All language subtitles for Mayday.S26E02.1080p.WEB.H264-DJT_track3_[eng]

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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,535 --> 00:00:04,738  (Narrator): Just moments         after taking off                2 00:00:04,804 --> 00:00:07,140   from a remote                     island in Norway...           3 00:00:09,676 --> 00:00:11,077   - Something's wrong.           4 00:00:11,144 --> 00:00:13,613     (Narrator): ... the pilots    of Wideroe Flight 8-3-9         5 00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:15,515    lose control of their plane.  6 00:00:15,582 --> 00:00:17,083 - Oh God.                        7 00:00:17,150 --> 00:00:18,985   (Narrator): It plunges          into the Norwegian Sea,         8 00:00:19,052 --> 00:00:21,488     killing everyone on board.   9 00:00:23,790 --> 00:00:28,361   In the wreckage, investigators find damage to a critical part.  10 00:00:29,029 --> 00:00:31,231    - The upper end is broken.    11 00:00:32,866 --> 00:00:35,101 - It didn't make                  a great deal of sense.          12 00:00:35,168 --> 00:00:38,972     (Narrator): And when they       learn another Wideroe flight  13 00:00:39,039 --> 00:00:41,975  nearly met the same fate          at the same airport...         14 00:00:42,042 --> 00:00:43,777 - It looks like they lost          control of the plane           15 00:00:43,843 --> 00:00:45,078    for two minutes...            16 00:00:45,145 --> 00:00:47,347  (passengers screaming)             - We're going over.           17 00:00:49,616 --> 00:00:50,817  (passengers screaming)          18 00:00:50,884 --> 00:00:54,521    (Narrator): ...they discover   a controversial decision        19 00:00:54,587 --> 00:00:56,222  that put lives at risk.         20 00:00:56,289 --> 00:00:59,526 - I wish that we had put           our foot down                  21 00:00:59,592 --> 00:01:01,161 and said no more.                22 00:01:02,862 --> 00:01:04,664  (radio): Mayday, mayday!        23 00:01:06,566 --> 00:01:08,501  Pull up.                        24 00:01:09,502 --> 00:01:11,738  (radio chatter)                 25 00:01:24,050 --> 00:01:27,420   (eerie music)                  26 00:01:30,457 --> 00:01:33,026  - Putting the seatbelt sign on. 27 00:01:34,561 --> 00:01:36,663     (Narrator): Wideroe Flight     8-3-6                          28 00:01:36,729 --> 00:01:40,900   is heading to a remote outpost     on the Lofoten archipelago   29 00:01:40,967 --> 00:01:43,403   in the Norwegian Sea.          30 00:01:43,470 --> 00:01:48,041   - Lofoten is one of the most      beautiful places in Norway.   31 00:01:48,975 --> 00:01:52,112   It's a place where Norwegians     would want to go on holiday   32 00:01:52,178 --> 00:01:55,081  to experience untouched nature  33 00:01:55,148 --> 00:01:58,651  and especially                  the beautiful mountains.         34 00:02:00,920 --> 00:02:04,090    (Narrator): Tonight's flight      is carrying 11 passengers.   35 00:02:04,157 --> 00:02:06,259    Most are Norwegians,          36 00:02:06,326 --> 00:02:08,761  traveling to the islands            from the mainland.           37 00:02:10,530 --> 00:02:14,634  (radio): Wideroe 8-3-6.          Runway 25 free.                 38 00:02:14,701 --> 00:02:18,838    Winds variable 10 21              at 2-6-0 degrees.            39 00:02:18,905 --> 00:02:21,374   Visibility 25-hundred meters.  40 00:02:21,441 --> 00:02:24,477    - Copy that, Wideroe 8-3-6.   41 00:02:29,582 --> 00:02:33,286 (Narrator): Wideroe is Norway's      largest regional airline.    42 00:02:33,353 --> 00:02:36,389    It serves remote communities     across the country.           43 00:02:37,657 --> 00:02:42,128   (Lise): Since the 1960's and     70's it was a push in Norway   44 00:02:42,195 --> 00:02:45,398    to build regional airports     in rural areas.                 45 00:02:45,465 --> 00:02:48,568  It made people                     feel less isolated            46 00:02:48,635 --> 00:02:51,638   and it made traveling            a lot easier.                  47 00:02:54,174 --> 00:02:55,909   (Narrator): The plane           is heading first                48 00:02:55,975 --> 00:02:58,011   to the small island of Vaeroy  49 00:02:58,077 --> 00:03:00,113     and then southwest to Rost   50 00:03:00,180 --> 00:03:03,349    before returning to               the mainland city of Bodo.   51 00:03:05,752 --> 00:03:07,854   - Approach checklist.          52 00:03:09,088 --> 00:03:10,456    (Narrator): 12 miles              from the airport,            53 00:03:10,523 --> 00:03:12,792   the crew prepares for landing. 54 00:03:13,860 --> 00:03:16,462    - The crew was experienced    55 00:03:16,529 --> 00:03:19,532  but this was the first time the  captain had flown into Vaeroy.  56 00:03:19,599 --> 00:03:21,467   - Altimeters.                  57 00:03:23,736 --> 00:03:25,238  - Set.                          58 00:03:26,573 --> 00:03:29,742     (Narrator): They're flying       a De Havilland Twin Otter.   59 00:03:30,577 --> 00:03:34,080   It's a twin turboprop              utility aircraft,            60 00:03:34,147 --> 00:03:36,983  a workhorse for                     getting in and out           61 00:03:37,050 --> 00:03:39,219     of small remote airports.    62 00:03:40,486 --> 00:03:42,655    - The best airplane             in the world.                  63 00:03:44,457 --> 00:03:47,026    It's an incredibly            sturdy aircraft.                 64 00:03:47,093 --> 00:03:49,295   Very pilot-friendly.           65 00:03:50,063 --> 00:03:52,498  We have a long,                 mountainous coast                66 00:03:52,565 --> 00:03:55,702   and for that                      the Twin Otter was perfect.   67 00:03:59,239 --> 00:04:01,341 - Landing lights.                68 00:04:02,475 --> 00:04:03,943    On.                           69 00:04:04,010 --> 00:04:06,145    (Narrator):                      Wideroe Flight 8-3-6          70 00:04:06,212 --> 00:04:09,182    is now minutes from               landing at Vaeroy.           71 00:04:09,249 --> 00:04:12,719  - And seat belt... already on.  72 00:04:13,620 --> 00:04:15,788    (Narrator):                      But the airport is notorious  73 00:04:15,855 --> 00:04:17,757  for unpredictable winds.        74 00:04:18,524 --> 00:04:21,761    - Vaeroy translated              means "the weather island".   75 00:04:22,662 --> 00:04:26,199  The airport was located            to the north of the island    76 00:04:26,266 --> 00:04:28,334   between the mountain             and the sea.                   77 00:04:28,401 --> 00:04:32,071   It's a very demanding             flying environment            78 00:04:32,138 --> 00:04:35,041    because the weather             changes all the time,          79 00:04:35,108 --> 00:04:37,343    so the pilots have            to adapt to that.                80 00:04:39,212 --> 00:04:41,314   - Set flaps.                   81 00:04:43,049 --> 00:04:44,884    Flaps set.                    82 00:04:45,518 --> 00:04:47,420    (Narrator):                       With the runway in sight,    83 00:04:47,487 --> 00:04:49,589    the pilots begin to line up      for landing.                  84 00:04:49,656 --> 00:04:52,325 But, just as the plane turns...  85 00:04:53,526 --> 00:04:55,762     it's rocked by turbulence.   86 00:05:01,100 --> 00:05:02,835 - I have control.                87 00:05:03,870 --> 00:05:05,438    - You have control.           88 00:05:07,607 --> 00:05:09,942 (Harald): When flying at Vaeroy, 89 00:05:10,009 --> 00:05:12,478  you will experience turbulence, 90 00:05:12,545 --> 00:05:14,814  and you will be tossed around.  91 00:05:18,284 --> 00:05:21,387   - This isn't getting better.      Go around.                    92 00:05:24,824 --> 00:05:28,194  - He obviously decided that the  situation was not good to land  93 00:05:28,261 --> 00:05:29,629    so he went around.            94 00:05:29,696 --> 00:05:31,397    It was a great call             on his part.                   95 00:05:33,099 --> 00:05:34,734    - Flaps up.                   96 00:05:34,801 --> 00:05:37,704     (Narrator): As the captain       powers out of the landing,   97 00:05:37,770 --> 00:05:41,007   the plane is hit with             a powerful downdraft          98 00:05:41,074 --> 00:05:43,543  and extreme turbulence.         