All language subtitles for How the Universe Works S05E07 The Dark Matter Enigma

Everything we see from people to cities in
millions The stars that fill the night sky

It consists of the same substance

But there's something else there.
There's something strange.

Hidden black matter

Our universe is also filled and the key to the
existence of everything, including ourselves

Translated by:
dr_sameh_nour yahoo, com

Ways of working the universe

The mystery of the dark matter}

There is something about your being that may surprise you.

We exist with cosmic ghosts side by side

Ordinary article ,,, Article
Compose stars, planets and people

Make up only part of what's there

Invisible Network of Foreign Material Connect
the galaxies that make up our universe

We can not see this
Mysterious article or feel it

But we are sure of its existence Because
we can measure its attractiveness

It is curious to discover that what you
see and learn and all your experiences

only a little Extremely
located there is a balcony

Most of the materials are constituted by the universe
of a substance that we have not yet discovered

This strange hidden substance called dark matter

Most scientists believe that
Dark Matter is a racist particle

It relates to vast networks of clouds or halos What
binds the path to a galaxy that compares our universe

If you can use a mask or The
Elements can detect the dark matter

You'll see them pass you by every second.

Thousands of them, billions Some of
them are around you all the time.

You can not see it, but its real effect.

We now begin decisively to understand this
The hidden spiral parts of dark matter

It formed everything we see in our universe today

Perhaps it also played a key role in our development

Dark Matter Like a hidden toy engine With hidden
chords that control the movements of everything we see

the central cause of our existence

The fact of our galaxy, the fact of our existence
Attributed to the fact that there is dark matter

If you think about it, the dark matter is important.

So how does black matter Form
the universe we see today?

The best way to find out Escape For the
beginning of everything ,,, the great crash

, 13.8 billion years ago

An infinite heat point And the
density of the explosion exists

This point the newly born universe

hot and filled only with an abstract card

When it expands, it cools and condensates
energy To be particles under small offspring

But they, too, are not pr tons El
trons who compose and compose me

Are particles of dark matter

If the dark matter were composed of
particles under strange descendants

It may have originated in the initial
universe Moments after the Big Bang

Even before the material existed
The common dark matter arose

The universe is still less than a second old

It's very dense and hot

At that specific point, adjacent particles Dark
Matter together Collisions were inevitable

The particles annihilated some of them, in Collide
with each other, emit an emission of energy

In addition to something new

Subatomic particles of normal matter The
material that forms the universe we see

It is also reasonable to enter into
conflict Two particles of dark matter

And they were destroyed in the initial universe to produce the eltron

It's part of my body now, Maybe I'm a
child Dark matter even in the direct sense

Did dark matter collide with the fabrication of all
the normal things we see in the universe today?

Depends on the composition of the particles of dark matter

The best part that particles of dark matter
Equivalent to one hundred times the mass of pr ton

But, unlike common matter, do not
interact with light or anything else

One of the biggest rivals of dark matter is something
called Wamp "or particles of weak interaction"

This particle appeared in the Big Bang

Currently Overdue

Wimb "is the biggest rival, because if you put" Your
characteristics are computer simulations of the big explosion

You end up being what we see today.

With 86% of dark matter
and 16% of normal substance

We receive equal numbers quantity of
material What we infer in the universe

There is strong indirect evidence that
those particles can be dark matter

If the current thinking is correct,
the substructure units of the universe

They were formed from colliding Wimp molecules

But the black matter changed The construction
of the universe was still in its infancy

In fact, you can answer black matter In
one of the greatest mysteries of cosmology

How did you fulfill the initial genes that
filled the first universe to be the first stars?

The puzzle and the universe begin with less than a second

Expands suddenly

In a period of less than one in a million
Millionth of billionth of billionth

Our universe has expanded 90 times in magnitude and magnitude

And move from a tom size to a basketball size

In a fraction of a second

This rapid expansion has created a
sea Particles are uniformly scattered

It cooled to be hydrogen and sodium atoms

The gases are subjected to compression under
gravity Severity to become the first stars

But there is a problem

The first g s of the universe evenly distributed
and Gravity pulls some separate parts

And cause gas areas to compress and assemble

If the whole universe were thin

It would be nice but bad

Because nothing will be seen

Something must be done to make this sea slave
From the g s presses and build the first stars

Something strange works on the lower standards

The interesting thing is that it measures "Small
because of the uncertainty principle of" Heisenberg

