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time you get down
time you get down 4000
time you get down 4000 metres,
time you get down 4000 metres, it
time you get down 4000 metres, it is
time you get down 4000 metres, it is about
about 0-3dC.
about 0-3dC. It
about 0-3dC. It is
about 0-3dC. It is tough
about 0-3dC. It is tough to
about 0-3dC. It is tough to get
about 0-3dC. It is tough to get down
about 0-3dC. It is tough to get down there,
there, and
there, and you
there, and you need
there, and you need specialist
there, and you need specialist equipment,
equipment, and
equipment, and that's
equipment, and that's why
equipment, and that's why we
equipment, and that's why we are
equipment, and that's why we are pleased
pleased to
pleased to be
pleased to be partnering
pleased to be partnering with
pleased to be partnering with an
pleased to be partnering with an institution
institution who
institution who have
institution who have some
institution who have some fabulous
institution who have some fabulous kit
kit and
kit and I'm
kit and I'm pleased
kit and I'm pleased to
kit and I'm pleased to be
kit and I'm pleased to be passing
kit and I'm pleased to be passing over
over to
over to Andy
over to Andy Bowen
over to Andy Bowen of
over to Andy Bowen of the
over to Andy Bowen of the US
over to Andy Bowen of the US National
National deep
National deep sea
National deep sea submergence
National deep sea submergence facility,
facility, and
facility, and he
facility, and he is
facility, and he is on
facility, and he is on the
facility, and he is on the RV
facility, and he is on the RV Atlantis
Atlantis off
Atlantis off the
Atlantis off the coast
Atlantis off the coast of
Atlantis off the coast of California.
California. How
California. How are
California. How are things
California. How are things out
California. How are things out there,
there, Andy?
there, Andy? Will
there, Andy? Will come
there, Andy? Will come to
there, Andy? Will come to the
there, Andy? Will come to the vessel
there, Andy? Will come to the vessel at
at Atlantis.
at Atlantis. We
at Atlantis. We have
at Atlantis. We have a
at Atlantis. We have a fantastic
at Atlantis. We have a fantastic day
at Atlantis. We have a fantastic day today,
today, calm
today, calm seas
today, calm seas and
today, calm seas and light
today, calm seas and light winds.
today, calm seas and light winds. A
today, calm seas and light winds. A beehive
beehive of
beehive of activity
beehive of activity but
beehive of activity but the
beehive of activity but the key
beehive of activity but the key thing
thing that
thing that has
thing that has been
thing that has been going
thing that has been going on
thing that has been going on is
thing that has been going on is launching
launching the
launching the research
launching the research submersible,
launching the research submersible, Alvin,
Alvin, going
Alvin, going over
Alvin, going over the
Alvin, going over the side
Alvin, going over the side now.
Alvin, going over the side now. Three
Three divers
Three divers just
Three divers just climbed
Three divers just climbed aboard,
Three divers just climbed aboard, locked
locked inside
locked inside the
locked inside the titanium
locked inside the titanium sphere.
locked inside the titanium sphere. It
It is
It is two
It is two metres
It is two metres in
It is two metres in diameter,
It is two metres in diameter, 70
It is two metres in diameter, 70 millimetres
millimetres thick.
millimetres thick. And
millimetres thick. And they
millimetres thick. And they are
millimetres thick. And they are going
going to
going to be
going to be visiting
going to be visiting a
going to be visiting a seamount,
going to be visiting a seamount, 70
going to be visiting a seamount, 70 metres
metres below
metres below us,
metres below us, they
metres below us, they are
metres below us, they are critically
metres below us, they are critically important,
important, biological
important, biological hotspots,
important, biological hotspots, with
important, biological hotspots, with all
all kinds
all kinds of
all kinds of diversity,
all kinds of diversity, and
all kinds of diversity, and they
all kinds of diversity, and they link
link layers
link layers of
link layers of the
link layers of the ocean
link layers of the ocean together,
link layers of the ocean together, a
link layers of the ocean together, a perfect
perfect setup
perfect setup for
perfect setup for what
perfect setup for what we
perfect setup for what we are
perfect setup for what we are doing,
perfect setup for what we are doing, and
and the
and the human
and the human exploration
and the human exploration of
and the human exploration of these
and the human exploration of these will
will be
will be critical.
will be critical. We
will be critical. We will
will be critical. We will be
will be critical. We will be using
will be critical. We will be using a
will be critical. We will be using a submersible
submersible to
submersible to range
submersible to range around
submersible to range around the
submersible to range around the seamount,
seamount, and
seamount, and look
seamount, and look at
seamount, and look at the
seamount, and look at the diversity.
So,
So, what
So, what you
So, what you are
So, what you are seeing
So, what you are seeing at
So, what you are seeing at the
moment
moment is
moment is Alvin
moment is Alvin being
moment is Alvin being taken
moment is Alvin being taken over,
moment is Alvin being taken over, all
all 22
all 22 tonnes
all 22 tonnes of
all 22 tonnes of Alvin.
all 22 tonnes of Alvin. He
all 22 tonnes of Alvin. He is
all 22 tonnes of Alvin. He is going
all 22 tonnes of Alvin. He is going to
to be
to be unlatched
to be unlatched from
to be unlatched from the
to be unlatched from the A-frame,
to be unlatched from the A-frame, there
there is
there is a
there is a swimmer
there is a swimmer on
there is a swimmer on board
there is a swimmer on board making
there is a swimmer on board making sure
sure that
sure that the
sure that the lifting
sure that the lifting hardware
sure that the lifting hardware is
sure that the lifting hardware is properly
properly in
properly in place.