99 00:05:46,746 --> 00:05:48,681 (Harald): You get sort of         a tunnel vision                 100 00:05:48,748 --> 00:05:51,651    when you're in a situation       like that.                    101 00:05:51,718 --> 00:05:54,721 And you pull out                    all your resources            102 00:05:54,787 --> 00:05:58,358 and you try to counteract          the situation that you're in.  103 00:06:00,993 --> 00:06:02,662    (Narrator): For two minutes,  104 00:06:02,729 --> 00:06:05,064   the captain struggles             to level the plane.           105 00:06:05,932 --> 00:06:07,633    (grunting)                    106 00:06:08,067 --> 00:06:10,503  - He was in extreme turbulence. 107 00:06:10,570 --> 00:06:12,238    You're momentarily             out of control.                 108 00:06:12,305 --> 00:06:14,040    You may or may not             regain control.                 109 00:06:16,376 --> 00:06:18,745    (grunting)                    110 00:06:24,183 --> 00:06:25,785    - We're going over.           111 00:06:26,719 --> 00:06:29,122   (Narrator): The force             of the wind becomes so great  112 00:06:29,188 --> 00:06:32,592     that the plane rolls over      speeding toward the mountains. 113 00:06:35,194 --> 00:06:36,929    - Altitude?                   114 00:06:39,031 --> 00:06:41,100 - I-I can't see anything.        115 00:06:41,167 --> 00:06:45,338  (passengers screaming)          116 00:06:45,972 --> 00:06:48,074    (grunting)                    117 00:06:51,010 --> 00:06:53,513 Come on!                         118 00:06:54,213 --> 00:06:56,249 Come on!                         119 00:06:56,315 --> 00:06:58,684  (passengers screaming)          120 00:07:01,053 --> 00:07:03,489    (Narrator): Only 250            feet from the ground,          121 00:07:03,556 --> 00:07:07,994    the captain levels the plane      and pulls out of the dive.   122 00:07:12,999 --> 00:07:14,934  (sighs)                         123 00:07:15,001 --> 00:07:17,103  - I just can't believe          that he recovered                124 00:07:17,170 --> 00:07:18,871  at such a low altitude.         125 00:07:23,443 --> 00:07:25,678    - Put in headings for Rost.   126 00:07:30,283 --> 00:07:33,486  - Wideroe 8-3-6                   has aborted landing,           127 00:07:33,553 --> 00:07:35,521   redirecting to Rost.           128 00:07:35,588 --> 00:07:39,192    (radio): Copy that,               Wideroe 8-3-6. Stay safe.    129 00:07:39,258 --> 00:07:41,127    - Everyone okay back there?   130 00:07:48,134 --> 00:07:52,038     (Narrator): Wideroe Flight    8-3-6 escapes disaster.         131 00:07:52,104 --> 00:07:54,507    No one on board is injured.   132 00:07:57,777 --> 00:08:00,480    - I'm still shaking             my head at that one.           133 00:08:00,546 --> 00:08:02,582  That was an ace pilot.          134 00:08:04,584 --> 00:08:06,619 (Narrator): In the city of Bodo, 135 00:08:06,686 --> 00:08:10,323 officials from Wideroe Airlines    cancel all flights into Vaeroy 136 00:08:10,389 --> 00:08:12,525   while they try                     and piece together           137 00:08:12,592 --> 00:08:15,394 what happened with Flight 8-3-6. 138 00:08:15,461 --> 00:08:18,364     As part of                       an internal investigation,   139 00:08:18,431 --> 00:08:20,666     the pilot is interviewed.    140 00:08:21,467 --> 00:08:23,402    - We were lining up             for approach.                  141 00:08:23,469 --> 00:08:26,772  Turbulence was getting          worse and worse.                 142 00:08:28,140 --> 00:08:29,742  I have control.                 143 00:08:32,211 --> 00:08:34,347 It was obvious we couldn't land. 144 00:08:34,413 --> 00:08:36,616  I applied power to the engines  145 00:08:36,682 --> 00:08:39,785  and we climbed                     to about 1800 feet            146 00:08:39,852 --> 00:08:44,490 where we got hit                 with a massive downdraft.        147 00:08:48,361 --> 00:08:50,029 We're going over.                148 00:08:50,096 --> 00:08:52,732  (passengers screaming)          149 00:08:56,535 --> 00:08:59,105   I battled that plane,          150 00:08:59,705 --> 00:09:02,208  trying to keep it away             from the mountains.           151 00:09:03,409 --> 00:09:05,845 Come on!                         152 00:09:08,247 --> 00:09:10,049 Come on!                         153 00:09:11,517 --> 00:09:13,986   Eventually I was able            to level out,                  154 00:09:14,053 --> 00:09:18,090    climbed to a safe altitude      and turned for Rost.           155 00:09:20,126 --> 00:09:23,696 - It would be terrifying            for them, I'm sure.           156 00:09:25,097 --> 00:09:29,035   - I've heard stories              about that airport.           157 00:09:30,403 --> 00:09:32,238 And they're true.                158 00:09:34,807 --> 00:09:37,310 (Harald):                         The pilots were not very happy. 159 00:09:38,177 --> 00:09:42,548   We realized this had            been a serious incident         160 00:09:42,615 --> 00:09:45,518   and we had to tighten             the operational requirement   161 00:09:45,585 --> 00:09:48,955 at the island to                    make Vaeroy safer.            162 00:09:51,958 --> 00:09:54,827    (Narrator): The first action      taken by Wideroe officials   163 00:09:54,894 --> 00:09:58,698   is to reduce the maximum wind    speeds for takeoff and landing 164 00:09:58,764 --> 00:10:02,902     at Vaeroy airport               from 20 to 15 knots.          165 00:10:02,969 --> 00:10:06,572  Wideroe asks the                 Civil Aviation Authority        166 00:10:06,639 --> 00:10:08,541  to install anemometers,         167 00:10:08,607 --> 00:10:11,544    devices that monitor              and transmit wind speeds.    168 00:10:11,611 --> 00:10:14,547   Two are installed at each end   of the airstrip.                169 00:10:14,614 --> 00:10:16,816    And one is installed           on the mountain.                170 00:10:16,882 --> 00:10:19,118 - The mountain is                 its own weather maker.          171 00:10:19,185 --> 00:10:21,887    It can cause winds             to change in direction,         172 00:10:21,954 --> 00:10:22,888 change in speed,                 173 00:10:22,955 --> 00:10:25,057   which are conducive to making  174 00:10:25,124 --> 00:10:26,959 some serious turbulence.         175 00:10:28,794 --> 00:10:31,864  (Narrator): It's called            terrain-induced turbulence.   176 00:10:31,931 --> 00:10:34,634   When winds hit                  the mountains on Vaeroy,        177 00:10:34,700 --> 00:10:36,636  they tend to accelerate            over the top                  178 00:10:36,702 --> 00:10:39,305   and drop down                    towards the airstrip.          179 00:10:39,372 --> 00:10:42,875   This creates powerful              downdrafts and crosswinds.   180 00:10:42,942 --> 00:10:46,345     The sudden changes              in wind speeds and direction  181 00:10:46,412 --> 00:10:48,347   can create wind shear          182 00:10:48,414 --> 00:10:50,816     and cause a pilot             to lose control.                183 00:10:52,118 --> 00:10:54,620    (Harald): This was              a difficult place to operate   184 00:10:54,687 --> 00:10:57,189 when the wind was flowing           over the mountains            185 00:10:57,256 --> 00:10:58,991 and down onto the airport        186 00:10:59,058 --> 00:11:01,494   and we had to                     tighten those restrictions    187 00:11:01,560 --> 00:11:05,264    quite severely and quickly.   188 00:11:07,166 --> 00:11:09,101    (Narrator): But will              the restrictions at Vaeroy   189 00:11:09,168 --> 00:11:12,705    be enough to ensure             the safety of future flights?  190 00:11:19,345 --> 00:11:23,215 r): It's been 15 months              since Wideroe Flight 8-3-6   191 00:11:23,282 --> 00:11:25,317    had their close call              at Vaeroy airport.           