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Our world was once a world
dominated by dinosaurs.
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00:00:09,827 --> 00:00:12,196
They walked where we walk.
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00:00:14,628 --> 00:00:17,476
They drank the same water...
4
00:00:19,580 --> 00:00:23,049
Breathed the same air...
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00:00:26,035 --> 00:00:28,993
And fought
on the same battlefields.
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00:00:31,129 --> 00:00:33,026
But then they faced the day
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00:00:33,146 --> 00:00:35,664
that none of us
can imagine...
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00:00:47,308 --> 00:00:49,289
Some of the
most critical hours
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00:00:49,298 --> 00:00:51,636
in the history of life on Earth.
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00:01:01,902 --> 00:01:05,996
This is the story of the day
their world ended...
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00:01:06,386 --> 00:01:09,180
the last day of the dinosaurs.
12
00:01:09,181 --> 00:01:14,700
THE LAST DAY OF THE DINOSAURS
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00:01:19,099 --> 00:01:22,679
Earth
65 million years ago...
14
00:01:22,799 --> 00:01:25,626
A warmer place
than it is today.
15
00:01:29,074 --> 00:01:32,419
Along the west coast of
what's now North America,
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00:01:32,539 --> 00:01:35,985
mountains tower over
a large forested valley.
17
00:01:39,545 --> 00:01:43,592
It's the domain of the ultimate form
of prehistoric evolution.
18
00:01:45,432 --> 00:01:47,047
Dinosaurs.
19
00:01:50,991 --> 00:01:55,461
And more than 350 pounds
with a wingspan of 40 feet,
20
00:01:55,581 --> 00:02:00,325
Quetzalcoatlus is the largest
flying creature of all time.
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00:02:02,296 --> 00:02:03,498
A mile down,
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00:02:03,500 --> 00:02:06,859
a breakfast no carnivore
can not resist.
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00:02:12,532 --> 00:02:15,612
It will take this tiny hatchling
18 years
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00:02:15,631 --> 00:02:18,701
to become the most
fearsome predator.
25
00:02:21,022 --> 00:02:23,623
But for now,
Tyrannosaurus Rex,
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00:02:23,743 --> 00:02:25,860
is just few inches tall,
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00:02:25,980 --> 00:02:29,859
not very scary
and completely exposed.
28
00:02:31,719 --> 00:02:34,723
But... not completely unprotected.
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00:02:36,141 --> 00:02:40,286
The father, a fully grown T-Rex
is on a hunt.
30
00:02:43,241 --> 00:02:44,892
Its acute sense of smell,
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00:02:44,917 --> 00:02:48,104
helps him sniff out prey
from great distances,
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00:02:48,124 --> 00:02:50,878
and it also serves him well
as a parent.
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He knows when something is wrong.
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00:03:11,523 --> 00:03:13,659
Quetzalcoatlus' metabolism
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00:03:13,779 --> 00:03:15,981
demands that it eat regularly.
36
00:03:20,980 --> 00:03:23,303
and powering this streamline body
37
00:03:23,423 --> 00:03:26,201
means finding
rich sources of protein,
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00:03:26,321 --> 00:03:28,907
like a 3 pound baby T-Rex.
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00:03:43,655 --> 00:03:45,843
Quetzalcoatlus' huge wings
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00:03:45,869 --> 00:03:49,011
are perfectly adapted
for long distance gliding.
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00:03:53,441 --> 00:03:55,050
But its sheer size
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00:03:55,170 --> 00:03:58,621
makes it hard to lift off
when it's backed into a corner.
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00:04:16,197 --> 00:04:18,460
It's lucky...
this time.
44
00:04:28,129 --> 00:04:30,723
Of the entire clutch
of T-Rex eggs,
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00:04:30,843 --> 00:04:33,371
only one chick survived.
46
00:04:35,950 --> 00:04:37,463
And if it grows up,
47
00:04:37,476 --> 00:04:39,942
it will grow to be 17 feet tall
48
00:04:40,062 --> 00:04:42,562
and weigh more than 7 tons.
49
00:04:48,564 --> 00:04:50,972
But surviving
to adulthood,
50
00:04:51,092 --> 00:04:53,463
even for
Tyrannosaurus Rex
51
00:04:53,583 --> 00:04:55,714
isn't written in stone.
52
00:04:59,040 --> 00:05:01,163
Because a storm is coming.
53
00:05:02,620 --> 00:05:05,647
Born of events
that took place long before.
54
00:05:05,767 --> 00:05:09,409
100 million years earlier
55
00:05:10,133 --> 00:05:13,484
This is the asteroid belt
between Mars and Jupiter.
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00:05:13,604 --> 00:05:16,268
200 million miles away.
57
00:05:16,388 --> 00:05:19,140
Billions of rocks
all hurdling through space,
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00:05:19,165 --> 00:05:20,615
in the same direction,
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00:05:20,627 --> 00:05:22,684
like traffic
on a freeway.
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00:05:27,251 --> 00:05:29,416
All,
except this one.
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00:05:29,536 --> 00:05:33,156
which is moving diagonally
on a completely different course.
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00:05:37,289 --> 00:05:39,635
It's like a 40 mile wide semi
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00:05:39,672 --> 00:05:42,408
suddenly slicing
across the highway.
64
00:05:42,952 --> 00:05:46,959
But this truck
is going 22,000 miles an hour.
65
00:05:56,742 --> 00:06:00,798
The two asteroids shattered
into millions of fragments.
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00:06:01,932 --> 00:06:05,188
But this fragment
over 6 miles across,
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00:06:05,200 --> 00:06:07,243
has a special destiny.
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00:06:07,979 --> 00:06:09,855
100 MILLION YEARS AFTER
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00:06:09,856 --> 00:06:13,086
It's a rock
poised to change history.
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00:06:13,903 --> 00:06:16,393
Because it's heading
for the fifth largest planet
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00:06:16,394 --> 00:06:18,153
in the solar system.
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00:06:19,469 --> 00:06:22,128
The only planet
known to harbor life.
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00:06:23,677 --> 00:06:25,277
Planet Earth.
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00:06:28,994 --> 00:06:31,570
Meanwhile, the planet's
reptilian lords live
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00:06:31,583 --> 00:06:34,545
completely unaware of
what's heading their way.
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00:06:36,246 --> 00:06:38,894
Triceratops are among
the most widespread
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00:06:38,913 --> 00:06:41,983
dinosaurs on the
North American continent.
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00:06:42,384 --> 00:06:46,234
They're herbivores, but that
doesn't mean they're wallflowers.
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00:06:55,970 --> 00:06:58,937
Male Triceratops
take their mating rights...
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00:06:59,057 --> 00:07:00,853
very seriously...!
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00:07:00,973 --> 00:07:02,824
And weighing 6 tons each,
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00:07:02,853 --> 00:07:05,454
a face off can be fatal.
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00:07:08,240 --> 00:07:11,067
This time,
intimidation does the trick.
84
00:07:13,067 --> 00:07:16,250
But there's another
enemy waiting in the wings.
85
00:07:19,289 --> 00:07:22,188
He's not after
mating rights.
86
00:07:23,403 --> 00:07:26,631
The Triceratops is fast
and well-armed enough
87
00:07:26,643 --> 00:07:29,781
to stand a chance
against T-Rex...
88
00:07:29,901 --> 00:07:32,257
...but not against two of them.
89
00:07:39,715 --> 00:07:41,129
Hunting as a pair
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00:07:41,142 --> 00:07:44,008
one T-Rex go get
behind the deadly horns
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00:07:44,009 --> 00:07:45,859
and armored core.
92
00:07:58,057 --> 00:08:01,898
There's enough meat here
to feed them both for weeks,
93
00:08:02,018 --> 00:08:05,328
but they may not have
the time to enjoy it.
94
00:08:08,903 --> 00:08:11,012
A quarter of million miles up,
95
00:08:11,035 --> 00:08:13,910
is the earth's last hope of defense.
96
00:08:15,479 --> 00:08:18,444
The Moon has saved
the planet before.
