Original subtitles

Artistic supervision: Helmut K�utner

...presents a comedy Film Without a Title

Wow... he's well off.

Look!

It's Willy Fritsch!

Indeed!

I guess they are planning a new film.

Come on, we'll have a look at them later.

Listen, Martin...- Hm?

I really would like to meet Fritsch.

Why?

He's a human being like everyone else.

Let's repeat once more.

We have been brainstorming for two hours now.

No results!

It just won't work, I told you so.

There is no place for comedies anymore

There should be. The people need relief.

They want to amuse themselves a bit.

But that will seem trivial and cynical

against the dark background of today.

Choose another background then!

I refuse.

After everything that happened I won't direct movies that lie.

Yes, but...- Especially a comedy

must be firmly grounded in reality.

Why are you laughing?

I'm imagining a comedy "firmly grounded in reality."

"Against the dark background of today."

That doesn't get us anywhere! - Let's start again.

You said, no "rubble film"... -"The Violet of Ragsville"

No POWs returning home... - "From the Black Sea to the Black Market"

No fraternisation movie... and absolutely no anti-Nazi movie!

Not to offend anyone, huh?

No political movie, no propaganda movie, no air raid movie....

No anti- or pro-movie at all!

What kind of movie then?

A comedy of our times!

"Firmly grounded in reality!"

"Against the da-hark background of today."

Good day, Miss Christine! - Good day!

Martin? You are a back in the country?

Yes. Since one hour.

Christine wants to invite you to her brother's wedding on sunday.

-How charming, thank you.

And I have finally brought you the pictures from my apartment in Berlin.

From Hannover... - Nice!

May introduce you? You know who he is alright...

Miss Fleming, Mr. Delius...

Sounds familiar... Berlin? - Of course.

Delius & Roesch, was it? - It was, indeed...

Seems we had the same tax office then... - So? Haha!

May I ask you something?

Lilian Harvey is alive and well in France, and we actually were never married...

No, I mean, if you kiss in the movies, do you do it for real?

That depends on my partner. If it was you, I certainly would.

We'll be back later that evening.

Surely you want to work now? - Nope!

Yes. We are making a comedy. - Sure.

A charming girl.

Why have I never seen her? - She's a local farmer's daughter.

Really? I'd never have thought. Charming indeed.

Too late, Willy.

Odd couple. How did they wind up together?- It's simple.

Christine worked at Delius's in Berlin.

Okaaaay... - Tell me more.

Not a long story. It started in February of March 1945...

Delius's beautiful Grunewald house was surprisingly still standing...

Judging from these photos, it must have been terrific.

I guess that stuff must have been removed from their storage? - Not at all.

Delius stubbornly refused to do without a single one of his treasures...

His favourite piece was an old wooden sculpture of his name-sake St. Martin

which by the way plays a major part in Martin's and Christine's story.

They lived in their distinguished home, as if it was deepest peace time.

It was his wish to keep up the usual cultivated life-style until the last day.

Dinners at Delius's always had a celebratory atmosphere

What was served at the exquisitely layed table

certainly was of a war-caused simplicity.

His sister Victoria-Louise, widow of the often-cited professor of theology,

DDr. h.c. Reinhold Winkler, supported this time-denying attitude

with a stubbornness that often angered Angelika Roesch,

Martin's charming and competent business associate ,

who could hardly suppress her protest.

Already twenty years ago my dear old Reinhold said

If you consider mankind's inner condition, isn't it amazing

how much order is still being kept on the outside.

The world is working hard on changing that right now.

Considering all those irreplacable values that are being destroyed every day

one could really despair about mankind.

How can mankind respect art, if it does not respect God and his creatures anymore?

A radish for you?

No, no, as sad as it seems...

everything that happens today is a logical consequence

Decay on the outside inevitably follows decay on the inside

If nobody wants it, I'll have it.

For my part, I am determined to survive this downfall.

Being considerably alive, I am hoping to succeed.

A life without culture would hardly have any meaning for me.

What kind of tea is that?

To me, form and content are inseparable

If the form gets destroyed, the content dies for me as well.

But that's no tea!

Dear Martin, these are just theories. - So is the tea.

Don't you think that too, Mrs. Quandt? - Yes!

Mrs. Quandt and her daughter had lost their home during an air raid

She always said yes. Like many others she had adapted this habit since 1933.

That was the easiest way.

Practice is a very different thing.

"Attention! Attention! Air raid reports!"

"Fighter planes are quickly heading towards Hannover-Braunschweig."

Look at that. Already?

Indeed, a quarter past eight. One can set the clock by them.

Excuse me, Victoria. I better go now.

I don't want to leave the house maid alone during the alarm.

Will you stay at the house? - We, yes.

Franz recently prefers the bunker. - Yes.

But Mrs. Quandt, not now...

It's alright, Emma. Just open the windows already.

Maybe they won't be coming at all.

Maybe they'll turn away.- They won't, as sure as Amen follows prayer.

Marvelous.

The faded red of the coat, and the soft gold at the hemline.

Art is for quieter times.

Not while you are always afraid to lose your life or your basic possessions.

It is precisely then, when a thing like this becomes invaluable.

For you maybe. You haven't lost everything yet.

"Attention! Fast fighter plane squads over Hannover-Braunschweig

approaching Berlin!"

My good Reinhold used to say, "Self-discipline, Victoria, is the corset

that enables even weak souls to stay upright in difficult situations."

Yes.

Away! Stupid cow.

So everything went to pieces during that raid? -No, nothing happened.

At least not at Grunewald. A few windows broke and the usual chalk came down.

Only Emma was devastated.

Yes, Ma'am! Yes Ma'am!

Yes, Sir!

Lights out!

You can't just abandon me.

What would the professor say? - The professor can be happy.

Because he died peacefully in his bed, and wasn't scared to death likes us.

And if Mrs. Professor doesn't allow me to go.

I'll leave anyway. - Let her go, Victoria.

You can't force anyone under these circumstances.

Goodbye, Emma, and good luck!

Goodbye. - Goodbye, Mrs. Professor.

I'm sorry.

There are salted herrings in section C.

I put it all in the cupboard, on the left, under the can.

This is what you get.

After 22 years of faithful service. - That she offered to you.

Why are you so unfair? The poor creature is sick of fear.

So are others and they don't lose their heads.

Everyone as he can, Victoria!

And you can do it better.

This goddamn arm!

Can't hold anything.