192 00:11:25,384 --> 00:11:29,722    Wideroe flight 8-3-9              has just landed at Vaeroy    193 00:11:29,789 --> 00:11:32,892  and is refueling before            heading back to the mainland  194 00:11:32,958 --> 00:11:34,927    for Easter weekend.           195 00:11:34,994 --> 00:11:37,196  - Anti-collision light.         196 00:11:38,597 --> 00:11:39,865   - On.                          197 00:11:39,932 --> 00:11:42,001 - Aft and forward boost.         198 00:11:42,068 --> 00:11:43,202   - On.                          199 00:11:43,269 --> 00:11:46,072    (Narrator):                    Captain Idar Nils Persen        200 00:11:46,138 --> 00:11:48,307  is the pilot in command.        201 00:11:48,908 --> 00:11:53,412 (Harald): Idar was a very           level-headed fella.           202 00:11:53,479 --> 00:11:57,983 He was a top-rated pilot         and he'd been with us for years. 203 00:11:58,050 --> 00:11:59,919  - Start switch.                 204 00:11:59,985 --> 00:12:01,287  - Left engine.                  205 00:12:02,154 --> 00:12:06,792   (Narrator): The first officer      is Arnt Vidar Gronneflåta.   206 00:12:06,859 --> 00:12:09,128    - On. Right engine.           207 00:12:09,195 --> 00:12:13,199    - Right engine. On.           208 00:12:13,766 --> 00:12:17,436    - The first officer            was fairly new.                 209 00:12:17,503 --> 00:12:20,840 I think he'd been with us         for only about a year.          210 00:12:23,642 --> 00:12:27,346 - Look at that windsock.          It's flapping like mad.         211 00:12:28,347 --> 00:12:30,950   - Welcome to Vaeroy.           212 00:12:31,016 --> 00:12:32,451 Buckle up, folks.                213 00:12:32,518 --> 00:12:34,954  It's going to be a bit             bumpy getting out of here.    214 00:12:35,020 --> 00:12:37,890    (Narrator): There are three      passengers onboard,           215 00:12:37,957 --> 00:12:40,059     including a young couple.    216 00:12:40,126 --> 00:12:42,495  - Vaeroy, Wideroe 8-3-9          ready to taxi.                  217 00:12:42,561 --> 00:12:44,296   (radio): Wideroe 8-3-9 roger.  218 00:12:44,363 --> 00:12:46,932  No known traffic, runway free,  219 00:12:46,999 --> 00:12:49,702  wind variable middle direction  220 00:12:49,769 --> 00:12:52,905    2-5-0 at 21 max 57,           221 00:12:52,972 --> 00:12:55,775   QNH Niner-8-8.                 222 00:12:55,841 --> 00:12:57,476    - Copy, Niner-8-8.            223 00:12:59,445 --> 00:13:01,814   (Doug): The captain,             he was a local pilot.          224 00:13:01,881 --> 00:13:03,382   He knew the weather.           225 00:13:03,449 --> 00:13:06,085  He knew the limitations         of the aircraft.                 226 00:13:06,152 --> 00:13:07,753   Knew the limitations            of the airport.                 227 00:13:09,455 --> 00:13:12,424    (Narrator): As they line up       at the end of the runway,    228 00:13:12,491 --> 00:13:15,861   the crew performs the              Before Take-off checklist.   229 00:13:17,797 --> 00:13:19,598  - Flaps set 10.                 230 00:13:19,665 --> 00:13:21,233 - Set 10.                        231 00:13:21,300 --> 00:13:24,136  - Heading set to 2-8-0.         232 00:13:24,203 --> 00:13:26,672  - Let's make it 3-2-0.          233 00:13:27,373 --> 00:13:29,141    Just get clearance.           234 00:13:29,208 --> 00:13:31,610  It's calm now.                    We should get going.           235 00:13:31,677 --> 00:13:32,845   - Copy that.                   236 00:13:32,912 --> 00:13:35,781   Tower, Wideroe 8-3-9             requesting clearance.          237 00:13:35,848 --> 00:13:37,316  - Wideroe 8-3-9,                238 00:13:37,383 --> 00:13:40,753    Bodo control clears Wideroe   8-3-9 direct Bodo                239 00:13:40,820 --> 00:13:44,757   at 5,000 feet                     and squawk 0-1-3-5.           240 00:13:44,824 --> 00:13:46,258  - Copy.                         241 00:13:46,325 --> 00:13:47,760  Wideroe 8-3-9.                  242 00:13:47,827 --> 00:13:49,461   - Here we go.                  243 00:13:55,267 --> 00:13:56,936     - Wind has varied            244 00:13:57,002 --> 00:14:00,272  2-1-0 to 2-9-0 degrees          245 00:14:00,339 --> 00:14:02,508     with gusts of 34.            246 00:14:02,575 --> 00:14:05,511  - Yeah. Roger. We are rolling.  247 00:14:06,946 --> 00:14:08,814    70 knots...                   248 00:14:09,448 --> 00:14:11,083    80 knots...                   249 00:14:15,654 --> 00:14:17,223  rotate.                         250 00:14:17,289 --> 00:14:20,893    (Narrator): At 2:43,             Wideroe Flight 8-3-9          251 00:14:20,960 --> 00:14:24,396   takes off from Vaeroy             and heads for the mainland.   252 00:14:26,232 --> 00:14:30,035     The return flight to Bodo    will take less than 30 minutes.  253 00:14:34,039 --> 00:14:35,741    - Flaps up.                   254 00:14:37,543 --> 00:14:39,945    (Narrator):                      10 seconds after takeoff...   255 00:14:40,012 --> 00:14:41,847    (rattling)                    256 00:14:41,914 --> 00:14:44,950     ...a strange noise             catches the pilots' attention. 257 00:14:46,118 --> 00:14:48,754 (Harald): You don't want            anything unusual to happen    258 00:14:48,821 --> 00:14:50,823   in that phase                    of the flight                  259 00:14:50,890 --> 00:14:53,559   since you are                  very close to the ground.        260 00:14:55,194 --> 00:14:58,564     (Narrator): They struggle     to keep the plane level.        261 00:14:59,899 --> 00:15:01,533 - Steady.                        262 00:15:02,768 --> 00:15:04,803    (rattling)                    263 00:15:04,870 --> 00:15:06,939    Something's wrong.            264 00:15:15,948 --> 00:15:19,785   (Narrator): And then,             the nose of the plane drops   265 00:15:19,852 --> 00:15:22,254   and the captain can't           do anything to raise it.        266 00:15:22,321 --> 00:15:25,557 - No, no, no, no.                267 00:15:27,960 --> 00:15:32,398  (passengers screaming)          268 00:15:33,866 --> 00:15:35,167 - Oh God.                        269 00:15:35,801 --> 00:15:38,938    (Narrator): Just 63 seconds      after lifting off...          270 00:15:41,106 --> 00:15:43,108    Wideroe Flight 8-3-9          271 00:15:44,576 --> 00:15:46,211    slams into the sea.           272 00:15:46,278 --> 00:15:49,014  (alarm sounds)                  273 00:15:52,051 --> 00:15:56,822  - Wideroe 8-3-9, this is Vaeroy    Tower. Do you copy?           274 00:15:56,889 --> 00:16:01,560  Wideroe 8-3-9,                    Vaeroy information on 119.4.   275 00:16:09,134 --> 00:16:11,804     (Narrator): Within hours,     search and rescue teams         276 00:16:11,870 --> 00:16:14,707    spot debris                    on the ocean's surface,         277 00:16:14,773 --> 00:16:17,943  6.5 kilometers northwest         of the airport.                 278 00:16:20,012 --> 00:16:23,716 - The wreckage was found          three days after the accident.  279 00:16:24,583 --> 00:16:27,886   Harsh sea conditions             made it a challenge.           280 00:16:30,889 --> 00:16:33,525   (Narrator): The bodies          of the three passengers         281 00:16:33,592 --> 00:16:36,061   and the first officer            are recovered.                 282 00:16:36,128 --> 00:16:39,665   Captain Persen remains          are never found.                283 00:16:41,300 --> 00:16:44,536  - The accident                   caused a lot of grief.          284 00:16:44,603 --> 00:16:47,773 Vaeroy is a small island          where everyone know each other, 285 00:16:47,840 --> 00:16:50,709 so everyone felt they had           lost someone close to them.   286 00:16:51,844 --> 00:16:53,812     (Narrator): Investigators    287 00:16:53,879 --> 00:16:56,949    from the Norwegian Accident     Commission for Civil Aviation, 288 00:16:57,016 --> 00:17:00,753    or HSL, soon arrive             on the island.                 289 00:17:02,521 --> 00:17:05,557   - The purpose of the Wideroe     investigation                  290 00:17:05,624 --> 00:17:09,695   was to find out what happened    during that incident.          