97
00:08:20,551 --> 00:08:22,534
Its pockmarked surface
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00:08:22,546 --> 00:08:25,250
bears the scars of
countless collisions.
99
00:08:27,128 --> 00:08:29,421
This crater
known as Tycho,
100
00:08:29,541 --> 00:08:32,030
is more than 50 miles wide.
101
00:08:34,127 --> 00:08:35,444
Created by a rock
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00:08:35,451 --> 00:08:38,951
only half the size of the one
that's on its way.
103
00:08:43,655 --> 00:08:46,480
But the moon is rarely
in the right place,
104
00:08:46,481 --> 00:08:48,343
at the right time.
105
00:08:50,632 --> 00:08:53,862
Nothing can stop
the asteroid now.
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00:08:59,163 --> 00:09:02,750
This cosmic missile isn't
as alien as it seems.
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00:09:06,015 --> 00:09:07,638
Like the earth itself,
108
00:09:07,758 --> 00:09:10,481
It's made up largely of rock
and water.
109
00:09:11,552 --> 00:09:13,611
In the cold vacuum of space
110
00:09:13,621 --> 00:09:17,011
the water freezes into
a hard permafrost.
111
00:09:21,012 --> 00:09:24,026
But on the inside,
there's a chemical cocktail
112
00:09:24,045 --> 00:09:27,594
composed of carbon,
hydrogen and oxygen.
113
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Key ingredients for life.
114
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Asteroid fragments like this one
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00:09:37,782 --> 00:09:40,843
may have provide the building blocks
for life on Earth.
116
00:09:41,584 --> 00:09:44,589
Life, it evolved into dinosaurs.
117
00:09:45,787 --> 00:09:49,580
But what gives life,
can also take it away.
118
00:09:51,843 --> 00:09:53,806
THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST
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00:09:53,926 --> 00:09:55,733
Most
dinosaurs in the valley
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00:09:55,734 --> 00:09:57,854
hunt and forage during the day
121
00:09:57,855 --> 00:09:59,785
and sleep at night.
122
00:10:01,052 --> 00:10:03,978
This giant herbivore,
an Ankylosaurus
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00:10:04,098 --> 00:10:06,943
keeps one eye open
for predators.
124
00:10:09,122 --> 00:10:11,140
Under the cover of darkness,
125
00:10:11,169 --> 00:10:15,047
very different creatures
emerge from their hiding places.
126
00:10:15,741 --> 00:10:16,916
Like Mesodma,
127
00:10:16,917 --> 00:10:20,292
a primitive mammal
about the size of a possums.
128
00:10:26,112 --> 00:10:28,661
like most other mammals,
Mesodma's life
129
00:10:28,680 --> 00:10:32,013
is all about being with
the dinosaurs earth.
130
00:10:34,204 --> 00:10:39,082
It only comes out at night,
to forage for tasty roots and insects.
131
00:10:42,543 --> 00:10:44,404
While the giants sleep,
132
00:10:44,524 --> 00:10:47,857
It's the meek that
witness a cosmic event.
133
00:10:49,388 --> 00:10:51,341
A meteor shower.
134
00:10:55,912 --> 00:10:57,475
Each streak of light
135
00:10:57,478 --> 00:11:00,627
is a tiny fragment
of the asteroid collision.
136
00:11:00,747 --> 00:11:03,968
Burning up
as it entered the atmosphere.
137
00:11:06,594 --> 00:11:09,843
But these are mainly outrider
of the much larger missile
138
00:11:09,844 --> 00:11:11,914
hurdling through space.
139
00:11:13,245 --> 00:11:16,607
An asteroid locked into
a head-on collision.
140
00:11:17,687 --> 00:11:20,419
The Day of Reckoning is here.
141
00:11:22,933 --> 00:11:25,949
After a journey
last in a hundred million years,
142
00:11:26,069 --> 00:11:28,230
an enormous chunk of cosmic rock
143
00:11:28,231 --> 00:11:30,426
is approaching
the end of the line.
144
00:11:33,033 --> 00:11:35,841
And the end of the line
is Earth.
145
00:11:41,115 --> 00:11:43,134
In what is today
Central Mexico,
146
00:11:43,151 --> 00:11:44,919
a herd of Alamosaurus,
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00:11:44,942 --> 00:11:47,848
is wandering the plains
in search of food.
148
00:11:48,279 --> 00:11:50,541
They're recent species to evolve.
149
00:11:50,661 --> 00:11:54,420
And even by dinosaur standards,
they're huge.
150
00:11:56,622 --> 00:11:58,640
They're the last of the Sauropods,
151
00:11:58,678 --> 00:12:01,476
the biggest animals
ever to walk the Earth.
152
00:12:02,982 --> 00:12:06,917
70 feet long,
and a staggering 40 feet tall,
153
00:12:07,037 --> 00:12:10,522
Alamosaurus weigh
up to 30 ton.
154
00:12:14,086 --> 00:12:15,710
To maintain that bulk,
155
00:12:15,738 --> 00:12:18,818
they need to eat up to a ton
of leaves every day.
156
00:12:23,142 --> 00:12:27,576
A vast herd like this one
strips a landscape of vegetation
157
00:12:27,696 --> 00:12:29,724
in just a few hours.
158
00:12:34,312 --> 00:12:37,740
Because she's a nomad
on a constant search for food,
159
00:12:37,758 --> 00:12:42,079
when it's time for this female to lay
her eggs, she doesn't nest.
160
00:12:44,983 --> 00:12:48,297
She simply lays eggs
in groups of 5 or 6,
161
00:12:48,417 --> 00:12:51,640
to improve the chances
that some will survive.
162
00:12:55,288 --> 00:12:56,744
Under normal conditions,
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only one in 3,000 will produce
a mature Alamosaurus.
164
00:13:02,430 --> 00:13:05,022
But the odd stacked
against these eggs,
165
00:13:05,040 --> 00:13:07,482
are about to get astronomical.
166
00:13:09,903 --> 00:13:12,637
Because now,
just 20 minutes away
167
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2 trillion tons of rock
is racing right at them.
168
00:13:17,439 --> 00:13:19,813
The asteroid fragment's enormous mass
169
00:13:19,815 --> 00:13:21,872
is only part of the threat.
170
00:13:21,992 --> 00:13:24,781
The other part is velocity.
171
00:13:25,204 --> 00:13:27,572
But as it get closer to the planet,
172
00:13:27,692 --> 00:13:30,847
The Earth's gravitational pull
gets stronger
173
00:13:31,335 --> 00:13:34,125
and the asteroid accelerates,
174
00:13:34,245 --> 00:13:38,274
past 40,000-45,000 miles per hour
175
00:13:38,705 --> 00:13:42,799
And mass times acceleration
equals force.
176
00:13:45,672 --> 00:13:48,262
As the asteroid
encounters atmosphere,
177
00:13:48,382 --> 00:13:51,005
friction turn it into a fireball
178
00:13:53,247 --> 00:13:56,890
swooping over the Atlantic
and aimed at Mexico.
179
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And... the Alamosaurus.
180
00:14:00,476 --> 00:14:03,734
It takes just four minutes
to cross the ocean.
181
00:14:04,967 --> 00:14:08,188
It crushes and superheats
the air surrounding it,
182
00:14:08,308 --> 00:14:12,442
transforming gas and debris
into white-hot plasma.
183
00:14:13,772 --> 00:14:15,988
At 35,000 degrees,
184
00:14:16,007 --> 00:14:18,890
it's burning brighter
than a million suns.
185
00:14:45,139 --> 00:14:49,026
It takes just 5 seconds
to flash through the atmosphere.
186
00:14:49,146 --> 00:14:51,675
Impact seems instantaneous.
187
00:14:51,941 --> 00:14:53,828
But hidden within the cataclysm,
188
00:14:53,948 --> 00:14:56,027
are a series of discreet events
189
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invisible to the naked eye
190
00:14:58,285 --> 00:15:01,421
but key to understanding
what follows.
191
00:15:04,079 --> 00:15:06,822
The asteroid's trajectory is shallow.
192
00:15:06,963 --> 00:15:10,625
It flies in at about 30� angle
to the surface.