properly in place. Once
properly in place. Once we
properly in place. Once we get
properly in place. Once we get down
properly in place. Once we get down to
to the
to the water's
to the water's surface,
to the water's surface, the
to the water's surface, the swimmers
to the water's surface, the swimmers will
will release
will release Alvin
will release Alvin from
will release Alvin from the
will release Alvin from the left
will release Alvin from the left line.
line. It
line. It will
line. It will float
line. It will float away
line. It will float away from
line. It will float away from the
line. It will float away from the RV
line. It will float away from the RV Atlantis
Atlantis and
Atlantis and they
Atlantis and they will
Atlantis and they will be
Atlantis and they will be in
Atlantis and they will be in communication
communication with
communication with the
communication with the captain
communication with the captain on
communication with the captain on board.
board. You
board. You can
board. You can see
board. You can see one
board. You can see one of
board. You can see one of the
board. You can see one of the viewports,
viewports, the
viewports, the mechanical
viewports, the mechanical arm
viewports, the mechanical arm for
viewports, the mechanical arm for gathering
gathering samples,
gathering samples, and
gathering samples, and bringing
gathering samples, and bringing them
gathering samples, and bringing them back.
back. Here
back. Here we
back. Here we go.
back. Here we go. Just
back. Here we go. Just about
back. Here we go. Just about to
back. Here we go. Just about to pull
back. Here we go. Just about to pull that
that big
that big line.
that big line. And
that big line. And there
that big line. And there they
that big line. And there they go.
that big line. And there they go. Come
Come on
Come on and
Come on and see
Come on and see what
Come on and see what they've
Come on and see what they've learned
Come on and see what they've learned on
on our
on our next
on our next programme.
I
I love
I love the
I love the Woods
I love the Woods Hole
I love the Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institute,
Institute, 500
Institute, 500 scientists
Institute, 500 scientists thriving
Institute, 500 scientists thriving on
on what
on what they
on what they call
on what they call a
on what they call a culture
on what they call a culture of
on what they call a culture of curiosity,
curiosity, I
curiosity, I can't
curiosity, I can't wait
curiosity, I can't wait to
curiosity, I can't wait to see
curiosity, I can't wait to see what
curiosity, I can't wait to see what they
they come
they come up
they come up with
they come up with later
they come up with later in
they come up with later in the
they come up with later in the week,
they come up with later in the week, it's
it's very
it's very exciting.
it's very exciting. It
it's very exciting. It is
it's very exciting. It is tempting
it's very exciting. It is tempting to
to think
to think of
to think of that
to think of that deep
to think of that deep sea
to think of that deep sea environment
environment has
environment has been
environment has been very
environment has been very obviously
environment has been very obviously pristine
pristine because
pristine because we
pristine because we never
pristine because we never go
pristine because we never go down
pristine because we never go down there,
there, we
there, we don't
there, we don't get
there, we don't get to
there, we don't get to see
there, we don't get to see it
there, we don't get to see it but
there, we don't get to see it but I'm
I'm afraid
I'm afraid to
I'm afraid to say
I'm afraid to say scientists
I'm afraid to say scientists of
I'm afraid to say scientists of our
I'm afraid to say scientists of our own
own at
own at the
own at the National
own at the National history
own at the National history Museum
own at the National history Museum in
in London
in London have
in London have been
in London have been investigating
in London have been investigating it
in London have been investigating it and
and finding
and finding some
and finding some serious
and finding some serious problems.
While
While we
While we may
While we may think
While we may think the
While we may think the deep
While we may think the deep ocean
While we may think the deep ocean is
this
this alien,
this alien, remote
this alien, remote place,
this alien, remote place, it
this alien, remote place, it is
this alien, remote place, it is absolutely
absolutely fundamental
absolutely fundamental to
absolutely fundamental to us
absolutely fundamental to us being
absolutely fundamental to us being here
here on
here on planet
here on planet earth.
here on planet earth. And
here on planet earth. And yet,
here on planet earth. And yet, we've
here on planet earth. And yet, we've only
only explored
only explored about
only explored about 1%
only explored about 1% of
only explored about 1% of it.
only explored about 1% of it. Which
only explored about 1% of it. Which is
is just
is just crazy!
is just crazy! Because
is just crazy! Because we
is just crazy! Because we are
is just crazy! Because we are talking
talking about
talking about our
talking about our own
talking about our own planet
talking about our own planet here.
talking about our own planet here. This
This lack
This lack of
This lack of deep
This lack of deep sea
This lack of deep sea exploration
This lack of deep sea exploration presents
presents marine
presents marine biologist
presents marine biologist with
presents marine biologist with the
presents marine biologist with the problem.
problem. While
problem. While surface
problem. While surface pollution
problem. While surface pollution is
problem. While surface pollution is therefore
therefore all
therefore all of
therefore all of us
therefore all of us to
therefore all of us to see,
therefore all of us to see, damage
therefore all of us to see, damage to
to what
to what we
to what we imagine
to what we imagine is
to what we imagine is a
to what we imagine is a pristine
to what we imagine is a pristine environment
environment down
environment down in
environment down in the
environment down in the deep
environment down in the deep is
environment down in the deep is much
environment down in the deep is much harder
harder to
harder to measure.
harder to measure. The
harder to measure. The deep
harder to measure. The deep sea
harder to measure. The deep sea is
harder to measure. The deep sea is really
really the
really the epitome
really the epitome of
really the epitome of out
really the epitome of out of
really the epitome of out of sight
really the epitome of out of sight out
out of
out of mind.