291 00:17:13,665 --> 00:17:15,434    - I was manager air safety    292 00:17:15,501 --> 00:17:16,702 for Boeing Canada                 De Havilland Division,          293 00:17:16,769 --> 00:17:19,538 and I traveled to Vaeroy         294 00:17:19,605 --> 00:17:22,174  to assist with                     the investigation.            295 00:17:23,275 --> 00:17:25,477   The airfield was spectacular,  296 00:17:25,544 --> 00:17:29,048   but I was somewhat surprised   in the closeness                 297 00:17:29,114 --> 00:17:33,285    of the mountain range which     paralleled the entire runway.  298 00:17:35,120 --> 00:17:36,422   - Thank you.                   299 00:17:36,488 --> 00:17:39,558 (Narrator): Investigators start  by interviewing the controller,  300 00:17:39,625 --> 00:17:41,960     who briefs pilots              on the local weather.          301 00:17:42,027 --> 00:17:43,896    - Sorry about that.            - That's fine.                  302 00:17:43,962 --> 00:17:45,664  Can you walk me                   through what happened          303 00:17:45,731 --> 00:17:46,832 the day of the accident?         304 00:17:46,899 --> 00:17:48,300 - A normal day by our standards. 305 00:17:48,367 --> 00:17:50,969   They landed at 14:30.          306 00:17:51,036 --> 00:17:54,740   Refueled, changed passengers    and asked to taxi out.          307 00:17:54,807 --> 00:17:57,109   The whole turnaround           was less than 15 minutes.        308 00:17:57,176 --> 00:17:59,745   - What were the winds             when they took off?           309 00:17:59,812 --> 00:18:02,514 - It was gusting                   when they were parked          310 00:18:02,581 --> 00:18:04,683    but eased off to 34           on the west end.                 311 00:18:04,750 --> 00:18:07,019   The winds were coming            from every direction.          312 00:18:07,086 --> 00:18:08,887    It's pretty common.           313 00:18:08,954 --> 00:18:12,157 - Did the pilots have any          hesitation about taking off?   314 00:18:12,224 --> 00:18:13,592    - No. None at all.            315 00:18:13,659 --> 00:18:15,094  - And what about the take off?  316 00:18:15,160 --> 00:18:18,430    (Narrator):                    The controller explains         317 00:18:18,497 --> 00:18:20,165    that after the plane passed       the tower,                   318 00:18:22,101 --> 00:18:25,938     it turned and then              disappeared into the clouds.  319 00:18:26,004 --> 00:18:28,474   - What was the cloud             ceiling at the time?           320 00:18:28,540 --> 00:18:30,576   - 1,000 feet.                  321 00:18:30,642 --> 00:18:32,177   I received a distress signal   322 00:18:32,244 --> 00:18:35,247  and a few seconds later          I heard a bang.                 323 00:18:37,316 --> 00:18:38,617  That was fast.                  324 00:18:38,684 --> 00:18:41,386  They were airborne for             just over a minute.           325 00:18:41,453 --> 00:18:44,189  - Did they call mayday          326 00:18:44,256 --> 00:18:47,860 or relay any information         about mechanical issues?         327 00:18:47,926 --> 00:18:49,828    - Nothing.                    328 00:18:50,796 --> 00:18:53,832  - That was helpful. Thank you.  329 00:18:55,033 --> 00:18:57,503    (Narrator): Could there have      been a structural failure    330 00:18:57,569 --> 00:19:00,973  or loss of power                    which caused Flight 8-3-9    331 00:19:01,039 --> 00:19:03,775    to crash so quickly             into the sea?                  332 00:19:08,747 --> 00:19:10,949    s                                survey the wreckage           333 00:19:11,016 --> 00:19:12,684  of Wideroe Flight 8-3-9         334 00:19:12,751 --> 00:19:14,887     for any signs that             would explain a crash          335 00:19:14,953 --> 00:19:16,655   so soon after takeoff.         336 00:19:16,722 --> 00:19:20,526    - Nose and cockpit               completely crushed.           337 00:19:21,760 --> 00:19:24,997   Both wings, engines,           338 00:19:25,063 --> 00:19:28,333  undercarriage and tail section  339 00:19:28,400 --> 00:19:31,770   severed from                    the fuselage on impact          340 00:19:31,837 --> 00:19:33,939   and carried forward.           341 00:19:34,006 --> 00:19:36,608   A high energy impact.          342 00:19:38,677 --> 00:19:41,079   (Jim): With the nose            buckled the way it was          343 00:19:41,146 --> 00:19:44,016  and the left wing tip buckled;  344 00:19:44,082 --> 00:19:46,118 we had a pretty good idea        345 00:19:46,185 --> 00:19:48,954    of how the aircraft           impacted the sea.                346 00:19:52,724 --> 00:19:54,927  (Narrator): The wreckage           tells investigators           347 00:19:54,993 --> 00:19:58,797    the plane entered the water      nose first at a high speed.   348 00:20:02,935 --> 00:20:06,405     The team considers             whether engine failure         349 00:20:06,471 --> 00:20:08,707   caused the high-speed impact.  350 00:20:08,774 --> 00:20:11,343  The manufacturer                  provides their report.         351 00:20:11,410 --> 00:20:13,345 - No fire damage.                352 00:20:13,412 --> 00:20:16,548   Both engines appeared          to be running at high RPM        353 00:20:16,615 --> 00:20:19,418    and torque                     at the time of impact.          354 00:20:19,484 --> 00:20:22,487   - The engine                    manufacturer determined         355 00:20:22,554 --> 00:20:23,889   that the engines were running  356 00:20:23,956 --> 00:20:26,858  and they were ruled out            very, very quickly.           357 00:20:28,493 --> 00:20:30,696    (Narrator):                     With engine failure ruled out, 358 00:20:30,762 --> 00:20:34,499   they wonder whether any parts    that control the plane's pitch 359 00:20:34,566 --> 00:20:36,201    or steering failed,           360 00:20:36,268 --> 00:20:38,804   causing it to                     plunge into the sea.          361 00:20:41,206 --> 00:20:44,009   - The right elevator           sheared in half,                 362 00:20:44,076 --> 00:20:45,844   maybe due to impact.           363 00:20:47,913 --> 00:20:50,349  (Narrator): The elevator           is a control surface          364 00:20:50,415 --> 00:20:53,318  on the Twin Otter's tail           that adjusts pitch.           365 00:20:56,755 --> 00:20:59,925   Investigators discover             something unusual            366 00:20:59,992 --> 00:21:02,661 in the elevator connecting rod.  367 00:21:06,164 --> 00:21:08,367    The elevator connecting rod   368 00:21:08,433 --> 00:21:11,770    moves the elevators            up and down on the tail.        369 00:21:12,371 --> 00:21:15,507    It's activated when               the pilot pushes or pulls    370 00:21:15,574 --> 00:21:17,609   on the control column.         371 00:21:18,310 --> 00:21:20,045    - The upper end is broken.    372 00:21:20,112 --> 00:21:24,383    (Narrator): What would cause     such a vital part to break?   373 00:21:24,449 --> 00:21:27,886   - You shouldn't have           any preconceived notions         374 00:21:27,953 --> 00:21:29,888    as to why the part failed.    375 00:21:31,323 --> 00:21:33,358 - Let's get this                    elevator rod to metallurgy.   376 00:21:33,425 --> 00:21:35,861   I want to know how it failed.  377 00:21:38,363 --> 00:21:40,165    - Did the part fail           378 00:21:40,232 --> 00:21:42,567 because there was                 a manufacturing defect?         379 00:21:42,634 --> 00:21:46,872    Did it fail because             there was a tool mark on it?   380 00:21:46,938 --> 00:21:50,909  You should let the part            tell you the story.           381 00:21:52,411 --> 00:21:54,212    (Narrator):                    While investigators wait        382 00:21:54,279 --> 00:21:55,714   for the metallurgical results, 383 00:21:55,781 --> 00:21:57,983   they research                     the plane's history,          384 00:21:58,050 --> 00:22:00,852   looking for any clues             into what might have caused   385 00:22:00,919 --> 00:22:03,522    the elevator                   connecting rod to fail.         386 00:22:03,588 --> 00:22:06,291    - The Twin Otter DHC 6-300    387 00:22:06,358 --> 00:22:09,661   was purchased                     by Wideroe in 1977.           