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1
00:00:06,123 --> 00:00:07,415
VALERY LEGASOV:
What is the cost of lies?
2
00:00:10,082 --> 00:00:11,207
Who is to blame?
3
00:00:15,791 --> 00:00:16,874
It doesn't matter.
4
00:00:17,457 --> 00:00:18,916
WOMAN: It doesn't look right.
5
00:00:21,832 --> 00:00:22,957
MAN: We taste metal.
6
00:00:23,582 --> 00:00:25,749
ENGINEER: I think
there's graphite on the ground.
7
00:00:26,374 --> 00:00:27,415
You didn't see graphite.
8
00:00:28,040 --> 00:00:31,624
(YELLING) You didn't
because it's not there!
9
00:00:33,749 --> 00:00:37,624
We seal off the city. Contain
the spread of misinformation.
10
00:00:37,707 --> 00:00:38,916
(APPLAUSE)
11
00:00:39,123 --> 00:00:40,415
(PHONE RINGS)
12
00:00:41,624 --> 00:00:42,749
(MUFFLED GROANING)
13
00:00:44,165 --> 00:00:45,832
(RINGING CONTINUES)
14
00:00:49,332 --> 00:00:51,707
BORIS SHCHERBINA: (ON PHONE)
Secretary Gorbachev
has appointed a committee
15
00:00:51,791 --> 00:00:53,998
to manage the accident.
You're on it.
16
00:01:09,666 --> 00:01:11,624
(wind blowing softly)
17
00:01:11,707 --> 00:01:14,624
(dosimeter clicking faintly)
18
00:01:30,666 --> 00:01:32,832
♪ ♪
19
00:01:39,248 --> 00:01:42,290
(man reading poem
in Ukrainian, over radio)
20
00:02:02,332 --> 00:02:04,540
(man continues reading
poem over radio)
21
00:02:22,666 --> 00:02:25,248
(door opens, closes)
22
00:02:28,123 --> 00:02:30,248
(footsteps approaching)
23
00:02:35,874 --> 00:02:37,540
(turns off radio)
24
00:02:39,374 --> 00:02:41,415
You work too hard.
25
00:02:42,707 --> 00:02:47,332
-Where is everyone?
-Oh, they refused to come in.
26
00:02:47,415 --> 00:02:49,916
-Why?
-It's Saturday.
27
00:02:53,040 --> 00:02:55,374
-Why did you come in?
-I work too hard.
28
00:02:55,457 --> 00:02:57,248
It's boiling in here.
29
00:03:01,957 --> 00:03:04,874
(dosimeter alarm buzzing)
30
00:03:09,540 --> 00:03:10,916
(buzzing stops)
31
00:03:12,082 --> 00:03:14,624
Eight milliroentgen. A leak?
32
00:03:14,707 --> 00:03:15,957
No.
33
00:03:16,874 --> 00:03:19,374
It would've gone off before.
It's coming from outside.
34
00:03:19,457 --> 00:03:21,082
The Americans?
35
00:03:22,707 --> 00:03:25,040
(wind blowing)
36
00:03:42,791 --> 00:03:45,123
(machines humming)
37
00:03:49,832 --> 00:03:51,957
(whirring)
38
00:03:52,624 --> 00:03:56,290
(printer clacking)
39
00:04:01,832 --> 00:04:04,332
Iodine 131.
40
00:04:04,415 --> 00:04:08,248
It's not military.
It's uranium decay, U-235.
41
00:04:08,332 --> 00:04:09,832
Reactor fuel?
42
00:04:12,374 --> 00:04:15,998
Ignalina. Maybe, uh,
240 kilometers away.
43
00:04:16,082 --> 00:04:18,666
(rotary phone dialing)
44
00:04:23,499 --> 00:04:24,707
(line rings)
45
00:04:24,791 --> 00:04:26,582
Yes, this is Ulana Khomyuk
46
00:04:26,666 --> 00:04:29,165
with the Institute
of Nuclear En--
47
00:04:29,248 --> 00:04:30,916
Looking for--?
48
00:04:30,998 --> 00:04:33,957
(man speaking indistinctly
over phone)
49
00:04:35,499 --> 00:04:38,123
-All right, stay calm.
-Man (over phone):
Don't tell me to stay calm.
50
00:04:38,207 --> 00:04:40,165
(man continuing indistinctly)
51
00:04:41,998 --> 00:04:44,791
They're at four. It's not them.
52
00:04:44,874 --> 00:04:47,582
-Who's the next closest?
-It's Chernobyl,
but that's not possible.
53
00:04:47,666 --> 00:04:49,248
They're 400 kilometers away.
54
00:04:49,332 --> 00:04:51,457
That's too far
for eight milliroentgen.
55
00:04:51,540 --> 00:04:53,165
They'd have to be split open.
56
00:04:53,248 --> 00:04:55,374
Maybe they know something.
57
00:04:55,457 --> 00:04:57,582
(rotary phone dialing)
58
00:05:00,457 --> 00:05:02,332
(line ringing)
59
00:05:03,040 --> 00:05:05,666
-Iodine.
-Could it be
a waste dump?
60
00:05:05,749 --> 00:05:07,123
Khomyuk:
No.
61
00:05:07,207 --> 00:05:09,582
We'd be seeing
other isotopes.
62
00:05:09,666 --> 00:05:12,749
Nuclear test?
Uh, new kind of bomb?
63
00:05:12,832 --> 00:05:16,165
We'd have heard. That's what
half our people work on here.
64
00:05:17,624 --> 00:05:22,374
Something with
the space program
like a satellite or...?
65
00:05:22,457 --> 00:05:24,165
(line ringing)
66
00:05:24,248 --> 00:05:26,374
No one's answering the phone.
67
00:05:28,123 --> 00:05:31,248
(line ringing)
68
00:05:34,582 --> 00:05:37,207
♪ ♪
69
00:05:37,290 --> 00:05:38,457
(ringing continues)
70
00:05:38,540 --> 00:05:40,624
(sirens wailing)
71
00:05:46,499 --> 00:05:49,207
-Zinchenko: Get everyone
started on an IV.
-We don't have enough.
72
00:05:49,290 --> 00:05:51,290
-All the children then.
-But we don't have enough!
73
00:05:51,374 --> 00:05:52,791
As many as you can.
74
00:05:52,874 --> 00:05:56,582
-Zinchenko: Where's the old man?
-He's set up a burn ward in 16.
75
00:05:57,165 --> 00:06:00,540
(noisy chattering)
76
00:06:10,248 --> 00:06:11,832
What are you doing?
What is that?
77
00:06:11,916 --> 00:06:14,040
Milk. It's milk.
Much better than water.
78
00:06:14,123 --> 00:06:15,624
No, no, no.
Stop. Stop!
79
00:06:15,707 --> 00:06:18,207
-What are you doing?
-These are radiation burns!
80
00:06:18,290 --> 00:06:20,499
Their clothes are contaminated!
81
00:06:20,582 --> 00:06:22,082
Help me!
82
00:06:23,207 --> 00:06:24,666
Get it all off.
83
00:06:24,749 --> 00:06:25,832
(moaning)
84
00:06:25,916 --> 00:06:27,957
We're taking it
down to the basement.
85
00:06:30,874 --> 00:06:32,499
He was a firefighter
from Chernobyl.
86
00:06:32,582 --> 00:06:34,123
Can you stop pushing,
please?
87
00:06:34,207 --> 00:06:36,040
(muffled shouting)
88
00:06:36,123 --> 00:06:39,582
-(crowd shouting)
-Soldier: We have our orders!
89
00:06:39,666 --> 00:06:42,207
-Disperse!
-Hey, there! Get him!
90
00:06:42,290 --> 00:06:44,207
(Lyudmilla shouts indistinctly)
91
00:06:44,290 --> 00:06:46,707
Woman: Why you
keeping us out here?
92
00:06:46,791 --> 00:06:48,916
(clamoring)
93
00:06:50,374 --> 00:06:52,290
(clamoring)
94
00:06:55,457 --> 00:06:57,499
♪ ♪
95
00:07:40,707 --> 00:07:42,624
(door opens, closes)
96
00:07:42,707 --> 00:07:44,457
Professor Legasov?
97
00:07:44,540 --> 00:07:46,165
Oh, no, not yet.
98
00:07:46,248 --> 00:07:48,582
They're finishing up
some other business.
It'll be a few more minutes.
99
00:07:48,666 --> 00:07:51,415
-Can I get you some tea?
-No, I'm fine. Thank you.
100
00:07:51,499 --> 00:07:54,290
Would you care to read
Deputy Chairman Shcherbina's
report while you wait?
