All language subtitles for The.Sound.and.the.Fury.S01E03.The.Tide.Turns.1943.1944.1080p.AMZN.WEB-DL.DD+2.0.H.264-playWEB_track3_[eng]

80 years ago,

a war of an unprecedented
scale shook our planet

and changed the face of the world.

- Go.
- Never had war been

so widespread, so brutal,
or so destructive.

A torrent of fire and steel.

Steeped in courage and cruelty.

From the Pacific Ocean
to the Mediterranean Sea,

from the deserts of Africa
to the Russian steppe.

The war broke up nations

and forged empires.

It redefined our borders, our ideals,

our fears.

The Second World War shaped
the world as we know it.

This is the story of a war
that changed everything.

The Winter, 1942.

The war had reached its peak.

Nearly 90 million soldiers
across the globe were in uniform.

And the conflict had already claimed

more than 30 million lives.

Never before had civilians

been so deeply caught up in warfare.

In cities turned into battlegrounds,

civilians were no longer
just collateral damage.

They had become targets.

But 1943 marked a turning point.

Hope was reborn among nations yearning

to see an end to the war.

This year would not only herald
the fall of fascist empires.

It would also signal the
rise of the next superpowers

destined to rule the new world.

The Allies, the
US, Great Britain, and USSR,

were regaining the upper
hand over the Nazis.

In the Soviet Union,

a decisive battle was unfolding,

one that would become legendary.

Amid the ruins of Stalingrad,

German troops advanced cautiously

without tank support, unable
to maneuver through the debris

and with no air support for
fear of hitting their own men.

From a distance, Soviet snipers
picked them off relentlessly

with deadly precision.

A shepherd from the Urals
gifted with exceptional skill,

Vasily Zaitsev, lay
hidden beneath the rubble.

In his crosshairs, a
German soldier unaware

that he had only seconds left to live.

Nearly 300 Nazis would
fall to his deadly aim.

Soviet propaganda eagerly
seized upon his exploits,

turning Zaitsev into a living legend.

Glorified national heroes
like him boosted morale

within the Red Army.

Stalin relied heavily on these heroes.

It was up to them to save
the city that bore his name

and secure victory on
the banks of the Volga.

For the Russians, the war wasn't global.

It was personal.

Soldiers fought fiercely
for their own land.

The very survival of the regime hinged

on the outcome of this battle.

In Russia, World War II is still known

as the Great Patriotic War,

a myth deeply embedded
in the nation's identity.

On November the 19th, 1942,

the Red Army assaulted the
flanks around Stalingrad.

Russian forces succeeded in linking up.

Stalin's strategy paid off.

Instead of stubbornly defending the city,

he had let the enemy in,

only for them to be left surrounded.

290,000 German soldiers were trapped.

The Fuhrer ordered them
to hold at all costs.

On the other side of the globe,

Japan had expanded its empire
through a string of conquests.

The Americans fought fiercely
to reclaim Guadalcanal.

After a brutal six-month battle,

the American GIs emerged victorious.

In February, 1943, the
Japanese army had no choice

but to fall back.

This marked the start of
America's re-conquest of Asia

and the birth of a new strategic approach:

jumping from island to island,

establishing bases ever
closer to mainland Japan.

America wasn't merely
trying to defeat Japan.

It was laying the groundwork
for a lasting foothold

in the Pacific.

This strategy would position Washington

as judge, jury, and executioner
in future conflicts erupting

across Asia, from Korea,
to the inferno of Vietnam.

Bring peace
to the brethren in Vietnam.

Guadalcanal was
the first island reclaimed

by the United States.

Japanese soldiers fought
to the last bullet,

driven by fanaticism

or the fear of bringing
shame on their families

and clans by surrendering.

Eight out of every 10
Japanese soldiers perished.

The Americans lost 7,000 men,

five times fewer than the Japanese.

Yet still, an agonizingly high price

for a war America had
initially never wanted.

On the 12th of January,
1943 in Waterloo, Iowa,

a US Army officer knocked on
Mr. and Mrs. Sullivan's door

to deliver devastating news.

All five of their sons
had died at Guadalcanal.

Following this tragedy,

the US military adopted a policy

to prevent brothers from
serving in the same unit.

In Washington, somber pride.

Mr. and Mrs. Sullivan,
parents of five boys

who were all killed in action.

Symbols of supreme sacrifice.

In America, the
sacrifices at Guadalcanal

shocked the public.

Especially as, unlike in Europe and Asia,

American soil had remained
untouched by direct combat.

The war crept into every household,

imposing strict rationing of
sugar, meat, and canned goods.

Yet Americans rallied as one.

At this critical moment,

nothing mattered more
than showing solidarity

with those fighting overseas.

