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00:00:11,041 --> 00:00:12,250
Male journalist: WHAT'S WRONG, MADAM?
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00:00:12,250 --> 00:00:15,291
WE WANT OUR CHILDREN, WE WANT
TO KNOW WHERE THEY ARE.
3
00:00:15,291 --> 00:00:18,000
MY SON WAS KIDNAPPED
15 MONTHS AGO.
4
00:00:18,000 --> 00:00:20,000
WHAT ABOUT THE STOLEN BABIES?
5
00:00:20,000 --> 00:00:24,583
WHY WON'T THEY TELL US IF
THEY'RE ALIVE OR DEAD?
6
00:00:24,583 --> 00:00:27,000
THAT'S ALL WE WANT.
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AN ANSWER, THAT'S ALL.
THEN, WE'LL LEAVE.
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00:00:32,708 --> 00:00:34,166
THEY RAIDED MY HOUSE 4 TIMES.
9
00:00:34,166 --> 00:00:35,708
THEY TOOK ME AWAY AND
TORTURED ME
10
00:00:35,708 --> 00:00:37,583
SO I WOULD TELL THEM
WHERE MY SON WAS.
11
00:00:37,583 --> 00:00:39,416
THAT'S THE ARGENTINA
WE LIVE IN.
12
00:00:39,416 --> 00:00:43,750
WE WANT THEM ALL BACK.
NOT JUST OUR OWN CHILDREN.
13
00:00:43,750 --> 00:00:45,250
HOW MANY OF YOU ARE THERE?
14
00:00:45,250 --> 00:00:47,166
THOUSANDS, THOUSANDS OF WOMEN.
15
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THOUSANDS ALL OVER THE COUNTRY.
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00:00:49,875 --> 00:00:51,583
[Dramatic music]
17
00:01:16,250 --> 00:01:18,041
[Title music "Firing Line"]
18
00:01:37,541 --> 00:01:40,833
William Buckley Jr.: HERE IN ARGENTINA THE
COUNTRY IS ENDURING GREAT PAIN.
19
00:01:40,833 --> 00:01:43,291
THREE JOURNALISTS RESIDENT IN ARGENTINA
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00:01:43,291 --> 00:01:46,916
ARE WELL EQUIPPED TO SHED LIGHT
ON THESE PROBLEMS.
21
00:01:46,916 --> 00:01:51,666
MR ROBERT COX, WHO IS THE EDITOR OF
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE DAILY
22
00:01:51,666 --> 00:01:53,666
BUENOS AIRES HERALD.
23
00:01:54,291 --> 00:01:56,500
MR COX WAS BORN IN ENGLAND,
WAS SCHOOLED THERE,
24
00:01:56,500 --> 00:01:58,416
DROPPING OUT TO DO NEWSPAPER WORK.
25
00:01:58,416 --> 00:02:03,666
HE SERVED IN THE ROYAL NAVY IN KOREA
AND IN 1959 HE CAME TO BUENOS AIRES,
26
00:02:03,666 --> 00:02:06,583
WHERE IN ADDITION TO EDITING THE PAPER,
27
00:02:06,583 --> 00:02:13,041
HE SERVES AS CORRESPONDENT FOR
THE ECONOMIST AND NEWSWEEK.
28
00:02:14,958 --> 00:02:20,583
Uki Goñi: WHEN I MET BOB, HE WAS THIS
41-YEAR-OLD GUY WITH THIS HUGE BEARD,
29
00:02:20,583 --> 00:02:24,041
FIVE KIDS, ALL SINGING BEATLES SONGS.
30
00:02:25,416 --> 00:02:27,500
AND SUDDENLY, AFTER THE DICTATORSHIP,
31
00:02:27,500 --> 00:02:29,708
BOB SHOWS UP WITHOUT A BEARD.
32
00:02:31,583 --> 00:02:34,291
HE SAID: "NO, I HAD TO SHAVE
OFF MY BEARD."
33
00:02:34,291 --> 00:02:38,791
BOB HATED GOING DIPLOMATIC COCKTAILS
AND THE WHOLE SOCIETY THING.
34
00:02:38,791 --> 00:02:43,125
AND HE SAID: "I HAVE TO GO THE EMBASSIES,
35
00:02:43,125 --> 00:02:45,500
I HAVE TO GO TO THESE COCKTAILS
I HATE GOING TO,
36
00:02:45,500 --> 00:02:47,625
BECAUSE I HAVE TO TELL PEOPLE
WHAT'S HAPPENING".
37
00:02:47,625 --> 00:02:49,625
BECAUSE BOB KNEW WHAT WAS HAPPENING.
38
00:02:50,791 --> 00:02:53,833
Buckley: THE PRINCIPAL AGENTS OF
COUNTER-TERRORIST VIOLENCE
39
00:02:53,833 --> 00:02:55,833
ARE THE POLICE, THE ARMY,
40
00:02:55,833 --> 00:02:59,333
AND A LOOSELY ORGANIZED ASSOCIATION
CALLED THE AAA.
41
00:03:00,541 --> 00:03:02,083
THE BODY COUNT IS VERY HIGH.
42
00:03:02,583 --> 00:03:04,791
AND IT SEEMS YEARS AGO
43
00:03:04,791 --> 00:03:09,541
SINCE DUE PROCESS WAS ACTUALLY USED
IN ESTABLISHING GUILT OR INNOCENCE.
44
00:03:11,833 --> 00:03:16,250
Pamela Wheaton: MY MEMORIES OF BOB,
HE WAS ALWAYS A LITTLE DISTRACTED
45
00:03:16,250 --> 00:03:19,333
BECAUSE EVERYTHING WAS ON HIS MIND.
46
00:03:22,458 --> 00:03:26,916
Andrew Graham-Yooll: YOU HAD FEAR BY
CONTAGION. THIS IS HOW FEAR WORKS.
47
00:03:26,916 --> 00:03:32,041
I THINK FEAR IS A VERY REASONABLE
FEELING TO HAVE.
48
00:03:32,041 --> 00:03:34,708
COWARDICE, NO.
49
00:03:34,708 --> 00:03:36,708
Uki: BOB WAS CONTINUALLY SWEATING.
50
00:03:36,708 --> 00:03:41,458
VERY, VERY SCARED, SHAKING.
REALLY SHAKING.
51
00:03:46,666 --> 00:03:51,375
Maud Cox: THE SECRETARY OF THE HERALD
CALLED ME AND SAID:
52
00:03:51,375 --> 00:03:55,083
STAY CALM, DON'T PANIC,
53
00:03:55,083 --> 00:03:59,583
BOB HAS JUST BEEN TAKEN.
54
00:04:00,208 --> 00:04:01,958
I WAS VERY, VERY FRIGHTENED
55
00:04:01,958 --> 00:04:05,041
BECAUSE BOB SUFFERED A LOT
FROM ASTHMA BACK THEN.
56
00:04:05,083 --> 00:04:08,416
HIS NERVOUSNESS SET IT OFF.
57
00:04:11,375 --> 00:04:15,083
SO, I WENT TO THE JUDGE'S OFFICE.
58
00:04:15,083 --> 00:04:20,166
BOB CAME PAST WITH TWO POLICEMEN.
BUT I HAD TO WAIT OUTSIDE.
59
00:04:20,166 --> 00:04:24,291
WHEN THEY CAME OUT, I ASKED:
WELL, CAN HE LEAVE NOW?
60
00:04:24,291 --> 00:04:29,083
NO, HE HAS TO SIGN HIS RELEASE FORMS
BACK AT THE POLICE STATION.
61
00:04:29,083 --> 00:04:32,416
I SAID: SO, YOU'LL LET HIM GO,
HE'LL TAKE THE BUS HOME
62
00:04:32,458 --> 00:04:34,958
AND YOU'LL MURDER HIM
ON HIS WAY HOME?
63
00:04:34,958 --> 00:04:37,041
NO, WE WON'T DO THAT.
64
00:04:37,041 --> 00:04:40,000
WE WON'T KILL HIM.
65
00:04:41,916 --> 00:04:43,791
FOR NOW.
66
00:04:44,833 --> 00:04:47,416
Female journalist: WHAT EFFECT DOES
WORKING UNDER
67
00:04:47,416 --> 00:04:50,083
THE PRECARIOUS CONDITIONS HERE
HAVE ON YOUR LIFE?
68
00:04:50,083 --> 00:04:54,708
Cox: YOU HAVE TO COME TO A DECISION
AT SOME TIME OR ANOTHER.
69
00:04:55,333 --> 00:04:57,458
YOU HAVE TO BE PREPARED FOR
WHAT MIGHT HAPPEN.
70
00:04:57,458 --> 00:04:59,375
THAT MEANS ANYTHING.
71
00:05:00,750 --> 00:05:01,583
THE POINT IS
72
00:05:02,541 --> 00:05:06,000
I'VE DISCOVERED IT NOW,
IT'S LIKE A FEAR OF FLYING.
73
00:05:06,000 --> 00:05:09,083
I WAS FRIGHTENED IN MY FIRST
FLIGHT IN AN AEROPLANE.
74
00:05:09,083 --> 00:05:11,708
I WAS FRIGHTENED IN THE SECOND,
AND IN THE THIRD.
75
00:05:11,708 --> 00:05:13,708
AFTER YOU'VE DONE IT A LOT,
YOU'RE NOT FRIGHTENED ANYMORE.
76
00:05:13,708 --> 00:05:15,708
AND THIS HAS BEEN GOING ON NOW,
SINCE 1970-1971.
77
00:05:15,708 --> 00:05:18,166
[Cox's voice fades out]
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00:05:18,166 --> 00:05:21,416
[Fighter jets flying overhead]
79
00:05:33,375 --> 00:05:39,750
[Big Ben chimes]
80
00:05:42,666 --> 00:05:45,833
[Fighter jets moving closer]
81
00:05:45,833 --> 00:05:50,416
[Big Ben chimes]
82
00:05:59,750 --> 00:06:04,375
Cox: I WAS BORN IN LONDON, EALING,
A SUBURB OF LONDON.
83
00:06:04,375 --> 00:06:09,041
MY FATHER BORN WITHIN THE
SOUND OF BOW BELLS,
84
00:06:09,041 --> 00:06:12,625
WHICH MEANT THAT HE WAS A REAL
COCKNEY, A REAL LONDONER.
85
00:06:13,541 --> 00:06:16,041
VERY FEW CHILDREN LIVED IN LONDON.
86
00:06:16,041 --> 00:06:19,583
WE HAD A WONDERFUL TIME BECAUSE WE
WERE COMPLETELY FREE.
87
00:06:22,250 --> 00:06:25,416
I WAS BORN IN 1933 WHEN HITLER
CAME TO POWER.
88
00:06:25,416 --> 00:06:29,250
AND I GUESS I LIVED UNDER THE SHADOW OF HIM
PRETTY MUCH ALL OF MY YOUTH.