101
00:07:54,374 --> 00:07:56,165
Certainly. Thank you.
102
00:08:00,207 --> 00:08:03,207
(door opens, closes)
103
00:08:23,832 --> 00:08:25,916
(paper rustles)
104
00:08:29,415 --> 00:08:32,457
♪ ♪
105
00:08:35,207 --> 00:08:37,248
(pages rustling)
106
00:08:48,540 --> 00:08:50,582
♪ ♪
107
00:08:53,415 --> 00:08:55,082
(door opens)
108
00:08:55,666 --> 00:08:57,749
Kremlin Aide:
All right, Professor.
They're ready.
109
00:08:58,998 --> 00:09:00,791
Professor Legasov?
110
00:09:09,332 --> 00:09:11,457
♪ ♪
111
00:09:25,916 --> 00:09:28,123
Gorbachev:
You have my support.
112
00:09:34,457 --> 00:09:36,374
Gorbachev:
Thank you all for your
duty to this commission.
113
00:09:36,457 --> 00:09:39,540
We will begin with Deputy
Chairman Shcherbina's briefing,
114
00:09:39,624 --> 00:09:43,248
and then we will discuss
next steps if necessary.
115
00:09:43,332 --> 00:09:45,207
Thank you,
comrade General Secretary.
116
00:09:45,290 --> 00:09:49,415
I'm pleased to report
that the situation
in Chernobyl is stable.
117
00:09:49,499 --> 00:09:52,874
Military and civilian patrols
have secured the region,
118
00:09:52,957 --> 00:09:55,123
and Colonel General Pikalov,
119
00:09:55,207 --> 00:09:58,040
who commands troops specializing
in chemical hazards,
120
00:09:58,123 --> 00:10:00,165
has been dispatched
to the plant.
121
00:10:00,248 --> 00:10:02,791
In terms of radiation,
plant director Bryukhanov
122
00:10:02,874 --> 00:10:06,207
reports no more
than 3.6 roentgen.
123
00:10:06,290 --> 00:10:08,582
I'm told it's the equivalent
of a chest X-ray.
124
00:10:08,666 --> 00:10:11,749
So if you're overdue
for a check-up...
125
00:10:11,832 --> 00:10:14,540
-And foreign press?
-Totally unaware.
126
00:10:14,624 --> 00:10:17,248
KGB First Deputy Chairman
Charkov assures me
127
00:10:17,332 --> 00:10:20,415
that we have successfully
protected our security
interests.
128
00:10:20,499 --> 00:10:22,874
Gorbachev:
Good. Very good.
129
00:10:22,957 --> 00:10:25,540
Well, it seems like
it's well in hand, so...
130
00:10:26,707 --> 00:10:29,582
if there's nothing else,
meeting adjourned.
131
00:10:30,540 --> 00:10:32,374
-No!
-(pounds table)
132
00:10:34,040 --> 00:10:36,165
Pardon me?
133
00:10:36,248 --> 00:10:38,582
Uh, we can't adjourn.
134
00:10:38,666 --> 00:10:41,040
This is Professor Legasov
of the Kurchatov Institute.
135
00:10:41,123 --> 00:10:42,998
Professor, if you have
any concerns,
136
00:10:43,082 --> 00:10:45,082
feel free to address
them with me later.
137
00:10:45,165 --> 00:10:48,998
I can't. I am sorry.
I'm so sorry.
138
00:10:49,082 --> 00:10:52,123
Page three,
the section on casualties.
139
00:10:52,207 --> 00:10:53,332
Uh...
140
00:10:53,415 --> 00:10:56,248
"A fireman was severely
burned on his hand
141
00:10:56,332 --> 00:10:58,707
"by a chunk of smooth,
black mineral
142
00:10:58,791 --> 00:11:01,123
on the ground, outside
the reactor building."
143
00:11:01,207 --> 00:11:03,290
Smooth, black mineral--
graphite.
144
00:11:03,374 --> 00:11:06,082
There's-There's graphite
on the ground.
145
00:11:08,248 --> 00:11:11,332
Well, there was a...
a tank explosion.
There's debris.
146
00:11:11,415 --> 00:11:14,290
-Of what importance--?
-There's only one place
in the entire facility
147
00:11:14,374 --> 00:11:17,582
where you will find graphite:
inside the core.
148
00:11:17,666 --> 00:11:19,332
If there's graphite
on the ground outside,
149
00:11:19,415 --> 00:11:21,624
it means it wasn't
a control system tank
that exploded.
150
00:11:21,707 --> 00:11:24,207
It was the reactor core.
It's open! (inhales)
151
00:11:27,415 --> 00:11:29,998
Um, Comrade Shcherbina?
152
00:11:30,082 --> 00:11:32,248
Comrade General Secretary,
I can assure you
153
00:11:32,332 --> 00:11:34,040
that Professor Legasov
is mistaken.
154
00:11:34,123 --> 00:11:36,499
Bryukhanov reports that
the reactor core is intact.
155
00:11:36,582 --> 00:11:38,998
-And as for the radiation--
-Yes, 3.6 roentgen,
156
00:11:39,082 --> 00:11:41,749
which, by the way,
is not the equivalent
of one chest X-ray,
157
00:11:41,832 --> 00:11:44,082
but rather 400 chest X-rays.
158
00:11:44,165 --> 00:11:46,415
That number's been bothering me
for a different reason, though.
159
00:11:46,499 --> 00:11:50,457
It's also the maximum reading
on low-limit dosimeters.
160
00:11:50,540 --> 00:11:53,290
They gave us
the number they had.
161
00:11:53,374 --> 00:11:56,123
I think the true number
is much, much higher.
162
00:11:56,207 --> 00:11:58,916
If I'm right, this fireman
was holding the equivalent
163
00:11:58,998 --> 00:12:01,040
of four million
chest X-rays in his hand.
164
00:12:01,123 --> 00:12:03,499
Professor Legasov,
there's no place
for alarmist hysteria--
165
00:12:03,582 --> 00:12:05,540
It's not alarmist
if it's a fact!
166
00:12:05,624 --> 00:12:08,916
Well, I don't hear
any facts at all.
167
00:12:08,998 --> 00:12:11,540
All I hear is
a man I don't know
168
00:12:11,624 --> 00:12:14,707
engaging in conjecture
in direct contradiction
169
00:12:14,791 --> 00:12:16,916
to what has been reported
by party officials.
170
00:12:16,998 --> 00:12:20,374
I'm, uh...
I apologize.
171
00:12:20,457 --> 00:12:22,874
I didn't mean, uh...
172
00:12:22,957 --> 00:12:26,582
(clears throat)
Please, may I express my concern
173
00:12:26,666 --> 00:12:29,666
as calmly and as
respectfully as I--
174
00:12:29,749 --> 00:12:32,832
-Professor Legasov--
-Gorbachev: Boris.
175
00:12:33,874 --> 00:12:35,707
I will allow it.
176
00:12:44,749 --> 00:12:46,666
Legasov:
Um...
177
00:12:48,165 --> 00:12:50,957
An RBMK reactor
178
00:12:51,040 --> 00:12:55,248
uses uranium 235 as fuel.
179
00:12:55,332 --> 00:13:00,123
Every atom of U-235
is like a bullet
180
00:13:00,207 --> 00:13:02,332
traveling at nearly
the speed of light,
181
00:13:02,415 --> 00:13:04,916
penetrating everything
in its path:
182
00:13:04,998 --> 00:13:08,123
woods, metal, concrete, flesh.
183
00:13:08,207 --> 00:13:11,290
Every gram of U-235 holds
184
00:13:11,374 --> 00:13:14,248
over a billion trillion
of these bullets.
185
00:13:14,332 --> 00:13:15,791
That's in one gram.
186
00:13:15,874 --> 00:13:19,165
Now, Chernobyl holds
over three million grams,
187
00:13:19,248 --> 00:13:21,874
and right now, it is on fire.
188
00:13:21,957 --> 00:13:26,290
Winds will carry
radioactive particles
across the entire continent,
189
00:13:26,374 --> 00:13:28,290
rain will bring them down on us.
190
00:13:28,374 --> 00:13:31,457
That's three million
billion trillion bullets
191
00:13:31,540 --> 00:13:35,499
in the... in the air we breathe,
192
00:13:35,582 --> 00:13:38,832
the water we drink,
the food we eat.
193
00:13:40,499 --> 00:13:44,832
Most of these bullets
will not stop firing
for 100 years.
194
00:13:44,916 --> 00:13:48,207
Some of them,
not for 50,000 years.
