 00:08:35,350 >> Narrator: The traditions 100 00:08:35,760 --> 00:08:36,980 of elephant care are handed 101 00:08:37,050 --> 00:08:38,230 down from one generation 102 00:08:38,300 --> 00:08:41,150 to another. 103 00:08:42,180 --> 00:08:52,120 (♪♪♪) 104 00:08:57,990 --> 00:09:00,840 [laughing] 105 00:09:03,120 --> 00:09:03,960 >> Narrator: Most of the 106 00:09:04,040 --> 00:09:05,090 elephants here work in 107 00:09:05,170 --> 00:09:09,170 tourist camps. 108 00:09:09,250 --> 00:09:12,220 But for Wok and his family, 109 00:09:12,300 --> 00:09:13,220 street begging with their 110 00:09:13,300 --> 00:09:17,140 elephant is the family business. 111 00:10:21,280 --> 00:10:23,790 (♪♪♪) 112 00:10:23,870 --> 00:10:24,960 >> Narrator: Wok's family 113 00:10:25,040 --> 00:10:25,960 is from an ethnic group 114 00:10:26,040 --> 00:10:29,090 known as Guay. 115 00:10:29,170 --> 00:10:30,290 The Guay people have lived in 116 00:10:30,380 --> 00:10:32,000 Surin province near the border 117 00:10:32,090 --> 00:10:33,460 with Cambodia for many 118 00:10:33,840 --> 00:10:36,060 centuries. 119 00:10:36,130 --> 00:10:37,260 They were famous as wild 120 00:10:37,340 --> 00:10:39,260 elephant catchers, and the men 121 00:10:39,340 --> 00:10:40,310 who hunted elephants were 122 00:10:40,390 --> 00:10:44,270 honoured. 123 00:10:44,350 --> 00:10:47,350 It was a dangerous way of life 124 00:10:47,430 --> 00:10:49,280 filled with secret rituals and 125 00:10:49,350 --> 00:10:51,320 mysterious beliefs. 126 00:10:53,520 --> 00:10:55,030 The Guay would train their 127 00:10:55,110 --> 00:10:57,080 captives and sell them as beasts 128 00:10:57,150 --> 00:11:00,030 of burden for use in logging and 129 00:11:00,030 --> 00:11:04,960 transportation. 130 00:11:05,030 --> 00:11:07,000 Eventually, there were no more 131 00:11:07,080 --> 00:11:13,300 wild elephants left to catch. 132 00:11:13,380 --> 00:11:16,380 A ban on logging in 1989 and 133 00:11:16,460 --> 00:11:18,060 left over 2,000 captive 134 00:11:18,130 --> 00:11:20,010 elephants and their human 135 00:11:20,090 --> 00:11:23,270 families out of work. 136 00:11:23,340 --> 00:11:25,890 Tourism was the only legal work 137 00:11:25,970 --> 00:11:27,270 left for the once proud 138 00:11:27,350 --> 00:11:30,480 elephant catchers. 139 00:11:31,480 --> 00:11:36,480 (♪♪♪) 140 00:12:02,380 --> 00:12:03,380 >> Narrator: For thousands 141 00:12:03,470 --> 00:12:05,020 of years, 142 00:12:05,090 --> 00:12:06,060 elephants have played a 143 00:12:06,140 --> 00:12:10,270 central role in Asian culture, 144 00:12:10,350 --> 00:12:17,070 and nowhere more than Thailand. 145 00:12:17,150 --> 00:12:18,070 The use of elephants in 146 00:12:18,150 --> 00:12:20,240 transportation and logging once 147 00:12:20,320 --> 00:12:21,320 helped to build the 148 00:12:21,400 --> 00:12:26,580 natio♪s economy. 149 00:12:26,990 --> 00:12:28,330 They were Thailand's equivalent 150 00:12:28,410 --> 00:12:30,080 of heavy machinery and they were 151 00:12:30,160 --> 00:12:32,460 used in warfare to defend the 152 00:12:32,540 --> 00:12:35,010 natio♪s freedom and conquer 153 00:12:35,080 --> 00:12:37,050 it's enemies. 154 00:12:38,340 --> 00:12:43,310 (♪♪♪) 155 00:12:43,970 --> 00:12:44,470 >> Narrator: Elephants are the 156 00:12:44,510 --> 00:12:45,560 number of one attraction 157 00:12:45,970 --> 00:12:48,270 in the tourism industry. 158 00:12:48,350 --> 00:12:49,310 A business that brings 159 00:12:49,390 --> 00:12:51,390 $40 billion into Thailand 160 00:12:51,470 --> 00:12:56,570 every year. 161 00:12:56,980 --> 00:12:58,400 The annual festival in Surin 162 00:12:58,480 --> 00:12:59,280 is the place where people 163 00:12:59,320 --> 00:13:04,070 buy and sell elephants 164 00:13:04,150 --> 00:13:06,030 and elephant parts like 165 00:13:06,110 --> 00:13:10,340 skin, bones, and ivory. 166 00:13:10,410 --> 00:13:12,290 (♪♪♪) 167 00:13:17,540 --> 00:13:19,420 >> Under the transport act, 168 00:13:19,500 --> 00:13:21,100 the owner of an elephant is 169 00:13:21,170 --> 00:13:24,090 allowed to dispose the carcass 170 00:13:24,170 --> 00:13:25,390 or any parts of the elephant 171 00:13:25,470 --> 00:13:27,430 after it dies or even some 172 00:13:27,510 --> 00:13:30,350 parts when it's still alive 173 00:13:30,430 --> 00:13:33,060 anyway they like. 174 00:13:33,140 --> 00:13:34,480 It's not illegal to sell the 175 00:13:34,560 --> 00:13:38,230 tusks from a domestic elephant. 176 00:13:38,310 --> 00:13:39,240 Well, how can you tell the 177 00:13:39,310 --> 00:13:41,190 difference between ivory from 178 00:13:41,270 --> 00:13:43,030 a domestic elephant and ivory 179 00:13:43,110 --> 00:13:44,080 from a wild elephant? 180 00:13:44,150 --> 00:13:47,500 Of course, it's impossible. 181 00:13:47,570 --> 00:13:48,320 >> Narrator: Selling ivory from 182 00:13:48,360 --> 00:13:50,040 these domestic elephants is 183 00:13:50,120 --> 00:13:52,040 currently allowed. 184 00:13:52,120 --> 00:13:53,090 But the trade is so poorly 185 00:13:53,160 --> 00:13:55,080 regulated that it has been 186 00:13:55,160 --> 00:13:57,290 exploited as a front to sell 187 00:13:57,370 --> 00:13:59,420 smuggled tusks of African 188 00:13:59,500 --> 00:14:02,420 elephants. 189 00:14:02,500 --> 00:14:06,100 Enabled by a legal loophole, 190 00:14:06,170 --> 00:14:07,220 Thailand is one of the biggest 191 00:14:07,300 --> 00:14:09,100 markets servicing the global 192 00:14:09,180 --> 00:14:13,270 ivory trade. 193 00:14:13,350 --> 00:14:15,100 The loophole threatens not only 194 00:14:15,180 --> 00:14:17,190 Asian elephants in Thailand but 195 00:14:17,270 --> 00:14:20,400 all elephants worldwide. 196 00:14:33,530 --> 00:14:34,160 >> Narrator: The elephant's 197 00:14:34,240 --> 00:14:38,090 popularity is also 198 00:14:38,160 --> 00:14:39,460 their misfortunate. 199 00:14:39,540 --> 00:14:42,590 (♪♪♪) 200 00:14:42,670 --> 00:14:44,090 The growing demand for elephants 201 00:14:44,170 --> 00:14:45,390 in Thailand's tourism 202 00:14:45,460 --> 00:14:48,090 industry is supplied by an 203 00:14:48,170 --> 00:14:50,470 elephant population that 204 00:14:50,550 --> 00:14:54,430 is now endangered. 205 00:14:55,350 --> 00:15:03,110 (♪♪♪) 206 00:15:41,230 --> 00:15:43,400 >> Narrator: Wok is a mahout 207 00:15:43,480 --> 00:15:45,070 which is the name for someone 208 00:15:45,150 --> 00:15:50,660 who looks after elephants. 209 00:15:50,740 --> 00:15:51,490 Being a mahout was once a 210 00:15:51,570 --> 00:15:55,620 respected job. 211 00:15:55,700 --> 00:15:57,120 But the traditional ways of 212 00:15:57,200 --> 00:16:06,090 elephant keeping are changing. 213 00:16:06,170 --> 00:16:07,140 It's against the law to street 214 00:16:07,210 --> 00:16:11,340 beg with elephants. 215 00:16:11,420 --> 00:16:13,180 So hiding an elephant in the 216 00:16:13,260 --> 00:16:18,560 city is Wok's solution. 217 00:16:20,810 --> 00:16:27,740 (♪♪♪) 218 00:16:27,820 --> 00:16:28,530 >> Narrator: A good hideaway 219 00:16:28,610 --> 00:16:29,400 lowers the risk of 220 00:16:29,480 --> 00:16:31,410 getting arrested and increases 221 00:16:31,490 --> 00:16:35,830 the chances of making money. 222 00:16:36,200 --> 00:16:41,200 (♪♪♪) 223 00:18:15,340 --> 00:18:15,840 >> Narrator: Elephants spend 224 00:18:15,880 --> 00:18:18,430 most of the day eating. 225 00:18:18,510 --> 00:18:19,760 To stay healthy, Nong Mai has to 226 00:18:19,840 --> 00:18:21,690 eat over 5% of her body 227 00:18:21,760 --> 00:18:25,520 weight per day- 228 00:18:26,310 --> 00:18:31,310 (♪♪♪) 229 00:18:37,360 --> 00:18:42,360 [laughter] 230 00:18:48,330 --> 00:18:49,420 The day-to-day chores of 231 00:18:49,500 --> 00:18:50,970 elephant keeping builds 232 00:18:51,330 --> 00:18:54,300 a relationship. 