out of mind. I
out of mind. I think
out of mind. I think one
out of mind. I think one of
out of mind. I think one of the
out of mind. I think one of the saddest
saddest examples
saddest examples of
saddest examples of our
saddest examples of our litter
saddest examples of our litter in
saddest examples of our litter in the
the deep
the deep ocean
the deep ocean is
the deep ocean is a
the deep ocean is a plastic
the deep ocean is a plastic shopping
the deep ocean is a plastic shopping bag
bag found
bag found at
bag found at the
bag found at the bottom
bag found at the bottom in
bag found at the bottom in a
bag found at the bottom in a place
bag found at the bottom in a place called
called Challenger
called Challenger deep,
called Challenger deep, over
called Challenger deep, over 10,000
called Challenger deep, over 10,000 metres
metres down
metres down in
metres down in the
metres down in the deep
metres down in the deep ocean,
metres down in the deep ocean, the
metres down in the deep ocean, the deepest
deepest point
deepest point on
deepest point on the
deepest point on the planet,
deepest point on the planet, and
deepest point on the planet, and it'll
it'll probably
it'll probably be
it'll probably be there
it'll probably be there for
it'll probably be there for decades,
it'll probably be there for decades, if
if not
if not centuries,
if not centuries, if
if not centuries, if not
if not centuries, if not millennia.
if not centuries, if not millennia. Lack
Lack of
Lack of light
Lack of light and
Lack of light and low
Lack of light and low oxygen
Lack of light and low oxygen means
Lack of light and low oxygen means objects
objects take
objects take longer
objects take longer to
objects take longer to degrade
objects take longer to degrade in
objects take longer to degrade in the
the deep.
the deep. In
the deep. In the
the deep. In the case
the deep. In the case of
the deep. In the case of plastics,
the deep. In the case of plastics, they
they never
they never go
they never go away,
they never go away, they
they never go away, they just
they never go away, they just break
they never go away, they just break down
down and
down and get
down and get smaller
down and get smaller and
down and get smaller and smaller,
down and get smaller and smaller, until
until they
until they are
until they are tiny
until they are tiny particles
until they are tiny particles in
until they are tiny particles in the
until they are tiny particles in the water.
water. And
water. And it
water. And it isn't
water. And it isn't just
water. And it isn't just plastic
water. And it isn't just plastic that
that the
that the dives
that the dives have
that the dives have found
that the dives have found here.
that the dives have found here. One
that the dives have found here. One of
of my
of my most
of my most recent
of my most recent expeditions
of my most recent expeditions to
of my most recent expeditions to the
of my most recent expeditions to the Gulf
Gulf of
Gulf of Mexico,
Gulf of Mexico, we
Gulf of Mexico, we were
Gulf of Mexico, we were exploring
Gulf of Mexico, we were exploring what
what we
what we thought
what we thought was
what we thought was a
what we thought was a shipwreck.
what we thought was a shipwreck. When
When we
When we got
When we got closer
When we got closer we
When we got closer we realised
When we got closer we realised it
When we got closer we realised it was
was actually
was actually a
was actually a 40
was actually a 40 foot
was actually a 40 foot shipping
was actually a 40 foot shipping container
container that
container that had
container that had been
container that had been lost
container that had been lost at
container that had been lost at sea.
container that had been lost at sea. And
And we
And we found
And we found ourselves
And we found ourselves driving
And we found ourselves driving through
through a
through a field
through a field of
through a field of washing
through a field of washing machines,
through a field of washing machines, refrigerators,
refrigerators, dishwashers.
refrigerators, dishwashers. It's
refrigerators, dishwashers. It's estimated
estimated that
estimated that 1500
estimated that 1500 shipping
estimated that 1500 shipping containers
containers are
containers are lost
containers are lost at
containers are lost at sea
containers are lost at sea each
containers are lost at sea each year.
year. This
year. This is
year. This is over
year. This is over one
year. This is over one kilometre
year. This is over one kilometre down
down in
down in the
down in the Gulf
down in the Gulf of
down in the Gulf of Mexico.
down in the Gulf of Mexico. What
down in the Gulf of Mexico. What kind
kind of
kind of an
kind of an impact
kind of an impact are
kind of an impact are those
kind of an impact are those metals
kind of an impact are those metals that
that may
that may be
that may be leaching
that may be leaching out
that may be leaching out of
that may be leaching out of that
that may be leaching out of that degrading
degrading container
degrading container having
degrading container having on
degrading container having on the
degrading container having on the life
life down
life down there?
life down there? Those
life down there? Those are
life down there? Those are the
life down there? Those are the kinds
life down there? Those are the kinds of
of questions
of questions we
of questions we can't
of questions we can't answer
of questions we can't answer because
of questions we can't answer because we
we know
we know so
we know so little
we know so little about
we know so little about the
we know so little about the deep
we know so little about the deep ocean.
ocean. Incredible
ocean. Incredible deep
ocean. Incredible deep sea
ocean. Incredible deep sea exploration
exploration is
exploration is help
exploration is help us
exploration is help us understand
exploration is help us understand that
that when
that when we
that when we irresponsibly
that when we irresponsibly throw
that when we irresponsibly throw something
something away,
something away, that
something away, that can
something away, that can often
something away, that can often become
become a
become a precious
become a precious habitat
become a precious habitat where
become a precious habitat where unthinkable
unthinkable damage
unthinkable damage can
unthinkable damage can be
unthinkable damage can be done
unthinkable damage can be done because
because of
because of our
because of our waste.
because of our waste. On
because of our waste. On the
because of our waste. On the last
because of our waste. On the last programme,
programme, we
programme, we witnessed
programme, we witnessed about
programme, we witnessed about 70
programme, we witnessed about 70 precious
precious green
precious green sea
precious green sea turtle
precious green sea turtle hatchlings
precious green sea turtle hatchlings emerging
emerging from
emerging from their
emerging from their nest,
emerging from their nest, and
emerging from their nest, and with
emerging from their nest, and with all
all their
all their might
all their might making
all their might making it
all their might making it into
all their might making it into the
all their might making it into the ocean.
ocean. But
ocean. But the
ocean. But the odds
ocean. But the odds are
ocean. But the odds are stacked
ocean. But the odds are stacked against
against them,
against them, it's
against them, it's estimated
against them, it's estimated one
against them, it's estimated one in
against them, it's estimated one in a
a thousand
a thousand make
a thousand make it
a thousand make it to
a thousand make it to adulthood.
a thousand make it to adulthood. They
They are
They are part
They are part of
They are part of the
They are part of the food
They are part of the food web.