I thank our Creator every evening for what happened to your... goddamn arm.

Where shall I get replacement for Emma?

Franz can help you.

We wanted to say goodbye.

Mom and I are moving to Seddinsee.

We must take care of Uncle Erich. - Tonight? - Yes!

So my house may become empty.

Emma just left as well. You see, she too is afraid!

To be honest, I counted on you.

I am without any help now.

Well.

We do not want to lose the little that's left.

That is all I have.

And only because Christine saved it from the burning house.

To summarize it simply: total damage.

Dear Angelika! - Ah well, you have one burden more now.

Got a handkerchief? - Yes.

Come in now.

I'm not the first to suffer this.

If I am correct, thousands of years ago some classical Greek gentleman said

during a similar occasion

"I carry all my belongings with me." What was his name? - Aeneas!

But he wasn't Greek, Angelika

He was from Troy. - Alright.

Bring me a cognac, I feel so bad. - Of course, sorry.

Christine and me can stay here tonight, yes?

Oh, my beautiful night gowns!

Of course you can stay. And not only tonight!

Where is the girl? Christine!

Mrs. Quandt and her daughter left, and Emma as well.

Please do come in, Miss.

How fitting!

Christine can replace Emma now.

Please. Angelika?

Thank you.

Have a drink.

It helps after the shock.

Very well.

To the future.

So, what about Aeneas, Martin?

Didn't his descendants found Rome?

I hope you are not having similar plans, Angelika.

Cheers.

You come at the right moment. I just wanted to bother the cow!

You... you don't know how to milk.

A movie actor must be able to do anything.

Thank you, Christine.

How did she get to Berlin? Farmer's daughters usually don't become maids...

There was an unhappy love story with a young local teacher

You know how peasant boys are if they are being rejected.

Come on, kids, drink. - Lots of things coincided...

She didn't want to join an armaments factory, so she became a house-maid.

And she would be able to learn something, for sure.

So, Delius wasn't drafted because of his arm.

What's his problem exactly? - I'm not sure

He had an accident back when he was a cabinetmaker. - A cabinetmaker?

Yes, he did some practical work when he was a student.

Marvelous modern-style furniture.

The antiques came later, when he allied with Roesch.

... put the little boxes in the right corner over there, he knows where.

That is all for now.

What are you doing up so early?

Drawing practical conclusions from last night

I am preparing the removal of our goods from storage... the glasses...

I can't let go everything to hell. - Without asking me?

Leave the practical things to me.

Such a departure is terrible.

It's like destroying a piece of life...

Where will we store them? - At Dreiannen-Hohne.

So?

I once spent a few wonderful autumn days there.

Do you remember, Angelika? - Cut it, Martin.

It's inappropriate right now.

And besides...

it's over!

Dear me, how are you handling my Ecclesia? Down here!

Remember that!

I'm just happy, I'm keeping St.Martin at home.

Now I know whom she reminds me of.

Who?- Your maid. She reminds me of...

a Madonna by Multscher. - Christine? A Madonna? - Yes.

The nose... the eyes...

and...

Certainly Christina is from the same region

Sorry to disappoint you. She is from Lower Saxony.

Really? I would have guessed Upper Rhine region, early 14th century.

Shouldn't I take the Gold Ruby glass to my place?

Just imagine... these sheens at candle light.

Yes. Or illuminated by a burning St. Martin.

Preferable to somebody touching it, who doesn't understand it's value

Always that ringing...

Yes?

You must come when I ring, Christine. - Yes, Mrs. Professor.

Almost as good as new.

Oh my God... what do you think you're doing?

Scrub it with soda lye... we have such a painted plaster figure as well at home.

I always wiped it that way.

Keeps it from getting dirty.

Who allowed you to touch this sculpture?

Mr. Delius is coming.

You tell him yourself what you did.

That's heart-breaking.

How could this happen at all?

I didn't know that Angelika employed a savage as a maid.

Unfortunately I have no time to instruct my maids in art history.

I will scream at this dopey cow until she collapses

What's this person's name? - Christine!

Christine!

Come here.

Close the door.

It was so dirty.

Dear Christine, dirt that is centuries old is called "patina".

It is awfully precious.

To attack it with sand and lye is a heinous crime.

That also applies to certain kinds of Weltanschauung... doesn't it, Victoria?

Yes, yes, Christine. Miss Roesch is right.

Your urge to clean has caused something terrible.

On the other hand, somebody should have told you before.

From now on, just do what you are explicitly told.

Yes. - Ok, you can go now.

You have a peculiar way of "screaming" at dopey cows...

Is she to blame for her foolishness?

You should have taken care better. - What, now I am the one to blame??

Just because the silly thing is young and pretty.- Victoria-Louise!

How old are you, Christine?

I turned 21 last july.

What color are your eyes?

Blue.

Any special characteristics?

I have to know, because I have to register you for health insurance.

And all that rubbish. So.

You have been with us for 14 days now.

Just one place setting?

Mrs. Professor is in Potsdam, and Miss Roesch is at Dreiannen-Hohne.

What is the second plate for? - It belongs there.

Under the coffee cup. - Mrs. Professor always says...

But Christine dear, only for lunches and dinners.

And then... and...

under the big plates. - Wrong again.

Real coffee?

I spared some beans on Sunday afternoon.

Mrs. Professor doesn't know.

She doesn't need to. Dry bread?

Jam is in the fridge.

Mrs. Professor locked it.

CLOSED 2 - 4 p.m

No, no, closed from 2 until 4....

There, read it.

I must prepare for tomorrow...

Dear Mr.Kaminsky, make an exception and give me an eigth pound of marmalade.

Can't you wait until 4?

Mr. Delius is having his coffee and Mrs. Professor has gone out

There is still credit on my food rotation card, just take it all.

Seems like Mrs. Professor has locked away everything again.

Well, do you get along with her by now?

It's getting better... apart from the plate thing, I'll never get it.

Have you finally learned how to distinguish dirt from patina?

Well, what I saw in the bathtub lately was no patina.

Thank you, Mr.Kaminsky!

Now lock the door again quickly!

I just hope for no more ration stamps when the war is over.

You can clear the table now.

Thanks.

Christine? . Yes, please?

For this one uses plates, not saucers.

Please look at the kitchen cabinet.

Your profile.

I want to see your profile.

I knew it. Upper Rhine.

Take a look at the right. Please.

Look at me please. - Leave me alone, won't you?

