All language subtitles for v.h.s01e04.1080p.web.h264-cbfm_track3_[eng]

af Afrikaans
ak Akan
sq Albanian
am Amharic
ar Arabic
hy Armenian
az Azerbaijani
eu Basque
be Belarusian
bem Bemba
bn Bengali
bh Bihari
bs Bosnian
br Breton
bg Bulgarian
km Cambodian
ca Catalan
ceb Cebuano
chr Cherokee
ny Chichewa
zh-CN Chinese (Simplified)
zh-TW Chinese (Traditional)
co Corsican
hr Croatian
cs Czech
da Danish
nl Dutch
en English
eo Esperanto
et Estonian
ee Ewe
fo Faroese
tl Filipino
fi Finnish
fr French
fy Frisian
gaa Ga
gl Galician
ka Georgian
de German
gn Guarani
gu Gujarati
ht Haitian Creole
ha Hausa
haw Hawaiian
iw Hebrew
hi Hindi
hmn Hmong
hu Hungarian
is Icelandic
ig Igbo
id Indonesian
ia Interlingua
ga Irish
it Italian
ja Japanese
jw Javanese
kn Kannada
kk Kazakh
rw Kinyarwanda
rn Kirundi
kg Kongo
ko Korean
kri Krio (Sierra Leone)
ku Kurdish
ckb Kurdish (Soranî)
ky Kyrgyz
lo Laothian
la Latin
lv Latvian
ln Lingala
lt Lithuanian
loz Lozi
lg Luganda
ach Luo
lb Luxembourgish
mk Macedonian
mg Malagasy
ms Malay
ml Malayalam
mt Maltese
mi Maori
mr Marathi
mfe Mauritian Creole
mo Moldavian
mn Mongolian
my Myanmar (Burmese)
sr-ME Montenegrin
ne Nepali
pcm Nigerian Pidgin
nso Northern Sotho
no Norwegian
nn Norwegian (Nynorsk)
oc Occitan
or Oriya
om Oromo
ps Pashto
fa Persian
pl Polish
pt-BR Portuguese (Brazil)
pt Portuguese (Portugal)
pa Punjabi
qu Quechua
ro Romanian
rm Romansh
nyn Runyakitara
ru Russian
sm Samoan
gd Scots Gaelic
sr Serbian
sh Serbo-Croatian
st Sesotho
tn Setswana
crs Seychellois Creole
sn Shona
sd Sindhi
si Sinhalese
sk Slovak
sl Slovenian
so Somali
es Spanish
es-419 Spanish (Latin American)
su Sundanese
sw Swahili
sv Swedish
tg Tajik
ta Tamil
tt Tatar
te Telugu
th Thai
ti Tigrinya
to Tonga
lua Tshiluba
tum Tumbuka
tr Turkish
tk Turkmen
tw Twi
ug Uighur
uk Ukrainian
ur Urdu
uz Uzbek
vi Vietnamese
cy Welsh
wo Wolof
xh Xhosa
yi Yiddish
yo Yoruba
zu Zulu
Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:01,434 --> 00:00:01,468 Na                               2 00:00:01,468 --> 00:00:01,501 Narr                             3 00:00:01,501 --> 00:00:01,534 Narrat                           4 00:00:01,534 --> 00:00:01,568 Narrator                         5 00:00:01,568 --> 00:00:01,634 Narrator:                        6 00:00:01,634 --> 00:00:01,668 Narrator:                        Th                               7 00:00:01,668 --> 00:00:01,701 Narrator:                        The                              8 00:00:01,701 --> 00:00:01,735 Narrator:                        The co                           9 00:00:01,735 --> 00:00:01,768 Narrator:                        The conf                         10 00:00:01,768 --> 00:00:01,801 Narrator:                        The confed                       11 00:00:01,801 --> 00:00:01,835 Narrator:                        The confeder                     12 00:00:01,835 --> 00:00:01,868 Narrator:                        The confederat                   13 00:00:01,868 --> 00:00:01,901 Narrator:                        The confederate                  14 00:00:01,901 --> 00:00:01,935 Narrator:                        The confederate tr               15 00:00:01,935 --> 00:00:01,968 Narrator:                        The confederate trea             16 00:00:01,968 --> 00:00:02,002 Narrator:                        The confederate treasu           17 00:00:02,002 --> 00:00:02,035 Narrator:                        The confederate treasury         18 00:00:02,035 --> 00:00:03,169 Narrator:                        The confederate treasury,        19 00:00:03,169 --> 00:00:05,572    worth an estimated               $142 Million today,           20 00:00:05,572 --> 00:00:10,377   seemingly vanished following    the American Civil War in 1865. 21 00:00:11,244 --> 00:00:12,879 Anthea Nardi: One of the            most enduring theories was    22 00:00:12,879 --> 00:00:16,016    that it was stolen,             or quietly diverted,           23 00:00:16,016 --> 00:00:18,118    by the men assigned            to protect it.                  24 00:00:20,520 --> 00:00:23,456   Narrator: Ivan the Terrible,      curator of one of history's   25 00:00:23,456 --> 00:00:26,126  most prized libraries,           may have taken                  26 00:00:26,126 --> 00:00:28,628    its secret location             to his grave.                  27 00:00:29,863 --> 00:00:31,631   Alison Leonard: Ivan may have   stored the library in the many  28 00:00:31,631 --> 00:00:34,134  corridors and chambers he liked  to imprison and torture         29 00:00:34,134 --> 00:00:36,336    his enemies in, right under   Moscow's Kremlin.                30 00:00:38,571 --> 00:00:41,608  Narrator: The unsolved heist of  the Irish Crown Jewels          31 00:00:41,608 --> 00:00:44,177    from Dublin Castle in 1907,   32 00:00:44,177 --> 00:00:47,113    points to a shadowy              cast of characters.           33 00:00:48,081 --> 00:00:49,949 James Ellis: This sparked          rumors of a cover-up,          34 00:00:49,949 --> 00:00:53,720 suggesting that certain powerful interests had something to hide. 35 00:00:54,888 --> 00:00:56,489    ♪♪                            36 00:00:56,489 --> 00:00:59,526  Narrator: The chain of history   has many missing links.         37 00:00:59,993 --> 00:01:01,561 Prominent people.                38 00:01:01,561 --> 00:01:03,196   Priceless treasures.           39 00:01:03,196 --> 00:01:05,165 Extraordinary artifacts.         40 00:01:05,965 --> 00:01:08,768  Their locations still unknown,  41 00:01:08,768 --> 00:01:10,703 lost to the fog of time.         42 00:01:12,005 --> 00:01:14,841 What happens when                 stories of the past...          43 00:01:14,841 --> 00:01:16,409 become...                        44 00:01:16,409 --> 00:01:17,644 Vanished History?                45 00:01:17,644 --> 00:01:32,025    ♪♪                            46 00:01:32,025 --> 00:01:34,127 Narrator: In April 1865,         47 00:01:34,127 --> 00:01:37,097 as the Civil War reached          its brutal conclusion,          48 00:01:37,097 --> 00:01:39,132  the Confederate                 States of America                49 00:01:39,132 --> 00:01:42,202 crumbled under the weight           of Union victories.           50 00:01:43,303 --> 00:01:46,206  The Confederate capital         city of Richmond burned,         51 00:01:46,206 --> 00:01:49,509  as its leaders fled in          the night on two trains:         52 00:01:49,509 --> 00:01:53,513    one carried Jefferson Davis     and his desperate government;  53 00:01:53,513 --> 00:01:55,982  the other, the                    Confederate treasury:          54 00:01:55,982 --> 00:01:58,485   a fortune in gold and silver.  55 00:02:00,787 --> 00:02:02,455   Anthea Nardi: The Confederate    treasury represented           56 00:02:02,455 --> 00:02:05,658 more than money, it was a symbol of Southern independence         57 00:02:05,658 --> 00:02:07,927  and their only hope of             sustaining a regime           58 00:02:07,927 --> 00:02:09,662  on the brink of defeat.         59 00:02:10,930 --> 00:02:14,200 It included over                 $700,000 in gold, silver,        60 00:02:14,200 --> 00:02:16,102    and donations from               Southern families,            61 00:02:16,102 --> 00:02:18,104    such as heirlooms, jewelry,   62 00:02:18,104 --> 00:02:20,273  even sweepings                  from mint floors.                63 00:02:22,008 --> 00:02:25,211 James Ellis: When Richmond fell, the President of the Confederacy 64 00:02:25,211 --> 00:02:28,281  - Jefferson Davis, and           his cabinet fled south,         65 00:02:28,281 --> 00:02:30,984  taking the Confederate             treasury with them,           66 00:02:30,984 --> 00:02:35,388   a fortune worth about             $142 million today.           67 00:02:35,388 --> 00:02:38,158   But just weeks later,          when Davis was captured,         68 00:02:38,158 --> 00:02:40,226  the treasure was gone.          69 00:02:40,226 --> 00:02:43,496  And that leaves one big            question: Where did it go?    70 00:02:50,003 --> 00:02:52,438  Narrator: The Civil War          began in 1861,                  71 00:02:52,438 --> 00:02:55,408   when 11 Southern states broke    away from the Union,           72 00:02:55,408 --> 00:02:57,243 aiming to protect slavery        73 00:02:57,243 --> 00:02:59,879  and their idea                     of states' rights.            74 00:03:01,014 --> 00:03:03,416   James Ellis: Virginia became      the heart of the conflict.    75 00:03:03,416 --> 00:03:05,852   Early victories gave            the Confederates hope,          76 00:03:05,852 --> 00:03:09,088    but General Robert E. Lee's     defeats at Gettysburg          77 00:03:09,088 --> 00:03:11,658  and Petersburg,                 shattered that optimism.         78 00:03:13,126 --> 00:03:14,994  Four years after the war began, 79 00:03:14,994 --> 00:03:17,030  the South was in ruins,         80 00:03:17,030 --> 00:03:19,199    its cities burning,             its armies depleted,           81 00:03:19,199 --> 00:03:21,434   and its people were starving.  82 00:03:24,437 --> 00:03:26,206  Alison Leonard:                 On April 2, 1865,                83 00:03:26,206 --> 00:03:28,241   Jefferson Davis received word  that Lee's lines                 84 00:03:28,241 --> 00:03:29,776   at Petersburg had collapsed.   85 00:03:29,776 --> 00:03:32,412   An evacuation of Richmond was    ordered immediately,           86 00:03:32,412 --> 00:03:34,247    but not before the              Confederate treasury           87 00:03:34,247 --> 00:03:35,715   was removed from its vaults.   88 00:03:37,550 --> 00:03:39,252    Adam Bunch:                   That night, at midnight,         89 00:03:39,252 --> 00:03:41,988 two trains left Richmond,        90 00:03:41,988 --> 00:03:43,890 fleeing ahead of the Union army: 91 00:03:43,890 --> 00:03:47,126  one carrying government         documents and officials;         92 00:03:47,126 --> 00:03:49,229  the other, under the command of 93 00:03:49,229 --> 00:03:52,599  Navy Captain William H. Parker,    held the treasury.            94 00:03:54,534 --> 00:03:56,069   Anthea Nardi:                  Guarded by naval cadets,         95 00:03:56,069 --> 00:03:57,604  some as young as 12 years old,  96 00:03:57,604 --> 00:04:00,073  the train moved towards            Danville, Virginia,           97 00:04:00,073 --> 00:04:02,075   over 140 miles south.          98 00:04:02,075 --> 00:04:04,143    There, the railroad ended,    99 00:04:04,143 --> 00:04:06,613  and the weight of over           9,000 pounds of silver          100 00:04:06,613 --> 00:04:08,748 became an insurmountable            challenge.                    