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1
00:00:01,000 --> 00:00:02,500
(dog barking) (Man)
Yes!
2
00:00:02,400 --> 00:00:03,600
Ha, ha!
I swear to Bon Jovi,
3
00:00:03,600 --> 00:00:05,300
if these sad sacks
end up winning,
4
00:00:05,300 --> 00:00:06,700
I'm gonna
divorce you, Ray.
5
00:00:06,700 --> 00:00:09,000
We'll call Lev and have him
draw up the paperwork,
6
00:00:09,000 --> 00:00:11,900
'cause the Giants are 20 yards
away from the Super Bowl, baby!
7
00:00:11,900 --> 00:00:13,700
They ain't
gonna make it.
8
00:00:13,700 --> 00:00:16,200
Just like you wouldn't make it
one day without me.
9
00:00:16,100 --> 00:00:18,200
Yeah, you got me there.
10
00:00:18,200 --> 00:00:20,400
(TV announcer)
Giants are set up on the...
11
00:00:20,400 --> 00:00:23,000
Ahh, come on, guys.
This game better hurry up.
12
00:00:23,000 --> 00:00:25,200
We're gonna be late
to coach Tiny Tots.
13
00:00:25,200 --> 00:00:26,400
Yeah, well,
don't worry,
14
00:00:26,400 --> 00:00:28,900
my boys'll make
quick work of you.
15
00:00:30,600 --> 00:00:31,900
Huh, that's funny.
(gasping)
16
00:00:31,900 --> 00:00:33,400
Why are they your boys?
17
00:00:33,400 --> 00:00:35,300
Dude, please don't do
your show right now.
18
00:00:35,300 --> 00:00:36,600
So, you know this hairdo?
19
00:00:36,600 --> 00:00:39,300
Well, please inform him
that the Rams are my boys
20
00:00:39,300 --> 00:00:41,400
because they're
from my hometown.
21
00:00:41,400 --> 00:00:42,900
But none of the players
are from there.
22
00:00:42,900 --> 00:00:44,200
They change every year,
23
00:00:44,100 --> 00:00:46,500
and your team
just switched cities.
24
00:00:46,500 --> 00:00:47,800
(chuckling)
You know, this reminds me
25
00:00:47,800 --> 00:00:49,100
of a famous
thought experiment.
26
00:00:49,100 --> 00:00:50,800
Shut up!
The game is on.
27
00:00:50,800 --> 00:00:52,100
I'll pause it.
28
00:00:54,900 --> 00:00:56,700
Say this sandwich
is your team.
29
00:00:56,700 --> 00:00:58,300
(small gasp)
Over time,
30
00:00:58,200 --> 00:00:59,500
every part of it changes.
31
00:00:59,500 --> 00:01:01,300
The turkey gets
traded to Denver,
32
00:01:01,300 --> 00:01:03,200
the tomato gets suspended
for dog fighting,
33
00:01:03,300 --> 00:01:05,400
and the bread can't
close a stadium deal.
34
00:01:05,400 --> 00:01:08,300
So, a philosopher would ask,
"Is it even the same sandwich?"
35
00:01:08,300 --> 00:01:09,700
Hah.
(coughs)
36
00:01:09,700 --> 00:01:11,200
(TV announcer)
...On the L.A. 23 yard line...
37
00:01:11,200 --> 00:01:12,500
Tastes the same to me,
Plato.
38
00:01:12,400 --> 00:01:14,500
My heart stopped.
39
00:01:14,500 --> 00:01:16,600
That's what's so weird
about being a sports fan.
40
00:01:16,600 --> 00:01:19,200
Everything but the name
changes year to year,
41
00:01:19,200 --> 00:01:21,300
but we still love
our team just as much.
42
00:01:21,300 --> 00:01:23,200
It's like we're really just
a fan of the logo.
43
00:01:23,200 --> 00:01:26,600
Great, 'cause my logo is
about to win the playoffs.
44
00:01:26,500 --> 00:01:28,000
'Cause they're the best!
45
00:01:28,000 --> 00:01:30,000
Oh, the playoffs don't
pick which team is best.