89
00:06:29,250 --> 00:06:31,250
[Explosions]
90
00:06:35,666 --> 00:06:42,083
I REMEMBER SO WELL LONDON UNDER
THE BLITZ, SEEING THE SKY
91
00:06:42,083 --> 00:06:44,083
VIOLENT, RED.
92
00:06:44,083 --> 00:06:46,083
[Ambulance sirens]
93
00:06:49,875 --> 00:06:52,041
WE USED TO GO AND WE USED TO
COLLECT SHRAPNEL,
94
00:06:52,041 --> 00:06:54,041
WHICH WERE THE PIECES FROM THE BOMBS.
95
00:06:54,041 --> 00:06:56,041
WE HAD TO BE CAREFUL NOT TO PICK UP
96
00:06:56,041 --> 00:07:00,625
THE BOOBYTRAPS THAT THE
GERMANS DROPPED.
97
00:07:02,125 --> 00:07:04,541
SO I LIVED WITH ALL OF THAT ALL THE TIME.
98
00:07:04,541 --> 00:07:07,000
THE OTHER THING THAT FORMED ME
99
00:07:07,000 --> 00:07:12,166
WAS THAT MY FATHER ALWAYS HAD
THIS DREAM OF GOING TO ARGENTINA.
100
00:07:14,125 --> 00:07:17,000
HE WAS AN OFFICER ON THESE BIG LINERS
101
00:07:17,000 --> 00:07:20,333
AND HE CAME TO BUENOS AIRES
QUITE OFTEN
102
00:07:20,333 --> 00:07:24,750
AND HE TRIED TO PERSUADE MY MOTHER
TO IMMIGRATE TO ARGENTINA.
103
00:07:24,750 --> 00:07:28,958
[Tango music]
104
00:07:37,333 --> 00:07:38,708
BUT I WAS CONTRACTED
105
00:07:38,708 --> 00:07:41,541
AND THEY USED TO CONTRACT
JOURNALISTS IN ENGLAND.
106
00:07:41,541 --> 00:07:43,541
THE BELIEF WAS THAT ARGENTINES
107
00:07:43,541 --> 00:07:47,125
WOULD NOT WORK THE HOURS
THAT WE USED TO WORK.
108
00:07:51,750 --> 00:07:53,666
AND WE DID WORK CRAZY HOURS.
109
00:07:53,666 --> 00:07:56,375
I ALMOST LIVED IN THE NEWSPAPER.
110
00:07:56,375 --> 00:07:58,958
IN A WAY RATHER WONDERFUL
AND IT LOOKS ROMANTIC
111
00:07:58,958 --> 00:08:00,958
LOOKING BACK... SO MANY
YEARS BACK.
112
00:08:01,291 --> 00:08:02,958
VERY ROMANTIC.
113
00:08:02,958 --> 00:08:04,958
[Tango music]
114
00:08:08,958 --> 00:08:11,458
I ARRIVED IN ARGENTINA IN 1959.
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00:08:11,458 --> 00:08:14,250
ON APRIL THE 4TH, 1959.
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00:08:15,250 --> 00:08:19,541
TO AN ARGENTINA THAT WAS HOPING
TO BECOME A DEMOCRACY AGAIN.
117
00:08:25,750 --> 00:08:27,875
THERE WAS A VERY STRONG SENSE
IN THE NEWSPAPER
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00:08:27,875 --> 00:08:32,833
THAT ARGENTINA WAS GOING TO GET ON
TRACK AGAIN AND MAKE PROGRESS.
119
00:08:32,833 --> 00:08:36,083
[Tango music]
120
00:08:51,583 --> 00:08:53,291
IT WAS A VERY SMALL NEWSPAPER.
121
00:08:53,291 --> 00:08:56,166
AND IT WAS VERY FIRST-RATE
ON COVERING
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00:08:56,166 --> 00:08:57,916
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS.
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00:08:57,916 --> 00:09:01,875
BUT IT WASN'T TOO HAPPY ABOUT
COVERING ARGENTINE AFFAIRS.
124
00:09:01,875 --> 00:09:02,916
[Laughs]
125
00:09:02,916 --> 00:09:05,291
AND THE HERALD WAS ALWAYS
VERY DEMOCRATIC
126
00:09:05,291 --> 00:09:07,833
AND ALSO IT WAS A NEWSPAPER THAT CARED.
127
00:09:07,833 --> 00:09:11,708
IT HAD EDITORIALS THAT SUPPORTED
STRIKES AND WORKERS.
128
00:09:11,708 --> 00:09:15,041
[Tango music]
129
00:09:20,458 --> 00:09:26,125
I INTENDED TO MOVE ON, AS
EVERYBODY DID AT THE HERALD.
130
00:09:26,125 --> 00:09:28,583
ALL KINDS OF PEOPLE MOVED THROUGH.
BRILLIANT PEOPLE.
131
00:09:28,583 --> 00:09:32,583
ONE LEFT HIS JACKET BEHIND,
[Laughs] HE JUST MOVED ON.
132
00:09:32,583 --> 00:09:35,083
NO, I EXPECTED TO MOVE ON.
133
00:09:35,083 --> 00:09:39,541
AND I WAS ABOUT TO MOVE ON AND
I MET MAUD, SO I DIDN'T MOVE ON.
134
00:09:39,541 --> 00:09:43,208
I MET MY WIFE HERE.
SO I DIDN'T MOVE ON.
135
00:09:44,125 --> 00:09:47,083
Male journalist: KIDNAPPING IN ARGENTINA
IS BIG BUSINESS.
136
00:09:47,083 --> 00:09:50,958
SO FAR THIS YEAR THERE HAVE BEEN
MORE THAN 60 KIDNAPPINGS.
137
00:09:50,958 --> 00:09:52,583
THERE WILL BE MORE.
138
00:09:52,583 --> 00:09:57,833
URBAN GUERRILLAS LIKE ANY OTHER
ORGANIZATION NEED CASH TO OPERATE.
139
00:09:58,708 --> 00:10:02,291
KIDNAPPING FOREIGN EXECUTIVES
HAS PROVED TO BE
140
00:10:02,291 --> 00:10:05,375
AN EASY AND EFFECTIVE WAY
OF RAISING MONEY.
141
00:10:06,375 --> 00:10:07,875
OKAY, FINE, TURN IT OFF!
142
00:10:07,916 --> 00:10:11,375
[Crowds shouting and chanting]
143
00:10:21,958 --> 00:10:24,750
Andrew: THE SEVENTIES BEGIN IN
ARGENTINA IN 1973.
144
00:10:24,750 --> 00:10:32,041
THAT IS WHEN PERÓN RETURNED TO
ARGENTINA FROM HIS EXILE IN SPAIN.
145
00:10:32,041 --> 00:10:35,500
THE WHOLE POLITICAL STRUCTURE
OF ARGENTINA
146
00:10:35,500 --> 00:10:39,125
HAD TO CONTEMPLATE THE PRESENCE
OF GUERRILLAS AND THEIR ACTIONS.
147
00:10:39,125 --> 00:10:40,625
URBAN GUERRILLAS.
148
00:10:40,625 --> 00:10:43,083
[People yelling]
149
00:10:43,083 --> 00:10:47,583
Male journalist: ANOTHER DISTURBANCE
IN THIS CONTEXT OF CONFUSION.
150
00:10:47,583 --> 00:10:53,375
JOS RUCCI HAS BEEN MURDERED IN THE
NEIGHBORHOOD OF FLORESTA.
151
00:11:01,125 --> 00:11:03,583
Cox: THE WAY I SAW IT WAS
152
00:11:03,583 --> 00:11:07,208
AT ONE TIME, MOST OF THE
YOUNG PEOPLE IN ARGENTINA
153
00:11:07,208 --> 00:11:10,666
SAW THE MONTONEROS AND THE
GUERRILLA GROUPS
154
00:11:10,666 --> 00:11:14,208
AS THE FUTURE OF ARGENTINA.
155
00:11:14,208 --> 00:11:17,583
[Crowds chanting]
156
00:11:19,083 --> 00:11:21,208
THEY WERE IDEALIST.
157
00:11:21,208 --> 00:11:25,250
AND OF COURSE THERE WAS THE TREMENDOUS
FRUSTRATION OF PER**N***S RETURN.
158
00:11:25,750 --> 00:11:28,875
THE BELIEF WAS THAT AFTER 18 YEARS IN EXILE,
159
00:11:28,875 --> 00:11:31,625
HE WOULD COME BACK AND RESTORE ARGENTINA.
160
00:11:31,625 --> 00:11:34,458
HE GOT 60 PERCENT OF THE VOTE.
161
00:11:34,458 --> 00:11:37,250
SO THERE WAS ENORMOUS EXPECTATION.
162
00:11:37,250 --> 00:11:41,208
AND THEN ALL OF A SUDDEN, THESE
PEOPLE WHO BELIEVED THAT
163
00:11:41,208 --> 00:11:44,958
THEY WERE GOING TO GO ALONG THE WAY
OF MAO OR CHE GUEVARA
164
00:11:44,958 --> 00:11:48,125
SUDDENLY REALISED THAT PERÓN
WAS ON THE OTHER SIDE.
165
00:11:48,125 --> 00:11:50,291
HE WASN'T ON THEIR SIDE.
166
00:11:50,958 --> 00:11:55,166
Peronist activist: THE EXAMPLE SET BY
JUAN PERN INSPIRED US, THE YOUTH...
167
00:11:55,166 --> 00:11:58,000
TO UNDERGO OUR OWN CONSTRUCTIVE
POLITICAL PROCESS.
168
00:11:58,000 --> 00:12:02,416
Andrew: THE MILITARY IN ARGENTINA CAME
WITH A PROPOSAL
169
00:12:02,416 --> 00:12:05,333
THAT THIS SECTION OF SOCIETY
HAD TO BE WIPED.
170
00:12:05,333 --> 00:12:08,625
AND I THINK THIS IS VERY
IMPORTANT, HISTORICALLY.
171
00:12:08,625 --> 00:12:12,083
THEY HAD TO BE DISAPPEARED.
172
00:12:12,083 --> 00:12:15,208
[Crowd sings "The Peronist March"]
173
00:12:15,208 --> 00:12:17,208
[Suspenseful music]
174
00:12:33,500 --> 00:12:36,125
"Still no answers"
175
00:12:36,125 --> 00:12:38,000
Cox: WE KNEW IT WAS GOING
TO COME, YES.
176
00:12:38,000 --> 00:12:40,291
"Changes are imminent"
177
00:12:40,291 --> 00:12:42,625
WE HAD A TIP-OFF GUY
IN GOVERNMENT HOUSE
178
00:12:42,625 --> 00:12:43,875
"Order to be upheld"
179
00:12:43,875 --> 00:12:46,166
WHO USED TO CALL US UP AND SAY:
180
00:12:46,166 --> 00:12:49,458
"IF IT'S NOT TOMORROW, IT
WILL BE THE DAY AFTER."