101 00:04:10,950 --> 00:04:12,685    James Ellis: From Danville,    the men and their cargo         102 00:04:12,685 --> 00:04:15,255  continued their journey           south, by horseback,           103 00:04:15,255 --> 00:04:17,991  toward the U.S. Mint in            Charlotte, North Carolina,    104 00:04:17,991 --> 00:04:21,794  where Captain Parker initially   planned to secure the treasure. 105 00:04:21,794 --> 00:04:25,565   The Union cavalry in the area     forced a change of course.    106 00:04:30,403 --> 00:04:32,171 Narrator: As Confederate         forces dwindled,                 107 00:04:32,171 --> 00:04:33,806  so did their resources,         108 00:04:33,806 --> 00:04:37,310   and the burden of protecting   the treasury soon shifted        109 00:04:37,310 --> 00:04:40,580   to Secretary of War,             John C. Breckenridge.          110 00:04:42,315 --> 00:04:44,150    Adam Bunch: It's said that      Breckenridge trusted           111 00:04:44,150 --> 00:04:45,785   what was left of the treasure  112 00:04:45,785 --> 00:04:48,921  to a Brigadier General          named Basil Duke.                113 00:04:48,921 --> 00:04:50,890  It was divided into six wagons  114 00:04:50,890 --> 00:04:53,259 guarded by fewer than 1,000 men, 115 00:04:53,259 --> 00:04:56,362  and started a dangerous         retreat through Georgia,         116 00:04:56,362 --> 00:04:59,899  heading deeper into the south,     away from the front lines.    117 00:05:01,934 --> 00:05:03,603   James Ellis: On May 10, 1865,  118 00:05:03,603 --> 00:05:07,006   Jefferson Davis was captured   near Irwinville, Georgia,        119 00:05:07,006 --> 00:05:09,242  carrying only a                 handful of coins.                120 00:05:09,242 --> 00:05:13,012    Union troops seized           $100,000 in gold                 121 00:05:13,012 --> 00:05:14,647   stored in a Washington bank,   122 00:05:14,647 --> 00:05:17,483  but the bulk of                  the treasury was gone.          123 00:05:21,120 --> 00:05:23,589   Narrator: Theories about the      Confederate treasure's fate   124 00:05:23,589 --> 00:05:26,859 began in Danville, where          advancing Union forces          125 00:05:26,859 --> 00:05:28,795    drove desperate decisions.    126 00:05:29,562 --> 00:05:30,763   Alison Leonard: It's possible  that some of the                 127 00:05:30,763 --> 00:05:32,465   Confederate treasure            was buried in Danville          128 00:05:32,465 --> 00:05:34,367   during those chaotic            final days of the war.          129 00:05:34,367 --> 00:05:35,835   With the sheer weight            of the silver                  130 00:05:35,835 --> 00:05:37,770    and the logistical            challenges of moving it,         131 00:05:37,770 --> 00:05:39,739   Confederate officials          might have had no choice         132 00:05:39,739 --> 00:05:41,474    but to hide                    it in remote locations,         133 00:05:41,474 --> 00:05:43,943 planning to come back for        it once the war was over.        134 00:05:45,912 --> 00:05:47,780    Adam Bunch: The Confederate    government briefly used         135 00:05:47,780 --> 00:05:51,184 Danville as essentially,          its makeshift capital,          136 00:05:51,184 --> 00:05:53,686    but was soon forced            to keep fleeing south.          137 00:05:53,686 --> 00:05:55,621    It would have been            a frantic scene,                 138 00:05:55,621 --> 00:05:57,724   with soldiers working            late into the night,           139 00:05:57,724 --> 00:06:00,059 said to have been moving            crates and barrels            140 00:06:00,059 --> 00:06:03,262    that sparked some theories       about part of the treasury    141 00:06:03,262 --> 00:06:05,498    maybe being hidden nearby.    142 00:06:07,233 --> 00:06:08,568   James Ellis:                   Some speculated that the         143 00:06:08,568 --> 00:06:10,002   Knights of the Golden Circle,  144 00:06:10,002 --> 00:06:13,239  a shadowy organization          tied to the Confederacy,         145 00:06:13,239 --> 00:06:15,641 played a role in                   hiding the treasure.           146 00:06:15,641 --> 00:06:18,211  The Knights were known           for their coded symbols         147 00:06:18,211 --> 00:06:19,545   and elaborate rituals          148 00:06:19,545 --> 00:06:22,548   and were said to mark             significant hiding places.    149 00:06:22,548 --> 00:06:26,419  They entrusted these locations   only to loyal members.          150 00:06:26,419 --> 00:06:29,389  This secrecy has fueled            speculation                   151 00:06:29,389 --> 00:06:31,758    about buried caches             throughout the South.          152 00:06:33,960 --> 00:06:36,596  Adam Bunch: Some people like to   say the gold might be buried   153 00:06:36,596 --> 00:06:38,965 in Danville's cemeteries,        154 00:06:38,965 --> 00:06:41,934  but there's been no proof of a  link between those sites         155 00:06:41,934 --> 00:06:43,803  and the Knights                   of the Golden Circle,          156 00:06:43,803 --> 00:06:47,140   and there are laws protecting     burial grounds too.           157 00:06:47,140 --> 00:06:50,543 Even advanced tools like ground-  penetrating radar haven't found 158 00:06:50,543 --> 00:06:53,846    any proof of hidden             Confederate gold in the city.  159 00:06:53,846 --> 00:06:56,349  But for some, that just         makes the mystery                160 00:06:56,349 --> 00:06:58,050   even more intriguing.          161 00:07:02,321 --> 00:07:04,290  Narrator: Some believe          the fate of the treasury         162 00:07:04,290 --> 00:07:06,826   wasn't left entirely           to circumstance;                 163 00:07:06,826 --> 00:07:10,763 along its journey, key decisions and those who made them,         164 00:07:10,763 --> 00:07:13,466  hint at a more deliberate plan. 165 00:07:15,001 --> 00:07:16,169   Anthea Nardi: One of the most  enduring theories                166 00:07:16,169 --> 00:07:19,105  about the Confederate treasury   was that it was stolen          167 00:07:19,105 --> 00:07:23,876  or quietly diverted by the men   assigned to protect it.         168 00:07:23,876 --> 00:07:27,647  On May 4, 1865,                  in Washington, Georgia,         169 00:07:27,647 --> 00:07:32,318   $86,000 in gold and bullion,     worth over $1 million today,   170 00:07:32,318 --> 00:07:34,387   was handed to                  Confederate Navy officers        171 00:07:34,387 --> 00:07:36,756 James Semple and Edward Tidball. 172 00:07:36,756 --> 00:07:39,759   Their mission was to smuggle   it to Liverpool, England,        173 00:07:39,759 --> 00:07:42,061    which was the Confederacy's    financial hub.                  174 00:07:44,564 --> 00:07:46,966   James Ellis: Liverpool was a     lifeline for the Confederacy,  175 00:07:46,966 --> 00:07:49,902  a gateway for resources          and diplomacy.                  176 00:07:49,902 --> 00:07:54,207  The gold was likely intended to  pay off debts, secure supplies, 177 00:07:54,207 --> 00:07:57,343   and maintain                   international alliances.         178 00:07:57,343 --> 00:07:58,744   But it never made it.          179 00:07:58,744 --> 00:08:01,547    Instead, Semple and           Tidball vanished,                180 00:08:01,547 --> 00:08:04,517    ultimately abandoning their      mission in South Carolina.    181 00:08:09,489 --> 00:08:10,723  Alison Leonard:                   Edward Tidball's postwar life  182 00:08:10,723 --> 00:08:12,492    was certainly questionable.   183 00:08:12,492 --> 00:08:14,393  Just days after getting           the gold from Davis,           184 00:08:14,393 --> 00:08:16,462   he was spotted heading north     from Georgia                   185 00:08:16,462 --> 00:08:18,531 and eventually settled in          Winchester, Virginia,          186 00:08:18,531 --> 00:08:20,933    where he built Linden Farm,     an extravagant estate          187 00:08:20,933 --> 00:08:23,002 far beyond the means of a           former Confederate officer.   188 00:08:24,670 --> 00:08:26,606 Narrator:                         While Tidball's rise to wealth  189 00:08:26,606 --> 00:08:28,608   hinted at possible betrayal,   190 00:08:28,608 --> 00:08:32,778   his companion, James Semple,     chose a more elusive path...   191 00:08:35,047 --> 00:08:37,950 Anthea Nardi: Semple's movements after the war are murky.         192 00:08:37,950 --> 00:08:40,620    Historical accounts            suggest he fled south,          193 00:08:40,620 --> 00:08:42,622  hiding in the Okefenokee Swamp  194 00:08:42,622 --> 00:08:45,691   before making his way          to Nassau in the Bahamas.        195 00:08:45,691 --> 00:08:47,493 He even exchanged letters        196 00:08:47,493 --> 00:08:50,029    with President John Tyler's     widow Julia,                   197 00:08:50,029 --> 00:08:52,999   which hint at lavish              spending on romance           198 00:08:52,999 --> 00:08:54,166   and secret dealings.           199 00:08:55,902 --> 00:08:58,738    Adam Bunch: Operating under     aliases like Allen S. James,   200 00:08:58,738 --> 00:09:01,774   Semple moved between             Canada and the United States,  201 00:09:01,774 --> 00:09:05,444  funneling resources to           Confederates in exile.          202 00:09:05,444 --> 00:09:07,380   So some people wonder whether  he might've used                 203 00:09:07,380 --> 00:09:10,883    the stolen treasury           to fund these operations         204 00:09:10,883 --> 00:09:13,653  and pursue political ambitions    after the war's end.           205 00:09:15,488 --> 00:09:17,456 Narrator:                         As the treasury's trail faded,  206 00:09:17,456 --> 00:09:19,859  it sparked more                  questions than answers,         207 00:09:19,859 --> 00:09:22,495  leading some to believe           its final destination          208 00:09:22,495 --> 00:09:24,530    was far from southern soil,   209 00:09:24,530 --> 00:09:26,599  in an unexpected place.         210 00:09:27,466 --> 00:09:29,435  Alison Leonard: Some believe a   portion of the Confederate gold 211 00:09:29,435 --> 00:09:30,970  made its way north to Michigan. 212 00:09:31,938 --> 00:09:33,673  Adam Bunch: During his retreat, 213 00:09:33,673 --> 00:09:36,442   Davis's group is said           to have had six wagons          214 00:09:36,442 --> 00:09:39,312 loaded with gold                   and other valuables.           