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There is a lot of dispute about the Pony
Express.
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Folks always wanted to know what was
real and what was not.
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I can tell you with certainty the
adventure was real.
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The danger we faced was real.
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The legends that were born, they were
real enough.
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I should know because I was there.
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And those boys were my friends.
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A lot of folks forget that the Pony
Express was only around for 18 months.
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Just a blink of an eye. But in that
short time, we changed the course of our
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00:00:55,940 --> 00:01:01,480
history and gave this country a
generation of heroes to call our own.
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say it was a legendary time.
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What town's that, Paul?
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That there's our state capital,
Sacramento.
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It sure don't look like much.
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I suppose it don't.
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Give it time.
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This country's growing mighty fast.
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It's towns like that that are going to
lead us forward.
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Come on, let's get down there.
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Beginning in 1848 and 1849 with the Gold
Rush, the population explosion in the
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West was massive.
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Over half a million people lived there
by the time of the Civil War.
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So as all these hundreds of thousands of
people pushed westward, it started to
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push the limits of the nation's
infrastructure.
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There was no transcontinental railroad
at the time, and there was also no
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telegraph. So if you wanted to send a
letter from New York to San Francisco,
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basically had two options.
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You could send the letter by steamship
down the Atlantic coast, across Panama,
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and then up the Pacific to San
Francisco.
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Or you could send it overland with the
Butterfield mail route.
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This was a route that made its way
across the southern third of the
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In both cases, it could take quite a
long time, up to three to four weeks for
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the letter to arrive.
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Without reliable, fast communication,
you can't run a business and you
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can't run a country. Plain and simple.
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But there is a third option.
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So the third option is the central route
through the middle of the country. This
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route that is shorter, but it's more
difficult and it's... dangerous, arid,
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and that's the route that the Pony
Express chose.
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So the idea behind the Pony Express was
to build a system of relay stations,
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about 190 stations in total, spanning
nearly 2 ,000 miles and running from
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Missouri in the east to California in
the west.
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A rider would take a bag of mail and
ride it as fast as he could from one
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station to the next. At the next
station, he'd either change horses for a
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mount or hand off the bag to a new
rider.
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And it improved the time down to 10 to
12 days for a letter to make its way
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across this system.
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The clock was always ticking, and not a
second could be wasted.
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That was the only way it would work.
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They're coming.
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The station master served an essential
logistical role. They would get the
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ready 30 minutes before a rider was
supposed to arrive.
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They'd have food. They'd have water.
They'd have feed for the horses.
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So they were indispensable to this
route.
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Howdy, Sam. How'd it go?
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How'd it go?
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They haven't got me yet.
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Well, some horse is a heartbeat away,
isn't it? You got that right.
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needed really fast transfers at those
stations. Once the rider got there, they
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only had two minutes to switch mounts.
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All right.
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That's it.
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We'll catch you on the return, Sam.
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Farewell, Bill.
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So the station masters really kept it
moving.
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The chilla was a very small bag that can
carry mail. It was something that a
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rider could throw onto their saddle in
seconds and then be on their way.
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The important thing about the mochila
was that it fit over the saddle so the
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rider could fit on it. There was no
chance of it coming off or being lost.
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That was the responsibility of that Pony
Express rider. You could lose a horse,
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you could lose anything else, but you
don't lose that saddlebag.
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Different horses were required for
different kinds of terrain. So
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were used on the plains, pintos were
used in the middle, and the mustangs
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used in Nevada and then here in Nevada.
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Each horse could carry no more than 165
pounds.
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Speed was everything.
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You wanted to keep things as light as
possible.
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So a maximum of about 20 pounds for the
male itself, 20 pounds for supplies, and
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that left only 125 pounds for the rider
himself.
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These recruitment posters, they look
like wanted posters with criminals and
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wanted and big bold letters.
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And so young kids, teenagers, preteens,
they saw these posters and they
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connected that with adventure and
excitement and this romanticized ideal
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West. And many of them bought into it
and signed up.
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Charlie Miller and his father were on
East Street in Sacramento when they came
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across a horse without a rider and blood
on the saddle.
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They quickly realized that this is a
Queen Express horse, so something
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to that rider onward.
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Whoa, easy, boy.
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It's okay.
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You're safe.
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You're all right.
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Okay.
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The schedule was like a religion for
these boys.
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No matter what danger they face, they
push forward, happier to die in the
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than lose a single minute on the trail.
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We have all been witness to agree this
act today.
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The loss of our rider will not go
unmarked.
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His memory will be held dear and his
service will be remembered.
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00:07:02,670 --> 00:07:06,170
But I turn to you now with a more urgent
request.
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00:07:06,990 --> 00:07:09,270
There's important work that needs to be
completed.
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Letters that must reach Carson City
before nightfall.
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Is there any among you who could carry
on this important mission?
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Is there no one?
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I can do it. I can take the mail.
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Can you ride, son?
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Yeah. He's a great rider.
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Are you sure?
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Well, it's got to be done.
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Then let's get you sorted out.
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For young men thinking about riding for
the Pony Express, there are a couple
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reasons. One, the pay was good, about
$125 a month. But for a lot of these
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men, it was much more about the
excitement and the adventure.
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Raise your right hand and place your
left hand on the Bible.