193
00:15:12,356 --> 00:15:15,476
This means the full brunt
of its destructive power
194
00:15:15,596 --> 00:15:18,798
will be thrown to the north of
the impact point.
195
00:15:22,138 --> 00:15:24,695
Even before the fireball
touches down,
196
00:15:24,815 --> 00:15:28,439
its sheer brightness in the sky
is unimaginable.
197
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500 miles from ground zero,
198
00:15:38,329 --> 00:15:40,113
the light is so intense
199
00:15:40,114 --> 00:15:43,824
that makes the Alamosaurus' flesh
seem transparent.
200
00:15:47,912 --> 00:15:51,565
And burns flash frames
of their shadows onto the ground.
201
00:15:53,819 --> 00:15:56,851
The scorching light sears
their eyeballs,
202
00:15:57,401 --> 00:16:00,227
They have no way of
seeing what's headed their way,
203
00:16:00,966 --> 00:16:03,079
but they can feel it.
204
00:16:09,244 --> 00:16:13,413
An explosive force
of a hundred million megaton,
205
00:16:13,695 --> 00:16:17,808
more powerful than all the nuclear
weapons ever built.
206
00:16:21,918 --> 00:16:24,972
If the asteroid had
crashed into deep ocean,
207
00:16:25,092 --> 00:16:27,796
some of the force
would have been absorbed.
208
00:16:28,625 --> 00:16:32,221
Instead, it hits the shallow waters
of the gulf of Mexico.
209
00:16:32,246 --> 00:16:34,715
which instantly vaporized.
210
00:16:39,065 --> 00:16:41,028
In fraction of a second,
211
00:16:41,507 --> 00:16:45,065
the entire asteroid
disintegrates into the planet.
212
00:16:46,126 --> 00:16:48,667
Earth and rock also vaporized
213
00:16:48,787 --> 00:16:52,985
in our hurled skyworld
at 100,000 miles an hour
214
00:16:55,179 --> 00:16:56,265
Behind them,
215
00:16:56,575 --> 00:16:58,877
80,000 cubic miles of the
216
00:16:58,899 --> 00:17:01,752
earth's crust
explode from the ground.
217
00:17:04,877 --> 00:17:07,229
500 miles from the crash site,
218
00:17:07,349 --> 00:17:11,173
the air temperature
now reaches 600 degrees
219
00:17:11,999 --> 00:17:15,512
Hot enough to boil away
the water in the dinosaurs' skin.
220
00:17:15,632 --> 00:17:18,877
which escapes with
sudden bursts of steam.
221
00:17:19,582 --> 00:17:24,183
The fiery blast suck every
drop of moisture from the vegetation.
222
00:17:25,862 --> 00:17:29,123
Anything directly exposed
to the blistering heat...
223
00:17:29,243 --> 00:17:31,496
is simply boiled alive.
224
00:17:38,402 --> 00:17:40,862
Just 108 seconds after impact
225
00:17:40,890 --> 00:17:42,702
in the Gulf of Mexico
226
00:17:42,721 --> 00:17:45,310
The bright streams of vaporized rock
227
00:17:45,324 --> 00:17:48,013
can be seen in the
Pacific Northwest.
228
00:17:56,482 --> 00:18:00,191
From their clifftop ruse
a breeding pair of Quetzalcoatlus
229
00:18:00,215 --> 00:18:04,006
can see the glow of the fireball
high above the horizon
230
00:18:04,299 --> 00:18:06,623
... 3,000 miles away.
231
00:18:07,466 --> 00:18:09,625
That's how big it is.
232
00:18:09,977 --> 00:18:11,391
Just 2 minutes has passed
233
00:18:11,392 --> 00:18:14,156
since the asteroid
slammed into the Earth.
234
00:18:19,118 --> 00:18:22,369
The body count back near
the crash site is amass.
235
00:18:28,003 --> 00:18:31,068
Surprisingly, there are survivors.
236
00:18:31,188 --> 00:18:33,991
Those lucky enough
to be shielded by a mountain
237
00:18:34,111 --> 00:18:37,385
are spare the worse of the light
in heat blast.
238
00:18:37,890 --> 00:18:41,059
But three more waves
of destruction are coming.
239
00:18:44,491 --> 00:18:47,449
On impact,
boulders the size of buildings
240
00:18:47,472 --> 00:18:51,005
blasted into the air
at supersonic speeds.
241
00:18:57,184 --> 00:18:59,073
But what goes up...
242
00:18:59,731 --> 00:19:01,468
... Must come down.
243
00:19:04,637 --> 00:19:07,207
Hundreds of surviving Alamosaurus
244
00:19:07,231 --> 00:19:09,766
are bombarded from above.
245
00:19:22,681 --> 00:19:25,392
A second wave
hits from below.
246
00:19:28,537 --> 00:19:32,458
An earthquake measuring
11.1 on the Richter scale.
247
00:19:35,457 --> 00:19:38,098
Nearly 60 times more powerful
248
00:19:38,110 --> 00:19:40,997
than any earthquake
humans have experienced.
249
00:19:50,186 --> 00:19:53,632
The third wave is the
blast postwave.
250
00:19:54,502 --> 00:19:57,460
Radiating outward
in a perfect circle.
251
00:20:05,613 --> 00:20:07,998
Packing a force that rips
through air
252
00:20:07,999 --> 00:20:10,223
faster than
the speed of sound.
253
00:20:11,447 --> 00:20:14,104
Stripping skin from flesh.
254
00:20:15,747 --> 00:20:20,479
Lifting 30 ton dinosaurs
into the air like so many ragdolls.
255
00:20:30,093 --> 00:20:32,875
Just 5 minutes have
passed since impact.
256
00:20:32,995 --> 00:20:37,540
And three waves of destruction
have decimated an entire species.
257
00:20:38,795 --> 00:20:41,275
Many other species
of dinosaurs in the region
258
00:20:41,276 --> 00:20:43,293
shared the Alamosaurus' fate.
259
00:20:48,556 --> 00:20:51,720
Most of the eggs too,
have been destroyed.
260
00:20:52,181 --> 00:20:55,287
And the Earth
is a powerful protector.
261
00:20:55,407 --> 00:20:59,228
Some eggs, buried in a cold ground
have survived.
262
00:21:02,145 --> 00:21:05,009
New Alamosaurus life is growing.
263
00:21:05,873 --> 00:21:07,506
There is still hope...
264
00:21:08,799 --> 00:21:10,047
...for now.
265
00:21:16,398 --> 00:21:19,273
An immense boulder
the size of mount everest
266
00:21:19,393 --> 00:21:22,079
crashes into the gulf of Mexico,
267
00:21:23,947 --> 00:21:27,451
driving entire species
of dinosaurs to extinction
268
00:21:27,469 --> 00:21:29,732
in less than five minutes.
269
00:21:30,681 --> 00:21:33,676
But the worst is still to come.
270
00:21:36,797 --> 00:21:41,005
On the other side of the planet,
there is still no sign of trouble.
271
00:21:41,625 --> 00:21:45,099
Mongolia is 8,000 miles
from the impact.
272
00:21:47,735 --> 00:21:51,876
This scrubland here supports
hundreds of dinosaur species.
273
00:21:54,498 --> 00:21:56,725
For a family of Kronosaurus,
274
00:21:56,845 --> 00:22:00,122
it's business as usual
at a favorite watering hole.
275
00:22:01,378 --> 00:22:05,143
They can weigh 4 tons
and grow to 40 feet in length.
276
00:22:06,765 --> 00:22:09,208
But they're vegetarians
and docile,
277
00:22:09,328 --> 00:22:13,713
except when they have to defend
themselves or their offspring.
278
00:22:14,777 --> 00:22:17,256
which are now
at their most vulnerable
279
00:22:17,265 --> 00:22:20,842
to the hungry predators
that lurk around every corner.
280
00:22:23,790 --> 00:22:28,081
Armed with a Razor-Sharp,
oversized claw on its hind feet,
281
00:22:28,710 --> 00:22:31,912
this is the jackal
of the Cretaceous Period.
282
00:22:34,569 --> 00:22:38,335
Suurornithoides,
a very smart reptile.