215 00:09:39,312 --> 00:09:43,616  But when he was captured, those   wagons seem to have vanished.  216 00:09:43,616 --> 00:09:47,620   So one theory speculates that  maybe it could have been         217 00:09:47,620 --> 00:09:51,257  hidden nearby, and then         redirected north.                218 00:09:52,892 --> 00:09:54,760 Anthea Nardi: Four years          after Davis's capture,          219 00:09:54,760 --> 00:09:56,429   two railroads were completed.  220 00:09:56,429 --> 00:09:59,999    One in Georgia and another      connecting Muskegon, Michigan  221 00:09:59,999 --> 00:10:01,434 to Lake Michigan.                222 00:10:01,968 --> 00:10:04,437   This expanding network would     have made it possible          223 00:10:04,437 --> 00:10:06,405    to transport concealed gold   224 00:10:06,405 --> 00:10:08,541  without raising                    too much suspicion.           225 00:10:11,243 --> 00:10:13,646    Narrator: The mystery took      an even stranger turn          226 00:10:13,646 --> 00:10:16,215   many years later when            a deathbed confession          227 00:10:16,215 --> 00:10:20,252    linked the Confederate gold     directly to Muskegon.          228 00:10:21,621 --> 00:10:23,956   James Ellis: In 1921, George   Alexander Abbott,                229 00:10:23,956 --> 00:10:26,092 Vice President of                 Hackley National Bank,          230 00:10:26,092 --> 00:10:28,894 made a startling                  claim on his deathbed.          231 00:10:28,894 --> 00:10:32,298 He confessed to stealing           part of the Confederate gold   232 00:10:32,298 --> 00:10:34,133    and hiding it in a boxcar,    233 00:10:34,133 --> 00:10:36,636 which was ferried                  across Lake Michigan.          234 00:10:38,771 --> 00:10:39,772  Alison Leonard:                   According to Abbott,           235 00:10:39,772 --> 00:10:41,974  a violent storm struck            during the crossing,           236 00:10:41,974 --> 00:10:43,576    and the boxcar was            pushed overboard,                237 00:10:43,576 --> 00:10:45,177  sending the gold into the lake. 238 00:10:46,746 --> 00:10:49,081   If true, millions in             Confederate treasure           239 00:10:49,081 --> 00:10:50,783  could still lie                  beneath Lake Michigan.          240 00:10:53,552 --> 00:10:55,388    Narrator: But the Michigan       theory doesn't rest           241 00:10:55,388 --> 00:10:57,089  solely on Abbott's confession.  242 00:10:58,357 --> 00:11:02,361  Adam Bunch: Abbott's uncle was   Brigadier General Robert Minty, 243 00:11:02,361 --> 00:11:04,864    a celebrated Union            cavalry officer,                 244 00:11:04,864 --> 00:11:07,400    whose unit captured Davis.    245 00:11:07,400 --> 00:11:11,504  So, some treasure hunters have   turned their attention to him,  246 00:11:11,504 --> 00:11:14,974  while pointing to the fact the     president of Abbott's bank,   247 00:11:14,974 --> 00:11:18,210   lumber baron Charles Hackley,     saw his wealth grow           248 00:11:18,210 --> 00:11:21,614   right around the same           time Davis was caught.          249 00:11:23,115 --> 00:11:24,950    Anthea Nardi: Even            Muskegon's Hackley Park,         250 00:11:24,950 --> 00:11:29,021 dedicated to Civil War veterans,   holds interesting symbolism.   251 00:11:29,021 --> 00:11:31,791 Its layout, with diagonal          and curved sidewalks,          252 00:11:31,791 --> 00:11:34,026   resembles the                  Confederate battle flag,         253 00:11:34,026 --> 00:11:35,895   and in the centre of the park  254 00:11:35,895 --> 00:11:37,963 there's a statue                   of a cavalry soldier           255 00:11:37,963 --> 00:11:40,700   that bears a striking            resemblance to Robert Minty.   256 00:11:41,333 --> 00:11:44,637  Could this be a veiled tribute    to a hidden source of wealth?  257 00:11:49,942 --> 00:11:51,944 Narrator: The Confederate        treasury's disappearance         258 00:11:51,944 --> 00:11:54,246 is a tangle of fragmented         truths,                         259 00:11:54,246 --> 00:11:58,651   lost records,                  and enduring speculation.        260 00:12:00,119 --> 00:12:01,921 Alison Leonard: Jefferson         Davis spent his post-war years  261 00:12:01,921 --> 00:12:03,989   defending the                    Confederacy's ideals,          262 00:12:03,989 --> 00:12:07,126 crafting a narrative that           glorified its "lost cause."   263 00:12:09,729 --> 00:12:11,030 Narrator: The Confederate         treasury's fate                 264 00:12:11,030 --> 00:12:13,766    may never be known,            but its legacy endures          265 00:12:13,766 --> 00:12:15,935 as a stark symbol of a rebellion 266 00:12:15,935 --> 00:12:18,938   built on exploitation           and oppression,                 267 00:12:18,938 --> 00:12:21,607 a reminder of the                 chaos and consequences          268 00:12:21,607 --> 00:12:25,578    of a war fought to preserve   an unjust cause.                 269 00:12:25,578 --> 00:12:31,183    ♪♪                            270 00:12:35,454 --> 00:12:35,654    ♪♪                            271 00:12:35,654 --> 00:12:45,097    ♪♪                            272 00:12:45,097 --> 00:12:46,432  Narrator: In the 16th century,  273 00:12:46,432 --> 00:12:49,769   the Tsar of all the Russias,      Ivan the Terrible,            274 00:12:49,769 --> 00:12:52,171    had come to possess           an astounding collection         275 00:12:52,171 --> 00:12:54,774 of ancient books,                   holding powerful knowledge    276 00:12:54,774 --> 00:12:57,076 from past civilizations.         277 00:12:59,211 --> 00:13:01,280 Throughout Ivan's                 fearsome reign,                 278 00:13:01,280 --> 00:13:04,717    he kept the location of his      stockpile of books a secret   279 00:13:04,717 --> 00:13:07,186  from those around him,          and when he died,                280 00:13:07,186 --> 00:13:10,122    his library seemed            to die with him.                 281 00:13:14,093 --> 00:13:16,695   James Ellis: The library had     originated in Constantinople,  282 00:13:16,695 --> 00:13:18,664 now Istanbul, in Turkey,         283 00:13:18,664 --> 00:13:22,101  which had been a hub of culture    and learning for centuries.   284 00:13:22,101 --> 00:13:25,905    After the city fell             to the Turks in 1453,          285 00:13:25,905 --> 00:13:27,606   the Pope arranged a marriage   286 00:13:27,606 --> 00:13:30,075 between Constantinople's         Princess Sophia,                 287 00:13:30,075 --> 00:13:32,111   and Russia's Ivan the Great,   288 00:13:32,111 --> 00:13:34,914 who would become Ivan the         Terrible's grandfather.         289 00:13:36,148 --> 00:13:37,249  Alison Leonard: Sophia           was sent off to Moscow,         290 00:13:37,249 --> 00:13:40,052   along with a dowry of            over 800 gold-bound,           291 00:13:40,052 --> 00:13:42,321   jewel encrusted books            and scrolls,                   292 00:13:42,321 --> 00:13:44,757  the bulk of what had been saved   from Constantinople's library  293 00:13:44,757 --> 00:13:46,826  before the Turks ransacked it.  294 00:13:46,826 --> 00:13:48,727    The collection is believed    to have included                 295 00:13:48,727 --> 00:13:51,697   Greek, Latin, Hebrew,             and Egyptian texts,           296 00:13:51,697 --> 00:13:53,933   and even 2nd century           texts from China!                297 00:13:55,868 --> 00:13:57,603 James Ellis: This library           was carefully kept            298 00:13:57,603 --> 00:13:59,104  by Ivan's grandfather,          299 00:13:59,104 --> 00:14:01,340  and handed down                 to Ivan's father,                300 00:14:01,340 --> 00:14:03,108 and ultimately, to Ivan.         301 00:14:04,310 --> 00:14:06,445  Over the years,                   historians of the day          302 00:14:06,445 --> 00:14:09,915   recounted having glimpsed the  awe-inspiring collection,        303 00:14:09,915 --> 00:14:11,784 and based on their descriptions, 304 00:14:11,784 --> 00:14:14,320  if it were found today,          it might triple                 305 00:14:14,320 --> 00:14:17,323 what we know about ancient Greek   and Roman literature, alone.   306 00:14:21,193 --> 00:14:24,830  Amma Agbedor: Ivan the Terrible  was also a collector of books.  307 00:14:24,830 --> 00:14:27,766   So after the library           passed on to him,                308 00:14:27,766 --> 00:14:30,069    he's said to have grown it      even larger.                   309 00:14:30,069 --> 00:14:33,873   What we don't know, is where      he kept it hidden,            310 00:14:33,873 --> 00:14:37,076   and what became of it          after his death.                 311 00:14:37,076 --> 00:14:42,348   So where is Ivan the           Terrible's lost library?         312 00:14:48,587 --> 00:14:51,090    Narrator: It could be said       that Ivan the Terrible was    313 00:14:51,090 --> 00:14:54,293  a product of his time,           and certainly, his upbringing.  314 00:14:56,328 --> 00:14:58,030   James Ellis: Despite           being born into royalty,         315 00:14:58,030 --> 00:15:00,266  Ivan had a wretched childhood.  316 00:15:00,266 --> 00:15:02,434    When he was three,            his father died,                 317 00:15:02,434 --> 00:15:05,070    and his mother took              the reins as ruler;           318 00:15:05,070 --> 00:15:08,007  she was very active politically    and diplomatically.           319 00:15:08,007 --> 00:15:11,410   But when Ivan was 8,             she died too.                  320 00:15:11,410 --> 00:15:15,047   Many believe she was poisoned   by power-hungry members         321 00:15:15,047 --> 00:15:18,384  of the Russian nobility who had    access to the royal court.    322 00:15:20,019 --> 00:15:21,520   Alison Leonard: To the adults  around him, the orphaned,        323 00:15:21,520 --> 00:15:24,523  8-year-old Ivan was now           just a valuable chess piece;   324 00:15:24,523 --> 00:15:26,992  whoever controlled him             controlled Russia.            325 00:15:26,992 --> 00:15:29,295 So as the nobles battled           over control of Ivan,          326 00:15:29,295 --> 00:15:31,964 he was abused, neglected,        and manipulated.                 327 00:15:31,964 --> 00:15:33,832  At his age, he                    couldn't fight back,           328 00:15:33,832 --> 00:15:36,235    so instead he took               revenge on animals,           329 00:15:36,235 --> 00:15:38,470   torturing birds, and            throwing dogs and cats          330 00:15:38,470 --> 00:15:39,538    out of the palace windows.    