Help me dry the dishes instead. - Dry the dishes?

How curious!

It's even more curious if you treat me like a wooden doll.

Very well. You want me to help you dry the dishes.

Why not? So does Jochen back at home, if he has the time.

Even on holidays. - Who's Jochen?

My brother.

Well, if Jochen does it, so should I... - No, I was just joking... - Let me do it.

But don't tell Mrs. Professor. - Of course, it's between us.

And the coffee beans too. - Rub it thoroughly.

No lints must be left, or Mrs. Professor will get angry.

OK like this?

Could be better. - You are afraid of Mrs. Professor, aren't you?

Yes. - Of me as well?

A little bit. - Why?

You are so... so refined.

Really? I don't feel so refined.

Yes you are.

But that's a pity then... if it bothers you.

That one's dry already.

Right.

But you are not afraid of Miss Roesch?

No!

But she's refined too.

Yes, but only on the outside.

Inside she's not? - No.

Rather just like me.

And how are you like?

Well, like... just like that.

Simple.

You are a clever little girl.

You must put the plates on top of one another.

How? - Like this.

You see? I don't know everything about plates.

Until the start of our programme "Whither Wretched England?"

you will hear entertainment music from records.

What's inside here?

Madonnas. You look very much like one of them.

May I have a look?

I guess I need to go to work again...

"Love is ruling the whole wide world..."

"I dedicate all my life to love"

"Love is all that is on my mind today"

"I'm in love, I found the woman who is true...

and I know for sure that she loves me too..."

"Refined". Nonsense.

I don't need you anymore today, Christine.

I'll be out for dinner.

Instead of dinner, there was another alarm.

Mr. Delius. - How did you get in here?

I was at the movies next door. - Was the movie good?

Yep. A pity I can't see how it ends.

Here is a seat for you. - Thanks.

Soon the cattle will be out on the paddocks.

As a child I was always out herding.

I'd love to walk barefooted again.

Barefooted. You like that? Me too.

What? - Yes.

When I was a boy, my legs were always scratched.- From blackberry bushes?

Yes, blackberries, and these... these... thistles.

Yeah, they're stingy. - Yes.

How much cattle do you have at home?

Four cows, two pigs, three horses.- Horses?

Things aren't that bad for you then.

Things are best for the country constable.

Maybe I should pay you a visit sometime.

You would not fit in there.

Yes. Likely.

For God's sake!

Our windows are closed now. - Well....

They will be alright.

All clear!

That was a nice alarm for a change. - Just wait what's going on at home.

It will be alright. My intutition tells me so.

Oh my God. - My intuition tells me your intuition was wrong.

Well, well...

Mrs. Schichtholz's beautiful dress...

Dress? That's my housecoat.

Must look pretty over there...

What now?

Dinner, and then let's clean up

Provided the kitchen is intact...

"Life is beautiful, life is worth living..."

What would Mrs. Professor say?

That's between us of course.

Just as we did with the coffee and the dishes.

We do have marmalade?

And where does the cake come from?

Well, the fridge is open now.

The fridge is open...

Let's have some champagne then.

The famous final bottle

after the Final Victory.

You must try as well. - Always the same bottle?

Are you cold as well? - Yeah. It's drafty.

Wait a second.

The landline's gone, too. - Shall I help?

Thanks.

You were right.

It is a really nice alarm.

In spite of it all.

Please do turn the coat on, Christine!

That's between us as well. Just as with the coffee...

the drying of the dishes, and our dinner together.

Do you like it?

Take it and turn it into a dress.

I can't... - Of course. Cheers!

To your well-being, Mr. Delius.

Well? Do you like it?

I like champagne.

Oh, you drank it before?

Yes, at weddings or baptisms.

Aha. I see.

Don't worry, madam, it's me.

Got you pretty badly, huh?

Oh boy, oh boy...

But you seem to be well all the same.

We sure have it coming now.

Enjoy the war, peace will be terrible.

Terrible!

If you want, I'll come tomorrow and help you clean up

It's useless tonight, too dark.

Now I will check if Kurt and Ilse are OK.

Then I... - Why don't you stay for a minute?Seat down!

And tell me how the others are. - Oh well, they are fine.

Karl's balcony landed in his bed, freshly made just yesterday, see?

And Dehses got two firebombs

They extinguished one, and are using the other for cooking pea soup.

The gas is not burning, see?

Everything else does, haha.

And your place?

Oh, I forgot to check.

You got nerves!

Oh, my nerves are not so bad. Yesterday I almost lost them...

The bombers were three hours late!

I was already afraid something's wrong...

Out now! - Goodbye! - Goodbye.

Goodbye, Madam. Pardon my intrusion.

And all the best for you!

But not from above, huh? - Out!

I'll leave through the window, that's the easiest way.

If my home is bombed to pieces I'll be back as your beloved guest!

Who was that? - That was Hubert.

After every alarm he checks his friends if they need help.

How nice of him. - Yep. I hope he stays away now.

One more question, is the blind shell on the terrace yours?

No. We just borrowed it.

Just asking.

Maybe one should spill a glass of champagne on it, just in case...

Of course.

I was afraid you wanted to stay.

Don't, I'm on duty.

Martin. - Madam.

I hope my bike will start!

Heil H'tler. - Out!

Is there really a blind shell?

Nope. It's a running joke of his.

It wasn't ours... dear gracious lady.

It sounds funny when you call me like that.

But also nice, don't you think?

You don't allow this?

No.

I'm cold... decidedly cold.

I'm not. I got the coat.

But you do allow, don't you?

Too bad!

What? - That I'm to "refined".

Why? - Because that's why you don't like me. Right?

I do.

And why?

You are a good human being.

How do you know?

You gave me the coat.

Just as St. Martin did.

St. Martin just had one coat.

He cut it in two

and gave the other half to the beggar.

But me... I have several coats.

And if I give away one of them, I hardly notice.

You see the difference?

You are only "good", if you share what you need yourself.

To share what is superfluous should be taken for granted.

Who thinks like this, is good.

I don't want to argue with you, dear gracious lady.

I like you too much for that. - Really?

Yes.

Why?

Because... the Madonna in the book...

looks like you.

And you like St. Martin.

Will that stay between us as well?

Like the coffee?

The dishes.

The dinner.

The coat.

Everything stays between us.

"This is the end of our live programme. Goodnight everybody. Goodnight."

And so on, and so on, and so on...