283
00:22:38,598 --> 00:22:40,730
Its brain-to-body-weight ratio
284
00:22:40,731 --> 00:22:43,275
is among the highest
of any dinosaur.
285
00:22:46,114 --> 00:22:51,128
It's hungry, but it knows better than
to take on a full grown Kronosaurus...
286
00:22:53,826 --> 00:22:56,577
not when there are
easier targets,
287
00:23:22,797 --> 00:23:24,099
In its rush to eat
288
00:23:24,100 --> 00:23:27,454
The thief doesn't get as far
away from the enraged mother
289
00:23:27,455 --> 00:23:28,575
as it should.
290
00:23:31,067 --> 00:23:33,377
And it can smell its mistake.
291
00:23:36,080 --> 00:23:37,750
It's a Mexican standoff
292
00:23:37,751 --> 00:23:41,038
between two very
different kinds of dinosaur.
293
00:23:41,654 --> 00:23:44,931
One has the speed and
smart of a carnivore
294
00:23:46,762 --> 00:23:49,645
but the other is
80 times larger.
295
00:23:51,511 --> 00:23:55,511
But the large herbivores of this world
aren't made for fighting
296
00:23:56,701 --> 00:24:00,693
And that's exactly what the
Saurornithoides is counting on,
297
00:24:00,813 --> 00:24:03,611
especially when he's got backup.
298
00:24:09,848 --> 00:24:13,745
Speed and strategy give
these small hunters the edge.
299
00:24:36,194 --> 00:24:40,429
But neither great size nor
great intelligence is any guarantee
300
00:24:40,447 --> 00:24:44,738
of safety from the kind of enemy
that is now approaching.
301
00:24:46,945 --> 00:24:48,564
On the other side of the planet,
302
00:24:48,565 --> 00:24:52,938
A fireball rises 100 miles
above ground zero.
303
00:24:53,057 --> 00:24:57,029
70 billion tons of
pulverized stone and earth
304
00:24:57,149 --> 00:24:58,648
fill the upper atmosphere
305
00:24:58,649 --> 00:25:01,990
with a cloud of
microscopic dust and glass,
306
00:25:02,712 --> 00:25:05,238
and it's spreading fast.
307
00:25:06,463 --> 00:25:09,007
This is the Ejecta Cloud.
308
00:25:09,571 --> 00:25:12,277
As the dust spreads
at high altitude,
309
00:25:12,397 --> 00:25:16,143
trillions of tiny particles
re-enter the Atmosphere.
310
00:25:16,899 --> 00:25:19,425
The friction creates
intense heat...
311
00:25:20,064 --> 00:25:24,918
A 15,000-degree dust cloud
heating up everything beneath it.
312
00:25:28,796 --> 00:25:32,082
From their Cliff-Top Perch
in the Pacific Northwest,
313
00:25:32,101 --> 00:25:37,228
the male and female Quetzalcoatlus
have a clear view of the approaching cloud.
314
00:25:42,784 --> 00:25:47,245
Down in the valley, a thick
ocean fog blocks out the sky.
315
00:25:49,214 --> 00:25:54,209
The heavy blanket of moisture makes it
impossible to see the coming apocalypse.
316
00:25:54,989 --> 00:25:58,181
But the animals down here
do get a warning.
317
00:25:59,047 --> 00:26:02,906
Not from above,
but from below.
318
00:26:09,560 --> 00:26:11,197
When the asteroid struck,
319
00:26:11,786 --> 00:26:14,931
most of the energy
is deflected out or up.
320
00:26:14,932 --> 00:26:19,443
Only 1% of the force
travels down into the ground.
321
00:26:21,170 --> 00:26:24,203
But it's enough to ring
the planet like a bell.
322
00:26:26,776 --> 00:26:31,133
Seismic waves radiate both
across and through the Earth.
323
00:26:35,022 --> 00:26:38,555
16 minutes and 40 seconds
after impact,
324
00:26:38,675 --> 00:26:41,388
they reach the Pacific Northwest.
325
00:26:47,850 --> 00:26:53,727
In the valley, the ground shakes as the 11.1
earthquake ripples through the ground.
326
00:26:56,842 --> 00:26:59,943
Triceratops panic of
the sight of the valley
327
00:27:00,063 --> 00:27:02,651
in a desperate attempt
to escape the tremors
328
00:27:02,652 --> 00:27:04,261
and falling debris.
329
00:27:07,461 --> 00:27:10,963
Smaller animals take
shelter on the ground.
330
00:27:12,832 --> 00:27:16,058
Meanwhile,
The ejecta cloud is approaching
331
00:27:16,178 --> 00:27:18,948
at 10,000 miles/hour
332
00:27:20,225 --> 00:27:23,408
It bakes the Earth
with unrelented heat.
333
00:27:38,087 --> 00:27:40,800
Million of volts
of static electricity
334
00:27:40,801 --> 00:27:43,542
charge the cloud
like a giant battery,
335
00:27:44,246 --> 00:27:47,007
creating a vast electrical storm.
336
00:27:52,587 --> 00:27:55,380
Superheated rocks
shower the valley.
337
00:27:55,799 --> 00:27:57,545
A burning hell.
338
00:28:00,037 --> 00:28:03,804
The Quetzalcoatlus are fleeing
the quake's devastation below
339
00:28:03,924 --> 00:28:07,304
But there's no way to hide
from a rain of fire.
340
00:28:08,981 --> 00:28:12,006
Only the valley floor
can provide shelter,
341
00:28:12,126 --> 00:28:14,972
but there too big
to descend quickly.
342
00:28:19,824 --> 00:28:22,115
Until the males'
tattered wings
343
00:28:22,116 --> 00:28:24,388
can no longer keep him aloft.
344
00:28:29,426 --> 00:28:33,247
If his mate doesn't find shelter,
she'll be next.
345
00:28:46,409 --> 00:28:48,071
On the mountain slopes,
346
00:28:48,099 --> 00:28:52,531
a pair of Triceratops
emerges above the cool sea nest.
347
00:28:55,185 --> 00:28:58,810
They're almost out of the
quake ravaged valley
348
00:29:00,847 --> 00:29:03,345
when the ejecta cloud arrives...
349
00:29:04,717 --> 00:29:06,745
Like a blowtorch.
350
00:29:21,512 --> 00:29:25,164
A dinosaur paradise
just hours ago...
351
00:29:26,793 --> 00:29:30,454
North America is
now a living hell.
352
00:29:34,642 --> 00:29:37,262
But the Ejecta
isn't finished yet,
353
00:29:38,157 --> 00:29:40,232
not by a long shot.
354
00:29:46,044 --> 00:29:49,152
Less than an hour
since the asteroid impact,
355
00:29:50,185 --> 00:29:52,448
hundreds of species of dinosaurs
356
00:29:52,476 --> 00:29:55,725
lie devastated
across the western hemisphere.
357
00:29:58,010 --> 00:30:01,822
The ejecta cloud continues
to spread at high altitude.
358
00:30:04,995 --> 00:30:09,455
As it spans the globe, the effects
on the ground very dramatically.
359
00:30:11,882 --> 00:30:14,352
8,000 miles away in Asia,
360
00:30:14,389 --> 00:30:17,694
the cloud rolls in
silently from the east.
361
00:30:18,812 --> 00:30:22,718
In Mongolia, temperatures
on the ground tick upwards
362
00:30:23,335 --> 00:30:25,993
a few degrees
hotter every second.
363
00:30:28,866 --> 00:30:32,190
There's no audible warning,
only mounting heat.
364
00:30:34,573 --> 00:30:37,880
As the air reaches
120 degrees,
365
00:30:38,000 --> 00:30:40,451
the only hope is shelter.
366
00:30:42,519 --> 00:30:46,509
At 160 degrees, survival
is measured in minutes
367
00:30:47,329 --> 00:30:50,653
Over 200 degrees, just seconds.
368
00:30:54,428 --> 00:30:56,316
90 minutes after impact,
369
00:30:56,353 --> 00:31:00,738
The temperature on the ground
in Mongolia peaks at 300 degrees.