331 00:15:43,208 --> 00:15:44,610   Amma Agbedor:                    When Ivan was a teen,          332 00:15:44,610 --> 00:15:46,512   he finally asserted himself.   333 00:15:46,512 --> 00:15:49,782    At a feast one day,           he accused Prince Andrei,        334 00:15:49,782 --> 00:15:52,151 the most powerful                  member of the family,          335 00:15:52,151 --> 00:15:55,521    that had probably murdered     Ivan's mother,                  336 00:15:55,521 --> 00:15:58,157    of mismanaging the country.   337 00:15:58,157 --> 00:16:02,661    He had Andrei arrested and    either torn apart by dogs        338 00:16:02,661 --> 00:16:05,364  or beaten to death, maybe both. 339 00:16:07,299 --> 00:16:08,968  Alison Leonard:                  The day Ivan turned 16,         340 00:16:08,968 --> 00:16:10,769  full power was                     transferred to him.           341 00:16:10,769 --> 00:16:14,239 And just a couple of weeks later  he married Anastasia Romanova.  342 00:16:14,907 --> 00:16:17,209 By all accounts,                   Ivan loved Anastasia,          343 00:16:17,209 --> 00:16:19,244 and her gentle character            was a moderating influence    344 00:16:19,244 --> 00:16:21,180    on his sadistic tendencies.   345 00:16:26,085 --> 00:16:29,188 Narrator: 13 years later,         Anastasia died                  346 00:16:29,188 --> 00:16:33,025   and Ivan was convinced she'd     been poisoned by his enemies.  347 00:16:34,159 --> 00:16:36,996  In response, he ordered          interrogations,                 348 00:16:36,996 --> 00:16:40,332 tortures, and executions            among the nobility.           349 00:16:42,334 --> 00:16:44,203 James Ellis: Ivan created         the Oprichniki,                 350 00:16:44,203 --> 00:16:46,372  a legion of bodyguards            and enforcers                  351 00:16:46,372 --> 00:16:49,108  who lived with him like           monks in a monastery.          352 00:16:49,675 --> 00:16:52,511   But even though they             lived and dressed like monks,  353 00:16:52,511 --> 00:16:55,714  they rounded up actual          priests and monks                354 00:16:55,714 --> 00:16:57,349  and beat them to death.         355 00:16:57,349 --> 00:16:59,918   Prominent merchants,             officials, and nobles          356 00:16:59,918 --> 00:17:01,620 were tortured and killed         357 00:17:01,620 --> 00:17:04,490  and their families were thrown  into the river to drown.         358 00:17:06,492 --> 00:17:08,994   Amma Agbedor: No one who was     a perceived enemy of Ivan's,   359 00:17:08,994 --> 00:17:11,730  or of the Oprichniki, was safe. 360 00:17:11,730 --> 00:17:16,168   Anyone deemed an enemy might   be boiled alive; impaled;        361 00:17:16,168 --> 00:17:19,138    roasted to death over fire;   362 00:17:19,138 --> 00:17:22,207    even torn apart by horses.    363 00:17:23,509 --> 00:17:26,612   Thousands were killed cruelly    and indiscriminately.          364 00:17:29,448 --> 00:17:31,150 James Ellis: It's hard to          imagine that someone           365 00:17:31,150 --> 00:17:33,919 with such an appetite for          cruelty and suffering          366 00:17:33,919 --> 00:17:35,554   would have any use for books   367 00:17:35,554 --> 00:17:38,123   that spread knowledge          and encourage reflection.        368 00:17:38,123 --> 00:17:40,392 But apparently, Ivan did.        369 00:17:40,392 --> 00:17:43,028  He cared enough to hold         onto the library,                370 00:17:43,028 --> 00:17:45,164    and to keep it from others.   371 00:17:47,633 --> 00:17:49,735   Narrator: In an ironic twist,    some believe                   372 00:17:49,735 --> 00:17:53,806  that the same places that might  drive a human mind to despair,  373 00:17:53,806 --> 00:17:55,340  could have been                    the best locations            374 00:17:55,340 --> 00:17:58,510    to hide a priceless           compilation of knowledge.        375 00:18:00,179 --> 00:18:01,447   Alison Leonard: Ivan may have     stored the library            376 00:18:01,447 --> 00:18:03,115   in the many corridors            and chambers                   377 00:18:03,115 --> 00:18:05,317 he liked to imprison and          torture his enemies in,         378 00:18:05,317 --> 00:18:07,019   right under Moscow's Kremlin.  379 00:18:07,553 --> 00:18:09,088  It would have been the             safest place for the books    380 00:18:09,088 --> 00:18:10,389    against the threat of fire,   381 00:18:10,389 --> 00:18:12,357  which was fairly common         in Moscow in those days.         382 00:18:15,360 --> 00:18:18,263   Amma Agbedor: The Kremlin was   originally built as a fortress, 383 00:18:18,263 --> 00:18:20,799  and it had underground          secret passages,                 384 00:18:20,799 --> 00:18:25,437   water tunnels with concealed    intakes, and dungeons.          385 00:18:25,437 --> 00:18:29,208    Successive rulers sometimes     added fortification features,  386 00:18:29,208 --> 00:18:31,376  so by Ivan the Terrible's time, 387 00:18:31,376 --> 00:18:33,378    it was already a labyrinth.   388 00:18:35,314 --> 00:18:36,882   Alison Leonard: In the early   part of the 20th century,        389 00:18:36,882 --> 00:18:40,185  an archaeologist used old maps     and diagrams of the Kremlin   390 00:18:40,185 --> 00:18:42,754  to speculate where Ivan          might have hidden his library.  391 00:18:42,754 --> 00:18:45,891 He found an ancient gate,        untouched for centuries,         392 00:18:45,891 --> 00:18:48,093  but in his excavations             soon after,                   393 00:18:48,093 --> 00:18:50,095  he broke through to an          underground river                394 00:18:50,095 --> 00:18:51,864  that threatened                   to flood everything,           395 00:18:51,864 --> 00:18:53,298  so the search was put on hold.  396 00:18:55,167 --> 00:18:56,869 James Ellis: Ultimately,           he failed to turn up           397 00:18:56,869 --> 00:18:59,304   any evidence                     of the lost library.           398 00:18:59,304 --> 00:19:02,241    That said, he had only been    able to search beneath          399 00:19:02,241 --> 00:19:04,009 a small fraction                 of the more than                 400 00:19:04,009 --> 00:19:06,345   3,000,000 square feet           of the Kremlin.                 401 00:19:10,749 --> 00:19:13,285    Narrator: According to some      experts, the archaeologist    402 00:19:13,285 --> 00:19:15,420  may have dedicated the           better part of his life         403 00:19:15,420 --> 00:19:18,457  to searching under the           wrong royal residence.          404 00:19:20,592 --> 00:19:22,594   Amma Agbedor: Ivan's library      may still be hidden           405 00:19:22,594 --> 00:19:26,398 somewhere about 70 miles            northeast of Moscow           406 00:19:26,398 --> 00:19:28,967    in the town of Alexandrov,    407 00:19:28,967 --> 00:19:31,770  under Alexandrovskaya Sloboda,  408 00:19:31,770 --> 00:19:35,908 Ivan's base of operations           for about seventeen           409 00:19:35,908 --> 00:19:38,410   of the darkest years             of his reign.                  410 00:19:40,712 --> 00:19:42,614  Alison Leonard: Alexandrovskaya   Sloboda is one of the oldest   411 00:19:42,614 --> 00:19:45,250  known rural residences           for Muscovite royalty.          412 00:19:45,250 --> 00:19:48,253 So, like the Kremlin, its design  included storage rooms,         413 00:19:48,253 --> 00:19:51,623 secret passage ways, and          fortified underground chambers, 414 00:19:51,623 --> 00:19:54,092 which may have been used to hold    and interrogate prisoners.    415 00:19:54,593 --> 00:19:57,930  Ivan moved his base of          operations there in 1564,        416 00:19:57,930 --> 00:19:59,364   soon after his wife's death,   417 00:19:59,364 --> 00:20:01,800  and that's where he lived with    his thousands of Oprichniki.   418 00:20:04,269 --> 00:20:06,572   James Ellis: When Ivan moved   his court to Alexandrov,         419 00:20:06,572 --> 00:20:09,741 he made no indications of         ever wanting to return.         420 00:20:09,741 --> 00:20:12,244    He went with 4,000 sleighs    421 00:20:12,244 --> 00:20:14,246 that carried his                   personal belongings.           422 00:20:14,246 --> 00:20:16,848 So it would be surprising        if his cherished library         423 00:20:16,848 --> 00:20:17,816   didn't accompany him.          424 00:20:20,085 --> 00:20:24,289   Amma Agbedor: Ivan did end up   moving back to Moscow in 1581,  425 00:20:24,289 --> 00:20:27,526  but searches of                  Alexandrovskaya Sloboda         426 00:20:27,526 --> 00:20:30,963  have yielded no                   trace of the library.          427 00:20:30,963 --> 00:20:34,900 And there's also no record of it    making the return journey.    428 00:20:34,900 --> 00:20:38,604   So, either it's still          somewhere in Alexandrov,         429 00:20:38,604 --> 00:20:42,407  or it was never brought         there in the first place.        430 00:20:45,477 --> 00:20:47,446   Narrator: It's been suggested   that one reason                 431 00:20:47,446 --> 00:20:49,848    Ivan might not have brought     his library with him           432 00:20:49,848 --> 00:20:51,783    to Alexandrovskaya Sloboda,   433 00:20:51,783 --> 00:20:54,453 is that it was long gone         from the Kremlin by then.        434 00:20:56,321 --> 00:20:57,623 Alison Leonard: The books           from Constantinople           435 00:20:57,623 --> 00:21:00,459    could have burned to ashes     during the Moscow fire of 1547. 436 00:21:00,459 --> 00:21:03,128 In the mid-16th century,         Moscow was densely built,        437 00:21:03,128 --> 00:21:04,863  and most of its                  structures were wooden.         438 00:21:04,863 --> 00:21:08,267   Fires were frequent,             but this one was exceptional.  439 00:21:08,267 --> 00:21:12,371    ♪♪                             (fire roaring)                  440 00:21:12,371 --> 00:21:15,073  Amma Agbedor: The fire            broke out during a windstorm   441 00:21:15,073 --> 00:21:17,576    and the high winds               fanned the flames.            442 00:21:17,576 --> 00:21:20,412   Powerful blasts from            stockpiles of gunpowder         443 00:21:20,412 --> 00:21:24,216 that were being kept in the city    only added to the inferno.    