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A catastrophic scenario occurred
at an altitude of 1,200 meters.
2
00:00:05,000 --> 00:00:08,080
Flames were coming
out of the cockpit's deck.
3
00:00:09,000 --> 00:00:10,400
We were starting to get burned.
4
00:00:10,910 --> 00:00:14,760
A fire broke out aboard
Pilgrim Airlines Flight 458.
5
00:00:15,255 --> 00:00:16,740
This airplane was a trap.
6
00:00:17,720 --> 00:00:19,100
It was a matter of life or death.
7
00:00:19,860 --> 00:00:22,720
The pilots only had a few
seconds to land the plane.
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00:00:23,110 --> 00:00:24,716
All I could see was trees on the horizon.
9
00:00:24,740 --> 00:00:28,100
It wasn't going to be a smooth landing.
10
00:00:30,340 --> 00:00:32,500
11 of the 12 people on board survived.
11
00:00:34,065 --> 00:00:35,780
But the fire destroyed all the evidence.
12
00:00:37,590 --> 00:00:39,120
The plane was completely burned.
13
00:00:39,380 --> 00:00:42,900
A surviving pilot delivered a
clue to the NTSB investigators.
14
00:00:43,760 --> 00:00:48,760
When I turned on the switch, I saw
smoke at the base of the control column.
15
00:00:49,600 --> 00:00:53,860
That was a very, very valuable
statement to one of the investigators.
16
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There were 10 passengers
on board Flight 458.
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00:01:25,600 --> 00:01:27,680
Pilgrim Airlines Flight 458.
18
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Hello, everyone. We're about to take off.
19
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Make sure your seat
belts are well attached.
20
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I'll serve.
21
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Well done.
22
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Just after 3 p.m., the Twin
Otter took off on the runway.
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111 kilometers per hour.
24
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111 kilometers per hour.
25
00:01:51,040 --> 00:01:54,080
Flight 458 took off from
Groton in Connecticut.
26
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To the destination of Boston.
27
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140 kilometers north.
28
00:02:02,880 --> 00:02:03,880
Positive rhythm.
29
00:02:04,640 --> 00:02:05,640
Flaps up.
30
00:02:05,980 --> 00:02:06,980
Flaps up.
31
00:02:08,540 --> 00:02:12,200
Today, it's Thomas Prinster,
36, who is in charge of the plane.
32
00:02:13,435 --> 00:02:15,620
He's been working for this
company for three years.
33
00:02:16,590 --> 00:02:17,780
Thomas, everyone loved Tom.
34
00:02:18,240 --> 00:02:20,120
He would show us
how to pilot that airplane.
35
00:02:20,500 --> 00:02:22,560
What you could do, what you do want to do.
36
00:02:23,110 --> 00:02:24,640
It was a real pleasure to fly with.
37
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Temperature and pressure in the green.
38
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Everything is good.
39
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Pilgrim 458, crossing 300 meters.
40
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Pilgrim 458, well received.
Passing at 300 meters.
41
00:02:38,220 --> 00:02:42,700
The co-pilot, Lyle Hogg, 27, has been
part of the company for just a few months.
42
00:02:44,060 --> 00:02:48,420
Before I went to Pilgrim Airlines,
I had about 1,500 hours of flight.
43
00:02:48,920 --> 00:02:55,560
And from my arrival to this flight,
458, I had flown about 400 hours.
44
00:02:57,520 --> 00:03:02,000
The pilots are in charge of a
2-Havilland Dash 6 Twin Otter,
45
00:03:02,515 --> 00:03:06,460
a turbo-pulsed aircraft
frequently used on regional lines.
46
00:03:07,600 --> 00:03:11,840
It was a twin turbo-pulsed twin engine
that was mainly used for short flights.
47
00:03:12,600 --> 00:03:15,340
A very popular airplane in its day.
48
00:03:15,580 --> 00:03:18,340
It helped lead the air revolution.
49
00:03:19,260 --> 00:03:23,000
And at the time, it was
used all over the world.
50
00:03:27,480 --> 00:03:29,730
Pilgrim 458, climbing 1,200 meters.
51
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Positioning VOR.
52
00:03:33,270 --> 00:03:35,510
The flight to Boston lasts only 40 minutes.
53
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There is no flight attendant on board.
54
00:03:38,500 --> 00:03:41,246
One of the passengers
of this flight is Harry
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00:03:41,258 --> 00:03:43,770
Policron, an engineer
at the US Airlines.
56
00:03:44,570 --> 00:03:48,210
He goes to Boston to take his next service.
57
00:03:49,550 --> 00:03:50,230
The flight to Boston
is the first of its kind.
58
00:03:50,231 --> 00:03:51,636
The flight to Boston
is the first of its kind.
59
00:03:51,660 --> 00:03:54,730
My flight out of Boston, the next
day, was early in the morning.
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00:03:55,600 --> 00:03:58,750
So my plan was to arrive on Sunday night,
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00:04:00,195 --> 00:04:04,470
and take a hotel room, so I
would be all set and ready to go.
62
00:04:06,550 --> 00:04:10,450
Paul Ainsworth, business advisor,
has to take another flight to Boston.
63
00:04:11,980 --> 00:04:15,690
Once we had started to take
altitude, I started going up into the air.
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00:04:15,750 --> 00:04:18,322
I had really just flipped
my head over, closed
65
00:04:18,334 --> 00:04:20,750
my eyes, and started
going up into the air.
66
00:04:20,751 --> 00:04:21,751
I was so tired.
67
00:04:22,965 --> 00:04:26,350
The plane reached 1,200
meters, its cruising altitude.
68
00:04:27,180 --> 00:04:30,510
The weather was typical for a
month of February in New England.
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There was clouds at 900
meters and some freezing rain.
70
00:04:37,985 --> 00:04:39,590
Pilgrim 458, how's it
going? Smooth flight.
71
00:04:40,950 --> 00:04:41,950
...
72
00:04:45,730 --> 00:04:48,730
With an outside temperature
of minus 3 degrees Celsius,
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00:04:49,055 --> 00:04:52,530
the wavy rain forms a layer
of ice on the windshield.
74
00:04:55,220 --> 00:04:56,421
I'm going to pick up some ice.
75
00:04:58,700 --> 00:05:01,110
It's the same as the
wavy on a car's windshield.
76
00:05:02,470 --> 00:05:05,950
It's a rough and difficult to see through.
77
00:05:06,720 --> 00:05:07,841
How's it going on
the wings? No ice.
78
00:05:10,410 --> 00:05:11,410
...
79
00:05:12,190 --> 00:05:14,306
All right, let's interview the
pilots to clean this windshield.
80
00:05:14,330 --> 00:05:15,330
You go.
81
00:05:15,780 --> 00:05:18,710
The pilots want to be sure that
they can unwind the windshield.
82
00:05:21,190 --> 00:05:21,710
They want to make sure
that the windshield is working.
83
00:05:21,711 --> 00:05:25,170
We would test the windshield
to make sure it was working.
84
00:05:25,745 --> 00:05:28,705
We wouldn't change the
pump all the way because
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00:05:28,717 --> 00:05:31,310
it would consume too
much of the alcohol.
86
00:05:31,490 --> 00:05:32,750
You wouldn't use up
too much of the alcohol.
87
00:05:32,751 --> 00:05:37,270
You'd save it when we needed it,
when we'd be out at the next airport.
88
00:05:41,350 --> 00:05:42,751
Okay, you can go to the other side.
89
00:05:43,660 --> 00:05:48,490
I noticed very little fluid on
the outside of the windshield.
90
00:05:48,491 --> 00:05:50,750
I first activated the switch.
91
00:05:51,920 --> 00:05:52,920
Anything on your side?
92
00:05:53,920 --> 00:05:55,070
Some, but not a lot.
93
00:06:01,080 --> 00:06:05,390
The second time, I held the switch
in the on position for a little bit longer
94
00:06:05,391 --> 00:06:09,610
so we could get a good indication
of the gas being in the windshield.
95
00:06:11,530 --> 00:06:12,530
Still nothing.
96
00:06:16,920 --> 00:06:17,920
Something's right.