370
00:31:04,201 --> 00:31:07,328
But not every dinosaurs's
baked alive
371
00:31:11,600 --> 00:31:13,592
The micro climate of a cave
372
00:31:13,712 --> 00:31:17,260
can keep a handful of survivors
cool enough to breathe,
373
00:31:20,790 --> 00:31:23,570
but it's a refuge
that has to be shared,
374
00:31:24,857 --> 00:31:28,510
forcing an uneasy peace
between sworn enemies...
375
00:31:28,993 --> 00:31:32,167
one that's already
fraying at the edges.
376
00:31:35,328 --> 00:31:37,390
Back in the Pacific Northwest,
377
00:31:37,391 --> 00:31:42,370
the dense fog still shields the valley
from the intense heat above.
378
00:31:44,353 --> 00:31:46,165
In sheltered areas like this,
379
00:31:46,184 --> 00:31:49,029
small pockets of dinosaurs
hang on.
380
00:31:51,608 --> 00:31:53,602
For the Triceratops here,
381
00:31:53,722 --> 00:31:57,534
the high temperatures and humidity
force them to keep moving.
382
00:32:05,077 --> 00:32:08,176
For scavengers
There's no shortage of food.
383
00:32:16,685 --> 00:32:20,939
But most animals caught by
Ejecta Cloud aren't so lucky.
384
00:32:22,282 --> 00:32:24,369
The female Quetzalcoatlus,
385
00:32:24,489 --> 00:32:27,723
is one of the few
survivors of her species.
386
00:32:29,112 --> 00:32:32,614
The last thing these animals need
is a new threat.
387
00:32:38,191 --> 00:32:40,322
But the aftereffects of impact
388
00:32:40,360 --> 00:32:42,520
are just getting started.
389
00:32:45,341 --> 00:32:48,140
Above the valley, and
across North America
390
00:32:48,163 --> 00:32:52,332
The intense heat of the Ejecta Cloud
has ignited fires.
391
00:32:54,383 --> 00:32:58,317
blazes so intense
they generate their own winds.
392
00:33:02,172 --> 00:33:05,317
Down in the valley
the air pressure plummets,
393
00:33:10,912 --> 00:33:14,367
creating a vacuum
that sucks in the flames.
394
00:33:25,805 --> 00:33:29,402
The dry vegetation goes up
like a powder keg.
395
00:33:31,695 --> 00:33:33,930
Building a wall of fire.
396
00:33:43,391 --> 00:33:46,790
The front of the fire burns
hottest and fastest...
397
00:33:49,669 --> 00:33:53,481
moving across the valley floor
at nine miles an hour.
398
00:33:59,624 --> 00:34:02,469
T-Rex can run twice that speed,
399
00:34:05,736 --> 00:34:08,553
but it can't keep
the pace up forever.
400
00:34:11,340 --> 00:34:14,298
The valley basin is now
a fire storm
401
00:34:15,641 --> 00:34:18,195
1,800 degrees
402
00:34:18,749 --> 00:34:21,518
hot enough to melt
solid aluminum.
403
00:34:22,124 --> 00:34:25,431
The panicked animals race up
the valley slopes.
404
00:34:25,551 --> 00:34:28,227
but fire goes faster
uphill.
405
00:34:29,298 --> 00:34:32,950
Some lucky creatures escape
below the flames.
406
00:34:42,774 --> 00:34:46,418
But large dinosaurs
have no place to hide.
407
00:34:50,295 --> 00:34:53,349
Her wings still damaged
from the falling ejecta,
408
00:34:53,469 --> 00:34:57,159
the wounded Quetzalcoatlus
struggles to take off.
409
00:35:07,815 --> 00:35:11,627
For dinosaurs,
time is running out.
410
00:35:16,702 --> 00:35:19,606
Two hours after
the asteroid impact,
411
00:35:19,726 --> 00:35:23,332
the entire planet is covered
in dust and smoke.
412
00:35:24,148 --> 00:35:27,792
Fires rage across
The Western Hemisphere.
413
00:35:31,790 --> 00:35:34,213
One of the few
remaining Quetzalcoatlus,
414
00:35:34,251 --> 00:35:37,077
a flying pterosaurs
as big as a giraffe,
415
00:35:37,114 --> 00:35:39,468
is struggling to get airborne.
416
00:35:49,676 --> 00:35:52,561
From above, what was once
a lush valley
417
00:35:52,681 --> 00:35:54,925
is now an inferno.
418
00:35:55,610 --> 00:35:58,812
Animals that fly
can escape the flames,
419
00:35:59,420 --> 00:36:01,833
but there are few places to land
420
00:36:02,434 --> 00:36:04,650
and almost nothing to eat.
421
00:36:05,786 --> 00:36:09,586
A food chain once is enough
to support giants
422
00:36:09,836 --> 00:36:12,495
now lacks its basic components,
423
00:36:13,345 --> 00:36:14,847
... Plants.
424
00:36:20,327 --> 00:36:23,340
8,000 miles away in Mongolia,
425
00:36:23,460 --> 00:36:25,784
the temperatures are
finally dropping.
426
00:36:29,392 --> 00:36:33,594
A handful of animals remain
safely holed up in their cave.
427
00:36:40,173 --> 00:36:43,025
It seems the worst is over.
428
00:36:44,739 --> 00:36:46,972
The Ravenous Saurornithoides
429
00:36:46,995 --> 00:36:49,955
can't resist the sight of
an easy meal.
430
00:37:00,323 --> 00:37:03,239
Soon,
The Braver Kronosaurus follow,
431
00:37:03,359 --> 00:37:06,242
making their way back
towards the watering hole.
432
00:37:07,046 --> 00:37:09,947
One stays near the protection
of the cave.
433
00:37:17,036 --> 00:37:19,461
As the ejecta begins to clears,
434
00:37:19,581 --> 00:37:22,925
the parting clouds reveal
the shift in temperature
435
00:37:23,045 --> 00:37:25,341
is throwing earth's weather systems
436
00:37:25,364 --> 00:37:26,755
into turmoil.
437
00:37:28,017 --> 00:37:30,988
And in Mongolia,
powerful winds are gathering
438
00:37:31,016 --> 00:37:34,350
billions of tons of dust and sand.
439
00:37:36,801 --> 00:37:40,716
A dust storm forms as
hot air rises.
440
00:37:42,838 --> 00:37:45,636
Thermal imaging shows
how it builds,
441
00:37:46,294 --> 00:37:49,777
whipping up loose particles
of sand and dust
442
00:37:50,225 --> 00:37:53,831
and gaining energy from
the heat of the sand itself.
443
00:37:55,622 --> 00:37:58,044
The 300 degrees temperatures
that baked Mongolia
444
00:37:58,082 --> 00:38:01,312
turn a common weather phenomenon
445
00:38:01,934 --> 00:38:04,159
into a superstorm.
446
00:38:14,553 --> 00:38:16,872
As it hits, The Saurornithoides
447
00:38:16,900 --> 00:38:19,877
are small
enough to crouch for cover.
448
00:38:21,689 --> 00:38:24,600
But the Kronosaurus
are out in the open.
449
00:38:27,297 --> 00:38:30,058
The sand blasts their bodies.
450
00:38:37,844 --> 00:38:39,592
The harder they struggle
451
00:38:39,712 --> 00:38:41,966
and the deeper
they gasp for oxygen,
452
00:38:42,426 --> 00:38:45,205
the more sand fills
their lungs...
453
00:38:48,032 --> 00:38:50,981
until finally they can't breathe.
454
00:38:57,746 --> 00:39:00,825
The superstorm engulfs much
of the continent.
455
00:39:01,943 --> 00:39:04,778
It's hours before
the winds die down.
456
00:39:14,715 --> 00:39:16,801
The last Kronosaurus,
457
00:39:16,921 --> 00:39:19,466
protected once again by the cave,
458
00:39:20,112 --> 00:39:22,741
heads to the watering hole
on her own.
459
00:39:27,004 --> 00:39:28,447
Halfway there,
460
00:39:28,567 --> 00:39:31,356
she finds
she's the last of the herd.