233 00:18:54,380 --> 00:18:55,550 A relationship that could last 234 00:18:55,630 --> 00:18:59,390 a lifetime. 235 00:18:59,470 --> 00:19:01,600 >> Whether you believe or not 236 00:19:01,680 --> 00:19:02,640 that they should be in 237 00:19:02,720 --> 00:19:04,350 captivity, they are in 238 00:19:04,430 --> 00:19:05,850 captivity. 239 00:19:05,930 --> 00:19:06,980 And it's a relationship that 240 00:19:07,350 --> 00:19:10,730 goes back at least 4,000 years, 241 00:19:10,810 --> 00:19:14,740 and my own feeling is -- 242 00:19:14,820 --> 00:19:16,740 surmised, unscientific -- is 243 00:19:16,820 --> 00:19:18,320 that I think it probably goes 244 00:19:18,400 --> 00:19:22,750 back to the paleolithic. 245 00:19:22,820 --> 00:19:25,580 So political correctness says, 246 00:19:25,660 --> 00:19:26,790 No, they should not be kept in 247 00:19:26,870 --> 00:19:28,370 captivity. 248 00:19:28,450 --> 00:19:31,880 But we have this relationship 249 00:19:31,960 --> 00:19:33,430 with them that goes back a 250 00:19:33,500 --> 00:19:37,930 millennia and it's fascinating. 251 00:19:38,010 --> 00:19:42,730 And, you know, why and how did 252 00:19:42,800 --> 00:19:47,560 this relationship happen? 253 00:19:48,890 --> 00:19:55,400 [elephants trumpeting] 254 00:19:55,650 --> 00:19:56,370 >> Narrator: It's been said that 255 00:19:56,440 --> 00:19:57,570 Buddha was born as an elephant 256 00:19:57,650 --> 00:20:01,780 in a previous life. 257 00:20:01,860 --> 00:20:06,740 (♪♪♪) 258 00:20:06,830 --> 00:20:07,540 >> Narrator: Buddha's believe 259 00:20:07,620 --> 00:20:09,670 the qualities of the elephant 260 00:20:09,750 --> 00:20:11,000 -- their empathy, patience, 261 00:20:11,410 --> 00:20:13,710 and strength -- are essential 262 00:20:13,790 --> 00:20:15,510 attributes to follow on 263 00:20:15,580 --> 00:20:17,930 the path to enlightenment. 264 00:20:18,880 --> 00:20:23,880 (♪♪♪) 265 00:20:30,520 --> 00:20:32,860 >> Every Thai man is expected 266 00:20:32,940 --> 00:20:34,690 to be ordained as a Buddhist 267 00:20:34,810 --> 00:20:36,560 monk for three months during 268 00:20:36,650 --> 00:20:38,620 his lifetime. 269 00:20:38,690 --> 00:20:39,910 (♪♪♪) 270 00:21:01,920 --> 00:21:06,920 (♪♪♪) 271 00:21:33,910 --> 00:21:38,910 (♪♪♪) 272 00:22:14,830 --> 00:22:15,750 >> Before they're ordained to 273 00:22:15,830 --> 00:22:16,920 go through this three months 274 00:22:17,000 --> 00:22:21,590 process, they make these 275 00:22:21,670 --> 00:22:23,050 charming but gawdy costumes, 276 00:22:23,130 --> 00:22:25,930 you know, with kinda 277 00:22:26,010 --> 00:22:27,880 really cheap cloth and coloured 278 00:22:27,970 --> 00:22:31,810 paper and gold foil crowns. 279 00:22:31,890 --> 00:22:33,100 They are meant to be like the 280 00:22:33,180 --> 00:22:36,780 Buddha himself who was a prince. 281 00:22:36,850 --> 00:22:38,100 He was due to be a king, and he 282 00:22:38,520 --> 00:22:40,610 gave it all up to meditate. 283 00:22:40,690 --> 00:22:41,910 So they dress the boys up like 284 00:22:41,980 --> 00:22:42,860 him, so when they ride to be 285 00:22:42,940 --> 00:22:45,660 ordained, they have to be on the 286 00:22:45,730 --> 00:22:47,990 back of an elephant. 287 00:22:48,070 --> 00:22:48,950 In some villages in the old 288 00:22:49,030 --> 00:22:49,910 days, if you did♪t have an 289 00:22:49,990 --> 00:22:51,580 elephant you'd use a horse. 290 00:22:51,660 --> 00:22:52,910 If you did♪t have a horse, 291 00:22:52,990 --> 00:22:53,960 you'd ride on the shoulders of a 292 00:22:54,030 --> 00:22:59,090 friend to be ordained as a monk. 293 00:22:59,160 --> 00:23:00,040 So the elephants play a really 294 00:23:00,120 --> 00:23:03,090 simple role. 295 00:23:03,170 --> 00:23:04,920 It's a lovely image, 296 00:23:05,000 --> 00:23:07,600 and it's fun to be there. 297 00:23:07,670 --> 00:23:10,020 It's nice to see, but there's no 298 00:23:10,090 --> 00:23:11,890 way you can support a family on 299 00:23:11,970 --> 00:23:14,970 these events. 300 00:23:16,680 --> 00:23:21,980 (♪♪♪) 301 00:23:22,060 --> 00:23:23,030 >> When you talk to the 302 00:23:23,110 --> 00:23:24,950 Guay, Why are you bringing this 303 00:23:25,020 --> 00:23:26,820 elephant into the city? 304 00:23:26,900 --> 00:23:28,070 Do♪t you know it's horrible? 305 00:23:28,150 --> 00:23:29,070 Do♪t you know it's wrong? 306 00:23:29,150 --> 00:23:30,950 And often they will be, 307 00:23:31,030 --> 00:23:32,000 Yeah, sure. 308 00:23:32,070 --> 00:23:33,040 We know that. 309 00:23:33,120 --> 00:23:36,670 But at home there is no work for 310 00:23:36,740 --> 00:23:39,040 the men and there's no food or 311 00:23:39,120 --> 00:23:40,750 water for the elephants, 312 00:23:40,830 --> 00:23:41,800 so, therefore, we're forced 313 00:23:41,870 --> 00:23:45,050 to do this. 314 00:23:45,130 --> 00:23:46,220 Street monitoring enabled them 315 00:23:46,670 --> 00:23:48,050 to just work by themselves, to 316 00:23:48,130 --> 00:23:51,010 not have a boss, and that's when 317 00:23:51,090 --> 00:23:52,760 the street wandering into 318 00:23:52,840 --> 00:23:55,190 Bangkok started. 319 00:23:56,220 --> 00:23:59,020 (♪♪♪) 320 00:24:05,770 --> 00:24:10,770 (♪♪♪) 321 00:24:58,740 --> 00:25:02,250 (♪♪♪) 322 00:25:02,330 --> 00:25:07,330 [rain falling] 323 00:25:19,180 --> 00:25:24,180 (♪♪♪) 324 00:25:41,080 --> 00:25:46,080 (♪♪♪) 325 00:26:57,860 --> 00:27:02,860 [thunder] 326 00:27:45,910 --> 00:27:48,330 (♪♪♪) 327 00:28:28,080 --> 00:28:29,370 >> Narrator: Wok took Nong Mai 328 00:28:29,450 --> 00:28:30,580 when she was just 3 years old 329 00:28:30,660 --> 00:28:32,160 to work in his Uncle's Saweang's 330 00:28:32,250 --> 00:28:34,500 illegal elephant camp on the 331 00:28:34,920 --> 00:28:39,390 outskirts of Bangkok. 332 00:28:40,510 --> 00:28:44,260 [birds chirping] 333 00:28:46,090 --> 00:28:48,270 (♪♪♪) 334 00:28:48,350 --> 00:28:53,020 ♪ You want and you dream. 335 00:28:53,100 --> 00:28:59,230 You smile and it seems. 336 00:28:59,320 --> 00:29:02,290 The day's so long and clean 337 00:29:02,360 --> 00:29:08,410 when you're young. 338 00:29:08,490 --> 00:29:11,000 You laugh. 339 00:29:11,080 --> 00:29:13,380 You scheme. 340 00:29:13,460 --> 00:29:15,080 You chase down the 341 00:29:15,170 --> 00:29:19,340 first moonbeam. 342 00:29:19,420 --> 00:29:22,420 The nights too soon it seems 343 00:29:22,510 --> 00:29:30,270 when you're young. 344 00:29:30,350 --> 00:29:35,320 It feels so warm lying in your 345 00:29:35,390 --> 00:29:38,150 mother's arms. 346 00:29:38,230 --> 00:29:40,200 Nothing can hurt you. 347 00:29:40,270 --> 00:29:43,370 You're free from harm when 348 00:29:43,440 --> 00:29:44,950 You're young. 349 00:29:45,030 --> 00:29:48,080 You fall asleep and hope you 350 00:29:48,160 --> 00:29:50,500 wake a bit older and then 351 00:29:50,580 --> 00:29:54,960 you'll know. 352 00:29:55,040 --> 00:29:58,130 All that you did♪t know when 353 00:29:58,210 --> 00:30:06,010 you were young. 354 00:30:06,090 --> 00:30:11,020 But now your lost, lying in some 355 00:30:11,100 --> 00:30:13,390 stranger's arms. 356 00:30:13,470 --> 00:30:15,480 No one beside you. 357 00:30:15,560 --> 00:30:22,320 No one to guide you from now on. 358 00:30:22,400 --> 00:30:27,400 (♪♪♪) 359 00:30:41,170 --> 00:30:44,670 You're all alone. 360 00:30:45,090 --> 00:30:48,430 Moved so far away from home. 361 00:30:48,510 --> 00:30:51,260 You're out in the world. 362 00:30:51,350 --> 00:30:53,440 Out on your own. 363 00:30:53,510 --> 00:30:55,440 You're thinking, why does 364 00:30:55,520 --> 00:30:58,390 everything hurt? 365 00:30:58,480 --> 00:31:00,350 Do♪t want to admit. 