181
00:12:49,458 --> 00:12:52,541
IT WAS INEVITABLE.
182
00:12:55,083 --> 00:13:00,666
Military spokesman: THE POPULATION IS
ADVISED THAT, FROM TODAY
183
00:13:00,708 --> 00:13:06,958
THE COUNTRY IS UNDER THE OPERATIONAL
CONTROL OF A MILITARY JUNTA.
184
00:13:06,958 --> 00:13:13,791
ALL INHABITANTS ARE ADVISED TO
OBEY ALL ORDERS AND DIRECTIVES
185
00:13:13,791 --> 00:13:19,500
ISSUED BY THE MILITARY, SECURITY
OR POLICE FORCES.
186
00:13:19,500 --> 00:13:27,250
AND TO AVOID ANY INDIVIDUAL OR GROUP
ACTIVITIES AND ATTITUDES
187
00:13:27,250 --> 00:13:33,250
THAT MIGHT REQUIRE THE DRASTIC
INTERVENTION OF SECURITY PERSONNEL.
188
00:13:34,166 --> 00:13:37,500
SIGNED BY GENERAL JORGE RAFAEL VIDELA
189
00:13:37,500 --> 00:13:41,375
LIEUTENANT GENERAL AND GENERAL
COMMANDER OF THE ARMY.
190
00:13:41,375 --> 00:13:45,458
[Military march]
191
00:13:47,500 --> 00:13:50,333
Cox: I MEAN THERE WERE JOKES
ABOUT COUPS IN ARGENTINA.
192
00:13:50,333 --> 00:13:52,333
"A REVOLUTION IN ARGENTINA"
193
00:13:52,333 --> 00:13:58,000
THERE ARE MORE DEATHS IN A MEXICAN WEDDING
THAN IN AN ARGENTINE COUP."
194
00:13:58,000 --> 00:14:00,000
AND TO SOME EXTENT THAT WAS TRUE.
195
00:14:00,000 --> 00:14:02,000
WHEN THE COUP CAME
PEOPLE WOULD GO
196
00:14:02,000 --> 00:14:06,333
TO THE CASA ROSADA TO SEE
WHAT WAS GOING ON.
197
00:14:06,333 --> 00:14:07,583
THIS WAS SO DIFFERENT.
198
00:14:07,583 --> 00:14:10,250
AND TO BEGIN WITH WE DIDN'T KNOW
IT WAS DIFFERENT.
199
00:14:10,250 --> 00:14:11,583
WE DIDN'T KNOW IT WAS GOING
TO BE DIFFERENT.
200
00:14:11,583 --> 00:14:12,875
UNTIL PEOPLE DIDN'T TURN UP.
201
00:14:12,875 --> 00:14:16,041
PEOPLE WERE TAKEN AWAY AND
THEY DIDN'T TURN UP AGAIN.
202
00:14:16,041 --> 00:14:17,000
[Music]
203
00:14:26,208 --> 00:14:28,791
Judge: DR. LOPEZ, YOUR NEXT WITNESS.
204
00:14:28,791 --> 00:14:35,291
Dr. Lopez: YOUR HONOR, OUR NEXT WITNESS
SPEAKS SPANISH, BUT NOT PERFECTLY.
205
00:14:35,291 --> 00:14:40,500
Judge: SHOW HIM IN AND HAVE
THE INTERPRETER READY.
206
00:14:50,625 --> 00:14:51,625
Dr. Lopez: PLEASE, STAND.
207
00:14:53,833 --> 00:14:59,250
Judge: YOU HAVE BEEN SUMMONED AS A
WITNESS IN THIS ONGOING TRIAL
208
00:14:59,250 --> 00:15:02,750
AGAINST MEMBERS OF THE
FIRST 3 MILITARY JUNTAS
209
00:15:02,750 --> 00:15:07,041
OF THE REGIME KNOWN AS THE NATIONAL
REORGANIZATION PROCESS.
210
00:15:07,625 --> 00:15:11,041
DO YOUR SWEAR TO TELL THE TRUTH?
211
00:15:11,041 --> 00:15:14,750
Robert Cox: YES.
Judge: PLEASE, HAVE A SEAT.
212
00:15:27,041 --> 00:15:29,541
Uki: YOU SEE, AT THE BEGINNING,
WE DIDN'T KNOW WHAT WAS GOING ON.
213
00:15:29,541 --> 00:15:32,041
THERE HAD BEEN ALL THIS
KIDNAPPING GOING ON
214
00:15:32,041 --> 00:15:33,875
DURING THE PERONIST YEARS.
215
00:15:33,875 --> 00:15:36,083
SOME OF THE PEOPLE
TURNED UP DEAD.
216
00:15:36,083 --> 00:15:39,750
SOMETIMES THEY WOULD
THROW THE BODIES
217
00:15:39,750 --> 00:15:41,291
AT THE BASE OF THE OBELISQUE
218
00:15:41,291 --> 00:15:44,041
ON THE 9 DE JULIO.
219
00:15:45,416 --> 00:15:49,500
SO WHEN PEOPLE STARTED DISAPPEARING
UNDER THE DICTATORSHIP,
220
00:15:49,500 --> 00:15:52,208
WE THOUGHT THEY WERE BEING
HELD SOMEWHERE.
221
00:15:53,416 --> 00:15:56,041
DO YOU KNOW THE PEOPLE ON TRIAL?
222
00:15:56,458 --> 00:15:58,541
SOME OF THEM, PERSONALLY.
223
00:15:58,541 --> 00:16:02,083
I CAN RECOGNIZE THE OTHER
GENERALS BECAUSE
224
00:16:02,083 --> 00:16:05,458
I LIVED IN ARGENTINA FOR 20 YEARS.
225
00:16:06,208 --> 00:16:10,166
Judge: DO YOU SHARE A FRIENDSHIP OR
ENMITY WITH ANY OF THEM?
226
00:16:10,166 --> 00:16:13,250
DO YOU HAVE ANY SOCIAL CONNECTIONS?
227
00:16:14,250 --> 00:16:17,750
NO, I AM NOT FRIENDS WITH ANY
OF THE DEFENDANTS.
228
00:16:18,500 --> 00:16:20,833
Judge: CAN YOU REMAIN IMPARTIAL?
229
00:16:20,833 --> 00:16:25,041
IS THERE ANY CIRCUMSTANCE THAT
MIGHT AFFECT YOUR HONESTY?
230
00:16:25,041 --> 00:16:27,750
Cox: NO, I WILL BE VERY IMPARTIAL.
231
00:16:27,750 --> 00:16:29,208
TOTALLY IMPARTIAL.
232
00:16:32,416 --> 00:16:35,541
Pamela: I DIDN'T REALLY LIVE WHAT
HAPPENED BEFORE.
233
00:16:35,541 --> 00:16:37,833
BUT I KNOW THERE WAS A LOT OF
PEOPLE WHO WERE FED UP
234
00:16:37,833 --> 00:16:40,541
AND THEY WELCOMED THE MILITARY.
235
00:16:41,041 --> 00:16:43,958
AND THEN, OF COURSE, WHAT HAPPENED
WAS PRETTY AWFUL.
236
00:16:43,958 --> 00:16:47,416
Cox: I HAD MANY CONVERSATIONS
WITH MANY PEOPLE.
237
00:16:47,416 --> 00:16:51,041
THE FIRST THAT ONE I RECALL
CHRONOLOGICALLY
238
00:16:51,041 --> 00:16:54,375
IS A MEETING THAT TOOK PLACE
WITH PRESIDENT VIDELA.
239
00:16:56,333 --> 00:16:58,583
THERE WAS A SMALL GROUP OF JOURNALISTS,
240
00:16:58,583 --> 00:17:02,500
PRESIDENT VIDELA CALLED SMALL GROUPS
OF JOURNALISTS TO SEE HIM.
241
00:17:03,416 --> 00:17:07,208
THE CONVERSATION WAS EXTREMELY MOVING.
242
00:17:07,208 --> 00:17:09,208
ALTHOUGH I HAD NEVER MET
PRESIDENT VIDELA
243
00:17:09,208 --> 00:17:11,208
AND HE WAS NOT A FRIEND,
244
00:17:11,208 --> 00:17:13,000
I LOOKED UPON HIM AS A FRIEND.
245
00:17:13,000 --> 00:17:17,125
NOT ONLY OF MYSELF BUT OF ALL
THE PEOPLE OF ARGENTINA.
246
00:17:17,125 --> 00:17:20,416
[Music]
247
00:17:20,416 --> 00:17:22,416
[Elevator approaching]
248
00:17:28,875 --> 00:17:33,583
Maud: HE CAME HOME ONE NIGHT,
IT WAS ALWAYS QUITE LATE.
249
00:17:33,583 --> 00:17:37,791
HE CAME HOME AROUND 10:30 or 11.
SOMETIMES MIDNIGHT.
250
00:17:37,833 --> 00:17:40,208
WHEN THE NEWSPAPER WAS
SENT TO PRINT.
251
00:17:40,208 --> 00:17:42,208
HE CAME TO ME AND SAID:
252
00:17:43,041 --> 00:17:46,291
APPARENTLY, THERE IS A GROUP OF
PEOPLE WHO MEET IN PLAZA DE MAYO.
253
00:17:46,291 --> 00:17:50,250
APPARENTLY THEY'RE MOTHERS
AND FATHERS.
254
00:17:50,250 --> 00:17:53,416
HE WASN'T TOO SURE
AT THAT STAGE.
255
00:17:53,416 --> 00:17:58,041
I THINK I'LL GO THERE TO FIND
OUT WHAT'S HAPPENING.
256
00:18:06,041 --> 00:18:09,083
Cox: I HEARD THAT PEOPLE WERE MEETING
AT PLAZA DE MAYO
257
00:18:09,083 --> 00:18:11,208
AT AROUND ABOUT MIDNIGHT.
258
00:18:12,875 --> 00:18:15,000
SO I JUST JOINED THE CROWD THERE.
259
00:18:15,000 --> 00:18:17,916
THERE WAS QUITE A CROWD,
ABOUT 30 OR 40 PEOPLE.
260
00:18:17,916 --> 00:18:19,666
THE CROWD GREW DURING THE NIGHT
261
00:18:19,666 --> 00:18:22,833
BECAUSE WORD HAD SPREAD AROUND
THAT THERE WAS A POSSIBILITY.
262
00:18:22,833 --> 00:18:25,041
AND THESE WERE PEOPLE WHO HAD GONE
ABSOLUTELY CRAZY
263
00:18:25,041 --> 00:18:26,583
TRYING TO FIND OUT SOMETHING.
264
00:18:35,500 --> 00:18:37,416
Mother: AN ANSWER, THAT'S ALL.
THEN, WE'LL LEAVE.
265
00:18:37,416 --> 00:18:40,458
Mother: MY DAUGHTER WAS 5 MONTHS'
PREGNANT WHEN THEY TOOK HER.
