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AmericasCardroom.com yana dawo da poker baya
Gasar ranar Lahadi dala miliyan kowane Lahadi
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Shekaru da girman sararin samaniya
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an rubuta su cikin haske.
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Dabi'ar kyau da
sinadarin taurari,
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dokokin sarari da lokaci...
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<> sun kasance a can gaba ɗaya,
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amma bamu taba ganinsu ba...
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<> har sai mun ƙirƙira
hanya mafi ƙarfi ta gani.
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Labarin wannan farkawa
yana da farawa da yawa
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kuma babu ƙarewa.
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Jarumanta sun zo daga lokuta da yawa
da kuma wurare--
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00:02:06,478 --> 00:02:09,280
tsohon masanin falsafar kasar Sin,
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<> wani mayen da ya ba halifofi mamaki
na Iraki na karni na 11,
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wani matalauci maraya Bajamushe
ga maigidan kaushi.
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00:02:17,922 --> 00:02:20,357
<> Kowa ya kawo mu
kadan kusa
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<> don buɗe asirin
boye cikin haske.
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Yawancin sunayensu
har abada sun ɓace mana,
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<> amma a wani wuri, tuntuni,
wani ya leko
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don ganin aikin haske
daya daga cikin dabarun sihirinsa.
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Wa ya sani?
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00:03:01,967 --> 00:03:03,734
Wataƙila wannan ƙulli na haske
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ya zaburar da mai zane na farko.
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A ina duk wannan ya fito?
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Ta yaya muka samu
daga ƙananan maƙallan yawo
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na mafarauta da masu tara rai
karkashin taurari
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su zama magina
na wayewar duniya?
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Ta yaya muka samu daga can
zuwa nan?
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Babu amsa.
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Canjin yanayi,
gidan wuta,
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<> Ƙirƙirar kayan aiki,
harshe, noma
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duk sun taka rawar gani.
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Wataƙila akwai
wani abu kuma.
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A kasar Sin,
fiye da shekaru 2,000 da suka wuce,
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<> wani masanin falsafa mai suna Mo Tze
an ce ya lura
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Ana iya yin wannan hasken
don yin hoto
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00:03:58,089 --> 00:04:00,324
cikin dakin taska da aka kulle.
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00:04:00,358 --> 00:04:05,796
Wannan shine bayanin
na farko kamara...
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00:04:05,830 --> 00:04:07,931
Kyamara obscura,
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00:04:07,966 --> 00:04:10,334
samfurin duka
kyamarori masu yin hoto,
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00:04:10,368 --> 00:04:13,637
<> ciki har da wanda ke
kawo muku wannan hoton.
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00:04:13,672 --> 00:04:16,273
Amfani da wannan abin ban dariya
abin da haske yake yi
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<> ya haifar da abin da zai iya zama
ake kira fim din farko.
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00:04:21,313 --> 00:04:27,084
Mo Tze, masanin haske, yayi aiki
a kan kowane nau'i na duhu.
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Kwararren soja
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<> wanda ya yi amfani da basirarsa kawai
don hana tashin hankali,
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ya kasance almara don tafiya
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a cikin masarautu
na jahohin da ke fada,
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00:04:36,194 --> 00:04:37,928
amfani da dabaru masu basira
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00:04:37,963 --> 00:04:39,997
<> don yin magana da sarakuna
na zuwa yaƙi.
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<> Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin na farko
don mafarkin soyayyar duniya
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da kuma kawo karshen talauci
da sauran nau'ikan rashin daidaito;
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gwamnati ga jama'a...
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<> kuma don yin jayayya
makauniyar biyayya
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zuwa al'ada da iko.
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00:04:54,579 --> 00:04:56,146
A cikin rubuce-rubucensa, kuna iya samun
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00:04:56,181 --> 00:04:59,883
farkon motsawa
na hanyar kimiyya.
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00:04:59,918 --> 00:05:02,853
A lokacin Mo Tze, Sinawa
an riga an yi rikodin
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00:05:02,887 --> 00:05:06,223
<> tunaninsu a cikin littattafai
aƙalla shekaru dubu.
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00:05:06,257 --> 00:05:09,193
<> Har yanzu, iliminmu game da shi
rarrabuwa ce kawai.
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<> Ya ƙunshi da yawa
na tarin kasidu
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aka dangana masa
da almajiransa.
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<> A daya daga cikinsu,
mai suna "Against Fate,"
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gwaji mai fuska uku
domin kowane koyaswa an gabatar da shi.
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Tambaya tushenta--
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tambayi ko za'a iya tantancewa
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<> ta hanyar gani da hankali
na jama'a --
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tambayi yadda ake amfani da shi
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<> kuma idan zai amfana
mafi girman lamba.
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Mo Tze ya shahara sosai,
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<> amma shekaru ɗari kaɗan ne
bayan mutuwarsa,
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Qin Shi Huang,
sarki na farko,
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da haɗin gwiwar Sin,
ya karbi mulki.
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<> Ya ɗauki nahiyar
kuma ya mayar da ita al’umma
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wanda yanzu ke dauke da sunansa... China.
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00:05:54,973 --> 00:05:59,443
Yawancin mu mun san Emperor Qin
ga sojojin 7,000
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terracotta warriors
masu tsaron kabarinsa
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00:06:04,649 --> 00:06:07,584
A cikin tukin sarki Qin
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don ƙarfafawa
daularsa mai nisa,
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00:06:10,255 --> 00:06:11,922
ya dauki tsauraran matakai
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00:06:11,957 --> 00:06:14,425
don daidaita komai
cikin sa.
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00:06:14,459 --> 00:06:17,394
Wannan ya hada da umarni
tsabar kudi guda,
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00:06:17,429 --> 00:06:19,964
yin uniform duk nauyi
da matakan,
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00:06:19,998 --> 00:06:23,801
Fadin karusai da hanyoyi,
da madaidaicin hanya
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00:06:23,835 --> 00:06:26,036
harshen Sinanci ya kasance
za a rubuta,
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gami da abin da kuka kasance
yarda ya rubuta da tunani.
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00:06:31,142 --> 00:06:33,911
Falsafar Emperor Qin--
wanda aka halatta --
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ake kira "hala'u,"
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wanda shine kawai menene
ya ji kamar,
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yi kamar yadda doka ta ce...ko kuma.
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<> Falsafa ce ke nan
ba ta da kyau sosai
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zuwa hukuma mai tambaya.
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... cewa duk littattafan na
mazhabobin tunani dari
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za a ƙone,
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cewa duk wanda yayi amfani da tarihi
don sukar halin yanzu
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za a kashe danginsa.
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00:07:04,009 --> 00:07:06,110
Ayyukan na
MoTze da Confucius
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<> da sauran masana falsafa
an lalata su
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<> a farkon duniya
littafin kona.
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Daruruwan malamai
da ƙarfin zuciya
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00:07:12,984 --> 00:07:15,686
ta ƙoƙarin adanawa
littafan da aka haramta
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An binne su da rai
a cikin babban birnin kasar.
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00:07:20,058 --> 00:07:23,861
Kimiyya na bukatar haske
na fadin albarkacin bakinsa.
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00:07:23,895 --> 00:07:27,264
Ya dogara ga marasa tsoro
tambayar hukuma,
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da buɗaɗɗen musayar ra'ayi.
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Tartsatsin sha'awa
a cikin rubuce-rubucen Mo Tze
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00:07:33,638 --> 00:07:37,374
Almajiransa kuwa
yadda ya kamata stomped fita.
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Zai zama wani dubu
shekaru kafin fim na gaba.
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Sa'a, Jirgin mu
na Hasashen
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zai iya kai mu ko'ina
a sararin samaniya... da lokaci.
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00:07:57,854 --> 00:08:00,522
Tsohon Sinawa
da Helenawa sun lura
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za a iya yin haske
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00:08:02,225 --> 00:08:05,027
yin abubuwa masu ban al'ajabi--
amma babu wanda yayi wannan tambayar
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00:08:05,061 --> 00:08:10,332
falala da kananan yara
da masu hazaka. Me yasa?
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00:08:10,367 --> 00:08:13,402
Har shekaru dubu da suka gabata...
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00:08:18,508 --> 00:08:20,843
A birnin Basra na kasar Iraqi,
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00:08:20,877 --> 00:08:22,845
akwai rayuwa
wani masanin haske.