46
00:01:30,000 --> 00:01:32,600
In fact, the playoffs are
a random and chaotic system
47
00:01:32,600 --> 00:01:34,200
that's little better
than a coin flip.
48
00:01:34,200 --> 00:01:36,100
Buckle in, here we go.
49
00:01:36,100 --> 00:01:37,300
Hi, I'm Adam Conover,
50
00:01:37,300 --> 00:01:39,600
and this is
"Adam Ruins Everything."
51
00:01:39,700 --> 00:01:43,400
�
(whistling)
52
00:01:50,100 --> 00:01:52,000
Adam, please don't
ruin football.
53
00:01:52,000 --> 00:01:54,600
My folks take it
really seriously.
54
00:01:54,500 --> 00:01:57,000
This human Prius?
Ruin football?
55
00:01:57,000 --> 00:01:58,400
Yeah, right.
56
00:01:58,400 --> 00:02:01,500
Football is the bond that
holds this family together.
57
00:02:01,500 --> 00:02:03,600
My family's
the exact same way.
58
00:02:03,600 --> 00:02:06,400
Except about books
and with zero affection.
59
00:02:06,400 --> 00:02:08,500
But look, I'm a huge
football fan, too.
60
00:02:08,400 --> 00:02:10,300
I mean, I'm wearing
my favorite team's colors:
61
00:02:10,400 --> 00:02:11,900
The New York Yankees.
62
00:02:11,900 --> 00:02:13,500
That's a baseball team.
63
00:02:13,500 --> 00:02:15,300
Yes, but there was
also a football team called
64
00:02:15,300 --> 00:02:18,600
the New York Yankees that
played from 1926 through 1929.
65
00:02:18,600 --> 00:02:21,500
Why do you have
to be so specific?
66
00:02:21,500 --> 00:02:24,000
Great, now get
your amber waves of grain
67
00:02:23,900 --> 00:02:26,000
out of the way because
we're about to find out
68
00:02:26,000 --> 00:02:28,500
which of these teams
is better at football.
69
00:02:28,500 --> 00:02:30,200
Gladly.Ahh!
70
00:02:30,200 --> 00:02:31,300
But as I was saying,
71
00:02:31,300 --> 00:02:32,800
the playoffs don't do
any such thing.
72
00:02:32,800 --> 00:02:34,900
In fact, they more or less
pick the winner at random.
73
00:02:34,900 --> 00:02:36,300
Okay, he's teleporting,
74
00:02:36,200 --> 00:02:37,800
I'm gonna go make
a sandwich for half an hour,
75
00:02:37,800 --> 00:02:39,200
Godspeed, family!
76
00:02:39,200 --> 00:02:40,600
Historically, the teamwith the best record
77
00:02:40,600 --> 00:02:43,200
wins the Super Bowlless than half the time.
78
00:02:43,200 --> 00:02:45,800
It's actually more common
for a worse team to win.
79
00:02:45,800 --> 00:02:48,900
(chuckles)
Shut your mouth!
80
00:02:48,900 --> 00:02:51,100
My Giants were
the champs in 2011,
81
00:02:51,000 --> 00:02:52,200
they were number one!
82
00:02:52,200 --> 00:02:54,800
Uh, no,they were number ten.
83
00:02:54,800 --> 00:02:58,400
The Giants regular season record
that year was nine and seven,
84
00:02:58,400 --> 00:03:01,400
the worst record of any team
to ever win a Super Bowl.
85
00:03:01,400 --> 00:03:03,500
But in the playoffs,
they beat the Packers,
86
00:03:03,500 --> 00:03:06,200
who only lost
a single game all year.
87
00:03:06,100 --> 00:03:07,300
I hate to tell you this,
88
00:03:07,300 --> 00:03:08,700
but the Giants
weren't the better team.
89
00:03:08,700 --> 00:03:10,600
They were definitely
the worst team,
90
00:03:10,600 --> 00:03:12,800
and they just got lucky.
Luck you!
91
00:03:17,100 --> 00:03:18,800
Aah!
92
00:03:18,700 --> 00:03:20,100
(Adam)
Any team can win one game.
93
00:03:20,100 --> 00:03:21,200
The problem
with the playoffs
94
00:03:21,200 --> 00:03:23,800
is they have way too small
of a sample size.
