Original subtitles

yale went home defeated, 15 to nothing.

plays its home games here, the school's football team

at sanford stadium.

originally built in the late 1920s by convict labor,

it has since expanded from 30,000

to more than 90,000 seats.

from the air, you can see the famous hedges

that have encircled the field ever since its opening game--

georgia bulldogs versus yale bulldogs, 1929.

first visit to the south. it was the yale football team's

but after the bulldogs had battled,

chartered state university.

from athens to rome, it's about 100 miles

at least in georgia.

here, in front of city hall, stands a permanent reminder

of the bond between old rome and new rome--

a bronze replica of italy's famed sculpture

of romulus and remus.

during world war ii, because of italy's ties to nazi germany,

the sculpture was removed and replaced by an american flag.

it was returned to this spot in 1952.

rome prides itself on its historic main street.

to fans of the band r.e.m.

commanding him to create sacred art,

and the reverend obeyed.

he used found materials like bottle caps,

rusty bicycle parts, and old jewelry

to construct thousands of unusual works of art.

many consider this handcrafted, 5-story building

to be his masterpiece.

built around a pre-existing church,

it's known as the world's folk art chapel.

paradise gardens may look familiar

rebuilt after the civil war,

it was featured in the video for radio free europe,

and finster then went on to paint their next album cover.

r.e.m. was just one of the groups that emerged

from the music scene in this college town--athens.

the b-52s, pylon, and indigo girls

also got their start here.

so did actress kim basinger and football legend fran tarkenton.

now the fifth largest city in georgia,

athens grew up around the university of georgia.

opened in 1801, it was the nation's first

of an earthen-walled confederate stronghold

this hearth is all that remains of a home his troops burned--

all part of an effort to destroy southern morale

and force a surrender.

"i want to make georgia howl," he said--and he succeeded.

a month into sherman's march,

his troops were nearing savannah,

but they were in desperate need of supplies.

the ogeechee river could provide

a perfect delivery route for offshore union ships.

but the ogeechee was under the protection

became known as sherman's neckties.

called fort mcallister.

during the war, the fort had repelled

seven attacks from the sea,

but it was virtually helpless against a strong land attack.

on december 13, 1864, a division of union soldiers

laid siege to the fort.

just 15 minutes later, they declared victory.

union ships were now able to rendezvous with sherman's army

and provide them with the supplies they needed

to stage their attack on savannah.

since the trains first ran in the 1830s,

this revitalized neighborhood

is one of the best-preserved victorian city centers

in all of the south.

seeing georgia from the sky, you quickly come to realize

how beautiful, wild, and diverse this state is.

from a timber town turned bavarian village in helen,

to a global village

at habitat for humanity in americus.

held georgia together but one thing that's long

is its railroads.

in 1961, finster claimed to hear the voice of god

more than 100 railways have operated here--

like the hook and eye line, the iron belt railroad,

and the vidalia route.

during the civil war, the railroads provided

a critical network for confederate troops and weapons.

as general sherman began his fateful march

from atlanta to savannah,

he set his sights on the railways,

hundreds of miles worth.

the melted, twisted tracks he left behind

tucked into southwest georgia.

was convicted of war crimes and hanged.

after the camp closed,

clara barton led a detachment here

to identify and mark the graves of the union dead.

on august 17, 1865, she raised the stars and stripes

over the cemetery for the first time.

since the civil war,

6,000 more veterans have been buried here,

including active duty servicemen killed in afghanistan and iraq.

the american southwest there's a slice of

that after the war, the prison commandant

it's called providence canyon.

seeing this natural wonder from the air

offers a chance to glimpse 16 distinct gorges,

some plunging to depths of more than 100 feet.

georgians call this place "little grand canyon,"

but these massive gullies

mother nature alone. aren't the work of

the primary sculptor is rainwater runoff

from poor farming practices in the 1800s.

but what beauty that erosion has revealed.