388 00:22:10,329 --> 00:22:12,397    - The last daily inspection    was carried out                 389 00:22:12,464 --> 00:22:13,799 the day of the accident.         390 00:22:13,865 --> 00:22:16,068   Maintenance all in accordance  with current regulations.        391 00:22:16,134 --> 00:22:18,103   - So not a maintenance issue.  392 00:22:19,938 --> 00:22:22,374   (Phone rings)                  393 00:22:23,208 --> 00:22:25,877 (Tor): The investigators           went through                   394 00:22:25,944 --> 00:22:28,246    all the maintenance            documentation.                  395 00:22:28,313 --> 00:22:30,982    All the inspections             was completed                  396 00:22:31,049 --> 00:22:33,518   and no deviations was found.   397 00:22:34,720 --> 00:22:37,489    (Narrator): With maintenance     ruled out as a cause          398 00:22:37,556 --> 00:22:40,025     for the failure of              the elevator connecting rod,  399 00:22:40,092 --> 00:22:43,428 investigators review the results   of a metallurgical examination 400 00:22:43,495 --> 00:22:45,964   performed on the rod.          401 00:22:46,898 --> 00:22:49,368   - There's no                     pre-existing cracks.           402 00:22:49,434 --> 00:22:52,504  There's banding here and here.  403 00:22:53,472 --> 00:22:57,409   - Banding is created because   you have a repeated load         404 00:22:57,476 --> 00:22:59,578    that is applied on and off      to your part.                  405 00:22:59,644 --> 00:23:01,980  And every time                    the load is applied,           406 00:23:02,047 --> 00:23:05,050   you have a crack that           grows a little bit more         407 00:23:05,117 --> 00:23:09,154 and it creates a rainbow         on the fracture surface.         408 00:23:10,188 --> 00:23:13,458    (Narrator): The report also      reveals the banding occurred  409 00:23:13,525 --> 00:23:16,528    because of sideways              bending on the rod.           410 00:23:18,263 --> 00:23:19,998  (Jim): This was highly unusual. 411 00:23:20,065 --> 00:23:24,002 There's never any                 side loads on that rod.         412 00:23:24,069 --> 00:23:26,405    It just moves up and down.    413 00:23:26,471 --> 00:23:29,508    So, it didn't make             a great deal of sense.          414 00:23:30,542 --> 00:23:33,078    (Narrator):                   Investigators examine schematics 415 00:23:33,145 --> 00:23:35,547    of the tail section               of the Twin Otter            416 00:23:35,614 --> 00:23:37,349    to determine what would bend  417 00:23:37,416 --> 00:23:40,852    the elevator connecting rod     sideways, causing it to break. 418 00:23:40,919 --> 00:23:44,790    - So what if this elevator    broke in flight?                 419 00:23:46,992 --> 00:23:50,562 - It would swing freely,            and uncontrollably.           420 00:23:50,629 --> 00:23:53,532   - It would definitely           cause the rod to bend.          421 00:23:58,904 --> 00:24:00,639    (Narrator):                     If the right elevator          422 00:24:00,705 --> 00:24:02,774   separated from                   its mounts in flight,          423 00:24:02,841 --> 00:24:05,343   it would swing                    in every direction,           424 00:24:05,410 --> 00:24:07,779  putting sideways                   pressure on the rod,          425 00:24:07,846 --> 00:24:10,248   and ultimately                    causing it to break.          426 00:24:11,716 --> 00:24:16,021   - First the elevator.            Then the rod.                  427 00:24:17,556 --> 00:24:19,991   - It's the only thing          that makes sense.                428 00:24:20,926 --> 00:24:23,929    - It's kind of like              the cart before the horse.    429 00:24:23,995 --> 00:24:27,299   The control rod would           not have seen any loads         430 00:24:27,365 --> 00:24:29,768   had the elevator not broken.   431 00:24:30,769 --> 00:24:34,873    (Narrator): What would cause  the elevator to break in flight? 432 00:24:34,940 --> 00:24:36,775    - Maybe the cockpit            voice recorder                  433 00:24:36,842 --> 00:24:38,810   can shed some light on that.   434 00:24:45,584 --> 00:24:48,320 - Okay let's start                with the takeoff roll.          435 00:24:49,287 --> 00:24:51,022    (Narrator):                    Norwegian investigators         436 00:24:51,089 --> 00:24:53,124   listen to the cockpit            voice recorder                 437 00:24:53,191 --> 00:24:55,627    for clues as to how               the right elevator           438 00:24:55,694 --> 00:24:58,830     on Wideroe Flight               8-3-9 might have come loose,  439 00:24:58,897 --> 00:25:01,199    bending the connecting rod.   440 00:25:01,266 --> 00:25:04,936 (recorder): 70 knots. 80 knots.  441 00:25:05,003 --> 00:25:07,239  Rotate.                         442 00:25:07,305 --> 00:25:10,942    (Tor): It was amazing that       the cockpit voice recorder    443 00:25:11,009 --> 00:25:13,645    was in the aircraft              in the first place            444 00:25:13,712 --> 00:25:16,114    because it was not             mandatory at the time.          445 00:25:19,551 --> 00:25:20,585    - Flaps up.                   446 00:25:20,652 --> 00:25:22,721    (rattling)                    447 00:25:28,293 --> 00:25:30,662    - Did you hear that           clattering noise?                448 00:25:31,029 --> 00:25:33,598    - Strange.                    449 00:25:38,336 --> 00:25:40,171    (recorder): Steady.           450 00:25:45,810 --> 00:25:47,679    Something's wrong.            451 00:25:48,046 --> 00:25:49,281    (rattling)                    452 00:25:49,347 --> 00:25:52,817 Stop. There it is again.         453 00:25:53,685 --> 00:25:56,121 - Was that the elevator?         454 00:25:56,988 --> 00:25:59,457   - Play it back again.          455 00:26:00,458 --> 00:26:03,128  (Jim): When I listened             to the CVR,                   456 00:26:03,194 --> 00:26:06,231 there was nothing                  that I could pinpoint          457 00:26:06,298 --> 00:26:10,302    as being the source           of the clattering sound.         458 00:26:13,605 --> 00:26:15,540    (rattling)                    459 00:26:15,607 --> 00:26:17,842 - Could it have been the            elevator breaking?            460 00:26:17,909 --> 00:26:21,279  It was possible but we           really just don't know.         461 00:26:22,280 --> 00:26:23,748   - Do you hear the propellers?  462 00:26:23,815 --> 00:26:26,217   (Narrator): Fifty-five seconds  into the flight,                463 00:26:26,284 --> 00:26:28,887     investigators hear            the sound of propellers         464 00:26:28,954 --> 00:26:30,622   rotating out of sync.          465 00:26:31,656 --> 00:26:34,859     This occurs when there's a   change in the aircraft's pitch.  466 00:26:34,926 --> 00:26:36,928   - Turbulence?                  467 00:26:37,862 --> 00:26:39,397  - It has to be.                 468 00:26:39,798 --> 00:26:44,402  - A sudden gust of wind            or change in wind direction   469 00:26:44,469 --> 00:26:47,472    would cause                   the propellers to adjust         470 00:26:47,539 --> 00:26:51,409  to compensate for the changing  attitude of the aircraft.        471 00:26:52,844 --> 00:26:55,914     (Narrator): Investigators       discover that Wideroe 8-3-9   472 00:26:55,981 --> 00:27:00,285 was struck by severe turbulence    shortly after takeoff.         473 00:27:00,352 --> 00:27:03,521    - The crash happens            just 10 seconds later.          474 00:27:06,091 --> 00:27:08,827  (passengers screaming)          475 00:27:08,893 --> 00:27:11,730 - No. No, no, no.                476 00:27:11,796 --> 00:27:13,431 - Oh God!                        477 00:27:24,542 --> 00:27:26,544   - So where were they exactly   478 00:27:26,611 --> 00:27:28,613   when they were struck            by severe turbulence?          