The next morning... - Not so fast, so vague.

Are you afraid of the censors? This is no movie script!

Discretion is censorship, too.

It's supposed to be "between us". - It is!

Well, the next morning...

Christine?

Good morning, Christine.

Can you makes us breakfast?

A second, please.

Dear, what is wrong?

Little Madonna. Don't you like me anymore?

Yes.

Everything's fine then.

Remember? It stays between us.

That doesn't change anything.

Yes.

We should be happy now.

Instead we both feel guilty.

Get dressed already. - Martin.

Heavens. Mrs. Professor!

Martin!

Yes. Here I am.

Thank God, you are alive!

Victoria.

And Christine? Where's Christine?

Christine is alright, she is a bit upset of course.

That's good. I had a terrible night!

Take this. I'm busy since five o'clock.

I saw it coming.

You can't go up, it's all in ruins.

Oh no... the vase from Delft is broken too!

My god.

The trafic's down, and no phone connection either.

Have you been alone at home? - No, at the bunker under the cinema.

So poor Christine was here? - No, she was at the cinema too, at the bunker I mean.

Christine?! - Mrs. Professor?

Christine, first you will make us a decent breakfast

and then we'll clean up this mess together.

Yes, dear child, I know, it was a terrible night for you both.

But now it has finally happened, and we have to deal with it.

Did you have breakfast already? - No,I just got up.

Where did you sleep? - In here, on the couch.

It does look tidy in here.

The only room left. We can't use the one above right now.

Well.

Say... where did the girl sleep?

Somewhere in here. - What does that mean?

"Somewhere"? You did take care of her, didn't you?

Of course. - Well, then you must know where she slept.

Here, on the couch.

Tell me: What were you thinking?

A blind man can tell that she has a weakness for you.

I can't understand her either. That is indeed very naive.

One of you could have slept in the cellar, on the air raid protection...

... bed...

I gather that...

it was me who was naive.

Dear Victoria, I think so either.

Speechless. - I have a weakness for her, too.

But you must be aware that you cannot marry her.

So far, I have had no time to figure out anything.

I will find out what to do by myself.

How typical of you. Just let things run their way...

As they should!

Alright. As you wish.

But count me out.

That's done it!

Heavens.

Martin! Are you alright?

Sure, yes. Good morning!

Where are you going?

I want to get dressed already!

Oh God. Christine, dear child! - Good morning, Miss R�sch.

Poor little chicken!

How is Mrs. Professor?

She is over there, inside.

Broken as well.

Vicky, my dear...

Thank God, it looks at least a bit civilised in here...

Hello, Angelika. Don't bother, I'll take of it myself.

One plate is missing... - It doesn't matter.

Tonight, our dear Martin...

believed the proper thing to do with your maid was...

... seducing her.

How unnecessary.

Not a bad taste, though.

Wow, real coffee!

Your are frivolous.

You cannot seriously demand from me right now

to worry about a little girl's lost innocence.

Nowadays, so many other values are being lost.- Sure.

That's because the majority of people has become as...

pardon me, morally debased as you.

Another quote from your dear Reinhold? - No!

But that's exactly what he would say.

Please, tell me...

How did it happen?

I mean...

My only explanation is that this girl with her rustic vitality

just overwhelmed Martin.

I'd rather assume the contrary.

I thought Martin staying away from her was in your interest. - Why?

I remember a time when Martin and you were less indifferent about each other.

Certainly, dear Victoria. But you were not indifferent about that either.

When the danger arose that our relationship could lead to marriage...

Did I object in any way? - Object, no...

You just didn't miss any given opportunity to

to show me how much of a superior housewife you are.

You started spoiling Martin so much, he has become insufferable.

He has no idea about the pre-marital calamities other bachelors have to master

Besides, he has got everything he needs.

A proper domestic cozyness, and a mistress who also takes care of his business affairs.

Given his sense of indetermination this could have lasted forever

if I had agreed.

But in spite of my moral debasement, I did not.

I'm sorry you see things this way.

However, now that the situation has changed overnight, so to speak,

I remain the comparably lesser evil. - What a brutal analysis. Thanks.

Maybe. But spot-on.

Besides, I refuse to play this role.

Role? - Dear Vicky, don't play dumb.

There is no other way to let things take their course. - Why?

You can take charge, if you like.

I'll move to my daughter's place

until the situation is cleared up.

Is that really necessary, all of a sudden? It's nobody's business but mine!

Obviously you don't understand what this is all about

It's about order, cleanliness and responsibility.

How typical of post-war generation types like you...

Spare me your sermons. It's happiness in life that counts in times like this.

I think it is much more important to care about clarity and self-discipline.

Of course that doesn't change my feelings for you, my boy.

Give me my wallet, please-

I strongly advise you, dear child, to return home.

The situation in Berlin is becoming dangerous.

Where are the food stamps? - In the side pocket.

But if Mrs. Professor is gone, and me too

who will take care of Mr. Delius?

I mean, who will do the housework?

I dislike talking about what happened last night, but let me say this:

A decent girl would never sink so low to have a relationship with a man

whose social position excludes any thought about marriage.

Think about that.

Here are the stamps, I took my mine.

God be with you, my child.

Well, Goodbye then, my dear.

Of course I'll take you to the train station.

No leopard can change its spots, Martin.

And worldy wisdom tells you not to even try.

As your dear Reinhold used to say.

No...

For a change, Victoria Luise, your sister

says so.

To my Unsaintly Martin in remembrance

of enchanted autumn days at Dreiannen-Hohne. Angelika

Who repaired the door?

Mr. Kaminsky helped me do it.

Mr. Kaminsky?

Who's that?

The vegetable seller.

I don't know him.

Has Mrs. Professor had a good departure? - Yes.

Well, "good". It was terrible. She just departed, that's all.

So!

My dear little Christine.

Let's see how we will get along without her.

I think it is better, if I leave as well.

Why is it better?

Because you do not really love me.

How do you know?

You would have said so.

Twenty years ago I would have.

Once you have reached forty, you are cautious about big words.

Words that everybody understands differently.

You are disappointed now, aren't you?

But maybe it solaces you if I tell you...

that you mean happiness to me.

Maybe for the last time.

Who knows if I am going to survive what lies ahead.

That's why I could not resist you.

Is that bad?

And if we would live in different times?

You'd have been strong enough.

See?

I have no right to hold you back

if you want to leave me.

Want?