15-foot walls like these

many never made it out.

overcrowding, disease, and starvation

made for a grim existence here.

said one union soldier, "as we entered the place,

a spectacle met our eyes

that almost froze our blood with horror--

stalwart men, now nothing but mere walking skeletons,

covered with filth and vermin."

no wonder many of the prisoners believed they had died

and gone to hell.

within providence canyon, several million years

once surrounded the entire stockade.

makeshift tents and huts were all that stood

between the prisoners and the elements.

guards were perched in towers along the fence line.

anyone getting within three feet of the wall was shot dead.

all told, 13,000 souls perished in the hellhole

that was andersonville.

their naked bodies were carted off in wagons,

buried shoulder to shoulder in three-foot-deep trenches.

so cruel and inhumane was the treatment at andersonville

roosevelt's legacy lives on

and purchased 1,200 acres here in 1926,

where he built a polio treatment center.

this six-room structure was built in 1932,

a year before roosevelt was elected president.

it often served as a presidential retreat.

on april 12, 1945, roosevelt was inside sitting for a portrait

when he suddenly grabbed his head,

complaining of a sharp pain.

longest-serving president a few minutes later, america's

would be dead of a massive cerebral hemorrhage.

did fall in love with the town he didn't find a cure, but he

in a national park that bears his name.

after bathing in the warm springs nearby,

he used to come to this park for picnics.

with 9,000 acres of protected wilderness,

the f.d. roosevelt state park

is the largest state park in georgia.

to the south, in summerville,

is a very different kind of park.

this is paradise gardens, the legacy of baptist minister

and self-taught artist howard finster.

george patton, and colin powell.

stand exposed-- of georgia's geological record

the sands of time, in 43 distinct colors.

35 miles north lies fort benning,

home of the u.s. army infantry school,

named for confederate brigadier general henry benning,

a native of the area.

it was built during world war i, with the express purpose

finest combat infantrymen. of producing the world's

fort benning has turned out such distinguished military leaders

as omar bradley, dwight eisenhower,

even entered the city, before sherman's men

the 287-square-mile base also operates

an airborne school for paratroopers,

a ranger school for elite skills and tactics,

and a program that teaches soldiers

how to operate m-2 bradley fighting vehicles in combat.

about 35 miles north, outside the town of warm springs,

is a much more peaceful place--

little white house. franklin delano roosevelt's

stricken with polio, fdr first came here in 1924

restorative powers. after hearing about the springs'

is cumberland island, known for its pristine maritime forests,

and william vanderbilt, who built elaborate estates here.

they were among the charter members

of the jekyll island club, described as "the richest,

the most exclusive, the most inaccessible club in the world."

today, the clubhouse has been renovated

into a luxurious hotel.

the building is steeped in the grandeur of the gilded age,

and the grounds are home

to a tournament-level croquet green.

the largest jewel in georgia's coastal necklace

like j.p. morgan, joseph pulitzer,

lush marshes, and undeveloped beaches.

spanish explorers first arrived here in 1566,

naming the island san pedro.

over the next 100 years, they built forts and missions here.

but by the time english general james oglethorpe arrived

in 1736, the spaniards were gone.

in 1955, the national park service named the island

one of the best coastal recreation areas in the country.

untouched coastline but while much of the island's

looks like something from another world,

in love with this place the company's owner had fallen

some 10 miles away

is the most remote and desolate of georgia's coastal jewels--

little st. simon's island.

in such pristine condition. it's lucky to have survived

eagle pencil company in 1908, new york's

purchased this 10,000-acre island

with the intention of harvesting its vast red cedar forests.

but as fate would have it, the wood here was too damaged

by salt and wind for pencil making.

by the time eagle was ready to call it quits,

lifeless it is not.

and bought it for himself.

the island remains in his family,

undeveloped and accessible only by boat.

to help protect its unspoiled wildlife habitats,

only 32 visitors are allowed on little st. simon's

at any one time.

jekyll island, on the other hand, is a tourist paradise,

its coasts lined with vacation homes.

the island was first developed in the late 1800s

as a winter resort for northern businessmen,

as it is in its span of history.

wetland swamp in north america. it's the largest intact

for decades, industry exploited the swamp's resources,

plundering its forests for lumber.

but in 1936, the u.s. government stepped in

to protect this wondrous place and its wildlife.

today, the okefenokee is the epitome of wild georgia

victory over human greed. and a celebration of nature's

from its wild swamps, to its highest peaks,

down its free-spirited coast,

georgia is a state as rich in natural wonders

jump up and down in some places and the trees around you shake.

from the site of an ancient mystery,

to key battlefields of the civil war,

to cities and towns decimated by conflict

and economic hard times.