195
00:13:48,290 --> 00:13:51,998
Yes, and, uh, this concern
196
00:13:52,082 --> 00:13:56,248
stems entirely from
the description of a rock?
197
00:14:00,540 --> 00:14:01,916
Yes.
198
00:14:04,248 --> 00:14:05,540
Hmm.
199
00:14:08,624 --> 00:14:10,415
Comrade Shcherbina...
200
00:14:11,457 --> 00:14:13,791
I want you to go to Chernobyl.
201
00:14:13,874 --> 00:14:15,998
You take a look
at the reactor,
you personally,
202
00:14:16,082 --> 00:14:17,916
and you report
directly back to me.
203
00:14:17,998 --> 00:14:20,207
A wise decision,
comrade General Secretary--
204
00:14:20,290 --> 00:14:22,874
Gorbachev:
And take Professor
Legasov with you.
205
00:14:23,749 --> 00:14:25,082
Shcherbina:
Uh... (chuckles)
206
00:14:25,165 --> 00:14:28,290
Forgive me, comrade
General Secretary, but I--
207
00:14:28,374 --> 00:14:30,749
Do you know how
a nuclear reactor works?
208
00:14:32,791 --> 00:14:34,165
-No.
-Gorbachev: No.
209
00:14:34,248 --> 00:14:37,374
Well, then how will you know
what you're looking at?
210
00:14:37,457 --> 00:14:39,499
Meeting adjourned.
211
00:14:53,290 --> 00:14:57,874
♪ ♪
212
00:14:57,957 --> 00:15:00,123
(helicopter blades whupping)
213
00:15:31,874 --> 00:15:33,998
♪ ♪
214
00:15:38,540 --> 00:15:40,123
How does a nuclear reactor work?
215
00:15:40,207 --> 00:15:43,165
-What?
-Shcherbina:
It's a simple question.
216
00:15:44,499 --> 00:15:46,332
It's hardly
a simple answer.
217
00:15:46,415 --> 00:15:50,332
Of course, you presume
I'm too stupid to understand.
218
00:15:50,415 --> 00:15:53,707
So I'll restate: Tell me
how a nuclear reactor works,
219
00:15:53,791 --> 00:15:56,666
or I'll have one of these
soldiers throw you out
of the helicopter.
220
00:16:06,791 --> 00:16:10,624
A nuclear reactor makes
electricity with steam.
221
00:16:10,707 --> 00:16:14,248
The steam turns a turbine
which generates electricity.
222
00:16:14,332 --> 00:16:16,290
Where a typical power plant
223
00:16:16,374 --> 00:16:18,248
makes steam by burning coal,
224
00:16:18,332 --> 00:16:20,666
a nuclear plant...
225
00:16:25,832 --> 00:16:30,415
In a nuclear plant, we use
something called fission.
226
00:16:30,499 --> 00:16:36,457
We take an unstable element
like uranium 235,
227
00:16:36,540 --> 00:16:38,499
which has too many neutrons.
228
00:16:38,582 --> 00:16:41,415
-A neutron is, uh--
-The bullet.
229
00:16:43,415 --> 00:16:45,207
Yes, the bullet.
230
00:16:46,040 --> 00:16:48,874
So, bullets are flying
off of the uranium.
231
00:16:48,957 --> 00:16:50,290
Now...
232
00:16:50,374 --> 00:16:55,207
if we put enough
uranium atoms close together,
233
00:16:55,290 --> 00:16:59,666
the bullets from one atom will
eventually strike another atom.
234
00:16:59,749 --> 00:17:02,832
The force of this impact
splits that atom apart,
235
00:17:02,916 --> 00:17:06,207
releasing a tremendous
amount of energy, fission.
236
00:17:06,290 --> 00:17:09,040
-And the graphite?
-Ah, yes.
237
00:17:09,123 --> 00:17:12,998
The neutrons are
actually traveling so fast--
we call this "flux"--
238
00:17:13,082 --> 00:17:17,874
it's relatively unlikely
that the uranium atoms
will ever hit one another.
239
00:17:17,957 --> 00:17:22,916
In RBMK reactors, we surround
the fuel rods with graphite
240
00:17:22,998 --> 00:17:27,998
to moderate, slow down,
the neutron flux.
241
00:17:31,457 --> 00:17:33,165
Good.
242
00:17:33,248 --> 00:17:36,290
I know how
a nuclear reactor works.
243
00:17:37,832 --> 00:17:40,290
Now I don't need you.
244
00:17:42,916 --> 00:17:45,082
(helicopter blades womping)
245
00:17:49,415 --> 00:17:52,290
(noisy chattering)
246
00:17:56,791 --> 00:17:58,582
(voices clamoring)
247
00:17:58,666 --> 00:18:02,248
-Can you help me?
I need to find my husband.
-No. Not now.
248
00:18:06,207 --> 00:18:07,707
-Mikhail!
-Lyudmilla.
249
00:18:07,791 --> 00:18:09,374
-(infant screaming)
-Take her.
250
00:18:09,457 --> 00:18:11,290
Take her away
from here, please.
251
00:18:11,374 --> 00:18:13,998
-Get away from them!
You want to get sick? Go!
-Mikhail: Oh my God.
252
00:18:14,082 --> 00:18:15,415
Please take her,
please take her.
253
00:18:15,499 --> 00:18:17,248
-(infant screaming)
-Please take her, please.
254
00:18:17,332 --> 00:18:19,707
Please! Please!
255
00:18:19,791 --> 00:18:21,499
Please take her!
256
00:18:26,832 --> 00:18:29,540
Excuse me, I am
Vasily Ignatenko's wife.
257
00:18:29,624 --> 00:18:32,916
He's a fireman.
Ignatenko.
258
00:18:32,998 --> 00:18:36,499
Ignatenko, Sixth Paramilitary
Fire and Rescue Unit.
259
00:18:36,582 --> 00:18:39,499
I need to find him. Please.
260
00:18:42,624 --> 00:18:44,207
Major Burov:
Ignatenko...
261
00:18:44,290 --> 00:18:46,791
He's being transported
by helicopter to Moscow.
262
00:18:46,874 --> 00:18:48,666
Hospital number six.
263
00:18:48,749 --> 00:18:50,874
Why, is he all right?
Can I see him?
264
00:18:50,957 --> 00:18:52,457
You want to see him?
Go to Moscow.
265
00:18:52,540 --> 00:18:54,832
But they're not
letting us leave here.
266
00:18:57,374 --> 00:18:59,666
Tell them Major Burov
allows it.
267
00:19:01,207 --> 00:19:04,207
-Oh. When are
they taking him?
-Now.
268
00:19:06,707 --> 00:19:09,666
(helicopter blades whupping)
269
00:19:29,791 --> 00:19:31,916
♪ ♪
270
00:19:34,998 --> 00:19:37,040
Pilot:
We're approaching
the power plant.
271
00:19:42,916 --> 00:19:44,874
Legasov (mutters):
What have they done?
272
00:19:45,957 --> 00:19:47,998
Can you see inside?
273
00:19:48,082 --> 00:19:50,916
I don't have to. Look.
274
00:19:50,998 --> 00:19:52,916
That's graphite
on the roof.
275
00:19:52,998 --> 00:19:55,332
The whole building's
been blown open.
276
00:19:55,415 --> 00:19:56,666
The core's exposed!
277
00:19:56,749 --> 00:19:58,666
I can't see how you can
tell that from here.
278
00:19:58,749 --> 00:20:00,165
Oh, for God's sakes.
279
00:20:00,248 --> 00:20:01,666
Look at that glow!
280
00:20:01,749 --> 00:20:04,415
That's radiation
ionizing the air!
281
00:20:04,499 --> 00:20:06,123
Well, if we can't see,
we don't know.
282
00:20:06,207 --> 00:20:07,832
Get us directly
over the building!
283
00:20:07,957 --> 00:20:09,540
-Boris, if we fly...
-Don't you use my name!
284
00:20:09,624 --> 00:20:11,916
...directly over
an open reactor,
we'll be dead within a week!
285
00:20:11,998 --> 00:20:13,457
Dead!
286
00:20:14,415 --> 00:20:15,624
Pilot:
Sir?
287
00:20:15,707 --> 00:20:18,791
Get us over that building,
or I'll have you shot!
288
00:20:19,457 --> 00:20:21,624
(indistinct radio transmission)
289
00:20:22,457 --> 00:20:24,499
If you fly directly over
that core, I promise you,
290
00:20:24,582 --> 00:20:27,332
by tomorrow morning,
you'll be begging
for that bullet.
291
00:20:34,332 --> 00:20:35,916
(grunts)
292
00:21:11,290 --> 00:21:14,791
(muffled chatter, laughter)
293
00:21:15,332 --> 00:21:17,540
Perhaps if you came
back another day.