366 00:31:00,440 --> 00:31:03,570 You planned all of it. 367 00:31:03,650 --> 00:31:05,150 Ithappenedlong 368 00:31:05,230 --> 00:31:08,490 before you knew it. 369 00:31:08,570 --> 00:31:10,410 You ca♪t rewind. 370 00:31:10,490 --> 00:31:15,460 You've run out of time. 371 00:31:15,540 --> 00:31:18,510 You wake up and you're old. 372 00:31:18,580 --> 00:31:21,080 Your life behind you. 373 00:31:21,170 --> 00:31:25,590 Your story told. 374 00:31:25,670 --> 00:31:29,100 Your memories unfold to when 375 00:31:29,170 --> 00:31:34,560 you were young. 376 00:31:34,640 --> 00:31:37,390 To the beach. 377 00:31:37,470 --> 00:31:40,070 The fair. 378 00:31:40,140 --> 00:31:45,490 The sunshine's in sweeter air. 379 00:31:45,570 --> 00:31:49,410 Nothing can compare to when 380 00:31:49,490 --> 00:31:56,240 You're young. 381 00:31:56,330 --> 00:32:00,550 When you were -- when you were 382 00:32:00,620 --> 00:32:05,620 -- when you were young 383 00:32:20,390 --> 00:32:21,140 >> Narrator: Elephants spend 384 00:32:21,180 --> 00:32:24,110 nearly two years in the womb. 385 00:32:24,190 --> 00:32:25,400 The longest pregnancy of 386 00:32:25,480 --> 00:32:29,080 any animal. 387 00:32:29,150 --> 00:32:30,740 This long gestation means that 388 00:32:31,150 --> 00:32:34,250 they can walk just after birth 389 00:32:34,320 --> 00:32:35,410 and immediately begin to sense 390 00:32:35,490 --> 00:32:40,340 the world around them. 391 00:32:40,410 --> 00:32:42,090 Most Asian elephants can live 392 00:32:42,160 --> 00:32:44,460 over 7O years. 393 00:32:44,540 --> 00:32:47,090 But like all wild elephants, 394 00:32:47,170 --> 00:32:52,680 her destiny is now challenged. 395 00:32:52,760 --> 00:32:54,130 Instead of living peacefully 396 00:32:54,220 --> 00:32:55,140 with her mother, she could be 397 00:32:55,220 --> 00:32:57,190 captured and taken from her 398 00:32:57,260 --> 00:33:03,520 family to work for humans. 399 00:33:03,600 --> 00:33:05,150 >> Traditionally, anywhere in 400 00:33:05,230 --> 00:33:07,400 Asia, people prefer not to 401 00:33:07,480 --> 00:33:09,150 breed elephants. 402 00:33:09,230 --> 00:33:10,700 Not because it was impossible 403 00:33:10,780 --> 00:33:14,750 because they breed quite easily. 404 00:33:14,820 --> 00:33:16,410 The trouble with breeding 405 00:33:16,490 --> 00:33:21,840 elephants is if you breed a 406 00:33:22,160 --> 00:33:25,380 female you're gonna lose a lot 407 00:33:25,460 --> 00:33:27,760 of productive work from her 408 00:33:27,830 --> 00:33:29,260 during the late stages of 409 00:33:29,340 --> 00:33:30,630 pregnancy and when she's 410 00:33:30,710 --> 00:33:32,760 nursing the calf. 411 00:33:32,840 --> 00:33:34,720 Whereas if you capture a wild 412 00:33:34,800 --> 00:33:36,550 elephant then you can get the 413 00:33:36,640 --> 00:33:37,760 elephant when it's seven or 414 00:33:37,840 --> 00:33:38,810 eight years old. 415 00:33:38,890 --> 00:33:40,760 So that's seven or eight years 416 00:33:40,850 --> 00:33:43,400 of work that you do♪t have to 417 00:33:43,480 --> 00:33:47,820 put into caring for that calf. 418 00:33:48,360 --> 00:33:54,830 (♪♪♪) 419 00:33:55,530 --> 00:33:56,370 >> Narrator: Capturing wild 420 00:33:56,450 --> 00:33:57,740 elephants from their rapidly 421 00:33:57,820 --> 00:33:59,790 shrinking habitats has 422 00:33:59,870 --> 00:34:01,580 accelerated the decline of the 423 00:34:01,660 --> 00:34:05,590 wild elephant population. 424 00:34:05,660 --> 00:34:07,260 The price of an elephant has 425 00:34:07,330 --> 00:34:08,380 more than tripled over the 426 00:34:08,460 --> 00:34:10,760 past 15 years. 427 00:34:10,840 --> 00:34:13,840 Today, it costs over $30,000 to 428 00:34:14,260 --> 00:34:16,810 buy one baby elephant. 429 00:34:16,880 --> 00:34:18,350 Even though wild elephants 430 00:34:18,430 --> 00:34:19,300 are protected by law in 431 00:34:19,390 --> 00:34:21,390 Thailand, the weak enforcement 432 00:34:21,470 --> 00:34:23,640 of regulations enables the 433 00:34:23,720 --> 00:34:24,820 illegal capturing and 434 00:34:24,890 --> 00:34:29,900 trading to continue. 435 00:34:30,310 --> 00:34:30,810 Sometimes the mother elephants 436 00:34:30,860 --> 00:34:32,610 are injured or killed while 437 00:34:32,690 --> 00:34:34,790 trying to protect their calfs. 438 00:34:34,860 --> 00:34:38,830 [truck engine] 439 00:34:46,830 --> 00:34:48,750 >> We've never had the situation 440 00:34:48,830 --> 00:34:51,380 where the number of baby 441 00:34:51,460 --> 00:34:53,550 elephants born in captivity has 442 00:34:53,630 --> 00:34:55,880 been sufficient to meet the 443 00:34:56,300 --> 00:34:58,430 demand for young and baby 444 00:34:58,510 --> 00:35:02,760 elephants in the tourism sector. 445 00:35:02,850 --> 00:35:03,850 So that has led to, you know, 446 00:35:03,930 --> 00:35:06,310 illegal capture of elephants in 447 00:35:06,390 --> 00:35:08,560 the wild in Thailand. 448 00:35:08,640 --> 00:35:09,610 But as that has gotten more and 449 00:35:09,690 --> 00:35:10,730 more difficult with better 450 00:35:10,810 --> 00:35:12,780 protection, it's illegal 451 00:35:12,860 --> 00:35:14,530 smuggling of elephants across 452 00:35:14,610 --> 00:35:15,780 the borders from Laos and 453 00:35:15,860 --> 00:35:19,740 from Myanmar. 454 00:35:19,820 --> 00:35:20,790 You know, because what everybody 455 00:35:20,860 --> 00:35:22,660 wants in the tourism industry is 456 00:35:22,740 --> 00:35:24,710 a baby elephant to have around 457 00:35:24,780 --> 00:35:26,790 their hotel because it's so cute 458 00:35:26,870 --> 00:35:29,420 and the guests like it. 459 00:35:29,500 --> 00:35:30,920 After they grow up, okay, then 460 00:35:31,330 --> 00:35:32,930 maybe, you know, they do♪t want 461 00:35:33,340 --> 00:35:35,300 them around the hotel anymore. 462 00:35:35,380 --> 00:35:36,430 They ca♪t go into the logging 463 00:35:36,500 --> 00:35:37,600 industry because it does♪t 464 00:35:37,670 --> 00:35:39,770 exist anymore. 465 00:35:39,840 --> 00:35:41,340 So that's when they go into this 466 00:35:41,430 --> 00:35:43,850 street begging or other, you 467 00:35:43,930 --> 00:35:45,650 know, travelling circuses and 468 00:35:45,720 --> 00:35:51,480 things like that. 469 00:35:51,940 --> 00:35:53,560 Well, owners do♪t need to work. 470 00:35:53,650 --> 00:35:54,820 They can do just fine 471 00:35:54,900 --> 00:35:56,400 not working. 472 00:35:56,480 --> 00:35:59,580 But the fact is, in some senses, 473 00:35:59,650 --> 00:36:01,750 it's a symbiotic relationship 474 00:36:01,820 --> 00:36:04,500 and practically speaking in 475 00:36:04,570 --> 00:36:05,790 Thailand, every elephant has 476 00:36:05,870 --> 00:36:07,460 to take care of at least 477 00:36:07,540 --> 00:36:10,880 one and maybe two extended 478 00:36:10,960 --> 00:36:12,710 human families. 479 00:36:12,790 --> 00:36:13,840 So money is needed. 480 00:36:13,920 --> 00:36:15,540 (♪♪♪) 481 00:36:27,890 --> 00:36:32,890 (♪♪♪) 482 00:37:13,850 --> 00:37:18,850 (♪♪♪) 483 00:37:31,490 --> 00:37:32,840 >> We hear a lot, like, 484 00:37:32,910 --> 00:37:34,880 say from animal right's people 485 00:37:34,960 --> 00:37:36,830 saying, you know, If you go to 486 00:37:36,920 --> 00:37:38,590 Thailand, do♪t go to an 487 00:37:38,670 --> 00:37:39,840 elephant show, do♪t take an 488 00:37:39,920 --> 00:37:40,970 elephant ride. 489 00:37:41,050 --> 00:37:42,670 It's demeaning to the elephant. 490 00:37:42,760 --> 00:37:43,760 It's dangerous to the elephant, 491 00:37:43,840 --> 00:37:44,890 et cetera, et cetera. 492 00:37:44,970 --> 00:37:47,970 What they do♪t realize is that 493 00:37:48,050 --> 00:37:49,900 it's the only legal form of work 494 00:37:49,970 --> 00:37:52,690 in Thailand. 