They are part of the food web. Sea
They are part of the food web. Sea birds,
birds, sharks,
birds, sharks, humans
birds, sharks, humans hunt
birds, sharks, humans hunt them.
birds, sharks, humans hunt them. Threats
Threats like
Threats like pollution
Threats like pollution and
Threats like pollution and entanglement
entanglement in
entanglement in fishing
entanglement in fishing nets
entanglement in fishing nets also
entanglement in fishing nets also adds
adds as
adds as factors
adds as factors to
adds as factors to these
adds as factors to these quite
adds as factors to these quite high
adds as factors to these quite high odds
odds stacked
odds stacked against
odds stacked against them,
odds stacked against them, poor
odds stacked against them, poor little
little mites.
little mites. But
little mites. But scientists
little mites. But scientists have
little mites. But scientists have recently
recently found
recently found that
recently found that yet
recently found that yet another
recently found that yet another threat
threat impacts
threat impacts these
threat impacts these green
threat impacts these green sea
threat impacts these green sea turtles,
turtles, and
turtles, and that
turtles, and that is,
turtles, and that is, before
turtles, and that is, before they
turtles, and that is, before they even
even emerge
even emerge from
even emerge from the
even emerge from the nest.
even emerge from the nest. I
even emerge from the nest. I am
even emerge from the nest. I am joining
joining Janine
joining Janine Ferguson
joining Janine Ferguson to
joining Janine Ferguson to find
joining Janine Ferguson to find out
joining Janine Ferguson to find out what
what that
what that threat
what that threat is.
what that threat is. What
what that threat is. What are
what that threat is. What are you
what that threat is. What are you doing
doing here?
doing here? What
doing here? What we
doing here? What we are
doing here? What we are doing
doing here? What we are doing a
doing here? What we are doing a strategically
strategically placed
strategically placed around
strategically placed around the
strategically placed around the island
island in
island in different
island in different habitats,
island in different habitats, we
island in different habitats, we have
have things
have things like
have things like this
have things like this temperature
have things like this temperature taker,
taker, they
taker, they monitor
taker, they monitor the
taker, they monitor the sea
taker, they monitor the sea temperature
temperature all
temperature all year
temperature all year round.
temperature all year round. You
temperature all year round. You may
temperature all year round. You may ask,
ask, what
ask, what does
ask, what does sand
ask, what does sand temperature
ask, what does sand temperature have
ask, what does sand temperature have to
to do
to do with
to do with sea
to do with sea turtles?
to do with sea turtles? Would
to do with sea turtles? Would you
to do with sea turtles? Would you believe
believe that
believe that the
believe that the sex
believe that the sex of
believe that the sex of the
believe that the sex of the sand
believe that the sex of the sand around
around the
around the nest
around the nest actually
around the nest actually determines
around the nest actually determines the
the sex
the sex of
the sex of the
the sex of the hatchlings.
the sex of the hatchlings. So,
the sex of the hatchlings. So, the
the sex of the hatchlings. So, the temperature
temperature of
temperature of the
temperature of the sand
temperature of the sand determines
temperature of the sand determines the
the sex
the sex of
the sex of the
the sex of the hatchlings,
the sex of the hatchlings, in
the sex of the hatchlings, in what
the sex of the hatchlings, in what way?
way? They
way? They have
way? They have a
way? They have a pivotal
way? They have a pivotal temperature.
temperature. For
temperature. For us,
temperature. For us, and
temperature. For us, and green
temperature. For us, and green sea
temperature. For us, and green sea turtles,
turtles, it
turtles, it is
turtles, it is 27.6
turtles, it is 27.6 degrees,
turtles, it is 27.6 degrees, so
turtles, it is 27.6 degrees, so nests
nests that
nests that are
nests that are intimating
nests that are intimating warmer
nests that are intimating warmer than
than that
than that will
than that will produce
than that will produce more
than that will produce more females,
than that will produce more females, nests
nests that
nests that are
nests that are cooler
nests that are cooler will
nests that are cooler will produce
nests that are cooler will produce more
more males.
more males. Immediately
more males. Immediately that
more males. Immediately that makes
more males. Immediately that makes me
me think
me think if
me think if we
me think if we are
me think if we are facing
me think if we are facing ever-increasing
ever-increasing temperatures,
ever-increasing temperatures, what
ever-increasing temperatures, what does
does that
does that mean
does that mean for
does that mean for green
does that mean for green sea
does that mean for green sea turtles
does that mean for green sea turtles on
on the
on the Green
on the Green barrier
on the Green barrier reef?
on the Green barrier reef? There
on the Green barrier reef? There has
on the Green barrier reef? There has been
been some
been some recent
been some recent research
been some recent research within
been some recent research within the
been some recent research within the northern
northern Great
northern Great Barrier
northern Great Barrier Reef,
northern Great Barrier Reef, and
northern Great Barrier Reef, and some
some of
some of the
some of the studies
some of the studies have
some of the studies have shown
some of the studies have shown that
some of the studies have shown that some
some of
some of the
some of the juveniles
some of the juveniles from
some of the juveniles from around
some of the juveniles from around about
about five
about five to
about five to eight
about five to eight years
about five to eight years old
about five to eight years old have
about five to eight years old have very
very strong
very strong bias
very strong bias to
very strong bias to females.