266
00:18:40,458 --> 00:18:43,291
MY GRANDCHILD WAS DUE IN
AUGUST LAST YEAR.
267
00:18:43,291 --> 00:18:45,833
I STILL DON'T KNOW WHAT'S
HAPPENED TO HIM.
268
00:18:45,833 --> 00:18:48,041
GIVE US OUR CHILDREN BACK!
269
00:18:48,041 --> 00:18:50,041
OUR CHILDREN AND OUR
GRANDCHILDREN!
270
00:18:50,041 --> 00:18:51,791
WHY DON'T THEY SHOW
THEIR FACES?
271
00:18:51,791 --> 00:18:53,041
Mother: BECAUSE THEY'RE COWARDS!
272
00:18:53,041 --> 00:18:56,125
[Mothers yell over one another]
273
00:18:56,291 --> 00:19:04,125
Marta Vásquez: WE REALLY DIDN'T KNOW
WHAT WE WERE FACING.
274
00:19:04,958 --> 00:19:07,208
WE WERE TOTALLY UNAWARE.
275
00:19:07,208 --> 00:19:10,125
WE STARTED LOOKING FOR
OUR CHILDREN.
276
00:19:10,125 --> 00:19:12,791
INSTEAD WE FOUND CLOSED DOORS,
DEAF EARS
277
00:19:12,791 --> 00:19:17,500
FEAR, IGNORANCE AND MORE
AND MORE REPRESSION.
278
00:19:17,916 --> 00:19:23,875
AT POLICE STATIONS, AT CHURCHES,
AT THE DIOCESE.
279
00:19:23,875 --> 00:19:28,250
WE WENT TO GOVERNMENT OFFICES,
TO THE INTERIOR MINISTRY.
280
00:19:29,041 --> 00:19:32,250
OF COURSE, WE NEVER RECEIVED
A REPLY FROM THE POPE.
281
00:19:32,250 --> 00:19:36,375
NOR FROM ANY OF THE
FOLLOWING POPES.
282
00:19:37,541 --> 00:19:40,500
FROM NONE OF THEM.
283
00:19:40,500 --> 00:19:42,875
AND WE WENT TO THE VATICAN...
284
00:19:42,916 --> 00:19:44,666
18 TIMES.
285
00:19:45,041 --> 00:19:50,083
THOSE PEOPLE IN SOCIETY WHO HADN'T
BEEN DIRECTLY AFFECTED
286
00:19:51,208 --> 00:19:53,833
WAS TOTALY INDIFFERENT
TOWARDS US.
287
00:19:55,041 --> 00:19:58,000
THEY THOUGHT THE MILITARY
WAS DOING THE RIGHT THING.
288
00:19:58,375 --> 00:20:01,666
WE WENT TO THESE PLACES
289
00:20:01,666 --> 00:20:08,250
HOPING THEY WOULD UNDERSTAND
WHAT WE HAD TO SAY:
290
00:20:08,250 --> 00:20:12,250
THAT OUR CHILDREN HAD BEEN TAKEN,
HOW THEY WERE TAKEN,
291
00:20:12,291 --> 00:20:17,166
HOW WE WERE LEARNING ABOUT
OTHER MOTHERS AND FAMILIES.
292
00:20:19,583 --> 00:20:22,875
Mother of Plaza de Mayo: THEY'VE TAKEN
THE MOST PRECIOUS THING
293
00:20:22,875 --> 00:20:24,041
A MOTHER COULD EVER HAVE:
HER CHILD.
294
00:20:24,041 --> 00:20:27,208
WE'RE UPSET BECAUSE WE DON'T
KNOW IF THEY'RE SICK,
295
00:20:27,208 --> 00:20:29,208
IF THEY'RE COLD,
IF THEY'RE HUNGRY.
296
00:20:29,208 --> 00:20:31,208
WE DON'T KNOW ANYTHING.
297
00:20:31,208 --> 00:20:34,833
WE'RE DESPERATE BECAUSE WE DON'T
KNOW WHO TO TURN TO.
298
00:20:34,833 --> 00:20:40,375
CONSULATES, EMBASSIES,
MINISTRIES, CHURCHES
299
00:20:40,375 --> 00:20:45,000
THEY'VE ALL CLOSED THEIR DOORS.
300
00:20:45,000 --> 00:20:49,041
THAT'S WHY WE'RE BEGGING YOU.
301
00:20:49,041 --> 00:20:51,333
YOU'RE OUR LAST HOPE.
302
00:20:51,333 --> 00:20:53,333
PLEASE HELP US.
303
00:20:55,000 --> 00:20:57,208
YOU'RE OUR LAST HOPE.
304
00:20:57,208 --> 00:21:00,500
[Sombre music]
305
00:21:08,500 --> 00:21:11,333
[Noisy downtown streets]
306
00:21:15,166 --> 00:21:18,583
Pamela: YEAH, PEOPLE PRETENDED
IT DIDN'T REALLY EXIST.
307
00:21:19,875 --> 00:21:22,416
EVEN WHEN I WOULD TELL
FRIENDS ABOUT
308
00:21:22,416 --> 00:21:25,208
MY SPANISH TEACHER'S SON.
309
00:21:25,208 --> 00:21:26,875
OH, WELL, HE MUST HAVE
BEEN INVOLVED.
310
00:21:26,875 --> 00:21:27,791
I THOUGHT: INVOLVED?
311
00:21:27,791 --> 00:21:29,791
HE WAS 15 YEARS OLD.
WHAT WAS HE INVOLVED IN?
312
00:21:31,375 --> 00:21:35,208
Andrew: WE HAD READERS WHO
READ THIS EVERY MORNING.
313
00:21:35,208 --> 00:21:36,791
AND I WENT AND SAW THEM
YEARS LATER
314
00:21:36,791 --> 00:21:39,041
AND THEY DENIED THEY
KNEW ANYTHING.
315
00:21:39,041 --> 00:21:41,958
YOU KNOW, SO WHAT WERE
YOU READING?
316
00:21:43,166 --> 00:21:44,625
NO, NO, WE DIDN'T KNOW.
317
00:21:46,958 --> 00:21:50,041
WHEN I WANTED TO TALK TO
MY FRIENDS ABOUT IT...
318
00:21:50,041 --> 00:21:55,375
I WOULD ASK THEM: HAVE YOU HEARD ABOUT
THE DISAPPEARANCES?
319
00:21:55,375 --> 00:22:00,291
THIRTY YEARS LATER, THEY CLAIM THAT
THEY DIDN'T KNOW WHAT WAS HAPPENING.
320
00:22:00,291 --> 00:22:03,166
I REPLY: "BUT WE SPOKE ABOUT IT".
321
00:22:03,166 --> 00:22:06,000
"WE DIDN'T BELIEVE YOU.
WE COULDN'T BELIEVE YOU".
322
00:22:07,041 --> 00:22:10,125
Cox: IF YOU WERE JUST WALKING AROUND
THE STREETS OF BUENOS AIRES
323
00:22:10,125 --> 00:22:13,791
YOU SAW THAT THERE WERE
DEATH SQUADS MOVING AROUND.
324
00:22:13,791 --> 00:22:17,625
AND PEOPLE MANAGED NOT TO TAKE IT IN
UNTIL SOMETHING HAPPENED TO THEM
325
00:22:17,625 --> 00:22:19,916
AND MADE THEM REALIZE WHAT
WAS HAPPENING.
326
00:22:19,916 --> 00:22:21,916
BECAUSE THERE WAS NOTHING
ABOUT IT IN THE NEWSPAPERS,
327
00:22:21,916 --> 00:22:23,916
NOTHING ABOUT IT ON TELEVISION.
328
00:22:23,916 --> 00:22:26,541
MOST OF IT WAS CONTROLLED
BY THE MILITARY.
329
00:22:26,541 --> 00:22:30,500
BUT THERE WAS A POSSIBILITY
FOR THE PRESS
330
00:22:30,500 --> 00:22:34,166
TO PLAY ITS PROPER ROLE IN SIMPLY
INFORMING PEOPLE.
331
00:22:36,000 --> 00:22:38,083
Newsagent: WE'VE GOT ALL THE MAGAZINES
AND NEWSPAPERS!
332
00:22:38,916 --> 00:22:40,625
Videla: I WOULD LIKE REPEAT
333
00:22:42,208 --> 00:22:46,583
HOW SATISFIED I'VE FELT BY BEING
WITH YOU HERE TODAY.
334
00:22:46,583 --> 00:22:50,416
I'VE FELT AS IF I WERE
AMONG FRIENDS,
335
00:22:50,416 --> 00:22:52,416
CURIOUS FRIENDS.
336
00:22:54,375 --> 00:22:57,208
YOU HAVE THE DUTY,
THE OBLIGATION
337
00:22:57,208 --> 00:23:01,083
TO RESPONSIBLY INFORM
AND FORM OPINIONS.
338
00:23:01,083 --> 00:23:03,541
IN LIGHT OF YOUR OBLIGATIONS
339
00:23:03,541 --> 00:23:06,083
I HAVE TRIED TO FULFILL MY OWN,
340
00:23:06,083 --> 00:23:10,541
BY GIVING YOU THE INFORMATION
YOU NEEDED.
341
00:23:10,583 --> 00:23:13,791
YOUR QUESTIONS WERE LEGITIMATE.
342
00:23:13,791 --> 00:23:17,541
AND IT WAS MY DUTY TO PROVIDE
YOU WITH ANSWERS.
343
00:23:20,166 --> 00:23:22,958
Judge: DO YOU KNOW IF THERE
WERE ANY DIRECTIVES
344
00:23:22,958 --> 00:23:25,250
FROM THE GOVERNMENT
TO THE PRESS
345
00:23:25,250 --> 00:23:30,416
ON THE WAY TO HANDLE ALLEGED
HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS?
346
00:23:31,166 --> 00:23:33,041
Interpreter: DO YOU KNOW IF THERE WERE
ANY DIRECTIVES
347
00:23:33,041 --> 00:23:36,208
FROM THE GOVERNMENT TO THE PRESS
ON THE HANDLING
348
00:23:36,208 --> 00:23:39,625
OF NEWS ON HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS?
349
00:23:39,625 --> 00:23:43,625
Cox: THIS WAS ANOTHER VERY IMPORTANT
PIECE OF THE JIGSAW.
350
00:23:44,833 --> 00:23:48,375
QUITE SHORTLY AFTER THE COUP D'É-TAT,
351
00:23:48,375 --> 00:23:50,375
WHILE I, MYSELF...
352
00:23:51,500 --> 00:23:56,166
AND MY NEWSPAPER WERE STILL
PRAISING THE ARMED FORCES
353
00:23:56,166 --> 00:23:59,500
FOR HAVING CARRIED OUT
A BLOOD-LESS COUP...