495 00:37:53,770 --> 00:37:54,860 (♪♪♪) 496 00:37:55,940 --> 00:37:56,900 >> Narrator: Under the Draft 497 00:37:56,980 --> 00:37:59,570 Animal Act of 1939, 498 00:37:59,650 --> 00:38:00,900 captive elephants have to be 499 00:38:00,980 --> 00:38:01,980 registered when they are 500 00:38:02,070 --> 00:38:04,440 8 years old. 501 00:38:04,530 --> 00:38:05,740 This is a loophole that enables 502 00:38:05,820 --> 00:38:07,490 young elephants caught from the 503 00:38:07,570 --> 00:38:09,620 wild to be laundered into the 504 00:38:09,700 --> 00:38:11,700 tourism industry with phony 505 00:38:11,790 --> 00:38:15,460 registration papers. 506 00:38:15,540 --> 00:38:16,630 >> Captive elephants, or so 507 00:38:16,710 --> 00:38:18,710 called domestic elephants, 508 00:38:18,790 --> 00:38:20,640 come under the jurisdiction of 509 00:38:20,710 --> 00:38:23,090 the transport law as beasts 510 00:38:23,510 --> 00:38:24,630 of burden. 511 00:38:24,710 --> 00:38:25,930 And this is a law that dates 512 00:38:26,010 --> 00:38:29,180 from the 1920s or 1930s and is 513 00:38:29,550 --> 00:38:32,900 completely outdated. 514 00:38:32,970 --> 00:38:35,070 The problem with this is it does 515 00:38:35,140 --> 00:38:39,490 provide a number of loopholes, 516 00:38:39,560 --> 00:38:41,030 so it's very easy to illegally 517 00:38:41,110 --> 00:38:43,570 smuggle an elephant from a 518 00:38:43,650 --> 00:38:44,740 neighbouring country or steal 519 00:38:44,820 --> 00:38:46,570 one from the forest. 520 00:38:46,650 --> 00:38:47,750 You've got several years to 521 00:38:47,820 --> 00:38:49,740 train it. 522 00:38:49,820 --> 00:38:51,040 You do♪t actually have to prove 523 00:38:51,120 --> 00:38:52,740 where it was born. 524 00:38:52,830 --> 00:38:54,040 You do♪t have to demonstrate 525 00:38:54,120 --> 00:38:54,870 which elephants where 526 00:38:54,950 --> 00:38:57,130 it's parents. 527 00:38:57,750 --> 00:39:00,130 (♪♪♪) 528 00:39:15,890 --> 00:39:16,940 >> 90% of those animals 529 00:39:17,020 --> 00:39:20,570 are privately owned. 530 00:39:20,650 --> 00:39:21,940 Privately owned. 531 00:39:22,020 --> 00:39:23,990 And this is, well, 532 00:39:24,070 --> 00:39:25,740 it is officially an 533 00:39:25,820 --> 00:39:28,540 endangered species. 534 00:39:28,610 --> 00:39:30,160 It's an extremely bizarre 535 00:39:30,570 --> 00:39:33,670 situation where you have this 536 00:39:33,740 --> 00:39:35,740 big dangerous endangered species 537 00:39:35,830 --> 00:39:44,960 in private homes. 538 00:39:50,970 --> 00:39:51,890 >> Narrator: The human need to 539 00:39:51,970 --> 00:39:55,190 expand has changed the landscape 540 00:39:55,640 --> 00:40:01,900 of the illegal elephant camp. 541 00:40:01,980 --> 00:40:03,570 Even Uncle Saweang's 542 00:40:03,650 --> 00:40:04,900 street elephants have lost 543 00:40:04,980 --> 00:40:07,910 their habitat. 544 00:40:07,980 --> 00:40:08,910 Finding a new hideaway will 545 00:40:08,990 --> 00:40:12,990 be a challenge. 546 00:40:13,070 --> 00:40:14,750 Even if he wanted to return to 547 00:40:14,820 --> 00:40:17,000 his home and take up farming, 548 00:40:17,080 --> 00:40:20,920 Uncle Saweang cannot. 549 00:40:21,000 --> 00:40:21,920 He had to mortgage the family's 550 00:40:22,000 --> 00:40:28,100 land to buy his own elephants. 551 00:40:28,170 --> 00:40:29,920 And to make ends meet, he has 552 00:40:30,010 --> 00:40:31,130 rented elephants from other 553 00:40:31,220 --> 00:40:38,720 owners to increase his revenue. 554 00:40:38,810 --> 00:40:40,730 Because he is so deeply in debt 555 00:40:40,810 --> 00:40:42,060 Uncle Saweang has little choice 556 00:40:42,140 --> 00:40:45,690 but to keep going. 557 00:40:48,820 --> 00:40:50,690 (♪♪♪) 558 00:41:18,890 --> 00:41:19,940 >> A lot of the elephants 559 00:41:20,010 --> 00:41:20,980 that you find in the streets 560 00:41:21,060 --> 00:41:23,900 of Bangkok now are essentially 561 00:41:23,980 --> 00:41:25,900 rental elephants. 562 00:41:25,980 --> 00:41:30,160 They're the Asian equivalent of 563 00:41:30,230 --> 00:41:33,910 Hertz rent an elephant. 564 00:41:33,990 --> 00:41:34,910 Hey, if it's your own elephants 565 00:41:34,990 --> 00:41:35,910 you're gonna be careful of it in 566 00:41:35,990 --> 00:41:37,910 traffic, you're gonna make sure 567 00:41:37,990 --> 00:41:40,160 that it gets natural foods, the 568 00:41:40,240 --> 00:41:42,340 health of the elephant is gonna 569 00:41:42,750 --> 00:41:43,840 be paramount to the dollars 570 00:41:43,910 --> 00:41:46,090 that come in. 571 00:41:46,170 --> 00:41:47,340 But that formula changes 572 00:41:47,750 --> 00:41:49,090 somewhat if everybody is 573 00:41:49,170 --> 00:41:50,090 around the elephant. 574 00:41:50,170 --> 00:41:51,220 Everybody that's bringing that 575 00:41:51,300 --> 00:41:53,010 elephant into Bangkok. 576 00:41:53,090 --> 00:41:58,350 It's not my elephant. 577 00:41:59,100 --> 00:41:59,940 They have to watch out 578 00:42:00,050 --> 00:42:00,680 to some extent because 579 00:42:00,760 --> 00:42:01,360 they're still going to be 580 00:42:01,430 --> 00:42:02,980 responsible to that owner, 581 00:42:03,060 --> 00:42:03,980 who is, you know, 582 00:42:04,020 --> 00:42:06,940 often the equivalent of 583 00:42:07,020 --> 00:42:09,820 charitably a big businessman 584 00:42:09,900 --> 00:42:12,900 but less charitably often 585 00:42:12,980 --> 00:42:14,990 a kind of a -- 586 00:42:15,070 --> 00:42:17,910 I would♪t say mafia but a, 587 00:42:17,990 --> 00:42:23,840 you know, a local power lord. 588 00:42:24,330 --> 00:42:34,010 (♪♪♪) 589 00:42:35,050 --> 00:42:35,970 >> Narrator: A street begging 590 00:42:36,050 --> 00:42:37,350 elephant makes about 591 00:42:37,760 --> 00:42:40,100 $200 per night. 592 00:42:40,180 --> 00:42:40,930 This business makes a lot 593 00:42:41,010 --> 00:42:43,890 of money. 594 00:42:44,970 --> 00:42:51,980 (♪♪♪) 595 00:42:52,980 --> 00:42:54,030 >> Narrator: Whether it's for 596 00:42:54,110 --> 00:42:56,080 love, or pity, or even 597 00:42:56,150 --> 00:42:59,200 just curiosity, people will 598 00:42:59,280 --> 00:43:01,080 always pay money to see the 599 00:43:01,160 --> 00:43:05,130 elephants perform. 600 00:43:05,200 --> 00:43:06,920 And the elephants have no choice 601 00:43:07,000 --> 00:43:12,250 but to go along with the deal. 602 00:43:13,250 --> 00:43:18,250 (♪♪♪) 603 00:43:31,060 --> 00:43:31,980 >> I mean the problem is, 604 00:43:32,060 --> 00:43:33,060 you know, people right now 605 00:43:33,150 --> 00:43:34,770 have a reverence and a love 606 00:43:34,860 --> 00:43:36,200 for elephants. 607 00:43:36,280 --> 00:43:37,780 It may not be expressed in the 608 00:43:37,860 --> 00:43:38,360 right We)'- 609 00:43:38,820 --> 00:43:39,790 I mean, this street begging, 610 00:43:39,860 --> 00:43:41,160 for example, because people have 611 00:43:41,240 --> 00:43:43,040 that reverence then they buy a 612 00:43:43,120 --> 00:43:45,080 pineapple, they buy a banana too 613 00:43:45,160 --> 00:43:47,330 -- to feed the elephant. 614 00:43:47,410 --> 00:43:49,790 That's not helping in the long 615 00:43:49,870 --> 00:43:53,130 term really. 616 00:43:54,090 --> 00:43:59,390 (♪♪♪) 617 00:44:00,050 --> 00:44:01,270 >> They really know what 618 00:44:01,340 --> 00:44:02,390 a job is. 619 00:44:02,470 --> 00:44:04,060 If you set them to do something, 620 00:44:04,140 --> 00:44:08,230 it could be as real and earnest 621 00:44:08,310 --> 00:44:12,060 as dragging a I09 " 622 00:44:12,900 --> 00:44:17,900 [elephants trumpeting] 623 00:44:33,080 --> 00:44:34,250 >> -- Or as trivial as making 624 00:44:34,330 --> 00:44:37,010 a painting. 