very strong bias to females. More
very strong bias to females. More females
females are
females are being
females are being made.
females are being made. Worst-case
females are being made. Worst-case scenario,
scenario, ever
scenario, ever rising
scenario, ever rising temperatures,
scenario, ever rising temperatures, we've
we've got
we've got no
we've got no males!
we've got no males! What
we've got no males! What temperatures
temperatures are
temperatures are you
temperatures are you clocking
temperatures are you clocking here
temperatures are you clocking here on
on Heron
on Heron Island?
on Heron Island? In
on Heron Island? In the
on Heron Island? In the different
on Heron Island? In the different habitats,
habitats, you
habitats, you have
habitats, you have different
habitats, you have different temperatures.
temperatures. If
temperatures. If the
temperatures. If the female
temperatures. If the female layout
temperatures. If the female layout in
in the
in the sunny
in the sunny areas,
in the sunny areas, they
in the sunny areas, they will
in the sunny areas, they will produce
produce more
produce more females
produce more females but
produce more females but as
produce more females but as you
produce more females but as you can
produce more females but as you can see
see we
see we have
see we have lovely
see we have lovely vegetation
see we have lovely vegetation here
see we have lovely vegetation here and
and the
and the majority
and the majority of
and the majority of our
and the majority of our sea
and the majority of our sea turtles
and the majority of our sea turtles actually
actually nest
actually nest under
actually nest under the
actually nest under the shade
actually nest under the shade of
actually nest under the shade of the
actually nest under the shade of the trees
trees in
trees in a
trees in a cooler
trees in a cooler nest
trees in a cooler nest and
trees in a cooler nest and produce
trees in a cooler nest and produce more
more males.
more males. Again,
more males. Again, drives
more males. Again, drives home
more males. Again, drives home the
more males. Again, drives home the importance
importance of
importance of vegetation
importance of vegetation on
importance of vegetation on islands
importance of vegetation on islands like
like this
like this one
like this one to
like this one to balance
like this one to balance out
like this one to balance out and
like this one to balance out and get
like this one to balance out and get more
more males
more males into
more males into the
more males into the population
more males into the population as
more males into the population as well.
well. Fascinating
well. Fascinating research,
well. Fascinating research, thank
well. Fascinating research, thank you.
you. Over
you. Over in
you. Over in the
you. Over in the Bahamas,
you. Over in the Bahamas, Steve
you. Over in the Bahamas, Steve is
you. Over in the Bahamas, Steve is ready
ready to
ready to tell
ready to tell us
ready to tell us how
ready to tell us how the
ready to tell us how the behaviour
ready to tell us how the behaviour of
of bull
of bull sharks
of bull sharks makes
of bull sharks makes them
of bull sharks makes them vulnerable
of bull sharks makes them vulnerable to
to human
to human impacts.
Yes,
Yes, that's
Yes, that's right!
Yes, that's right! The
Yes, that's right! The adults
Yes, that's right! The adults we
have
have here,
have here, as
have here, as I've
have here, as I've said,
have here, as I've said, they
have here, as I've said, they are
have here, as I've said, they are all
all pregnant
all pregnant females.
all pregnant females. And,
all pregnant females. And, for
all pregnant females. And, for the
all pregnant females. And, for the moment,
moment, they
moment, they are
moment, they are safe
moment, they are safe in
moment, they are safe in this
moment, they are safe in this shark
moment, they are safe in this shark sanctuary.
sanctuary. But
sanctuary. But they
sanctuary. But they don't
sanctuary. But they don't have
sanctuary. But they don't have their
sanctuary. But they don't have their pups
pups here.
pups here. They
pups here. They are
pups here. They are going
pups here. They are going to
pups here. They are going to head
pups here. They are going to head away
away from
away from the
away from the Bahamas,
away from the Bahamas, across
away from the Bahamas, across the
away from the Bahamas, across the open
open ocean,
open ocean, heading
open ocean, heading towards
open ocean, heading towards the
open ocean, heading towards the mainland.
mainland. And
mainland. And the
mainland. And the second
mainland. And the second they
mainland. And the second they do
mainland. And the second they do that,
that, they
that, they are
that, they are running
that, they are running the
that, they are running the gauntlet.
that, they are running the gauntlet. So,
So, out
So, out there,
So, out there, in
So, out there, in the
So, out there, in the open
So, out there, in the open ocean,
So, out there, in the open ocean, these
these sharks
these sharks enjoy
these sharks enjoy no
these sharks enjoy no protection
these sharks enjoy no protection whatsoever.
whatsoever. And
whatsoever. And there
whatsoever. And there are,
whatsoever. And there are, it
whatsoever. And there are, it is
whatsoever. And there are, it is estimated,
estimated, every
estimated, every single
estimated, every single year,
estimated, every single year, 10
estimated, every single year, 10 billion
billion hooks
billion hooks cast
billion hooks cast out
billion hooks cast out into
billion hooks cast out into the
billion hooks cast out into the sea
billion hooks cast out into the sea for
for high-value
for high-value food
for high-value food fish,
for high-value food fish, like
for high-value food fish, like tuna
for high-value food fish, like tuna and
and sailfish.