through it all, georgia has persevered,

producing great writers, a president,

and one of the greatest civil rights leaders

the world has ever known.

has earned the title it's easy to see why georgia

"the empire state of the south."

and a staff of 200 servants.

legend has it that wild ponies like these have been here

as far back as the 16th century,

the legacy of its earliest spanish settlers.

look from above, and you can also see a human footprint,

or at least the remains of one.

dungeness mansion was built by thomas carnegie

as a winter retreat for his wife and nine children.

in its heyday,

this scottish-style castle was the height of excess,

boasting 59 rooms, swimming pools, a golf course,

and endangered loggerhead sea turtles.

the carnegies left the island after the great depression

and in 1959, a suspicious fire

turned the once glorious mansion into rubble.

about 50 miles inland from the georgia coast,

water meets earth in a dramatic dance.

this is the 402,000-acre swampland

known as the okefenokee-- a native american term

meaning "the land of the trembling earth."

sure enough, soft peat deposits, some up to 15 feet deep,

cover the region.

wild atlantic beachfront and marsh on the east coast.

one new orleans minister wrote to his wife,

"bonaventure cemetery is a beautiful place to die."

he then traveled straight here and committed suicide.

many ghost hunters claim that this is the most haunted

cemetery in the united states.

if only the spirits could talk, what tales they would tell

of 200 dramatic years in georgia history.

coastline georgia's 100-mile-long

great natural treasures-- is one of america's

the longest unbroken stretch of

who died of pneumonia just before easter sunday 1889.

to take in its rugged beauty and there's no better way

than from the air.

13 barrier islands, nicknamed the golden isles,

line the coast, separated from the mainland

by deep tidal inlets.

soaring over these islands

is a journey into georgia's colonial past.

at their northernmost point

a 150-year-old lighthouse guards cockspur island.

the coast probably looks much the same as it did

best-selling novel, in author john berendt's

the opposing confederate general turned tail and disappeared.

the next morning,

a formal surrender. savannah's mayor offered

today, savannah is a bustling industrial center

and the largest port in georgia.

draws tourists here. but that's not what

they come here from all over the world

to experience southern charm, rich cultural history,

and, in this case, a spooky connection to the past.

is the title character savannah's bonaventure cemetery

when english chaplain john wesley,

midnight in the garden of good and evil,

with the cemetery featured heavily in the plot.

the bird girl sculpture that graces the book's cover

was removed from here shortly after publication

and donated to a local museum to keep it safe from tourists.

but other ghostly figures can still be glimpsed

between the mournful trees, draped in spanish moss.

among the noteworthy residents here

are songwriter johnny mercer, writer conrad aiken,

and 6-year-old gracie watson, a savannah girl

still walks this island, it's said his headless ghost

has a more fascinating history than this one--

a more than 5,000-acre wildlife refuge

notorious buccaneer. named for the world's most

this is blackbeard island.

blackbeard was known to plunder merchant ships

off the georgia coast in the early 18th century.

legend has it, he and his men came to this island

to stash their loot and hide out between raids.

to a grisly end in 1718, blackbeard's career came

when he died in a bloody battle in north carolina.

barrier islands none of georgia's

guarding his buried treasure.

in 1800, the u.s. navy purchased blackbeard island

as a source of lumber for shipbuilding.

then, in 1880, it became a quarantine station

to monitor incoming sailors for yellow fever.

a few years earlier, this mosquito-borne disease

had reached epidemic proportions,

killing 1,000 people in savannah alone.

the island is now a national wildlife refuge,

providing safe haven for migratory birds

the best form of defense in the world.

one of the founders of methodism,

first arrived here in 1736, on his way to savannah.

long after wesley sailed away, the island became home

to fort pulaski, built between 1829 and 1847

to protect the eastern seaboard.

the moat surrounding the fort is between 30 and 48 feet wide

with an average depth of 8 feet.

today, turtles and alligators make their home

just beneath the surface.

when this outpost was built, brick forts were considered

over its 14-month existence.

but that would change during the civil war.

on april 10, 1862, union troops launched their attack

on fort pulaski with a brand new technology: the rifled cannon.

able to fire longer distances with greater accuracy,

this weaponry completely dominated the fort

in a matter of 30 hours.