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00:08:22,879 --> 00:08:28,217
Ibn al-Hazen yana da sha'awa
sha'awar fahimtar yanayi.
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Ya tambayi komai,
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00:08:30,387 --> 00:08:34,323
<> musamman waɗancan abubuwan
kowa ya dauka a banza.
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"Yaya muke gani?" Ya tambaya.
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00:08:39,496 --> 00:08:41,864
<> Wasu daga cikin manyan hukumomi
wanda ya zo gabansa
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00:08:41,898 --> 00:08:45,467
<> ya koyar da cewa haskoki na fitowa
na idanunmu da tafiya
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00:08:45,502 --> 00:08:49,838
zuwa abubuwan da muke gani
kafin mu dawo kan idanunmu.
124
00:08:49,873 --> 00:08:53,742
Amma al-Hazen ya kafa hujja da haka
taurari sun yi nisa sosai
125
00:08:53,777 --> 00:08:56,345
<> don wani abu a idanunmu
don tafiya har zuwa gare su
126
00:08:56,379 --> 00:08:59,014
<> kuma baya cikin ƙiftawa
na ido
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00:08:59,049 --> 00:09:02,685
Kyakkyawan dalili,
amma al-Hazen bai tsaya nan ba
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00:09:02,719 --> 00:09:06,989
<> Ya nemo hanyoyin tilastawa
yanayi don tona mata asiri
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00:09:07,023 --> 00:09:10,325
Al'adunsa a bude suke
zuwa sababbin ra'ayoyi da tambayoyi.
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00:09:10,360 --> 00:09:12,828
Lokaci ne na zinariya
na kimiyya
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a duniyar Musulunci
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00:09:15,098 --> 00:09:18,534
Wani wanda ya tashi daga Cordoba
a Spain
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00:09:18,568 --> 00:09:22,171
har zuwa Samarkand
a tsakiyar Asiya.
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00:09:22,205 --> 00:09:25,207
Malaman Kirista da Yahudawa
an karrama baƙi
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00:09:25,241 --> 00:09:27,943
a cibiyoyin bincike
na Baghdad, Alkahira,
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00:09:27,977 --> 00:09:30,512
da sauran garuruwan Musulunci.
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00:09:30,547 --> 00:09:34,083
<> maimakon kona littattafai,
halifofi sun aika da jakadu
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00:09:34,117 --> 00:09:37,052
a duniya
don neman littattafai.
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00:09:50,834 --> 00:09:55,237
Halifofi sun samu kudade da yawa
ayyukan fassara, nazari,
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00:09:55,271 --> 00:09:57,473
da kiyaye su
na gaba tsara.
141
00:09:57,507 --> 00:10:00,442
Yawancin hasken Tsohuwar
Da ilimin Girka ya kasance
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00:10:00,477 --> 00:10:02,911
na dindindin
ba tare da kokarinsu ba.
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00:10:02,946 --> 00:10:05,748
Fahimtar ilimin kimiyya
wanda ya faru a Turai,
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00:10:05,782 --> 00:10:08,817
bayan daruruwan shekaru,
wani harshen wuta ya kunna
145
00:10:08,852 --> 00:10:10,085
wanda aka dade ana kulawa
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00:10:10,120 --> 00:10:12,988
ta malaman Musulunci
da masana kimiyya.
147
00:10:13,023 --> 00:10:16,558
Larabawa kuma sun shigo da tunani
daga Indiya zuwa yamma,
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00:10:16,593 --> 00:10:19,161
ciki har da abin da ake kira
Lambobin Larabci
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00:10:19,195 --> 00:10:21,463
da muke amfani da su a yau,
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00:10:21,498 --> 00:10:24,299
da tunanin sifiri...
151
00:10:26,970 --> 00:10:28,437
wanda ya zo da amfani
152
00:10:28,471 --> 00:10:31,907
lokacin da kake son rubutawa
"biliyoyin da biliyoyin."
153
00:10:31,941 --> 00:10:34,910
Taurari na Larabci ya kasance
don haka tasiri,
154
00:10:34,944 --> 00:10:36,979
wanda har yanzu muna kira mafi yawa
na taurari masu haske
155
00:10:37,013 --> 00:10:38,814
da sunayensu na Larabci.
156
00:10:38,848 --> 00:10:43,919
Kuma "al's" a cikin algebra,
algorithm, alchemy, da barasa
157
00:10:43,953 --> 00:10:45,654
wasu ne kawai
na burbushin hagu
158
00:10:45,689 --> 00:10:50,159
daga lokacin Larabci
yaren kimiyya ne.
159
00:10:52,062 --> 00:10:54,797
<> A cikin ƙarni na 11,
Ibn al-Hazen ya tashi game da ƙoƙari
160
00:10:54,831 --> 00:10:58,867
<> don gwada ra'ayinsa game da haske
da kuma yadda muke gani.
161
00:10:58,902 --> 00:11:02,137
Don haka mun tsara gwaji
don sanin yadda haske ke motsawa.
162
00:11:02,172 --> 00:11:04,540
Mun kafa tanti
cikin cikakken hasken rana
163
00:11:04,574 --> 00:11:07,676
kuma ya rufe shi sosai don haka
haske guda ɗaya kawai
164
00:11:07,711 --> 00:11:10,446
zai iya huda duhun cikinta.
165
00:11:10,480 --> 00:11:12,781
Da kadan fiye da kwakwalwarsa
166
00:11:12,816 --> 00:11:15,050
kuma madaidaiciya
guntun itace-- mai mulki--
167
00:11:15,085 --> 00:11:16,952
al-Hazen ya cika
babban tsalle a gaba
168
00:11:16,986 --> 00:11:18,520
a cikin tarihin kimiyya.
169
00:11:18,555 --> 00:11:22,558
Ya gano haka
haske yana motsawa cikin layi madaidaiciya.
170
00:11:27,731 --> 00:11:29,698
Amma yana fara farawa.
171
00:11:29,733 --> 00:11:33,135
Al-Hazen ya gano hakan
mabuɗin ƙirƙirar kowane hoto--
172
00:11:33,169 --> 00:11:36,205
ko kana magana ne
ido ko kamara obscura--
173
00:11:36,239 --> 00:11:38,907
karamin budewa ne don takurawa
hasken da zai iya shiga
174
00:11:38,942 --> 00:11:40,809
wani dakin duhun in ba haka ba.
175
00:11:40,844 --> 00:11:43,712
Wannan budewar
ban da hargitsi
176
00:11:43,747 --> 00:11:46,415
na karin haske haskoki
da ke kewaye da mu.
177
00:11:46,449 --> 00:11:48,083
Karamin budewar,
178
00:11:48,118 --> 00:11:50,653
'yan kwatance
wannan hasken zai iya fitowa.
179
00:11:50,687 --> 00:11:52,855
Kuma hakan ya sa
hoton ya fi kaifi.
180
00:11:52,889 --> 00:11:55,657
Don haka maimakon a makanta
da haske,
181
00:11:55,692 --> 00:11:58,861
muna iya ganin komai
dole ya nuna mana.
182
00:11:58,895 --> 00:12:02,197
Al-Hazen ya yi nasa
kamara obscura
183
00:12:02,232 --> 00:12:04,266
kuma ya girgiza halifofi
184
00:12:04,300 --> 00:12:07,369
Kamara obscura yana aiki mafi kyau
cikin haske mai haske.
185
00:12:07,404 --> 00:12:11,206
<> Taurari na sararin sama
ba su da yawa ga wannan.
186
00:12:11,241 --> 00:12:14,543
Mu ko ta yaya muna buƙatar mafi girma
budewa don tattara haske,
187
00:12:14,577 --> 00:12:17,012
<> amma kuma muna bukata
don kula da hankali.
188
00:12:17,047 --> 00:12:19,682
Na'urar hangen nesa tana tattara haske
189
00:12:19,716 --> 00:12:22,017
<> daga kowane wuri
a fagen kallonsa
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00:12:22,052 --> 00:12:25,020
a duk faɗin ruwan tabarau
ko madubi,
191
00:12:25,055 --> 00:12:28,757
budewa ya fi girma
fiye da kyamarar obscura rami.
192
00:12:28,792 --> 00:12:32,695
Wannan daya ne
na na'urar hangen nesa ta farko...
193
00:12:32,729 --> 00:12:36,799
<> wanda Galileo ya duba
ta cikin 1609.