95
00:03:23,800 --> 00:03:26,800
Sample size?
What, like Halloween candy?
96
00:03:26,800 --> 00:03:28,700
No. Look, you're
from Jersey, right?
97
00:03:28,700 --> 00:03:30,400
Let me put it
in Jersey terms.
98
00:03:30,400 --> 00:03:32,300
Let's compare
Bruce Springsteen...
99
00:03:32,300 --> 00:03:34,600
� Baby we were born to run
100
00:03:34,500 --> 00:03:37,400
...the statistical
analysis of the playoffs.
101
00:03:37,400 --> 00:03:39,600
Oh, my God,
Bruce Springsteen!
102
00:03:39,600 --> 00:03:41,300
(chuckling)
And Billy Joel.
103
00:03:43,300 --> 00:03:47,100
I've been waiting in here
for the longest time.
104
00:03:47,000 --> 00:03:49,800
Oh, my God,
Bruce Springsteen!
105
00:03:49,800 --> 00:03:53,900
Over his career,
Billy Joel has won six Grammys.
106
00:03:53,900 --> 00:03:55,800
Bruce here has won 20.
107
00:03:55,800 --> 00:03:57,400
Yeah!
108
00:03:57,400 --> 00:03:59,800
But on February 25, 1981,
109
00:03:59,800 --> 00:04:03,000
Billy beat Bruce for
Best Rock Vocal Performance.
110
00:04:02,900 --> 00:04:04,800
If you decide
the whole contest
111
00:04:04,800 --> 00:04:06,500
based on one day
in February,
112
00:04:06,500 --> 00:04:08,300
Billy wins.
113
00:04:08,300 --> 00:04:09,700
Bruce was robbed.
114
00:04:09,700 --> 00:04:11,500
His heart was
hungrier than mine.
115
00:04:11,500 --> 00:04:14,200
It's exactly the same
with the playoffs.
116
00:04:14,200 --> 00:04:15,700
Just 'cause
you win on one day,
117
00:04:15,600 --> 00:04:17,300
it doesn't make you
the better team.
118
00:04:17,300 --> 00:04:18,400
It's luck.
119
00:04:18,400 --> 00:04:21,100
Okay, Mr. Spreadsheet, fine.
120
00:04:21,100 --> 00:04:23,300
Maybe football does have
a small sample size.
121
00:04:23,300 --> 00:04:25,200
But what about
the World Series?
122
00:04:25,200 --> 00:04:26,300
Best of seven.
123
00:04:26,300 --> 00:04:28,000
Oh, baseball's
even worse.
124
00:04:28,000 --> 00:04:30,100
It's actually
the most random major sport.
125
00:04:30,000 --> 00:04:32,100
(crack of bat)
Since 1995,
126
00:04:32,100 --> 00:04:34,100
the team with
the best regular season record
127
00:04:34,100 --> 00:04:35,500
has won the World Series
128
00:04:35,500 --> 00:04:38,000
just 16% of the time.
129
00:04:38,000 --> 00:04:39,300
Ugh.
130
00:04:39,300 --> 00:04:40,700
I don't believe you.
131
00:04:40,700 --> 00:04:42,800
You're not a sports nerd,
you're just a regular nerd.
132
00:04:42,800 --> 00:04:45,200
Well, maybe you'll believe
the ultimate sports nerd,
133
00:04:45,100 --> 00:04:48,200
legendary Oakland A's
General Manager Billy Beane,
134
00:04:48,200 --> 00:04:49,200
who once said, quote...
135
00:04:55,000 --> 00:04:57,900
Long story short, you might
as well skip the Super Bowl
136
00:04:57,800 --> 00:05:00,900
and award the championship
to whoever wins the coin flip.
137
00:05:02,200 --> 00:05:05,700
Ladies and gentlemen,
the NFL champion is: Heads!
138
00:05:05,700 --> 00:05:07,800
(both loud grunting)
139
00:05:07,800 --> 00:05:09,300
But I love the playoffs.
140
00:05:09,300 --> 00:05:10,900
I get to yell at Joe Buck.
141
00:05:10,900 --> 00:05:13,700
You'd be surprised at
what his name rhymes with.