And in January, 1943,

when it was still extremely
rare for an American president

to cross the Atlantic, Roosevelt
traveled to Casablanca,

near the front lines,
for a conference intended

to demonstrate the Allies' strength.

In Africa for nearly two years,

the British had been fighting Italian

and German forces alone.

But the Americans had recently
landed in North Africa

during Operation Torch.

Joined by British Prime
Minister Winston Churchill,

Roosevelt announced their determination

to crush the Axis and accept nothing less

than the unconditional
surrender of Germany,

Italy, and Japan.

Yet America and Britain

could not shoulder this burden alone.

In Europe, resistance
against Nazism was rallying,

coalescing around charismatic leaders,

such as France's General de Gaulle.

Roosevelt would've
preferred General Giraud,

a more compliant figure.

But de Gaulle prevailed,

insisting that France
would never let others

dictate its destiny.

A daunting challenge, indeed,

since during the war,
the rising superpowers

had grown accustomed
to imposing their will,

even upon their own allies.

As the Casablanca conference concluded,

Russian soldiers were triumphing

amid the ruins of Stalingrad.

On February the 2nd, 1943,

the Soviets accepted the surrender

of German General Paulus.

Carefully filmed by Soviet cameras,

victory belongs to those
who can best stage it.

Stalingrad became a symbol,

the turning point where
Nazi defeat shifted

from possibility to probability.

The battle would also come to illustrate

the staggering price paid
by the Soviet people.

27 million dead,

70 times higher than American losses.

Today, however, in Western memory,

the heroic image of the American savior

overshadows Soviet martyrdom,

a historical oversight

that still fuels deep
resentment in Russia.

Germany's defeat at Stalingrad

with 100,000 prisoners
captured sent shockwaves

across the Reich, even
though Nazi propaganda sought

to minimize the disaster.

Hitler had
convinced the Germans

that war was inevitable,

a necessary response to the
humiliation of World War I.

Early, swift victories

had reinforced the myth of
the country's invincibility.

This feeling wasn't shared
by Hans and Sophie Scholl,

brother and sister aged 24 and 21.

Two weeks after the shock of Stalingrad,

they distributed anti-Nazi leaflets

in the halls of their
university in Munich.

Sophie flung
a stack of leaflets

into the university hall.

They were spotted by the
university's caretaker

and immediately reported to the Gestapo.

Hans and Sophie were tried four days later

and swiftly executed.

Before his execution by guillotine,

Hans Scholl warned his executioners,

"Soon, it will be you
standing in our place."

Hans and Sophie Scholl were
exceptions in Hitler's Germany,

where every child and teenager
had been indoctrinated

from an early age to idolize the Fuhrer,

ready to lay down their lives for him.

Like their parents,

steadily poisoned by
relentless propaganda.

It would take several generations

for the country to
overcome this painful past.

Six days after the Scholls' execution,

Nazi propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels

declared total war to
galvanize the German people.

Hitler was fully aware

that this war was also an arms race.

Under Albert Speer, Hitler's
minister and close confidant,

German industrial production had tripled.

The Reich had transformed
into an immense factory state.

Even under relentless Allied bombardment,

its industries endured,
streamlining their processes,

burying factories underground,
or dispersing them widely.

Nazi science surged forward.

The Germans had initiated
the Uranium Project,

aiming to build an atomic bomb.

They also pursued the
development of rockets

and long-range missiles

to strike distant targets.

Like London, whose destruction
had obsessed Hitler

since the blitz of 1940.

The V-1 rockets,

closely followed by the V-2s,

ushered in a new form of warfare,

and above all, a new era of conquest.

If this were satellite

were today successfully launched

in the US-
- That's one small step

for a man.

America too

was racing toward
technological breakthroughs

and was sparing no expense to win.

Entrusted to physicist Robert Oppenheimer,

the Manhattan Project,

the largest scientific
endeavor of World War II,

advanced at a relentless pace.

At Los Alamos, deep in
the New Mexico desert,

thousands of scientists and engineers

worked day and night,

building the first atomic bomb in history.

Never had human ingenuity
leaned so heavily on machines

to win a war.

In 1943, thanks to the progress
in radar and computing,

submarine warfare shifted decisively.

During Black May,

the German fleet suffered
unprecedented losses.

German submarines had long
sown fear across the seas.

But the Allies knew exactly
where they operated,

thanks to their success
in cracking Enigma,

the Nazis' notorious coding machine.

Northwest of London,
mathematician Alan Turing

and his team had finally
unlocked its secrets.

Their wartime research led directly

to machines capable of
automating code-breaking,

paving the way for the first computers.

To protect their crucial secret,

the Allies made a ruthless decision,

to allow certain ships
and their crews to sink.