294
00:21:22,540 --> 00:21:24,916
Just wonderful.
295
00:21:24,998 --> 00:21:27,415
Khomyuk:
Deputy Secretary Garanin.
296
00:21:27,499 --> 00:21:31,666
Ulana Khomyuk
of the Byelorussian
Institute for Nuclear Energy.
297
00:21:31,749 --> 00:21:33,082
What a pleasure.
298
00:21:33,165 --> 00:21:36,040
-Let me introduce--
-I'm here about Chernobyl.
299
00:21:38,040 --> 00:21:39,457
Such a lovely time.
300
00:21:39,540 --> 00:21:42,874
-Visit again soon.
-Chulkov: I will. Thank you.
301
00:21:55,040 --> 00:21:57,998
Garanin:
I must tell you, this is
why no one likes scientists.
302
00:21:58,082 --> 00:22:00,832
When we have a disease
to cure, where are they?
303
00:22:00,916 --> 00:22:04,624
In a lab, noses in their books,
and so Grandma dies.
304
00:22:04,707 --> 00:22:05,998
But when there isn't
a problem,
305
00:22:06,082 --> 00:22:07,540
they're everywhere,
spreading fear.
306
00:22:07,624 --> 00:22:09,998
-I know about Chernobyl.
-Oh?
307
00:22:10,082 --> 00:22:12,957
I know that the core is either
partially or completely exposed.
308
00:22:13,040 --> 00:22:15,457
-Whatever that means.
-And that if you
don't immediately
309
00:22:15,540 --> 00:22:18,290
issue iodine tablets
and then evacuate this city,
310
00:22:18,374 --> 00:22:20,998
hundreds of thousands of people
are going to get cancer,
311
00:22:21,082 --> 00:22:23,415
and God knows
how many more will die.
312
00:22:23,499 --> 00:22:25,207
Yes, very good.
313
00:22:25,290 --> 00:22:27,332
There has been
an accident at Chernobyl,
314
00:22:27,415 --> 00:22:29,540
but I've been assured
there is no problem.
315
00:22:29,624 --> 00:22:31,540
I'm telling you
that there is.
316
00:22:31,624 --> 00:22:33,582
I prefer my opinion to yours.
317
00:22:33,666 --> 00:22:36,957
I'm a nuclear physicist.
318
00:22:37,040 --> 00:22:38,624
Before you were
Deputy Secretary,
319
00:22:38,707 --> 00:22:40,374
you worked
in a shoe factory.
320
00:22:41,499 --> 00:22:45,082
Yes, I worked
in a shoe factory.
321
00:22:46,123 --> 00:22:48,248
And now I'm in charge.
322
00:22:50,415 --> 00:22:53,248
"To the workers of the world."
323
00:23:14,957 --> 00:23:17,499
Stable iodine will keep
your thyroid
324
00:23:17,582 --> 00:23:19,957
from absorbing
radioactive iodine.
325
00:23:21,123 --> 00:23:23,916
Take one a day
for as long as they last.
326
00:23:23,998 --> 00:23:25,707
And go east.
327
00:23:25,791 --> 00:23:28,248
Get as far from Minsk
as you can.
328
00:24:01,832 --> 00:24:03,499
Fomin:
It's overkill.
329
00:24:03,582 --> 00:24:05,499
Pikalov's showing off
to make us look bad.
330
00:24:05,582 --> 00:24:08,624
Bryukhanov:
It doesn't matter
how it looks.
331
00:24:08,707 --> 00:24:10,998
Shcherbina is
a pure bureaucrat,
332
00:24:11,082 --> 00:24:13,082
as stupid as
he is pigheaded.
333
00:24:13,165 --> 00:24:15,499
We'll tell him the truth in
the simplest terms possible.
334
00:24:15,582 --> 00:24:17,290
We'll be fine.
335
00:24:20,832 --> 00:24:22,374
Pikarov!
336
00:24:47,707 --> 00:24:50,582
Comrade Shcherbina,
Chief Engineer Fomin,
337
00:24:50,666 --> 00:24:52,624
Colonel General Pikalov, and I
338
00:24:52,707 --> 00:24:53,957
are honored
at your arrival.
339
00:24:54,040 --> 00:24:55,290
Deeply, deeply honored.
340
00:24:55,374 --> 00:24:58,332
Naturally, we regret
the circumstances of your visit,
341
00:24:58,415 --> 00:25:00,582
but, as you can see, we are
making excellent progress
342
00:25:00,666 --> 00:25:02,207
in containing the damage.
343
00:25:02,290 --> 00:25:07,457
We have begun our own inquiry
into the cause of the accident,
344
00:25:07,540 --> 00:25:10,540
and I have a list of individuals
345
00:25:10,624 --> 00:25:13,415
who we believe are accountable.
346
00:25:35,457 --> 00:25:36,957
Bryukhanov:
Professor Legasov,
I understand
347
00:25:37,040 --> 00:25:39,374
you've been saying
dangerous things.
348
00:25:39,457 --> 00:25:41,248
Fomin:
Very dangerous things.
349
00:25:41,332 --> 00:25:43,666
Apparently,
our reactor core exploded.
350
00:25:44,332 --> 00:25:48,582
Please, tell me how an RBMK
reactor core explodes.
351
00:25:50,457 --> 00:25:52,791
I'm not prepared to explain it
at this time.
352
00:25:52,874 --> 00:25:55,749
As I presumed,
he has no answer.
353
00:25:55,832 --> 00:25:58,332
It's disgraceful, really.
354
00:25:58,415 --> 00:26:01,916
To spread disinformation
at a time like this.
355
00:26:07,957 --> 00:26:10,666
Why did I see graphite
on the roof?
356
00:26:10,749 --> 00:26:12,874
Graphite is only
found in the core,
357
00:26:12,957 --> 00:26:16,415
where it's used as
a neutron flux moderator.
358
00:26:16,499 --> 00:26:17,916
Correct?
359
00:26:18,874 --> 00:26:22,332
Fomin, why did
the Deputy Chairman
see graphite on the roof?
360
00:26:23,582 --> 00:26:25,374
Well, that... that can't be.
361
00:26:26,248 --> 00:26:28,916
Comrade Shcherbina,
my apologies, but graphite...
362
00:26:28,998 --> 00:26:30,207
that's not possible.
363
00:26:30,290 --> 00:26:32,540
Perhaps you saw
burnt concrete.
364
00:26:32,624 --> 00:26:34,415
Now there you made a mistake,
365
00:26:34,499 --> 00:26:37,123
because I may not know much
about nuclear reactors,
366
00:26:37,207 --> 00:26:38,832
but I know a lot
about concrete.
367
00:26:39,666 --> 00:26:42,165
-Comrade, I assure you--
-I understand.
368
00:26:42,998 --> 00:26:45,624
You think Legasov is wrong.
369
00:26:45,707 --> 00:26:47,666
How shall we prove it?
370
00:26:48,957 --> 00:26:52,207
Our high-range dosimeter
just arrived.
371
00:26:52,290 --> 00:26:55,248
We could cover one of our
trucks with lead shielding,
372
00:26:55,332 --> 00:26:57,666
mount the dosimeter
on the front.
373
00:27:03,457 --> 00:27:06,666
Have one of your men
get as close to the fire
as he can.
374
00:27:06,749 --> 00:27:08,415
Give him every bit
of protection you have.
375
00:27:08,499 --> 00:27:10,791
But understand that
even with lead shielding,
376
00:27:10,874 --> 00:27:12,874
it may not be enough.
377
00:27:14,707 --> 00:27:16,582
Then I'll do it myself.
378
00:27:21,248 --> 00:27:23,207
Good.
379
00:27:27,749 --> 00:27:30,415
♪ ♪
380
00:28:00,123 --> 00:28:02,207
(tires screech)
381
00:28:05,123 --> 00:28:07,415
(engine revving)
382
00:28:26,707 --> 00:28:28,832
(chains shattering)
383
00:28:47,916 --> 00:28:49,957
♪ ♪
384
00:28:55,415 --> 00:28:57,457
♪ ♪
385
00:29:20,998 --> 00:29:22,832
He's back.
386
00:29:51,749 --> 00:29:53,957
It's not three roentgen.
387
00:29:54,040 --> 00:29:55,791
It's 15,000.
388
00:29:55,874 --> 00:29:58,540
Bryukhanov:
Comrade Shcherbina--
389
00:29:58,624 --> 00:30:00,082
What does that number mean?
390
00:30:00,165 --> 00:30:02,332
It means the core is open.