142
00:05:13,600 --> 00:05:16,600
And I like a little
randomness in my sports.
143
00:05:16,600 --> 00:05:20,700
The playoffs give Patty's crappy
underdog team a chance to win.
144
00:05:20,700 --> 00:05:23,800
Exactly, that's why
the playoffs are fun.
145
00:05:23,800 --> 00:05:26,600
Because that's when
the objectively worse underdogs
146
00:05:26,500 --> 00:05:28,900
can beat their
athletic superiors.
147
00:05:28,900 --> 00:05:32,000
Face it, we don't like sports
because they're rational.
148
00:05:32,000 --> 00:05:33,500
We like them
because they're random
149
00:05:33,500 --> 00:05:35,600
and make no sense--
let's watch.
150
00:05:35,600 --> 00:05:36,600
Ahh.
151
00:05:36,600 --> 00:05:38,400
No! Dad-gummit.
152
00:05:38,400 --> 00:05:39,900
This Twitter egg's
been yapping so much,
153
00:05:39,800 --> 00:05:41,900
we're gonna be late
for Tiny Tots practice.
154
00:05:41,900 --> 00:05:43,100
Last time we were late,
155
00:05:43,100 --> 00:05:44,700
the kids started
playing Minecraft.
156
00:05:44,700 --> 00:05:47,000
We'll DVR it
and watch it later.
157
00:05:47,000 --> 00:05:48,500
Nobody say what happens.
158
00:05:48,500 --> 00:05:51,300
Ray, get the sports drinks,
the kids gotta stay hydrated.
159
00:05:51,300 --> 00:05:52,700
Oh, no, they don't, heh.
160
00:05:52,700 --> 00:05:55,100
Dehydration is largely
an overblown marketing myth.
161
00:05:55,000 --> 00:05:56,800
(announcer)
"Adam Ruins Everything"is sponsored by
162
00:05:56,800 --> 00:05:58,400
Hulko Sports Drink!
163
00:05:58,400 --> 00:06:00,100
Stick around and find outwhy everything you know
164
00:06:00,100 --> 00:06:02,000
about hydration is wrong.
165
00:06:07,400 --> 00:06:11,600
�
166
00:06:11,500 --> 00:06:12,800
(whistle blows)
167
00:06:12,800 --> 00:06:15,300
All right, kiddos,
let's run some drills.
168
00:06:15,300 --> 00:06:17,200
Ah, football practice,
169
00:06:17,200 --> 00:06:19,400
it's my favorite part
of the week.
170
00:06:20,400 --> 00:06:21,700
Most of the time.
171
00:06:21,700 --> 00:06:23,400
Whoo! All right!
172
00:06:23,300 --> 00:06:26,000
Go... uh, Blue Skins?
173
00:06:26,000 --> 00:06:27,700
The league made us
change the name.
174
00:06:27,700 --> 00:06:30,300
Used to be super racist.
175
00:06:30,400 --> 00:06:33,300
Not the color
you're thinking of.
(whistle blows)
176
00:06:33,300 --> 00:06:35,500
Oh, my God, we've been
out here for 15 minutes!
177
00:06:35,500 --> 00:06:37,800
We need to be hydrating!
Everybody drink up.
178
00:06:37,700 --> 00:06:41,000
Actually, the risk of
dehydration is way overblown.
179
00:06:41,000 --> 00:06:42,100
(chuckling)
Buh-buh-buh!
180
00:06:42,100 --> 00:06:43,900
You're gonna tell me
hydrating is bad?
181
00:06:43,900 --> 00:06:45,600
Yeah, right, take a lap.
182
00:06:45,600 --> 00:06:47,400
Oh, I'd never make it
all the way around.
183
00:06:47,400 --> 00:06:49,500
In America,
we've become obsessed
184
00:06:49,500 --> 00:06:51,400
with the dangers
of dehydration.
185
00:06:51,300 --> 00:06:53,700
People think that if they're
not constantly drinking water,
186
00:06:53,700 --> 00:06:55,100
they risk death.
187
00:06:55,100 --> 00:06:57,500
You're dehydrated.
188
00:06:57,500 --> 00:06:59,100
And you're dehydrated.