Strange things happen

When we see a car or runner or even
Spacecraft we can measure their movements

In the small quantitative world For the
newly born universe, we feel this certainty

Nothing has a driving force or a specific location

Because of the instability of something in the place
Balances or cavities may arise in the expanding universe

And when the universe swelled quickly it
proved These swings in their positions

This makes heavy stitches squeezed by the withdrawal of g s

They act as attractive seeds to form stars

Fortunately, these scales Apricot
acts as a nuclear cosmic nerve

Specifies where, when, and how the structure will be set up
later For stars, planets, and all other magnificent objects

What we see today in today's world

I think it's one of the most beautiful ideas of science That
something like the principle of "Heisenberg" is certain

What we think applies only to
small things in quantum mechanics

Finally responsible for the larger
structures we know in the universe

"Thank you," Heisenberg

The origin of the scales solved by ambiguity
How to elevate the universe to its structures

But there is another problem

If you calculate the mass of g s alone

The pool does not attract enough attraction to do
everything The stars we see in the universe today

Something else has to be added Block
for extraction of compressed g s

Can this thing be a dark matter?

Universe scientists debate today
As to the intriguing paradox

How to press the g s that filled the
universe in the first very quickly

Enough to form the stars we see today

When there were not enough genes to start

The only answer is that there must be
something different from the common article.

Add a block to the g s pull
And help them squeeze the stars

If only there were common

Structures will not grow fast enough

There will not be enough structures in the universe

We calculated that there was no time Since the
beginning of the universe of common matter

Click to be gal xias
Stars, planets and humans

Many scientists now believe that
Incremental acceleration for star formation

Dark matter was hidden

Although the material is dark and normal
Do not interact with each other directly

They are gravity-activated

This is obviously very important for our existence.

If we put the dark stuff, Everything
will work and this is incredible.

To make the universe work

When the universe expanded early it also cooled

now a sea of hydrogen and helium

There is also a lot of dark matter that arose in
balloons and cracks in the expanding universe

To create high gravity areas

The dark matter was free to do In turn,
and begin to maximize their standards

And collect them, before normal material is collected

Dark matter played a key role

This vast universe is made an exciting
thing that we are living today

Concentrations of traction traction of dark matter
It works in the attraction of hydrogen and soft iron

The clouds become denser and denser until they are raised
Nuclear Fusion, and produced the first stars in our universe

Gra as dark matter

I put together and pressed what allowed
the Regular material later falling

Dark matter what made the first batch

To form stars and black holes Planets,
astronauts, humans and everything else

You must understand that dark matter is
the dominant form of matter in the universe

At the beginning of the universe
were What started the whole thing

Normal material was ready to take on

Dark matter explains how it exploded
The first stars of the universe for life

But when the astronomers searched the initial universe

They saw that those stars were
not alone She lived next to giants

Large black holes

Perplexed, we see some of these black
Supermodel holes in the early universe

It was not enough time between the Big Bang and when
we studied these things to grow into these large sizes

Big black holes Are the
giants of the early universe

Some weigh twelve billion.
Bend the mass of our sun.

Growing So Fast It remained one of
the greatest mysteries of cosmology

So maybe

Some scientists believe that the
beginning Those first black holes

Maybe she grew up with a super strange star

The dark star call

Maybe the stars were dark The first
emerging stars of the universe

It came about when the universe was only 200 million years old

It's too early

Composed of common material,
composed of hydrogen and sodium

But dark matter connects

Catherine Fries believes that when she was
born These giant stars in the early universe

Her enormous appeal drew her Dark particles
of matter in relation to the genital organs

These particles collided with each
other Some to release energy emissions

When they meet, they will be destroyed.

It turns into something else

That means editing a lot
of heat and lots of energy

This energy is what drives the stars

In some stars, it is possible to interact
The interior managed by dark matter

The dark area provided Energy to
keep the ignition of these stars

That's gorgeous because you only need a fiver of ten
thousand pieces Of dark matter to run an entire giant star

The dark energy of the planet allows
Dark stars can become very large

These first objects are very strange

It's very cold and huge.

And ten times their size The distance
between the sun and the earth

They are huge, greasy and cool
run by the dark matter p tio

But when the fuel of dark matter ends, there
is nothing for the giant stars to hold

There's nothing to hold on to The
fat, the huge crime will collapse

If it was big enough it will
fall directly into a black hole

Because the collapsed star was too big

It was the new black hole
What is also super-great

If the dark stars were present, it would be
possible The black holes that create are huge

Because of the presence of dark matter can begin
with black Supermodel holes in the initial universe

But that only due to the presence of
substance Dark directs those early stars

Perhaps the dark matter has helped
,,, setting up our main units

Stars and black holes

But the extent of this engine hit
mysterious Dolls to expand more and more?