391
00:30:02,415 --> 00:30:04,874
It means the fire we're
watching with our own eyes
392
00:30:04,957 --> 00:30:06,457
is giving off nearly
twice the radiation
393
00:30:06,540 --> 00:30:08,374
released by the bomb
in Hiroshima.
394
00:30:08,457 --> 00:30:10,248
And that's every
single hour.
395
00:30:10,332 --> 00:30:13,415
Hour after hour, 20 hours
since the explosion,
396
00:30:13,499 --> 00:30:14,957
so 40 bombs worth by now.
397
00:30:15,040 --> 00:30:16,374
Forty-eight more tomorrow.
398
00:30:16,457 --> 00:30:19,290
And it will not stop.
Not in a week, not in a month.
399
00:30:19,374 --> 00:30:20,874
It will burn
and spread its poison
400
00:30:20,957 --> 00:30:23,666
until the entire
continent is dead.
401
00:30:26,791 --> 00:30:29,040
Please escort Comrades
Bryukhanov and Fomin
402
00:30:29,123 --> 00:30:31,457
to the local
party headquarters.
403
00:30:31,540 --> 00:30:33,082
-Thank you
for your service.
-Comrade--
404
00:30:33,165 --> 00:30:34,540
You're excused.
405
00:30:35,582 --> 00:30:37,374
Dyatlov was in charge.
406
00:30:38,248 --> 00:30:40,123
It was Dyatlov!
407
00:30:40,207 --> 00:30:42,832
-Tell me how to put it out.
-We'll use helicopters.
408
00:30:42,916 --> 00:30:45,666
-We'll drop water on it
like a forest fire.
-No, no. You don't understand.
409
00:30:45,749 --> 00:30:48,040
This isn't a fire.
410
00:30:48,123 --> 00:30:49,957
This is a fissioning
reactor core
411
00:30:50,040 --> 00:30:52,332
burning at over
2,000 degrees.
412
00:30:52,415 --> 00:30:53,998
The heat will instantly
vaporize the water--
413
00:30:54,082 --> 00:30:57,248
-How do we put it out?
-(sighs)
414
00:30:58,457 --> 00:31:00,415
You are dealing
with something
415
00:31:00,499 --> 00:31:04,957
that has never occurred
on this planet before.
416
00:31:06,916 --> 00:31:08,457
Boron.
417
00:31:09,832 --> 00:31:11,832
Boron and sand.
418
00:31:11,916 --> 00:31:14,540
Well, that'll create
problems of its own,
419
00:31:14,624 --> 00:31:16,707
but I-I don't see
any other way.
420
00:31:16,791 --> 00:31:18,874
Of course, it's going to take
thousands of drops,
421
00:31:18,957 --> 00:31:21,540
because you can't fly
the helicopters directly
over the core,
422
00:31:21,624 --> 00:31:22,998
so most of it
is going to miss.
423
00:31:23,082 --> 00:31:25,207
-How much sand and boron?
-(scoffs) Well, I can't be--
424
00:31:25,290 --> 00:31:29,207
-For God's sake, roughly!
-Five thousand tons.
425
00:31:29,290 --> 00:31:32,165
And obviously,
we're going to need
to evacuate an enormous area--
426
00:31:32,248 --> 00:31:34,165
Never mind that.
Focus on the fire.
427
00:31:34,248 --> 00:31:36,998
I am focusing
on the fire.
428
00:31:37,082 --> 00:31:41,207
The wind, it's carrying
all that smoke,
429
00:31:41,290 --> 00:31:43,040
all that radiation.
430
00:31:43,123 --> 00:31:46,123
At least evacuate Pripyat.
It's three kilometers away.
431
00:31:46,207 --> 00:31:48,123
-That's my decision to make.
-Then make it.
432
00:31:48,207 --> 00:31:50,874
-I've been told not to.
-Is it or is not--
433
00:31:50,957 --> 00:31:52,749
I'm in charge here!
434
00:31:52,832 --> 00:31:54,499
This will go much easier
if you talk to me
435
00:31:54,582 --> 00:31:55,832
about the things
you do understand
436
00:31:55,916 --> 00:31:58,666
and not about the things
you do not understand.
437
00:32:02,415 --> 00:32:03,916
Where are you going?
438
00:32:03,998 --> 00:32:07,832
Shcherbina:
I'm going to get you
5,000 tons of sand and boron.
439
00:32:15,707 --> 00:32:17,832
There's a hotel.
440
00:32:20,499 --> 00:32:22,998
♪ ♪
441
00:32:44,082 --> 00:32:46,207
(phone ringing)
442
00:33:01,582 --> 00:33:03,582
(music playing over speakers)
443
00:33:10,374 --> 00:33:12,832
(woman chattering
indistinctly)
444
00:33:13,624 --> 00:33:15,707
I'd prefer one of those.
445
00:33:23,749 --> 00:33:25,582
Woman:
Superstitious?
446
00:33:34,415 --> 00:33:36,248
Moscow?
447
00:33:39,707 --> 00:33:42,082
Are you here
because of the fire?
448
00:33:46,374 --> 00:33:48,916
Anything we should
be worried about?
449
00:33:52,916 --> 00:33:54,290
(sighs)
450
00:33:54,374 --> 00:33:55,957
No.
451
00:34:02,916 --> 00:34:04,290
(glass taps bar twice)
452
00:34:06,457 --> 00:34:07,957
Ah.
453
00:34:20,957 --> 00:34:23,791
(wind blowing)
454
00:34:37,165 --> 00:34:40,415
(trees rustling)
455
00:34:44,666 --> 00:34:46,998
(helicopters whupping)
456
00:34:54,040 --> 00:34:56,207
(indistinct radio transmissions)
457
00:35:00,374 --> 00:35:03,040
Pilot (over radio):
We're in position.
Approaching drop.
458
00:35:04,165 --> 00:35:06,290
Stasiuk: (over radio):
Clear to proceed.
459
00:35:07,666 --> 00:35:10,874
Pilot:
Copy. We'll go
one by one in rotation.
460
00:35:16,040 --> 00:35:18,165
Remind them about the perimeter.
461
00:35:21,666 --> 00:35:23,832
They cannot fly directly
over the fire.
462
00:35:23,916 --> 00:35:26,123
A minimum of
a ten-meter perimeter.
463
00:35:26,207 --> 00:35:27,624
Pilot:
Ten meter perimeter. Copy.
464
00:35:27,707 --> 00:35:29,248
Lead One, per pre-flight:
465
00:35:29,332 --> 00:35:32,040
maintain minimum
ten-meter perimeter.
466
00:35:32,123 --> 00:35:33,207
Lead One:
Copy that.
467
00:35:33,290 --> 00:35:35,957
Forty meters... 35...
468
00:35:36,040 --> 00:35:37,290
30...
469
00:35:37,374 --> 00:35:39,540
(radio static crackling)
470
00:35:40,916 --> 00:35:43,123
No, no, no!
They're too close!
471
00:35:43,207 --> 00:35:44,998
They can't get over the fire.
How are they supposed--
472
00:35:45,082 --> 00:35:46,957
The wind will have to carry it.
473
00:35:47,040 --> 00:35:49,916
Tell them, they cannot
go over the core.
474
00:35:52,332 --> 00:35:53,582
Stasiuk:
Lead One is too close.
475
00:35:53,666 --> 00:35:55,540
I repeat,
they are too close.
476
00:35:56,207 --> 00:35:58,040
Pilot:
Copy.
477
00:35:58,123 --> 00:36:00,957
Lead One, you are
inside the perimeter.
478
00:36:01,040 --> 00:36:04,165
Lead One:
Did not copy.
Signal's breaking up.
479
00:36:04,248 --> 00:36:06,582
(radio static crackling)
480
00:36:06,666 --> 00:36:09,082
Pilot:
Lead One?
481
00:36:09,165 --> 00:36:10,749
Do you copy?
482
00:36:10,832 --> 00:36:12,749
Lead One, do you copy?
483
00:36:12,832 --> 00:36:14,957
Lead One, come in.
484
00:36:15,040 --> 00:36:16,832
Do you copy, Lead One?
485
00:36:16,916 --> 00:36:18,624
Lead One!
486
00:36:20,165 --> 00:36:22,749
(helicopter engine whines)
487
00:36:24,082 --> 00:36:26,123
♪ ♪
488
00:36:30,248 --> 00:36:32,374
♪ ♪
489
00:36:36,457 --> 00:36:39,123
Stasiuk:
Sir? What do
I tell the others?
490
00:36:41,457 --> 00:36:43,332
Is there any other way, Legasov?