97
00:06:18,755 --> 00:06:19,755
I'm going to stop trying.
98
00:06:20,290 --> 00:06:23,140
Quite soon after that, there
wasn't a foot in the cockpit.
99
00:06:24,400 --> 00:06:25,640
It was like a smell of alcohol.
100
00:06:26,450 --> 00:06:29,280
There wasn't an emergency at that time yet,
101
00:06:29,570 --> 00:06:33,320
but we were beginning our
thought process as far as,
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00:06:33,520 --> 00:06:35,681
okay, what are we going
to do to deal with this issue?
103
00:06:37,320 --> 00:06:38,420
I smell the smoke.
104
00:06:40,020 --> 00:06:41,020
Okay.
105
00:06:41,870 --> 00:06:43,140
Around the same time,
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00:06:43,280 --> 00:06:45,860
we saw there was an acrid-type smell.
107
00:06:46,450 --> 00:06:51,520
The first thought that
came to mind was Tom had
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00:06:51,521 --> 00:06:52,521
been a smoker in the
ashtray in the cockpit,
109
00:06:52,680 --> 00:06:53,760
in the lower circuit.
110
00:06:55,510 --> 00:06:57,940
We looked towards the
smoke from the ashtray was,
111
00:06:58,100 --> 00:07:01,220
and it was not smoke
coming from the ashtray.
112
00:07:02,740 --> 00:07:03,780
In the cockpit,
113
00:07:04,310 --> 00:07:06,220
Harry Polycron asks himself questions.
114
00:07:07,640 --> 00:07:08,880
I had my head in the paper,
115
00:07:09,120 --> 00:07:11,500
and then I got that whiff of alcohol.
116
00:07:12,760 --> 00:07:13,760
As a navigator,
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00:07:14,300 --> 00:07:17,700
Polycron knows that this smell
can be the sign of a serious problem.
118
00:07:18,200 --> 00:07:19,200
In principle,
119
00:07:19,500 --> 00:07:22,100
there's no reason to smell an
alcoholic smell in an airplane.
120
00:07:24,040 --> 00:07:25,320
It's coming from down there.
121
00:07:26,320 --> 00:07:29,860
The pilots then see bubbles
of smoke entering the cockpit.
122
00:07:31,740 --> 00:07:35,520
We did see initially some
very light white smoke.
123
00:07:38,780 --> 00:07:42,260
Before we could even talk
about that or react to that,
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00:07:42,755 --> 00:07:45,520
the smoke started to come up very quickly.
125
00:07:46,940 --> 00:07:48,181
Something is burning somewhere,
126
00:07:49,670 --> 00:07:51,260
and the situation gets worse.
127
00:07:52,830 --> 00:07:54,440
The fire on board is something terrible.
128
00:07:55,665 --> 00:07:57,780
You can't just pull off on the
side of the road with the fire.
129
00:07:57,800 --> 00:07:59,300
You have to do something immediately.
130
00:08:00,760 --> 00:08:02,300
Concept, Pilgrim 458,
131
00:08:02,630 --> 00:08:04,761
direct on Providence,
there's an emergency.
132
00:08:07,655 --> 00:08:10,500
The commander wants to
land on the nearest airport,
133
00:08:11,540 --> 00:08:13,840
Providence, 19
kilometers to the right.
134
00:08:14,370 --> 00:08:17,520
The choice of Providence
was out of the brainer,
135
00:08:17,940 --> 00:08:20,860
because we knew exactly where
we were and knew about the airport.
136
00:08:22,900 --> 00:08:24,320
Pilgrim 458, what do you need?
137
00:08:25,580 --> 00:08:26,820
Directly to Providence, please.
138
00:08:27,080 --> 00:08:27,740
This is an emergency.
139
00:08:27,760 --> 00:08:28,760
There's a fire on board.
140
00:08:29,820 --> 00:08:31,100
Pilgrim 458, understood.
141
00:08:34,040 --> 00:08:35,060
Turn right.
142
00:08:35,460 --> 00:08:38,300
Cap on 150 for Providence approach vector.
143
00:08:39,660 --> 00:08:41,140
Okay, so we're going to try and land.
144
00:08:42,460 --> 00:08:43,460
Right turn.
145
00:08:43,660 --> 00:08:44,660
150.
146
00:08:45,875 --> 00:08:46,875
I'll go get the runway.
147
00:08:48,500 --> 00:08:50,341
The fire, the plane,
148
00:08:51,300 --> 00:08:52,740
the pilots have purely limited time.
149
00:08:54,600 --> 00:08:55,440
I'm pushing.
150
00:08:55,620 --> 00:08:55,940
I'm pushing.
151
00:08:56,340 --> 00:08:56,740
I'm pushing.
152
00:08:56,960 --> 00:08:57,960
I'm pushing.
153
00:09:00,420 --> 00:09:08,320
We gotta get out of these fucking clouds.
154
00:09:08,720 --> 00:09:09,280
Mmm…
155
00:09:09,505 --> 00:09:13,940
we needed to get up as
fast as we could and so the
156
00:09:13,941 --> 00:09:16,440
turn was quite rough and
the descent was quite steep.
157
00:09:18,140 --> 00:09:20,440
Pilgrim 458, how many people on board?
158
00:09:21,300 --> 00:09:24,860
The controllers are preparing for
an emergency landing on Providence.
159
00:09:26,245 --> 00:09:27,365
We have ten people on board.
160
00:09:29,020 --> 00:09:31,040
Lyle responded that there were ten.
161
00:09:32,275 --> 00:09:36,100
He was thinking of the passengers.
He didn't include Tom and himself.
162
00:09:37,300 --> 00:09:38,300
It's getting worse.
163
00:09:41,380 --> 00:09:43,340
What the hell is this?
Where is this coming from?
164
00:09:44,090 --> 00:09:48,460
It was blinding. It was choking.
They couldn't see each other.
165
00:09:48,540 --> 00:09:53,700
They couldn't see their instruments.
They were in the clouds.
166
00:09:56,310 --> 00:09:58,920
The smoke spread
little by little in the cabin.
167
00:10:05,465 --> 00:10:07,772
As soon as the black
smoke infiltrated the cabin,
168
00:10:07,784 --> 00:10:10,150
we had more and more
trouble seeing and breathing.
169
00:10:12,280 --> 00:10:15,470
I immediately grabbed
the bottom of my sweater.
170
00:10:16,000 --> 00:10:20,910
I pulled it up, sat into it,
and put it under my nose.
171
00:10:21,030 --> 00:10:25,970
And started to use it,
you know, as a filter.
172
00:10:27,310 --> 00:10:28,950
The pilots are suffocating.
173
00:10:29,030 --> 00:10:32,110
The Twin Otters are not pressurized.
174
00:10:32,705 --> 00:10:36,330
They can open their hatches
to have a little fresh air.
175
00:10:36,790 --> 00:10:40,010
Because at that moment, I
couldn't even distinguish Tom.
176
00:10:41,370 --> 00:10:44,510
I opened the window
on my side to ventilate.
177
00:10:47,100 --> 00:10:49,370
But in the cabin, the hatches don't open.
178
00:10:50,190 --> 00:10:51,870
The passengers suffocate.
179
00:10:53,660 --> 00:10:54,666
How am I going to get in there?
180
00:10:54,690 --> 00:10:56,310
It was a matter of life or death.
181
00:11:00,720 --> 00:11:03,364
The passengers and the
crew of the Pilgrim Airlines
182
00:11:03,376 --> 00:11:05,720
458 flight are struggling
for their survival.
183
00:11:06,660 --> 00:11:07,960
I did have that tennis racket.
184
00:11:10,190 --> 00:11:11,190
I blew up a hatch.
185
00:11:22,300 --> 00:11:24,540
It drew the smoke out.
186
00:11:25,020 --> 00:11:26,980
And then I proceeded for a couple of times.
187
00:11:26,981 --> 00:11:30,100
Well, I guess we were on the
right side of the airplane, you know.
188
00:11:31,100 --> 00:11:32,100
Uh!
189
00:11:35,870 --> 00:11:39,870
I was actually looking down
because of what he was doing.
190
00:11:43,480 --> 00:11:44,680
Move it, Mark!