There are standards in the dissemination of galaxies and galaxy
clusters. Common matter can not be interpreted by itself

Our sun star one of the two hundred
A billion stars form our gal xia

But how is this meeting? The vastness
of the stars in the first place?

They have seen the Via L ctea with a metaphor For
the dark subject, you will find an indication

A halo of dark matter involves gal xia

The halo of dark matter helps form galaxy By
providing gravity by binding bodies together,

This may have allowed our galaxy to form

The attraction of this enormous structure brought
the Normal material to be Via L ctea in the middle

Astronomers used to think they were spreading
Galaxies across the universe were random

But recent observations have found something incredible

The walls of interconnected galaxies
span Spain for millions of light-years

One of the best discoveries
in the last decades

the formation of galaxies for these
compositions What expands to the known universe

The Great Wall is a series of galaxies
spanning hundreds of millions of light years

To understand how to form those vast Hungarian structures

The astronomers used telescopes like
Atakama The Great Millimeter or the Soul

an array of 66 radiotelespios

strong where you can
face In billions of years

Until the formation of the first Hungarian structures

Alma can look past the
history of the universe

Similar compositions are seen
as being These giant galaxies

Large primary wall

He gave us the snapshot "Soul" on
How the Universe Evolves Newborn

Show us that as the universe expanded, I
aligned emerging Gal xias with their neighbors

as if the expanding universe made sticky lines

And elements that compose gal
xias New tied to these topics

Flies also cling to the spider's web

It turns out that these hidden segments are dark matter

as dark matter Normal
material was attracted by this

When the universe expanded, the clusters did not
expand The obscure subject quickly like the rest

But in contrast to the sticky candy with its
strong attractiveness that the shape in threads

These topics have formed an extensive network of
threads Dark Matter that extends across the universe

Thus, the attraction of the Dark article
netting by dragging the normal material

What increased as they met with topics

And eventually it went into columns in galaxies

Thicker yarns attracted most of the g s Providing
building units for Hungarian agglomerates

really attracted by These
huge chains in the universe

Hundreds of millions of light years

We are talking about massive structures

But they would not exist without the dark matter

The galaxies themselves were
able to Because of this structure

There are gal xias, stars and planets, and you're here
Because of the dark material that gives us the picture

The network is also fueled by electricity In
the city, defining the nature of the building

Galaxies are organized around the cosmic grid

It seems that the city planners here On Earth
they can follow the example of the universe

Except they use roads instead of dark matter

New York "Best example"

Imagine New York without roads

There will be no structure or basis

All will fail

When people designed the city that founded Electricity
Builders and highways and that was the base

Then the building blocks later

He also made the dark matter network
Transfer building elements to galaxies

The New York City road network came with concrete
concrete to build the buildings of its city

Obscure what you put Foundation,
place the cosmic structures

So, the normal substance Gal xias later
falls in the clusters we see today

The beauty of this cosmic structure
The new discovery surprises me

There is this dark matter grid

And you must do fast ways that fall
through them Dark Matter for Compositions

This is the place where the largest and brightest galaxies are formed

Whenever cosmologists study dark matter

His vision of his important role in the
Formation of the universe we see today

But despite these thoughts about our origin

Scientists still do not know the nature of dark matter

How do you measure something that you do not see or feel?

In the last fifty years, he has discovered The
astronomers are incredible in relation to our universe

Controlled by a hidden puppet
engine called dark matter

Dark matter formed And the organization
of soft structures in our universe

Maybe you have also made the toms that make up your bodies

But it remains a mystery because we also
do not see it. We feel or measure directly

One of the characteristics of the dark matter is that
we know that it certainly does not react with light

Do not shine or reflect light

If you throw a laser beam at the material
The dark will pass the beam and do nothing

The term dark matter is a little complicated

Perhaps the real term has transparent material

But it does not look as big as dark matter

If we can not see the material Did not the
darkness guarantee the existence of scientists?

how to know many things that we can not see

We use gravity, we do not react to dark matter
with light, but it interacts with gravity

S studies the movement of stars and even
the movement of galaxies, galaxy clusters

We know of an extra substance that has a mass

And it directs the movement of these stars
and galaxies in ways we do not expect

The first to monitor this unusual movement
"In galaxies was the astronomer" Fritz Zwiki

In the 1930s

Using a custom telescope,
a length of twelve inches

He studied the method of interaction.
Many gal xias

Within a monolithic group of
galaxies are known as clusters

"He was" Fritz Zwiki Studying the
movements of gal xias and clusters

He thought those galaxies.
She was moving too fast.