479 00:27:28,680 --> 00:27:31,182    - Well, Standard Operating       Procedure calls for a rate    480 00:27:31,249 --> 00:27:33,685   of ascent of 1000 to              12-hundred feet per minute.   481 00:27:33,752 --> 00:27:36,888  - So they would                    have hit turbulence           482 00:27:36,955 --> 00:27:41,292 right after they entered            clouds at about 1000 feet.    483 00:27:42,527 --> 00:27:46,264  And, that mountain ridge there    is just over a thousand feet.  484 00:27:47,766 --> 00:27:50,502  - It looks like                    terrain-induced turbulence.   485 00:27:54,039 --> 00:27:59,144  (Harald): The quicker you could   get away from the mountains,   486 00:27:59,210 --> 00:28:01,179    the better it was.            487 00:28:01,246 --> 00:28:04,382   - How bad could those          winds have been?                 488 00:28:05,984 --> 00:28:08,787 (Narrator): Investigators learn      of the near crash            489 00:28:08,853 --> 00:28:12,357    of the other Wideroe plane,     Flight 8-3-6,                  490 00:28:12,424 --> 00:28:15,560   on approach to Vaeroy,             15 months earlier.           491 00:28:16,428 --> 00:28:18,396 - It looks like they lost          control of the plane           492 00:28:18,463 --> 00:28:21,599 for two minutes,                    even went inverted.           493 00:28:25,870 --> 00:28:29,441    - At what altitude             did they lose control?          494 00:28:29,507 --> 00:28:31,776    - About 1800 feet,            495 00:28:31,843 --> 00:28:35,647 just after he aborted the          landing on runway 25           496 00:28:35,714 --> 00:28:37,882   due to winds.                  497 00:28:40,085 --> 00:28:43,221  (Narrator): Both flights           encountered dangerous winds   498 00:28:43,288 --> 00:28:46,391 at or above the mountain ridges. 499 00:28:46,458 --> 00:28:48,426    - Were any measures            put into place                  500 00:28:48,493 --> 00:28:50,261   to prevent this from           happening again?                 501 00:28:50,328 --> 00:28:53,298   - After Flight 8-3-6's missed  approach,                        502 00:28:53,364 --> 00:28:56,935    Flight Order 17 was            put into place.                 503 00:28:57,001 --> 00:28:58,603 So they made this change,        504 00:28:58,670 --> 00:29:02,340   "Landings and departures must     not be planned or executed    505 00:29:02,407 --> 00:29:04,676    with variable winds           above 15 knots."                 506 00:29:05,710 --> 00:29:07,812    So they reduced the maximum     allowable wind speeds          507 00:29:07,879 --> 00:29:10,548 for takeoff and landing.         508 00:29:11,649 --> 00:29:16,054  - Wideroe established some very   significant wind restrictions  509 00:29:16,121 --> 00:29:21,092    using some very experienced     crew to develop them.          510 00:29:21,159 --> 00:29:25,230    But there was still           unpredictability.                511 00:29:25,296 --> 00:29:28,366  - Anemometers were also         installed                        512 00:29:28,433 --> 00:29:30,368    at both ends of the runway    513 00:29:30,435 --> 00:29:34,038    and on the mountain ridge.    514 00:29:36,541 --> 00:29:38,476 (Doug): It's good                  to have an anemometer          515 00:29:38,543 --> 00:29:39,978  on top of the mountain.         516 00:29:40,044 --> 00:29:43,414   It just gives the pilot more     information for the landing.   517 00:29:43,481 --> 00:29:46,384  - So what were                     the mountain winds            518 00:29:46,451 --> 00:29:48,686   at the time of flight 8-3-9?   519 00:29:51,623 --> 00:29:56,728   - Huh. There is no anemometer   data for the mountain.          520 00:30:00,665 --> 00:30:05,503   - If it doesn't provide data,   it's absolutely no use.         521 00:30:06,371 --> 00:30:08,573  (Narrator):                       Investigators contact          522 00:30:08,640 --> 00:30:10,175    the Civil Aviation Authority  523 00:30:10,241 --> 00:30:12,977   to determine why there weren't  any mountain anemometer         524 00:30:13,044 --> 00:30:15,113   wind readings                   at the time of the crash        525 00:30:15,180 --> 00:30:17,515  of Wideroe Fight 8-3-9.         526 00:30:17,582 --> 00:30:19,417   - Thank you.                   527 00:30:21,953 --> 00:30:24,589  The anemometer was taken down.  528 00:30:26,858 --> 00:30:29,494 (Narrator): They learn that the      anemometer on the mountain   529 00:30:29,561 --> 00:30:33,131  wasn't reliable because           of the icy conditions.         530 00:30:33,198 --> 00:30:35,033   A year after being installed,  531 00:30:35,099 --> 00:30:38,136    it was removed from            the mountain for repair.        532 00:30:39,037 --> 00:30:41,105 - It gets worse.                 533 00:30:41,172 --> 00:30:43,274 It was never reinstalled.        534 00:30:43,341 --> 00:30:46,277 It was officially                  taken out of service           535 00:30:46,344 --> 00:30:48,413  three days before the accident. 536 00:30:53,251 --> 00:30:55,553    (Doug): The removal           of the anemometer                537 00:30:55,620 --> 00:30:57,488    is a degradation of safety.   538 00:30:57,555 --> 00:31:00,925   It's information that a pilot   would certainly require         539 00:31:00,992 --> 00:31:02,293 for an airport like that.        540 00:31:02,360 --> 00:31:04,162  - Okay.                         541 00:31:04,229 --> 00:31:07,198 So, what wind information        542 00:31:07,265 --> 00:31:10,335  were the pilots                    actually getting, and when?   543 00:31:12,470 --> 00:31:15,673     (Narrator): Investigators       listen to the CVR recording   544 00:31:15,740 --> 00:31:20,178  of Wideroe Flight 8-3-9,           before it landed at Vaeroy.   545 00:31:20,245 --> 00:31:21,946     (recording): I'm going to     bank west of the island         546 00:31:22,013 --> 00:31:23,715     to avoid more turbulence.    547 00:31:23,781 --> 00:31:25,817   I'm getting updrafts already.  548 00:31:25,884 --> 00:31:27,185   - Copy that.                   549 00:31:27,252 --> 00:31:30,555 - Wideroe 8-3-9. Runway free...  550 00:31:30,622 --> 00:31:35,059     Wind east side 270               degrees at max 23.           551 00:31:35,126 --> 00:31:36,394   - Understood.                  552 00:31:36,461 --> 00:31:38,429   Wideroe 8-3-9.                 553 00:31:40,565 --> 00:31:42,367   - Twenty three knots.          554 00:31:42,433 --> 00:31:44,669    That's eight knots            above the limit.                 555 00:31:44,736 --> 00:31:47,038    - They shouldn't even have    landed the inbound flight        556 00:31:47,105 --> 00:31:48,339    in the first place.           557 00:31:48,406 --> 00:31:51,509  What about when                 they were on the ground?         558 00:32:00,518 --> 00:32:02,820    (recording):                    Look at that windsock.         559 00:32:02,887 --> 00:32:05,556  It's flapping like mad.         560 00:32:05,623 --> 00:32:07,125   - Welcome to Vaeroy.           561 00:32:10,061 --> 00:32:12,797  - The pilot was talking           a lot about the wind           562 00:32:12,864 --> 00:32:15,800 and they were discussing           that the wind                  563 00:32:15,867 --> 00:32:17,669  was coming from all directions. 564 00:32:17,735 --> 00:32:20,438   (air traffic control):           Wideroe 8-3-9, roger.          565 00:32:20,505 --> 00:32:23,207   No known traffic, runway free, 566 00:32:23,274 --> 00:32:25,810   wind variable                   middle direction                567 00:32:25,877 --> 00:32:29,881   at two five zero at 21 max 57. 568 00:32:29,948 --> 00:32:32,016  - Could you say again. Max 57?  569 00:32:32,083 --> 00:32:34,786  - Yeah. Max 57.                 570 00:32:37,989 --> 00:32:39,724  - Copy.                         571 00:32:42,994 --> 00:32:45,229    - 57 knots.                   