491
00:36:43,415 --> 00:36:46,832
(distant helicopters thrumming)
492
00:36:46,916 --> 00:36:48,957
♪ ♪
493
00:36:51,957 --> 00:36:53,832
Send the next one in.
494
00:36:55,248 --> 00:36:57,290
Tell them to approach
from the west.
495
00:36:58,374 --> 00:37:01,499
Stasiuk:
Lead Two, approach
from the west.
496
00:37:11,666 --> 00:37:13,791
♪ ♪
497
00:37:20,082 --> 00:37:22,207
(phone ringing)
498
00:37:22,290 --> 00:37:24,916
Marina:
Kurchatov Institute
Laboratory Four.
499
00:37:24,998 --> 00:37:29,457
(over phone):
Marina Gruzinskaya,
it's Ulana Khomyuk from Minsk.
500
00:37:31,666 --> 00:37:34,248
Oh, yes, how nice
of you to phone.
501
00:37:34,332 --> 00:37:36,248
-It's been too long.
- It has.
502
00:37:36,332 --> 00:37:38,916
I was actually calling
about our friend.
503
00:37:38,998 --> 00:37:41,248
-You know,
the one in the country.
- Oh, yes, of course.
504
00:37:41,332 --> 00:37:45,082
I wanted to see how he's doing.
It's so hot there right now.
505
00:37:45,165 --> 00:37:47,582
Yes, it's extremely hot,
506
00:37:47,666 --> 00:37:48,998
but his nephews are flying down,
507
00:37:49,082 --> 00:37:51,082
and they always
bring cool weather.
508
00:37:51,165 --> 00:37:52,791
Oh? Which nephews?
509
00:37:53,540 --> 00:37:57,582
Simka, who's 14,
and little Boris, who's five.
510
00:37:57,666 --> 00:37:58,874
Well, that's wonderful.
511
00:37:58,957 --> 00:38:00,749
Though children can
make you even hotter
512
00:38:00,832 --> 00:38:02,582
when they're crawling
all over you.
513
00:38:02,666 --> 00:38:04,082
Maybe I should visit them.
514
00:38:04,165 --> 00:38:05,957
No, they don't want visitors.
515
00:38:06,040 --> 00:38:08,332
I'm sorry, um,
I have to get back to work.
516
00:38:08,415 --> 00:38:10,832
It's very busy right now.
Goodbye.
517
00:38:13,666 --> 00:38:16,207
They're dropping sand
and boron on the fire.
518
00:38:17,207 --> 00:38:18,749
It's what I would do.
519
00:38:20,540 --> 00:38:22,248
Yes, I'm sure it is.
520
00:38:44,540 --> 00:38:46,207
Dmitri:
Where are you going?
521
00:38:47,248 --> 00:38:48,707
Chernobyl.
522
00:38:53,499 --> 00:38:56,165
(door opens, closes)
523
00:38:56,248 --> 00:38:59,040
It's been smooth.
Twenty drops.
524
00:38:59,123 --> 00:39:01,290
(distant helicopters thrumming)
525
00:39:05,082 --> 00:39:06,540
What?
526
00:39:09,374 --> 00:39:12,415
There are 50,000 people
in this city.
527
00:39:12,499 --> 00:39:17,123
(sighs)
Professor Ilyin,
who's also on the commission,
528
00:39:17,207 --> 00:39:20,082
says the radiation isn't
high enough to evacuate.
529
00:39:20,165 --> 00:39:21,832
Ilyin isn't a physicist.
530
00:39:21,916 --> 00:39:24,916
Well, he's a medical doctor.
If he says it's safe, it's safe.
531
00:39:24,998 --> 00:39:27,457
-Not if they stay here.
-We're staying here.
532
00:39:27,540 --> 00:39:31,957
Yes, we are, and we'll be dead
in five years.
533
00:39:32,040 --> 00:39:34,290
(distant helicopters thrumming)
534
00:39:39,916 --> 00:39:42,374
I'm sorry, I...
535
00:39:42,457 --> 00:39:43,998
I'm sorry.
536
00:40:05,040 --> 00:40:06,957
(phone rings)
537
00:40:10,332 --> 00:40:12,457
(phone rings)
538
00:40:15,624 --> 00:40:17,998
(phone rings)
539
00:40:20,998 --> 00:40:22,332
(phone rings)
540
00:40:22,415 --> 00:40:23,707
Shcherbina.
541
00:40:24,457 --> 00:40:26,624
(distant helicopters thrumming)
542
00:40:29,040 --> 00:40:31,290
(man speaking indistinctly
over phone)
543
00:40:35,165 --> 00:40:36,499
Thank you.
544
00:40:42,666 --> 00:40:46,540
A nuclear plant in Sweden
has detected radiation
545
00:40:46,624 --> 00:40:49,707
and identified it
as a byproduct of our fuel.
546
00:40:50,832 --> 00:40:53,499
The Americans took
satellite photos.
547
00:40:54,457 --> 00:40:57,749
The reactor building,
the smoke, the fire.
548
00:40:57,832 --> 00:40:59,374
(sighs)
549
00:41:00,457 --> 00:41:02,374
Shcherbina:
The whole world knows.
550
00:41:08,957 --> 00:41:11,540
The wind has been blowing
toward Germany.
551
00:41:12,957 --> 00:41:15,540
They're not letting
children play outside...
552
00:41:17,415 --> 00:41:18,998
in Frankfurt.
553
00:41:21,374 --> 00:41:23,540
(boys chattering outside)
554
00:41:30,624 --> 00:41:32,499
Want a smoke?
555
00:41:47,916 --> 00:41:50,499
Peter Jennings:
There has been a nuclear
accident in the Soviet Union
556
00:41:50,582 --> 00:41:52,332
and the Soviets have
admitted that it happened.
557
00:41:52,415 --> 00:41:53,957
The Soviet version is this:
558
00:41:54,040 --> 00:41:55,457
One of the atomic reactors
559
00:41:55,540 --> 00:41:58,123
at the Chernobyl Atomic Power
Plant near the city of Kiev
560
00:41:58,207 --> 00:42:00,791
was damaged, and there is
speculation in Moscow
561
00:42:00,874 --> 00:42:03,082
that people were injured
and may have died.
562
00:42:03,165 --> 00:42:06,290
The Soviets may have been
fairly quick to acknowledge
the accident
563
00:42:06,374 --> 00:42:09,666
because evidence in the form
of mild nuclear radiation
564
00:42:09,749 --> 00:42:13,791
had already reached
beyond the Soviet borders
to Scandinavia.
565
00:42:46,749 --> 00:42:52,165
(woman announcing
over loudspeaker,
in foreign language)
566
00:42:54,791 --> 00:42:56,957
(announcement continuing)
567
00:43:09,998 --> 00:43:12,457
(announcement continuing)
568
00:43:13,165 --> 00:43:15,207
(alarms blaring)
569
00:43:21,332 --> 00:43:23,499
(announcement continuing)
570
00:43:26,207 --> 00:43:28,332
♪ ♪
571
00:43:44,707 --> 00:43:47,540
(announcement continuing)
572
00:44:01,666 --> 00:44:03,998
♪ ♪
573
00:44:06,540 --> 00:44:08,707
(announcement continuing)
574
00:44:13,540 --> 00:44:15,666
♪ ♪
575
00:44:19,374 --> 00:44:21,499
(girl crying)
576
00:44:22,499 --> 00:44:24,874
(announcement continuing)
577
00:44:36,248 --> 00:44:38,374
♪ ♪
578
00:44:55,248 --> 00:44:58,457
(announcement continuing)
579
00:44:58,540 --> 00:45:00,582
♪ ♪
580
00:45:15,499 --> 00:45:18,624
♪ ♪
581
00:45:25,707 --> 00:45:28,332
(siren wailing)
582
00:45:30,332 --> 00:45:32,457
(announcement continuing)
583
00:45:47,791 --> 00:45:51,998
(announcement continuing)
584
00:45:55,040 --> 00:45:57,165
(announcement fading)
585
00:46:03,290 --> 00:46:05,332
♪ ♪
586
00:46:12,332 --> 00:46:14,499
(distant helicopters thrumming)
587
00:46:28,415 --> 00:46:30,832
I said turn around.
This is a restricted zone.
588
00:46:30,916 --> 00:46:35,290
-I'm from the Byelorussian
Institute for Nuclear Energy.
-Do you have permission?
589
00:46:35,374 --> 00:46:37,624
Listen to me, I need to speak
to someone urgently.
590
00:46:37,707 --> 00:46:40,082
Turn around right now,
or I'll arrest you.
591
00:46:40,165 --> 00:46:41,916
If you arrest me,
you should take me
592
00:46:41,998 --> 00:46:44,207
to the highest
possible authority.