the damage is still visible.

not wanting to expose the garrison to further destruction,

confederate general charles olmstead surrendered.

no one would ever build a brick fort again.

rates augusta as the best course in america.

but augusta, georgia, may be best known

for the augusta national golf club.

every april, the world's best golfers

descend on this former plantation

to compete in the masters tournament.

an aerial view of the club provides a window

into a pristine world few people ever see in person.

tickets to the event are among the toughest to obtain

of any sporting event in the country.

the general public since 1972. they haven't been available to

and concerts.

its exclusive membership roster includes

billionaires bill gates and warren buffett,

among other prominent names.

notably absent from that list is a single female member.

women can play here as guests and work as caddies,

stands fiercely resistant but the old boys' club

to changing its ways.

about 90 miles southeast lies a city with a colorful past,

milledgeville.

the town was established in 1804 as the state capital,

augusta was booming.

in augusta.

in 1845, the first shovels began digging out

augusta's red, rich clay.

and a few years later, water was coursing through this canal--

water that soon powered new textile factories.

today, this approximately 11-mile-long waterway

produces hydroelectric power.

the canal and mills are the first national heritage area

in georgia designated by the united states congress.

by the late 19th century, thanks to its mills,

on land acquired from creek indians.

and in 1897, bricks were laid to build this catholic church.

three years later, this impressive structure

was complete and ready for worship.

but with more and more augustans moving to the suburbs

in the 20th century, this giant church

and closed its doors in 1971. couldn't sustain itself

the building endured 16 years of vandalism and neglect

before being renovated and re-opened in 1987

as the sacred heart cultural center.

weddings, wine festivals, today, it's a venue for

right in the middle of the state

with its pointed arched windows and rooftop battlements,

the oldest public buildings it's the considered one of

in america built in the gothic revival style.

that forever changed but it's what happened inside

the course of history.

it was here in january 1861 that georgia lawmakers

voted 160 to 130 in favor of secession

from the united states.

this 30-vote majority would plunge the state

into four years of war and devastate many of its cities.

a few miles away stands the old state capitol building.

sits the city of macon,

nicknamed "the heart of georgia."

from the air its quaint neighborhoods

offer a stunning glimpse of the old south.

there are dozens of homes here that look just as they did

in the late 19th century.

many of them were built on the spoils of king cotton.

the mansion on georgia avenue but macon's crown jewel is

known as hay house.

the four-story home with a cupola above

the budding author had moved to the northeast after college,

during its first decade, this scraggly frontier town

was known for its seedy inns, bordellos, and gambling.

but slowly, things began to change.

important new buildings one of the capital's most

was the governor's mansion.

built in the greek revival style,

the mansion was restored in 2001

and is now a national historic landmark and a museum.

milledgeville was also home to one of georgia's

most celebrated authors: flannery o'connor.

to build an industrial canal alongside the savannah river

but a lupus diagnosis in 1950 brought her back to this place--

a 544-acre family farm called andalusia.

it was here, cared for by her mother,

that she completed her most famous novels and short stories,

a good man is hard to find,

that explore the theme of a decaying south.

doing what she loved, o'connor spent her final days

raising peacocks and drawing inspiration from the landscape

surrounding andalusia.

she died of lupus in 1964 at the age of just 39.

remain a mystery.

known to archaeologists as the mississippian mound builders.

these people and their structures may be gone,

but the outlines of their once sophisticated culture remain.

from this six-story-tall mound,

it's believed that the city's chief priest

may have presided over ceremonies

on a bustling plaza down below.

smaller mounds may have been used as burial sites

or to support the homes of other prominent citizens.

many details about these native americans and their culture

these earthen monuments were built by an ancient society

mound builders were the ancestors

of the creek and cherokee,

who dominated georgia in the centuries that followed.

but the u.s. government eventually pressed these tribes

to move to oklahoma--

and in 1838, forcibly relocated those that remained.

an estimated 4,000 native americans died on the journey,

which is known as the trail of tears.

nearby, the chattahoochee national forest

covers almost 750,000 acres of rugged landscape,

it was here that a visionary ad man

from a stunning coast where nature runs wild,

across fields of cotton,

to snow-dusted peaks

longest hiking trails. at the end of one of the world's

this is a state loved by presidents, writers,

and a civil rights leader who sought to heal the nation

with a transcendent dream.