194
00:12:36,833 --> 00:12:41,070
Da shi ya ja gefe
labulen dare mai nauyi
195
00:12:41,104 --> 00:12:44,006
<> kuma ya fara ganowa
duniya.
196
00:12:56,619 --> 00:12:58,620
Lens ya sa ya yiwu
197
00:12:58,655 --> 00:13:01,724
don na'urar hangen nesa ya sami yawa
ya fi girma wurin tattara haske
198
00:13:01,758 --> 00:13:04,059
fiye da idanunmu.
199
00:13:04,094 --> 00:13:07,496
Manyan guga suna kama ruwan sama
fiye da ƙanana.
200
00:13:07,530 --> 00:13:10,432
<> Na'urorin hangen nesa na zamani suna da girma
wuraren tattarawa,
201
00:13:10,467 --> 00:13:12,134
masu gano abubuwan ganowa sosai,
202
00:13:12,168 --> 00:13:15,070
<> kuma suna bin abu ɗaya
na sa'o'i a lokaci guda
203
00:13:15,105 --> 00:13:18,440
<> don tarawa da yawa
na haskensa kamar yadda zai yiwu.
204
00:13:18,475 --> 00:13:21,243
Tsarin hangen nesa na tushen sarari
irin su Hubble,
205
00:13:21,277 --> 00:13:23,112
sun kama haske
daga mafi nisa
206
00:13:23,146 --> 00:13:24,780
da dadadden taurari,
207
00:13:24,814 --> 00:13:27,983
<> yana ba mu ƙarin haske
hotuna na sararin samaniya.
208
00:13:29,619 --> 00:13:33,322
Al-Hazen ya gano yadda hotuna
suna samuwa ta hanyar haske.
209
00:13:33,356 --> 00:13:35,691
amma hakan yayi nisa
daga babbar nasararsa.
210
00:13:35,725 --> 00:13:38,427
Ibn al-Hazen shine na farko
mutum har abada
211
00:13:38,461 --> 00:13:41,130
don saita ƙasa
dokokin kimiyya.
212
00:13:41,164 --> 00:13:43,665
Ya halitta
na'urar gyara kuskure,
213
00:13:43,700 --> 00:13:46,168
hanya mai tsauri da rashin karewa
214
00:13:46,202 --> 00:13:48,837
don kawar da rashin fahimta
a tunaninmu.
215
00:13:48,872 --> 00:13:53,842
Neman gaskiya yana da wahala...
216
00:13:53,877 --> 00:13:56,845
kuma hanyar zuwa gareta tana da kauri.
217
00:13:56,880 --> 00:13:59,148
A matsayin masu neman gaskiya.
218
00:13:59,182 --> 00:14:02,284
Za ku zama masu hikima ku riƙe
hukunci kuma ba kawai sanya
219
00:14:02,318 --> 00:14:05,187
amincewar ku ga rubuce-rubucen
na magabata.
220
00:14:05,221 --> 00:14:09,024
Dole ne ku yi tambaya da tsauri
bincika waɗannan rubuce-rubucen
221
00:14:09,059 --> 00:14:11,560
daga kowane bangare.
222
00:14:11,594 --> 00:14:14,830
Dole ne ku sallama kawai
don jayayya da gwaji
223
00:14:14,864 --> 00:14:18,233
kuma ba ga zantuka ba
na kowane mutum.
224
00:14:18,268 --> 00:14:20,803
Domin kowane ɗan adam
yana da rauni
225
00:14:20,837 --> 00:14:23,505
ga kowane irin ajizanci.
226
00:14:23,540 --> 00:14:25,974
A matsayin masu neman gaskiya.
227
00:14:26,009 --> 00:14:28,343
dole ne mu kuma yi zargin
da tambaya
228
00:14:28,378 --> 00:14:31,980
namu ra'ayoyin yayin da muke yi
binciken mu,
229
00:14:32,015 --> 00:14:36,919
don gudun fadawa cikin son zuciya
ko tunanin rashin kulawa.
230
00:14:36,953 --> 00:14:42,191
Yi wannan hanya, da gaskiya
za a bayyana muku.
231
00:14:59,075 --> 00:15:02,244
Wannan ita ce hanyar kimiyya.
232
00:15:02,278 --> 00:15:05,080
<> Ƙarfin da ya sa ake ɗauka
wakilanmu na robotic
233
00:15:05,115 --> 00:15:08,550
zuwa bakin
tsarin hasken rana da kuma bayan.
234
00:15:10,286 --> 00:15:12,588
Ya ninka tsawon rayuwar mu,
235
00:15:12,622 --> 00:15:14,389
<> ya sanya duniya batacce
na baya
236
00:15:14,424 --> 00:15:16,425
zo da rai.
237
00:15:17,827 --> 00:15:20,062
Kimiyya ta taimaka mana
don hasashen abubuwan da suka faru
238
00:15:20,096 --> 00:15:22,564
nan gaba mai nisa...
239
00:15:22,599 --> 00:15:26,068
kuma don sadarwa tare da kowane
sauran a gudun haske,
240
00:15:26,102 --> 00:15:28,704
kamar yadda nake tare da ku,
dama a wannan lokacin.
241
00:15:28,738 --> 00:15:30,773
Wannan hanyar tunani
ya bamu iko
242
00:15:30,807 --> 00:15:34,443
cewa al-Hazen da kansa
dã an ɗauke shi a matsayin wizardry.
243
00:15:37,947 --> 00:15:42,317
Amma shi ne ya sa mu
a kan wannan katafaren hanya, mara iyaka.
244
00:15:44,187 --> 00:15:47,055
Kuma yanzu ya kai mu
zuwa wani wuri
245
00:15:47,090 --> 00:15:51,794
inda har haske kanta
an lullube shi cikin duhu.
246
00:16:00,094 --> 00:16:02,229
Haske yana da kaddarorin sabanin
wani abu kuma
247
00:16:02,263 --> 00:16:04,131
a cikin daula
na kasancewar mutum.
248
00:16:04,165 --> 00:16:06,300
Ɗauki saurin haske.
249
00:16:06,334 --> 00:16:08,435
Asalin barbashi na haske,
photon,
250
00:16:08,469 --> 00:16:11,138
<> an haife shi yana tafiya
a gudun haske
251
00:16:11,172 --> 00:16:13,941
kamar yadda yake fitowa daga
zarra ko kwayoyin halitta.
252
00:16:13,975 --> 00:16:16,109
Photon bai taɓa sani ba
wani gudun,
253
00:16:16,144 --> 00:16:18,946
kuma ba mu sami wani ba
al'amarin da cewa accelerates
254
00:16:18,980 --> 00:16:21,915
daga sifili zuwa babban gudun
nan take.
255
00:16:21,950 --> 00:16:24,151
Babu wani abu kuma
zai iya motsawa da sauri.
256
00:16:24,185 --> 00:16:26,820
Lokacin da muke ƙoƙari mu hanzarta wasu
barbashi kusa da kusa
257
00:16:26,854 --> 00:16:29,556
zuwa gudun haske,
suna kara bijirewa,
258
00:16:29,591 --> 00:16:31,325
kamar suna samun
nauyi da nauyi.
259
00:16:31,359 --> 00:16:32,793
Har yanzu babu wani gwaji da aka yi
260
00:16:32,827 --> 00:16:36,830
ya taba yin barbashi
matsar da sauri kamar haske.
261
00:16:43,504 --> 00:16:46,139
Menene wancan?
262
00:16:46,174 --> 00:16:48,342
Kuna jin wani abu?
263
00:16:48,376 --> 00:16:50,510
Ina ina? Oh, iya.
264
00:16:50,545 --> 00:16:54,615
Ban san komai ba
a cikin rayuwar da ta kasance kamar haske.
265
00:16:54,649 --> 00:16:58,085
Ba zan iya sulhu ba
ta m Properties
266
00:16:58,119 --> 00:17:00,754
da komai
hankalina ya gaya mani.
267
00:17:00,788 --> 00:17:03,757
Burinmu mu amince
hankulanmu sun yi galabaita
268
00:17:03,791 --> 00:17:05,859
abin mu auna na'urorin
gaya mana game da
269
00:17:05,894 --> 00:17:07,794
ainihin yanayin gaskiya.
270
00:17:07,829 --> 00:17:09,997
Hankalin mu yana aiki lafiya
don abubuwa masu girman rai
271
00:17:10,031 --> 00:17:11,832
motsi a gudun dabbobi masu shayarwa,
272
00:17:11,866 --> 00:17:16,470
amma ba a daidaita su ba
Wonderland dokokin lightspeed.