189
00:06:59,100 --> 00:07:01,800
And, oh, my God,
you're practically a mummy.
190
00:07:01,800 --> 00:07:04,200
But that fear
is totally baseless.
191
00:07:04,200 --> 00:07:05,900
Yeah, right, bub.
192
00:07:05,800 --> 00:07:08,200
Everyone knows you have to drink
eight glasses of water a day.
193
00:07:08,300 --> 00:07:11,100
Yeah, everybody knows that,
but it's not true.
194
00:07:11,100 --> 00:07:13,700
No study has ever shown
or even claimed that.
195
00:07:13,700 --> 00:07:15,300
It's just
something people say.
196
00:07:15,300 --> 00:07:17,800
Really?
197
00:07:17,800 --> 00:07:19,600
Now you tell me.
198
00:07:19,500 --> 00:07:21,900
(sarcastic chuckle)
Water prevents cramps.
199
00:07:21,900 --> 00:07:23,300
Oh, where'd
you hear that?
200
00:07:23,300 --> 00:07:24,700
From my coach.
201
00:07:24,700 --> 00:07:26,100
And I heard it
from my coach,
202
00:07:26,100 --> 00:07:28,600
and he heard it from
his coach, and so on.
203
00:07:28,600 --> 00:07:30,300
Well, you didn't
hear it from science,
204
00:07:30,300 --> 00:07:32,200
'cause science says
that ain't true.
205
00:07:32,200 --> 00:07:34,400
Well, how much water
am I supposed to drink?
206
00:07:34,300 --> 00:07:36,400
Well, you can just drink
when you're thirsty.
207
00:07:36,400 --> 00:07:38,500
That's crazy,
you're a crazy person.
208
00:07:38,500 --> 00:07:39,700
Who are you?
209
00:07:39,700 --> 00:07:42,100
Oh, Patty, this is
Tamara Hew-Butler.
210
00:07:42,100 --> 00:07:45,000
She's a professor of exercise
science at Oakland University.
211
00:07:45,000 --> 00:07:46,800
Our bodies already possess
212
00:07:46,700 --> 00:07:49,000
an extremely sensitive
measure of dehydration.
213
00:07:49,000 --> 00:07:50,100
It's called thirst.
214
00:07:50,100 --> 00:07:52,600
As long as we drink
when we feel thirsty,
215
00:07:52,600 --> 00:07:53,900
we really
won't dehydrate.
216
00:07:53,900 --> 00:07:56,600
That's how humans have done it
for millions of years,
217
00:07:56,600 --> 00:07:57,800
and it's worked out fine.
218
00:07:57,800 --> 00:08:00,200
The fact is, truly dangerous
levels of dehydration
219
00:08:00,200 --> 00:08:02,700
are incredibly rare
and only occur in cases
220
00:08:02,600 --> 00:08:04,900
of extreme sickness
or isolation.
221
00:08:05,000 --> 00:08:06,700
As long as you have
free access to water
222
00:08:06,700 --> 00:08:08,500
and you drink
when you're thirsty,
223
00:08:08,500 --> 00:08:10,100
you'll be fine.
224
00:08:10,100 --> 00:08:12,700
Then why do I do this
to myself?
225
00:08:12,700 --> 00:08:15,600
Hmm, maybe because beverage
companies have spend decades
226
00:08:15,500 --> 00:08:17,500
drowning us
in ads like these.
227
00:08:17,500 --> 00:08:19,400
(announcer)
Hardworking hydration,keep at it.
228
00:08:19,400 --> 00:08:20,900
Hydrate the hustle.
229
00:08:20,900 --> 00:08:22,200
G2 from Gatorade,
230
00:08:22,200 --> 00:08:24,700
the low-calorie,
off-field hydrator.
231
00:08:24,700 --> 00:08:28,000
Lucozade Sport hydrates
and fuels you better than water.
232
00:08:28,000 --> 00:08:30,500
'Cause the more water you drink,
the better you feel.
233
00:08:30,400 --> 00:08:31,700
Drink more water!
234
00:08:31,700 --> 00:08:34,000
These companies have
consistently portrayed
235
00:08:34,000 --> 00:08:36,100
dehydration
as a serious threat
236
00:08:36,100 --> 00:08:39,900
for one, simple reason--
it gets us to drink more.