and sailfish. Sharks
and sailfish. Sharks are
and sailfish. Sharks are a
and sailfish. Sharks are a huge
and sailfish. Sharks are a huge part
and sailfish. Sharks are a huge part of
of the
of the bycatch
of the bycatch from
of the bycatch from that
of the bycatch from that kind
of the bycatch from that kind of
of the bycatch from that kind of fishing,
fishing, and
fishing, and they
fishing, and they are
fishing, and they are also
fishing, and they are also targeted
fishing, and they are also targeted for
for their
for their valuable
for their valuable fins,
for their valuable fins, used
for their valuable fins, used in
for their valuable fins, used in shark
shark fin
shark fin soup,
shark fin soup, for
shark fin soup, for which
shark fin soup, for which millions
shark fin soup, for which millions of
of animals
of animals are
of animals are taken
of animals are taken single
of animals are taken single year.
of animals are taken single year. So,
So, out
So, out there,
So, out there, they
So, out there, they are
So, out there, they are vulnerable,
So, out there, they are vulnerable, and
and then
and then they
and then they head
and then they head into
and then they head into the
and then they head into the estuaries,
estuaries, where
estuaries, where they
estuaries, where they have
estuaries, where they have their
estuaries, where they have their pups,
pups, and,
pups, and, again,
pups, and, again, they
pups, and, again, they are
pups, and, again, they are vulnerable
vulnerable there.
vulnerable there. Disability
vulnerable there. Disability to
vulnerable there. Disability to move
vulnerable there. Disability to move between
between different
between different systems
between different systems has
between different systems has probably
probably evolved
probably evolved to
probably evolved to make
probably evolved to make them
probably evolved to make them less
probably evolved to make them less vulnerable
vulnerable to
vulnerable to predators
vulnerable to predators but
vulnerable to predators but now
vulnerable to predators but now they
vulnerable to predators but now they are
are ever
are ever more
are ever more vulnerable
are ever more vulnerable through
are ever more vulnerable through overfishing
overfishing from
overfishing from us,
overfishing from us, human
overfishing from us, human beings.
overfishing from us, human beings. Tomorrow...
Tomorrow... We
Tomorrow... We find
Tomorrow... We find out
Tomorrow... We find out some
Tomorrow... We find out some more
Tomorrow... We find out some more about
about where
about where sharks
about where sharks come
about where sharks come in
about where sharks come in general,
about where sharks come in general, have
have their
have their young,
have their young, and
have their young, and the
have their young, and the threats
have their young, and the threats that
that face
that face those
that face those pups.
that face those pups. One
that face those pups. One of
that face those pups. One of the
that face those pups. One of the big
that face those pups. One of the big problems
problems is
problems is these
problems is these animals,
problems is these animals, they
problems is these animals, they get
problems is these animals, they get very
very old,
very old, the
very old, the oldest
very old, the oldest can
very old, the oldest can live
very old, the oldest can live to
very old, the oldest can live to be
very old, the oldest can live to be 400,
400, these
400, these can
400, these can be
400, these can be 40
400, these can be 40 or
400, these can be 40 or 50.
400, these can be 40 or 50. They
400, these can be 40 or 50. They don't
don't mature
don't mature until
don't mature until 18
don't mature until 18 years
don't mature until 18 years of
don't mature until 18 years of age
don't mature until 18 years of age so
so they
so they regenerate
so they regenerate very,
so they regenerate very, very
so they regenerate very, very slowly.
slowly. Take
slowly. Take out
slowly. Take out the
slowly. Take out the population
slowly. Take out the population and
slowly. Take out the population and it'll
it'll take
it'll take a
it'll take a long,
it'll take a long, long
it'll take a long, long time
it'll take a long, long time to
it'll take a long, long time to bounce
bounce back.
If
If you
If you were
If you were to
If you were to search
If you were to search the
If you were to search the surface
If you were to search the surface of
planet
planet Earth,
planet Earth, you
planet Earth, you would
planet Earth, you would not
planet Earth, you would not find
planet Earth, you would not find a
planet Earth, you would not find a more
more disappointed
more disappointed man
more disappointed man because,
more disappointed man because, unfortunately,
unfortunately, despite
unfortunately, despite the
unfortunately, despite the 99%
unfortunately, despite the 99% assurance
assurance of
assurance of Geraldine,
assurance of Geraldine, we
assurance of Geraldine, we haven't
assurance of Geraldine, we haven't found
found a
found a blue
found a blue whale
found a blue whale for
found a blue whale for you
found a blue whale for you live.
found a blue whale for you live. Therefore
Therefore we
Therefore we didn't
Therefore we didn't launch
Therefore we didn't launch in
Therefore we didn't launch in our
Therefore we didn't launch in our Snotbot
Snotbot and
Snotbot and anger
Snotbot and anger today.
Snotbot and anger today. But
Snotbot and anger today. But we
Snotbot and anger today. But we did
Snotbot and anger today. But we did yesterday!
yesterday! So
yesterday! So take
yesterday! So take a
yesterday! So take a look
yesterday! So take a look at
yesterday! So take a look at this!
yesterday! So take a look at this! Starting
Starting engines,
Starting engines, three,
Starting engines, three, two,
Starting engines, three, two, one,
Starting engines, three, two, one, taking
taking off,
taking off, three,
taking off, three, two,
taking off, three, two, one.
taking off, three, two, one. Good
taking off, three, two, one. Good view!
view! I
view! I can
view! I can see
view! I can see the
view! I can see the whale!
view! I can see the whale! Here
view! I can see the whale! Here we
view! I can see the whale! Here we go!
go! Stay
go! Stay up,
go! Stay up, you
go! Stay up, you beauty.
go! Stay up, you beauty. I'm
go! Stay up, you beauty. I'm going
go! Stay up, you beauty. I'm going to
to slow
to slow down.