191
00:11:46,800 --> 00:11:48,080
The smoke's starting to get out!
192
00:11:55,560 --> 00:11:59,548
I thought, oh my god, this
is an amazing piece of good
193
00:11:59,560 --> 00:12:03,560
news, not only for me, but
for everybody on the plane.
194
00:12:04,900 --> 00:12:08,458
In addition to the thick
smoke, the pilots are now
195
00:12:08,470 --> 00:12:12,040
confronted with the flames
coming out of the deck.
196
00:12:16,470 --> 00:12:19,605
I thought I was going to try
and get to the fire extinguisher,
197
00:12:19,617 --> 00:12:22,460
which was behind my seat,
and it was close to the floor.
198
00:12:24,545 --> 00:12:28,880
But because of the intense heat
released by the fire, Og didn't make it.
199
00:12:34,230 --> 00:12:36,270
That's when we were starting to burn.
200
00:12:37,780 --> 00:12:39,790
The initial reaction
was not to feel the pain.
201
00:12:39,910 --> 00:12:43,390
The initial reaction is, you
need to talk to this person first.
202
00:12:43,410 --> 00:12:44,690
You need to talk to him quickly.
203
00:12:45,220 --> 00:12:49,129
As they are still 18 kilometers
from Providence, the pilots deliver
204
00:12:49,141 --> 00:12:52,770
a race against the watch to
manage to put their plane on fire.
205
00:12:53,770 --> 00:12:56,066
We were doing an
emergency descent towards
206
00:12:56,078 --> 00:12:58,770
Providence without
knowing if we could get there.
207
00:13:02,030 --> 00:13:05,608
The navigator, Harry
Polycron, heads towards the
208
00:13:05,620 --> 00:13:09,510
cockpit to make sure the
pilots were in the cockpit.
209
00:13:12,320 --> 00:13:13,320
It was horrible.
210
00:13:13,410 --> 00:13:14,676
I was having a hard time standing up.
211
00:13:14,700 --> 00:13:16,106
The plane was hanging in all directions.
212
00:13:16,130 --> 00:13:18,590
It was a wild ride.
213
00:13:18,860 --> 00:13:20,300
We were swinging from right to left.
214
00:13:20,530 --> 00:13:23,590
When I passed the head in the cockpit,
he was invaded by a cloud of smoke.
215
00:13:30,280 --> 00:13:33,300
They couldn't see their instruments,
and they couldn't see outside.
216
00:13:34,405 --> 00:13:37,780
How they managed to keep the
plane on the right side up amazes me.
217
00:13:39,040 --> 00:13:41,912
I just wanted them to know that
the passengers were doing well,
218
00:13:41,924 --> 00:13:44,900
and to tell them to keep it up,
that they were doing a great job.
219
00:13:45,190 --> 00:13:46,190
I said to them...
220
00:13:46,380 --> 00:13:47,556
You guys keep doing what you're doing.
221
00:13:47,580 --> 00:13:48,780
At the back, we're managing.
222
00:13:50,230 --> 00:13:53,090
My intention was just to
show them that we were
223
00:13:53,102 --> 00:13:56,280
supporting them in this
almost superhuman challenge.
224
00:13:56,420 --> 00:13:57,420
It was just heroic.
225
00:13:58,660 --> 00:14:00,860
The flames are now winning the cockpit.
226
00:14:01,340 --> 00:14:02,420
Time is running out.
227
00:14:02,660 --> 00:14:04,740
It is more urgent than urgent to land.
228
00:14:09,785 --> 00:14:13,436
It was an extremely scary,
painful, frightening, deadly
229
00:14:13,448 --> 00:14:17,310
set of circumstances that were
getting worse every second.
230
00:14:19,860 --> 00:14:22,063
The pilots can't see each
other anymore, and with
231
00:14:22,075 --> 00:14:24,110
the windows open, they
can't hear each other.
232
00:14:25,220 --> 00:14:29,170
I needed to make sure that Tom
was in fact still in the plane's aircraft.
233
00:14:29,550 --> 00:14:33,470
And that's when I rested my hand on his
neck to follow along with his movements.
234
00:14:35,670 --> 00:14:39,873
The commander, Prinster,
pursues a quick descent,
235
00:14:39,885 --> 00:14:43,670
but he has no idea
where he's going to land.
236
00:14:45,400 --> 00:14:46,520
I initially did not see him.
237
00:14:46,980 --> 00:14:50,550
I was still in the clouds, and I
didn't see an adequate landing site.
238
00:14:54,480 --> 00:14:57,220
The passengers prepare for the worst.
239
00:15:03,880 --> 00:15:07,695
I sat up very straight on my
chair, and took the seatbelt, and
240
00:15:07,707 --> 00:15:11,780
ensured that it was down across
my hip, and not across my stomach.
241
00:15:12,430 --> 00:15:15,560
And tightened it as
tightly as I possibly could.
242
00:15:19,320 --> 00:15:23,504
At 450 meters from the ground, the
heat released by the fire in the cockpit
243
00:15:23,516 --> 00:15:27,320
has become so intense that the
pilot's helmets are starting to melt.
244
00:15:29,920 --> 00:15:33,140
I had to take this rubber helmet off.
245
00:15:36,600 --> 00:15:40,460
These circumstances
were absolutely desperate.
246
00:15:40,900 --> 00:15:43,540
At that point, it was
very clear to the pilot...
247
00:15:44,390 --> 00:15:48,220
...that the plane had been
transformed into a death trap.
248
00:15:49,820 --> 00:15:52,420
The plane approaches Providence Airport.
249
00:15:54,410 --> 00:15:57,540
Pilgrim 458, you can go
straight to Providence VOR.
250
00:16:01,690 --> 00:16:05,850
Without a helmet, the pilots are no longer
able to communicate with the control tower.
251
00:16:07,750 --> 00:16:11,210
One of the pilots was
gripping the elbow so hard...
252
00:16:11,211 --> 00:16:14,430
...that his thumb was on
top of the button that acted...
253
00:16:15,210 --> 00:16:16,210
...the microphone.
254
00:16:18,200 --> 00:16:20,330
And the result of that was...
255
00:16:20,530 --> 00:16:23,170
...the air traffic control
has heard this roar.
256
00:16:24,430 --> 00:16:25,430
Pilgrim 458.
257
00:16:28,420 --> 00:16:30,690
Pilgrim 458, do you copy?
I do not receive you.
258
00:16:33,790 --> 00:16:37,890
At 300 meters above the ground,
the Twin Otter pierces the clouds.
259
00:16:40,470 --> 00:16:42,970
At a high altitude, I could only see trees.
260
00:16:45,010 --> 00:16:46,070
Tom was taking a turn.
261
00:16:46,540 --> 00:16:50,171
I could not see him, but I felt
that he was... ...turning to the left.
262
00:16:53,550 --> 00:16:54,150
Pilgrim 458. Pilgrim 458.
Pilgrim 458. Pilgrim 458.
263
00:16:54,151 --> 00:16:59,590
The pilots must land before
the fire reaches the fuel tank...
264
00:16:59,940 --> 00:17:02,670
...highly inflatable, located
in the belly of the plane.
265
00:17:03,845 --> 00:17:04,510
Pilgrim 458. Pilgrim 458.
Pilgrim 458. Pilgrim 458.
266
00:17:04,511 --> 00:17:06,071
The plane is just under the passengers.
267
00:17:09,980 --> 00:17:15,413
I was wondering, at this point... if we
were going to be able to land on the ground
268
00:17:15,425 --> 00:17:18,790
or if the plane was going
to explode on the ground.
269
00:17:19,870 --> 00:17:21,230
Are you ready?
270
00:17:25,010 --> 00:17:26,430
Oh my God!
271
00:17:30,780 --> 00:17:37,870
Looking out the window, I saw trees, I
saw the shore of this frozen reservoir,
272
00:17:39,410 --> 00:17:42,930
and my immediate thought
was, hey, we're going to make it.
273
00:17:44,110 --> 00:17:47,604
The pilots spotted the
Situate artificial lake near
274
00:17:47,616 --> 00:17:51,190
Providence, which extends
over 13 square kilometers.