625 00:44:37,090 --> 00:44:38,130 They know what a job is. 626 00:44:38,210 --> 00:44:40,060 They know about the beginning of 627 00:44:40,130 --> 00:44:43,260 a job, the end of a job. 628 00:44:43,340 --> 00:44:45,140 So you end up with these 629 00:44:45,220 --> 00:44:47,220 almost contractual relationships 630 00:44:47,310 --> 00:44:50,150 with them. 631 00:44:50,220 --> 00:44:56,150 [man shouting] 632 00:44:56,230 --> 00:44:57,110 >> The standard thought when you 633 00:44:57,190 --> 00:45:00,410 think of domesticated elephants, 634 00:45:00,480 --> 00:45:01,950 how did it ever happen? 635 00:45:02,030 --> 00:45:05,500 And most people go, Gee, how did 636 00:45:05,950 --> 00:45:09,040 man, such a puny little species, 637 00:45:09,120 --> 00:45:11,290 tame this beast. 638 00:45:11,370 --> 00:45:13,090 This -- you know, 10- 11- 639 00:45:13,160 --> 00:45:17,340 12-foot tall at the shoulder. 640 00:45:18,250 --> 00:45:22,220 (♪♪♪) 641 00:45:23,260 --> 00:45:24,510 >> Narrator: Many people believe 642 00:45:24,930 --> 00:45:25,970 that to teach the elephants 643 00:45:26,050 --> 00:45:28,520 to obey humans, requires 644 00:45:28,930 --> 00:45:30,060 the breaking of the 645 00:45:30,140 --> 00:45:34,240 animal's spirit. 646 00:45:34,310 --> 00:45:36,560 This northern Thai ceremony, 647 00:45:36,980 --> 00:45:38,570 known as the phajaan, is 648 00:45:38,980 --> 00:45:40,200 performed when separating the 649 00:45:40,270 --> 00:45:43,030 calf from it's mother. 650 00:45:43,110 --> 00:45:44,110 It's believed that the ceremony 651 00:45:44,200 --> 00:45:45,990 severs their bonds so that the 652 00:45:46,070 --> 00:45:47,540 calf will accept dominance 653 00:45:47,950 --> 00:45:51,540 from humans. 654 00:45:51,950 --> 00:45:53,050 This tradition is not easily 655 00:45:53,120 --> 00:45:55,420 understood. 656 00:45:55,500 --> 00:45:58,090 No one likes to talk about it. 657 00:45:58,290 --> 00:46:02,010 (♪♪♪) 658 00:46:02,550 --> 00:46:04,420 elephants have been subjected 659 00:46:04,510 --> 00:46:06,260 to something similar. 660 00:46:07,180 --> 00:46:09,270 (♪♪♪) 661 00:46:11,310 --> 00:46:12,430 >> Perhaps it's because 662 00:46:12,520 --> 00:46:14,270 elephants do♪t forget. 663 00:46:14,310 --> 00:46:16,110 That respect for this dominance 664 00:46:16,190 --> 00:46:19,030 stays with them, usually, but 665 00:46:19,110 --> 00:46:24,080 not always forever. 666 00:46:34,120 --> 00:46:35,500 >> Remember, the males are just 667 00:46:35,580 --> 00:46:38,250 stone killers and why not? 668 00:46:38,330 --> 00:46:40,050 I would hope if I were in their 669 00:46:40,130 --> 00:46:43,260 situation I would be that way. 670 00:46:43,340 --> 00:46:44,130 I do♪t want to be kept 671 00:46:44,170 --> 00:46:48,300 in chains. 672 00:46:48,380 --> 00:46:49,480 Deep inside -- 673 00:46:49,550 --> 00:46:51,050 genetically, behaviorally -- 674 00:46:51,140 --> 00:46:52,260 they're a wild animal. 675 00:46:52,350 --> 00:46:53,470 Pure and simple. 676 00:46:53,560 --> 00:46:55,020 Therefore, they're exceedingly 677 00:46:55,100 --> 00:46:58,020 dangerous. 678 00:46:58,100 --> 00:46:59,070 If somebody captured you and put 679 00:46:59,150 --> 00:47:00,240 a chain around your foot and 680 00:47:00,310 --> 00:47:01,360 kept you in a room and 681 00:47:01,440 --> 00:47:04,110 funneled food into you, and 682 00:47:04,190 --> 00:47:06,240 there was any chance of your 683 00:47:06,320 --> 00:47:08,070 getting back at your captor, 684 00:47:08,150 --> 00:47:10,370 would you do so? 685 00:47:10,450 --> 00:47:12,250 Certainly would. 686 00:47:12,330 --> 00:47:13,080 That's why elephants 687 00:47:13,160 --> 00:47:15,630 kill people. 688 00:47:16,000 --> 00:47:17,040 They do♪t want to be 689 00:47:17,120 --> 00:47:19,170 where they are. 690 00:47:19,370 --> 00:47:22,250 (♪♪♪) 691 00:47:23,170 --> 00:47:24,090 >> A mahout's relationship 692 00:47:24,170 --> 00:47:25,260 with his own elephant is 693 00:47:25,340 --> 00:47:29,090 often a lifelong bond. 694 00:47:29,180 --> 00:47:30,050 But throughout the years that 695 00:47:30,130 --> 00:47:31,640 they live and work together, 696 00:47:32,050 --> 00:47:34,270 does a mahout's ever really know 697 00:47:34,350 --> 00:47:38,150 what his elephant is thinking? 698 00:47:38,230 --> 00:47:41,150 Every elephant is different. 699 00:47:41,230 --> 00:47:42,230 Working with someone else's 700 00:47:42,310 --> 00:47:46,410 elephant can be very risky. 701 00:47:46,480 --> 00:47:48,030 Such was the case with 702 00:47:48,110 --> 00:47:50,160 Wok's cousin, Sawai, 703 00:47:50,280 --> 00:47:53,410 the son of Uncle Saweang. 704 00:47:53,490 --> 00:47:55,540 One day, he had to take care of 705 00:47:55,620 --> 00:47:58,500 someone else's elephant. 706 00:47:58,580 --> 00:48:00,080 It was an elephant who may have 707 00:48:00,160 --> 00:48:03,420 wanted revenge. 708 00:49:07,650 --> 00:49:10,400 (MI) 709 00:49:25,500 --> 00:49:28,500 (♪♪♪) 710 00:49:54,490 --> 00:49:59,490 (♪♪♪) 711 00:50:20,550 --> 00:50:21,850 >> People often refer to them as 712 00:50:22,220 --> 00:50:24,270 domesticated elephants in which 713 00:50:24,350 --> 00:50:25,730 they're not, you know. 714 00:50:25,810 --> 00:50:27,560 Dogs and cats are domesticated 715 00:50:27,650 --> 00:50:29,690 because we've selectively bred 716 00:50:29,770 --> 00:50:31,190 them over generations and 717 00:50:31,270 --> 00:50:34,370 generations for specific traits. 718 00:50:34,440 --> 00:50:36,700 Nobody has ever selectively bred 719 00:50:36,780 --> 00:50:38,700 elephants over generations and 720 00:50:38,780 --> 00:50:40,250 generations so they are 721 00:50:40,320 --> 00:50:43,750 essentially still wild elephants 722 00:50:43,830 --> 00:50:47,670 in captivity. 723 00:50:48,500 --> 00:50:53,500 (♪♪♪) 724 00:52:02,820 --> 00:52:06,750 (♪♪♪) 725 00:52:06,830 --> 00:52:07,790 >> Narrator: The elephant is 726 00:52:07,870 --> 00:52:11,340 truly a super keystone species. 727 00:52:11,420 --> 00:52:12,590 The living species that takes 728 00:52:12,670 --> 00:52:15,550 care of the forest, and the 729 00:52:15,630 --> 00:52:18,510 reason that Asia has these 730 00:52:18,590 --> 00:52:22,770 lovely tropical forests is 731 00:52:22,840 --> 00:52:24,850 because elephants worked on them 732 00:52:24,930 --> 00:52:28,900 for 20 million years. 733 00:52:28,970 --> 00:52:30,820 And that's why we've these lush, 734 00:52:30,890 --> 00:52:32,940 you know, forests. 735 00:52:33,310 --> 00:52:34,310 Well, we had. 736 00:52:34,400 --> 00:52:36,820 Now, people have started to 737 00:52:36,900 --> 00:52:39,780 outgrow most living things and 738 00:52:39,860 --> 00:52:44,490 started to invade their spaces. 739 00:52:45,370 --> 00:52:50,370 (♪♪♪) 740 00:53:04,010 --> 00:53:06,430 >> Why do♪t we just let them 741 00:53:06,510 --> 00:53:10,520 all go back to the wild? 742 00:53:10,600 --> 00:53:11,820 The scientist term for that is 743 00:53:11,890 --> 00:53:12,810 reintroduction. 744 00:53:12,890 --> 00:53:15,570 To introduce back into the 745 00:53:15,650 --> 00:53:18,820 wilderness, and domesticated 746 00:53:18,900 --> 00:53:20,740 elephants are superb candidates 747 00:53:20,820 --> 00:53:22,740 to be rereleased back into 748 00:53:22,820 --> 00:53:24,660 the wild. 749 00:53:24,740 --> 00:53:26,540 And at that level, I mean, 750 00:53:26,620 --> 00:53:29,490 if it was possible to do so 751 00:53:29,580 --> 00:53:30,920 and there was a button on the 752 00:53:30,990 --> 00:53:31,920 wall that said, 753 00:53:32,000 --> 00:53:33,710 release all elephants, 754 00:53:33,790 --> 00:53:35,920 I would do it in a moment. 