aerial georgia explores the rich history of this southern state,

from mysterious traces of its ancient people,

to painful memories of america's war-torn past.

including springer mountain.

revolutionized television news,

and a terrorist tried to destroy the olympic dreams of thousands.

where a small pioneer town

first gold rush. was home to america's

and a city once leveled by war

rose again to glimmer from the ashes.

this is georgia, the empire state of the south.

in the northwest corner of georgia,

on the banks of the etowah river,

stand the relics of a lost world.

but when it comes to georgia's natural resources,

named dahlonega, from the cherokee word for yellow money.

the city prospered until 1849,

gold rush when news of california's

lured the miners west.

today, dahlonega is home

to north georgia college and state university,

from its golden past. but the town doesn't shy away

every october, visitors from around the world come here

to celebrate gold rush day, in a town center that looks like

the 19th century. it's right out of

along this route was a gold rush town

none has shaped her history and economy like these crops--

what the locals call white gold: cotton.

cottonseed was first planted here in 1785,

though it took growers nearly 10 years to make a profit.

by the mid 19th century,

being shipped 1,000 miles away most of georgia's bounty was

prosperous textile mills, to feed the north's

lagged far behind. while the south's economy

determined to right the imbalance,

a civic leader put forward an innovative plan--

that gold was discovered in habersham county

the appalachian trail, it's the southern endpoint of

which starts 2,000 miles north in the state of maine.

one historian dismissed this region

as "nothing but a desert with trees."

but rattlesnakes, copperheads, and black bears all live here.

north georgia is also home to hidden treasure.

legend has it that in 1828,

a deer hunter here tripped over a shiny rock

that turned out to be nearly pure gold.

a year later, a newspaper reported

was built between 1855 and 1859

and practically overnight, giddy prospectors by the thousands

poured into the region looking to strike it rich.

first major gold rush. it was the nation's

by 1861, enough gold was discovered here

for the local federal mint to produce

one and a half million gold coins.

much of the mined gold was transported

on the newly completed unicoi turnpike,

a toll road which stretched from the appalachian mountains

through this swath of northeast georgia.

headquarters downtown, by locating his company's

been anything but storybook. atlanta's history, though, has

a century after the civil war,

the city fell again on hard times.

in the 1980s, it was this company's headquarters

that came to atlanta's rescue.

originally intended to be an entertainment complex,

this 100,000-square-foot building was bought in 1985

by a successful georgia ad man: ted turner.

he used it to house

news channel, cnn. the world's first 24-hour

twirling about the porch, sipping lemonade.

turner helped revitalize the city.

just a mile from the heart of downtown atlanta lies a place

that was once a world away--

the neighborhood of sweet auburn.

it was here on january 15, 1929,

in the upstairs room of this yellow house,

most distinguished sons, where one of atlanta's

martin luther king, jr., was born.

his father, martin luther king, sr.,

was an early leader in the civil rights movement

would one day serve as the margaret mitchell museum.

from the ashes, atlanta slowly but surely rebuilt.

here, in the 1920s, lived a struggling young writer

inspired by the epic tales of her state's war-torn past.

it was inside apartment number one of this building

that margaret mitchell penned

most of the wildly popular novel gone with the wind.

in her later years, mitchell frequently remarked

about how much she hated living here.

little could she have imagined,

the apartment she referred to as "the dump"

and pastor of nearby ebenezer baptist church.

accommodations were humble, but while mitchell's own

those of her characters were not.

according to georgia lore,

this plantation house in nearby jonesboro

inspiration was margaret mitchell's

for tara, the iconic setting gone with the wind.

this greek revival style plantation house

was built in 1839, and true to its name,

lies amidst a grove of stately old oaks.

one can't help but imagine scarlett o'hara

though nature has largely erased the park's wartime past,

is best known for its cool springs,

which produce close to 9 million gallons of water a day,

and for its pristine 28-acre lake.

it may look like any other unspoiled stretch

of georgia wilderness,

but during the civil war,

it was the setting of camp lawton,

a confederate stockade

that imprisoned about 10,000 union soldiers,

500 of whom died in the camp.

magnolia springs state park

in the summer of 2010, a team of archaeology students

dug up about 200 civil war artifacts from here.