275
00:17:52,390 --> 00:17:55,490
It was a wide open flat area,
there were no trees, there
276
00:17:55,502 --> 00:17:58,670
was no obstacle, there was
just ice that was in the open.
277
00:18:00,600 --> 00:18:04,110
The pilots direct their
aircraft in fire towards the lake.
278
00:18:07,125 --> 00:18:11,050
The next thing was just to get down as fast
as we could and get out of the aircraft.
279
00:18:12,070 --> 00:18:13,810
They had never crossed the ice before.
280
00:18:13,850 --> 00:18:15,970
They could have supported
the weight of the aircraft.
281
00:18:17,990 --> 00:18:21,757
In the cabin of the Pilgrim
Airlines 458 flight, the
282
00:18:21,769 --> 00:18:25,330
passengers were waiting
for an emergency landing.
283
00:18:27,450 --> 00:18:31,250
I looked out the window and I
saw that the impact was imminent.
284
00:18:33,010 --> 00:18:35,840
I wanted to get back
in, but the seat was on
285
00:18:35,852 --> 00:18:38,630
fire, so I put myself
against the bulkhead.
286
00:18:40,210 --> 00:18:42,550
Flight 458 is about to crash.
287
00:18:47,960 --> 00:18:50,614
It was a matter of
putting this plane on the
288
00:18:50,626 --> 00:18:53,110
ground as absolutely
as fast as we could.
289
00:18:53,880 --> 00:18:56,150
It was not going to be a smooth landing.
290
00:18:57,000 --> 00:18:58,000
Get ready for the impact.
291
00:18:58,480 --> 00:19:01,530
All of a sudden, there
was an enormous bang.
292
00:19:02,010 --> 00:19:03,390
Enormous bang.
293
00:19:03,391 --> 00:19:04,391
Oh yeah!
294
00:19:13,340 --> 00:19:16,060
Flight 459 got a big hit.
295
00:19:16,061 --> 00:19:17,261
Flight 459 was about to crash.
296
00:19:17,920 --> 00:19:19,460
Flight 458 was about to crash.
297
00:19:21,200 --> 00:19:22,740
It was about to crash.
298
00:19:23,500 --> 00:19:25,460
All of a sudden, the
aircraft lost consciousness.
299
00:19:27,350 --> 00:19:32,080
When I got back to consciousness, the plane
was stopped and everything was silent.
300
00:19:37,300 --> 00:19:38,500
All of a sudden, the plane was
cut off and everything was silent.
301
00:19:38,501 --> 00:19:42,780
The pilots have managed to land
their plane on fire on the frozen lake.
302
00:19:43,630 --> 00:19:46,583
They must still make
sure that everyone can get
303
00:19:46,595 --> 00:19:49,560
out of it before the fire
consumes it entirely.
304
00:19:50,830 --> 00:19:53,003
We find ourselves in
the middle of this white
305
00:19:53,015 --> 00:19:55,200
and icy expanse. What
are we going to do now?
306
00:20:01,720 --> 00:20:05,478
I just released my belt and
jumped up and hit the main
307
00:20:05,490 --> 00:20:09,470
door and attempted to open
it, but I was unable to do so.
308
00:20:10,120 --> 00:20:12,230
Because the fuselage was compressed.
309
00:20:16,020 --> 00:20:23,230
I glanced and I saw a slit in the
fuselage right behind the doorway.
310
00:20:28,580 --> 00:20:32,128
I've made the decision that I
was going to expand that area of
311
00:20:32,140 --> 00:20:35,930
the fuselage and make a hole
in it so that we could get out of it.
312
00:20:36,540 --> 00:20:39,650
There's a hole! There's a hole in the back!
313
00:20:39,970 --> 00:20:41,690
There's a hole! There's a hole in the back!
314
00:20:41,800 --> 00:20:44,990
Hainsworth knows that
you have to act very quickly.
315
00:20:47,340 --> 00:20:53,510
I still had the concern that the
plane would imminently explode.
316
00:20:54,505 --> 00:20:59,910
I jumped out first and I then
started to assist other people.
317
00:21:01,190 --> 00:21:06,410
Harry Polichrone, gravely injured,
is still at the front of the plane.
318
00:21:14,060 --> 00:21:17,520
That was filled with adrenaline
and shock. I had dislocated
319
00:21:17,532 --> 00:21:20,710
my shoulder, I had injured
my knee, I had a burnt leg.
320
00:21:21,890 --> 00:21:26,210
My very first instinct was to
get out of that airplane right now.
321
00:21:28,670 --> 00:21:30,610
And I got a little proceed
to the back of the airplane.
322
00:21:30,630 --> 00:21:31,990
I heard a young woman
say, someone please help me.
323
00:21:31,991 --> 00:21:35,770
I heard a young woman
say, someone please help me.
324
00:21:38,770 --> 00:21:39,770
Come!
325
00:21:39,995 --> 00:21:41,090
This way to the back!
326
00:21:41,270 --> 00:21:42,270
Come on!
327
00:21:42,670 --> 00:21:43,670
Come on!
328
00:21:43,850 --> 00:21:44,210
Come on!
329
00:21:44,211 --> 00:21:44,450
You're okay?
330
00:21:45,190 --> 00:21:46,190
Come on!
331
00:21:48,220 --> 00:21:50,826
I grabbed the young woman by the
arm and I pulled her towards the opening.
332
00:21:50,850 --> 00:21:52,950
I think I was the last one to go out.
333
00:22:01,390 --> 00:22:02,390
Are you okay? Yeah.
334
00:22:03,830 --> 00:22:04,830
..
335
00:22:05,190 --> 00:22:05,550
Yeah...
336
00:22:05,850 --> 00:22:07,230
I think I'm gonna make it.
337
00:22:10,680 --> 00:22:15,070
At the point where we were, it was no
longer a question of procedures to follow.
338
00:22:17,460 --> 00:22:18,540
We have to get out of here.
339
00:22:20,470 --> 00:22:24,043
The two pilots, as well as
nine of the ten passengers,
340
00:22:24,055 --> 00:22:26,910
left the plane and
headed for the mainland.
341
00:22:28,020 --> 00:22:31,730
A few minutes later, the Twin Otter
was completely destroyed by the fire.
342
00:22:32,500 --> 00:22:36,730
I think it's a real
miracle that I'm still alive.
343
00:22:36,731 --> 00:22:44,110
And I'm very grateful to the pilot,
the co-pilot, and the other pilot,
344
00:22:45,500 --> 00:22:49,363
who was patting on
the plane for the actions
345
00:22:49,375 --> 00:22:53,250
that were quite reckless,
beyond remarkable.
346
00:22:55,505 --> 00:22:58,050
A passenger is dead,
suffocated by the smoke.
347
00:22:59,200 --> 00:23:03,030
All the others, injured to varying
degrees, are transported to the hospital.
348
00:23:05,100 --> 00:23:06,710
The two pilots are severely burned.
349
00:23:07,710 --> 00:23:10,510
Lyle was burned for 25% of his body,
350
00:23:11,140 --> 00:23:17,550
and the captain was burned for 75%
of his body, much of it at third degree.
351
00:23:19,370 --> 00:23:23,370
Volunteers are in charge of removing the
essential parts of the wreck from the lake
352
00:23:23,595 --> 00:23:25,650
so that they can be
examined by the investigators.
353
00:23:28,000 --> 00:23:29,640
And I'm going to have to do an operation.
354
00:23:29,730 --> 00:23:32,690
We have a portable electric
generator around here with lights.
355
00:23:33,130 --> 00:23:38,090
We're going to mop up the fuel oil, and
wait for the FAA representatives to come.
356
00:23:39,880 --> 00:23:44,110
If it's obvious that the plane was
destroyed by the fire, we don't know why.
357
00:23:45,740 --> 00:23:47,930
Knowing that there was a
fire on board is not enough.
358
00:23:48,210 --> 00:23:52,690
You need to understand exactly
what happened, how it happened, when,
359
00:23:52,850 --> 00:23:56,250
and how the crew was able to
pilot the plane with the fire on board.
360
00:23:56,650 --> 00:23:59,670
The two pilots being too seriously
injured to make a statement,
361
00:24:00,165 --> 00:24:02,510
the investigators turn
to the air controller.