Each mass of material accompanied by a rapid fall

Even if it moves faster than the escape velocity,
it will not become part of this system

The rocket also escapes gravity The
Earth has accelerated sufficiently

Galaxy is separated from the cluster
hungry if you moved fast enough

"How Observed" Zwicky Let the
galaxies in the cluster Eat

You must move quickly to escape the
attractive tension of your neighbors

But instead of going to the various corners of the universe

The galaxies remained together

Zviki thought that an unknown substance had been added
Block and thus an additional attractiveness of the system

Glue the galaxies in place

Perhaps there is something extra that offers
attraction More than we calculate based on what we see

At the time, Zwicky's theory of the source was not The
exponent of the excess of gravity did not receive audition

Zviki was an unpopular colleague I
think irritated many of his colleagues

Maybe that's why he did not accept her assumption.

The other reason was too much ahead
of him as a scientist in his time

Where it took time for the rest of society to follow

It took another 30 years until the
discovery of an important astronomer

Vera Rubin "to squeeze the material"
The dark path to the folders

Vera Rubin was looking at the galaxies themselves

Galaxies are clusters of g s, stars and dust

Has a total movement

Our gal xia of the Via L ctea is a disc This
disc moves around the center of gal xia

You wait for the stars to spin In
the middle of the galaxy quickly

And that the stars at the ends of the galaxy turn slowly

As the planets revolve around the sun
as the outer planets rotate slowly

I discovered that the ends of the galaxy were spinning
the same The speed of the inner parts around galaxy

It's illogical

The galaxy stars seemed as fixed as if
they were stuck in a huge spinning wheel

The only way to achieve
That is an extra attraction.

Extra material, extra mass adds gravity

What makes these outer stars spin fast

The only conclusion is that the roll wheel Affected
by something gigantic and completely invisible

When the astronomers saw their telescopes
to see If this mass conceals the real

They found evidence of it wherever it seemed

Whenever others can do what they did

People began to realize that Fritz and Vera were correct.

This strange substance really does exist.

There are few galaxies

But all the gal xias we
see controlled black matter

Now we know the existence of dark matter

But we are still far from knowing what

"We think it could be a huge call Wimp

But the family may be full of particles
What are dark atoms and dark particles

There may be a whole dark universe
Is full of hidden dark planets

And it illuminates the dark light of its dark stars

Scientists Strive to Discover
The True Identity of Dark Matter

Our best candidates until now
"Virtual particles called Wimp

But because Wimp can penetrate
ordinary Matter, such as the ghost

The researchers returned empty hands

Dark matter can not penetrate

But certainly

I do not understand this

That's why we built these precious observatories
Here on the ground to try to catch them

So, scientists can capture and analyze Wimp

Stakes will stop

The biggest challenge for the theory
"We have not found any of them yet"

We've been looking for this for many years

Will be embarrassing soon

"Maybe the dark matter is not made up of" Wimp

Perhaps the material that makes up the material
Darkness stranger and more complex than we imagine

I knew this regular article
Comes in different ways

Electrons and pr tons
Neutrons, quarks, etc.,

Why take a kind One
of the dark things?

Our approach may be wrong at all.

Instead of looking for a kind of particle, maybe there
are different types of particles of dark matter

The particles of ordinary matter react with
each other to become atoms and molecules

The material we feel and see

If the dark matter formed from
different particles can do the same

React and adopt dark toms for dark matter

Maybe it's a dark element

If we show that dark matter interacts with one another

That means dark galaxies and dark stars The dark planets and
the dark people that surround us now do not recognize them

Does the universe exist?
Really dark hidden?

In 2012, he gave a Chandra
telescope "X-ray astronomers"

The first indication
of Black Matter reacts

Note the collision of the telescope two
bunches Hungarians feed hundreds of galaxies

Astronomers expect to see what happens to dark matter
Within clusters, any kind of interaction appears

What does dark matter do when the
clusters collide with each other?

This is the important issue

When collisions collide, do
collide dark matter and jump?

Or follow a path

If we can measure this difference, we can know whether
the dark matter interacts with each other or not

The two galaxies penetrated, but nothing left.