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Now repeat after me.
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I, Charlie Miller.
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do hereby swear before a great and
living God. I, Charlie Miller, do hereby
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00:08:31,320 --> 00:08:33,820
swear in front of a great and living
God.
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That I will, under no circumstances, use
profane language, I will drink no
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intoxicating liquors, and I will not
quarrel with any other employee of the
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firm. Every new employee had to take an
oath, promising they wouldn't swear,
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00:08:50,680 --> 00:08:53,640
they wouldn't drink, and they wouldn't
fight with other employees.
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00:08:54,020 --> 00:08:55,140
Now, these are young men.
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So it's unclear how many of them
necessarily stuck with that oath, but in
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to get hired, they had to say the words.
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00:09:02,780 --> 00:09:08,300
I will conduct myself honestly, be
faithful to my duties, so help me God.
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00:09:12,080 --> 00:09:13,940
Welcome to the Point Express, son.
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00:09:14,420 --> 00:09:15,420
Thank you, sir.
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Let's get you geared up and ready for
the trip.
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00:09:19,020 --> 00:09:23,560
The riders were given a limited amount
of gear, again, about 20 pounds.
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They were given a rifle, a Colt Navy
revolver, a Bible, and a bugle.
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Why don't you try that on for size?
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You sure you can handle that? I think
so.
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Perhaps we can stick with the Colt.
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After all, it'll be lighter for the
horse.
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Most riders started leaving their rifles
behind.
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They were...
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heavy, they were cumbersome, they were
difficult to carry around.
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And again, Speed was the name of the
game. So when these boys went out there,
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all they had was that Colt pistol.
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Listen to me, son.
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Once you leave Sacramento, you ride fast
and you ride hard.
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00:10:03,970 --> 00:10:07,190
And you don't stop for anyone or
anything. You got that? I won't stop
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Carson's safe. I promise.
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That's my boy.
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I'll see you soon, son.
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00:10:24,460 --> 00:10:29,380
Charlie Miller was the youngest rider in
the history of the Pony Express.
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He was wounded twice by arrows, but the
boy survived.
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Charlie was one of the lucky ones.
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Others were not so fortunate.
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The Pony Express was a great achievement
to be sure.
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But we must not forget the Indians of
this land who didn't look kindly on the
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incursion. This was their home. And
suddenly, it was filled with uninvited
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guests at their front door, clamoring to
get in.
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For some of them, the Pony Express was a
threat.
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And its employees?
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A target.
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One of the riders named Billy Tate, he
came west with his family from Arkansas
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in a wagon train. His family was killed
in the Mountain Meadows Massacre.
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And in 1860, he was hired to ride for
the Pony Express.
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Billy Tate ran away and headed west to
start a new life on his own terms.
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But unfortunately, violence followed
Billy to his very last day.
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The Paiute lived in Nevada and Utah for
over a thousand years.
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This was tough land, but they were able
to find a way of living that worked for
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them. Beginning in the 1830s, that's
when overland transportation really
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and you start seeing settlers come
through there, geographers, surveyors,
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00:12:09,020 --> 00:12:09,819
like that.
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00:12:09,820 --> 00:12:15,120
But it wasn't until the 1850s that the
slow trickle of settlers turned into a
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flood. Thousands and thousands of
people, mainly seeking gold and silver,
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started to pour onto traditional Paiute
land.
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As all these people moved onto that
land, they increasingly burdened the
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resources of this fragile landscape.
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Tensions were running high.
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This wasn't just a competition for
scarce resources, but from the Paiute
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perspective, this was an invasion of
their homeland.
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This was about a 15 -year period of
animosity that built up.
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Sometimes there'd be certain incidents
that would happen, the Paiutes who would
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retaliate against the next wagon train
coming through. You didn't know when and
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00:12:53,360 --> 00:12:55,760
where the Paiutes were going to hit, but
you know they're going to hit.
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00:12:55,980 --> 00:13:01,160
The events that led to Billy Tate's
adventure really began in 1860 with the
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kidnapping of two Paiute women by white
settlers.
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00:13:04,060 --> 00:13:08,960
That then led to the William Station
Massacre, which killed five white
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This was basically the backdrop now for
Billy Tate.
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The way the story goes is that Billy
Tate is ambushed by
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Paiute horsemen in central Nevada.
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00:13:39,020 --> 00:13:40,020
in the Ruby Valley.
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Billy's on the run, so he retreats into
the hill.
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He dismounts his horse and then tries to
find shelter.
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00:14:16,750 --> 00:14:20,270
We need to remember that there weren't
any forts in northern Nevada at this
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point in time.
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00:14:21,190 --> 00:14:23,330
So there was really no safe harbor for
him.
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And he apparently took the wrong route.
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00:14:27,530 --> 00:14:29,430
And he soon finds himself trapped.
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00:14:35,190 --> 00:14:39,550
Billy Tate had to contend with not only
the environment, but also the fact that
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00:14:39,550 --> 00:14:42,030
the Paiute would have known their way
around this area.
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00:14:43,010 --> 00:14:45,790
So instead of escaping, Billy's trapped.
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00:14:46,400 --> 00:14:49,060
He knows it, so he decides to make the
last stand.