461
00:39:34,194 --> 00:39:37,762
But she's not the last remaining
dinosaur in the neighborhood.
462
00:39:55,360 --> 00:39:57,924
Huddled close to
a Kronosaurus Corpse,
463
00:39:58,044 --> 00:40:00,093
the Saurornithoides was sheltered
999
04:40:39,999 --> 04:40:40,998
Sukentang
464
00:40:00,121 --> 00:40:02,243
from the worst of the storm.
465
00:40:03,398 --> 00:40:06,271
But the sand has
swallowed their meal.
466
00:40:14,633 --> 00:40:18,173
Instinct drives them
back to their prime hunting spot...
467
00:40:19,325 --> 00:40:21,034
the watering hole,
468
00:40:21,532 --> 00:40:24,123
where the last surviving
Kronosaurus
469
00:40:24,133 --> 00:40:26,781
is taking in the
much-needed fluid.
470
00:40:31,392 --> 00:40:33,598
She's lucky to be alive.
471
00:40:34,213 --> 00:40:37,922
But too exhausted to run
from any new sign of danger.
472
00:40:42,273 --> 00:40:44,902
And danger has arrived.
473
00:40:46,818 --> 00:40:50,057
The Saurornithoides are
desperate for food.
474
00:40:50,394 --> 00:40:52,235
But they're weak from hunger
475
00:40:52,676 --> 00:40:54,939
and abofitting from the sandstorm.
476
00:40:55,722 --> 00:40:58,783
Only one has the confidence
to attack.
477
00:41:14,674 --> 00:41:17,763
Its prey is still too
exhausted to run.
478
00:41:25,514 --> 00:41:28,744
But this time,
size dose matter.
479
00:41:49,058 --> 00:41:52,016
The remaining Saurornithoides
moves in.
480
00:41:55,697 --> 00:42:00,073
But it has no intention of
making a run at the Kronosaurus...
481
00:42:07,705 --> 00:42:11,611
not when fate offers it a meal
that can't fight back.
482
00:42:18,856 --> 00:42:20,662
A week after impact,
483
00:42:20,663 --> 00:42:24,798
food is in very short supply
across the entire planet.
484
00:42:27,440 --> 00:42:29,843
Life is hardest for
the plant eaters.
485
00:42:47,781 --> 00:42:50,626
Huge herbivores have to eat
vast amount
486
00:42:50,645 --> 00:42:53,218
just to sustain
their massive bulk.
487
00:42:55,917 --> 00:42:59,222
But there are simply no
plants to be found.
488
00:43:02,263 --> 00:43:06,076
They can only hope that something,
somewhere is growing.
489
00:43:13,946 --> 00:43:16,342
The Carnivores are
more fortunate.
490
00:43:16,462 --> 00:43:18,828
they can eat the Herbivores.
491
00:43:25,642 --> 00:43:27,379
But two triceratops
492
00:43:27,398 --> 00:43:29,586
are a little too much to take on...
493
00:43:34,864 --> 00:43:36,263
for now.
494
00:43:38,961 --> 00:43:41,611
Three days after
the asteroid impact,
495
00:43:41,731 --> 00:43:45,024
A once blue planet
is shrouded in darkness
496
00:43:45,144 --> 00:43:48,083
and the landscape is
anything but green.
497
00:43:49,718 --> 00:43:52,441
Fire, heat and acid rain
498
00:43:52,460 --> 00:43:55,944
have battered the terrain
until it's unrecognizable.
499
00:43:56,952 --> 00:44:01,704
Normally, Triceratops wouldn't travel
more than a few miles a day.
500
00:44:03,305 --> 00:44:05,042
They wouldn't have to.
501
00:44:06,070 --> 00:44:09,901
But now most of the continent
is stripped of vegetation.
502
00:44:10,263 --> 00:44:12,657
Hunger drives the
giant herbivores
503
00:44:12,685 --> 00:44:14,864
toward the Pacific coast.
504
00:44:15,728 --> 00:44:19,108
The devastation reaches
all the way to the sea.
505
00:44:23,216 --> 00:44:26,665
But Geography has a way of
protecting certain places
506
00:44:26,666 --> 00:44:28,774
from Cataclysmic events...
507
00:44:30,022 --> 00:44:31,978
in this case, an island,
508
00:44:32,098 --> 00:44:35,600
apparently untouched by
the surrounding desolation.
509
00:44:36,154 --> 00:44:38,473
There may still be food here.
510
00:44:46,895 --> 00:44:51,158
The female Quetzalcoatlus
has been flying for three days.
511
00:44:55,959 --> 00:44:59,048
She's weak and
in desperate need of food.
512
00:45:04,141 --> 00:45:08,226
From 1,000 feet up,
the island comes into view.
513
00:45:08,873 --> 00:45:12,075
But all is not as peaceful
as it seems.
514
00:45:16,209 --> 00:45:17,711
Deep below the surface,
515
00:45:17,739 --> 00:45:21,730
The Ocean floor was shaken by
the asteroid's initial impact.
516
00:45:26,828 --> 00:45:30,170
Sedimentary rock disintegrates
under the strain
517
00:45:31,203 --> 00:45:35,034
and Collapses hundreds of feet
into the ocean floor.
518
00:45:41,453 --> 00:45:44,478
On the surface
Sea level plunges,
519
00:45:44,598 --> 00:45:46,814
triggering a massive swell.
520
00:45:48,165 --> 00:45:49,413
At the coast,
521
00:45:49,442 --> 00:45:53,106
the ocean is dragged back
hundreds of feet from the land.
522
00:45:53,226 --> 00:45:56,606
Exposing huge expansive seabed.
523
00:46:00,179 --> 00:46:03,747
The path to the island
is suddenly dry land.
524
00:46:15,092 --> 00:46:17,580
The forest ahead of them
appears untouched
525
00:46:17,608 --> 00:46:20,162
by the hellstorm of the ejecta.
526
00:46:20,745 --> 00:46:23,055
it seems too good to be true.
527
00:46:36,881 --> 00:46:38,560
Half a mile from the coast,
528
00:46:38,561 --> 00:46:42,787
the three Triceratops
finally reach the Promised Land.
529
00:46:46,648 --> 00:46:49,249
Sheltered from the ejecta
by sea mist
530
00:46:49,277 --> 00:46:52,160
and protected from fires
by the surrounding ocean,
531
00:46:52,389 --> 00:46:54,943
the island has all
the food they need.
532
00:47:03,570 --> 00:47:07,514
The Quetzalcoatlus hasn't
had a decent meal for days.
533
00:47:38,427 --> 00:47:41,760
The asteroid has awakened
the ocean's most destructive force...
534
00:47:41,783 --> 00:47:44,581
A Mega Tsunami.
535
00:47:45,617 --> 00:47:49,091
A wall of water, 300 feet tall.
536
00:48:02,677 --> 00:48:05,895
Within seconds,
the land is deluged.
537
00:48:16,724 --> 00:48:20,076
And as quickly as it came,
The flood is gone.
538
00:48:22,363 --> 00:48:26,738
But this is only one in an
amens army of mega-tsunami.
539
00:48:28,014 --> 00:48:30,540
The asteroid impact
against
540
00:48:30,559 --> 00:48:33,620
more than 13,000 miles of coast.
541
00:48:34,164 --> 00:48:38,982
Huge wafts of shoreline
simply wash away into the sea.
542
00:48:39,958 --> 00:48:43,789
The avalanche of water leaves
countless dead in its wake.
543
00:48:46,286 --> 00:48:50,465
But as devastating as
the first wave of disasters is,
544
00:48:50,941 --> 00:48:52,715
there's more to come...
545
00:48:56,657 --> 00:48:59,495
In the days following
the asteroid's arrival,
546
00:48:59,615 --> 00:49:03,089
a series of plagues
have been unleashed on the planet.
547
00:49:04,632 --> 00:49:06,182
Firestorms...
548
00:49:06,679 --> 00:49:08,238
Earthquakes...
549
00:49:09,103 --> 00:49:10,652
Sandstorms...
550
00:49:11,196 --> 00:49:13,300
and towering tsunamis.