572 00:32:46,698 --> 00:32:51,369  (Narrator): 57 knots is            more than 65 miles per hour.  573 00:32:52,837 --> 00:32:56,274 - Yeah. The manual says that the  Twin Otter must not be operated 574 00:32:56,341 --> 00:32:59,644   on the ground                  in winds above 50 knots.         575 00:33:01,446 --> 00:33:04,882 - He is sticking                 his neck out on the line         576 00:33:04,949 --> 00:33:06,684  and I'm not quite sure          why he did that.                 577 00:33:06,751 --> 00:33:09,754   - Were the winds that strong      when they took off?           578 00:33:13,524 --> 00:33:15,994  - They go through their           pre-takeoff checklist          579 00:33:16,060 --> 00:33:17,795    and then...                   580 00:33:18,997 --> 00:33:20,398   - Just get clearance.          581 00:33:20,465 --> 00:33:22,734  It's calm now.                    We should get going.           582 00:33:22,800 --> 00:33:24,102   - Copy that.                   583 00:33:24,168 --> 00:33:26,537   - The captain says its calm.   584 00:33:26,604 --> 00:33:28,673 What's he basing that on?           Windsocks?                    585 00:33:28,740 --> 00:33:30,041 - The rains had stopped.         586 00:33:30,108 --> 00:33:32,577   Maybe it looked like           the weather was clearing.        587 00:33:35,113 --> 00:33:37,081 (Harald):                          If a shower was approaching,   588 00:33:37,148 --> 00:33:39,283 you could expect variable winds. 589 00:33:39,350 --> 00:33:41,986    But when the shower passed,   590 00:33:42,053 --> 00:33:44,756 you could expect                    a lull in the wind.           591 00:33:48,826 --> 00:33:51,429  - According to the transcript,  592 00:33:51,496 --> 00:33:54,532  they get their next wind report   as they're about to take off.  593 00:33:55,700 --> 00:33:59,037  (radio):                           Wind has varied two one zero  594 00:33:59,103 --> 00:34:02,507  to two nine zero degrees            with gusts of 34.            595 00:34:02,573 --> 00:34:04,909  - Yeah. Roger. We are rolling.  596 00:34:07,712 --> 00:34:10,281  - They took off                    in a 34-knot wind.            597 00:34:10,348 --> 00:34:12,383 That's more than                 double the limit.                598 00:34:14,318 --> 00:34:17,021  - If the winds were gusting at   57 knots on the ground,         599 00:34:17,088 --> 00:34:18,990  then who knows                  how strong the winds were        600 00:34:19,056 --> 00:34:20,892 coming off the mountain.         601 00:34:22,026 --> 00:34:24,295  - Strong enough                  to break the elevator.          602 00:34:29,400 --> 00:34:31,369    (Doug): When he hit the lip   of the mountain,                 603 00:34:31,436 --> 00:34:35,206   I bet he encountered            60, 70, 80 knot winds.          604 00:34:37,775 --> 00:34:41,446    It obviously caused severe     to extreme turbulence.          605 00:34:42,747 --> 00:34:44,015 - Steady.                        606 00:34:44,082 --> 00:34:46,818   (Narrator): The team concludes    the winds were strong enough  607 00:34:46,884 --> 00:34:49,520    to break the right elevator      from of its mounts,           608 00:34:49,587 --> 00:34:52,156     causing the connecting rod       to break,                    609 00:34:52,223 --> 00:34:54,959 making both elevators unusable.  610 00:34:55,026 --> 00:34:56,994   - Something's wrong.           611 00:34:57,795 --> 00:35:00,932   - They ignored Wideroe's wind    limits on the ground           612 00:35:02,133 --> 00:35:04,435    and they had no wind limits   613 00:35:04,502 --> 00:35:06,938   in the dangerous area            around the mountain.           614 00:35:07,004 --> 00:35:09,640 Why were they so eager to leave? 615 00:35:12,076 --> 00:35:14,712 - This was Easter weekend        616 00:35:14,779 --> 00:35:18,349 and there is an incentive          to get home.                   617 00:35:20,251 --> 00:35:24,989  There was clearly some           concern, but they went.         618 00:35:33,531 --> 00:35:37,335   (Narrator): To understand why     the Captain of Flight 8-3-9   619 00:35:37,401 --> 00:35:40,238     took off in winds              that exceeded company limits,  620 00:35:40,304 --> 00:35:43,307  investigators interview            other Wideroe pilots          621 00:35:43,374 --> 00:35:45,576  about wind restrictions             at Vaeroy.                   622 00:35:46,711 --> 00:35:48,980   - What has been your             experience at Vaeroy?          623 00:35:50,281 --> 00:35:52,316 I don't like it,                  none of the pilots do.          624 00:35:52,383 --> 00:35:54,986 The wind reports                 aren't reliable.                 625 00:35:58,589 --> 00:36:00,858   - You could actually              sit on the tarmac,            626 00:36:00,925 --> 00:36:02,793 get one wind indication,         627 00:36:02,860 --> 00:36:06,297 move towards the runway,         and get another.                 628 00:36:06,364 --> 00:36:09,467 - Even though the maximum        wind speeds were reduced         629 00:36:09,534 --> 00:36:10,968   from 20 knots to 15?           630 00:36:11,035 --> 00:36:14,839   - Well they were, but           they brought it back up to 20.  631 00:36:17,341 --> 00:36:20,011  (Narrator): Nine months             after the incident           632 00:36:20,077 --> 00:36:21,779   with the first Wideroe flight, 633 00:36:21,846 --> 00:36:24,849   the wind restrictions            were reversed.                 634 00:36:26,317 --> 00:36:27,685 - Why would they do that?        635 00:36:27,752 --> 00:36:31,789    - My guess?                    Too many cancellations.         636 00:36:35,526 --> 00:36:39,063     (Narrator): After Wideroe     lowered the wind limits,        637 00:36:39,130 --> 00:36:40,698  cancellations increased.        638 00:36:40,765 --> 00:36:44,635     That led to negative press   and anger from local residents.  639 00:36:46,003 --> 00:36:48,439 - The decision to cancel flights 640 00:36:48,506 --> 00:36:51,609  became very unpopular.          641 00:36:52,476 --> 00:36:55,913  It was so unpredictable            at Vaeroy.                    642 00:36:58,516 --> 00:37:03,020    - Did pilots feel pressure    to complete the flights?         643 00:37:03,854 --> 00:37:06,390    - Yeah, but                     not from the airline.          644 00:37:06,457 --> 00:37:08,259    (Harald): I had a situation   645 00:37:08,326 --> 00:37:11,162 where the weather                 turned into a hurricane         646 00:37:11,229 --> 00:37:12,797 and I could not take off.        647 00:37:12,863 --> 00:37:16,467 And I got a real workover          from some of the passengers.   648 00:37:17,468 --> 00:37:19,971     (Narrator): Investigators       research the impact           649 00:37:20,037 --> 00:37:23,908 those wind related cancellations    had on Wideroe's operations.  650 00:37:26,110 --> 00:37:29,413  - Hmm. The pressure was            piling on from the public.    651 00:37:29,480 --> 00:37:31,983  - Cancellations tripled          in the last 12 months.          652 00:37:34,986 --> 00:37:37,488    - Compared to other              airports in Europe,           653 00:37:37,555 --> 00:37:38,823    Vaeroy had a lot of            cancellations.                  654 00:37:38,889 --> 00:37:41,525  And the flights                   were often cancelled           655 00:37:41,592 --> 00:37:44,028    quite early                   when the wind was strong,        656 00:37:44,095 --> 00:37:47,298    but when the flight            was supposed to arrive,         657 00:37:47,365 --> 00:37:50,368    it could be no wind at all,   658 00:37:50,434 --> 00:37:52,703    which made people question     all the cancellations.          659 00:37:53,271 --> 00:37:56,574  - Almost all the cancellations     were being caused by winds.   660 00:37:56,641 --> 00:37:58,943   - Because of that, bad press,  661 00:37:59,010 --> 00:38:01,779 which gets the attention            of the government.            662 00:38:04,882 --> 00:38:08,452 (Harald): The government          paid the company to fly there.  663 00:38:08,919 --> 00:38:11,756  And the company                   wrote the government           664 00:38:11,822 --> 00:38:14,659 and said it was extremely           difficult to operate there.   