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00:15:02,340 --> 00:15:06,300
Unfortunately for Billy, he left his
rifle behind, so he only had his colt,
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00:15:06,300 --> 00:15:09,660
which wouldn't do him any favors in a
firefight for his life.
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00:15:29,160 --> 00:15:33,320
Young Billy's mail did arrive at the
next station a few days later.
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But unfortunately, Billy was not there
to accompany it.
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I don't like the look of this.
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00:15:44,940 --> 00:15:46,080
Keep your guard up.
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Could be a trap.
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00:15:52,420 --> 00:15:56,920
Ponies are very intelligent animals. In
Billy's case, his pony actually made it
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00:15:56,920 --> 00:15:57,920
all the way to the station.
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00:15:58,560 --> 00:15:59,640
Because that's where Spoo was.
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00:16:09,940 --> 00:16:10,940
Tate Pony.
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00:16:11,500 --> 00:16:12,720
So where's Tate?
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00:16:14,440 --> 00:16:16,120
I guess we better go find out.
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00:16:18,120 --> 00:16:23,620
All they could do was backtrack and look
for Billy somewhere along the trail.
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00:16:27,150 --> 00:16:28,210
How long are we gonna look?
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00:16:28,970 --> 00:16:30,330
As long as it takes.
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00:16:33,430 --> 00:16:34,430
Did you see something?
215
00:16:35,410 --> 00:16:36,610
I think I found him.
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00:16:56,040 --> 00:16:57,040
He killed them all.
217
00:16:58,120 --> 00:16:59,120
Not quite.
218
00:17:00,620 --> 00:17:01,620
Some got away.
219
00:17:02,480 --> 00:17:03,480
Wounded, though.
220
00:17:19,460 --> 00:17:20,640
Rest in peace, Billy.
221
00:17:22,920 --> 00:17:26,319
When the station master comes across
Billy's body, he finds it riddled with
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00:17:26,319 --> 00:17:30,320
arrows, but he also finds his revolver
chamber empty and several dead Paiutes
223
00:17:30,320 --> 00:17:35,440
nearby. He made every bullet count. He
killed several, wounded the rest, but
224
00:17:35,440 --> 00:17:37,560
unfortunately he too was shot and
killed.
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00:17:39,980 --> 00:17:44,600
Young Billy was buried in an unmarked
grave somewhere in the Ruby Valley.
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00:17:45,040 --> 00:17:49,820
Nobody knows where for sure, but I'll
tell you something special.
227
00:17:50,430 --> 00:17:55,590
Billy Tate was not scouted by the
Paiutes that day, even though that was
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00:17:55,590 --> 00:18:02,250
practice. No, see, the boy fought
bravely, and this was their way of
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00:18:02,250 --> 00:18:03,250
paying him respect.
230
00:18:03,890 --> 00:18:09,210
But not everyone was shown that same
respect.
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00:18:15,550 --> 00:18:18,850
Riding for the Pony Express was
dangerous work.
232
00:18:20,360 --> 00:18:26,780
Trust me when I say the most dangerous
job fell to the station masters who were
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00:18:26,780 --> 00:18:31,500
sitting ducks in their outposts. At
least the riders could run for their
234
00:18:31,500 --> 00:18:32,500
when threatened.
235
00:18:32,620 --> 00:18:37,900
But the station masters, on the other
hand, they had to wait and hope for the
236
00:18:37,900 --> 00:18:38,900
best.
237
00:18:54,700 --> 00:18:57,820
Pony Express stations were literally in
the middle of nowhere.
238
00:18:58,040 --> 00:19:00,400
There were no cities, no towns.
239
00:19:00,780 --> 00:19:05,300
Nearest help could be miles and miles
away. That was their entire point, to be
240
00:19:05,300 --> 00:19:09,340
an oasis in the landscape for these
riders to come into.
241
00:19:10,040 --> 00:19:12,220
But these were not luxury apartments.
242
00:19:12,420 --> 00:19:15,620
These were effectively a shack and a
stable.
243
00:19:15,860 --> 00:19:20,540
So the station masters who lived there
were living in extreme isolation.
244
00:19:24,970 --> 00:19:25,970
You want some eggs?
245
00:19:26,490 --> 00:19:27,510
Yeah, I'd be fine.
246
00:19:28,730 --> 00:19:29,990
Make some for Dan, too.
247
00:19:30,690 --> 00:19:31,870
He's late, isn't he?
248
00:19:32,510 --> 00:19:34,070
He should be here.
249
00:19:38,410 --> 00:19:39,610
Let me go get it.
250
00:19:43,090 --> 00:19:46,650
There are three things that made these
stations a target for attack.
251
00:19:47,070 --> 00:19:49,410
First, they had food and water.
252
00:19:49,810 --> 00:19:51,390
Second, they had horses.
253
00:19:51,670 --> 00:19:53,510
And third, they were stationary.
254
00:19:54,060 --> 00:19:57,140
They weren't going anywhere, so you knew
exactly where they were.
255
00:20:02,080 --> 00:20:03,080
Oh, no.
256
00:20:03,460 --> 00:20:04,460
We are trouble!
257
00:20:16,980 --> 00:20:21,940
1860 was a tough time to be on the
western half of the Pony Express Trail.