the site, undisturbed since the camp's abandonment in 1864,

is expected to yield unprecedented information

about the lives of prisoners and guards at the camp.

the vestiges of an even larger confederate prison

lie about 130 miles south of atlanta--

the notorious camp sumter, better known as andersonville.

this clearing was once home to a 26 1/2-acre stockade.

some 45,000 prisoners entered its gates

on a hill from which general sherman monitored

it was here where martin, jr. was both baptized and ordained.

and it was the site of his funeral in 1968.

just next door but it's the king center

that serves as his memorial.

in the midst of what's called freedom plaza,

surrounded by a 5-tier reflecting pool,

lies the body of martin luther king, jr.

his marble crypt bears the words, "free at last,

free at last, thank god almighty, i'm free at last."

two miles from downtown,

burned to the ground.

the siege of atlanta, is the carter center.

founded by president jimmy carter

and his wife rosalynn in 1982,

to advance human rights the center's mission is

and end human suffering around the world.

four of the five interconnected pavilions

house staff offices and meeting spaces.

the fifth is home

to the jimmy carter presidential library.

150 miles outside of atlanta lies a wilder georgia.

now sit atop stone mountain.

the stash, now estimated to be worth a million dollars,

has never been accounted for.

many are convinced it was hidden nearby.

in the distance, a giant dome pushes up from the earth.

this is stone mountain--

an 800-foot-tall solid granite monolith.

it was born over 300 million years ago,

at the time that the appalachian mountains were formed.

just to circle its base. you'd have to walk five miles

a visitor center and tv/radio transmitter

renegades stole the fortune back.

but there was a time when it was a meeting place

for the ku klux klan--

its peak crowned with a burning cross.

today, stone mountain bears other memories.

in 1916, the united daughters of the confederacy

got permission to oversee the carving

of a civil war monument here.

the finished work covers three acres of rock face

and took 57 years to complete.

it depicts three confederate heroes--

no wonder hay house earned the nickname,

by railroad magnate william butler johnson.

he and his bride had fallen in love with italian architecture

during their honeymoon in europe

and decided to bring the elegance of the old world

back to georgia.

not only was the 24-room, 16,000-square-foot residence

magnificent to behold,

it was also one of the most innovative homes of its day,

complete with hot and cold running water

and central heating.

president jefferson davis, general robert e. lee,

the palace of the south.

within just two years of the completion of hay house,

the glory days of the old south

were subsumed by cannon fire, bloodshed, and fear.

in northeast georgia, the little town of washington is best known

for an unsolved mystery--

the case of the lost confederate gold.

right after the civil war ended, federal troops seized

what was left of the confederate treasury.

but right outside of washington,

confessed bomber eric rudolph had hoped

on top of the dome is a 15-foot tall,

2,000-pound statue known as miss freedom.

centennial olympic park just a stone's throw away,

was created to be a town square for the 1996 summer olympics,

as the scene but it's best remembered

of a domestic terrorist attack.

one the night of july 27, 1996,

the largest pipe bomb in u.s. history

was detonated in the midst of a concert,

killing one person and injuring 111 others.

mined not far away in lumpkin county.

to force the cancellation of the games,

but atlanta would not be bullied, and the games went on.

the gleaming metropolis it's hard to believe that

standing here today was once a wasteland.

in 1864,

after a weeks-long artillery bombardment of the city,

general william tecumseh sherman

ordered all civilians to evacuate.

his troops set fire to the city.

and everything, except for churches and hospitals,

atlantica-pacifica, shortened to atlanta.

and general thomas "stonewall" jackson.

by the 1960s, stone mountain had become

so emblematic of hatred and racism,

it even got a mention

famous "i have a dream" speech, in martin luther king, jr.'s

when he said, "let freedom ring from stone mountain in georgia."

less than 20 miles away stands the city that would feel

like no other--atlanta. the civil war's fiery wrath

it was founded in 1837 and named for the railroad

on which the city was built--

georgia...

and in 1868, it became the state capital.

the design of the georgia state house

followed the same neoclassical style

used for the u.s. capitol building in washington,

but it maintained some distinctly local touches--

inside, 1 1/2 acres of georgia marble

line its floors and hallways.

dome was originally adorned amazingly, the building's

with 43 ounces of real 23-karat georgia gold,