362
00:24:02,710 --> 00:24:03,710
What did they tell you?
363
00:24:05,320 --> 00:24:08,600
Just that there was a fire on board and
that it was going to land in an emergency.
364
00:24:11,030 --> 00:24:12,110
And when did they tell you?
365
00:24:13,020 --> 00:24:16,950
The call came in at 3.29, so
less than 20 minutes after takeoff.
366
00:24:18,950 --> 00:24:20,790
What would cause a fire on board?
367
00:24:21,140 --> 00:24:24,330
You're looking for a flammable source,
you're looking for an ignition source.
368
00:24:24,880 --> 00:24:28,730
Well, we're going to have a hard
time finding something useful in there.
369
00:24:29,780 --> 00:24:33,650
The investigators examine the
cockpit manometers of flight 458,
370
00:24:34,050 --> 00:24:36,610
hoping to find clues
to the origin of the fire.
371
00:24:38,550 --> 00:24:42,350
But after a fire, after impact, the
instruments are often so damaged
372
00:24:42,351 --> 00:24:45,770
that they take a considerable
amount of work to get more out of it.
373
00:24:46,020 --> 00:24:48,770
Sometimes we get nothing
we need, because we
374
00:24:48,771 --> 00:24:49,891
just can't make it to
understand what they say.
375
00:24:51,250 --> 00:24:52,250
One moment.
376
00:24:53,520 --> 00:24:55,350
The plane's clock is still readable.
377
00:24:56,115 --> 00:24:57,250
Stopped at the crash.
378
00:24:58,390 --> 00:24:59,390
3.34.
379
00:25:01,430 --> 00:25:03,230
We don't know what
happened, but it happened.
380
00:25:04,770 --> 00:25:07,310
Less than five minutes after
signaling the emergency,
381
00:25:07,930 --> 00:25:09,970
the pilots hit the frozen lake.
382
00:25:14,660 --> 00:25:18,650
The investigators conclude that
the situation has deteriorated rapidly.
383
00:25:25,580 --> 00:25:26,580
Engine fire?
384
00:25:28,265 --> 00:25:32,010
The flight 458 not being
equipped with a flight recorder,
385
00:25:32,360 --> 00:25:36,370
the investigators will have to work on the
most probable sources of a fire on board.
386
00:25:36,990 --> 00:25:37,990
...
387
00:25:39,780 --> 00:25:41,690
It makes the investigation a
little more time-consuming.
388
00:25:41,691 --> 00:25:44,090
It takes a little more time to get out.
389
00:25:44,091 --> 00:25:46,750
It doesn't keep us from
doing an investigation,
390
00:25:46,751 --> 00:25:48,757
but it increases the
amount of work that
391
00:25:48,769 --> 00:25:51,090
needs to be done to
complete an investigation.
392
00:25:52,845 --> 00:25:57,790
They examine what's left of the engines to
see if they played a role in the accident.
393
00:26:03,140 --> 00:26:05,060
Both engines were
running at the time of impact.
394
00:26:08,230 --> 00:26:11,350
The best way to know if
the engines were running at
395
00:26:11,351 --> 00:26:13,490
the time of impact is to
look at if they were damaged,
396
00:26:14,010 --> 00:26:16,030
look at if the propellers
were twisted or bent,
397
00:26:16,250 --> 00:26:19,530
and in that case, look at in what
direction and in what proportion.
398
00:26:19,940 --> 00:26:24,270
It clearly appeared that both engines
were deploying power at the time of impact.
399
00:26:28,180 --> 00:26:30,700
The fact that the engines were
running at the time of impact
400
00:26:30,701 --> 00:26:33,080
proves that they were
not at the origin of the fire.
401
00:26:38,940 --> 00:26:40,496
All of them are talking
about the same thing.
402
00:26:40,520 --> 00:26:41,520
The smoke.
403
00:26:44,200 --> 00:26:46,220
While the pilots are recovering,
404
00:26:46,980 --> 00:26:50,820
the passengers' testimonies
provide an important clue.
405
00:26:51,550 --> 00:26:55,240
A thick smoke from the
cockpit has invaded the cabin.
406
00:26:59,390 --> 00:27:03,360
If passengers say they
saw smoke during the flight,
407
00:27:03,540 --> 00:27:05,200
the focus of the investigation
408
00:27:05,800 --> 00:27:08,460
would be to focus on
the source of the smoke
409
00:27:08,461 --> 00:27:12,160
and be interested in the source of the
smoke and the time when the smoke appeared.
410
00:27:12,970 --> 00:27:15,400
They examine the
calcined wreck of the plane
411
00:27:15,900 --> 00:27:18,340
to try to find out where the fire started.
412
00:27:20,010 --> 00:27:21,490
The fire must have started somewhere.
413
00:27:23,320 --> 00:27:25,540
We look for concentration points
414
00:27:25,541 --> 00:27:27,941
which would give us an
indication of where the fire started.
415
00:27:29,770 --> 00:27:31,010
The plane is completely burned.
416
00:27:32,380 --> 00:27:34,780
Yeah, but the cockpit floor
here is the most damaged.
417
00:27:37,730 --> 00:27:39,940
I guess the fire started
somewhere under the cockpit.
418
00:27:41,610 --> 00:27:44,100
The plane burned
after it landed on the ice.
419
00:27:45,180 --> 00:27:49,140
It is therefore impossible to determine
the precise origin of the fire on board.
420
00:27:49,730 --> 00:27:52,320
We could tell in the area
where the fire started,
421
00:27:52,480 --> 00:27:56,100
but we needed to do more to
look at potential flammable sources.
422
00:27:59,800 --> 00:28:02,240
The pilots are now able to testify.
423
00:28:04,550 --> 00:28:07,960
The pilots are the most
experienced people on the airplane,
424
00:28:08,205 --> 00:28:11,640
and they can tell us about
the events that occurred
425
00:28:11,641 --> 00:28:14,140
around them at the time
that this was going on.
426
00:28:15,550 --> 00:28:19,160
All their sight, sounds, and feelings
can be used in the investigation.
427
00:28:23,310 --> 00:28:24,470
Thank you for your interview.
428
00:28:25,420 --> 00:28:28,440
Maybe you just want to tell
me what you can remember.
429
00:28:29,620 --> 00:28:30,736
Towards the end of the week,
430
00:28:30,760 --> 00:28:32,820
they asked me if I wanted to
talk to the NTSB, and I said yes.
431
00:28:32,821 --> 00:28:33,880
...
432
00:28:38,530 --> 00:28:40,360
We tried to unwind the windshield,
433
00:28:42,340 --> 00:28:44,440
but there was no liquid,
and almost immediately,
434
00:28:46,230 --> 00:28:47,480
I smelled an alcohol
smell, and then smoke.
435
00:28:47,990 --> 00:28:49,240
...
436
00:28:51,130 --> 00:28:52,340
And then I saw the smoke,
437
00:28:54,520 --> 00:28:56,120
at first, light and white.
438
00:28:58,900 --> 00:29:00,960
It was coming out of the control column.
439
00:29:03,550 --> 00:29:06,260
It took a long time for this
smoke to get thick and black.
440
00:29:09,080 --> 00:29:11,760
Just after, we couldn't breathe anymore,
441
00:29:13,160 --> 00:29:14,160
and we started burning.
442
00:29:19,720 --> 00:29:22,960
How long did it take for
the first signs of smoke?
443
00:29:27,810 --> 00:29:28,940
It happened real fast.
444
00:29:30,360 --> 00:29:31,360
I don't know.
445
00:29:32,220 --> 00:29:33,460
Maybe a minute, or less.
446
00:29:34,820 --> 00:29:35,820
...
447
00:29:36,570 --> 00:29:38,370
And that's where you
called for an emergency?
448
00:29:38,620 --> 00:29:39,620
Yes.
449
00:29:40,360 --> 00:29:41,940
And we started going down right after.
450
00:29:43,530 --> 00:29:44,740
He hit the switch
451
00:29:44,890 --> 00:29:46,440
to get the liquid out,
452
00:29:46,900 --> 00:29:48,780
and clean the windshield.