354
00:23:59,500 --> 00:24:01,500
[Music]
355
00:24:01,500 --> 00:24:04,833
Cox: WE RECEIVED A TELEPHONE CALL
IN THE NEWSPAPER
356
00:24:04,833 --> 00:24:08,125
INSTRUCTING US THAT FROM NOW ON
WE WERE PROHIBITED
357
00:24:08,125 --> 00:24:10,625
FROM PUBLISHING ANY INFORMATION
358
00:24:10,625 --> 00:24:14,916
ABOUT THE DISAPPEARANCES OF PEOPLE
359
00:24:15,625 --> 00:24:17,875
THE DISCOVERY OF BODIES
360
00:24:19,166 --> 00:24:22,416
AND OTHER CRIMES CONNECTED
WITH THE SUBVERSION
361
00:24:22,416 --> 00:24:25,750
WITHOUT OFFICIAL CONFIRMATION.
362
00:24:25,750 --> 00:24:28,416
Commentator: LUQUE TAKES THE BALL,
A PASS TO KEMPES.
363
00:24:28,416 --> 00:24:31,625
HE SHOOTS AND IT'S A GOAL!
364
00:24:40,958 --> 00:24:43,541
Cox: SO INSTEAD OF STOPPING
THE KILLING...
365
00:24:44,958 --> 00:24:49,000
THEY TRIED TO STOP PEOPLE
REPORTING THE KILLING.
366
00:24:49,000 --> 00:24:52,041
Commentator: THE WORLD CUP,
THE BEST WORLD CUP
367
00:24:52,041 --> 00:24:54,250
EXTRAORDINARILY WELL ORGANIZED.
368
00:24:54,250 --> 00:24:59,041
25 MILLION ARGENTINES WEARING
THE SAME COLORS:
369
00:24:59,041 --> 00:25:01,375
BLUE AND WHITE!
370
00:25:01,375 --> 00:25:04,458
THIS MARVELOUS COUNTRY...
371
00:25:04,458 --> 00:25:06,833
Cox: AND THEY CALLED US ALL IN AND
THEY HAD A PRESS CONFERENCE.
372
00:25:06,833 --> 00:25:08,833
THEY SAID: "THE WORLD WILL BE WATCHING,
373
00:25:08,833 --> 00:25:12,333
YOU BETTER BE CAREFUL AND YOU
BETTER BEHAVE YOURSELF."
374
00:25:13,708 --> 00:25:14,833
THAT PARTICULAR TIME
375
00:25:14,833 --> 00:25:16,958
BECAUSE IT WAS A JOURNALISTS
AFFAIR, I SAID:
376
00:25:16,958 --> 00:25:21,333
"I HAVE A LIST OF THESE JOURNALISTS,
WHERE ARE THEY?
377
00:25:21,333 --> 00:25:22,625
WHAT'S GOING TO HAPPEN TO THEM?"
378
00:25:22,625 --> 00:25:24,583
AND I HAD MY TAPE RECORDER ON,
WITHOUT REALIZING IT.
379
00:25:24,583 --> 00:25:27,708
IT DIDN'T DAWN ON ME UNTIL LATER ON
THAT HE TOLD ME THEN:
380
00:25:27,708 --> 00:25:29,291
"WE'RE KILLING PEOPLE."
381
00:25:29,291 --> 00:25:35,625
HE SAID: "I CANNOT BE LIKE JESUS
AND SAY 'LAZARUS, ARISE AGAIN'."
382
00:25:35,625 --> 00:25:38,208
NOTHING COULD HAVE BEEN CLEARER,
THEY WERE ALL DEAD.
383
00:25:38,208 --> 00:25:42,333
BUT I KNEW EVER REALIZED THAT,
I COULD NOT GRASP THAT.
384
00:25:42,333 --> 00:25:44,333
[Music]
385
00:25:55,541 --> 00:25:57,625
Cox: WE HAVEN'T ANY NEWS
ABOUT THEM AT ALL.
386
00:25:57,625 --> 00:25:59,625
IT'S A TERRIBLE LIST.
387
00:25:59,625 --> 00:26:02,416
I THINK IT'S ABOUT 50 PEOPLE.
388
00:26:02,416 --> 00:26:07,291
50 JOURNALISTS, WHO HAVE
EITHER VANISHED
389
00:26:07,291 --> 00:26:12,708
OR SOME OF THEM HAVE BEEN
FOUND DEAD, MURDERED.
390
00:26:13,375 --> 00:26:16,041
AND SOME OF THEM ARE
STILL BEING HELD.
391
00:26:16,041 --> 00:26:18,625
THERE HAS BEEN SOME PROGRESS
IN REGARD TO TIMERMAN.
392
00:26:18,625 --> 00:26:21,166
HE AT LEAST IS IN HOUSE ARREST NOW
AND HE'S NOT IN JAIL,
393
00:26:21,166 --> 00:26:22,833
BUT WE HAVE NO NEWS
ABOUT ANYBODY ELSE.
394
00:26:31,416 --> 00:26:35,333
Judge: DURING THE TIME YOU
WERE IN CHARGE...
395
00:26:36,041 --> 00:26:38,916
OF THE BUENOS AIRES HERALD
NEWSPAPER...
396
00:26:42,625 --> 00:26:51,291
DID YOU RECEIVE REPORTS OR VISITS
FROM VICTIMS
397
00:26:51,291 --> 00:26:56,666
OR RELATIVES OF VICTIMS OF
ALLEGED DISAPPEARANCES
398
00:26:56,666 --> 00:26:59,291
OR HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES?
399
00:26:59,291 --> 00:27:02,333
Cox: YES, HUNDREDS,
POSSIBLY THOUSANDS.
400
00:27:02,333 --> 00:27:05,541
I DON'T KNOW EXACTLY HOW MANY.
IT'S IMPOSSIBLE TO SAY.
401
00:27:05,583 --> 00:27:10,208
HUNDREDS, POSSIBLY MORE.
MORE THAN ONE THOUSAND.
402
00:27:14,041 --> 00:27:15,791
Uki: THE HERALD WAS A
GROUND FLOOR
403
00:27:15,791 --> 00:27:18,458
AND ON THE FIRST-FLOOR
WAS THE NEWSROOM.
404
00:27:18,458 --> 00:27:21,291
SO THERE WAS THIS STAIR THAT
WENT UP TO THE NEWSROOM.
405
00:27:21,291 --> 00:27:26,458
AND I HAVE THIS IMAGE OF THESE WOMEN
COMING UP THE STAIRS,
406
00:27:26,458 --> 00:27:28,208
DRAGGING THEIR HUSBANDS
WITH THEM
407
00:27:28,208 --> 00:27:30,833
AND THE HUSBANDS SAYING:
408
00:27:30,833 --> 00:27:32,208
"YOU CAN'T DO THIS,
YOU'RE CRAZY."
409
00:27:32,208 --> 00:27:37,041
MY HUSBAND WAS AFRAID SOMETHING
MIGHT HAPPEN TO ME.
410
00:27:37,041 --> 00:27:40,166
HE WAS TERRIFIED.
411
00:27:40,166 --> 00:27:45,958
I HAD THE BAD HABIT OF TELLING HIM
EVERYTHING I WAS ABOUT TO DO.
412
00:27:45,958 --> 00:27:50,375
HE WOULD SAY: NO, NOT THAT.
413
00:27:50,416 --> 00:27:52,333
WHAT ARE YOU THINKING?
414
00:27:52,416 --> 00:27:55,333
DON'T EVEN THINK ABOUT IT,
HE WOULD SAY.
415
00:27:55,333 --> 00:27:58,708
NO, DON'T WORRY, WE WON'T
DO ANYTHING.
416
00:27:58,708 --> 00:28:03,166
I ASSURED HIM BUT THEN,
WE DID WHATEVER WE WANTED.
417
00:28:06,333 --> 00:28:08,083
IS MY HEADSCARF ON OK?
418
00:28:10,666 --> 00:28:14,375
IT'S ALL VERY BLURRY.
I'M 91 YEARS OLD, REMEMBER.
419
00:28:14,375 --> 00:28:18,041
SO, I CAN'T REMEMBER SOME THINGS.
420
00:28:19,458 --> 00:28:24,500
Carmen: YOYI SPOKE ENGLISH VERY WELL.
421
00:28:27,041 --> 00:28:33,250
Carmen: SO, SHE WAS THE CONNECTION
BETWEEN ROBERT AND THE REST OF US.
422
00:28:35,000 --> 00:28:39,875
Nora: ONE OF THE MOTHERS,
RENE EPELBAUM, SPOKE ENGLISH.
423
00:28:39,875 --> 00:28:46,208
SHE WOULD BUY THE PAPER TO FIND OUT
WHAT WAS HAPPENING.
424
00:28:46,208 --> 00:28:48,083
THAT'S...
425
00:28:48,083 --> 00:28:53,375
THAT'S HOW I FIRST HEARD OF
THE BUENOS AIRES HERALD.
426
00:28:54,791 --> 00:28:58,583
Chicha: FOUR OF US GRANDMOTHERS WENT.
427
00:28:58,583 --> 00:29:01,416
WE MET WITH ROBERT COX.
428
00:29:03,083 --> 00:29:08,375
IT SEEMED UNREAL THAT SOMEONE
WOULD LISTEN TO US SO ATTENTIVELY
429
00:29:08,375 --> 00:29:11,208
AND WOULD TRY TO UNDERSTAND
WHAT WE WERE GOING THROUGH.
430
00:29:12,791 --> 00:29:14,166
Uki: WHY ARE YOU COMING HERE?
431
00:29:14,166 --> 00:29:16,791
WE'RE A SMALL NEWSPAPER,
WE'RE IN ENGLISH!
432
00:29:16,791 --> 00:29:18,625
WHY DON'T YOU GO TO THE
THE BIG NEWSPAPERS?
433
00:29:18,625 --> 00:29:20,250
I WAS A LITTLE NAIVE AT THAT TIME.
434
00:29:20,250 --> 00:29:24,166
THEY JUST LAUGHED, NERVOUS
LAUGHTER OF COURSE.
435
00:29:24,166 --> 00:29:26,458
THEY SAID: "WE'VE BEEN TO THE
OTHER BIG NEWSPAPERS
436
00:29:26,458 --> 00:29:28,208
BUT THEY WON'T EVEN
LET US IN THE DOOR."
437
00:29:28,208 --> 00:29:29,000
WHICH IS THE TRUTH.
438
00:29:29,000 --> 00:29:33,875
I MUST HAVE BETTER MEMORIES
439
00:29:35,875 --> 00:29:39,875
BUT ROBERT'S KINDNESS!
440
00:29:42,041 --> 00:29:46,333
IT WAS LIKE GOING TO A FRIEND'S HOUSE,
NOT TO A NEWSPAPER.
441
00:29:46,333 --> 00:29:50,208
HE WAS A FRIEND...
442
00:29:52,083 --> 00:29:54,166
A FRIEND WHO LISTENED TO US.
443
00:29:54,166 --> 00:29:58,458
[Crowd chanting] ALIVE, THEY TOOK THEM!
ALIVE, WE WANT THEM BACK!