273
00:17:20,642 --> 00:17:24,011
Ba mu ma san dalili ba
akwai iyaka gudun duniya.
274
00:17:24,045 --> 00:17:27,481
Lokaci yana tsayawa har yanzu lokacin da kake
tafiya cikin saurin haske.
275
00:17:27,515 --> 00:17:29,983
Mene ne haske, ko ta yaya?
276
00:17:33,521 --> 00:17:37,024
Ishak Newton ta jurewa
burgewa da haske
277
00:17:37,058 --> 00:17:39,226
ya fara tun yana yaro...
278
00:17:41,663 --> 00:17:44,097
a cikin wannan gidan.
279
00:17:49,170 --> 00:17:53,340
A lokacin yana da shekaru 20.
Newton ya zama mutum na farko
280
00:17:53,374 --> 00:17:56,543
don warware asirin
na bakan gizo.
281
00:18:00,248 --> 00:18:03,550
Newton ya gano cewa wasu
haske, ko farin haske,
282
00:18:03,585 --> 00:18:06,553
cakuduwar dukkan launuka ne
na bakan gizo.
283
00:18:09,090 --> 00:18:11,158
Babban bincike.
284
00:18:11,192 --> 00:18:13,727
Ya ba da sunan nunin launuka
a "spectrum"
285
00:18:13,761 --> 00:18:18,031
daga Latin don "fatalwa"
ko kuma "bayyana."
286
00:18:30,278 --> 00:18:32,246
Neman afuwa,
Master Newton,
287
00:18:32,280 --> 00:18:34,982
mai dafa abinci ya ji haushin abincin dare
zai lalace, yallabai.
288
00:18:37,886 --> 00:18:40,053
A'a, Ishaku, kar
ajiye gilashin girma!
289
00:18:40,088 --> 00:18:43,857
<> Wani abu ma ya fi ban mamaki
yana boye a cikin haske--
290
00:18:43,892 --> 00:18:46,393
ladi, maɓalli ga sararin samaniya.
291
00:18:53,167 --> 00:18:57,070
Isaac Newton bai rasa da yawa ba,
amma wancan ya kasance kyakkyawa.
292
00:18:57,105 --> 00:19:00,207
Ya wuce daidai
ƙofar zuwa sararin samaniya mai ɓoye;
293
00:19:00,241 --> 00:19:04,278
kofar da ba zata bude ba
kuma na wasu shekaru 150.
294
00:19:04,312 --> 00:19:06,613
Zai fadi
akan wani masanin kimiyya,
295
00:19:06,648 --> 00:19:08,315
yana aiki a shekara ta 1800.
296
00:19:08,349 --> 00:19:10,317
yin tuntuɓe
akan wata shaida
297
00:19:10,351 --> 00:19:13,353
ga talikai gaibi
da ke kewaye da mu.
298
00:19:16,925 --> 00:19:19,358
Da dare, William Herschel
leka sammai
299
00:19:19,392 --> 00:19:21,861
da mafi girman na'urar hangen nesa
na lokacinsa.
300
00:19:21,895 --> 00:19:24,831
Da rana, Herschel ta yi wasa
gwaje-gwaje.
301
00:19:24,865 --> 00:19:27,500
Daga aikin farko na Newton,
an san hasken rana
302
00:19:27,534 --> 00:19:29,902
hade ne na launuka daban-daban.
303
00:19:29,937 --> 00:19:32,304
Kuma kowa ya sani,
daga waje kawai,
304
00:19:32,339 --> 00:19:34,539
cewa hasken rana yana ɗaukar zafi.
305
00:19:36,075 --> 00:19:38,076
William Herschel ya tambaya
306
00:19:38,110 --> 00:19:40,679
ko wasu launukan haske
dauke zafi fiye da sauran.
307
00:19:40,713 --> 00:19:44,816
Dabi'ar hazakar kimiyya
tambaya
308
00:19:44,851 --> 00:19:47,652
menene sauran mu
a dauki hankali...
309
00:19:47,687 --> 00:19:50,253
sannan ku yi gwajin.
310
00:19:52,290 --> 00:19:55,726
The ma'aunin zafi da sanyio da Herschel
sanya a waje da bakan
311
00:19:55,760 --> 00:19:57,761
shi ne ikonsa.
312
00:19:59,464 --> 00:20:01,365
Mai sarrafa kowane gwaji
313
00:20:01,399 --> 00:20:04,034
ko da yaushe ba shi da shi
abin da ake gwadawa.
314
00:20:04,068 --> 00:20:06,168
<> Ta haka, ka sani
idan abin da kuke gwadawa shine
315
00:20:06,203 --> 00:20:08,304
<> hakika abin da ke da alhakin
domin lura.
316
00:20:09,439 --> 00:20:10,740
A cikin gwajin Herschel,
317
00:20:10,774 --> 00:20:12,375
dangantaka tsakanin
318
00:20:12,409 --> 00:20:13,776
launi da zafin jiki
ana gwadawa,
319
00:20:13,811 --> 00:20:16,880
<> don haka ikonsa ya kasance
ma'aunin zafi da sanyio
320
00:20:16,914 --> 00:20:18,581
a kan sashin
na farar takardar
321
00:20:18,616 --> 00:20:21,917
<> ba a haskaka wannan ba
ta hasken rana kwata-kwata.
322
00:20:24,253 --> 00:20:25,787
Akwai wannan sauti kuma.
323
00:20:25,822 --> 00:20:28,557
Mene ne hakan?
324
00:20:34,296 --> 00:20:36,798
Ok, jan haske ya fi zafi
fiye da blue haske.
325
00:20:36,833 --> 00:20:41,903
Bincike mai ban sha'awa,
amma ba ainihin juyin juya hali ba.
326
00:21:03,424 --> 00:21:07,126
A'a, babu laifi
tare da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio.
327
00:21:07,161 --> 00:21:10,529
<> Kun gano yanzu
sabon irin haske.
328
00:21:19,372 --> 00:21:22,441
Herschel shine na farko
don gano wannan gaban gaibu
329
00:21:22,475 --> 00:21:25,677
labe a kasa
jan karshen bakan.
330
00:21:25,711 --> 00:21:28,613
Shi ya sa ya zo
da za a kira "infrared."
331
00:21:28,647 --> 00:21:30,815
"Infra" shine Latin
don kalmar "kasa."
332
00:21:30,849 --> 00:21:32,416
Yana da ganuwa.
333
00:21:32,451 --> 00:21:34,819
Idanuwanmu ba su da hankali
ga irin wannan haske,
334
00:21:34,853 --> 00:21:37,722
amma fatar mu --
muna jin shi kamar zafi.
335
00:21:37,756 --> 00:21:39,557
Yanzu haka
babban abin ganowa sosai.
336
00:21:39,592 --> 00:21:41,992
Amma mafi girman sirrin
har yanzu suna fakewa
337
00:21:42,026 --> 00:21:44,494
zurfin cikin haske.
338
00:21:50,384 --> 00:21:52,418
A game da
lokaci guda da William Herschel
339
00:21:52,452 --> 00:21:55,353
yana gano hasken infrared
a cikin dakinsa a Ingila,
340
00:21:55,388 --> 00:21:57,856
wani yaro mai suna
Joseph Fraunhofer
341
00:21:57,891 --> 00:22:00,358
<> an kama shi
cikin rashin bege.
342
00:22:00,393 --> 00:22:03,328
<> Ya tsaya bisa kasko
na sinadarai masu guba
343
00:22:03,362 --> 00:22:05,731
da kuma zuga ba iyaka.
344
00:22:07,633 --> 00:22:10,435
<> Yusufu ya kasance maraya
yana da shekaru 11
345
00:22:10,469 --> 00:22:14,271
<> kuma aka ba wa maigida mai kaushi
mai suna Weichselberger,
346
00:22:14,306 --> 00:22:17,241
mai yin madubin sarauta.
347
00:22:17,275 --> 00:22:19,543
<> Ya hana Yusufu
daga zuwa makaranta.
348
00:22:19,578 --> 00:22:22,780
<> Maimakon haka, Yusufu ya yi aiki a ciki
349
00:22:22,815 --> 00:22:24,749
<> yin gilashin
bita da rana,
350
00:22:24,783 --> 00:22:27,250
<> kuma ya kula da maigidan
ayyukan gida da dare.