A tangled mass of dark matter

There seems to be dark matter
Additional sliding in the middle

It seems that when card merged
Dark Matter An additional pull

This tensioning part of
Dark Matter between them

To make this trait, the substance must react
Dark in the two opposing Hungarian groups

If true

It means the interaction of some
parts Dark Matter with one another

If true, it can be a strong detector
of a straight black substance

This could turn the table.

There may be dark planets and
living dark matter organisms

There can be a dark and hidden universe
If it is allowed to say that it is dark

Can exceed limits
Raiseable, but impossible

If this dark sector existed
There could be a dark light

Imagine the existence of this universe
It is dark and has dark radiate

This dark radiate travels
in Waves we call dark light

Maybe we can wear dark glasses and see
The dark universe through this dark light

Reactive black matter Take
on hidden worlds at our side

But are these views true or fictional?

I think the stars are dark and the planets are dark
Dark people in the world of science fiction now

, You will need a wild imagination to imagine the dark
sector is more difficult to do something like ours

There are planets and dark people
,,, Mazlmon and dark TV programs

Perception of persons, not negotiation

But beyond the limits of credibility

There is a lot of dark matter
Control the destiny of our universe

If only a small part of it can interact
with other forms of dark matter

Bets will end

Even a percentage of
reactive black matter

It can lead to significant consequences
on the future of life on Earth

Where a new dialectical theory assumes that
In the future, dark matter will react "

Sending a barrage of comets to us

We know about the Dark
stuff at the same time

The Dark Matter Power The
dominant creative in our universe

But did you help us grow too?

Some scientists believe in this
moment In the evolution of humanity

You may have been directly affected
by the Dark material on the Via L ctea

This dialectical hypothesis inspired it One of
the most violent moments in Earth's history

, H 56 million years ago

An object the size of Mount Everest hit the ground

The collision darkened the c u and burned the continents

The energy released in this collision

About a billion of the bomb "Hiroshima"
fell in World War II, a billion times

This disastrous event ended the dinosaur era

And paved the way for the prosperity of our mammoth predecessors

But was it an event?

Collective extinctions occurred several times on the ground

The question is "whether there is a pattern, or a time? Do we
know the increased risk of a collective and collective event?

Anything we attach to the larger universe?

Gen. Mike Rabino thinks there is a pattern

May be related to dark matter

We were looking at probability
Geological history courses

We find what we think is a drama of thirty million
years Years of all sorts of geological phenomena

What can do it? The course
of 30 million years?

A guide comes from the passage of the sun around the Via L ctea

The sun takes a quarter of a billion years To
travel through the galaxy of the Via L ctea

But when we turn around the center of the galaxy
Nhz Up and down through the larger gal xia disk

Swinging like a horse swivel game

The sun crosses the Hungarian
level Once every 30 million years

By doing so, you can also cross a layer of
Dark Matter interacting with one another

my guess, but the idea of being able to
separate A small dark matter creates a disk

,,, together with the album of our gal xia

Among the stars on the album where the sun lives

There is a thin disk of dark matter

This can do many amazing things.

This record has a strong track record

When our solar system crosses it

The gravity of the disk can be disturbing of
the comets orbits in the external solar system

And he sends them to the floor.

Perhaps what killed the dinosaurs And
paved the way for human development

It was one of those events
that unleashed by dark matter

"The hypothesis called" Shiva

Because "Shiva" in Hinduism is the god of destruction and resurrection

Destroy a world, destroy the world of dinosaurs

The world started with mammals and birds

If so, the article has been played
The dark plays an important role here

From the beginning after the explosion The
very same human beings evolved themselves

Bring Dark Matter to Earth's Collective
Extinction a frightening idea

The solar system is still swinging Up
and down through the Hungarian level

The next comet in trouble can take our name on it

Fortunately, the theory of the annihilation
of matter Dark dinosaurs are only a theory

We are talking about assumptions about assumptions

If the dark matter is present in this way

If it consisted of interacting
particles With it itself being a tablet

Even if this disc is present

Lulu,,

This idea is interesting

"If you were a writer here in New York

She opts for the black matter that kills dinosaurs

But great, people do math! More
carefully and I test these possibilities

The scene is not clear, but there is something right.

Without the dark stuff of what we have here

The fact that the universe is full of matter in the stars
Galaxies arise from the fact that there is dark matter

If he asked me a little where you came from?

I'll tell the dark matter

Dictate the dark matter about how gal xias
Consists and how it moves and our future

We live in reality Black
matter is not our universe