444
00:30:01,666 --> 00:30:03,750
Cox: THESE WERE SUCH HUMAN PEOPLE.
445
00:30:03,750 --> 00:30:07,041
IT WAS SUCH A HUMAN PREDICAMENT
THAT THEY WERE IN.
446
00:30:07,041 --> 00:30:10,041
[Crowd chanting]
447
00:30:14,250 --> 00:30:19,125
THEY COLLECTED MONEY TO GIVE ME
A SILVER CIGARETTE CASE.
448
00:30:19,125 --> 00:30:21,125
AMONG OTHER... I MEAN...
449
00:30:21,125 --> 00:30:25,833
ONE OF THEM, THEY GAVE ME
AN ELECTRIC RAZOR!
450
00:30:33,916 --> 00:30:36,916
THESE WERE PEOPLE
451
00:30:36,916 --> 00:30:40,458
[Sad guitar music]
452
00:31:08,041 --> 00:31:10,875
Cox: WHEN YOU THINK OF
WHAT THE MOTHERS DID,
453
00:31:10,875 --> 00:31:13,750
WHICH TO MY MIND IS THE
MOST IMPORTANT THING.
454
00:31:13,750 --> 00:31:16,250
THEY WERE SO BRAVE AND
SO COURAGEOUS.
455
00:31:16,250 --> 00:31:18,000
IT WAS WONDERFUL.
456
00:31:18,000 --> 00:31:21,500
I THOUGHT ALL THE TIME:
457
00:31:21,500 --> 00:31:28,166
IT'S INCREDIBLE THAT YOU HAVE TO BE
A MOTHER TO REALLY RESPOND.
458
00:31:28,166 --> 00:31:32,208
IT SOUNDS CRAZY BUT, MY GOD,
459
00:31:32,208 --> 00:31:34,458
IF IT HADN'T BEEN FOR THOSE
MOTHERS WHO HAD
460
00:31:34,458 --> 00:31:38,791
THIS MATERNAL INSTINCT SO STRONG THAT
THEY COULD NOT BE OVERCOME
461
00:31:38,791 --> 00:31:40,166
AND I REMEMBER TELLING
HARGUINDEGUY:
462
00:31:40,166 --> 00:31:43,208
"YOU'RE GOING TO LOOSE, YOU'LL NEVER
EVER STOP THEM.
463
00:31:43,208 --> 00:31:45,666
YOU'LL NEVER STOP THEM. THEY'LL GO
ON AND ON AND ON.
464
00:31:45,666 --> 00:31:47,916
FOR GOD'S SAKE, DO SOMETHING
FOR THEM.
465
00:31:47,916 --> 00:31:49,916
TELL THEM WHAT YOU HAVE DONE!"
466
00:31:50,083 --> 00:31:52,708
[Music]
467
00:32:00,208 --> 00:32:04,583
Interpreter: I RECEIVED MANY CALLS
FROM GOVERNMENT HOUSE.
468
00:32:05,750 --> 00:32:07,750
Cox: AND I WAS TOLD THAT
I SHOULD NOT
469
00:32:10,750 --> 00:32:12,083
Judge: PARDON, PARDON.
470
00:32:12,083 --> 00:32:15,041
DID YOU RECEIVE CALLS FROM
GOVERNMENT HOUSE
471
00:32:15,041 --> 00:32:18,291
REGARDING ARTICLES TAT YOU WROTE
472
00:32:18,291 --> 00:32:21,750
WHICH WERE UPSETTING
THE GOVERNMENT?
473
00:32:23,416 --> 00:32:23,750
[Cough]
474
00:32:33,416 --> 00:32:36,958
Cox: I WOULDN'T KNOW WHAT TO SAY.
475
00:32:43,416 --> 00:32:48,791
Uki: BOB WAS VERY AWARE OF HOW
DANGEROUS HIS WORK WAS.
476
00:32:49,166 --> 00:32:52,250
Cox: THE AVERAGE JOURNALIST HERE
KNOWS THAT HE'S UNDER THREAT.
477
00:32:52,250 --> 00:32:55,166
IT CAN HAPPEN BECAUSE
HE WRITES SOMETHING.
478
00:32:55,625 --> 00:32:58,375
BUT HE KNOWS HE CAN'T POSSIBLY
AFFORD TO HAVE BODYGUARDS.
479
00:32:58,375 --> 00:33:01,708
HE CAN'T POSSIBLY AFFORD TO ASSUME
THAT HIS LIFE IS IN DANGER.
480
00:33:01,708 --> 00:33:04,125
SO HE JUST ASSUMES HIS LIFE
IS NOT IN DANGER.
481
00:33:04,125 --> 00:33:06,958
AND HE TAKES THE ORDINARY PRECAUTIONS
THAT ANYBODY COULD DO.
482
00:33:06,958 --> 00:33:09,500
HE LOOKS TWICE OR THREE TIMES
BEFORE HE GOES OUT IN THE MORNING.
483
00:33:09,500 --> 00:33:11,500
[Laughs] HE DOES THINGS LIKE THAT.
484
00:33:13,125 --> 00:33:15,625
Uki: HE WAS VERY INSISTENT
ON SAYING:
485
00:33:15,625 --> 00:33:17,083
I'M GOING TO DO EVERYTHING.
486
00:33:17,083 --> 00:33:19,083
BECAUSE I DON'T WANT TO
PUT ANYBODY AT RISK
487
00:33:19,083 --> 00:33:21,083
BY SENDING THEM OUT TO DO
A STORY THAT COULD
488
00:33:21,083 --> 00:33:23,000
ENDANGER THEIR LIVES.
489
00:33:25,583 --> 00:33:26,833
I... I APOLOGIZE FOR THIS.
490
00:33:26,833 --> 00:33:30,416
I FIND IT VERY DIFFICULT TO
EXPLAIN THE SITUATION
491
00:33:30,416 --> 00:33:33,750
THAT I LIVED THROUGH FOR
THOSE PARTICULAR TIMES.
492
00:33:36,375 --> 00:33:40,541
Andrew: THERE HAD BEEN TWO RAIDS
ON THE HERALD.
493
00:33:40,541 --> 00:33:44,041
I WAS ARRESTED AT 3'OCLOCK
IN THE MORNING.
494
00:33:46,000 --> 00:33:52,500
THE POLICEMAN WHO FINALLY TOOK ME
IN TO POLICE HEADQUARTERS
495
00:33:52,500 --> 00:33:56,125
SAID: "YOU'RE LUCKY MAN.
YOU WERE DEAD".
496
00:33:56,125 --> 00:33:57,250
[Telephone rings]
497
00:33:57,250 --> 00:34:00,541
Pamela: HORRIBLE. IT WAS REALLY
FRIGHTENING.
498
00:34:02,541 --> 00:34:05,625
AND YEAH. THERE WAS A GENERAL
FEAR AND MALAISE.
499
00:34:06,083 --> 00:34:07,625
[Typewriter]
500
00:34:08,500 --> 00:34:13,250
Estela: HE WAS ALWAYS CONSISTENT,
ALWAYS VERY OPEN.
501
00:34:13,250 --> 00:34:19,750
WE DIDN'T UNDERSTAND THE DANGER
HE WAS FACING.
502
00:34:19,750 --> 00:34:23,583
BUT I THINK HE DID.
STILL, HE NEVER BACKED DOWN.
503
00:34:23,583 --> 00:34:25,583
[Wind]
504
00:34:25,583 --> 00:34:27,583
[Waves crashing]
505
00:34:43,708 --> 00:34:47,000
Cox: I DIDN'T WANT TO LEAVE.
I JUST DIDN'T WANT TO LEAVE.
506
00:34:47,000 --> 00:34:49,375
NONE OF US DID.
507
00:34:49,375 --> 00:34:53,583
BUT MAUD WAS MUCH MORE SENSIBLE
ABOUT THINGS THAN I WAS.
508
00:34:58,708 --> 00:35:01,625
WE HAD BEEN IN TOUCH WITH
TWO FAMILIES OF TWO YOUNG MEN
509
00:35:01,625 --> 00:35:03,625
WHO WERE IN THE ESMA.
510
00:35:03,625 --> 00:35:05,458
THAT'S THE TORTURE CENTER.
511
00:35:05,458 --> 00:35:09,708
A HORRIBLE PLACE WHERE THEY PLAYED
PSYCHOLOGICAL GAMES ON PEOPLE.
512
00:35:09,708 --> 00:35:11,500
AND WHERE PEOPLE WERE TAKEN OFF
513
00:35:11,500 --> 00:35:15,875
AFTER BEING GIVEN A SHOT OF PENTATHOL
514
00:35:15,875 --> 00:35:19,416
AND THEN THEY WERE TAKEN UP IN
AEROPLANES AND THROWN INTO THE SEA.
515
00:35:19,416 --> 00:35:22,041
AND THESE TWO YOUNG PEOPLE
HAD BEEN ALLOWED
516
00:35:22,041 --> 00:35:24,041
TO CALL THEIR PARENTS FROM ESMA.
517
00:35:24,541 --> 00:35:32,166
ON AUGUST 5, 1979,
PABLO WAS AT HOME.
518
00:35:32,166 --> 00:35:36,708
THEY WERE WAITING FOR HIM
2 OR 3 BLOCKS AWAY,
519
00:35:36,708 --> 00:35:38,708
WHERE HIS TAXI WAS PARKED.
520
00:35:42,291 --> 00:35:44,541
WE STOPPED HEARING FROM HIM.
521
00:35:45,166 --> 00:35:46,500
A DAY WENT BY.
522
00:35:46,500 --> 00:35:50,625
WE DECIDED TO GO TO HOSPITALS,
TO POLICE STATIONS,
523
00:35:50,625 --> 00:35:53,333
TO FIND OUT WHAT HAD
HAPPENED.
524
00:35:53,833 --> 00:35:55,791
NOBODY KNEW ANYTHING.
525
00:35:55,791 --> 00:36:00,125
THIS WAS ONE OF THE CASES I NEVER
WROTE A WORD ABOUT.
526
00:36:00,125 --> 00:36:02,458
I NEVER PUT THIS INTO THE NEWSPAPER
527
00:36:03,416 --> 00:36:04,458
BECAUSE I WAS TRYING TO SEE
528
00:36:04,458 --> 00:36:07,375
IF THERE WAS ANOTHER
WAY TO SAVE LIVES.
529
00:36:08,541 --> 00:36:10,958
SO, HE GRANTED US A MEETING.
530
00:36:12,166 --> 00:36:13,833
WHEN WE GOT THERE
531
00:36:13,833 --> 00:36:20,750
OF COURSE, ALL I DID BACK THEN,
AND EVEN STILL TODAY,
532
00:36:20,750 --> 00:36:22,750
WAS CRY.
533
00:36:26,041 --> 00:36:30,291
WE MET COX AND HE WAS
VERY SUPPORTIVE.