453
00:29:49,210 --> 00:29:50,820
And very shortly thereafter,
454
00:29:51,980 --> 00:29:56,760
he had what he described as a
white smoke with an alcohol smell.
455
00:29:58,110 --> 00:30:00,740
That was a very
important statement for an
456
00:30:00,741 --> 00:30:03,780
investigator, for an
investigator looking for a fire.
457
00:30:05,620 --> 00:30:06,620
So,
458
00:30:08,310 --> 00:30:09,780
it all starts right here,
459
00:30:10,580 --> 00:30:11,580
with the deflation.
460
00:30:13,510 --> 00:30:16,620
The co-pilot's interrogation
led the investigators
461
00:30:16,621 --> 00:30:18,940
to focus on the plane's
deflation system.
462
00:30:21,040 --> 00:30:26,380
We'd start looking in the rest of the
plane for clues to this deflation system,
463
00:30:26,381 --> 00:30:32,340
and then begin a parallel
investigation with Mitch to see
464
00:30:32,341 --> 00:30:34,640
if there was any history or
other problems with that system.
465
00:30:36,640 --> 00:30:39,740
The reservoir contains five and
a half liters of anti deflation liquid.
466
00:30:40,030 --> 00:30:43,940
The 28-volt pump is activated by an
interrupter located on the upper console.
467
00:30:44,550 --> 00:30:47,660
A flexible plastic pipe connects
the pump to the spray nozzles.
468
00:30:50,570 --> 00:30:51,780
It's a pretty basic system.
469
00:30:52,625 --> 00:30:56,760
The use of chemical deflation in
airplanes had been used since the 1920s.
470
00:30:57,300 --> 00:31:00,660
So it was not an unknown, or
not a system that they were using.
471
00:31:02,200 --> 00:31:07,180
The investigators hope to find some of
the components of the deflation system.
472
00:31:08,540 --> 00:31:11,160
If they found the pump and the attachments,
473
00:31:11,480 --> 00:31:14,700
it clearly would have shown
them where the problem was.
474
00:31:17,980 --> 00:31:18,980
That's all that's left.
475
00:31:20,840 --> 00:31:21,840
No trace of the pump.
476
00:31:22,340 --> 00:31:23,340
The wires are all out.
477
00:31:23,850 --> 00:31:27,880
The only part of the
system that escaped the fire
478
00:31:28,430 --> 00:31:31,420
is a half-consumed
piece of the plastic tank.
479
00:31:32,340 --> 00:31:33,500
It can't be of any use to us.
480
00:31:40,940 --> 00:31:43,210
The pilots have reported
a smell of alcohol.
481
00:31:44,040 --> 00:31:47,750
The investigators are studying a
sample of the deflation liquid used
482
00:31:47,751 --> 00:31:51,830
by Pilgrim Airlines to find
out how flammable it is.
483
00:31:58,970 --> 00:32:00,900
87% isopropyl.
484
00:32:02,680 --> 00:32:03,960
It's a rather flammable product.
485
00:32:06,220 --> 00:32:11,220
They are now more
or less certain that, the
486
00:32:11,221 --> 00:32:12,221
deflation liquid from the
flight 458 has inflamed,
487
00:32:12,520 --> 00:32:13,580
triggering a fire.
488
00:32:14,640 --> 00:32:16,060
But they still don't know how.
489
00:32:17,360 --> 00:32:21,440
We really have not had
any experience with this type
490
00:32:21,490 --> 00:32:23,940
of system of putting the
fire on board an airplane.
491
00:32:25,800 --> 00:32:28,480
He reports to the co-pilot's statement
492
00:32:28,780 --> 00:32:30,440
concerning the start of the fire.
493
00:32:32,000 --> 00:32:34,140
He did say that the
system didn't work very well.
494
00:32:35,600 --> 00:32:37,800
The first time I switched on the switch,
495
00:32:39,280 --> 00:32:41,740
I got a tiny bit of liquid on my side.
496
00:32:42,550 --> 00:32:44,900
So I tried a second
time, and nothing.
497
00:32:44,901 --> 00:32:45,901
...
498
00:32:46,760 --> 00:32:47,760
So what did you do?
499
00:32:49,220 --> 00:32:51,020
That's when I felt a
strong smell of alcohol.
500
00:32:51,635 --> 00:32:52,635
So I stopped trying.
501
00:32:53,720 --> 00:32:54,400
A few seconds later,
502
00:32:54,520 --> 00:32:55,520
we felt the smoke.
503
00:32:58,440 --> 00:33:02,620
The investigators must now
determine which part of the
504
00:33:02,621 --> 00:33:05,080
deflation system could have
been the source of the fire
505
00:33:05,205 --> 00:33:06,325
that destroyed the aircraft.
506
00:33:11,640 --> 00:33:16,200
The investigators read the
maintenance reports to see
507
00:33:16,201 --> 00:33:17,620
if the deflation system had
already caused problems.
508
00:33:19,790 --> 00:33:20,830
He's talking about a leak.
509
00:33:22,310 --> 00:33:23,310
According to the reports,
510
00:33:23,495 --> 00:33:27,820
the plastic pipe had already
split and separated from the pump.
511
00:33:29,560 --> 00:33:32,120
Pilgrim's mechanics
solved the problem by cutting
512
00:33:32,121 --> 00:33:34,860
the pipe and fixing it
with tightening collars.
513
00:33:36,530 --> 00:33:40,020
As the alcohol comes
into contact with this tubing
514
00:33:40,021 --> 00:33:42,000
from the inside, it changes
the properties of the pipe.
515
00:33:42,860 --> 00:33:44,740
It tends to harden and swell,
516
00:33:46,010 --> 00:33:47,370
so at the place of the connection,
517
00:33:47,540 --> 00:33:49,060
the contact is less good.
518
00:33:51,030 --> 00:33:52,980
They take up the history of the plane
519
00:33:53,280 --> 00:33:58,000
by looking for what could explain how the
deflation system could have led to a fire.
520
00:33:59,410 --> 00:34:00,410
A few months ago,
521
00:34:01,125 --> 00:34:02,660
they detected a leak on this plane.
522
00:34:03,560 --> 00:34:06,480
The maintenance discovered that the
pipe was too short to reach the pump.
523
00:34:10,110 --> 00:34:13,281
They had trimmed and reconnected the pipe
so often that it was no longer adjusted.
524
00:34:14,700 --> 00:34:17,020
By shortening the cracked pipe,
525
00:34:18,090 --> 00:34:19,920
it ended up no longer being
in contact with the pump.
526
00:34:19,921 --> 00:34:20,921
...
527
00:34:22,070 --> 00:34:25,640
Over time, you wouldn't
have enough length of the pipe
528
00:34:25,641 --> 00:34:27,640
to fix it correctly and you
would have to change it.
529
00:34:29,320 --> 00:34:30,320
Apparently,
530
00:34:32,835 --> 00:34:35,941
the same thing happened on this
plane just three days before the accident.
531
00:34:37,340 --> 00:34:39,180
The same thing happened on this
plane and they made a leak, it seems.
532
00:34:40,455 --> 00:34:42,260
The pilots noticed a leak
533
00:34:42,410 --> 00:34:43,800
when they stopped at New Haven.
534
00:34:44,915 --> 00:34:47,660
They tried to reattach
the pipe to the pump,
535
00:34:47,661 --> 00:34:48,661
but they couldn't
because it was too short.
536
00:34:50,850 --> 00:34:51,850
They reattached it
537
00:34:52,570 --> 00:34:53,920
and a mechanic worked on it.
538
00:34:55,880 --> 00:34:57,800
The mechanic repaired the pipe,
539
00:34:58,310 --> 00:34:59,400
put it back in place,
540
00:34:59,540 --> 00:35:00,540
tightened it,
541
00:35:01,040 --> 00:35:03,540
then he filled the tank again.
542
00:35:05,260 --> 00:35:07,961
The mechanic says that after he
had reattached the pipe to the pump,
543
00:35:08,020 --> 00:35:10,800
he then signed off on the
anomaly and then repaired it.
544
00:35:12,950 --> 00:35:17,220
Three days later, the plane was
on fire when the pilots tried to de-ice.