to slow down. Look
to slow down. Look at
to slow down. Look at that
to slow down. Look at that animal,
to slow down. Look at that animal, oh
oh my
oh my god!
oh my god! Oh,
oh my god! Oh, my
oh my god! Oh, my goodness
oh my god! Oh, my goodness me!
oh my god! Oh, my goodness me! It's
oh my god! Oh, my goodness me! It's going
going to
going to break!
going to break! Here
going to break! Here we
going to break! Here we go!
going to break! Here we go! That
going to break! Here we go! That was
going to break! Here we go! That was a
a pretty
a pretty weak
a pretty weak blow.
a pretty weak blow. I
a pretty weak blow. I hate
a pretty weak blow. I hate to
a pretty weak blow. I hate to say
a pretty weak blow. I hate to say it,
it, that
it, that was
it, that was a
it, that was a weak
it, that was a weak blow.
it, that was a weak blow. That
it, that was a weak blow. That was
it, that was a weak blow. That was not
not an
not an explosive
not an explosive sneeze.
not an explosive sneeze. Here
not an explosive sneeze. Here we
not an explosive sneeze. Here we go,
not an explosive sneeze. Here we go, it
it is
it is coming
it is coming up
it is coming up again.
it is coming up again. All
it is coming up again. All right,
it is coming up again. All right, I've
I've got
I've got it
I've got it on
I've got it on screen.
I've got it on screen. I
I've got it on screen. I can
I've got it on screen. I can see
I've got it on screen. I can see it's
it's like
it's like that
it's like that scene
it's like that scene in
it's like that scene in Star
it's like that scene in Star Wars
it's like that scene in Star Wars where
where you're
where you're going
where you're going for
where you're going for the
where you're going for the exhaust
where you're going for the exhaust port.
port. But
port. But you're
port. But you're going
port. But you're going for
port. But you're going for the
port. But you're going for the whales
whales blowhole.
whales blowhole. Look
whales blowhole. Look at
whales blowhole. Look at the
whales blowhole. Look at the screen!
whales blowhole. Look at the screen! Here
Here it
Here it comes,
Here it comes, here
Here it comes, here it
Here it comes, here it comes!
Here it comes, here it comes! I
Here it comes, here it comes! I my
Here it comes, here it comes! I my goodness
goodness me!
goodness me! Oh
goodness me! Oh my
goodness me! Oh my goodness!
goodness me! Oh my goodness! I've
I've never
I've never seen
I've never seen so
I've never seen so much
I've never seen so much snot
I've never seen so much snot on
I've never seen so much snot on a
I've never seen so much snot on a bot.
bot. Even
bot. Even the
bot. Even the camera
bot. Even the camera is
bot. Even the camera is covered!
bot. Even the camera is covered! Let's
Let's bring
Let's bring that
Let's bring that baby
Let's bring that baby back!
Let's bring that baby back! You've
Let's bring that baby back! You've got
got it.
Oh,
Oh, yes!
Oh, yes! Oh,
Oh, yes! Oh, yes!
Oh, yes! Oh, yes! What
Oh, yes! Oh, yes! What a
Oh, yes! Oh, yes! What a great
Oh, yes! Oh, yes! What a great piece
of
of British
of British ingenuity,
of British ingenuity, we
of British ingenuity, we bounce
of British ingenuity, we bounce the
of British ingenuity, we bounce the bomb
bomb and
bomb and we
bomb and we snorted
bomb and we snorted the
bomb and we snorted the bot
bomb and we snorted the bot and
bomb and we snorted the bot and we
bomb and we snorted the bot and we got
got it
got it back
got it back into
got it back into the
got it back into the hotel
got it back into the hotel Andy
got it back into the hotel Andy Bowen
Bowen told
Bowen told me
Bowen told me the
Bowen told me the sample
Bowen told me the sample he
Bowen told me the sample he recovered
recovered yesterday
recovered yesterday was
recovered yesterday was the
recovered yesterday was the best
recovered yesterday was the best sample
sample ever
sample ever that
sample ever that they
sample ever that they had
sample ever that they had ever
sample ever that they had ever got
sample ever that they had ever got from
from the
from the Snotbot,
from the Snotbot, masses
from the Snotbot, masses of
from the Snotbot, masses of snot,
from the Snotbot, masses of snot, therefore
therefore the
therefore the capability
therefore the capability of
therefore the capability of learning
therefore the capability of learning a
a lot
a lot more
a lot more about
a lot more about the
a lot more about the blue
a lot more about the blue whale,
a lot more about the blue whale, and
a lot more about the blue whale, and it
it was
it was a
it was a blue
it was a blue whale
it was a blue whale that
it was a blue whale that Geraldine
it was a blue whale that Geraldine new!
new! Mrs
new! Mrs invincible!
new! Mrs invincible! Mrs
new! Mrs invincible! Mrs Infinity,
new! Mrs invincible! Mrs Infinity, sorry.
sorry. What
sorry. What about
sorry. What about that?
sorry. What about that? It
sorry. What about that? It all
sorry. What about that? It all paid
sorry. What about that? It all paid off,
off, and
off, and I'm
off, and I'm pleased
off, and I'm pleased to
off, and I'm pleased to say
off, and I'm pleased to say we
off, and I'm pleased to say we will
off, and I'm pleased to say we will be
be back
be back here
be back here tomorrow.
be back here tomorrow. Hopefully
be back here tomorrow. Hopefully the
be back here tomorrow. Hopefully the signal
signal will
signal will be
signal will be better,
signal will be better, we
signal will be better, we will
signal will be better, we will be
signal will be better, we will be more
more reliable
more reliable than
more reliable than our
more reliable than our communication.
communication. I'll
communication. I'll be
communication. I'll be taking
communication. I'll be taking to
communication. I'll be taking to the
communication. I'll be taking to the air
air to
air to look
air to look at
air to look at the
air to look at the richness
air to look at the richness of
air to look at the richness of the
air to look at the richness of the Sea
Sea of
Sea of Cortez.