444 00:21:24,216 --> 00:21:27,886   A third of Moscow's buildings   were destroyed                  445 00:21:27,886 --> 00:21:29,721   and thousands of people died.  446 00:21:31,923 --> 00:21:33,759 James Ellis: As for the Kremlin, the Tsar's rooms,                447 00:21:33,759 --> 00:21:36,728  the treasury, ancient scrolls,  precious swords,                 448 00:21:36,728 --> 00:21:39,898  and all kinds of other             treasures were obliterated.   449 00:21:39,898 --> 00:21:43,035 So if Ivan's library was          anywhere above ground,          450 00:21:43,035 --> 00:21:45,671   it could have been destroyed     like everything else.          451 00:21:49,007 --> 00:21:50,876  Alison Leonard: It's certainly  possible that the library        452 00:21:50,876 --> 00:21:52,210   perished in the fire.          453 00:21:52,210 --> 00:21:54,146  But there's no mention           in any records of Ivan          454 00:21:54,146 --> 00:21:55,914   suffering such a great loss.   455 00:21:55,914 --> 00:21:58,183  So, while it's hard to            disprove that theory,          456 00:21:58,183 --> 00:21:59,551  there isn't any                 existing evidence                457 00:21:59,551 --> 00:22:01,019 that supports it, either.        458 00:22:03,655 --> 00:22:07,392 Narrator: Ivan the Terrible, the  first Tsar of all the Russias,  459 00:22:07,392 --> 00:22:11,363 took the truth about his          precious library to his grave.  460 00:22:13,565 --> 00:22:14,866 James Ellis: About three          years after moving back         461 00:22:14,866 --> 00:22:17,436  to the Kremlin,                  Ivan suffered a stroke          462 00:22:17,436 --> 00:22:19,438  and died while playing          a game of chess.                 463 00:22:20,472 --> 00:22:22,774 His library was lost to history, 464 00:22:22,774 --> 00:22:24,609    and as he'd killed            his son and heir,                465 00:22:24,609 --> 00:22:27,079  his family line didn't          long outlive him.                466 00:22:31,416 --> 00:22:32,684  Alison Leonard: There are still plenty of places                 467 00:22:32,684 --> 00:22:35,687 Ivan's library might be -           the town of Sergiyev Posad,   468 00:22:35,687 --> 00:22:38,824    the settlement of Dyakovo,    along the Moscow River...        469 00:22:38,824 --> 00:22:41,727  or even the unexplored passages   beneath the Kremlin.           470 00:22:42,327 --> 00:22:43,829  But who knows?                  471 00:22:45,964 --> 00:22:48,633 Narrator: If the library           Ivan the Terrible kept hidden  472 00:22:48,633 --> 00:22:51,603    and protected all his life     is ever found,                  473 00:22:51,603 --> 00:22:53,972    it will be the only            positive legacy                 474 00:22:53,972 --> 00:22:56,541  of his cruel and unhappy life.  475 00:22:56,541 --> 00:22:58,777  A gift of poetry and knowledge, 476 00:22:58,777 --> 00:23:01,380  preserved by a                     twisted sociopath,            477 00:23:01,380 --> 00:23:04,116   returned to benefit humanity.  478 00:23:04,116 --> 00:23:09,821    ♪♪                            479 00:23:11,757 --> 00:23:11,890    ♪♪                            480 00:23:11,890 --> 00:23:20,966    ♪♪                            481 00:23:20,966 --> 00:23:22,667  Narrator: In July 1907,         482 00:23:22,667 --> 00:23:25,270    a shadow fell over             Dublin Castle,                  483 00:23:25,270 --> 00:23:27,639    the seat of British           power in Ireland.                484 00:23:29,441 --> 00:23:32,811   Arthur Vicars, the dedicated     Ulster King of Arms,           485 00:23:32,811 --> 00:23:36,314   was the man trusted to guard     Ireland's most prized symbols  486 00:23:36,314 --> 00:23:39,518 of British power,                 the illustrious regalia         487 00:23:39,518 --> 00:23:41,653   of the Order of St. Patrick,   488 00:23:41,653 --> 00:23:45,490  famously known                     as the Irish Crown Jewels.    489 00:23:46,892 --> 00:23:49,728    But suddenly, this              trust was shattered.           490 00:23:53,031 --> 00:23:55,767  Alison Leonard: The Irish Crown  Jewels, crafted in 1831         491 00:23:55,767 --> 00:23:59,171 from 394 precious stones,         including diamonds and emeralds 492 00:23:59,171 --> 00:24:00,405  from Queen Charlotte's             collection,                   493 00:24:00,405 --> 00:24:02,340    were more than just              displays of wealth.           494 00:24:02,340 --> 00:24:04,709   They embodied British            authority in Ireland,          495 00:24:04,709 --> 00:24:07,646 underscoring the Crown's         dominance with rare gems,        496 00:24:07,646 --> 00:24:10,015  such as a rose diamond           gifted by the Sultan of Turkey, 497 00:24:10,015 --> 00:24:12,417    and jewels from the              Mughal Emperor, Shah Alam.    498 00:24:14,920 --> 00:24:16,521   James Ellis:                      Security at Bedford Tower,    499 00:24:16,521 --> 00:24:17,789   where the jewels were housed,  500 00:24:17,789 --> 00:24:20,025 was thought to be                   nearly impregnable.           501 00:24:20,025 --> 00:24:22,761    Arthur Vicars held              two keys to the safe,          502 00:24:22,761 --> 00:24:26,765  one he kept on a chain,           and the other hidden at home.  503 00:24:26,765 --> 00:24:29,935   Meanwhile, seven other staff   members held keys                504 00:24:29,935 --> 00:24:31,503  to the Office of Arms.          505 00:24:31,503 --> 00:24:34,606 But in the months                leading up to July 1907,         506 00:24:34,606 --> 00:24:37,943  repeated warnings about            lax security were ignored.    507 00:24:40,912 --> 00:24:42,214 Anthea Nardi: The jewels,           worth an estimated            508 00:24:42,214 --> 00:24:44,649  $5.5 million US dollars today,  509 00:24:44,649 --> 00:24:47,752 were last seen on June 11, 1907. 510 00:24:47,752 --> 00:24:50,755    On July 6, the very morning     they were to be used           511 00:24:50,755 --> 00:24:53,091  in a knighting ceremony            for Lord Castletown           512 00:24:53,091 --> 00:24:55,060  during King Edward VII's visit. 513 00:24:55,060 --> 00:24:58,330   Vicars' staff discovered the      safe had been tampered with   514 00:24:58,330 --> 00:24:59,831 and the jewels were gone.        515 00:25:03,101 --> 00:25:05,470 So how did someone breach         such a secure location          516 00:25:05,470 --> 00:25:06,905 without leaving a trace,         517 00:25:06,905 --> 00:25:09,040   and where did                    the crown jewels go?           518 00:25:11,510 --> 00:25:13,078 Narrator:                         The Irish Crown Jewels,         519 00:25:13,078 --> 00:25:17,482   comprising a jewel-encrusted   star, badge, and collars,        520 00:25:17,482 --> 00:25:20,585    held significant historical     and political value.           521 00:25:21,786 --> 00:25:25,023 Their placement in Dublin Castle    set the stage for a scandal   522 00:25:25,023 --> 00:25:27,726    that would unravel              Arthur Vicars' life.           523 00:25:31,930 --> 00:25:33,665    Adam Bunch: Originally, the   jewels were often stored         524 00:25:33,665 --> 00:25:35,901   at the West and Son Jewelers,  525 00:25:35,901 --> 00:25:37,903    who were known for              their tight security.          526 00:25:37,903 --> 00:25:40,872  So when they were moved         to Dublin Castle in 1903,        527 00:25:40,872 --> 00:25:43,608 security actually                became more lax,                 528 00:25:43,608 --> 00:25:46,678    with more points of access    and much less oversight.         529 00:25:48,747 --> 00:25:50,515    Alison Leonard: Vicars had      proposed securing the jewels   530 00:25:50,515 --> 00:25:52,083  in a newly constructed             strongroom                    531 00:25:52,083 --> 00:25:53,585   within Bedford Tower.          532 00:25:53,585 --> 00:25:55,353   But a miscalculation              prevented the safe            533 00:25:55,353 --> 00:25:56,855   from fitting through             the doorway,                   534 00:25:56,855 --> 00:25:59,558  so it was placed in the          library outside the strongroom, 535 00:25:59,558 --> 00:26:01,226    a waiting room with             multiple entry points          536 00:26:01,226 --> 00:26:02,694 and visible to passing visitors. 537 00:26:05,063 --> 00:26:07,465   James Ellis: In 1905,           Vicars himself drafted          538 00:26:07,465 --> 00:26:09,467   new office statutes requiring  539 00:26:09,467 --> 00:26:11,636  that the jewels be kept         in a strongroom.                 540 00:26:11,636 --> 00:26:13,872  But despite his                    meticulous nature,            541 00:26:13,872 --> 00:26:16,841 he never followed through           on relocating them.           542 00:26:16,841 --> 00:26:20,812   This oversight, combined with     the steady flow of visitors   543 00:26:20,812 --> 00:26:23,682  and Vicars' occasional            mishandling of keys,           544 00:26:23,682 --> 00:26:26,918 created the perfect storm         for a security breach.          545 00:26:28,787 --> 00:26:30,422    Anthea Nardi: Vicars had a     reputation for casually         546 00:26:30,422 --> 00:26:32,157  showing off the                   regalia to visitors,           547 00:26:32,157 --> 00:26:34,926  a habit that had raised            security concerns.            548 00:26:35,894 --> 00:26:38,196   By late June, he had already    misplaced a key                 549 00:26:38,196 --> 00:26:41,666   and was relying more heavily     on staff and security guards,  550 00:26:41,666 --> 00:26:44,469    who noticed lapses              like unlocked doors,           551 00:26:44,469 --> 00:26:46,771 all red flags that went ignored. 552 00:26:48,306 --> 00:26:52,143 Narrator: Whispers of negligence  grew into murmurs of suspicion, 553 00:26:52,143 --> 00:26:55,747    hinting that the theft was    more than just oversight.        554 00:26:56,781 --> 00:26:59,551  Adam Bunch: The Office of Arms     was fertile ground            555 00:26:59,551 --> 00:27:01,419    for an inside job.            556 00:27:01,419 --> 00:27:03,321  Vicars was responsible           for the jewels,                 557 00:27:03,321 --> 00:27:05,757  but was negligent in his duty.  558 00:27:05,757 --> 00:27:09,494    He let his staff and others     have easy access to the keys,  559 00:27:09,494 --> 00:27:12,464   and oversaw a culture           of complacency.                 560 00:27:12,464 --> 00:27:15,000   He even threw parties           in the library.                 