258
00:20:22,410 --> 00:20:24,630
It was the hotbed of violence,
essentially.
259
00:20:24,930 --> 00:20:25,930
Take your rifle!
260
00:20:26,490 --> 00:20:28,650
No, no, this isn't happening.
261
00:20:32,190 --> 00:20:33,190
Hey!
262
00:20:39,150 --> 00:20:41,090
Keep your cool, okay?
263
00:21:04,110 --> 00:21:05,150
The chief is angry.
264
00:21:06,050 --> 00:21:07,390
His people are angry.
265
00:21:08,130 --> 00:21:09,890
And they're here to take our lives.
266
00:21:11,930 --> 00:21:14,410
Unless... Unless what?
267
00:21:15,850 --> 00:21:17,310
They want our gunpowder.
268
00:21:19,670 --> 00:21:20,670
Tell them no.
269
00:21:20,690 --> 00:21:22,630
They're gonna kill us! I said no!
270
00:21:34,250 --> 00:21:35,650
Now, why would he refuse that?
271
00:21:36,450 --> 00:21:40,270
He doesn't want that gunpowder to be
used against migrants, against riders,
272
00:21:40,450 --> 00:21:42,430
against other station masters down the
line.
273
00:21:52,730 --> 00:21:53,730
Well,
274
00:21:54,030 --> 00:21:55,850
what are they saying now? Hold on.
275
00:21:56,370 --> 00:21:57,630
Come on, what are they saying?
276
00:21:59,970 --> 00:22:01,890
They want food.
277
00:22:04,680 --> 00:22:08,440
In that moment, there was a glimmer of
hope for these men.
278
00:22:08,860 --> 00:22:14,100
If they shared their food, then maybe
there was a chance for them after all.
279
00:22:14,460 --> 00:22:18,260
To be clear, we need to make sure that
we don't vilify the Paiute.
280
00:22:18,540 --> 00:22:25,060
Not only have they had this generation's
worth of bad experiences and bad
281
00:22:25,060 --> 00:22:29,540
encounters and massacres with white
settlers, but on top of that, they had a
282
00:22:29,540 --> 00:22:31,340
very bad harvest the previous winter.
283
00:22:31,740 --> 00:22:36,720
They were starving. They were in very
bad condition. And this was a very
284
00:22:36,720 --> 00:22:38,580
vulnerable time for that people.
285
00:22:49,040 --> 00:22:53,060
This is all we have.
286
00:22:53,960 --> 00:22:55,680
It's for you.
287
00:22:57,000 --> 00:22:59,120
It's for all.
288
00:23:33,040 --> 00:23:35,440
What's he saying?
289
00:23:35,900 --> 00:23:36,940
This is no good.
290
00:23:37,420 --> 00:23:38,420
They need bread.
291
00:23:38,900 --> 00:23:40,220
They want us to make bread.
292
00:23:40,460 --> 00:23:41,980
Well, make them bread. I can't.
293
00:23:42,240 --> 00:23:43,520
That was all the flour.
294
00:23:47,140 --> 00:23:48,140
We gotta go!
295
00:23:48,740 --> 00:23:50,040
Now! Now!
296
00:23:50,740 --> 00:23:51,740
Mr. Ford!
297
00:23:52,200 --> 00:23:53,240
Mr. Ford!
298
00:23:57,280 --> 00:24:00,240
Any hope for them should have been gone.
299
00:24:00,780 --> 00:24:03,700
But William Dennis was watching from a
nearby ridge.
300
00:24:03,900 --> 00:24:09,200
The Pony Express rider that was
scheduled to arrive there that very
301
00:24:09,200 --> 00:24:10,680
he had to get help.
302
00:24:11,300 --> 00:24:16,180
He goes down to the nearest Army
detachment and alerts them to the fact
303
00:24:16,180 --> 00:24:18,280
there's possible trouble at Egan
Station.
304
00:24:37,930 --> 00:24:41,630
Lieutenant Stephen Weed launches a
charge on Eakin Canyon Station.
305
00:24:42,070 --> 00:24:44,790
They chase out the Paiutes after a
firefight.
306
00:24:45,230 --> 00:24:48,930
Three of their men are wounded. They
kill several Paiutes and injure several
307
00:24:48,930 --> 00:24:51,970
more. The cavalry literally rode to the
rescue.
308
00:24:52,250 --> 00:24:55,650
Many station employees lost their lives
that year.
309
00:24:55,930 --> 00:24:59,910
But the Paiutes weren't the only ones
known to attack.
310
00:25:02,050 --> 00:25:03,410
Whoa there, friend.
311
00:25:08,270 --> 00:25:13,810
The Pony Express faced many threats from
Indians, but it also faced threats from
312
00:25:13,810 --> 00:25:16,730
thieves, bandits, and murderers alike.
313
00:25:17,050 --> 00:25:23,390
In these violent days, a brave few rose
to protect the weak. And the greatest
314
00:25:23,390 --> 00:25:30,310
amongst them was my dear friend, James
Butler Hickok. He wasn't known as
315
00:25:30,310 --> 00:25:31,850
Wild Bill in those days.
316
00:25:32,090 --> 00:25:36,170
No, at the age of 24, he was just a
young hero in the making.