534
00:36:30,291 --> 00:36:36,291
I TOLD HIM I WANTED TO SPEAK WITH
SOMEONE IN THE MILITARY.
535
00:36:36,291 --> 00:36:40,041
I WANTED TO EXPLAIN TO THEM
WHO PABLO REALLY WAS.
536
00:36:40,041 --> 00:36:44,833
I HAD NO IDEA ABOUT THE MADNESS
THAT WAS GOING ON.
537
00:36:44,833 --> 00:36:47,833
TIME AND TIME AGAIN WE HAD
THIS DISCUSSION WITH FAMILIES.
538
00:36:47,833 --> 00:36:52,750
I WOULD SAY: "I THINK IT'S A GOOD IDEA
TO PUBLISH SOMETHING."
539
00:36:52,750 --> 00:36:55,708
YOU NEEDED TO DO IT AS QUICKLY
AS POSSIBLE.
540
00:36:55,708 --> 00:37:00,833
I KNEW BY THEN THAT SOMETIMES
IF A LONG TIME HAD GONE BY,
541
00:37:00,833 --> 00:37:01,875
THERE WAS LESS CHANCE.
542
00:37:03,750 --> 00:37:08,041
COX BROUGHT ME UP TO SPEED.
543
00:37:11,833 --> 00:37:14,541
HE SAID: WE COULD PUBLISH THIS.
544
00:37:15,541 --> 00:37:19,083
MY HUSBAND SAID NO,
AND I SAID YES.
545
00:37:19,083 --> 00:37:20,750
THEN, I SAID YES
AND THEN, NO.
546
00:37:20,750 --> 00:37:24,791
I BELIEVED I COULD PERSUADE
547
00:37:25,458 --> 00:37:30,500
EITHER PRESIDENT VIDELA OR
GENERAL HARDGUINDEGUY,
548
00:37:30,500 --> 00:37:32,750
THE MINISTER OF INTERIOR,
549
00:37:32,750 --> 00:37:36,875
TO BRING THEM TO TRIAL IF THEY WERE
SUSPECTED OF SOMETHING.
550
00:37:37,375 --> 00:37:39,083
AND THEY SENT ME A TELEGRAM SAYING:
551
00:37:39,083 --> 00:37:41,083
"THEY'RE STILL WELL."
552
00:37:41,083 --> 00:37:43,083
AND THEY HAD THIS TERRIBLE
EXPRESSION.
553
00:37:43,083 --> 00:37:45,083
THEY WERE TELLING THEIR PARENTS:
554
00:37:45,083 --> 00:37:49,333
"NO MUEVAN PAPELES".
ESSENTIALLY SAYING:
555
00:37:49,333 --> 00:37:51,166
"DON'T DO ANYTHING,
JUST KEEP QUIET."
556
00:37:51,833 --> 00:37:56,125
"MAM, DON'T DO ANYTHING
BECAUSE YOU'LL GET ME IN TROUBLE.
557
00:37:56,125 --> 00:37:58,166
I'LL COME HOME SOON".
558
00:37:58,958 --> 00:38:03,250
IT WAS A LONG TIME BEFORE THE
FAMILIES GAVE UP ALL HOPE.
559
00:38:04,833 --> 00:38:09,458
BUT AS I RECALL, THEY RECEIVED
NO MORE TELEPHONE CALLS
560
00:38:09,458 --> 00:38:11,791
AFTER MARCH OF 1980.
561
00:38:11,791 --> 00:38:15,916
THEN I RECEIVED A LETTER
FROM ONE OF THE MOTHERS
562
00:38:15,916 --> 00:38:21,375
IN WHICH SHE ASKED ME TO CRY
TO THE HEAVENS
563
00:38:21,375 --> 00:38:26,958
BECAUSE SHE WAS NOW CERTAIN THAT
HER SON HAD BEEN MURDERED.
564
00:38:26,958 --> 00:38:31,416
[Music]
565
00:38:34,500 --> 00:38:37,083
[Wind, waves crashing]
566
00:38:44,833 --> 00:38:48,041
Cox: THE WAY I SAW IT WAS THAT OUR JOB
WAS TO TRY AND SAVE LIVES.
567
00:38:48,041 --> 00:38:51,250
THAT'S THE WAY I LOOKED AT IT.
568
00:38:51,250 --> 00:38:56,666
I IMAGINE THAT IT'S NOT WITHIN
THE ETHICS OF JOURNALISM.
569
00:38:56,666 --> 00:38:59,041
BUT TO MY MIND IT IS.
570
00:38:59,041 --> 00:39:01,041
[Music]
571
00:39:20,958 --> 00:39:28,625
Consuelo: I SHOULD BEGIN BY EXPLAINING HOW
I FIRST HEARD THE NAME BOB COX.
572
00:39:29,416 --> 00:39:33,541
I WAS BEING HELD AT THE
VILLA DEVOTO PRISON
573
00:39:33,541 --> 00:39:36,500
DURING THE MILITARY DICTATORSHIP.
574
00:39:36,500 --> 00:39:41,083
I HADN'T HAD A VISITOR
IN OVER 3 MONTHS
575
00:39:41,083 --> 00:39:43,541
BECAUSE I HAD BEEN
IN SOLITORY CONFINEMENT.
576
00:39:43,541 --> 00:39:46,083
UNTIL ONE DAY
577
00:39:46,083 --> 00:39:50,541
SOMEONE ORGANIZED FOR
MY FATHER TO VISIT ME.
578
00:39:51,750 --> 00:39:54,791
THE FIRST WORDS MY FATHER SAID
579
00:39:54,791 --> 00:39:58,791
AMID THE EXCITEMENT
AND TEARS, WERE:
580
00:39:58,791 --> 00:40:01,333
IF IT WEREN'T FOR THAT MAN.
581
00:40:01,375 --> 00:40:03,375
AND HE REPEATED IT TWO
OR THREE TIMES.
582
00:40:05,125 --> 00:40:08,250
I THOUGHT: WHO ON EARTH
ARE YOU TALKING ABOUT?
583
00:40:11,708 --> 00:40:17,125
Roberto: SOME NAVAL OFFICERS CAME TO SEE ME
CARRYING A NEWSPAPER CLIPPING.
584
00:40:19,541 --> 00:40:24,375
IT HAD BEEN PUBLISHED IN AN
ENGLISH-LANGUAGE NEWSPAPER
585
00:40:24,375 --> 00:40:26,375
THE BUENOS AIRES HERALD.
586
00:40:27,250 --> 00:40:33,541
FROM THAT MOMENT ON,
WHEN THEY CAME TO ME AND SAID:
587
00:40:33,583 --> 00:40:35,583
LOOK WHAT YOUR MOTHER
HAS PUBLISHED.
588
00:40:38,416 --> 00:40:43,291
MY LIFE AND MY PARTNER'S
LIVES WERE SAVED.
589
00:40:46,583 --> 00:40:53,500
Consuelo: WHAT WAS THIS MAN DOING
PRINTING OUR STORY ON THE FRONT PAGE?
590
00:40:53,500 --> 00:40:55,875
WHY WAS HE DOING IT?
591
00:40:56,208 --> 00:40:59,458
[Music]
592
00:40:59,458 --> 00:41:04,583
MR COX, YOU'VE WORKED AS A JOURNALIST
IN ARGENTINA FOR THE PAST 20 YEARS.
593
00:41:04,583 --> 00:41:07,291
WHY HAVE YOU DECIDED TO LEAVE
THE COUNTRY NOW?
594
00:41:07,291 --> 00:41:10,458
I HAVEN'T DECIDED TO LEAVE THE
COUNTRY PERMANENTLY I HOPE.
595
00:41:10,458 --> 00:41:14,500
BUT THERE HAVE BEEN A SPATE OF
THREATS RECENTLY
596
00:41:14,500 --> 00:41:16,500
THAT HAS ZEROED IN ON THE FAMILY
597
00:41:16,500 --> 00:41:20,791
CULMINATING IN A LETTER
TO MY 10-YEAR-OLD SON.
598
00:41:20,791 --> 00:41:24,833
MORE OR LESS TELLING US
TO GET OUT OF THE COUNTRY OR
599
00:41:24,833 --> 00:41:28,666
SOMETHING WOULD HAPPEN
TO THE FAMILY.
600
00:41:28,666 --> 00:41:30,666
[Music]
601
00:41:30,666 --> 00:41:32,666
Uki: I THINK BOB IN THIS CHILDISH WAY
602
00:41:32,666 --> 00:41:36,250
WAS STILL FIGHTING THE NAZIS BACK IN
LONDON AS A KID,
603
00:41:36,250 --> 00:41:38,166
BUT AS A GROWNUP IN ARGENTINA.
604
00:41:39,875 --> 00:41:45,250
BUT THE REALITY WAS A LITTLE
BIT LOST TO HIM.
605
00:41:45,250 --> 00:41:48,250
I THINK MAUD WAS SO MUCH
MORE AWARE
606
00:41:48,250 --> 00:41:52,458
OF HOW MUCH THE LIVES OF THE
WHOLE FAMILY WERE AT RISK.
607
00:41:55,541 --> 00:41:59,750
Maud: IT WAS THE LETTER WHAT
TRIGGERED OUR DEPARTURE.
608
00:42:04,791 --> 00:42:10,541
I SAID: "NO, WE HAVE TO GO, WE HAVE TO
THINK ABOUT THE CHILDREN."
609
00:42:12,083 --> 00:42:16,708
SO WE LEFT, WE LEFT
FOUR DAYS LATER.
610
00:42:16,708 --> 00:42:19,916
BOB WROTE IN THE NEWSPAPER
THAT WE WERE LEAVING.
611
00:42:19,916 --> 00:42:24,458
AND WE LEFT THROUGH THE FRONT DOOR,
WE DIDN'T ESCAPE.
612
00:42:30,291 --> 00:42:31,916
WELL, IT'S BEEN A WONDERFUL RESPONSE
613
00:42:32,416 --> 00:42:35,333
PEOPLE EVEN HAVE WRITTEN LETTERS TO MY CHILDREN
REASSURING THEM, AND
614
00:42:35,958 --> 00:42:37,750
AND SAYING THEY FEEL VERY SORRY FOR WHAT'S HAPPENED
615
00:42:37,750 --> 00:42:38,750
AND THAT'S NOT ARGENTINA
616
00:42:38,750 --> 00:42:40,333
I KNOW IT'S NOT ARGENTINA
WE ALL LOVE ARGENTINA
617
00:42:41,750 --> 00:42:44,000
THE FAMILY OF COURSE DIDN'T WANT TO GO
618
00:42:44,000 --> 00:42:45,041
THE LITTLE BOY WHO GOT THE THREAT
619
00:42:45,041 --> 00:42:46,958
IS THE MOST ARGENTINE OF MY CHILDREN
620
00:42:46,958 --> 00:42:48,458
THEY WERE ALL BORN IN ARGENTINA
621
00:42:49,500 --> 00:42:50,875
HE'S VERY MUCH A FOOTBALL FAN,
622
00:42:50,875 --> 00:42:53,041
BUT THIS HAPPENED AND IT REALLY UPSET THEM
623
00:42:53,041 --> 00:42:55,041
ON TOP OF EVERYTHING ELSE THEY'VE LIVED THROUGH
624
00:42:55,625 --> 00:42:57,166
HE DOES WANT TO GO HOME
625
00:42:57,166 --> 00:42:59,166
HE'S EVEN PREPARED TO LEAVE HIS LITTLE FRIENDS
626
00:43:07,583 --> 00:43:10,625
Marta: WE FEARED FOR HIM.