237
00:08:39,900 --> 00:08:42,300
The International
Bottled Water Association
238
00:08:42,300 --> 00:08:44,400
publishes
a hydration calculator
239
00:08:44,300 --> 00:08:47,100
that can recommend you drink
two liters of water a day.
240
00:08:47,100 --> 00:08:49,200
Dasani tells you
that hydration is healthy,
241
00:08:49,200 --> 00:08:50,900
so drink up,
preferably Dasani.
242
00:08:50,900 --> 00:08:52,400
Paid spokesman
Dustin Pedroia
243
00:08:52,400 --> 00:08:54,600
says he always hydrates
with Vita Coco
244
00:08:54,600 --> 00:08:57,100
because it prevents cramps,
even though it doesn't.
245
00:08:57,100 --> 00:08:58,600
And in "Runner's World"
magazine,
246
00:08:58,500 --> 00:09:01,000
Gatorade ran an ad
masquerading as an article
247
00:09:01,000 --> 00:09:03,000
titled "Hydration 101."
248
00:09:03,000 --> 00:09:05,400
It included tips like
"drink early and often,"
249
00:09:05,400 --> 00:09:07,400
"don't wait
until you feel thirsty"
250
00:09:07,400 --> 00:09:09,800
and "always drinks
sports drinks."
251
00:09:09,800 --> 00:09:11,600
But that's all
real science, right?
252
00:09:11,500 --> 00:09:13,100
Ah, here's where
it gets sticky.
253
00:09:13,100 --> 00:09:14,800
That ad was
sponsored by
254
00:09:14,800 --> 00:09:16,900
the Gatorade Sports
Science Institute,
255
00:09:16,900 --> 00:09:20,200
which was founded
by Gatorade in 1985.
256
00:09:20,200 --> 00:09:21,900
Its scientific mission?
257
00:09:21,900 --> 00:09:23,900
To discover
exciting new reasons
258
00:09:23,900 --> 00:09:25,600
people should drink
their product.
259
00:09:25,500 --> 00:09:27,000
Our unbiased study found
260
00:09:27,000 --> 00:09:29,000
that people should
drink a lot of Gatorade.
261
00:09:29,000 --> 00:09:31,200
Terrific work,
alert the media!
262
00:09:31,200 --> 00:09:32,900
We also may have found
a cure for cancer.
263
00:09:32,900 --> 00:09:34,600
Was it Gatorade?
264
00:09:34,600 --> 00:09:36,300
Damn it!
265
00:09:36,300 --> 00:09:38,100
Get back to me
when it's Gatorade!
266
00:09:38,100 --> 00:09:41,100
Gatorade also sponsors
sports science research
267
00:09:41,000 --> 00:09:43,100
at universities
across America,
268
00:09:43,200 --> 00:09:45,000
and this can influence
their findings.
269
00:09:45,000 --> 00:09:46,600
� Money, money...
270
00:09:46,600 --> 00:09:49,800
The American College of Sports
Medicine once recommended...
271
00:09:49,800 --> 00:09:52,900
When exercising, you should
drink as much as tolerable.
272
00:09:53,000 --> 00:09:55,300
� Money, money...
273
00:09:55,200 --> 00:09:56,300
� It's all about the money
274
00:09:56,300 --> 00:09:57,900
Other companies
soon followed suit.
275
00:09:57,900 --> 00:10:01,100
Evian's parent company
founded Hydration for Health,
276
00:10:01,100 --> 00:10:02,100
a group that...
277
00:10:05,800 --> 00:10:07,600
Important research,
everybody!
278
00:10:07,600 --> 00:10:08,800
Drink Evian!
279
00:10:08,700 --> 00:10:11,000
Science says so.
280
00:10:11,000 --> 00:10:13,300
Oh, I gotta tell
the Tots about this.
281
00:10:13,300 --> 00:10:16,000
(Adam)
And, after decades
of bad science and marketing,
282
00:10:16,000 --> 00:10:19,000
we now believe dehydration
is a dire threat.
283
00:10:19,000 --> 00:10:21,500
Gotta drink,
drink or I'll die!