How's the aerial situation?

Huh? Nothing yet.

Do you want to hear the Wehrmacht broadcast?

It's almost ten.

I already know the Russians will be here within four weeks at the latest.

It's stupid to stay here.

Again, it was Victoria who did the only reasonable thing.

I won't hit the road, as long as my own four walls are still standing

They are crumbl�ng already.

By the way, I found the book you were looking for.

"Early Middle Age Angels" - So!

You are an angel, Angelika.

Unfortunately early middle age as well. - Come on...

In any case, a masterpiece.

The painting alone.

I thought you are preferring unpainted angels now.

Or Madonnas.

Say, where will Christine sleep tonight?

Well... the attic has come down, no?

Didn't you take care of that?

I did not want to interfere with your disposals.

Sorry.

Victoria's room is empty now.

That's where I wanted to sleep. - Sorry.

Only the air raid shelter remains.

That's the solution.

I will tell Christine to prepare it.

I hope she comes immediately for once.

Christine!

And what did it say?

Well, what did it say?

Just a few words.

"I think it is better if I leave."

OK, and she jumped into the water, etc.

But before that, she brung us the milk.

Why?

Ah, I get it.

That's really an intriguing story.

Shall we start working now?

We are here to write a movie script, not tell each other stories.

Put the glasses on please.

Now I can't see.

Yes, that could work.

That's good. - No, it isn't.

How about S�derbaum as Christine? - No way.

She's a blonde just like you, you think it wouldn't match?

I can't dye my hair because of her!

And besides?

Pardon me, I don't get it.

We have to change names, of course.

However... Martin and Christine... good.

Say, poor young friend, do you have such a low tolerance for unskimmed milk?

What?

In spite of intense intellectual effort we don't get what you're talking about.

About our movie!

Have you got any idea? - No, you have.

Me? - Yep, the story you just told us. That's a subject matter.

That's no story. That's reality. - That's a subject for a movie!

While we are wracking our brains, real life is telling us a movie script.

I see, that's what you mean.

And I am supposed to play that "Saint" Martin?

Yes. With glasses!

No offence, but one can tell you are a debutant.That's no part for me!

He's a wooden puppet! - Why?

Well, the way it starts is not so bad

and the refinement fits me, too. - With glasses?

And I could imagine the seduction scene

It needs to be fleshed out a bit, though. But as for the way he acts afterwards...

No, no... no audience will buy it if I do it.

Well, just leave that up to me.

No, that's up to me. If I'm to play that character, he must be totally changed.

That scene when he returns from the train station, for example....

And his sister should be called Agathe, not Victoria.

Victoria isn't funny.

And all that embarrassment! Nobody's interested in that anymore.

That guy should be HAPPY that he's finally alone with his little darling

Well, my darling. Finally alone.

Let's try without Agathe, won't we?

What's wrong with my baby?

I think it is better, if I leave as well.

Come on! Don't you believe me that I really love you?

Didn't your heart tell you that you mean happiness for me, little Madonna?

Just ask it, your little, sweet, silly heart!

But do you really love me? - Oh well...

How can you even ask?

But can we ever be happy, you and me?

What will people say?

You are so refined... and I am so simple.

People, people, little Madonna! They can kiss my ... uhm

I mean they can't... I mean people can't!

Something like that, of course with a different wording.

But also other scenes as well. For example...- No way!

It's psychologically wrong! - You and your psychology...

People want to have fun.

Or tearjerkers. Nothing else...

Well, let him finish the story now. - Anybody got a light?

Thanks.

Further circumstances were such that the protagonists

were spared to reflect their feelings "psychologically".

Everybody who could left the city.

By the way, that's when I got myself that car over there.

Christine reached a truck heading for Elbe

After she left Delius, she had stayed in Berlin.

She got a job at a tailored garments company-

Fifteen minutes, Christine, or I'll leave without you...

Mr. Delius!

Mr. Delius!

Mr. Kaminsky!

Christine, my angel!

Do you know where Mr. Delius and Ms. Roesch are?

They have left all of a sudden today.

Ms. Roesch managed to get a car. - And her things?

Well, everything went very fast. - But where are they?

Mrs. Wender, can't we take this gentleman with us? There is some space left...

No, no, thank you, Miss. I'll stay here.

One moment. - We have to go!

Not everybody can leave.

A few must stay here.

People must have something to eat.

People went...

things stayed.

And then came, as is commonly known, the rightfully beloved breakdown.

Everything went topsy-turvy then.

Rather turvy than topsy.

But also on top, on top of us...

Almost everybody of us started a new life at some train station.

On a freight train...

with unknown destination.

Thanks. - Where are you going?

To my la-... last suitcase.

Lost everything as well? - Who didn't?

Alright, Heinrich. You can rely on me.

Let's start then. One, two...

three, four, five, six

Four! - Four.

Alright then.

And what about -?

Can't say yet.

Let's see, if...

It's a deal then.

Report yourself at the townhall, third door to the right.

You'll get your three day ration card there as well.

But first show your delousing certificate.

Are you Mr. Fleming? - Yes.

My name is Delius.

I believe Miss Roesch has deposited a suitcase of mine at your place.

None I know of.

Why don't you ask my wife?

Where do I find here? - Inside.

I just watched the cows getting milked.

My mouth starts watering, when I see the creamy fresh milk.

Mine too.

Well, surely you can drink whenever you like?

That's what you say.

Agathe.

Worse than gypsies.

Did you hear what he said? - They all save their food underhand.

You're not from here as well?

No.

A refugee, too? - No.

Be happy. Refugees are treated like second-class people.

These people have no idea what's going on.

If they had been through, what we have been through.

We, as Germans...

Good day.

How about that?

Pardon.

One moment.

Have you got a bag for the potatoes?

That's what you want, don't you?

I wanted to get my bag. Miss Roesch has deposited it here, I think.

Oh, I see...

Excuse me, please. Every day so many people pass by, all of them hungry...

And so I thought... - Why, of course...

Why don't you come inside?

Thank you.

Thank you very much.

How's your daughter? - Oh, she's fine.

Something small's coming up again.

The father will be stunned, he doesn't know yet.

How long has your daughter been married?

Paula? Must have been five years this spring...

Mother?

Ma-

Mr. Delius. - Christine.

Hello.

How long have you been back home?

Since middle of april.

I hope you will stay for lunch, Mr. Delius?

With pleasure.

I must be going before closing hour, though.