755 00:53:36,000 --> 00:53:36,880 Even though it would put me 756 00:53:36,960 --> 00:53:41,810 out of a job. 757 00:53:41,880 --> 00:53:42,630 >> Narrator: There is one 758 00:53:42,670 --> 00:53:43,670 organization that is trying to 759 00:53:43,760 --> 00:53:46,810 do just that. 760 00:53:46,890 --> 00:53:48,010 The Elephant Reintroduction 761 00:53:48,430 --> 00:53:50,560 Foundation of Thailand has been 762 00:53:50,640 --> 00:53:51,860 reintroducing captive elephants 763 00:53:51,930 --> 00:53:52,900 back to the 764 00:53:52,980 --> 00:53:54,940 forest since 2002. 765 00:53:59,860 --> 00:54:02,580 It is an unprecedented project 766 00:54:02,650 --> 00:54:03,950 initiated by her Majesty Queen 767 00:54:04,030 --> 00:54:05,900 Surikit of Thailand. 768 00:54:05,990 --> 00:54:07,460 Not only to help protect the 769 00:54:07,530 --> 00:54:10,710 natio♪s endangered elephants, 770 00:54:10,780 --> 00:54:12,830 but also to help regenerate 771 00:54:12,910 --> 00:54:15,410 the forests. 772 00:54:15,500 --> 00:54:16,590 There have been over 90 773 00:54:16,670 --> 00:54:19,970 elephants released here. 774 00:54:20,920 --> 00:54:21,890 (♪♪♪) 775 00:54:22,670 --> 00:54:23,510 >> By bringing the captive 776 00:54:23,590 --> 00:54:25,970 elephants back into the wild, 777 00:54:26,050 --> 00:54:27,550 reintroducing them into 778 00:54:27,630 --> 00:54:29,760 their natural habitat, 779 00:54:29,850 --> 00:54:31,890 we are trying to help 780 00:54:31,970 --> 00:54:36,980 preserve them from extinction. 781 00:54:37,060 --> 00:54:39,900 Reintroducing them into the 782 00:54:39,980 --> 00:54:42,730 natural habitat is only 50% 783 00:54:42,820 --> 00:54:45,700 of our work. 784 00:54:45,780 --> 00:54:47,830 The other 50% is to have them 785 00:54:47,910 --> 00:54:51,660 successfully reproduce so that 786 00:54:51,740 --> 00:54:54,590 the number of births equal at 787 00:54:54,660 --> 00:54:55,910 least the number of elephant 788 00:54:56,000 --> 00:54:59,590 deaths per year. 789 00:54:59,670 --> 00:55:02,890 Only when that can be done, we 790 00:55:02,960 --> 00:55:04,930 can say we are saving the 791 00:55:05,010 --> 00:55:08,890 elephant from extinction. 792 00:55:08,970 --> 00:55:11,970 (♪♪♪) 793 00:55:18,810 --> 00:55:19,730 >> Narrator: With fewer areas 794 00:55:19,810 --> 00:55:21,560 to roam freely and the 795 00:55:21,650 --> 00:55:23,870 impacts of poaching, the wild 796 00:55:23,940 --> 00:55:25,780 elephant population could be 797 00:55:25,860 --> 00:55:30,080 extinct in 30 years. 798 00:55:30,910 --> 00:55:35,910 (♪♪♪) 799 00:55:59,940 --> 00:56:01,730 >> Narrator: Discouraged by the 800 00:56:01,810 --> 00:56:02,730 hardships of the elephant 801 00:56:02,810 --> 00:56:04,860 business, Wok takes Nong Mai 802 00:56:04,940 --> 00:56:07,780 home with hopes of starting 803 00:56:07,860 --> 00:56:10,700 a new life. 804 00:56:48,650 --> 00:56:53,780 [birds chirping] 805 00:56:53,950 --> 00:56:54,910 >> Narrator: it did♪t take 806 00:56:54,990 --> 00:56:56,620 long for Wok to settle back 807 00:56:56,700 --> 00:56:58,000 into the simple routines he 808 00:56:58,080 --> 00:57:00,920 grew up with. 809 00:57:01,000 --> 00:57:02,040 But keeping Nong Mai in the 810 00:57:02,120 --> 00:57:06,970 village was just not that easy. 811 00:57:07,670 --> 00:57:09,220 (♪♪♪) 812 00:57:09,630 --> 00:57:10,050 ♪ I know I said the 813 00:57:10,130 --> 00:57:15,180 right thing this time. 814 00:57:15,640 --> 00:57:17,680 I've weighed it down a thousand 815 00:57:17,760 --> 00:57:21,690 times in my mind. 816 00:57:21,770 --> 00:57:23,610 Just want to be your good 817 00:57:23,690 --> 00:57:27,910 love again. 818 00:57:27,980 --> 00:57:31,910 I thought that you would be mine 819 00:57:31,990 --> 00:57:34,160 until the end. 820 00:57:34,240 --> 00:57:37,240 The end of my pain. 821 00:57:37,660 --> 00:57:40,750 The end of the rain. 822 00:57:40,830 --> 00:57:44,920 The end of the line once 823 00:57:45,000 --> 00:57:46,920 every time. 824 00:57:47,000 --> 00:57:49,920 The end of my day. 825 00:57:50,000 --> 00:57:56,680 Hoped you would be the end of my 826 00:57:56,760 --> 00:58:01,060 one again 827 00:58:01,140 --> 00:58:06,140 (♪♪♪) 828 00:58:27,290 --> 00:58:28,790 ♪ And now, I want to 829 00:58:28,880 --> 00:58:34,010 do the right thing in time. 830 00:58:34,090 --> 00:58:35,720 I want to know how to make you 831 00:58:35,800 --> 00:58:40,730 lovesick because I'm trying. 832 00:58:40,800 --> 00:58:42,770 Just want to be your good 833 00:58:42,850 --> 00:58:46,940 love again. 834 00:58:47,020 --> 00:58:50,900 I hoped that would be mine 835 00:58:50,980 --> 00:58:52,950 until the bitter end. 836 00:58:53,030 --> 00:58:56,150 The end of my pain. 837 00:58:56,240 --> 00:58:59,740 The end of the rain. 838 00:58:59,820 --> 00:59:05,960 The end of line until it's time. 839 00:59:06,040 --> 00:59:08,960 The end of my day. 840 00:59:09,040 --> 00:59:14,260 I hoped you would be the end of 841 00:59:14,340 --> 00:59:19,810 my wandering again. 842 00:59:19,890 --> 00:59:26,990 The end of my wandering again. 843 00:59:28,020 --> 00:59:33,020 (♪♪♪) 844 01:01:02,030 --> 01:01:03,330 (♪♪♪) 845 01:01:04,320 --> 01:01:05,370 >> Narrator: Life for Wok's 846 01:01:05,450 --> 01:01:08,870 family was changing. 847 01:01:08,950 --> 01:01:10,080 The chores of elephant keeping 848 01:01:10,160 --> 01:01:11,880 were being replaced by new 849 01:01:11,960 --> 01:01:17,510 opportunities in farming. 850 01:01:17,880 --> 01:01:20,010 But for Nong Mai, farm life had 851 01:01:20,090 --> 01:01:22,180 some problems. 852 01:02:18,360 --> 01:02:23,360 (♪♪♪) 853 01:02:40,500 --> 01:02:41,470 >> Narrator: Wok decides he must 854 01:02:41,540 --> 01:02:42,920 return to street begging with 855 01:02:43,000 --> 01:02:52,110 Nong Mai to make some money. 856 01:02:52,180 --> 01:02:53,180 It is customary for the Guay to 857 01:02:53,270 --> 01:02:55,940 pray to the spirits before an 858 01:02:56,020 --> 01:03:02,070 elephant and mahout leave home. 859 01:03:02,150 --> 01:03:03,070 Grandmother makes an offering to 860 01:03:03,150 --> 01:03:05,240 bless and hopefully protect Nong 861 01:03:05,320 --> 01:03:09,320 Mai and Wok from harm. 862 01:03:10,070 --> 01:03:15,070 (♪♪♪) 863 01:03:25,170 --> 01:03:30,170 [elephants trumpeting] 864 01:04:15,180 --> 01:04:23,490 [engine starting] 865 01:04:48,340 --> 01:04:50,340 (♪♪♪) 866 01:04:50,420 --> 01:04:54,600 ♪ It does♪t hurt me. 867 01:04:54,680 --> 01:04:56,220 Do you want to feel 868 01:04:56,300 --> 01:04:59,600 how it feels? 869 01:04:59,680 --> 01:05:00,650 You want to know, 870 01:05:01,100 --> 01:05:05,230 know that it does♪t hurt me. 871 01:05:05,310 --> 01:05:07,070 Do you want to hear about the 872 01:05:07,150 --> 01:05:10,570 deal I'm making? 873 01:05:10,650 --> 01:05:16,080 You. 874 01:05:16,160 --> 01:05:20,630 You and me. 875 01:05:20,700 --> 01:05:23,130 And if I only could, 876 01:05:23,210 --> 01:05:25,380 make a deal with God, 877 01:05:25,460 --> 01:05:30,090 I'd get him to swap our places. 878 01:05:30,170 --> 01:05:32,390 Be running up that road, 879 01:05:32,470 --> 01:05:35,140 be running up that hill, 880 01:05:35,220 --> 01:05:40,730 be running up that building. 881 01:05:41,180 --> 01:05:49,110 If I only could, oh. 882 01:05:49,190 --> 01:05:53,070 You do♪t want to hurt me. 883 01:05:53,150 --> 01:05:54,080 But see how deep the 884 01:05:54,150 --> 01:05:58,410 bullet lies. 885 01:05:58,490 --> 01:06:00,080 Unaware that I'm tearing 886 01:06:00,160 --> 01:06:04,210 you asunder. 887 01:06:04,210 --> 01:06:07,130 There's a thunder in our hearts, 888 01:06:07,210 --> 01:06:09,130 baby. 889 01:06:09,210 --> 01:06:10,430 So much hate for the 890 01:06:10,500 --> 01:06:14,470 ones we love. 891 01:06:14,550 --> 01:06:17,640 Tell me we both matter, 892 01:06:17,720 --> 01:06:20,140 do♪t we? 893 01:06:20,220 --> 01:06:25,230 You. 894 01:06:25,310 --> 01:06:30,410 You and me. 895 01:06:30,480 --> 01:06:35,410 You and me wo♪t be unhappy. 