545
00:35:18,340 --> 00:35:21,840
The investigators think that the
pipes in which the liquid circulated
546
00:35:21,841 --> 00:35:26,821
were not properly secured and were
detached from the pump after the repair.
547
00:35:29,380 --> 00:35:33,060
There's a good chance that the pipe
wasn't as long as it should have been.
548
00:35:33,080 --> 00:35:36,091
That it was probably pulling on the pump
and because the house was detached,
549
00:35:36,400 --> 00:35:37,536
because it was badly tightened.
550
00:35:37,560 --> 00:35:38,560
It's still nothing.
551
00:35:39,360 --> 00:35:45,120
If the de-ice system on flight 458
didn't work because of a bad repair,
552
00:35:46,760 --> 00:35:49,780
that doesn't explain the fire as much.
553
00:35:50,570 --> 00:35:51,780
In order to know the effect
554
00:35:51,980 --> 00:35:54,060
that this system could have had on a fire,
555
00:35:54,535 --> 00:35:57,280
either by starting it
or by contributing to it,
556
00:35:59,020 --> 00:36:03,920
the NTSB investigators
took a tank and a pump
557
00:36:03,970 --> 00:36:05,200
from the laboratory and
they connected the system
558
00:36:05,450 --> 00:36:07,180
to an electrical power supply system
559
00:36:07,880 --> 00:36:09,640
to see what it would do.
560
00:36:10,810 --> 00:36:11,640
They want to know
561
00:36:11,790 --> 00:36:14,200
what amount of the highly inflatable liquid
562
00:36:14,760 --> 00:36:16,460
would be concentrated under the cockpit
563
00:36:17,035 --> 00:36:18,035
if, as they think,
564
00:36:18,440 --> 00:36:19,740
the pipe was well detached.
565
00:36:23,270 --> 00:36:24,420
Well, let's see.
566
00:36:31,410 --> 00:36:32,811
Even without connecting the system,
567
00:36:34,100 --> 00:36:35,661
it leaks when the pipe is not attached.
568
00:36:37,390 --> 00:36:40,540
They measure the amount of
liquid lost at the level of the pump.
569
00:36:42,050 --> 00:36:49,740
The test has revealed that the pump would
leak to a level of 90 milliliters a minute.
570
00:36:51,260 --> 00:36:52,580
And so, over time,
571
00:36:53,200 --> 00:36:54,140
that could actually empty the 5.
572
00:36:54,141 --> 00:36:55,840
5-litre tank
573
00:36:55,990 --> 00:36:56,990
of gas completely.
574
00:36:58,150 --> 00:37:01,660
The test shows that if the pipe
was detached from the pump,
575
00:37:02,190 --> 00:37:05,920
a large flask of inflatable liquid
would have formed under the cockpit
576
00:37:06,350 --> 00:37:09,080
even before the pilots tried
to defuse the windshield.
577
00:37:09,940 --> 00:37:10,570
Let's see what happens
578
00:37:10,960 --> 00:37:12,100
when we plug in the system.
579
00:37:22,240 --> 00:37:23,240
Seven feet.
580
00:37:25,220 --> 00:37:26,220
Oh, it's not too far.
581
00:37:28,190 --> 00:37:31,520
When Hogg tried to plug
in the deflating system,
582
00:37:32,290 --> 00:37:35,660
the pump would have
pulverized the liquid at
583
00:37:35,661 --> 00:37:37,360
two metres in the
compartment under the cockpit.
584
00:37:39,780 --> 00:37:40,780
The consequences of that,
585
00:37:40,980 --> 00:37:43,740
given what is down in that area,
586
00:37:43,860 --> 00:37:46,140
are quite severe.
587
00:37:48,930 --> 00:37:51,540
The deflating pump gets
pretty hot when it's operating.
588
00:37:52,510 --> 00:37:55,920
The air from the air duct is
at 150 degrees Fahrenheit.
589
00:37:57,240 --> 00:38:00,300
The discharge from the silencer
gets heated into the cockpit.
590
00:38:02,570 --> 00:38:04,720
And the electric motor
that drives the flaps
591
00:38:04,845 --> 00:38:06,140
could also inflate the liquid.
592
00:38:07,340 --> 00:38:10,800
The investigators say
that several components
593
00:38:10,801 --> 00:38:12,380
could have inflated
the deflating liquid jet.
594
00:38:14,620 --> 00:38:18,040
The investigators have never
been able to identify with precision
595
00:38:18,041 --> 00:38:23,420
the components that had inflated the liquid
because there was so much down there.
596
00:38:23,700 --> 00:38:25,076
It could have been the heat
from the hydraulic pump.
597
00:38:25,100 --> 00:38:27,280
It could have been the
heat from the hydraulic pump
598
00:38:27,330 --> 00:38:28,680
that was released by the
hydraulic pump or its engine.
599
00:38:28,681 --> 00:38:29,460
...
600
00:38:29,660 --> 00:38:33,581
It could have been any component of
the aircraft at the back of the dashboard.
601
00:38:36,400 --> 00:38:37,640
Directly to Providence, please.
602
00:38:37,800 --> 00:38:38,180
There's an emergency.
603
00:38:38,420 --> 00:38:39,540
We've got the fire on board.
604
00:38:39,745 --> 00:38:41,100
Once the liquid has inflated,
605
00:38:41,590 --> 00:38:44,220
it doesn't take long
for the fire to spread.
606
00:38:47,000 --> 00:38:49,840
Older aircraft are less
resistant to the newer aircraft.
607
00:38:51,010 --> 00:38:53,340
And if you have alcohol
from the deflating system
608
00:38:54,170 --> 00:38:55,411
spreading through the airplane,
609
00:38:55,940 --> 00:39:01,400
it could easily take fire than
probably the newer materials.
610
00:39:03,380 --> 00:39:06,981
Flying around in a time bomb for
years, no one was worried about that.
611
00:39:09,230 --> 00:39:11,450
I think it's surprising to
discover something new
612
00:39:11,880 --> 00:39:13,260
in aircraft that's been in service
613
00:39:13,460 --> 00:39:17,520
for so long in such
a good history, to find
614
00:39:17,521 --> 00:39:18,521
something new in the
future in the investigation.
615
00:39:19,320 --> 00:39:23,020
The investigators are now
asking one last question.
616
00:39:23,430 --> 00:39:25,600
How the hell did they make
it to make it to the ground?
617
00:39:36,630 --> 00:39:39,750
The investigators are studying
the way the pilots have responded
618
00:39:39,751 --> 00:39:43,050
to the emergency
situation aboard flight 458.
619
00:39:46,510 --> 00:39:47,900
At the first sign of black smoke,
620
00:39:48,310 --> 00:39:49,671
they've alerted the control tower.
621
00:39:52,700 --> 00:39:53,720
Soon after,
622
00:39:53,920 --> 00:39:55,900
they've changed course for an
emergency landing at Providence.
623
00:39:55,901 --> 00:39:56,901
...
624
00:39:57,840 --> 00:40:00,440
He pushed the deck forward to
make the airplane descend very quickly.
625
00:40:00,441 --> 00:40:01,760
...
626
00:40:03,860 --> 00:40:06,960
They were still in the clouds and
the airplane was coming down rapidly.
627
00:40:06,961 --> 00:40:07,961
...
628
00:40:08,460 --> 00:40:12,100
Turn right and point 150 for
Providence approach vector.
629
00:40:13,540 --> 00:40:14,540
Let's get on board.
630
00:40:15,410 --> 00:40:18,920
The pilots start a
1,200-meter rapid descent
631
00:40:19,245 --> 00:40:21,261
all the way to the right
towards Providence.
632
00:40:23,410 --> 00:40:25,880
All their obsessions
will get the plane down.
633
00:40:28,540 --> 00:40:29,580
At this point,
634
00:40:30,160 --> 00:40:32,161
the cockpit is on fire and
packed with black smoke.
635
00:40:33,080 --> 00:40:34,080
So what do these guys do?
636
00:40:34,150 --> 00:40:36,080
They stick their heads up
and try to get out of the clouds.
637
00:40:36,081 --> 00:40:37,081
...