627
00:43:10,625 --> 00:43:13,375
"Robert Cox, the worthy journalist,
the upstanding man"
628
00:43:13,375 --> 00:43:19,041
Marta: WE WERE VERY UPSET TO HEAR THAT
THEY THREATENED HIM.
629
00:43:19,791 --> 00:43:24,916
BUT ULTIMATELY WE HAD TO SUPPORT
HIS DECISION TO LEAVE
630
00:43:24,916 --> 00:43:30,875
SO THAT NOTHING WOULD HAPPEN
TO HIM OR HIS FAMILY.
631
00:43:39,250 --> 00:43:43,708
Marta: HE WAS SO COMPASSIONATE,
SO HELPFUL.
632
00:43:43,708 --> 00:43:46,041
A TRUE COMRADE.
633
00:43:54,916 --> 00:43:57,833
"The Trial of the Century"
634
00:43:57,833 --> 00:44:02,875
[Cameras flashing]
635
00:44:07,250 --> 00:44:09,416
Court clerk: PLEASE STAND, GENTLEMEN.
636
00:44:25,625 --> 00:44:27,208
Judge: PLEASE BE SEATED.
637
00:44:27,208 --> 00:44:29,375
Prosecutor Strassera: YOU HONORS...
638
00:44:31,250 --> 00:44:35,250
WITH THIS TRIAL AND THE
SENTENCES I PROPOSE
639
00:44:35,250 --> 00:44:39,583
IT IS OUR RESPONSIBILITY TO ESTABLISH
A SENSE OF PEACE.
640
00:44:39,583 --> 00:44:41,625
A PEACE BASED ON REMEMBRANCE.
641
00:44:41,625 --> 00:44:44,291
NOT ON VIOLENCE BUT ON JUSTICE.
642
00:44:44,291 --> 00:44:48,041
THIS IS PERHAPS OUR ONLY OPPORTUNITY.
643
00:44:50,125 --> 00:44:53,041
FOR THESE SAME REASONS,
644
00:44:53,041 --> 00:44:58,625
I ACCUSE THE DEFENDANTS OF THE CRIMES
FOR WHICH THEY HAVE BEEN CHARGED
645
00:44:58,625 --> 00:45:04,541
AND I REQUEST THAT YOU CONSIDER
THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES:
646
00:45:04,583 --> 00:45:06,416
JORGE RAFAEL VIDELA.
647
00:45:06,416 --> 00:45:12,583
LIFE IMPRISONMENT PLUS THE ATTACHMENT
OF SECTION 52 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE.
648
00:45:12,583 --> 00:45:14,833
EMILIO EDUARDO MASSERA.
649
00:45:14,833 --> 00:45:20,291
LIFE IMPRISONMENT PLUS THE ATTACHMENT
OF SECTION 52 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE.
650
00:45:20,291 --> 00:45:22,250
ORLANDO RAMÓN AGOSTI.
651
00:45:22,250 --> 00:45:26,708
LIFE IMPRISONMENT PLUS THE ATTACHMENT
OF SECTION 52 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE.
652
00:45:26,708 --> 00:45:28,583
YOU HONORS,
653
00:45:28,583 --> 00:45:34,625
I WISH TO RELINQUISH ANY PRETENSIONS
OF ORIGINALITY AS I END THIS INDICTMENT.
654
00:45:34,625 --> 00:45:37,625
I WISH TO USE A PHRASE THAT
DOESN'T BELONG TO ME.
655
00:45:37,625 --> 00:45:41,041
IT IS A PHRASE THAT INSTEAD BELONGS
TO THE ARGENTINE PEOPLE.
656
00:45:41,041 --> 00:45:43,666
YOUR HONORS: NEVER AGAIN!
657
00:45:43,666 --> 00:45:45,958
Judge: SILENCE IN THE COURTROOM!
658
00:45:45,958 --> 00:45:48,041
[Applause from the public]
659
00:45:48,041 --> 00:45:52,708
[Louder applause as Cox
opens the door]
660
00:45:54,416 --> 00:45:56,958
Judge: PLEASE, SILENCE IN
THE COURTROOM!
661
00:45:56,958 --> 00:45:59,375
Court clerk: PLEASE STAND, GENTLEMEN.
662
00:45:59,375 --> 00:46:02,666
Judge: SILENCE IN THE COURTROOM!
663
00:47:10,041 --> 00:47:13,000
Marta: IT'S NOT EASY TO SPEAK HERE TODAY.
664
00:47:13,000 --> 00:47:17,208
THE MEMORIES COME RUSHING BACK.
665
00:47:18,875 --> 00:47:19,541
ESPECIALLY OF THE FIRST YEARS OF OUR
STRUGGLE ALONGSIDE YOYI.
666
00:47:19,541 --> 00:47:22,833
[Music]
ESPECIALLY OF THE FIRST YEARS OF OUR
STRUGGLE ALONGSIDE YOYI.
667
00:47:22,833 --> 00:47:26,958
ESPECIALLY OF THE FIRST YEARS OF OUR
STRUGGLE ALONGSIDE YOYI.
668
00:47:30,208 --> 00:47:37,166
WE ADMIRED HER FOR HER DETERMINATION,
FOR HER WILL TO KEEP LIVING.
669
00:47:38,958 --> 00:47:45,708
SHE REPRESENTED US ABROAD, ESPECIALLY
IN ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES.
670
00:47:46,875 --> 00:47:53,541
THOSE OF US WHO WERE CLOSEST TO HER
MISS HER PROFOUNDLY.
671
00:47:53,541 --> 00:47:58,166
AND IT STILL PAINS US TO THINK OF
EVERYTHING SHE WENT THROUGH.
672
00:47:58,166 --> 00:48:02,083
IT WAS INCOMPREHENSIBLE
673
00:48:02,083 --> 00:48:06,708
HOW WAS IT POSSIBLE?
674
00:48:06,708 --> 00:48:10,875
THAT THEY HAD TAKEN AWAY
ALL 3 OF HER CHILDREN?
675
00:48:13,000 --> 00:48:17,708
AS MOTHERS, WE FEEL
VERY CLOSE TO THEM.
676
00:48:17,708 --> 00:48:23,708
AND WE KNOW THAT WE ARE
APPROACHING THE END
677
00:48:23,708 --> 00:48:27,875
BUT WE WANT EVERYONE
678
00:48:27,875 --> 00:48:32,083
TO RECOGNIZE WHAT HAPPENED HERE.
679
00:48:32,083 --> 00:48:35,958
WHAT HAPPENED TO OUR CHILDREN?
680
00:48:35,958 --> 00:48:38,208
WHERE ARE THEY?
681
00:48:38,416 --> 00:48:45,000
WE WANT THEIR MEMORY
682
00:48:45,000 --> 00:48:47,916
TO LIVE ON FOREVER.
683
00:48:47,916 --> 00:48:52,375
FOR THE 30 THOUSAND
DISAPPEARED ONES.
684
00:48:52,375 --> 00:48:58,708
FOR YOYI, FOR LILA AND
HER BROTHERS.
685
00:48:58,708 --> 00:49:02,291
EVER ONWARD TO VICTORY!
686
00:49:02,291 --> 00:49:05,666
[Music]
687
00:49:05,666 --> 00:49:09,208
[Ovation from the crowd]
688
00:49:30,458 --> 00:49:34,541
Consuelo: FINDING BOB WAS LIKE
FINDING MY FATHER AGAIN.
689
00:49:34,583 --> 00:49:36,791
MY FATHER HAD ALREADY
PASSED AWAY.
690
00:49:36,791 --> 00:49:39,750
I FEEL HUGE ADMIRATION FOR HIM.
691
00:49:39,750 --> 00:49:44,625
BOB IS A VERY SIMPLE MAN,
A VERY HUMBLE MAN.
692
00:49:46,958 --> 00:49:48,541
Nora: IT'S BEEN 40 YEARS.
693
00:49:48,541 --> 00:49:50,875
Cox: EXACTLY. BUT YOU'RE ALL
BETTER THAN EVER.
694
00:49:50,875 --> 00:49:52,875
[Nora laughs]
695
00:49:53,416 --> 00:49:55,083
Cox: IT'S REALLY GREAT TO SEE YOU.
696
00:49:55,291 --> 00:49:59,208
Roberto: IN TIME, I GOT UP THE COURAGE.
697
00:49:59,208 --> 00:50:02,208
I CALLED THE HERALD'S NEWSROOM.
698
00:50:02,208 --> 00:50:04,208
THEY GAVE ME HIS DETAILS.
699
00:50:11,458 --> 00:50:13,541
Roberto: HE GAVE ME THE OPPORTUNITY
700
00:50:13,541 --> 00:50:16,833
TO THANK HIM FOR EVERYTHING
HE HAD DONE
701
00:50:16,833 --> 00:50:20,333
FOR US AND FOR SO MANY PEOPLE.
702
00:50:20,333 --> 00:50:28,416
HE HAS THE AGE AND EXPERIENCE
TO BE EXTREMELY HUMBLE.
703
00:50:31,083 --> 00:50:35,250
Consuelo: HE TREATS YOU AS IF YOU
WERE PART OF HIS FAMILY.
704
00:50:35,291 --> 00:50:38,708
NO MATTER WHO YOU ARE.
705
00:50:45,958 --> 00:50:49,125
Consuelo: TO THIS DAY, HE TELLS ME:
I DIDN'T DO ENOUGH.
706
00:50:49,125 --> 00:50:51,000
I SHOULD HAVE DONE MORE.
707
00:50:59,041 --> 00:51:02,916
UNDER BOB'S LEADERSHIP,
708
00:51:02,916 --> 00:51:04,916
THEY DID WHAT THEY HAD TO DO.
709
00:51:04,916 --> 00:51:07,041
THEY SIMPLY DID WHAT
HAD TO BE DONE.
710
00:51:08,958 --> 00:51:12,625
I AM VERY FOND OF THEM,
OF BOB ESPECIALLY.
711
00:51:12,625 --> 00:51:15,708
AND I KNOW THAT SOMEHOW,
712
00:51:15,708 --> 00:51:17,708
I OWE HIM MY LIFE.
713
00:51:18,375 --> 00:51:21,833
COX SAVED MY LIFE
AND MY DAUGHTERS' LIVES.
714
00:51:21,833 --> 00:51:23,833
[Music]
54385
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