317
00:25:42,350 --> 00:25:47,070
The Wild Bill Hickok's involvement in
the Pony Express has taken a lot of
318
00:25:47,070 --> 00:25:50,890
different forms over the years through
the historical channel.
319
00:25:51,330 --> 00:25:53,250
Some say he was a stock tender.
320
00:25:53,570 --> 00:25:56,870
Some say he was sort of an auxiliary
member of the mail service.
321
00:25:57,210 --> 00:26:01,970
Buffalo Bill, William Frederick Cody,
says that he was a rider, a courier.
322
00:26:02,250 --> 00:26:05,250
Wild Bill's fame did not come until
1867.
323
00:26:05,740 --> 00:26:10,780
I think that the Rock Creek episode in
Hickok's career helps to establish his
324
00:26:10,780 --> 00:26:14,300
fame. His reputation was unknown at that
time.
325
00:26:17,440 --> 00:26:21,940
According to legend, while Bill blew his
bugle, didn't hear anything in return,
326
00:26:22,160 --> 00:26:24,860
and this alerted him to the fact that
something was up.
327
00:26:37,930 --> 00:26:38,930
I don't like to see it.
328
00:27:31,720 --> 00:27:32,760
Whoa there, friend.
329
00:27:38,060 --> 00:27:43,540
According to legend, Wild Bill comes
into the station, finds the dead stock
330
00:27:43,540 --> 00:27:46,120
tender, and then hears screaming in an
adjacent cabin.
331
00:27:46,360 --> 00:27:49,400
The stock tender had just gotten
married, and that was his young bride.
332
00:27:49,740 --> 00:27:51,700
No! No! No!
333
00:27:54,980 --> 00:27:57,960
What are you doing? Shut up!
334
00:27:59,020 --> 00:28:00,120
Back away from her!
335
00:28:06,800 --> 00:28:13,600
Second only to Wild Bill's reputation as
a marksman is his reputation with hand
336
00:28:13,600 --> 00:28:14,600
-to -hand combat.
337
00:28:15,840 --> 00:28:18,240
Oh, I don't know who you are.
338
00:28:18,660 --> 00:28:19,820
That's if you leave.
339
00:28:20,820 --> 00:28:23,120
We're long past that, friend.
340
00:28:24,920 --> 00:28:25,940
Sit down.
341
00:28:35,470 --> 00:28:41,090
The incident at Rock Creek Station
solidified Hickok's reputation as a
342
00:28:41,250 --> 00:28:46,250
Whether by revolver, knife, or his bare
hands, the man was ferocious.
343
00:28:46,510 --> 00:28:50,150
He never backed down from a fight. Now,
I'm talking about a fight with one guy,
344
00:28:50,310 --> 00:28:52,770
two guys, three guys. It didn't matter.
345
00:28:52,990 --> 00:28:55,570
He didn't start a fight, but he finished
the fight.
346
00:29:12,520 --> 00:29:13,560
You all right, ma 'am?
347
00:29:13,780 --> 00:29:14,780
I think so.
348
00:29:16,320 --> 00:29:17,600
Are you going after him?
349
00:29:17,900 --> 00:29:19,760
No, I reckon I'll stay here with you.
350
00:29:21,660 --> 00:29:23,000
He ain't coming back.
351
00:29:23,900 --> 00:29:27,280
The man who escaped was the sole
survivor of McCandless Gang.
352
00:29:27,520 --> 00:29:32,700
According to legend, they were picked
for the meanest, wickedest gun flingers
353
00:29:32,700 --> 00:29:33,760
west of the Mississippi.
354
00:29:34,380 --> 00:29:35,380
Thank you, stranger.
355
00:29:36,080 --> 00:29:37,140
My name's Hickok.
356
00:29:38,060 --> 00:29:39,320
Thank you, Mr. Hickok.
357
00:29:39,580 --> 00:29:40,580
I'm sure you're all right.
358
00:29:41,870 --> 00:29:43,850
Let's get you out of here. Come on. Come
on.
359
00:29:46,050 --> 00:29:49,390
This is Wild Bill's first gunfight.
360
00:29:49,630 --> 00:29:51,930
From there, the legend grew.
361
00:29:52,210 --> 00:29:56,410
He becomes a storied gunslinger in the
American West.
362
00:29:56,730 --> 00:30:03,150
He was not a typical gunfighter. Hickok
dressed exceedingly well. He was a
363
00:30:03,150 --> 00:30:07,410
gentleman. He could get along with
everybody. A classic American citizen.
364
00:30:12,400 --> 00:30:15,640
This wagon will take you and your
husband to Nebraska City.
365
00:30:16,120 --> 00:30:17,500
Wait, where are you going?
366
00:30:18,240 --> 00:30:19,580
Do your calls, ma 'am.
367
00:30:20,060 --> 00:30:21,400
I have to complete my ride.
368
00:30:22,040 --> 00:30:23,280
Please, won't you come?
369
00:30:23,620 --> 00:30:24,620
My condolences.
370
00:30:25,840 --> 00:30:26,960
I must be going.
371
00:30:28,260 --> 00:30:29,260
Ma 'am.
372
00:30:33,680 --> 00:30:38,480
After the incident at Rock Creek, folks
took to calling him Wild Bill.