Lay the table, Christine.

Where do you want to go? - If only I could wash myself or change clothes...

There must be a suit and some clothes in my suitcase.

The suitcase is in my chamber.

There it is.

There is one thing you can't accuse me of anymore...

That's being too refined. Refinement has gone to hell, like many other things.

You're alive, that counts.

Really?

I know something, which has not gone to hell.

Huh!

How does he get in here?

I passed by the house one last time, but you were already gone...

A saint is not supposed to go to hell, as everything else...

God forbids.

You can wash in Jochen's chamber.

Why are you taking so long?

I'll be ready in a minute.

Say, Christina, you seem a little confused.

What's this nonsense with all these plates and napkins?

Mr. Delius is used to that. - And who will wash the dishes?

Me, Mrs. Fleming.

I can do that rather well, can't I, Christine?

Ever since our Stina is back from Berlin, she's really twisted...

Nothing can be refined enough.

In times like these!

Well, well...

"Our Stina".

Go ahead, help yourself Mr. Delius!

I can't see anything on your plate.

Which is the fastest way to Hamburg?

The fastest? Walk!

Is it far? - 117 kilometres.

That's nothing compared to what lies behind me.

Where do you come from?

Right now? From Braunschweig.

Have you been imprisoned? - That as well.

Brits or Yankees? - Both.

See, I had to join the Volkssturm. (Forced last ditch defense)

They dragged me off the car, just as we

had crossed the Elbe.

You were at the Volkssturm?

Yes. - But you can't shoot with your arm!

Neither could the others.

Without guns.

What are you looking for in Hamburg?

Maybe my sister is there.

She has left Greifswald for sure.

But you won't get there tonight.

Why don't you stay overnight? There is an empty bed in Jochen's chamber.

I don't know... - Jochen's chamber is so primitive...

Everywhere else are refugees.

A roof above one's head, a bed, something to eat...

That's a lot more luxury than I've been used to during the last weeks

Stay just a few days, you won't miss anything.

I'm sure you'll like it here.

Just don't fall down, Christine.

Why don't you catch me?

Watch out!

What shall we do now?

Now we must turn the hay.

You can help me, if you like.

It's especially hot today, isn't it?

Have we got something to drink?

A thunderstorm is coming up.

I don't think so.

Over there the sky is still clear.

So you really came to visit me.

Yep. But it's very different than I imagined back then.

I'm so sorry. - That I have come?

About everything.

Thanks.

The worst thing is that I have no idea what to do next, even if I find Victoria.

Where shall I go to?

Stay here.

Why did you leave back then?

Do I have to say that?

Only if you want to.

But it was wrong.

Why? - You should have been patient with me. With us.

You are too young to understand.

Once you're as old as me...

But you are not old.

My temples are grey already.

I won't let you leave.

I have talked to my parents.

I'll move upstairs and you will sleep in the little chamber with St. Martin.

Only with the Saint.

Jochen?

Jochen!

Yes!

Leave me alone.

What's wrong with you? You never call on me anymore.

Leave me alone, I must go to the fields.

I told you that it won't work between us. Let's be reasonable.

But I don't want to be reasonable.

My father will never allow it.

And he's right.

I have no use of someone like you, I told you a thousand...

I told you that I want to, and I'm staying here!

Even if everything changes, and we can go back to Breslau.

You'll never be able to do farm work. - I will show you!

I can't help myself. It's really nice here at the pond.

But it's not like the forests back home.

I had another dream last night. I was cleaning the house.

I beat the good old red carpet. And the plush furniture.

The vertiko was shiny like a mirror.

Only the childhood picture of Karl, with the white sailor's suit

It was broken. - Well, well. Leave it be, mother.

I can't help it, Eberhard.

I think I'm gonna die of homesickness.

You are homesick for Berlin.

Yes.

Maybe not so much the city itself, but the old, fulfilled life over there...

I'm so useless here.

Even if you try to turn me into a farmer.

I'm not myself anymore. I'm not sure if you understand.

Just like me back in Berlin.

That's bad in the long run.

It makes you unhappy.

And insufferable.

You are not insufferable!

Yes, I am.

We refugees are a nuisance.

We are like pebbles in your shoes, that are not supposed to be here.

That's why we feel like being kicked around.

You feel like being kicked around?

Me, maybe not, because...

but think of Schichtholz over there.

Well. They are stupid and smug people.

Admittedly so. But if you look closer you realize that foremost they are unhappy.

Everything was taken from them, what once was their life.

And now they sustain their self-respect with the scraps of the past.

Because they know all too well, they are nothing now.

Why are you so sure? You hardly know them!

Country roads at night are a good place to meditate about the world and human beings.

I guess, Helene is not homesick anymore.

They haved solved the refugee problem their own way.

They did. And how about us? - Us?

We must wait for life's solution.

I must go to bed. - I'll have another cigarette. Good night.

By the way, I have put out one of Jochen's suits for you.

You'll ruin your stuff if you wear it while at work.

Now it's you who has become St. Martin!

Now it's you who is sharing the coat.

Now it's you who is good.

You are only "good", if you share what you need yourself.

To share what is superfluous

should be taken for granted.

You remembered that.

Everything you gave me.

'Night.

Good Night.

Good Night, child.

There was another census today. - So?

What's wrong with Stine? - Can't be serious.

Do you know what a 'samofar' is? - Nope.

I bought a samofar today.

Real silver!

For a piece of shite.

When will he leave? - Why?

Wasn't he heading for Hamburg?

Jochen. - Still awake?

Yes, it's so nice outside.

Can I talk to you for a minute?

Of course. - I'd like to tell you something.

What is it? - I just have to tell somebody.

Helene and me... we are getting married.

You do? Congratulations!

My parents don't like it. They'd have preferred a girl from the village.

But, you know...

if you have been to Paris or Athens...

I was there as a soldier...

Helene is basically a guy!

She can make it! - True, she can make it.

The people from the village are a bit odd.

So? - They don't like to let strangers in.

Nonetheless, I think... - What?

I think...

If you are honest about Christine, you should marry her as well.

See, people are talking about it already.

And you don't know my father.

Marry? What for? How could I do that?

I own nothing. I am nothing.

Why don't you ask her if she cares?

Good Night.

Thank you, Jochen.

'Night, Martin.

Sorry.

Martin!

Angelika! - Martin! Jeez!

How can this be? I can't believe it.

Oh my God! I am so glad!