551
00:49:14,417 --> 00:49:18,062
But these are only the outward
signs of a catastrophe
552
00:49:18,182 --> 00:49:20,117
that reaches much deeper.
553
00:49:22,749 --> 00:49:24,798
Across all continents,
554
00:49:24,918 --> 00:49:27,802
thousands of dinosaurs
may be walking,
555
00:49:27,922 --> 00:49:30,439
but their species are already dead.
556
00:49:31,067 --> 00:49:32,806
Because to survive
557
00:49:32,926 --> 00:49:37,297
any species needs to maintain
a critical mass of population
558
00:49:37,804 --> 00:49:39,750
Fall below
that threshold,
559
00:49:39,870 --> 00:49:43,626
and there's no way to
climb back from certain extinction.
560
00:49:45,770 --> 00:49:47,941
The final nail in the coffin
561
00:49:48,061 --> 00:49:51,967
may take a while to develop,
but it's no less deadly,
562
00:49:52,568 --> 00:49:55,188
and no less final.
563
00:49:56,529 --> 00:49:58,888
The coup de grace
for the dinosaurs
564
00:49:59,008 --> 00:50:01,252
comes from
inside the planet.
565
00:50:02,224 --> 00:50:05,033
Because when a rock
6 miles across
566
00:50:05,153 --> 00:50:09,406
slams into the Earth
at 45,000 miles/hour
567
00:50:09,894 --> 00:50:12,854
it shoots 1,000,000
megaton of energy
568
00:50:12,974 --> 00:50:15,180
straight into the ground.
569
00:50:18,182 --> 00:50:21,534
Seismic shock waves
ripple through the planet.
570
00:50:29,312 --> 00:50:31,896
The aftershocks
continue for months
571
00:50:32,016 --> 00:50:35,359
As tectonic plates shear and tear.
572
00:50:38,111 --> 00:50:39,998
Deep inside the planet,
573
00:50:40,505 --> 00:50:44,177
they trigger molten rock to
force its way to the surface
574
00:50:44,205 --> 00:50:46,862
through newly formed fractures...
575
00:50:51,184 --> 00:50:53,871
until it explodes from
the earth's crust
576
00:50:53,991 --> 00:50:56,780
in violent Volcanic Eruptions.
577
00:50:59,456 --> 00:51:01,760
The seismic waves awaken
578
00:51:01,779 --> 00:51:03,995
dormant Volcanoes
around the world,
579
00:51:12,591 --> 00:51:16,386
adding to the debris clouds
of dust and toxic gases
580
00:51:16,506 --> 00:51:18,826
that already surround the globe.
581
00:51:25,095 --> 00:51:27,875
The shroud is already
many miles deep,
582
00:51:29,663 --> 00:51:32,191
a thick blanket
stopping light
583
00:51:32,311 --> 00:51:35,137
and warmth
reaching the earth surface.
584
00:51:35,877 --> 00:51:40,046
The planet plunges further
into a nuclear winter.
585
00:51:42,071 --> 00:51:44,411
In the days and weeks
that follow,
586
00:51:44,531 --> 00:51:47,488
the only growth to
thrive is fungus
587
00:51:47,608 --> 00:51:50,331
which lives off the rotting remains.
588
00:51:54,743 --> 00:51:56,539
Here in Mongolia,
589
00:51:56,659 --> 00:51:59,410
few signs of dinosaurs remain.
590
00:52:05,931 --> 00:52:08,262
and for the starving Kronosauraus
591
00:52:08,382 --> 00:52:10,391
the future looks bleak.
592
00:52:11,415 --> 00:52:13,049
But it stays near the cave
593
00:52:13,059 --> 00:52:15,650
that has saved it twice
in the past.
594
00:52:17,181 --> 00:52:20,167
The watering hole that once
provided plenty.
595
00:52:31,474 --> 00:52:33,485
But the last Kronosaurus
596
00:52:33,605 --> 00:52:36,168
doesn't fall victim to starvation.
597
00:52:47,408 --> 00:52:48,997
Bubbling to the surface
598
00:52:49,117 --> 00:52:51,972
is one of nature's
most toxic gases...
599
00:52:52,357 --> 00:52:54,177
Hydrogen Sulfide.
600
00:52:57,670 --> 00:53:01,560
Released from deep underground
by Volcanic activity,
601
00:53:01,680 --> 00:53:04,791
it collects invisibly
in low lying areas
602
00:53:05,251 --> 00:53:07,824
like the waterhole's natural basin
603
00:53:10,199 --> 00:53:12,730
the gas paralyzes the lungs,
604
00:53:12,850 --> 00:53:17,310
making escape impossible.
Then it kills by suffocation.
605
00:53:25,368 --> 00:53:27,492
What was once a refuge...
606
00:53:27,612 --> 00:53:30,392
is transformed
into a death trap.
607
00:53:36,942 --> 00:53:41,195
The last dinosaur in this part
of Mongolia is dead.
608
00:53:46,749 --> 00:53:49,537
Mexico, too
is a graveyard.
609
00:53:53,441 --> 00:53:56,720
Just 500 miles
from ground zero
610
00:53:56,840 --> 00:54:00,596
It's been hit by wave after wave
of devastation
611
00:54:04,655 --> 00:54:08,148
There would seem to be little
that nature could throw at it.
612
00:54:09,857 --> 00:54:12,864
And yet, amidst
all this destruction,
613
00:54:12,984 --> 00:54:15,735
beneath the thin layer
of charged soil,
614
00:54:15,855 --> 00:54:19,685
a lone Alamosaurus egg
survives.
615
00:54:32,639 --> 00:54:34,484
In the Pacific Northwest,
616
00:54:34,604 --> 00:54:36,566
just a handful of dinosaurs
617
00:54:36,594 --> 00:54:39,008
patrol the gray wasteland.
618
00:54:40,297 --> 00:54:43,988
An Ankylosaurus,
severely weakened by hunger,
619
00:54:44,108 --> 00:54:47,263
searches the charred terrain
for something to eat.
620
00:54:51,020 --> 00:54:55,014
25 feet long
and weighing 4 tons,
621
00:54:55,134 --> 00:54:57,202
this heavily armored herbivore
622
00:54:57,322 --> 00:55:01,509
is used to getting nearly
300 pounds of food every day.
623
00:55:04,145 --> 00:55:07,601
All it can find now
is a small bush.
624
00:55:12,002 --> 00:55:15,082
And even that won't come
without a fight.
625
00:55:36,553 --> 00:55:39,239
But hunger is the least
of their worries.
626
00:55:42,301 --> 00:55:45,729
It's two of this world's
best armored warriors
627
00:55:46,315 --> 00:55:50,587
versus a hungry Carnivore
that won't take no for an answer.
628
00:56:35,788 --> 00:56:38,646
The Ankylosaurus's main
defense weapon
629
00:56:38,766 --> 00:56:40,794
is a heavy tail club.
630
00:56:44,236 --> 00:56:47,128
But it's too weak
to get in a good shot.
631
00:56:53,857 --> 00:56:56,036
Not so T-Rex.
632
00:57:31,599 --> 00:57:33,785
With food sources
disappearing,
633
00:57:33,905 --> 00:57:37,614
starving giants are forced
to fight for every calorie.
634
00:57:38,036 --> 00:57:39,792
Even to the death.
635
00:57:40,216 --> 00:57:43,326
So the dinosaurs that outlast
the ejecta,
636
00:57:43,446 --> 00:57:46,122
firestorms,
and poison gas
637
00:57:46,658 --> 00:57:51,306
ultimately fall victim to the demands
of their own massive bodies.
638
00:57:52,440 --> 00:57:54,996
It took 160 million years
639
00:57:55,011 --> 00:57:58,834
to bring the dinosaurs
to this point of their evolution.
640
00:58:00,005 --> 00:58:03,094
It took just one rock
to bring them down.
641
00:58:03,929 --> 00:58:05,751
The events
triggered by the impact
642
00:58:05,760 --> 00:58:08,446
flashed by a breakneck speed.