351
00:22:32,757 --> 00:22:34,257
Yi sauri, wawa!
352
00:22:34,291 --> 00:22:37,227
Kuma ku tuna, babu karatu.
353
00:22:41,599 --> 00:22:44,433
Har sai da Yusuf ya samu babban hutunsa
354
00:22:44,467 --> 00:22:48,560
Weichselberger's
gida ya ruguje.
355
00:23:06,619 --> 00:23:08,487
Maximilian, nan gaba
Sarkin Bavaria,
356
00:23:08,521 --> 00:23:10,422
<> da sauri ya nufi wurin
na bala'i
357
00:23:10,456 --> 00:23:11,990
don ganin ko zai iya taimakawa.
358
00:23:12,025 --> 00:23:14,459
An san Maximilian da
359
00:23:14,494 --> 00:23:16,094
daukar sha'awa
a cikin batutuwansa,
360
00:23:16,129 --> 00:23:18,330
<> wanda ya kasance sabon abu
don lokacinsa.
361
00:23:32,212 --> 00:23:35,347
<> A cikin jawo damuwa
na nan gaba sarkin Bavaria,
362
00:23:35,381 --> 00:23:36,982
matashi Joseph Fraunhofer
363
00:23:37,016 --> 00:23:39,818
<> ya sami buɗaɗɗen buɗe ido a ciki
duniya daban.
364
00:23:39,852 --> 00:23:42,287
Kuma ba don kansa kawai ba
365
00:23:45,091 --> 00:23:46,859
Prince Maximilian
ya ba Yusufu kuɗi
366
00:23:46,893 --> 00:23:48,694
kuma ya tambayi kansilansa na sirri
367
00:23:48,728 --> 00:23:50,162
don samar da ƙarin
taimako ga yaron,
368
00:23:50,196 --> 00:23:52,564
ya kamata a buƙata.
369
00:23:57,437 --> 00:24:00,139
Weichselberger ya ci gaba
a yi amfani da shi
370
00:24:00,173 --> 00:24:02,474
<> kuma ku hana shi
daga zuwa makaranta.
371
00:24:02,509 --> 00:24:04,543
Amma dan majalisar sarki
ya shiga tsakani,
372
00:24:04,577 --> 00:24:08,080
<> yana ba Yusufu matsayi
a Cibiyar gani da gani.
373
00:24:08,114 --> 00:24:13,252
Wannan karamin karimcin alheri
da gaske an biya.
374
00:24:25,598 --> 00:24:28,434
A lokacin yana da shekaru 27.
375
00:24:28,468 --> 00:24:30,703
Joseph Fraunhofer ne
babban mai zanen duniya
376
00:24:30,737 --> 00:24:32,738
lenses masu inganci,
377
00:24:32,772 --> 00:24:35,441
telescopes da sauran su
kayan aikin gani.
378
00:24:35,475 --> 00:24:39,345
Kamfaninsa ya kasance a nan,
a cikin tsohon Benediktbeuren Abbey.
379
00:24:39,379 --> 00:24:41,547
A farkon karni na 19,
380
00:24:41,581 --> 00:24:44,883
wannan babban sirri ne,
ultra-high fasaha.
381
00:24:47,921 --> 00:24:50,122
Sufaye Benedictine
na lokutan baya
382
00:24:50,156 --> 00:24:52,124
ya dauki alwashi na sirri.
383
00:24:52,158 --> 00:24:54,126
Wannan al'adar gida,
384
00:24:54,160 --> 00:24:55,627
da iyawa
don takurawa shiga
385
00:24:55,662 --> 00:24:57,196
zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje na Fraunhofer,
386
00:24:57,230 --> 00:24:59,198
yarda masa ya kula da iko
387
00:24:59,232 --> 00:25:02,301
na kasuwanci da sirrin kasa.
388
00:25:07,407 --> 00:25:09,708
Fraunhofer yana gwaji
tare da prisms
389
00:25:09,743 --> 00:25:13,145
<> don nemo mafi kyawun nau'ikan gilashi
don madaidaicin ruwan tabarau.
390
00:25:13,179 --> 00:25:15,881
<> yaya, ya yi mamaki,
zai iya samun kyan gani
391
00:25:15,915 --> 00:25:17,916
<> a bakan cewa
wani prism ya samar?
392
00:25:21,087 --> 00:25:24,890
Friedrich, kawo mani
theodolite, don Allah.
393
00:25:24,924 --> 00:25:27,826
To, yayin da Fraunhofer
ya kafa theodolite--
394
00:25:27,861 --> 00:25:29,662
wani irin na'urar hangen nesa ne--
395
00:25:29,696 --> 00:25:32,998
Ina so in nuna muku wani abu
a wani bangare na abbey.
396
00:25:37,637 --> 00:25:41,373
Rashin sauti
yana da kyau a ji.
397
00:25:43,209 --> 00:25:47,913
Ka yi tunanin yadda kyakkyawa
za su gani.
398
00:25:47,947 --> 00:25:51,150
Kun taba mamakin dalilin da yasa gaba
bututu suna da tsayi daban-daban?
399
00:25:53,386 --> 00:25:54,620
na danna maɓalli...
400
00:25:57,123 --> 00:25:58,524
yana aika da matse iska
401
00:25:58,558 --> 00:25:59,792
a cikin wani tube na musamman,
402
00:25:59,826 --> 00:26:01,627
samar da raƙuman sauti.
403
00:26:01,661 --> 00:26:04,363
Idan za mu iya rage raƙuman sauti
ƙasa sau ɗari kaɗan,
404
00:26:04,397 --> 00:26:06,532
za su kasance kamar wannan.
405
00:26:10,236 --> 00:26:11,870
Tsawon bututu
406
00:26:11,905 --> 00:26:13,339
ƙayyade tsawon
na sautin kalaman
407
00:26:13,373 --> 00:26:14,840
wanda zai iya shiga ciki.
408
00:26:14,874 --> 00:26:16,942
Wani ɗan gajeren bututu yana ba ku
gajeriyar kalaman sauti.
409
00:26:18,978 --> 00:26:21,714
Gajeren sauti raƙuman ruwa suna da
babban matsayi, ko mita.
410
00:26:27,220 --> 00:26:29,888
Mu dakatar da raƙuman ruwa
don kyan gani.
411
00:26:34,260 --> 00:26:36,195
Nisa tsakanin
igiyoyin ruwa na kusa
412
00:26:36,229 --> 00:26:37,997
ake kira tsawon zango.
413
00:26:38,031 --> 00:26:40,532
Dogon bututu yana baka
igiyar sauti mai tsayi
414
00:26:40,567 --> 00:26:42,935
tare da madaidaicin launi,
ko ƙananan mita.
415
00:27:34,487 --> 00:27:37,389
Rubutun Medieval na
this music, "Carmina Burana,"
416
00:27:37,424 --> 00:27:40,592
aka gano
cikin wannan abbey din.
417
00:27:43,797 --> 00:27:46,231
Raƙuman sauti ba zai iya tafiya ba
ta hanyar vacuum.
418
00:27:46,266 --> 00:27:48,133
Suna buƙatar kwayoyin halitta don hawa,
419
00:27:48,168 --> 00:27:51,637
kamar kwayoyin halittar iska,
ko ruwa, ko dutse.
420
00:27:51,671 --> 00:27:53,772
Amma raƙuman haske suna tashi kawai.
421
00:27:53,807 --> 00:27:55,975
Suna iya motsawa
ta sarari fanko.
422
00:27:56,009 --> 00:27:57,609
Kuma sauri--
423
00:27:57,644 --> 00:28:00,746
sau miliyan da sauri
fiye da raƙuman sauti a cikin iska.
424
00:28:00,780 --> 00:28:02,748
Da kuma tsawon zango
na hasken da muke gani
425
00:28:02,782 --> 00:28:05,284
sun fi guntu sosai
fiye da raƙuman sauti.
426
00:28:05,318 --> 00:28:08,153
Kimanin raƙuman haske 50,000
427
00:28:08,188 --> 00:28:10,622
zai dace a nan.
428
00:28:11,791 --> 00:28:13,325
Oh, iya.
429
00:28:13,360 --> 00:28:14,793
Fraunhofer.
430
00:28:21,434 --> 00:28:22,768
Kawai cikin lokaci.