665 00:38:14,725 --> 00:38:16,694  And the reply from the           government was                  666 00:38:16,761 --> 00:38:21,132  if you don't fly there, we will   have to take the money away.   667 00:38:21,666 --> 00:38:23,267    - Out of curiosity,           668 00:38:23,334 --> 00:38:27,038    how many cancellations were    there on departure from Vaeroy? 669 00:38:32,877 --> 00:38:34,779  - None.                         670 00:38:35,846 --> 00:38:38,949  (Doug): Basically it's          "get-home-itis."                 671 00:38:39,016 --> 00:38:41,786    If they're at the airport,    pilots are gonna tell themselves 672 00:38:41,852 --> 00:38:44,088  they're capable                  of taking off as well.          673 00:38:45,122 --> 00:38:47,425 - You know, there's still         one thing I don't get.          674 00:38:50,594 --> 00:38:53,197 If the conditions                  were so treacherous,           675 00:38:53,264 --> 00:38:57,601 why was this airport even         built there in the first place? 676 00:39:04,175 --> 00:39:08,112 s location                        chosen for the airport?         677 00:39:09,380 --> 00:39:11,949    (Narrator):                   Investigators consult officials  678 00:39:12,016 --> 00:39:14,085    about the viability               of Vaeroy airport            679 00:39:14,151 --> 00:39:16,354    to determine                    if passengers and crew         680 00:39:16,420 --> 00:39:18,756    were placed at risk             unnecessarily.                 681 00:39:21,359 --> 00:39:24,295    (Tor): Wideroe had             two possible locations          682 00:39:24,362 --> 00:39:26,497    for airport at the island.    683 00:39:26,564 --> 00:39:30,568    This one was chosen despite   the difficulties                 684 00:39:30,634 --> 00:39:35,206   with wind conditions            near a mountain ridge.          685 00:39:37,208 --> 00:39:40,478 - Okay. And what testing          went into the decision?         686 00:39:42,413 --> 00:39:44,782 (Lise): Wideroe had done          test flights at Vaeroy          687 00:39:44,849 --> 00:39:47,952   prior to the decision           of building the airport there.  688 00:39:48,018 --> 00:39:52,089 And they had experienced           very windy conditions          689 00:39:52,156 --> 00:39:54,592   and did not recommend             building the airport there.   690 00:39:58,796 --> 00:40:02,433  - So if Wideroe was against it, then why did it go ahead?        691 00:40:03,167 --> 00:40:06,670  - We knew that                    the wind conditions at Vaeroy  692 00:40:06,737 --> 00:40:11,041   would be so difficult             it would affect regularity.   693 00:40:11,108 --> 00:40:14,712    But that advice was ignored   694 00:40:14,779 --> 00:40:17,148  by the meteorology specialists  695 00:40:17,214 --> 00:40:20,384   that the authorities             had consulted                  696 00:40:20,451 --> 00:40:23,087    when it came to put              the airport on the island.    697 00:40:24,755 --> 00:40:26,991   - Maybe some of the decisions  698 00:40:27,057 --> 00:40:30,594 that were made were more           politically motivated          699 00:40:30,661 --> 00:40:32,830   than were practical.           700 00:40:35,199 --> 00:40:38,035     (Narrator): Investigators       now know the factors          701 00:40:38,102 --> 00:40:40,337   that led to the deaths            of three passengers           702 00:40:40,404 --> 00:40:43,841   and two pilots onboard           Wideroe Flight 8-3-9.          703 00:40:44,875 --> 00:40:48,212   - First up, you have             an airport next to a mountain  704 00:40:48,279 --> 00:40:50,047   resulting in dangerous winds.  705 00:40:50,114 --> 00:40:52,550   Lower wind limits are imposed  706 00:40:52,616 --> 00:40:56,620   but the result is an              increase in cancellations.    707 00:40:56,687 --> 00:40:59,223 - Which forces the limits        to change again.                 708 00:40:59,290 --> 00:41:01,459 - The limits go back up,         709 00:41:01,525 --> 00:41:03,828 and then finally                 the unreliable wind data,        710 00:41:03,894 --> 00:41:05,963   which results in wind reports  711 00:41:06,030 --> 00:41:10,267 being ignored by pilots.         712 00:41:14,505 --> 00:41:17,875  - Rules are established           for a reason.                  713 00:41:17,942 --> 00:41:22,546  If you don't follow the rules,  you're taking a big risk.        714 00:41:22,613 --> 00:41:26,116  (radio): Wind has varied           two one zero                  715 00:41:26,183 --> 00:41:30,387  to two nine zero degrees            with gusts of 34.            716 00:41:30,454 --> 00:41:33,457  - Yeah. Roger. We are rolling.  717 00:41:37,795 --> 00:41:41,765     (Narrator): Wideroe Flight   8-3-9 enters turbulent airspace  718 00:41:41,832 --> 00:41:45,269     when the winds coming off        the mountain were extreme.   719 00:41:46,070 --> 00:41:47,838   The force of the winds         720 00:41:47,905 --> 00:41:50,941     causes the right elevator     to break free...                721 00:41:53,811 --> 00:41:56,213   - Something's wrong.           722 00:41:56,280 --> 00:41:58,616   (Narrator): ...bending             the connecting rod           723 00:41:58,682 --> 00:42:00,951  until it fails.                 724 00:42:04,755 --> 00:42:07,825 - No. No, no, no.                725 00:42:10,294 --> 00:42:13,964 - It was subject                   to aerodynamic loads           726 00:42:14,031 --> 00:42:18,469   that exceeded the structural     strength of the tail.          727 00:42:21,572 --> 00:42:24,408    (Harald): It must have been     absolutely terrifying          728 00:42:24,475 --> 00:42:28,178  because you would pull             the control column            729 00:42:28,245 --> 00:42:30,547   without any reaction at all.   730 00:42:30,614 --> 00:42:32,683    - Oh, God!                    731 00:42:42,893 --> 00:42:45,663     (Narrator): The Norwegian       Accident Commission           732 00:42:45,729 --> 00:42:46,830     for Civil Aviation           733 00:42:46,897 --> 00:42:49,600     recommends new regulations      for the distribution          734 00:42:49,667 --> 00:42:51,502    of wind information to crews  735 00:42:51,569 --> 00:42:55,072     and urges Wideroe              to ensure their pilots         736 00:42:55,139 --> 00:42:58,108 follow established restrictions. 737 00:42:58,175 --> 00:43:00,744   - The Captain wanted              to get the job done           738 00:43:00,811 --> 00:43:03,981 and he probably got away           with it other times,           739 00:43:04,048 --> 00:43:07,484   but this time                     it didn't work out.           740 00:43:11,455 --> 00:43:13,757     (Narrator): Other             recommendations are made        741 00:43:13,824 --> 00:43:14,925    for Vaeroy airport,           742 00:43:14,992 --> 00:43:17,828   but ultimately                     it is deemed too dangerous   743 00:43:17,895 --> 00:43:21,632   and the airport never reopens    to commercial traffic.         744 00:43:23,968 --> 00:43:27,037   - Vaeroy airport was             open only four years,          745 00:43:27,104 --> 00:43:30,240   which makes it one of             the shortest-lived airports   746 00:43:30,307 --> 00:43:31,709   in the world.                  747 00:43:35,613 --> 00:43:38,782 (Harald): I wish that we           had put our foot down          748 00:43:38,849 --> 00:43:41,752   and said, "No more."           749 00:43:43,220 --> 00:43:46,390    I wish the company               had done the same.            750 00:43:48,359 --> 00:43:52,296   I wish the government           and the experts                 751 00:43:52,363 --> 00:43:55,599   had listened                   to our warnings earlier.         752 00:43:57,735 --> 00:44:01,472  Then we might have had             our colleagues still alive.   753 00:44:03,474 --> 00:44:07,411   (theme music)                  754 00:44:07,478 --> 00:44:09,713    Subtilling: difuze            86232

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