643
00:58:13,294 --> 00:58:16,805
Seismic shocks caused
massive earthquakes
644
00:58:19,107 --> 00:58:22,337
boulders the size of buildings
raining down
645
00:58:24,284 --> 00:58:27,195
followed by a brutal
blast wave
646
00:58:27,880 --> 00:58:30,960
all within the first 3 minutes.
647
00:58:32,451 --> 00:58:36,435
By the time the super heated
Ejecta Cloud hit Mongolia
648
00:58:36,555 --> 00:58:38,838
just 44 minutes later,
649
00:58:38,958 --> 00:58:41,484
the whole planet
was in shock.
650
00:58:56,155 --> 00:59:00,305
In the coming days,
forest fires race the earth.
651
00:59:04,009 --> 00:59:08,281
Violent dust storms destroy
entire ecosystems.
652
00:59:11,684 --> 00:59:15,017
Titanic waves
wreck coastlines.
653
00:59:24,588 --> 00:59:26,148
Put all these together,
654
00:59:26,268 --> 00:59:28,710
it is hard to believe
that anything on Earth
655
00:59:28,728 --> 00:59:30,597
could have survived.
656
00:59:31,078 --> 00:59:33,276
But something has.
657
00:59:42,905 --> 00:59:47,027
Mexico, 500 miles
from the point of impact
658
00:59:49,068 --> 00:59:51,378
the very first landmass
to feel the force
659
00:59:51,396 --> 00:59:53,856
of the asteroid's strike...
660
00:59:54,724 --> 00:59:58,696
a region that has suffered wave
upon wave of violence...
661
01:00:02,102 --> 01:00:04,451
yet even here, even now,
662
01:00:04,571 --> 01:00:06,543
life remains.
663
01:00:08,768 --> 01:00:12,017
a last surviving
Alamosaurus egg.
664
01:00:14,005 --> 01:00:16,026
Buried safe within the soil,
665
01:00:16,146 --> 01:00:19,517
a chick has survived
the barrage of destruction.
666
01:00:21,195 --> 01:00:22,932
And he's not alone.
667
01:00:27,306 --> 01:00:28,836
All around the world,
668
01:00:28,956 --> 01:00:32,890
small handfuls of dinosaurs
try to start over.
669
01:00:35,644 --> 01:00:37,532
But inbreeding and disease,
670
01:00:37,560 --> 01:00:40,320
weaken their
tiny populations.
671
01:00:41,813 --> 01:00:43,036
Eventually,
672
01:00:43,156 --> 01:00:46,480
the huge numbers of dinosaurs
that had ruled the world
673
01:00:46,837 --> 01:00:50,536
are reduced to a single,
solitary dinosaur.
674
01:00:53,218 --> 01:00:55,810
And it too, is gone.
675
01:00:57,988 --> 01:00:59,183
And with it,
676
01:00:59,303 --> 01:01:01,708
a dynasty that had
ruled the Earth
677
01:01:01,828 --> 01:01:04,790
for 160 million years.
678
01:01:10,849 --> 01:01:13,985
But dinosaurs weren't
the only animals on the planet.
679
01:01:14,342 --> 01:01:16,919
There were other, humbler
lifeforms that had lived
680
01:01:16,929 --> 01:01:20,027
in the dinosaurs' shadow
for a very long time.
681
01:01:20,541 --> 01:01:23,031
When floods and
fire storms hit,
682
01:01:23,151 --> 01:01:25,499
they found shelter on the ground.
683
01:01:26,661 --> 01:01:29,740
Some hid deep inside
trees and plants.
684
01:01:32,365 --> 01:01:35,079
Others took refuge
beneath the soil.
685
01:01:44,090 --> 01:01:46,409
And small mammals,
like Mesodma,
686
01:01:46,428 --> 01:01:49,376
survived by scampering into burrows.
687
01:01:52,620 --> 01:01:54,360
Down here they were protected
688
01:01:54,361 --> 01:01:57,099
from the worst the asteroid
could throw at them.
689
01:02:01,782 --> 01:02:05,754
The earth would be inherited by
animals that were good at hiding.
690
01:02:10,404 --> 01:02:13,080
Fish were sheltered
beneath the water.
691
01:02:17,668 --> 01:02:20,081
So are the aquatic reptiles.
692
01:02:21,865 --> 01:02:24,159
Birds, especially waterfowl,
693
01:02:24,279 --> 01:02:28,307
could survive by diving underwater
or hiding in burrows.
694
01:02:32,992 --> 01:02:35,452
It will be years before
all the Sun's energy
695
01:02:35,480 --> 01:02:37,630
could reach the land again.
696
01:02:39,862 --> 01:02:43,477
But the heavy cloud
slowly begins to clear.
697
01:02:44,406 --> 01:02:47,956
In the Gulf of Mexico
where the asteroid struck,
698
01:02:48,076 --> 01:02:50,561
a shallow crater
can be seen.
699
01:02:52,981 --> 01:02:56,258
A tiny scar for such
a fatal wound.
700
01:02:59,751 --> 01:03:03,281
Out of the ruins,
nature starts over.
701
01:03:07,461 --> 01:03:10,588
Simple organisms like
mold and fungus dominate
702
01:03:10,601 --> 01:03:12,949
the burnt
and rotting landscape.
703
01:03:13,996 --> 01:03:16,128
Then new growth emerges,
704
01:03:17,299 --> 01:03:19,637
and one plant in
particular...
705
01:03:20,360 --> 01:03:21,965
Ferns...
706
01:03:23,462 --> 01:03:27,781
Tough and resilient, they soon
carpet the planet in green,
707
01:03:29,584 --> 01:03:33,715
It takes thousands of years for
ferns to give way to forests.
708
01:03:34,220 --> 01:03:37,713
Breathing Oxygen
and life into the planet again,
709
01:03:38,352 --> 01:03:41,357
and setting the stage
for a new era...
710
01:03:42,477 --> 01:03:44,019
because waiting in the wings
711
01:03:44,139 --> 01:03:46,571
are creatures
whose development
712
01:03:46,590 --> 01:03:48,920
had long been thwarted
by the dinosaurs...
713
01:03:49,040 --> 01:03:50,374
The mammals.
714
01:03:50,984 --> 01:03:52,648
Unlike the dinosaurs,
715
01:03:52,768 --> 01:03:55,062
the mammals are fast breeders,
716
01:03:55,182 --> 01:03:57,271
brilliant adapters.
717
01:03:57,272 --> 01:03:59,567
They multiply...
718
01:04:01,167 --> 01:04:02,951
And diversify
719
01:04:07,149 --> 01:04:09,168
10,000 species,
720
01:04:09,196 --> 01:04:11,543
exploding
across the planet.
721
01:04:14,138 --> 01:04:18,091
But it's millions of years
before one very important species
722
01:04:18,129 --> 01:04:20,525
branches off from its relatives,
723
01:04:20,645 --> 01:04:22,852
and comes down from the trees.
724
01:04:23,826 --> 01:04:25,798
They walk on two legs,
725
01:04:26,593 --> 01:04:28,670
evolve bigger brains,
726
01:04:28,790 --> 01:04:31,175
and eventually...
rule the planet.
727
01:04:31,861 --> 01:04:34,537
Just as the dinosaurs
once did.
728
01:04:38,158 --> 01:04:41,566
But unlike them,
They'll reshape the world,
729
01:04:43,912 --> 01:04:46,409
building cities
that touch the sky...
730
01:04:48,896 --> 01:04:51,497
vehicles that
can leave the planet...
731
01:04:53,346 --> 01:04:55,825
and weapons that can destroy it.
732
01:04:59,852 --> 01:05:02,004
But none of it could
have been possible
733
01:05:02,124 --> 01:05:04,659
if a chance collision in space
734
01:05:05,326 --> 01:05:08,584
165 million years ago,
735
01:05:08,704 --> 01:05:11,937
hadn't sent an asteroid
hurdling toward earth
736
01:05:13,615 --> 01:05:16,413
and doomed the dinosaurs
to extinction.
737
01:05:20,381 --> 01:05:22,608
Only because they died
738
01:05:22,728 --> 01:05:25,385
can human beings live.57236
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