896 01:06:35,490 --> 01:06:37,710 If I only could make 897 01:06:37,780 --> 01:06:40,330 a deal with God, 898 01:06:40,410 --> 01:06:42,160 I'd get him to swap 899 01:06:42,240 --> 01:06:44,590 our places. 900 01:06:44,660 --> 01:06:46,760 Be running up that road, 901 01:06:46,830 --> 01:06:49,580 be running up that hill, be 902 01:06:49,670 --> 01:06:54,760 running up that building. 903 01:06:54,840 --> 01:06:58,310 Be running up that hill 904 01:06:58,380 --> 01:07:00,430 if I could. 905 01:07:00,510 --> 01:07:03,230 Be running up that hill 906 01:07:03,310 --> 01:07:05,560 if I could. 907 01:07:05,640 --> 01:07:08,360 Be running up that hill 908 01:07:08,440 --> 01:07:10,730 if I could. 909 01:07:10,810 --> 01:07:13,690 Be running up that hill 910 01:07:13,780 --> 01:07:16,570 if I could 911 01:07:16,650 --> 01:07:21,650 (♪♪♪) 912 01:07:42,680 --> 01:07:47,680 (♪♪♪) 913 01:08:39,820 --> 01:08:42,620 [cow mooing] 914 01:08:43,820 --> 01:08:46,500 [dog barking] 915 01:08:47,330 --> 01:08:52,330 (♪♪♪) 916 01:10:00,940 --> 01:10:05,940 [elephants trumpeting] 917 01:10:13,540 --> 01:10:14,760 >> Narrator: Nong Mail has no 918 01:10:14,830 --> 01:10:15,630 way of know that she is not 919 01:10:15,710 --> 01:10:19,880 returning to the city. 920 01:10:19,960 --> 01:10:21,680 An usual buyer has 921 01:10:21,750 --> 01:10:22,880 made an offer that will change 922 01:10:22,960 --> 01:10:29,810 Nong Mai's fate forever. 923 01:10:29,890 --> 01:10:30,930 She will never have to ride in a 924 01:10:31,010 --> 01:10:33,860 truck again. 925 01:10:37,400 --> 01:10:42,740 (♪♪♪) 926 01:11:00,670 --> 01:11:05,670 (♪♪♪) 927 01:11:20,900 --> 01:11:21,770 >> Narrator: Far from the 928 01:11:21,860 --> 01:11:25,450 human world, a baby elephant 929 01:11:25,530 --> 01:11:26,990 in the wild will remember the 930 01:11:27,070 --> 01:11:28,910 smells and sounds of the forest 931 01:11:28,990 --> 01:11:33,080 for her lifetime. 932 01:11:33,490 --> 01:11:34,840 It's these memories that help 933 01:11:34,910 --> 01:11:40,880 her survive. 934 01:11:40,960 --> 01:11:41,880 As a captive elephant for 935 01:11:41,960 --> 01:11:44,930 half her life, what memories 936 01:11:45,000 --> 01:11:45,970 might help Nong Mai 937 01:11:46,050 --> 01:11:52,900 survive in this forest? 938 01:11:52,970 --> 01:11:54,020 She was released by the Elephant 939 01:11:54,100 --> 01:11:57,600 Reintroduction Foundation, 940 01:11:57,680 --> 01:11:58,680 and this was much more than just 941 01:11:58,770 --> 01:12:05,740 setting her free in the forest. 942 01:12:05,820 --> 01:12:07,620 Not every captive elephant is 943 01:12:07,690 --> 01:12:08,870 well-suited to be returned 944 01:12:08,950 --> 01:12:12,500 to the wild. 945 01:12:12,570 --> 01:12:13,570 An elephant suitable for 946 01:12:13,660 --> 01:12:14,750 release must be healthy 947 01:12:14,830 --> 01:12:16,000 and strong. 948 01:12:16,080 --> 01:12:17,830 It can take time for them 949 01:12:17,950 --> 01:12:19,080 to readapt to a life 950 01:12:19,160 --> 01:12:23,920 without humans. 951 01:12:24,000 --> 01:12:24,920 But Nong Mai was the 952 01:12:25,000 --> 01:12:27,760 perfect candidate. 953 01:12:27,840 --> 01:12:29,090 And she had no trouble adjusting 954 01:12:29,170 --> 01:12:35,180 to the freedom of the forest. 955 01:12:35,600 --> 01:12:36,970 It took only a few hours for her 956 01:12:37,060 --> 01:12:39,810 to find a friend. 957 01:12:40,940 --> 01:12:45,940 (♪♪♪) 958 01:12:55,160 --> 01:12:58,160 It was Pompang, an older 959 01:12:58,580 --> 01:13:00,580 reintroduced female who bonded 960 01:13:00,660 --> 01:13:05,660 with her immediately. 961 01:13:13,970 --> 01:13:15,060 Elephants, especially family 962 01:13:15,140 --> 01:13:16,640 elephants, live in cooperative 963 01:13:16,720 --> 01:13:18,100 social groups to help each 964 01:13:18,180 --> 01:13:21,560 other survive. 965 01:13:21,640 --> 01:13:22,810 Nong Mai became part of this 966 01:13:22,890 --> 01:13:24,940 family of formally-captive 967 01:13:25,020 --> 01:13:31,120 elephants. 968 01:13:31,190 --> 01:13:32,190 She learned from the others 969 01:13:32,650 --> 01:13:34,620 about which plants to eat and 970 01:13:34,700 --> 01:13:38,830 where to find them. 971 01:13:38,910 --> 01:13:39,910 Asian elephants have a very 972 01:13:39,990 --> 01:13:42,840 important role in nature as they 973 01:13:42,910 --> 01:13:44,880 roam the forest, elephants 974 01:13:44,960 --> 01:13:47,930 disperse seeds in their dung. 975 01:13:48,000 --> 01:13:49,930 Especially seeds too heavy to 976 01:13:50,000 --> 01:13:53,100 travel any other way. 977 01:13:53,170 --> 01:13:54,930 They open clearings to enable 978 01:13:55,010 --> 01:13:58,100 sunlight for new plants. 979 01:13:58,180 --> 01:13:59,930 They create trails that serve as 980 01:14:00,060 --> 01:14:05,230 highways for all other animals. 981 01:14:05,650 --> 01:14:07,240 They are an essential part of 982 01:14:07,650 --> 01:14:12,740 building biodiversity. 983 01:14:12,990 --> 01:14:20,840 (♪♪♪) 984 01:14:20,990 --> 01:14:21,870 >> Narrator: Elephants 985 01:14:21,950 --> 01:14:22,920 communicate with each other in 986 01:14:23,000 --> 01:14:25,920 many different ways. 987 01:14:26,000 --> 01:14:27,120 They speak with a variety of 988 01:14:27,210 --> 01:14:29,630 sounds and subsonic rumbles 989 01:14:29,710 --> 01:14:33,680 which are inaudible to humans. 990 01:14:33,760 --> 01:14:34,970 Their highly sensitive trunks, 991 01:14:35,050 --> 01:14:37,770 which are like the human hand, 992 01:14:37,840 --> 01:14:39,970 are constantly used to smell and 993 01:14:40,050 --> 01:14:43,350 touch other family members. 994 01:14:43,720 --> 01:14:44,730 To share information 995 01:14:44,810 --> 01:14:47,030 and feelings. 996 01:14:47,850 --> 01:14:51,070 (♪♪♪) 997 01:14:51,150 --> 01:14:52,900 >> Narrator: They also give off 998 01:14:52,980 --> 01:14:54,080 chemical signals to express what 999 01:14:54,150 --> 01:14:56,900 they're thinking or feeling. 1000 01:14:56,990 --> 01:14:58,210 This stimulates their superior 1001 01:14:58,280 --> 01:14:59,910 sense of smell that is five 1002 01:15:00,030 --> 01:15:01,910 times more sensitive than the 1003 01:15:01,990 --> 01:15:08,840 human nose. 1004 01:15:08,920 --> 01:15:09,920 >> Elephants, you know, have 1005 01:15:10,000 --> 01:15:12,880 been just another animal to me 1006 01:15:12,960 --> 01:15:14,090 until I found out, 1007 01:15:14,170 --> 01:15:18,050 no, elephants are not animals. 1008 01:15:18,130 --> 01:15:21,860 They are another living species 1009 01:15:21,930 --> 01:15:24,310 very close to human beings 1010 01:15:24,720 --> 01:15:27,900 because they can think, 1011 01:15:27,980 --> 01:15:29,700 they have emotions, 1012 01:15:29,770 --> 01:15:30,820 they can speak, 1013 01:15:30,900 --> 01:15:32,820 they, you know, communicate. 1014 01:15:32,900 --> 01:15:34,900 You know, they have emotions 1015 01:15:34,980 --> 01:15:35,990 that are very close to 1016 01:15:36,070 --> 01:15:38,790 human emotions. 1017 01:15:38,860 --> 01:15:41,740 They also know the self. 1018 01:15:41,820 --> 01:15:44,080 They know who they are. 1019 01:15:44,160 --> 01:15:46,790 The elephant knows that he or 1020 01:15:46,870 --> 01:15:51,220 she exists as an individual. 1021 01:15:51,960 --> 01:15:56,960 (♪♪♪) 1022 01:16:04,010 --> 01:16:04,940 >> Narrator: Nong Mai and 1023 01:16:05,010 --> 01:16:08,940 Pompang have become inseparable. 1024 01:16:09,020 --> 01:16:09,940 Despite the years that they are 1025 01:16:10,020 --> 01:16:11,940 behaviour was shaped by humans, 1026 01:16:12,020 --> 01:16:12,940 they have quickly learned to 1027 01:16:13,020 --> 01:16:14,950 follow their own instincts and 1028 01:16:15,020 --> 01:16:16,990 depend on each other. 