Sea of Cortez. But
Sea of Cortez. But back
Sea of Cortez. But back to
Sea of Cortez. But back to Liz
Sea of Cortez. But back to Liz now.
Sea of Cortez. But back to Liz now. As
As magnificent
Sea of Cortez. But back to Liz now. As magnificent
As magnificent as
As magnificent as Heron
As magnificent as Heron Island
As magnificent as Heron Island are,
As magnificent as Heron Island are, our
our oceans
our oceans are
our oceans are telling
our oceans are telling us
our oceans are telling us in
our oceans are telling us in no
our oceans are telling us in no uncertain
uncertain terms
uncertain terms our
our oceans are telling us in no uncertain terms our
uncertain terms our behaviours
uncertain terms our behaviours are
uncertain terms our behaviours are impacting
impacting them
impacting them in
impacting them in ways
impacting them in ways that
impacting them in ways that are
impacting them in ways that are unsustainable,
unsustainable, damaging
unsustainable, damaging and
unsustainable, damaging and even
unsustainable, damaging and even catastrophic
catastrophic but
catastrophic but there
catastrophic but there is
catastrophic but there is still
catastrophic but there is still time
catastrophic but there is still time to
to turn
to turn this
to turn this around
to turn this around and
to turn this around and the
to turn this around and the scientists
scientists I've
scientists I've met
scientists I've met are
scientists I've met are doing
scientists I've met are doing everything
everything they
everything they can
everything they can to
everything they can to make
everything they can to make sure
everything they can to make sure we
everything they can to make sure we don't
don't lose
don't lose our
don't lose our marine
don't lose our marine habitats
don't lose our marine habitats forever
forever and
forever and we
forever and we can
forever and we can all
forever and we can all play
forever and we can all play a
forever and we can all play a part
forever and we can all play a part in
in that,
in that, too.
in that, too. Our
in that, too. Our waters
in that, too. Our waters around
in that, too. Our waters around the
in that, too. Our waters around the UK
UK play
UK play a
UK play a very
UK play a very important
UK play a very important part
UK play a very important part in
UK play a very important part in this
this story,
this story, too,
this story, too, so
this story, too, so we've
this story, too, so we've been
this story, too, so we've been running
running reports
running reports about
running reports about our
running reports about our own
running reports about our own marine
running reports about our own marine life
life back
life back in
life back in Britain,
life back in Britain, make
life back in Britain, make sure
life back in Britain, make sure you
life back in Britain, make sure you catch
catch it
catch it tomorrow.
catch it tomorrow. It
catch it tomorrow. It is
catch it tomorrow. It is Blue
catch it tomorrow. It is Blue Planet
catch it tomorrow. It is Blue Planet UK
UK on
UK on BBC
UK on BBC One.
UK on BBC One. Tomorrow
UK on BBC One. Tomorrow night
UK on BBC One. Tomorrow night we
UK on BBC One. Tomorrow night we will
will be
will be back
will be back to
will be back to take
will be back to take a
will be back to take a closer
will be back to take a closer look
will be back to take a closer look at
at how
at how everything
at how everything is
at how everything is deeply
at how everything is deeply connected
connected in
connected in our
connected in our oceans
connected in our oceans and
connected in our oceans and how
connected in our oceans and how better
better understanding
better understanding of
better understanding of this
better understanding of this can
better understanding of this can help
help us
help us to
help us to protect
help us to protect our
help us to protect our seas.
help us to protect our seas. Next
help us to protect our seas. Next time,
time, we
time, we will
time, we will catch
time, we will catch up
time, we will catch up with
time, we will catch up with the
time, we will catch up with the animals
animals that
animals that make
animals that make the
animals that make the greatest
animals that make the greatest journeys.
journeys. Green
journeys. Green sea
journeys. Green sea turtles...
journeys. Green sea turtles... Whale
journeys. Green sea turtles... Whale sharks...
sharks... Dolphins...
sharks... Dolphins... And
sharks... Dolphins... And we
sharks... Dolphins... And we find
sharks... Dolphins... And we find out
out what
out what is
out what is lurking
out what is lurking in
out what is lurking in the
out what is lurking in the deep.
out what is lurking in the deep. Join
Join us
Join us live.
Join us live. Make
Join us live. Make sure
Join us live. Make sure you
Join us live. Make sure you join
Join us live. Make sure you join us
Join us live. Make sure you join us tomorrow
tomorrow night
tomorrow night to
tomorrow night to 8pm,
tomorrow night to 8pm, BBC
tomorrow night to 8pm, BBC One,
tomorrow night to 8pm, BBC One, we
tomorrow night to 8pm, BBC One, we will
will see
will see you
will see you then.
will see you then. Take
will see you then. Take care
will see you then. Take care and
will see you then. Take care and good
good night.
The
The open
The open University
The open University has
The open University has reduced
The open University has reduced a
free
free booklet
free booklet exploring
free booklet exploring the
free booklet exploring the human
free booklet exploring the human impact
impact on
impact on our
impact on our oceans
impact on our oceans including
impact on our oceans including a
impact on our oceans including a tearout
tearout guide
tearout guide to
tearout guide to the
tearout guide to the different
tearout guide to the different types
tearout guide to the different types of
of plastic
of plastic that
of plastic that could
of plastic that could be
of plastic that could be recycled.
of plastic that could be recycled. To
To order
To order your
To order your free
To order your free copy,
To order your free copy, please
To order your free copy, please call...
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