Intelligence followed
its own merciless logic,

losing some battles to
ultimately win the war.

The United States leveraged intelligence

to extend its global influence.

Since the creation of the OSS,

the precursor of the CIA,

American agents operated on every front.

They coordinated with
resistance movements,

and encouraged guerrilla warfare.

In Burma, Detachment 101,

consisting of around
100 American operatives,

organized local tribes.

The same unit operated in Indochina

supporting insurgent warfare.

In China, they aided Mao
Zedong's Communist forces.

Against all odds,

guerrilla warfare,
seemingly primitive compared

to modern tanks, planes, and artillery,

proved remarkably effective,

becoming a lasting tactic
in future conflicts.

After the war,

impenetrable jungles or mountains

would continue to shelter rebels.

Eventually, guerrilla
forces turned against

the very regimes that had armed them.

If the war upset various balances in Asia,

it also shook Africa's colonial empires.

African soldiers were on the front line

in the North African campaign.

Those who'd witnessed
France's defeat in 1940

and refused collaboration now
fought alongside the Allies

against German and Italian forces.

Four months after Operation Torch,

Allied forces converged in Tunisia.

Following intense fighting,

Axis troops surrendered in May, 1943.

North Africa was finally liberated.

Now, it was time to roll back
Axis forces in Europe itself.

Occupation grew harsher,
shortages intensified,

and the black market became essential.

Collaborators remained loyal to the Reich.

But others chose resistance.

This was a vital
opportunity for the Allies,

who found crucial support
points across Europe.

Ordinary men and women
took extraordinary risks

to resist oppression.

Initially scattered in France,
Greece, and Yugoslavia,

resistance groups organized under leaders

in direct contact with London.

Supported by Allied intelligence services,

these groups became a strategic asset

in the struggle against the Axis.

In Norway, Joachim Ronneberg, age 23,

was parachuted into the mountains

along with six companions.

Britain's SOE had entrusted
them with a mission

of the utmost importance.

After skiing covertly for 15 days

through freezing conditions,

on February the 27th, 1943,

they infiltrated the Vemork
heavy water production plant,

a key site in the Nazis' nuclear
program, and destroyed it.

This daring strike shattered
the Reich's atomic ambitions.

Through their acts of
bravery and sacrifice,

the resistance captured
Europe's imagination

and shaped a shared
vision of the lone hero

rising against tyranny.

For the first time,

the resistance also placed
women at the forefront.

Subject to less suspicion,

they became couriers, saboteurs, spies.

Even though they were
rarely allowed to bear arms.

The exception was in the USSR,

where women served both behind
the lines and at the front,

some forming entirely female battalions.

June the 28th, 1942.

Serafima Amosova, commander

of the 588th Night Bomber Regiment,

took off for her first mission.

Piloting a fragile biplane,

she silently glided at low
altitude over enemy lines.

Shutting off her engine
to avoid detection.

She dropped her bombs,

narrowly escaping heavily flak from below.

This daring raid inaugurated the legend

of the Night Witches, female pilots

whose nocturnal missions
would terrify Nazi troops.

Despite their pivotal roles,

after the war, women
were largely pushed back

into traditional positions.

Yet, their extraordinary
wartime contributions

left a lasting legacy in
the struggles for equality.

Six months after Stalingrad,

Soviet forces had advanced
nearly 600 kilometers,

forming a salient around the Kursk region,

one Hitler was determined to eliminate.

He mobilized substantial resources

to halt intense Russian artillery fire.

The panzers charged forward
only to meet fierce resistance

from Soviet T-34 tanks.

The battle decisively
demonstrated Soviet superiority

on the eastern front.

The Red Army took the
lead in liberating Europe,

and Stalin secured a
strong bargaining position

for future negotiations.

Ironically, these Soviet tanks,

celebrated as instruments of liberation,

would later become symbols of
fear across post-war Europe.

The Soviet
economy successfully adapted

to war conditions

by relocating factories eastward,
far from the front lines,

and by standardizing production methods

to create simple, yet robust, weapons.

By 1943, Soviet tank
production had quadrupled

from the previous year,

vastly outperforming the Reich,

and proving the Soviet
economic model could match that

of other major powers.

The eastern front had become a
graveyard for Nazi ambitions.

Meanwhile, another front
was opening in Italy.

On July the 10th, 1943, the
Allies landed in Sicily.

General Patton, commanding
American troops,

General Montgomery,
leading British forces,

quickly became heroes
of Allied propaganda,

frequently filmed and celebrated.

Patton, wearing his Colt on his belt,

fiery and charismatic,

symbolized America's fearless resolve.

Montgomery played the calm,
meticulous strategist.

Fire.

They were
outnumbered by Axis forces

on the island, but
Italian and German forces

crumbled in just two weeks.