561 00:27:15,000 --> 00:27:18,737  Suspicion soon extended           to his inner circle,           562 00:27:18,737 --> 00:27:21,539   including Francis Shackleton,  563 00:27:21,539 --> 00:27:23,675   who knew the castle's layout,   inside and out.                 564 00:27:25,777 --> 00:27:27,078  Alison Leonard: Francis            Shackleton, the brother of    565 00:27:27,078 --> 00:27:29,414 famous Antarctic explorer           Ernest Shackleton,            566 00:27:29,414 --> 00:27:30,915   was a man of contradictions.   567 00:27:30,915 --> 00:27:32,751 On the surface, he moved           effortlessly through           568 00:27:32,751 --> 00:27:34,486 elite circles in                    Dublin and London,            569 00:27:34,486 --> 00:27:37,922  even holding a prestigious post    as Dublin's herald of arms.   570 00:27:37,922 --> 00:27:40,225  But beneath his charm,            Shackleton struggled           571 00:27:40,225 --> 00:27:42,560   with escalating debts           and a lavish lifestyle          572 00:27:42,560 --> 00:27:43,795  he could barely afford.         573 00:27:45,664 --> 00:27:47,332  James Ellis: Shackleton           was close to Vicars,           574 00:27:47,332 --> 00:27:50,669    sharing lodgings with him,      which granted him easy access  575 00:27:50,669 --> 00:27:54,739    to both the Office of Arms    and the keys to the safe.        576 00:27:54,739 --> 00:27:57,108 And for those who knew of         his financial problems,         577 00:27:57,108 --> 00:28:00,245    the idea that he might have     orchestrated a theft           578 00:28:00,245 --> 00:28:03,214 out of necessity,                seemed all too plausible.        579 00:28:05,216 --> 00:28:08,186   Narrator: Shackleton's circle     included even more complex    580 00:28:08,186 --> 00:28:11,189  and enigmatic figures,          whose own troubled pasts         581 00:28:11,189 --> 00:28:14,192    and audacious personalities   would only deepen                582 00:28:14,192 --> 00:28:15,960 the mystery of the heist.        583 00:28:17,996 --> 00:28:19,631   Anthea Nardi: One of            Shackleton's closest associates 584 00:28:19,631 --> 00:28:21,232    was Captain Richard Gorges,   585 00:28:21,232 --> 00:28:24,369    a military officer             with a bad reputation.          586 00:28:25,070 --> 00:28:27,839   He too was intimately            familiar with Dublin Castle,   587 00:28:27,839 --> 00:28:30,742 and given his checkered history,  he was the kind of man          588 00:28:30,742 --> 00:28:33,044    who could play a role in a     high-stakes operation.          589 00:28:35,013 --> 00:28:37,782  Adam Bunch: One of the leading  theories is that Gorges,         590 00:28:37,782 --> 00:28:40,051   who knew the castle's            layout well,                   591 00:28:40,051 --> 00:28:43,421  and Shackleton, who might have   had access to the safe,         592 00:28:43,421 --> 00:28:45,757   teamed up on a plan together.  593 00:28:45,757 --> 00:28:48,159   Some reports claim they might   have even gotten Vicars         594 00:28:48,159 --> 00:28:52,063    drunk enough to pass out so    they could copy his key         595 00:28:52,063 --> 00:28:54,299  and slip in and out undetected. 596 00:28:56,267 --> 00:28:57,569 Alison Leonard: When the            Dublin Metropolitan Police    597 00:28:57,569 --> 00:28:59,938    investigated, they             found no forced entry,          598 00:28:59,938 --> 00:29:02,574 or any marks on the locks          that would suggest tampering.  599 00:29:03,174 --> 00:29:05,443   This could mean that the safe    had been opened with           600 00:29:05,443 --> 00:29:08,980 copied keys, with the originals,   or by professionals.           601 00:29:11,149 --> 00:29:13,418  James Ellis: Inspector             John Kane of Scotland Yard,   602 00:29:13,418 --> 00:29:14,953 who was called in                 to investigate,                 603 00:29:14,953 --> 00:29:18,723 quickly became convinced            of an internal conspiracy.    604 00:29:18,723 --> 00:29:21,192   But Kane's report was             abruptly dismissed,           605 00:29:21,192 --> 00:29:24,496  and he was mysteriously            recalled to London.           606 00:29:24,496 --> 00:29:26,598    This sparked rumors            of a cover-up,                  607 00:29:26,598 --> 00:29:30,769 suggesting that certain powerful interests had something to hide. 608 00:29:30,769 --> 00:29:33,238    But no proof that the theft    was perpetrated                 609 00:29:33,238 --> 00:29:36,841   by someone inside the castle     walls ever surfaced.           610 00:29:39,511 --> 00:29:42,580 Narrator: In a country poised on  the edge of political upheaval, 611 00:29:42,580 --> 00:29:46,317  some believed the disappearance   held a more profound,          612 00:29:46,317 --> 00:29:47,752 symbolic meaning.                613 00:29:49,254 --> 00:29:51,122    Anthea Nardi: The theft may      have been a strategic move    614 00:29:51,122 --> 00:29:53,158  to humiliate British authority, 615 00:29:53,158 --> 00:29:55,860    a bold statement signaling       the rising strength           616 00:29:55,860 --> 00:29:57,929   of Irish independence groups.  617 00:29:57,929 --> 00:30:00,999 At the time, nationalist            sentiment was intensifying,   618 00:30:00,999 --> 00:30:03,835  and an act like this would have  struck a powerful chord         619 00:30:03,835 --> 00:30:06,004 with a population calling        for independence.                620 00:30:09,207 --> 00:30:11,442  Adam Bunch: The jewels            were a famous symbol           621 00:30:11,442 --> 00:30:12,677   of the British Crown,          622 00:30:12,677 --> 00:30:16,648   so they were also an obvious     target for Irish nationalists  623 00:30:16,648 --> 00:30:18,917   who wanted to                   challenge British rule.         624 00:30:18,917 --> 00:30:21,753    Stealing them would            be an act of defiance,          625 00:30:21,753 --> 00:30:24,923   a powerfully symbolic gesture     meant to undermine            626 00:30:24,923 --> 00:30:26,891   British authority in Ireland.  627 00:30:28,293 --> 00:30:30,829   Narrator: With acts targeting  symbols of British power         628 00:30:30,829 --> 00:30:34,065 on the rise, nationalist            groups grew bolder            629 00:30:34,065 --> 00:30:36,100 in their challenge to the        Crown's dominance                630 00:30:36,100 --> 00:30:39,504    and the theft of the jewels      fit this pattern perfectly.   631 00:30:41,072 --> 00:30:42,207    Alison Leonard: Nationalist     movements were adept           632 00:30:42,207 --> 00:30:44,142   at wielding symbolism           for propaganda.                 633 00:30:44,142 --> 00:30:45,844  If they orchestrated the heist, 634 00:30:45,844 --> 00:30:47,779 it was likely not                   for monetary gain,            635 00:30:47,779 --> 00:30:49,547  but for the statement it made.  636 00:30:49,547 --> 00:30:51,583  The disappearance of the jewels played into the narrative        637 00:30:51,583 --> 00:30:55,019  of British weakness, amplifying the cause of Irish independence. 638 00:30:57,155 --> 00:31:00,191   James Ellis: This has all the   markings of a covert operation  639 00:31:00,191 --> 00:31:03,394    that prized secrecy           over recognition.                640 00:31:03,394 --> 00:31:07,098  If the heist was linked to the    Irish Independence movement,   641 00:31:07,098 --> 00:31:11,169   the jewels were likely hidden    away as a nationalist trophy,  642 00:31:11,169 --> 00:31:13,371   never intended to resurface.   643 00:31:15,440 --> 00:31:17,342 Anthea Nardi: Though this theory fueled Irish independence        644 00:31:17,342 --> 00:31:21,679  fervor, no concrete evidence or claims of responsibility         645 00:31:21,679 --> 00:31:22,847   ever emerged.                  646 00:31:23,648 --> 00:31:25,149   Narrator: For some observers,  647 00:31:25,149 --> 00:31:28,286    the silence surrounding the    heist hints at motives          648 00:31:28,286 --> 00:31:30,922  that go beyond                     political defiance.           649 00:31:32,457 --> 00:31:35,393    Adam Bunch: The jewels were   worth millions in today's money. 650 00:31:35,393 --> 00:31:38,663  So it's possible they were also    just stolen for the money,    651 00:31:38,663 --> 00:31:43,201    to be sold into the shadowy   world of European black markets, 652 00:31:43,201 --> 00:31:47,105   operating in big trading hubs     like Antwerp and Amsterdam,   653 00:31:47,105 --> 00:31:49,407 that would have been easy          to reach from Dublin.          654 00:31:51,209 --> 00:31:53,211 Alison Leonard: If broken          down into individual stones,   655 00:31:53,211 --> 00:31:55,280 it would have effectively           erased their origin           656 00:31:55,280 --> 00:31:56,581   and the jewels could             have easily vanished           657 00:31:56,581 --> 00:31:57,949  into Europe's bustling markets, 658 00:31:57,949 --> 00:31:59,884 leaving no trace of them behind. 659 00:32:02,120 --> 00:32:04,055    James Ellis: The meticulous      nature of the heist           660 00:32:04,055 --> 00:32:07,125   suggests this was no ordinary   smash-and-grab.                 661 00:32:07,125 --> 00:32:10,461   The operation bore the marks      of seasoned professionals,    662 00:32:10,461 --> 00:32:13,898   likely experienced in           handling valuable gems          663 00:32:13,898 --> 00:32:16,334  and with a knowledge of         how to sell them quietly.        664 00:32:19,771 --> 00:32:22,573    Among the suspects,             one name stands out:           665 00:32:22,573 --> 00:32:26,010 Francis Bennett-Goldney,         an antiquities enthusiast        666 00:32:26,010 --> 00:32:28,880 with deep ties to                 European jewel markets          667 00:32:28,880 --> 00:32:31,449  and a reputation for ambition.  668 00:32:32,984 --> 00:32:34,686   Anthea Nardi: Bennett-Goldney   was a political figure          669 00:32:34,686 --> 00:32:37,789  and artifact collector,           who joined the Office of Arms  670 00:32:37,789 --> 00:32:39,791   just months before the theft.  671 00:32:39,791 --> 00:32:42,260    With known ties to             European jewel markets,         672 00:32:42,260 --> 00:32:44,629    he became the prime suspect    for those who believed          673 00:32:44,629 --> 00:32:46,264 the jewels were smuggled abroad. 