638
00:40:39,200 --> 00:40:40,720
While they're no longer able
639
00:40:41,895 --> 00:40:44,360
to see or breathe and
are seriously burned,
640
00:40:45,090 --> 00:40:46,090
the pilots fight
641
00:40:46,430 --> 00:40:48,601
to bring the plane
under the clouds.
642
00:40:50,820 --> 00:40:54,180
They were burning
some of their burns on
643
00:40:54,181 --> 00:40:54,540
their bodies and they
never left their seats.
644
00:40:54,541 --> 00:40:56,260
...
645
00:40:56,410 --> 00:40:59,340
They never left their seats
in the fact that they were
646
00:40:59,341 --> 00:41:00,740
bringing in the damage to
the control of the airplane
647
00:41:00,940 --> 00:41:03,800
and getting it to land
on that frozen lake.
648
00:41:03,801 --> 00:41:04,801
It was amazing.
649
00:41:07,260 --> 00:41:09,421
Despite the pain and the terror,
650
00:41:11,300 --> 00:41:14,500
these pilots stayed in their
controls they kept flying the airplane.
651
00:41:14,760 --> 00:41:15,760
...
652
00:41:16,470 --> 00:41:19,901
They were determined
to get down successfully
653
00:41:20,360 --> 00:41:23,641
despite the agony
they were feeling.
654
00:41:24,180 --> 00:41:25,180
The plane landed
655
00:41:28,960 --> 00:41:30,640
They reported their exit
from the clouds at 300 meters.
656
00:41:30,641 --> 00:41:31,641
...
657
00:41:32,170 --> 00:41:33,170
Quick left turn,
658
00:41:33,670 --> 00:41:34,900
landing in a few seconds.
659
00:41:36,250 --> 00:41:37,250
When there's a fire,
660
00:41:37,400 --> 00:41:37,640
you know,
661
00:41:37,820 --> 00:41:40,980
the main rule is to bring the plane
to the ground as fast as possible
662
00:41:41,130 --> 00:41:42,130
and that's what we did.
663
00:41:42,920 --> 00:41:43,660
It wasn't easy, but we did it.
664
00:41:43,880 --> 00:41:45,240
We landed
665
00:41:45,640 --> 00:41:46,580
and almost everyone survived.
666
00:41:46,581 --> 00:41:47,581
...
667
00:41:57,120 --> 00:41:59,040
Six minutes to get
out of the clouds,
668
00:41:59,240 --> 00:42:01,580
find a place to land
and get out of the clouds.
669
00:42:03,435 --> 00:42:04,180
And I'm bringing
in the plane on fire.
670
00:42:04,181 --> 00:42:05,181
...
671
00:42:07,200 --> 00:42:09,840
The investigators
congratulate the two pilots
672
00:42:10,040 --> 00:42:11,480
for their heroic action
673
00:42:11,630 --> 00:42:13,500
facing this emergency situation.
674
00:42:15,440 --> 00:42:20,440
Here's an example of a crew you know,
that has the skills and professionalism
675
00:42:20,441 --> 00:42:22,720
to save the lives of
all the people on board.
676
00:42:23,660 --> 00:42:24,660
Yeah.
677
00:42:26,680 --> 00:42:27,680
Let's get out of here.
678
00:42:28,160 --> 00:42:29,400
Lesser men would have let it go.
679
00:42:29,480 --> 00:42:30,480
They didn't give up.
680
00:42:31,070 --> 00:42:31,860
They didn't give up.
681
00:42:32,060 --> 00:42:35,660
They fought like the devil until the
end and that's why I'm still here today.
682
00:42:37,040 --> 00:42:40,881
The passengers also highlight
the courage of the navigator
683
00:42:41,380 --> 00:42:42,380
Harry Polycron
684
00:42:43,590 --> 00:42:45,600
who has contributed
to saving lives.
685
00:42:46,290 --> 00:42:47,320
Without the action
686
00:42:48,165 --> 00:42:51,840
of the passengers sitting in
front of me with the tendency
687
00:42:52,490 --> 00:42:55,060
to break the window
with a tennis racket,
688
00:42:56,420 --> 00:42:57,660
I absolutely believe
689
00:42:57,810 --> 00:42:59,580
other people would have
lost their lives in this crash.
690
00:42:59,581 --> 00:43:00,581
...
691
00:43:03,080 --> 00:43:06,680
The NTSB concludes that
the fire aboard flight 458
692
00:43:06,830 --> 00:43:11,001
has been due to a bad conception
of the windscreen deflating system.
693
00:43:12,300 --> 00:43:16,240
I didn't know how flammable
isopropyl alcohol was.
694
00:43:16,720 --> 00:43:20,620
They took the industry by
surprise that it was so flammable
695
00:43:20,720 --> 00:43:24,501
and that it could trigger a
devastating fire just as quickly.
696
00:43:25,400 --> 00:43:29,840
The investigators have
recommended replacing this crash
697
00:43:29,841 --> 00:43:34,340
on all the Twin Hotters
with an electrically heated
698
00:43:35,320 --> 00:43:40,540
The alcohol system has been ruined
as a result of this accident and I think
699
00:43:40,541 --> 00:43:43,860
the realization that the
hazards were just too high.
700
00:43:45,970 --> 00:43:49,780
But what will remain in
the history of flight 458
701
00:43:49,781 --> 00:43:52,620
is the heroism and
the professionalism
702
00:43:52,770 --> 00:43:53,770
of the two pilots
703
00:43:54,330 --> 00:43:58,500
who managed to land their
plane and save the passengers.
704
00:44:02,310 --> 00:44:03,420
I don't consider myself a hero.
705
00:44:03,421 --> 00:44:03,900
...
706
00:44:04,290 --> 00:44:07,620
I consider that we have done what
we did and what we had to do that day.
707
00:44:07,621 --> 00:44:08,060
...
708
00:44:08,300 --> 00:44:09,760
We have done what
we had to do to survive.
709
00:44:09,761 --> 00:44:10,080
...
710
00:44:10,480 --> 00:44:11,300
The pilots
711
00:44:11,500 --> 00:44:12,780
Prinster and Hogg
712
00:44:12,930 --> 00:44:15,981
have received numerous
marks of honor for their bravery.
713
00:44:16,450 --> 00:44:17,700
Today at Situate
714
00:44:18,100 --> 00:44:23,060
in Rhode Island a park close to the
place where they landed bears their name
715
00:44:23,061 --> 00:44:25,240
and houses a
commemorative monument.
716
00:44:26,050 --> 00:44:29,660
41 years later the
heroes of flight 458
717
00:44:29,661 --> 00:44:32,221
have returned and reflect on
the hard lesson learned that day.
718
00:44:33,080 --> 00:44:34,160
I mean, you guys
719
00:44:34,285 --> 00:44:38,040
were a strong power of your own
720
00:44:38,240 --> 00:44:40,220
to just stay with the band.
721
00:44:40,221 --> 00:44:41,221
...
722
00:44:41,820 --> 00:44:42,360
Fortitude is the word.
723
00:44:42,361 --> 00:44:43,361
...
724
00:44:44,300 --> 00:44:47,060
I think your body takes over
and you just hang in there.
725
00:44:47,061 --> 00:44:47,540
...
726
00:44:48,060 --> 00:44:52,140
It's actually when things
get real you can really kind
727
00:44:52,141 --> 00:44:53,220
of share everything and
hold it and just go for it.
728
00:44:53,221 --> 00:44:56,420
I think we all go
out a little bit of that.
729
00:44:56,421 --> 00:44:58,220
It's a great day.
730
00:44:58,221 --> 00:44:58,600
It was a great day.
731
00:44:58,601 --> 00:44:58,640
It was a great day.
732
00:44:58,641 --> 00:44:58,980
What a day.
733
00:44:59,280 --> 00:44:59,440
Yeah.
734
00:44:59,520 --> 00:44:59,800
Oh yeah.
735
00:45:00,000 --> 00:45:00,260
Yeah.
736
00:45:00,261 --> 00:45:00,320
Yeah.
737
00:45:00,880 --> 00:45:01,220
Yeah.
738
00:45:01,221 --> 00:45:02,221
Yeah.
57085
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