593
00:46:48,707 --> 00:46:51,248
Legasov:
We have to start
a radiological survey.
594
00:46:51,332 --> 00:46:55,540
Sector by sector, on foot,
dosimeters in hand.
595
00:46:57,165 --> 00:46:58,916
Are you all right?
596
00:47:01,540 --> 00:47:02,874
Of course.
597
00:47:04,082 --> 00:47:05,415
Comrades--
598
00:47:05,499 --> 00:47:08,123
The guards arrested this woman
at the south checkpoint.
599
00:47:08,207 --> 00:47:12,457
-I'd have put her in a cell--
-But he thought you should
know that I know.
600
00:47:12,540 --> 00:47:14,332
I know that your reactor
core is exposed.
601
00:47:14,415 --> 00:47:17,332
I know the graphite is on fire,
the fuel is melting,
602
00:47:17,415 --> 00:47:19,332
and you're dropping sand
and boron on it,
603
00:47:19,415 --> 00:47:22,666
which you probably thought was
smart, but you've made a
mistake.
604
00:47:22,749 --> 00:47:25,832
Ulana Yuriyvna Khomyuk,
Chief Physicist,
605
00:47:25,916 --> 00:47:28,207
Byelorussian Institute
for Nuclear Energy.
606
00:47:28,290 --> 00:47:31,540
And you are Valery
Alexeyevich Legasov?
607
00:47:31,624 --> 00:47:34,165
Smothering the core
will put the fire out,
608
00:47:34,248 --> 00:47:37,040
but the temperature will
eventually increase--
609
00:47:37,123 --> 00:47:38,666
Legasov:
Believe me,
I'm perfectly aware.
610
00:47:38,749 --> 00:47:40,791
But I estimate
at least a month
611
00:47:40,874 --> 00:47:42,791
before it melts through
the lower concrete pad,
612
00:47:42,874 --> 00:47:44,791
-which gives us time--
-No, you don't have a month.
613
00:47:44,874 --> 00:47:46,582
You have approximately two days.
614
00:47:47,499 --> 00:47:50,707
Yes, the fuel would
take a month
615
00:47:50,791 --> 00:47:52,832
to reach the concrete pad here.
616
00:47:52,916 --> 00:47:56,415
But first...
it's going to burn through
617
00:47:56,499 --> 00:47:58,874
the biological shield here
by Tuesday.
618
00:47:58,957 --> 00:48:01,957
And when it does,
it's going to hit these tanks--
619
00:48:02,040 --> 00:48:03,332
bubbler pools, reservoirs--
620
00:48:03,415 --> 00:48:06,582
Reservoirs for the ECS.
I understand your concern,
621
00:48:06,666 --> 00:48:08,582
but I confirmed it
with plant personnel.
622
00:48:08,666 --> 00:48:12,248
-The tanks are nearly empty.
-No, they were nearly empty.
623
00:48:12,332 --> 00:48:15,791
Each of these points
here, here, and here
624
00:48:15,874 --> 00:48:17,874
all drain
to the bubbler pools.
625
00:48:17,957 --> 00:48:20,499
I'm guessing that every pipe
in the building ruptured.
626
00:48:20,582 --> 00:48:23,540
And then there are
those fire engines
that I saw on the way in.
627
00:48:23,624 --> 00:48:25,749
The fire hoses
are still connected.
628
00:48:25,832 --> 00:48:28,874
They've been gushing
water into the structure
this whole time.
629
00:48:28,957 --> 00:48:30,916
The tanks are full.
630
00:48:32,916 --> 00:48:35,457
The tanks are full.
631
00:48:37,998 --> 00:48:40,207
(speaking foreign language)
632
00:49:04,415 --> 00:49:05,666
(door opens)
633
00:49:14,457 --> 00:49:18,749
I have ten minutes,
then I'm back on the phone
634
00:49:18,832 --> 00:49:21,749
apologizing to our friends,
635
00:49:21,832 --> 00:49:24,998
apologizing to our enemies.
636
00:49:25,082 --> 00:49:28,415
Our power comes from
the perception of our power.
637
00:49:28,499 --> 00:49:32,123
Do you understand
the damage this has done?
638
00:49:32,207 --> 00:49:35,415
Do you understand
what's at stake?
639
00:49:37,040 --> 00:49:38,374
Boris.
640
00:49:40,457 --> 00:49:44,874
Professor Legasov
will deliver our briefing.
641
00:49:46,540 --> 00:49:48,040
There is some good news.
642
00:49:48,123 --> 00:49:50,791
The air drops are working
to douse the fire.
643
00:49:50,874 --> 00:49:54,624
There's been a reduction
in radionuclide emissions,
644
00:49:54,707 --> 00:49:56,540
but the fire will not
be extinguished
645
00:49:56,624 --> 00:49:59,499
for at least
another two weeks.
646
00:50:01,415 --> 00:50:04,415
There is also
an additional problem.
647
00:50:05,957 --> 00:50:07,707
Nuclear fuel doesn't turn cold
648
00:50:07,791 --> 00:50:10,457
simply because
it is not on fire.
649
00:50:10,540 --> 00:50:12,165
In fact, the temperature
will likely rise
650
00:50:12,248 --> 00:50:14,957
as a result of the blanket
of sand we've dropped.
651
00:50:15,040 --> 00:50:17,832
The uranium will melt the sand,
652
00:50:17,916 --> 00:50:19,624
creating a kind of lava
653
00:50:19,707 --> 00:50:22,998
which will begin to melt down
through the shield below.
654
00:50:23,082 --> 00:50:24,624
You have made lava?
655
00:50:27,290 --> 00:50:29,415
I anticipated this.
656
00:50:30,916 --> 00:50:33,207
I believed there was
time to reinforce
657
00:50:33,290 --> 00:50:35,332
this lower concrete pad
658
00:50:35,415 --> 00:50:36,874
before the lava
reached the earth
659
00:50:36,957 --> 00:50:38,499
and contaminated
the groundwater.
660
00:50:38,582 --> 00:50:41,666
But as it turned out, I was
worried about the wrong thing.
661
00:50:41,749 --> 00:50:43,624
Uh, um...
662
00:50:43,707 --> 00:50:47,290
It was my understanding
that these large water tanks
663
00:50:47,374 --> 00:50:49,957
under the reactor were
essentially empty.
664
00:50:50,040 --> 00:50:53,123
This is Ulana Khomyuk
of the Byelorussian Institute.
665
00:50:53,207 --> 00:50:55,499
Thanks to her insight,
we are now aware
666
00:50:55,582 --> 00:50:58,874
that the tanks are,
in fact, full.
667
00:50:58,957 --> 00:51:02,832
Of water. Why is that
a problem, professor?
668
00:51:04,040 --> 00:51:05,499
(clears throat)
669
00:51:07,123 --> 00:51:08,791
When the lava
enters these tanks,
670
00:51:08,874 --> 00:51:11,207
it will instantly
superheat and vaporize
671
00:51:11,290 --> 00:51:14,957
approximately 7,000
cubic meters of water,
672
00:51:15,040 --> 00:51:18,540
causing a significant
thermal explosion.
673
00:51:18,624 --> 00:51:20,582
How significant?
674
00:51:20,666 --> 00:51:24,540
We estimate between
two and four megatons.
675
00:51:24,624 --> 00:51:27,916
Everything within
a 30-kilometer radius
676
00:51:27,998 --> 00:51:29,666
will be completely destroyed,
677
00:51:29,749 --> 00:51:33,082
including the three remaining
reactors at Chernobyl.
678
00:51:33,165 --> 00:51:36,666
The entirety of the radioactive
material in all of the cores
679
00:51:36,749 --> 00:51:39,832
will be ejected at force
680
00:51:39,916 --> 00:51:42,957
and dispersed by
a massive shock wave,
681
00:51:43,040 --> 00:51:48,248
which will extend
approximately 200 kilometers
682
00:51:48,332 --> 00:51:51,624
and likely be fatal
to the entire population of Kiev
683
00:51:51,707 --> 00:51:53,749
as well as a portion of Minsk.
684
00:51:53,832 --> 00:51:56,749
The release of radiation
will be severe
685
00:51:56,832 --> 00:52:00,082
and will impact
all of Soviet Ukraine,
686
00:52:00,165 --> 00:52:03,791
Latvia, Lithuania,
Byelorussia,
687
00:52:03,874 --> 00:52:07,123
as well as Poland,
Czechoslovakia, Hungary,
688
00:52:07,207 --> 00:52:09,874
Romania,
and most of East Germany.