Hauling potatoes... Go, tell me everything!

What are you wearing that awful dress?

What happened to your suitcase? Has it been stolen? - No, no...

Then, why are you dressed up like that?

You look like a farmer!

Go, say something! - I don't know what....

Listen. Delius & Roesch are in business again.

So? - In Hannover.

Should be properly called Roesch & Delius now, though.

At Adolf-Hitler-Street... I mean Bahnhof Street.

Sounds great!

But tell me... do we have to stand around like that?

No. Come!

Listen. I'm incredibly happy you are still alive.

I'll take you with me.

Is my suitcase still here?

Christine took care about it.

Have you got an apartment and permission to stay in Hannover?

Can't be easy.

I organised a permission quickly.

"Apartment" is a bit exaggerated. One big room to live and work.

Gourgeously furnished of course. - May I?

Thank you. People are selling nowadays everything they can get their hands on.

I was lucky my money was deposited in the British zone.

I'm a smart cookie.

Well, well. That means Mr. Delius is going to leave us soon?

Oh, really? We all will be sorry about that.

Why, Mother? If Mr. Delius likes to leave...

He doesn't fit in here anyway.

Indeed.

If he knew how funny he looks dressed up as a farm hand.

How did you get that British military car?

I was always a good painter, see?

A white star on your car can improve your life a lot.

Didn't you want to leave it on?

There goes our harvest.

The Brits take it all. - Why, Eberhard?

Don't you see that star? This woman has an order.

A shame to sell out like that.

A German woman.

You see how much Mr. Delius likes it here.

I'll leave alone after all.

Goodbye. - Good luck.

Where is Christine? I want to tell her goodbye as well.

I don't know where she is.

Thanks again for everything!

Americans! Americans!

Americans!

America!

Maybe Angelika could arrive with an Englishman?

That would add a colorful touch.

I doubt we will get a permission for color.

I have experience with that.

What do you think, Mr. Fritsch? - He's asleep.

Was fraternisation an issue back then?

In reality or officially?

Ever since Angelika's visit, something

unspoken lingered between Christine and Martin.

You are avoiding me.

How come you even notice?

I thought you were already in Hannover mentally.

Would you come with me if I asked you?

As your maid?

To do your housework?

As my wife.

Maybe we can build a new life together in Hannover.

You want to marry me?

Mr. Fleming? Can I talk to you for a moment?

Is it about my daughter?

Yes. - Come inside please.

First: cheers!

Let's not beat around the bush, Mr. Fleming.

Christine and me, we like each other.

As things are now, I cannot say

whether I can marry her today or tomorrow.

But I want to ask if you are generally against it or not.

So, you want to take my daughter as your wife?

Yes.

And you want to know if I object?

Yes.

Yes.

I do object.

My Christine will marry a farmer.

This is our tradition.

Father... - Leave it be, wife.

It's better for Mr. Delius to know where we stand.

But, Mr. Fleming... - No hard feelings, Mr.Delius.

But that wouldn't work out.

My lass is a farmer's daughter

and you own nothing.

And getting things back nowadays...

is rather difficult.

What's up? Why do look like this?

What are you going to sell in your shop?

Antiques!

Old, worm-ridden wooden statues?

Chinese vases? Crumbling satin furniture?

Mirrors you can't use for shaving?

Useless junk, that costs a lot of money.

Who's going to buy it? Us, maybe?

Or those wo have no table, chair or bed under their buttocks?

Father! - I'll tell it like it is.

On which walls shall people hang your stuff?

I see that misery every day.

Love alone cannot feed a man.

Especially not a farmer's daughter.

Am I right, wife?

Yes, Christine.

Your father is basically right.

We must relearn.

Everything has changed. We must admit that.

I'll come with you. -No. You stay here.

Be happy that you are not a refugee.

I cannot take it upon me to drag you from this safety.

But to leave me alone, yes.

You can take that upon yourself.

I'm not leaving you alone! - Yes, you do!

I'm not refined enough for you. Just like back then.

You merely thought it was your duty to propose marriage to me.

You are all too happy that Father gave you an alibi to get rid of me.

Please, Christine... - Father is right!

There's no way for a farmer's daughter to marry a refugee.

I don't want you anyway.

Go to Hannover! Miss Roesch is waiting! She so much more refined than me!

A far better match for you.

Quarrel! Misunderstandings! As usual for any true love!

He went to Hannover. She stayed. That's all I know.

But they seem to have found each other again? Thank God.

That's impossible. Dramatically speaking. And generally.

But it's true!

No, they can't get together again. I can't see that.

That's not just a conflict you can solve.

That's a serious problem. Antiques...

"Antiques". That should be the title of the movie.

First, it means the things that appear in the story

but also the dated worldviews that block their happiness.

Yesterday as today, the same bourgeois prejudices

Only today it's vice versa. This requires a radical treatment.

But how? I will tell you what comes to my mind....

We can change it later. So,...

Hannover.

Twilight.

Rubbles, low angle.

Pan.

Among the rubbles, a bar.

Music. Screaming. Loud.

Aggressive. Now, interior shot.

The usual audience.

Extreme close-ups.

Pushers. Girls at the bar.

Now, details.

Even closer. Greasy necks.

Schnapps glasses.

A thigh. Cigarettes.

Hands with diamond rings, moving to the beat.

Dancing. Maybe Can-Can.

Or better Hawaii Can-Can.

Over there, two young people with burning eyes. Endangered youth.

Two drunken girls kiss each other.

There's Angelika, doing her business

Next to her: Martin. Addicted to Schnapps!

The music has just ended.

Applause!

His empty eyes stare into the goings-on.

P.O.V. shot.

Long shot.

The audience dancing.

Absinth induced visions.

All the regulars know Angelika.

Sometimes, at an advanced hour, when she's not so sober anymore,

she joins the band and starts singing.

"On love's black market, you can compensate everything..."

"Except for one thing"

"Fidelity, we do not sell that..."

"Because everybody exchanges love for happiness only"

"Fidelity"

"We run out of that"

"Maybe one day"

"when things have changed"

"Even fidelity"

"will return."

Wipe dissolve.

Rain.

From far, the sound of an organ.

Martin on the road, like a refugee.

A bag over his shoulder.

Close-up.

His hair is all wet.

P.O.V. The village church.

A wedding party.

Opens their umbrellas.

A coach is waiting.

Rain.

The bride: Christine.