431
00:28:22,802 --> 00:28:24,436
Ba mu rasa shi ba.
432
00:28:24,471 --> 00:28:26,638
Kamar dai tsayin sautin
433
00:28:26,673 --> 00:28:28,640
yana ƙayyadaddun fage
abin da muke ji,
434
00:28:28,675 --> 00:28:30,142
tsawon tsayin haske
435
00:28:30,176 --> 00:28:32,611
yana ƙayyade launi
da muke gani.
436
00:28:32,645 --> 00:28:35,080
Amma yaya prism yake
shimfida launuka
437
00:28:35,115 --> 00:28:37,616
an ɓoye a ciki
hasken rana?
438
00:28:37,650 --> 00:28:41,587
Lokacin da haske ke tafiya
ta iska ko sarari,
439
00:28:41,621 --> 00:28:43,989
duk launukansa suna motsawa
a irin wannan gudun.
440
00:28:46,026 --> 00:28:48,794
<> Amma idan ya buga gilashi
a kusurwa,
441
00:28:48,828 --> 00:28:51,230
hasken yana raguwa
kuma ya canza hanya.
442
00:28:52,799 --> 00:28:54,767
Cikin prism,
443
00:28:54,801 --> 00:28:56,802
Kowane launi yana motsawa
a wani gudun daban.
444
00:29:01,141 --> 00:29:02,941
A cikin gilashi, hasken violet,
445
00:29:02,976 --> 00:29:05,144
<> wanda ake ɗauka
mafi ƙarancin raƙuman ruwa da muke gani,
446
00:29:05,178 --> 00:29:07,179
yana ragewa fiye da jan haske,
447
00:29:07,213 --> 00:29:09,648
wanda ke da mafi tsayin igiyoyin ruwa.
448
00:29:11,484 --> 00:29:13,886
Waɗannan canje-canje a cikin saurin gudu
449
00:29:13,920 --> 00:29:16,455
raba launuka daban-daban,
450
00:29:16,489 --> 00:29:18,290
aika tãguwar ruwa a kashe
451
00:29:18,324 --> 00:29:20,726
<> a ɗan bambanta
kwatance.
452
00:29:21,928 --> 00:29:23,929
Wannan shine yadda priism ke aiki.
453
00:29:26,066 --> 00:29:28,333
Idan na ga ba daidai ba
tausayawa akan hakan,
454
00:29:28,368 --> 00:29:31,170
saboda Joseph Fraunhofer ne
yana gab da yi
455
00:29:31,204 --> 00:29:34,707
abin da Isaac Newton
iya yi, amma bai yi ba.
456
00:29:34,741 --> 00:29:36,809
Kuma zai sami tasiri mai ƙarfi
457
00:29:36,843 --> 00:29:38,677
akan tafarkin rayuwata.
458
00:30:01,701 --> 00:30:03,736
Kuna shaida daurin
459
00:30:03,770 --> 00:30:05,371
na kimiyyar lissafi da ilmin taurari,
460
00:30:05,405 --> 00:30:09,274
haihuwar nawa
fannin kimiyya,
461
00:30:09,309 --> 00:30:11,744
astrophysics.
462
00:30:13,747 --> 00:30:15,514
An rubuta a cikin haske,
463
00:30:15,548 --> 00:30:18,951
a cikin waɗancan layukan baƙaƙen tsaye...
464
00:30:20,387 --> 00:30:23,355
code sirri ne.
465
00:30:23,390 --> 00:30:26,191
Fraunhofer ya dube su,
da mamaki...
466
00:30:26,226 --> 00:30:28,227
Me yasa?
467
00:30:30,130 --> 00:30:33,465
Lambar da ta zo mana
468
00:30:33,500 --> 00:30:35,934
daga baƙon sararin samaniya.
469
00:30:46,299 --> 00:30:47,546
Mene ne sakon
470
00:30:47,632 --> 00:30:51,236
An rubuta a cikin wannan duhu,
layukan tsaye?
471
00:30:56,309 --> 00:30:58,376
Ya ɗauki shekaru ɗari
na tunani,
472
00:30:58,411 --> 00:31:01,713
tambaya, bincike
don warware shi.
473
00:31:21,267 --> 00:31:23,401
kyakkyawa, ba haka ba?
474
00:31:23,436 --> 00:31:24,970
Me yasa?
475
00:31:25,004 --> 00:31:28,473
Akwai yadudduka da yawa zuwa
kyakkyawan tsari na kyau...
476
00:31:28,508 --> 00:31:31,643
<> ilimin kimiyyar duniya
da yanayinsa...
477
00:31:31,677 --> 00:31:34,613
juyin rayuwa...
478
00:31:34,647 --> 00:31:38,216
Yawancin zare daban-daban.
479
00:31:38,251 --> 00:31:41,319
Mu duba daya kawai,
na surface...
480
00:31:41,354 --> 00:31:43,755
launuka na yanayi
abin ya ba mu mamaki.
481
00:31:43,789 --> 00:31:46,892
Me ke faruwa da gaske?
482
00:31:46,926 --> 00:31:48,793
Yaya ja, shudi...
483
00:31:48,828 --> 00:31:51,796
<> palette mai ban mamaki
na launukan yanayi...
484
00:31:55,801 --> 00:31:58,436
yaya suke faruwa?
485
00:32:01,107 --> 00:32:03,275
Raƙuman haske na tsayi daban-daban
daga Sun
486
00:32:03,309 --> 00:32:04,709
buge Duniya.
487
00:32:06,112 --> 00:32:08,146
A petals na wadannan
furanni na musamman
488
00:32:08,181 --> 00:32:09,748
sha duk mai karancin kuzari,
489
00:32:09,782 --> 00:32:12,017
dogayen jajayen kalaman haske na haske.
490
00:32:12,051 --> 00:32:13,752
Amma petals suna nunawa
491
00:32:13,786 --> 00:32:17,088
mafi guntu, babban makamashi
shuɗi mai tsayi.
492
00:32:17,123 --> 00:32:19,858
Wannan hulɗar
tsakanin hasken tauraro da petal--
493
00:32:19,892 --> 00:32:21,860
ko ruwa, ko Van Gogh--
494
00:32:21,894 --> 00:32:23,461
shine abin da ke sa shuɗi.
495
00:32:23,496 --> 00:32:25,630
Mafi tsayi taguwar ruwa,
496
00:32:25,665 --> 00:32:27,465
wadanda muke gani kamar ja,
497
00:32:27,500 --> 00:32:30,068
suna da mafi ƙarancin makamashi.
498
00:32:33,005 --> 00:32:35,340
Launi shine hanya
idanunmu sun gane
499
00:32:35,374 --> 00:32:37,242
yadda igiyoyin haske suke da kuzari.
500
00:32:39,078 --> 00:32:40,779
Faɗuwar rana...
501
00:32:40,813 --> 00:32:42,948
tuta...
502
00:32:42,982 --> 00:32:45,383
idanun masoyinka...
503
00:32:45,418 --> 00:32:47,152
wannan sabuwar mota mai kyalli.
504
00:32:47,186 --> 00:32:49,154
Abubuwan da suke zugawa
505
00:32:49,188 --> 00:32:50,989
ya faru lokacin da wani abu a cikin ku
506
00:32:51,023 --> 00:32:53,492
yana jawo ta
wani bambanci
507
00:32:53,526 --> 00:32:56,995
a cikin mita da
makamashi na haske taguwar ruwa.
508
00:32:58,764 --> 00:32:59,898
Kuma sakon sirri?
509
00:32:59,932 --> 00:33:01,633
Waɗancan baƙaƙen layukan tsaye
510
00:33:01,667 --> 00:33:03,668
a cikin bakan Fraunhofer?
511
00:33:03,703 --> 00:33:05,804
Me ya sa su?
512
00:33:05,838 --> 00:33:08,006
Suna faruwa a lokacin da hasken ke kaɗawa
513
00:33:08,040 --> 00:33:10,809
<> na waɗancan launuka na musamman
ana shayarwa.
514
00:33:10,843 --> 00:33:13,378
<> Yana faruwa a wani matakin
gaskiya,
515
00:33:13,412 --> 00:33:16,414
mafi ƙanƙanta fiye da duniya
mun saba yin aiki a ciki.
516
00:33:16,449 --> 00:33:19,017
<> don isa can,
za mu buƙaci zama
517
00:33:19,051 --> 00:33:21,786
Sau biliyan goma karami
fiye da mu.