And the two German divisions
holding Sicily retreated.

On July the 25th, Mussolini,

betrayed by his own inner circle,

was removed from power and imprisoned.

After more than 20 years
under dictatorship,

Italians joyfully
celebrated in the streets

as their tyrant fell.

From Italy, British and American bombers

could now strike southern Germany,

previously untouched.

Even as the north already
burned under heavy bombardment.

For months, Allied
bombers had relentlessly

targeted German industrial
facilities and urban centers.

Seeking unconditional surrender,

no matter the human cost.

Germany erupted into flames.

On July the 27th, 1943,

Hamburg was devastated
by a relentless rain

of incendiary bombs.

Temperatures reached 750 degrees Celsius,

melting windows and asphalt alike.

From his plane

above Hamburg, Royal Air
Force Officer Trevor Tympani

watched the immense
inferno engulfing the city.

Below, Henne Klonk, clutching her infant,

fled her burning apartment
with her husband.

Their neighbor wasn't so lucky,

set ablaze before their very eyes.

37,000 civilians perished in Hamburg,

and 60% of the city lay in ruins.

The Allies deliberately
targeted civilian populations,

escalating the brutality.

Soon, other German cities
would share the same fate.

By the war's end, the
devastation was so profound,

Germans spoke of year zero.

This systematic destruction
spread across all Europe,

leveling entire cities,

and forcing massive reconstruction

that would permanently reshape them.

Yet, the Axis powers refused to collapse.

On September the 3rd, 1943,

the Allies landed on mainland Italy.

Secretly, Italy's king and prime minister

negotiated an armistice.

But when the Germans
discovered this betrayal,

they swiftly seized Rome
and occupied Northern Italy.

The country was now divided in two:

royalists in the south,

loyalists of Il Duce in the north.

The fallen dictator,
imprisoned in isolation high

in the Apennine Mountains,

became the centerpiece
of a spectacular rescue,

orchestrated

by a weakened Germany desperate
for a propaganda victory.

On September the 12th, 1943,

an elite commando unit
of 382 Waffen-SS soldiers

freed Mussolini in a daring raid,

carefully filmed by Nazi
propaganda to boost morale.

Mussolini was promptly reinstalled

as the figurehead of a puppet state,

a mere shadow of the fascist
empire he once dreamt of.

Through Hitler's will alone,

Italian fascism appeared reborn.

Proof that the Nazi machine
remained dangerously effective.

Soon, Nazis began
organizing the deportation

of Italian Jews,

something Mussolini has
previously resisted.

Every day, hundreds of
trains crossed Europe,

carrying deported Jews toward death camps.

Despite mounting defeats and
fading prospects of victory,

Nazi priorities did not waver.

Instead, the Holocaust intensified.

Writer Primo Levi was
arrested two months later

and deported to Auschwitz.

"We traveled here in sealed wagons.

We watched our women

and children disappear into nothingness.

None of us will return.

Nobody will ever leave this
place alive to bear witness,

branded into their flesh

of what man did to man at Auschwitz."

In Denmark, until then
spared the roundups,

Nazis planned the deportation
of the Jewish population.

But this time, they faced
determined resistance.

An underground network emerged.

Danish citizens hid
their Jewish neighbors,

warning them in advance.

For nearly three weeks,

every night, fishing boats
spirited entire families

away to safety.

On October the 3rd, 1943,
in northern Denmark,

Henny Sinding, age 22,
hurriedly guided a Jewish family

aboard a fishing boat.

From the lighthouse,
her father kept watch.

On the docks,

Otto Andersen, a crew member,
distracted German patrols.

Quietly, the small vessel
slipped away into darkness

heading towards freedom in Sweden.

Within days, nearly 90% of
Denmark's Jews were rescued.

This unparalleled nationwide mobilization

earned Denmark's resistance

the collective honor of
righteous among the nations.

Yet, the war was far from over.

German military setbacks convinced Hitler

that the continent itself

must become an impregnable fortress.

Along 2,600 kilometers of coastline,

he ordered construction
of the Atlantic Wall,

a formidable defense line of bunkers,

forts, and gun emplacements.

Ironically, the Fuhrer,

who'd effortlessly
bypassed the Maginot Line,

now relied on concrete fortifications

to repel an anticipated Allied invasion.

Hitler had good reason to worry.

In November, 1943, the
Allies met in Tehran.

These summits had become the place

where great powers shaped
the world's future.

For the first time, Stalin attended.

No one ignored the
stark ideological divide

between Communist
dictatorship and democracy,

yet coordination was essential
for the final assault

on Nazi Germany.

The Soviets would push from the east,

while the Allies launched a
massive invasion from the west.

The countdown had begun.

Five months remained until D-Day.