674 00:32:50,401 --> 00:32:52,303    Adam Bunch: Bennett-Goldney   doesn't seem to have been        675 00:32:52,303 --> 00:32:54,238 in Ireland at the                   time of the heist,            676 00:32:54,238 --> 00:32:57,041 but plenty of people have           wondered about his interest   677 00:32:57,041 --> 00:32:58,476    in rare artifacts,            678 00:32:58,476 --> 00:33:01,079    his connections to             international markets,          679 00:33:01,079 --> 00:33:04,215 and especially about the          fact that when he died,         680 00:33:04,215 --> 00:33:06,684  it turned out his house            was full of things            681 00:33:06,684 --> 00:33:08,686 he'd stolen during his lifetime, 682 00:33:08,686 --> 00:33:12,423    including famous paintings     and ancient documents.          683 00:33:15,760 --> 00:33:17,562   Alison Leonard: That fall, he    fit his car with an oversized  684 00:33:17,562 --> 00:33:20,231 gas tank for an extended            trip to Amsterdam,            685 00:33:20,231 --> 00:33:22,834    accompanied by none            other than J.P. Morgan,         686 00:33:22,834 --> 00:33:25,470   a financier with deep ties to     art and antiquities circles   687 00:33:25,470 --> 00:33:28,940  known for discreet and           sometimes shadowy acquisitions. 688 00:33:31,342 --> 00:33:34,178   James Ellis: Despite all the   circumstantial evidence,         689 00:33:34,178 --> 00:33:37,982    no clear financial trail or   witness testimony                690 00:33:37,982 --> 00:33:39,984   has ever surfaced to confirm   691 00:33:39,984 --> 00:33:41,619  that the jewels                 were sold off in Europe.         692 00:33:43,488 --> 00:33:45,623   Narrator: Although there have    been extensive investigations  693 00:33:45,623 --> 00:33:49,260 and countless theories, the fate of the Irish Crown Jewels        694 00:33:49,260 --> 00:33:52,163   remains an unsolved mystery.   695 00:33:53,765 --> 00:33:56,000  Anthea Nardi: The more we learn   about the cast of characters,  696 00:33:56,000 --> 00:33:58,870    Vicars, Shackleton,           Bennett-Goldney,                 697 00:33:58,870 --> 00:34:01,305 the more elusive                    the truth becomes.            698 00:34:01,305 --> 00:34:03,574 These weren't ordinary suspects; 699 00:34:03,574 --> 00:34:05,877    they were men with              powerful connections,          700 00:34:05,877 --> 00:34:08,312  bold ambitions,                    and, in some cases,           701 00:34:08,312 --> 00:34:10,648    motives that could               explain the disappearance.    702 00:34:13,951 --> 00:34:16,654  Adam Bunch: Vicars was           ruined by the scandal.          703 00:34:16,654 --> 00:34:19,791  Forced out of his post, but he   professed his innocence         704 00:34:19,791 --> 00:34:24,162  until his dying days, claiming  he was just a scapegoat.         705 00:34:24,162 --> 00:34:27,999    His life came to a               bloody end in 1921,           706 00:34:27,999 --> 00:34:30,301   when he was killed by the IRA  707 00:34:30,301 --> 00:34:32,637 during the Irish                   war of independence,           708 00:34:32,637 --> 00:34:36,541  a reminder of just how            intertwined his own life was   709 00:34:36,541 --> 00:34:39,177    with the political              tensions in Ireland.           710 00:34:43,314 --> 00:34:44,682  Narrator: Over a century later, 711 00:34:44,682 --> 00:34:47,785  the disappearance of the Irish   Crown Jewels continues          712 00:34:47,785 --> 00:34:51,489    to captivate historians and    regular citizens alike.         713 00:34:51,489 --> 00:34:54,392  The true story                    remains lost to time,          714 00:34:54,392 --> 00:34:57,395    buried among rumors           and the silence of those         715 00:34:57,395 --> 00:35:00,098    who knew more than               they ever revealed.           716 00:35:03,835 --> 00:35:04,102    ♪♪                            717 00:35:04,102 --> 00:35:14,946    ♪♪                            718 00:35:14,946 --> 00:35:19,117    Narrator: In late 1941, as      Japan's forces invaded China,  719 00:35:19,117 --> 00:35:21,385 America struggled                  to save and evacuate           720 00:35:21,385 --> 00:35:24,322   as many noncombatants            as possible.                   721 00:35:24,322 --> 00:35:27,525    Among the evacuees,              were dozens of individuals    722 00:35:27,525 --> 00:35:31,262   who had been dead for           roughly 500,000 years.          723 00:35:32,230 --> 00:35:35,633   The prized fossils of          Sinanthropus pekinensis,         724 00:35:35,633 --> 00:35:37,101    Peking Man.                   725 00:35:37,969 --> 00:35:39,704    ♪♪                            726 00:35:39,704 --> 00:35:41,305   Anthea Nardi: The Peking Man    fossils were discovered         727 00:35:41,305 --> 00:35:44,275    in the early 1920s near the    village of Zhoukoudian,         728 00:35:44,275 --> 00:35:46,377   30 miles southwest of Peking,  729 00:35:46,377 --> 00:35:48,646  which was what Beijing             was then known as,            730 00:35:48,646 --> 00:35:51,215   and they were believed to be    between 400,000                 731 00:35:51,215 --> 00:35:53,618  and 780,000 years old.          732 00:35:55,753 --> 00:35:57,221 This was an important discovery, 733 00:35:57,221 --> 00:36:00,458 Peking Man was identified        as a new hominid species,        734 00:36:00,458 --> 00:36:02,593 and the hope was that the          remains could provide          735 00:36:02,593 --> 00:36:05,096    new information in              the study of human ancestry.   736 00:36:06,931 --> 00:36:10,067   Adam Bunch: They seem to have     had relatively big brains,    737 00:36:10,067 --> 00:36:13,271   a cranial capacity of           about 60 cubic inches,          738 00:36:13,271 --> 00:36:15,506  some almost 80 inches,          739 00:36:15,506 --> 00:36:18,676  which is getting close            to the size of modern humans.  740 00:36:18,676 --> 00:36:21,979    And there were ash deposits     at the Zhoudoukian site too,   741 00:36:21,979 --> 00:36:23,414   that some think that           might be evidence                742 00:36:23,414 --> 00:36:25,349  that Peking Man                    could control fire.           743 00:36:28,452 --> 00:36:31,055 Amma Agbedor: The Americans knew    that the Peking Man fossils   744 00:36:31,055 --> 00:36:33,824    were of significant            scientific importance,          745 00:36:33,824 --> 00:36:37,061 so they devised a plan to        sneak them out of Peking,        746 00:36:37,061 --> 00:36:39,096   get them on a train,           747 00:36:39,096 --> 00:36:42,500   and then a transport           ship to New York,                748 00:36:42,500 --> 00:36:45,670    so they could be preserved      until the war ended.           749 00:36:46,637 --> 00:36:48,973   (war planes humming)           750 00:36:48,973 --> 00:36:51,676   A. Nardi: But then the attack     on Pearl Harbour happened.    751 00:36:51,676 --> 00:36:55,112   (war planes buzzing)           752 00:36:55,112 --> 00:37:00,551 (bombs exploding)                753 00:37:00,551 --> 00:37:03,487    Japan was on the offensive,     and American rescuers          754 00:37:03,487 --> 00:37:06,424   were now fighting to             save their own lives.          755 00:37:08,092 --> 00:37:09,527 Somewhere along the way,         756 00:37:09,527 --> 00:37:12,797  the crates containing the bones    of Peking Man disappeared.    757 00:37:12,797 --> 00:37:14,565   So where did they go?          758 00:37:16,334 --> 00:37:18,603 Adam Bunch: In November of 1941, 759 00:37:18,603 --> 00:37:21,305 some workers from "Peking         Union Medical College",         760 00:37:21,305 --> 00:37:23,107  which was owned                 by the Americans,                761 00:37:23,107 --> 00:37:25,943  carefully prepared the             skulls to be moved.           762 00:37:25,943 --> 00:37:27,044 According to one account,        763 00:37:27,044 --> 00:37:29,614 they wrapped each                  fossil in lens paper,          764 00:37:29,614 --> 00:37:32,250  soft enough to                  wipe a microscope's lens,        765 00:37:32,250 --> 00:37:34,318 then placed them in small boxes, 766 00:37:34,318 --> 00:37:38,222  and loaded them into a             pair of big wooden crates.    767 00:37:40,024 --> 00:37:41,058   Anthea Nardi:                  From the Medical College,        768 00:37:41,058 --> 00:37:43,027   the crates were to be driven     to the train station           769 00:37:43,027 --> 00:37:44,595  and loaded onto trains.         770 00:37:44,595 --> 00:37:47,732   Marines would accompany them      to the Port of Qinhuandao,    771 00:37:47,732 --> 00:37:51,068    then onto a transport ship,      the SS President Harrison,    772 00:37:51,068 --> 00:37:53,104  which would set                 sail for America.                773 00:37:53,104 --> 00:37:56,974  But somewhere in this process,  the Peking Man fossils vanished. 774 00:37:58,109 --> 00:38:01,012  Narrator: There were no          verifiable eyewitness accounts  775 00:38:01,012 --> 00:38:02,980    or official records             of the crates                  776 00:38:02,980 --> 00:38:05,383   being unloaded at Qinhuandao.  777 00:38:05,383 --> 00:38:08,252 Suspicions and conspiracy           theories were born            778 00:38:08,252 --> 00:38:10,288   that would swirl for decades.  779 00:38:11,889 --> 00:38:14,191  Adam Bunch: Some have wondered     whether the fossils           780 00:38:14,191 --> 00:38:16,360  might have been stolen           from the train.                 781 00:38:16,961 --> 00:38:19,730  Years later, Marine guards said that it had been stopped         782 00:38:19,730 --> 00:38:23,334 by Japanese soldiers who          ransacked the baggage,          783 00:38:23,334 --> 00:38:25,870 taking any valuables they found. 784 00:38:25,870 --> 00:38:28,506   And that has sparked           speculations that those soldiers 785 00:38:28,506 --> 00:38:30,641 might have taken                  the crates themselves.          786 00:38:31,909 --> 00:38:34,312  Amma Agbedor: But the thing is, these accounts are third         787 00:38:34,312 --> 00:38:37,815 or fourth-hand by now and          were never verified.           788 00:38:39,550 --> 00:38:41,752  Adam Bunch: Some people accused the United States                789 00:38:41,752 --> 00:38:44,855 of stealing them, but that would    raise even more questions,    790 00:38:44,855 --> 00:38:47,325    like why would the             Americans offer to help         791 00:38:47,325 --> 00:38:49,493    only to steal them             for themselves,                 792 00:38:49,493 --> 00:38:51,829  given that they'd have            to keep them secret?           