689
00:52:13,540 --> 00:52:16,415
What do you mean "impact"?
690
00:52:17,207 --> 00:52:19,749
For much of the area,
a nearly permanent disruption
691
00:52:19,832 --> 00:52:22,374
of the food and water supply,
692
00:52:22,457 --> 00:52:25,457
a steep increase in the rates
of cancer and birth defects.
693
00:52:25,540 --> 00:52:28,998
I don't know how many deaths
there will be, but many.
694
00:52:29,082 --> 00:52:30,957
For Byelorussia and the Ukraine,
695
00:52:31,040 --> 00:52:33,374
"impact" means
completely uninhabitable
696
00:52:33,457 --> 00:52:36,874
for a minimum of 100 years.
697
00:52:40,707 --> 00:52:44,123
There are more
than 50 million people
698
00:52:44,207 --> 00:52:46,957
living in Byelorussia
and Ukraine.
699
00:52:47,040 --> 00:52:48,874
Sixty, yes.
700
00:52:53,248 --> 00:52:54,998
And how long
before this happens?
701
00:52:55,082 --> 00:52:58,957
Approximately 48 to 72 hours.
702
00:53:02,415 --> 00:53:04,832
But we may have a solution.
703
00:53:04,916 --> 00:53:06,707
We can pump the water
from the tanks.
704
00:53:06,791 --> 00:53:10,207
Unfortunately, the tanks are
sealed shut by a sluice gate,
705
00:53:10,290 --> 00:53:12,415
and the gate can only
be opened manually
706
00:53:12,499 --> 00:53:14,040
from within
the duct system itself.
707
00:53:14,123 --> 00:53:17,290
So we need to find
three plant workers
708
00:53:17,374 --> 00:53:18,957
who know the facility
well enough
709
00:53:19,040 --> 00:53:20,666
to enter the basement here,
710
00:53:20,749 --> 00:53:24,998
find their way through
all these duct ways,
711
00:53:25,082 --> 00:53:27,165
get to the sluice gate
valve here,
712
00:53:27,248 --> 00:53:31,707
and give us the access we need
to pump out the tanks.
713
00:53:31,791 --> 00:53:34,540
Of course, we will need
your permission.
714
00:53:34,624 --> 00:53:36,666
My permission for what?
715
00:53:36,749 --> 00:53:39,207
Uh, the water in these ducts,
716
00:53:39,290 --> 00:53:42,123
the level of radioactive
contamination--
717
00:53:42,207 --> 00:53:44,624
They'll likely be
dead in a week.
718
00:53:46,374 --> 00:53:50,123
We're asking for your
permission to kill three men.
719
00:53:58,290 --> 00:53:59,666
Well...
720
00:53:59,749 --> 00:54:02,332
Comrade Legasov...
721
00:54:02,415 --> 00:54:06,165
(clears throat)
all victories inevitably
come at a cost.
722
00:54:42,457 --> 00:54:44,540
(dogs panting)
723
00:54:50,624 --> 00:54:52,666
♪ ♪
724
00:55:08,916 --> 00:55:11,040
(wind blowing)
725
00:55:31,290 --> 00:55:35,123
Legasov:
And open the sluice gate
valve... here.
726
00:55:35,207 --> 00:55:37,207
The valve will be
difficult to operate,
727
00:55:37,290 --> 00:55:39,123
so we'll need three men
728
00:55:39,207 --> 00:55:42,749
who will need to know
the basement layout.
729
00:55:42,832 --> 00:55:46,791
And, of course, any volunteers
will be rewarded.
730
00:55:46,874 --> 00:55:51,290
A yearly stipend of 400 rubles.
731
00:55:57,374 --> 00:56:02,332
And, uh, for those
of you working in reactors
one and two, promotions.
732
00:56:02,415 --> 00:56:06,165
Why are reactors one and two
still operating at all?
733
00:56:06,248 --> 00:56:08,332
My friend was a security
guard that night,
734
00:56:08,415 --> 00:56:09,998
and, uh, she's now dying.
735
00:56:10,082 --> 00:56:12,707
And we've all heard
about the firemen.
736
00:56:12,791 --> 00:56:16,791
And now you want us to swim
underneath a burning reactor?
737
00:56:17,582 --> 00:56:19,707
Do you even know how
contaminated it is?
738
00:56:19,791 --> 00:56:21,290
(clears throat)
739
00:56:21,791 --> 00:56:23,666
I... I don't have
an exact number.
740
00:56:23,749 --> 00:56:26,624
You don't need an exact number
to know if it'll kill us.
741
00:56:27,248 --> 00:56:29,165
But you can't even
tell us that.
742
00:56:30,457 --> 00:56:32,874
Why should we do this?
For what, 400 rubles?
743
00:56:32,957 --> 00:56:34,791
(murmurs in agreement)
744
00:56:36,415 --> 00:56:39,165
You'll do it
because it must be done.
745
00:56:43,749 --> 00:56:47,123
You'll do it
because nobody else can.
746
00:56:49,457 --> 00:56:53,123
And if you don't,
millions will die.
747
00:56:54,290 --> 00:56:57,248
If you tell me that's not
enough, I won't believe you.
748
00:56:58,457 --> 00:57:02,540
This is what has always
set our people apart.
749
00:57:02,624 --> 00:57:05,832
A thousand years
of sacrifice in our veins.
750
00:57:06,666 --> 00:57:09,457
And every generation
must know its own suffering.
751
00:57:10,499 --> 00:57:13,248
I spit on the people
who did this,
752
00:57:13,332 --> 00:57:15,957
and I curse the price
I have to pay.
753
00:57:18,082 --> 00:57:20,499
But I'm making
my peace with it,
754
00:57:20,582 --> 00:57:22,332
and now you make yours.
755
00:57:22,415 --> 00:57:25,165
And go into that water.
756
00:57:27,248 --> 00:57:28,916
Because it must be done.
757
00:57:28,998 --> 00:57:31,165
(distant helicopters thrumming)
758
00:57:46,165 --> 00:57:47,707
Ananenko.
759
00:57:52,040 --> 00:57:53,540
Bezpalov.
760
00:57:58,707 --> 00:58:00,540
Baranov.
761
00:58:02,749 --> 00:58:04,874
♪ ♪
762
00:58:20,540 --> 00:58:22,624
♪ ♪
763
00:58:48,248 --> 00:58:50,415
(distant helicopters thrumming)
764
00:58:59,248 --> 00:59:01,290
♪ ♪
765
00:59:33,832 --> 00:59:35,957
♪ ♪
766
00:59:55,374 --> 00:59:57,499
(dosimeters clicking)
767
00:59:59,832 --> 01:00:01,957
(door shuts)
768
01:00:05,165 --> 01:00:06,374
(grunts)
769
01:00:53,082 --> 01:00:54,998
(dosimeter clicking)
770
01:01:19,374 --> 01:01:20,415
(grunts)
771
01:01:47,707 --> 01:01:49,540
(dosimeter's clicking
grows louder)
772
01:02:03,540 --> 01:02:05,624
(dosimeter crackling loudly)
773
01:02:15,248 --> 01:02:16,624
(grunts)
774
01:02:20,123 --> 01:02:21,832
-(clicking grows louder)
-(water gushing)
775
01:02:21,916 --> 01:02:22,957
(grunts urgently)
776
01:02:29,248 --> 01:02:30,749
(grunts)
777
01:02:39,624 --> 01:02:41,791
(dosimeter clicking rapidly)
778
01:02:43,499 --> 01:02:45,791
-(tapping)
-(grunting)
779
01:02:50,707 --> 01:02:52,957
(dosimeters clicking
loudly, rapidly)
780
01:02:54,666 --> 01:02:55,707
(grunts)
781
01:02:57,707 --> 01:02:59,791
(dosimeters clicking
loudly, rapidly)
782
01:02:59,874 --> 01:03:02,123
(men panting)
783
01:03:02,207 --> 01:03:03,165
(tapping)
784
01:03:03,248 --> 01:03:05,082
-(panting)
-(tapping)
785
01:03:05,165 --> 01:03:07,332
(loud, rapid clicking
continuing)
786
01:03:07,998 --> 01:03:10,248
-(tapping)
-(rapid, heavy breathing)
787
01:03:10,332 --> 01:03:11,666
(silence)
788
01:03:19,499 --> 01:03:21,540
♪ ♪
789
01:03:39,540 --> 01:03:41,582
♪ ♪
790
01:04:11,415 --> 01:04:13,540
♪ ♪
791
01:04:38,582 --> 01:04:40,624
♪ ♪
792
01:05:16,290 --> 01:05:17,832
♪ ♪
57997
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