373
00:30:39,280 --> 00:30:41,920
And he gladly accepted the new moniker.
374
00:30:43,940 --> 00:30:47,780
The Pony Express faced a heap of trouble
in its time.
375
00:30:47,980 --> 00:30:49,680
But it was worth all of it.
376
00:30:50,160 --> 00:30:53,120
Just to deliver one letter.
377
00:31:06,540 --> 00:31:09,600
New York has given Lincoln a majority of
50 ,000.
378
00:31:10,100 --> 00:31:12,680
And with that, his election is conceded.
379
00:31:13,460 --> 00:31:19,020
With the triumph of the Republicans in
each of the free states, Abraham Lincoln
380
00:31:19,020 --> 00:31:21,760
is the new president of the United
States.
381
00:31:25,040 --> 00:31:30,060
In March 1861, a very important message
from Washington needed to make its way
382
00:31:30,060 --> 00:31:31,760
to California as fast as possible.
383
00:31:32,160 --> 00:31:36,100
The transcontinental telegraph line was
being built, but it wasn't quite yet
384
00:31:36,100 --> 00:31:40,200
complete. The West Coast had telegraph
lines, the East Coast and the Midwest
385
00:31:40,200 --> 00:31:43,880
telegraph lines, but she had that gap
right in the middle. So a telegraph
386
00:31:43,880 --> 00:31:48,060
message that was sent from Washington, D
.C. could make it all the way to Fort
387
00:31:48,060 --> 00:31:49,140
Kearney, Nebraska.
388
00:31:49,560 --> 00:31:54,660
But then there was a 1 ,300 -mile gap
between there and Nevada.
389
00:31:55,020 --> 00:31:59,080
That 1 ,300 -mile gap was filled by the
Pony Express.
390
00:32:05,800 --> 00:32:10,900
They had fresh horses staged along the
way, so they could get on that next
391
00:32:10,900 --> 00:32:11,859
and go.
392
00:32:11,860 --> 00:32:14,220
Cover that ground as fast as they could.
393
00:32:19,540 --> 00:32:22,500
They had to have their best riders,
fastest horses.
394
00:32:24,700 --> 00:32:28,200
For the Pony Express, this had to be
their finest hour.
395
00:32:29,580 --> 00:32:34,540
Mighty tight turnover today.
396
00:32:35,420 --> 00:32:36,420
Important message.
397
00:32:37,000 --> 00:32:38,000
What's in it?
398
00:32:38,540 --> 00:32:39,800
Later from the president.
399
00:32:42,440 --> 00:32:43,480
Hope he makes it.
400
00:32:44,420 --> 00:32:45,420
He will.
401
00:32:46,940 --> 00:32:50,660
One of those riders was a man named Pony
Bob Haslam.
402
00:32:50,880 --> 00:32:55,400
He had been with the company since the
beginning. He had been hired to help
403
00:32:55,400 --> 00:32:58,660
build the station and the trail in the
early days.
404
00:32:59,600 --> 00:33:04,140
Pony Bob is well known and associated
with Pony Express for Two main reasons.
405
00:33:04,320 --> 00:33:09,700
The first reason was he did the longest
ride, 380 miles, during the Paiute War.
406
00:33:09,900 --> 00:33:12,140
It was the longest ride in Pony Express
history.
407
00:33:12,400 --> 00:33:17,500
The second reason is because he
transported Lincoln's inaugural address
408
00:33:17,660 --> 00:33:19,200
Joseph, Missouri, all the way to
Sacramento.
409
00:33:19,460 --> 00:33:24,120
The most important piece of mail that
the Pony Express carried in its short
410
00:33:24,120 --> 00:33:27,620
existence was Lincoln's inaugural
address.
411
00:33:28,110 --> 00:33:33,170
In the fall of 1860, the American people
elected Abraham Lincoln to be their
412
00:33:33,170 --> 00:33:34,190
next president.
413
00:33:34,390 --> 00:33:39,690
By the time of his inauguration, seven
states had seceded from the United
414
00:33:39,690 --> 00:33:46,630
to form the Confederacy. His
inauguration was a plea to hold the
415
00:33:47,150 --> 00:33:51,470
So America was on the throes of civil
war. It was of vital importance to keep
416
00:33:51,470 --> 00:33:54,650
California and the rest of the West
Coast in the Union as well.
417
00:33:55,120 --> 00:33:59,300
California was so important because this
was the new frontier. This was the
418
00:33:59,300 --> 00:34:00,300
future of America.
419
00:34:00,400 --> 00:34:05,780
Gold, silver, people, trade, the world
beyond the Pacific.
420
00:34:06,260 --> 00:34:08,340
California was the portal to all of
that.
421
00:34:08,800 --> 00:34:13,320
Both the Confederacy and the United
States had their eyes on California to
422
00:34:13,320 --> 00:34:15,320
able to finance this coming war.
423
00:34:15,560 --> 00:34:20,280
And it wasn't a foregone conclusion that
California was going to go towards the
424
00:34:20,280 --> 00:34:24,239
United States. There was a significant
Confederate sympathizing population.