793 00:38:51,829 --> 00:38:54,465  So they would never be able to  put them on display in a museum, 794 00:38:54,465 --> 00:38:57,501 or publish any scientific           papers about them.            795 00:38:57,501 --> 00:39:00,971  So it's not entirely clear what   they'd have to gain from it.   796 00:39:02,940 --> 00:39:05,509  Narrator: One of the few things  all parties knew with certainty 797 00:39:05,509 --> 00:39:08,546 was that after the train          arrived at Quinhuandao,         798 00:39:08,546 --> 00:39:12,516   the crates did not get loaded   onto the SS President Harrison, 799 00:39:12,516 --> 00:39:15,720    as planned, because            the ship never arrived.         800 00:39:17,321 --> 00:39:19,156 Amma Agbedor: The                Harrison had been steaming north 801 00:39:19,156 --> 00:39:22,693  from Manila with a crew of 154, 802 00:39:22,693 --> 00:39:25,930 with orders to proceed to          Quinhuandao,                   803 00:39:25,930 --> 00:39:27,698 to bring out the marines,        804 00:39:27,698 --> 00:39:29,734   and the two crates with them.  805 00:39:29,734 --> 00:39:32,570   En route, the ship's captain      was seeing                    806 00:39:32,570 --> 00:39:35,539 large numbers of                 Japanese vessels,                807 00:39:35,539 --> 00:39:38,809   but America hadn't officially  entered the war,                 808 00:39:38,809 --> 00:39:42,446  so the Harrison wasn't            in any clear danger.           809 00:39:43,180 --> 00:39:45,049  And then in the                   middle of the night,           810 00:39:45,049 --> 00:39:47,351    the captain received word,    811 00:39:47,351 --> 00:39:51,355 'Pearl Harbor had                  just been attacked.'           812 00:39:53,190 --> 00:39:56,160  Anthea Nardi: Suddenly,          America was at war with Japan,  813 00:39:56,160 --> 00:39:58,596 and at dawn, the                   Harrison was spotted.          814 00:39:58,596 --> 00:40:01,799    Japanese destroyers              approached but didn't fire.   815 00:40:01,799 --> 00:40:04,235  So it was clear to the captain  that the Japanese                816 00:40:04,235 --> 00:40:06,103  wanted to take                    the Harrison intact.           817 00:40:06,103 --> 00:40:07,905   He couldn't let that happen,   818 00:40:07,905 --> 00:40:11,475  so he ran the Harrison at full   speed for the nearest land mass 819 00:40:11,475 --> 00:40:14,345  and intentionally drove it over the island's rocky edge,         820 00:40:14,345 --> 00:40:16,480 tearing a 90-foot                gash in the hull.                821 00:40:19,817 --> 00:40:21,118 Narrator:                        Even though the Harrison         822 00:40:21,118 --> 00:40:22,686    never picked up the crates,   823 00:40:22,686 --> 00:40:25,656   some have said the search for   the Peking Man fossils          824 00:40:25,656 --> 00:40:29,660    shouldn't continue on land,      but rather under the ocean.   825 00:40:31,495 --> 00:40:34,432    Amma Agbedor: If the crates      did make it to Qinhuandao,    826 00:40:34,432 --> 00:40:37,201    they could have been loaded    onto any one of several         827 00:40:37,201 --> 00:40:38,702 Japanese transport ships,        828 00:40:38,702 --> 00:40:41,739  carrying goods                    and people to Japan.           829 00:40:42,673 --> 00:40:46,110    Several of those transports   were sunk by the allies,         830 00:40:46,110 --> 00:40:48,012   sometimes mistakenly.          831 00:40:48,012 --> 00:40:51,682    So did the fossils go down     on one of those ships?          832 00:40:54,952 --> 00:40:58,022   Adam Bunch: The wreck of one     transport ship, the Awa Maru,  833 00:40:58,022 --> 00:41:00,191  was found in the 1970s.         834 00:41:00,191 --> 00:41:03,527 There were rumors that it          carried a fortune in diamonds  835 00:41:03,527 --> 00:41:05,596   and gold and other treasures,  836 00:41:05,596 --> 00:41:08,632    so there was a huge             effort to explore it.          837 00:41:09,567 --> 00:41:11,635  In the end, they didn't            find any treasure,            838 00:41:11,635 --> 00:41:14,705 just personal effects and           some of the crew's remains.   839 00:41:15,372 --> 00:41:17,441  And there was no trace          of the two crates                840 00:41:17,441 --> 00:41:19,610   of Peking Man fossils either.  841 00:41:19,610 --> 00:41:23,013    But there are lots of other      Second World War-era wrecks   842 00:41:23,013 --> 00:41:25,616    that haven't been searched,   so it's possible                 843 00:41:25,616 --> 00:41:27,518 the crates could                    still be down there           844 00:41:27,518 --> 00:41:29,086    on the sea floor somewhere.   845 00:41:31,055 --> 00:41:33,123   Anthea Nardi: Another          possibility is that the Japanese 846 00:41:33,123 --> 00:41:35,726  loaded the crates onto             one of the transport ships    847 00:41:35,726 --> 00:41:39,096    that were not torpedoed and    successfully made it to Japan.  848 00:41:40,865 --> 00:41:42,600   But no hard evidence             has surfaced                   849 00:41:42,600 --> 00:41:44,401  that would support this theory. 850 00:41:44,401 --> 00:41:47,137 Searches by the Japanese          and Americans in Japan          851 00:41:47,137 --> 00:41:48,973   have yielded nothing.          852 00:41:48,973 --> 00:41:52,676    ♪♪                            853 00:41:55,145 --> 00:41:58,048    Narrator: In 2010, close to      seven decades after           854 00:41:58,048 --> 00:42:00,718   Peking Man's fossils              had last been seen,           855 00:42:00,718 --> 00:42:03,053  one of the most                    credible leads yet            856 00:42:03,053 --> 00:42:05,089    came from a former Marine.    857 00:42:06,857 --> 00:42:09,193   Anthea Nardi: This Marine had   been stationed at Camp Holcomb, 858 00:42:09,193 --> 00:42:11,996    in Qinhuandao, with one of     the last American units         859 00:42:11,996 --> 00:42:14,231  to be evacuated during            the civil war                  860 00:42:14,231 --> 00:42:18,602  between China's Nationalist and    Communist parties in 1947,    861 00:42:18,602 --> 00:42:20,037 about five and half years        862 00:42:20,037 --> 00:42:23,107   after the Peking Man           fossils had gone missing.        863 00:42:23,107 --> 00:42:25,409    The unit was pinned down in    heavy crossfire                 864 00:42:25,409 --> 00:42:27,511  between the two sides,          and by nightfall,                865 00:42:27,511 --> 00:42:29,747    the men had to dig            foxholes for protection.         866 00:42:32,016 --> 00:42:34,952   Amma Agbedor: While digging,    they hit a wooden box,          867 00:42:34,952 --> 00:42:38,822  which turned out to have bones     in it, and understandably,    868 00:42:38,822 --> 00:42:41,992    they were startled,             so they reburied it.           869 00:42:41,992 --> 00:42:45,596    But decades later,             the Marine told his son         870 00:42:45,596 --> 00:42:48,732   about the incident, who then    contacted a researcher          871 00:42:48,732 --> 00:42:51,769   who'd been searching              for the fossils for years,    872 00:42:51,769 --> 00:42:53,938  and relayed his father's story. 873 00:42:57,675 --> 00:42:59,777 Adam Bunch: The location          matched another account         874 00:42:59,777 --> 00:43:01,845 from two other Marines, who said 875 00:43:01,845 --> 00:43:05,049  they'd unloaded the crates from  the train at Qinhuandao         876 00:43:05,049 --> 00:43:10,054    and delivered them to Camp     Holcomb on December 4th, 1941.  877 00:43:10,054 --> 00:43:13,824 So just days before Pearl Harbor   and the United States          878 00:43:13,824 --> 00:43:15,693   officially entering the war.   879 00:43:18,629 --> 00:43:20,130   Anthea Nardi: It's plausible   that in the chaos                880 00:43:20,130 --> 00:43:23,667  of the evacuation, the officer     responsible for the fossils   881 00:43:23,667 --> 00:43:25,903   decided to bury them           in their crates,                 882 00:43:25,903 --> 00:43:29,006   as the best short-term way to    hide them from the Japanese,   883 00:43:29,006 --> 00:43:32,276   and that later nobody             who knew about the fossils    884 00:43:32,276 --> 00:43:35,312 and where they'd been buried had    survived to tell about it.    885 00:43:37,848 --> 00:43:39,617  Narrator: In November of 2010,  886 00:43:39,617 --> 00:43:42,119  following the guidance           of the retired Marine,          887 00:43:42,119 --> 00:43:44,989  university researchers          visited the site                 888 00:43:44,989 --> 00:43:48,626 where the Peking Man fossils may    have been buried and found    889 00:43:48,626 --> 00:43:51,695  that it was covered by            warehouses and a parking lot.  890 00:43:53,397 --> 00:43:56,033 Amma Agbedor: The local Cultural    Heritage Office was alerted   891 00:43:56,033 --> 00:43:58,969 and agreed to monitor any          further redevelopment          892 00:43:58,969 --> 00:44:02,706  of the area, and for any signs   of those wooden crates.         893 00:44:03,407 --> 00:44:07,378   And as of now, the mystery of  the missing Peking Man's fossils 894 00:44:07,378 --> 00:44:09,346 remains unsolved.                895 00:44:12,883 --> 00:44:15,052    Narrator: Before the bones    were put into the crates         896 00:44:15,052 --> 00:44:17,221    at the Peking Union           Medical College,                 897 00:44:17,221 --> 00:44:20,758   an employee had the foresight   to make detailed casts          898 00:44:20,758 --> 00:44:22,760   of the most important             specimens,                    899 00:44:22,760 --> 00:44:25,996    so researchers have              had those to study.           900 00:44:26,430 --> 00:44:28,632   Parts of the Zhoukoudian site  901 00:44:28,632 --> 00:44:30,834 are yet to be thoroughly            excavated,                    902 00:44:30,834 --> 00:44:34,304  so there's a chance more skulls   may be found.                  903 00:44:34,304 --> 00:44:36,640  One way or another, Peking Man  904 00:44:36,640 --> 00:44:39,376   may yet raise his head again.  905 00:44:40,544 --> 00:44:44,114    ♪♪                            108277

Can't find what you're looking for?
Get subtitles in any language from opensubtitles.com, and translate them here.