1029 01:16:17,940 --> 01:16:19,410 (♪♪♪) 1030 01:16:20,240 --> 01:16:22,160 >> Narrator: These reintroduced 1031 01:16:22,240 --> 01:16:23,080 elephants come from 1032 01:16:23,160 --> 01:16:24,960 many different captive places 1033 01:16:25,030 --> 01:16:26,830 within Thailand and are likely 1034 01:16:26,910 --> 01:16:29,210 not related. 1035 01:16:29,290 --> 01:16:30,790 But they have been able to form 1036 01:16:30,870 --> 01:16:32,920 family groups just like 1037 01:16:33,000 --> 01:16:35,970 wild elephants. 1038 01:16:36,050 --> 01:16:39,170 The sublangka wildlife sanctuary 1039 01:16:39,260 --> 01:16:41,220 is one of three sanctuaries 1040 01:16:41,300 --> 01:16:42,930 where the Elephant 1041 01:16:43,010 --> 01:16:43,980 Reintroduction Foundation has 1042 01:16:44,050 --> 01:16:48,930 released captive elephants. 1043 01:16:49,020 --> 01:16:50,390 These three protected areas 1044 01:16:50,810 --> 01:16:53,060 total almost a half-a-million 1045 01:16:53,150 --> 01:16:57,200 acres of natural habitat. 1046 01:16:57,270 --> 01:16:58,870 >> Most the elephants that we 1047 01:16:58,940 --> 01:17:02,410 have been working with have 1048 01:17:02,820 --> 01:17:03,950 been very happy- 1049 01:17:04,030 --> 01:17:08,910 They are growing old naturally 1050 01:17:08,990 --> 01:17:10,960 in an environment that 1051 01:17:11,040 --> 01:17:13,920 theylove. 1052 01:17:14,000 --> 01:17:21,930 They have grown healthier. 1053 01:17:22,010 --> 01:17:24,060 We are seriously involved in 1054 01:17:24,140 --> 01:17:26,310 trying to have elephants breed 1055 01:17:26,390 --> 01:17:29,140 naturally in these natural 1056 01:17:29,220 --> 01:17:31,940 habitats so that they can, 1057 01:17:32,020 --> 01:17:33,230 you know, self sustain 1058 01:17:33,310 --> 01:17:35,980 the population. 1059 01:17:38,150 --> 01:17:39,400 >> Narrator: While wanting of 1060 01:17:39,820 --> 01:17:40,940 reintroductions to provide a 1061 01:17:41,030 --> 01:17:43,070 better life for elephants, 1062 01:17:43,150 --> 01:17:45,120 the ultimate goal is to 1063 01:17:45,200 --> 01:17:46,950 reestablish self-sustaining 1064 01:17:47,030 --> 01:17:49,960 wild populations in the areas 1065 01:17:50,040 --> 01:17:51,250 where wild elephants used 1066 01:17:51,330 --> 01:17:55,380 to live. 1067 01:17:55,460 --> 01:17:58,340 The true measure of success is 1068 01:17:58,420 --> 01:17:59,890 that they have mated and 1069 01:17:59,960 --> 01:18:05,140 produced wild-born babies. 1070 01:18:05,220 --> 01:18:06,940 In these forests, 1071 01:18:07,010 --> 01:18:10,140 the elephants can be themselves. 1072 01:18:10,220 --> 01:18:11,900 Unlike in the tourist camps 1073 01:18:11,970 --> 01:18:13,940 where many of them come from, 1074 01:18:14,020 --> 01:18:14,990 here there are no tricks to 1075 01:18:15,060 --> 01:18:16,900 perform and there are 1076 01:18:16,980 --> 01:18:19,950 no tourists. 1077 01:18:20,020 --> 01:18:20,900 Since these elephants have been 1078 01:18:20,980 --> 01:18:22,910 released, the forests have 1079 01:18:22,990 --> 01:18:25,030 improved. 1080 01:18:25,110 --> 01:18:27,910 Today, there are 77 reintroduced 1081 01:18:27,990 --> 01:18:29,990 elephants living here, and since 1082 01:18:30,080 --> 01:18:32,290 2011 there have been eight 1083 01:18:32,370 --> 01:18:37,920 elephants born. 1084 01:18:38,000 --> 01:18:39,420 This is one conservation model 1085 01:18:39,500 --> 01:18:41,050 that may provide hope for 1086 01:18:41,130 --> 01:18:44,930 the future. 1087 01:18:45,010 --> 01:18:47,260 And Nong Mai will perhaps have a 1088 01:18:47,340 --> 01:18:51,020 role in this future. 1089 01:18:51,390 --> 01:18:58,020 (♪♪♪) 1090 01:19:00,020 --> 01:19:00,520 >> Narrator: The young 1091 01:19:00,940 --> 01:19:03,410 elephants born here might never 1092 01:19:03,480 --> 01:19:05,950 know what it is like to walk 1093 01:19:06,030 --> 01:19:10,030 in chains. 1094 01:19:10,950 --> 01:19:18,050 (♪♪♪) 1095 01:19:18,120 --> 01:19:21,050 ♪ It feels so warm. 1096 01:19:21,130 --> 01:19:25,550 Lying in your mother's arms. 1097 01:19:25,970 --> 01:19:28,470 Nothing can hurt you. 1098 01:19:28,550 --> 01:19:33,520 You're free from harm. 1099 01:19:35,180 --> 01:19:40,180 (♪♪♪) 1100 01:20:58,140 --> 01:21:03,140 (♪♪♪) 1101 01:21:33,550 --> 01:21:34,430 >> Narrator: This is the end 1102 01:21:34,510 --> 01:21:36,430 of the elephant story. 1103 01:21:36,510 --> 01:21:37,260 They are now doing what most 1104 01:21:37,350 --> 01:21:39,350 wild elephants like to do 1105 01:21:39,430 --> 01:21:41,100 which is having nothing 1106 01:21:41,180 --> 01:21:43,150 to do with people. 1107 01:21:47,480 --> 01:21:48,110 >> Oh, she's coming. 1108 01:21:48,150 --> 01:21:49,070 She's coming. 1109 01:21:49,150 --> 01:21:52,070 [elephants trumpeting] 1110 01:21:52,150 --> 01:21:53,370 >> That's Nong Mai in the front. 1111 01:21:53,450 --> 01:21:58,120 [background chatter] 1112 01:21:58,200 --> 01:21:59,670 >> Nong Mai is clearly 1113 01:22:00,120 --> 01:22:02,340 exhibiting a lot of aggression. 1114 01:22:02,410 --> 01:22:03,510 She's become actually a 1115 01:22:03,580 --> 01:22:04,550 bit Wild. 1116 01:22:04,620 --> 01:22:06,090 The big one is Pompang. 1117 01:22:06,170 --> 01:22:07,090 Pompang's actually the 1118 01:22:07,170 --> 01:22:08,090 matriarch. 1119 01:22:08,170 --> 01:22:09,090 All these other elephants that 1120 01:22:09,170 --> 01:22:10,510 are with her with are the 1121 01:22:10,590 --> 01:22:12,090 younger elephants here in 1122 01:22:12,170 --> 01:22:13,090 the sanctuary. 1123 01:22:13,170 --> 01:22:14,270 And they've all kind of formed 1124 01:22:14,340 --> 01:22:17,470 this little herd. 1125 01:22:17,550 --> 01:22:20,150 So Nong Mai is kind of the boss. 1126 01:22:20,220 --> 01:22:21,140 It seems like she really just 1127 01:22:21,220 --> 01:22:22,520 wants us to get out of the way. 1128 01:22:22,600 --> 01:22:25,350 Nong Mai. 1129 01:22:25,440 --> 01:22:28,110 [laughter] 1130 01:22:28,190 --> 01:22:29,060 >> Well, we've seen something 1131 01:22:29,150 --> 01:22:30,070 that we never expected we 1132 01:22:30,150 --> 01:22:31,320 would see. 1133 01:22:31,400 --> 01:22:32,150 >> That was great. 1134 01:22:32,230 --> 01:22:33,110 >> Nong Mai has gone completely 1135 01:22:33,190 --> 01:22:35,320 wild and she's part of a heard 1136 01:22:35,400 --> 01:22:36,660 with Pompang as a leader, 1137 01:22:36,740 --> 01:22:38,410 but then there's three other 1138 01:22:38,490 --> 01:22:39,620 young elephants about her same 1139 01:22:39,700 --> 01:22:41,080 age with her to so there's a 1140 01:22:41,160 --> 01:22:46,290 total of five of them there. 1141 01:22:46,370 --> 01:22:47,170 >> Narrator: They had chased us 1142 01:22:47,210 --> 01:22:49,130 behind that line that now 1143 01:22:49,210 --> 01:22:53,460 divides their world from ours. 1144 01:22:53,550 --> 01:22:56,350 But one stayed behind. 1145 01:22:56,430 --> 01:22:57,600 She was walking out to our human 1146 01:22:57,680 --> 01:23:01,270 world one last time as if to 1147 01:23:01,350 --> 01:23:04,320 show us that our worlds are not 1148 01:23:04,390 --> 01:23:05,810 so different. 1149 01:23:06,140 --> 01:23:07,520 Perhaps she remembers what we 1150 01:23:07,600 --> 01:23:09,730 have forgotten. 1151 01:23:09,810 --> 01:23:12,410 That maybe we are more like each 1152 01:23:12,480 --> 01:23:18,290 other than we realize. 1153 01:23:18,360 --> 01:23:21,790 Or maybe she was just coming to 1154 01:23:22,200 --> 01:23:23,620 gay goodbye. 1155 01:23:24,750 --> 01:23:26,340 (♪♪♪) 73187

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