425
00:34:24,679 --> 00:34:28,840
So Lincoln was trying to do everything
possible to keep California in the
426
00:34:29,000 --> 00:34:33,320
Part of that was sending the inaugural
address and reassuring Californians that
427
00:34:33,320 --> 00:34:34,780
they were part of the nation.
428
00:34:44,750 --> 00:34:50,469
Tony Bob to cover this country at speed
meant that he was certainly throwing
429
00:34:50,469 --> 00:34:51,949
himself in harm's way.
430
00:34:53,210 --> 00:34:56,650
Tony Bob's route was dangerous. He was
going right through Paiute territory.
431
00:34:56,909 --> 00:35:00,430
And even though the war had recently
ended, there was still the possibility
432
00:35:00,430 --> 00:35:02,730
a war band might come out of nowhere and
attack.
433
00:35:27,920 --> 00:35:31,960
Pony Bob is on the run. The Paiute War
Party is chasing him, but an arrow hits
434
00:35:31,960 --> 00:35:33,640
his arm, and this forces his hand.
435
00:36:05,340 --> 00:36:08,300
Handguns are not accurate at any kind of
range.
436
00:36:08,600 --> 00:36:14,080
Shooting the horses was a much more
logical step than trying to shoot the
437
00:36:14,080 --> 00:36:15,080
riders.
438
00:36:16,620 --> 00:36:21,800
He could have stayed to finish the
fight, but Pony Bob understood his duty
439
00:36:21,800 --> 00:36:26,940
clearly. This letter really proved to
Californians that they were part of the
440
00:36:26,940 --> 00:36:29,540
nation. Being one week removed from...
441
00:36:29,840 --> 00:36:34,020
The East Coast was significantly better
than being one month, being six months,
442
00:36:34,080 --> 00:36:36,880
being a year, which is what the
experience had been formerly.
443
00:36:37,180 --> 00:36:41,740
California now felt like a more closely
knit part of the union, like a more
444
00:36:41,740 --> 00:36:42,740
integrated part.
445
00:36:42,980 --> 00:36:48,860
And in a nation that's dividing,
literally fraying at the seams, cleaving
446
00:36:49,160 --> 00:36:53,760
California, for whatever reason, because
of this letter, became a little closer
447
00:36:53,760 --> 00:36:54,760
to it.
448
00:36:54,820 --> 00:36:59,340
Coney Bob's ride helped to save the
union that day of this.
449
00:36:59,760 --> 00:37:00,880
I am certain.
450
00:37:06,680 --> 00:37:10,460
When the end came for the Pony Express,
it was sudden.
451
00:37:10,720 --> 00:37:11,840
It was swift.
452
00:37:12,400 --> 00:37:15,140
But I guarantee you, no one was
surprised.
453
00:37:15,480 --> 00:37:18,380
The telegraph was the death blow to the
Pony Express.
454
00:37:18,780 --> 00:37:24,260
After the transcontinental telegraph
line opened, the Pony Express closed.
455
00:37:24,880 --> 00:37:27,680
And yet, the Pony Express is...
456
00:37:27,950 --> 00:37:34,350
both a beginning and an end. It is the
beginning of the Old West, the open
457
00:37:34,350 --> 00:37:39,790
-range cattle ranches, the mass movement
of Americans in a systematic, rapid
458
00:37:39,790 --> 00:37:42,990
fashion, wagon trains going into the
unknown.
459
00:37:43,210 --> 00:37:48,110
Long after the Pony Express was
delivering mail, it was delivering
460
00:37:48,670 --> 00:37:54,710
It existed only as a letter service, and
yet a more glamorous contribution to
461
00:37:54,710 --> 00:37:56,570
our Western heritage would be hard to
find.
462
00:37:57,120 --> 00:38:00,080
We can put all the trappings of romance
on it we want.
463
00:38:00,280 --> 00:38:04,580
And this is really the value as we look
at this from a historical perspective.
464
00:38:05,000 --> 00:38:06,660
That's what the Pony Express did.
465
00:38:06,940 --> 00:38:11,120
It gave us a means for understanding the
development of the West.
466
00:38:11,440 --> 00:38:16,960
I cannot name a single writer that was
hired the first day and was there at the
467
00:38:16,960 --> 00:38:19,040
last day. I don't know if there is one.
468
00:38:19,320 --> 00:38:23,300
Because the writers came and went. But
the stories that they shared and what
469
00:38:23,300 --> 00:38:24,620
they brought back to their communities.
470
00:38:25,210 --> 00:38:28,510
This got out into the American public.
It's a story of heroes.
471
00:38:28,730 --> 00:38:30,290
And it endures to this day.
472
00:38:30,550 --> 00:38:35,950
The Pony Express embodies, I think, all
of these different aspects of Western
473
00:38:35,950 --> 00:38:41,090
America and its history. And in
particular, the aspects that we want to
474
00:38:41,090 --> 00:38:46,670
remember. The romance, the adventure,
the environment, the danger. It becomes
475
00:38:46,670 --> 00:38:51,570
central to how the American people think
about and remember and sometimes
476
00:38:51,570 --> 00:38:54,270
misremember the Western United States.