518
00:33:24,557 --> 00:33:26,925
<> Za mu iya ɗauka
kowane ɗayan waɗannan zarra.
519
00:33:26,959 --> 00:33:30,028
<> Amma mu tafi
ga hydrogen atom.
520
00:33:30,062 --> 00:33:32,531
Atom hydrogen shine
mafi yawan nau'in
521
00:33:32,565 --> 00:33:34,933
na zarra a cikin cosmos.
522
00:33:34,967 --> 00:33:37,369
Kuma mafi sauki.
523
00:33:44,877 --> 00:33:48,046
Yana da lantarki guda ɗaya kawai.
524
00:33:48,080 --> 00:33:50,582
Kuma proton daya kacal.
525
00:33:50,616 --> 00:33:52,684
Mun shiga
daular quantum.
526
00:33:52,718 --> 00:33:54,519
Ba ya dace
527
00:33:54,554 --> 00:33:57,289
zuwa kwarewar ɗan adam.
528
00:33:57,323 --> 00:34:00,525
<> Hankali na kowa shine
babu taimako a nan kwata-kwata.
529
00:34:00,560 --> 00:34:03,562
Dauki hydrogen atom
electron, misali.
530
00:34:05,498 --> 00:34:07,732
A cikin zarra, lantarki
531
00:34:07,767 --> 00:34:09,467
babu tsakanin orbitals.
532
00:34:09,502 --> 00:34:11,269
Yana ɓacewa daga orbital ɗaya
533
00:34:11,304 --> 00:34:13,939
kuma ya sake bayyana a wani.
534
00:34:13,973 --> 00:34:15,774
Kamar ka ɗauki elevator
daga hawa na biyu
535
00:34:15,808 --> 00:34:19,077
zuwa hawa na hudu,
amma ya daina wanzuwa a tsakanin.
536
00:34:19,111 --> 00:34:20,812
Da wani abu.
537
00:34:20,847 --> 00:34:23,782
Ƙirar ƙididdiga kawai tana tsayawa
a wasu benaye.
538
00:34:23,816 --> 00:34:27,219
Girman na'urar lantarki
orbits suna da iyaka sosai,
539
00:34:27,253 --> 00:34:30,088
<> kuma daban-daban
ga atom na kowane sinadari.
540
00:34:31,624 --> 00:34:33,959
<> Shi ya sa abubuwan
sun bambanta.
541
00:34:33,993 --> 00:34:35,327
Kimiyyar Kimiyya
na kowane abu an ƙaddara
542
00:34:35,361 --> 00:34:36,928
ta hanyar kewayawar wutar lantarki.
543
00:34:36,963 --> 00:34:39,831
<> Ƙarfin da ke riƙewa
lantarki a cikin kewayawa
544
00:34:39,866 --> 00:34:41,666
ba shi da alaƙa da nauyi.
545
00:34:41,701 --> 00:34:45,237
<> Ƙarfi ne
na jan hankalin lantarki.
546
00:34:45,271 --> 00:34:47,572
Electron din yana rawan zobe mai kauri
547
00:34:47,607 --> 00:34:49,841
a kusa da tsakiya tsakiya
na hydrogen atom.
548
00:34:49,876 --> 00:34:52,644
Kuma yana yin tsalle-tsalle
daga kewayawa zuwa kewayawa.
549
00:34:52,678 --> 00:34:53,945
Sama ko ƙasa.
550
00:34:53,980 --> 00:34:55,347
Mafi girman sararin samaniya,
551
00:34:55,381 --> 00:34:57,415
mafi girman makamashi
na lantarki.
552
00:34:57,450 --> 00:34:59,818
Wani lantarki yana da
553
00:34:59,852 --> 00:35:01,987
don samun kuzarin tsalle
zuwa sararin sararin samaniya.
554
00:35:02,021 --> 00:35:04,823
<> kuma dole ya rasa kuzari
don tsalle baya.
555
00:35:04,857 --> 00:35:08,159
Kowace tsalle sama
ya haifar da...
556
00:35:08,194 --> 00:35:11,596
atom ɗin da ke ɗaukar igiyar haske.
557
00:35:11,631 --> 00:35:15,433
Amma ba mu san abin da ke haddasawa ba
kasa tana tsalle.
558
00:35:15,468 --> 00:35:19,037
Abin da muka sani cewa irin wannan tsalle
ko da yaushe samar da haske kalaman
559
00:35:19,071 --> 00:35:21,706
wanda launinsa yayi daidai
bambancin makamashi
560
00:35:21,741 --> 00:35:23,508
tsakanin orbitals.
561
00:35:28,414 --> 00:35:32,817
Sanarwar Rana tana haskakawa
raƙuman haske na kowane launi.
562
00:35:32,852 --> 00:35:34,653
Idan ka kalli hasken rana
ta hanyar prism,
563
00:35:34,687 --> 00:35:36,688
za ku ga bakan sa.
564
00:35:39,325 --> 00:35:42,160
Lokacin da kuka haɓaka bakan
da na'urar hangen nesa,
565
00:35:42,195 --> 00:35:44,062
kamar yadda Joseph Fraunhofer yayi,
566
00:35:44,096 --> 00:35:45,664
ka ɗaga labule
567
00:35:45,698 --> 00:35:48,900
a kan rawan lantarki
a cikin zarra.
568
00:35:48,935 --> 00:35:51,136
Lokacin da makamashi
na tutocin lantarki,
569
00:35:51,170 --> 00:35:52,837
<> kuma yana sauka
zuwa ƙananan orbital,
570
00:35:52,872 --> 00:35:55,240
kalaman haske
yana fitar da warwatse.
571
00:35:55,274 --> 00:35:57,676
Yawancinsa ba ya isa gare mu.
572
00:35:57,710 --> 00:35:59,244
Wannan ya bar gibi mai duhu
573
00:35:59,278 --> 00:36:02,180
ko baƙar layi a tsaye
a cikin bakan.
574
00:36:02,215 --> 00:36:04,749
<> Waɗannan layukan duhu
su ne inuwa
575
00:36:04,784 --> 00:36:06,384
haɗaɗɗen zarra na hydrogen
576
00:36:06,419 --> 00:36:08,353
a cikin yanayin Rana.
577
00:36:08,387 --> 00:36:11,089
Sodium atoms
inuwa daban-daban.
578
00:36:11,123 --> 00:36:14,192
<> Electron ɗin su na rawa
zuwa wata waƙa ta daban.
579
00:36:14,227 --> 00:36:16,094
Kwayoyin gishiri
ya ƙunshi
580
00:36:16,128 --> 00:36:17,929
na sodium da chlorine atom.
581
00:36:17,964 --> 00:36:20,398
Biliyan goma daga cikinsu
582
00:36:20,433 --> 00:36:22,400
<> suna yin raye-rayen hauka
583
00:36:22,435 --> 00:36:25,270
a cikin hatsi guda na gishiri.
584
00:36:25,304 --> 00:36:28,206
<> da zarra guda ɗaya
da 26 electrons
585
00:36:28,241 --> 00:36:30,575
<> kamar babba ne
babban lambar samarwa
586
00:36:30,610 --> 00:36:33,912
a cikin kiɗan Broadway.
587
00:36:36,315 --> 00:36:40,218
Idan ka kalli tauraro
tare da spectroscope,
588
00:36:40,253 --> 00:36:42,687
<> kuna ganin layukan duhu
daga dukkan abubuwa
589
00:36:42,722 --> 00:36:44,356
a cikin yanayinsa.
590
00:36:44,390 --> 00:36:46,258
Nuna mani bakan
na wani abu,
591
00:36:46,292 --> 00:36:49,060
<> ko a nan duniya
ko daga tauraro mai nisa,
592
00:36:49,095 --> 00:36:52,130
<> kuma zan gaya muku
abin da aka yi da shi.
593
00:36:52,164 --> 00:36:55,767
Layukan Fraunhofer sune
sa hannun atomic
594
00:36:55,801 --> 00:36:59,771
na abubuwan da aka rubuta manyan
fadin duniya.
595
00:36:59,805 --> 00:37:01,873
Kamar yadda yake tare da kowane
sauran manyan wahayi
596
00:37:01,908 --> 00:37:04,409
a cikin tarihin kimiyya,
ya bude hanya
597
00:37:04,443 --> 00:37:07,412
zuwa sabo da zurfafa asirai.