The bridegroom looks at her.

She recognizes Martin.

Close!

Symphonic music, pessimistically photographed.

Her face is hard like stone.

Martin looks at her.

He can't believe it.

Rain hits his face.

Pan.

The bag is soaked.

Cut.

A shoe steps on the veil.

The bridal couple enters the coach, ignoring Martin.

Martin hesitates briefly.

Then he walks on. Wide angle shot from below.

Chaplin-style, into the depth of the frame.

Dissolve.

Rubbles.

Rubbles.

Emphatic music.

He walks on, ever smaller....

Rubbles.

Rubbles.

Slowly fade out...

Something like that.

Isn't that a part for you, Mr. Fritsch?

Something else for a change.

Starting with the glasses.

Pardon me, dear young friend. I can't even smile about that.

It's supposed to be a comedy!

Well, comedies are not possible.

Because you're "firmly grounded in reality", against "the dark background of today."

There is no reason for an unhappy ending for them!

After all, they became a couple in real life.

The happy end is totally logical.

Look.

After the quarrel and farewell scene with St.Martin, I go...

- provided I play the part, which I won't of course...

Especially not with glasses!

Alright. So I ...

walk down the stairs and meet Jochen and Helene.

who are beaming of happiness, telling me they are getting married.

That has a great effect of course, especially in that moment.

But I won't give up.

What Helene could do, I can do as well.

Martin becomes a farmer!

He succeeds.

And now, chance comes to his aid.

Angelika gives him money. A lot. His share of the business. Totally logical.

Meanwhile, she has accepted that he belongs to Christine.

Farewell scene. Very authentic.

Sacrifice. A little drop of bitterness is always good.

With his money he buys a model farm.

Loosened inheritance laws make it possible today.

The farmer is stunned. Now he'd love to have Martin as son-in-law.

But Martin keeps him on the hook.

A well-deserved revenge!

Now we need a funny gag scene, you get it...

And then...

A farmer's wedding!

A double wedding even, with everything that it takes

Real folksy, with authentic regional costumes.

That's what people like. That's what they want to see.

And that's the right way!

Impossible!

Your idea is "impossible", including the title!

Imagine the poster: "Willy Fritsch starring in 'Antiques'" !

"Royal Children"! That's it.

"Each other they could not possess" (Folk song)

Finally, they could!

That's kitsch, Herr Fritsch! - Excuse me??

Gentlemen, he's right. It's not good.

But neither is your idea.

If you want a real life subject, you must look at real life.

May I propose a really original idea for a proper ending?

Actually, there is indeed a wedding on sunday.

Between Christine's brother Jochen, and little brave Helene, who really made it.

There you can ask Martin and Christine, how their happy ending came to pass.

So, tell me about Hannover.

There's not much to tell.

I didn't not feel well there, understandably.

Thinking of the time out here, the separation from Christine, everything...

Angelika had absolutely no understanding for my "peculiarities", as she called it.

Sorry, it makes me crazy to talk about old porcelain and swatches for hours

while at the same time the world is going to pieces. Still and again...

Well, I told you before I'm determined to survive this end of the world.- So am I!

But not in this way. - Which way then, if I may ask?

I want a better life than the old one. Not a worse one.

Like everybody.

Maybe you can tell us the recipe.

Yes? - May I?

Hello, Mr.Dehnke. -Hello, Madam. - What have you got for me today?

Everything that's needed.

Except for eggs, I'll get them on thursday.

What times are these...

We must help each other. One way or another...

How much for the coffee? - 530.

You are crazy. 500 is enough.

I can't. Think of my expenses.

I have two new tapestries for you, wanna have a look?

What for? If they are big enough...

Excuse me.

A bit nervous, this gentleman. Lacking some fat?

Fat is good for the nerves.

Hello, what can I do for you? -I want to show you some antique china.

Well.

Please.

That's from Delft, isn't it? - Yes. Around 1735.

It has been in my family's possession for 200 years.

Every eldest son got it as a wedding present.

Right, Maria? - Yes, Friedrich.

You really want to sell this?

Yes.

What a pity. It should stay within the family.

Both of our sons fell in the war.

It was pure chance that this tureen was saved.

Everything else has been burned. We have no chair, no fork,

not even a bed.

Friedrich, this doesn't help.

I was hoping we could use the revenues to buy us some things of our own again,

Simple ones will do.

But not as coarse as we have now.

That must be possible, don't you think?

Now I knew what one should do for people who want to live on:

build simple, but decent furniture.

Just as I have been taught.

No sooner the thought, he took his hat and left.

So I continued with my business all by myself.

One day, Christine showed up all of a sudden.

I was really happy to see her.

In spite of it all.

Christine! What a surprise!

Hello, Miss Roesch. - Please, take a seat.

Is Mr. Delius here as well? - No, he left a long time ago.

Actually I thought this was your doing.

I haven't heard from him for weeks. - Well.

Haven't seen him for quite some time either.

And I thought he went to Hannover because of you.

And why did you go to Hannover after the quarrel?

Proud women like you usually don't chase a man.

Why do you want to know?

An actor must know everything.

Because some day or another he could make use of it.

Actually I was too proud.

It was really stupid.

But one night I had a strange dream.

You are only "good"

if you share what you need yourself.

Don't you need me at all?

Be good. It stays between us.

Come to Hannover.

In Hannover I found out his adress.

He had opened a small cabinetmaker's shop.

It's only a small shop, but it's a start.

The authorities did everything to make it difficult for me.

But I was determined ...

I was determined to talk to him...

Again, I was unlucky. He was not there either.

But do you know where he went? -Some little village at the Elbe.

Don't know its name... - That's where I come from!

He's there.

But she wasn't there. I felt a bit weird.

That's weird. And do you know where she went?

To you. That's her only direction. But to Hannover.

And when did you finally talk?

Talk...

Talking was not necessary, because when we saw each other again...

Don't let yourself squeeze like that. Come, dance.

Why are they so curious?

That's maybe a nice, real-life story...

But certainly no movie.

Beginning with the title.

I can't think of any.

You saw a FILM WITHOUT A TITLE

Written by Helmut K�utner

and Ellen Fechner & Rudolf Jugert

The Cast:

Music by

Cinematography:

Edited by:

Sound Costumes

Assistant director Floor manager

Sets by

Shot and printed at Bavaria studios

Produced by

Directed by Rudolf Jugert

Subs by DrGogol (c) 2016