477
00:38:54,860 --> 00:38:59,000
So whether or not all of these things
actually happened, whether or not they
478
00:38:59,000 --> 00:39:03,240
were accurate, I think even just looking
at the Pony Express, it oftentimes
479
00:39:03,240 --> 00:39:08,400
reflects some of the values and the
stories that we want to believe about
480
00:39:08,400 --> 00:39:09,400
own past.
481
00:39:10,120 --> 00:39:16,960
Just two days after the telegraph line
was finished, the Pony Express ceased
482
00:39:16,960 --> 00:39:18,160
to exist.
483
00:39:18,520 --> 00:39:23,880
But in our short time, we delivered 35
,000 letters.
484
00:39:24,380 --> 00:39:27,060
and only lost the one mochila.
485
00:39:28,080 --> 00:39:34,760
But the best thing that we ever did was
to give this young country some
486
00:39:34,760 --> 00:39:36,460
heroes of its own.
487
00:39:43,900 --> 00:39:45,920
Well performed, Mr. Cody.
488
00:39:46,460 --> 00:39:48,300
Thank you for your audience, Mr. Edison.
489
00:39:50,410 --> 00:39:55,010
Buffalo Bill and Thomas Edison did meet
on at least two occasions, one time at
490
00:39:55,010 --> 00:40:00,110
the Paris Exposition in 1889 and another
time at the Chicago World's Fair in
491
00:40:00,110 --> 00:40:05,670
1893. These two men, Thomas Edison and
Buffalo Bill, really represent a
492
00:40:05,670 --> 00:40:09,650
transition from the 19th century to the
20th century.
493
00:40:09,970 --> 00:40:15,270
And in a lot of ways, this was a passing
of the baton from one storyteller to
494
00:40:15,270 --> 00:40:16,069
the next.
495
00:40:16,070 --> 00:40:18,630
Bronco Charlie, Wild Bill.
496
00:40:19,820 --> 00:40:20,820
Tony Bob.
497
00:40:20,920 --> 00:40:25,000
These are all very colorful characters
with incredible tales.
498
00:40:25,800 --> 00:40:29,200
But I must ask, how much of this is
true?
499
00:40:29,760 --> 00:40:34,340
Well, Mr. Edison, you can appreciate in
this world there are truths, there are
500
00:40:34,340 --> 00:40:36,100
half -truths, and there are legends.
501
00:40:36,620 --> 00:40:37,620
I'm a busy man.
502
00:40:38,140 --> 00:40:39,740
I only have time for the legends.
503
00:40:41,920 --> 00:40:42,920
Buffalo Bill.
504
00:40:43,320 --> 00:40:47,920
He is probably the best storyteller for
the American West that's ever existed.
505
00:40:48,220 --> 00:40:53,380
And what he was involved in, what he
actually did, there's debates about
506
00:40:53,480 --> 00:40:58,760
But what he did manage to do is keep a
version of the American West alive to
507
00:40:58,760 --> 00:40:59,760
present day.
508
00:40:59,800 --> 00:41:04,700
Buffalo Bill introduced Easterners and
people throughout the world to the West
509
00:41:04,700 --> 00:41:06,660
in a brand new way.
510
00:41:07,310 --> 00:41:13,630
The Wild West show brings together
indigenous warriors, gunfighters, Annie
511
00:41:13,630 --> 00:41:18,630
Oakley, Pony Express riders, all these
old legends of the West.
512
00:41:18,890 --> 00:41:22,290
And it is really the beginning of a
cinematic Western.
513
00:41:24,030 --> 00:41:25,750
Well, I like it.
514
00:41:25,970 --> 00:41:30,110
Mr. Cody, how would you like to make a
motion picture with me?
515
00:41:30,470 --> 00:41:31,470
What do you have in mind?
516
00:41:31,690 --> 00:41:36,310
I was thinking, why don't we make a
Western?
517
00:41:40,400 --> 00:41:41,400
What are their partners?
518
00:41:48,820 --> 00:41:52,920
To a large degree, Buffalo Bill was
passing on the torch to Thomas Edison.
519
00:41:53,460 --> 00:41:59,420
Here you have this roadshow master in
Thomas Edison whose inventions will lead
520
00:41:59,420 --> 00:42:04,120
to ways that we consume information and
stories today about the American West.
521
00:42:04,540 --> 00:42:05,740
Film and cinema.
522
00:42:06,360 --> 00:42:11,320
cements the status of the Pony Express
in so many Americans' imaginations.
523
00:42:11,420 --> 00:42:17,520
Putting it on the big screen and making
all these myths and legends and stories
524
00:42:17,520 --> 00:42:19,500
a part of American culture.
525
00:42:20,160 --> 00:42:26,540
We love entertainment, and Hollywood was
a big part of exciting the American
526
00:42:26,540 --> 00:42:28,460
public to the American West.
527
00:42:28,840 --> 00:42:34,520
These movies really inspired our
imagination, and the Pony Express.
528
00:42:35,280 --> 00:42:37,260
It was a big part of that. I'll be
seeing you.
529
00:42:37,900 --> 00:42:43,080
That was where the Western began, the
beginning of all Western films that we
530
00:42:43,080 --> 00:42:44,080
today.
531
00:42:45,660 --> 00:42:51,160
Romanticized for sure, but boy, people
really latched onto it.
532
00:42:51,360 --> 00:42:54,560
The last ride of Pony Express.
44203
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