598
00:37:07,446 --> 00:37:10,415
Kuma zuwa ga wahayi
cewa akwai
599
00:37:10,449 --> 00:37:13,485
wasu karin sirrikan
boye cikin haske.
600
00:37:21,433 --> 00:37:24,369
Lokacin da Joseph Fraunhofer ya haɗu
wani prism tare da na'urar hangen nesa
601
00:37:24,371 --> 00:37:26,638
Kuma Muka karkatar da ita zuwa ga sammai.
602
00:37:26,640 --> 00:37:30,141
ya kawo taurari
yafi kusa da mu.
603
00:37:41,120 --> 00:37:43,855
Lokacin da ya kasance kawai 39,
604
00:37:43,857 --> 00:37:46,024
ya kamu da rashin lafiya.
605
00:37:46,026 --> 00:37:48,693
Wataƙila sakamakon nasa
farkon da kuma na dogon lokaci bayyanar
606
00:37:48,695 --> 00:37:51,629
zuwa sinadarai masu guba
na gilashin.
607
00:37:51,631 --> 00:37:55,633
<> Ba ku taɓa sanin inda ba
mai hazaka na gaba zai fito.
608
00:37:59,572 --> 00:38:04,075
Nawa muke barinsu
a cikin tarkace?
609
00:38:04,077 --> 00:38:07,345
Basarake da mulkinsa
an wadatar da su sosai
610
00:38:07,347 --> 00:38:10,715
<> ta hanyar wannan aikin alheri
ga matalauci maraya.
611
00:38:10,717 --> 00:38:13,151
Binciken Fraunhofer
canza Bavaria
612
00:38:13,153 --> 00:38:17,422
daga ruwan baya na karkara
zuwa gidan fasaha.
613
00:38:19,258 --> 00:38:21,693
<> Yana kwance yana mutuwa,
gwamnati ta yi fatali
614
00:38:21,695 --> 00:38:24,596
don adana kowane shred
na iliminsa mai daraja
615
00:38:24,598 --> 00:38:26,898
game da babban fasaha
na gilashin gani
616
00:38:29,935 --> 00:38:31,870
Amma ana iya bayyana shi kawai
ga mutum
617
00:38:31,872 --> 00:38:34,072
tare da babban izinin tsaro--
618
00:38:34,074 --> 00:38:35,840
darekta na mint.
619
00:38:52,925 --> 00:38:55,526
Gwamnati ta kiyaye
Fasahar Fraunhofer
620
00:38:55,528 --> 00:38:57,428
<> don yin cikakke
gilashin gani
621
00:38:57,430 --> 00:39:00,698
Sirrin Jiha
wasu shekaru dari.
622
00:39:00,700 --> 00:39:02,700
Wannan zai tabbatar
ya zama babban cikas
623
00:39:02,735 --> 00:39:05,203
ga wanda zamu hadu anjima
a cikin tafiyar mu.
624
00:39:05,237 --> 00:39:07,772
Amma Fraunhofer zai yarda
babu irin wannan sirrin
625
00:39:07,806 --> 00:39:10,375
inda ya tsantsar kimiyya
bincike ya damu.
626
00:39:10,409 --> 00:39:14,012
Ya san cewa kimiyya tana bukata
budewa don bunƙasa;
627
00:39:14,046 --> 00:39:18,082
cewa fahimtar dabi'a
na duniya ne.
628
00:39:18,117 --> 00:39:21,019
Da zaran Fraunhofer ya gano
spectral Lines,
629
00:39:21,053 --> 00:39:23,588
ya buga komai
ya san game da su.
630
00:39:23,622 --> 00:39:26,424
Da kuma reverberations
na gagarumin bincikensa
631
00:39:26,458 --> 00:39:29,227
amsawa har yanzu.
632
00:39:32,398 --> 00:39:36,367
Layukan sa na gani sun bayyana
cewa sararin sararin samaniya
633
00:39:36,402 --> 00:39:39,671
<> an yi duka
na abubuwa iri ɗaya.
634
00:39:42,708 --> 00:39:45,176
Duniya...
635
00:39:53,318 --> 00:39:55,787
Taurari...
636
00:40:00,159 --> 00:40:02,293
Galaxies...
637
00:40:06,532 --> 00:40:09,534
Mu, kanmu,
da dukan rayuwa...
638
00:40:16,208 --> 00:40:19,744
Kayan taurari iri ɗaya.
639
00:40:25,184 --> 00:40:26,851
<> Ya sa ya yiwu
domin mu sani
640
00:40:26,885 --> 00:40:29,353
<> abin da ke cikin yanayi
na sauran duniya.
641
00:40:31,824 --> 00:40:35,460
Kuma a cikin taurari miliyoyin
na shekarun haske.
642
00:40:35,494 --> 00:40:37,495
An bayyana layukan ban mamaki
ba kawai abun da ke ciki ba
643
00:40:37,529 --> 00:40:39,997
abubuwa masu nisa,
amma kuma motsin su
644
00:40:40,032 --> 00:40:42,200
zuwa ko nesa da mu.
645
00:40:42,234 --> 00:40:45,303
Amfani da su, mun gano
cewa duniyarmu tana faɗaɗawa.
646
00:40:45,337 --> 00:40:48,906
Amma watakila mafi girma
wahayi na spectroscopy
647
00:40:48,941 --> 00:40:51,742
shine ganowa
na abin da ba ya iya gani.
648
00:40:57,750 --> 00:40:59,917
Boyayyen sararin samaniya
na duhun al'amari
649
00:40:59,952 --> 00:41:03,187
sau shida mafi girma
fiye da saba cosmos.
650
00:41:03,222 --> 00:41:05,389
An yi shi
na wani abu mai ban mamaki
651
00:41:05,424 --> 00:41:09,994
<> abin da ba ya fitarwa, yi tunani
ko sha kowane irin haske.
652
00:41:10,028 --> 00:41:12,497
<> Mun dai san yana can
saboda girmansa,
653
00:41:12,531 --> 00:41:14,599
wanda ke jan duk taurarin taurari
654
00:41:14,633 --> 00:41:17,368
da sauri
taurarin da ake iya gani a cikin su.
655
00:41:21,373 --> 00:41:24,842
Akwai ƙarin nau'ikan
haske fiye da yadda idanunmu ke gani.
656
00:41:24,877 --> 00:41:28,279
Takaita fahimtar mu
na yanayi zuwa bayyane haske
657
00:41:28,313 --> 00:41:30,615
kamar sauraron kiɗa ne
658
00:41:30,649 --> 00:41:32,216
a cikin octave ɗaya kawai.
659
00:41:34,787 --> 00:41:36,788
Akwai da yawa da yawa.
660
00:41:36,822 --> 00:41:38,756
Sun bambanta kawai a tsawon zangon,
661
00:41:38,791 --> 00:41:40,892
amma a kan babban kewayon.
662
00:41:40,926 --> 00:41:43,494
Misali, hasken infrared ...
663
00:41:48,834 --> 00:41:51,969
<> irin wannan
William Herschel ya gano
664
00:41:52,004 --> 00:41:53,771
Ko hasken X-ray.
665
00:41:58,844 --> 00:42:00,912
Ko hasken rediyo.
666
00:42:05,651 --> 00:42:07,485
Ko a cikin hasken gamma-ray.
667
00:42:13,292 --> 00:42:16,561
<> Waɗannan ba su bambanta ba
hanyoyin ganin abu daya.
668
00:42:16,595 --> 00:42:18,162
Waɗannan nau'ikan haske
669
00:42:18,197 --> 00:42:21,799
bayyana abubuwa daban-daban
da abubuwan mamaki a cikin sararin samaniya.
670
00:42:21,834 --> 00:42:25,002
A cikin hasken gamma-ray, alal misali,
muna iya ganin fashe-fashe masu ban mamaki
671
00:42:25,037 --> 00:42:26,771
a cikin taurari masu nisa
672
00:42:26,805 --> 00:42:29,106
cewa ba za mu rasa ba.
673
00:42:32,044 --> 00:42:34,912
Kuma a cikin hasken microwave,
za mu iya gani har zuwa baya
674
00:42:34,947 --> 00:42:37,348
zuwa haihuwar duniya.
675
00:42:39,885 --> 00:42:43,187
Muna da kawai
bude ido kawai.
676
00:42:44,305 --> 00:42:50,672
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