284
00:10:21,500 --> 00:10:23,600
Well, it's not
like drinking
285
00:10:23,500 --> 00:10:25,400
too much liquid's
gonna kill anybody.
286
00:10:25,400 --> 00:10:28,100
Actually, that's
exactly what it can do.
287
00:10:28,100 --> 00:10:31,600
All of this scare mongering
over dehydration has created
288
00:10:31,600 --> 00:10:35,100
an entirely different problem:
overhydration.
289
00:10:37,400 --> 00:10:39,500
Phooey, you drink hard,
you pee hard.
290
00:10:39,500 --> 00:10:41,300
Not if you're exercising.
291
00:10:41,300 --> 00:10:43,100
Exercise stops you
from peeing
292
00:10:43,100 --> 00:10:46,400
by putting your body
in water conservation mode.
293
00:10:46,400 --> 00:10:48,000
And if you overhydrate then,
294
00:10:48,000 --> 00:10:50,400
all that extra fluid
has nowhere to go.
295
00:10:51,400 --> 00:10:52,700
Holy crow!
296
00:10:52,700 --> 00:10:55,600
It's called exercise
associated hyponatremia,
297
00:10:55,600 --> 00:10:57,400
and it can be deadly.
298
00:10:57,400 --> 00:11:00,300
In a study of
the 2002 Boston Marathon,
299
00:11:00,300 --> 00:11:02,700
nearly one-sixth
of the runners studied
300
00:11:02,700 --> 00:11:04,700
were found to have
hyponatremia.
301
00:11:04,600 --> 00:11:07,000
These runners drank so much
liquid during the race,
302
00:11:07,000 --> 00:11:10,300
that by the finish line,
they had actually gained weight.
303
00:11:10,300 --> 00:11:12,700
And she wins
by a belly!
304
00:11:12,700 --> 00:11:14,800
Okay, now, that's a joke,
305
00:11:14,800 --> 00:11:17,400
but this is a serious
problem in sports.
306
00:11:17,400 --> 00:11:21,600
At least 12 athletes have
died from overhydration.
307
00:11:21,600 --> 00:11:23,800
No, that's terrible.
308
00:11:23,800 --> 00:11:26,500
It's true.
Overhydration is dangerous.
309
00:11:26,500 --> 00:11:28,700
Most researchers,
including myself,
310
00:11:28,700 --> 00:11:31,600
think that it's the marketing
of the beverage industry
311
00:11:31,600 --> 00:11:33,700
that's responsibility
for this surge
312
00:11:33,600 --> 00:11:35,800
in fluid overload
hyponatremia.
313
00:11:35,800 --> 00:11:38,500
So, I've been putting
the kids in danger?
314
00:11:38,500 --> 00:11:40,000
No, Patty,
315
00:11:40,000 --> 00:11:42,800
death by hyponatremia
is extremely rare.
316
00:11:42,800 --> 00:11:44,900
Just give the kids
free access to water.
317
00:11:44,900 --> 00:11:46,500
Let 'em drink
when they're thirsty,
318
00:11:46,500 --> 00:11:49,500
and don't treat
these ads as science.
319
00:11:49,400 --> 00:11:52,800
I don't deserve
to wear this uniform.
(sobbing)
320
00:11:52,800 --> 00:11:55,200
Hey!
You made my Patty cry.
321
00:11:55,200 --> 00:11:58,200
Kids, let's practice
some tackling drills.
322
00:11:58,200 --> 00:12:00,000
I've got just the dummy.
323
00:12:00,000 --> 00:12:01,600
See ya, Adam.
324
00:12:01,500 --> 00:12:03,200
Maybe now's a good time
to talk about the whole
325
00:12:03,200 --> 00:12:04,800
concussion issue.
326
00:12:04,800 --> 00:12:07,100
I knew he was gonna
talk about concussions.
327
00:12:07,100 --> 00:12:10,100
Go, Blue Skins,
murderize that human tofu ball!
328
00:12:10,100 --> 00:12:11,700
(Adam)
Ah! No, wait!
329
00:12:11,700 --> 00:12:14,000
The truth about concussions
is really interesting!
330
00:12:19,500 --> 00:12:20,800
(birds chirping)
(Adam)
Aah!
331
00:12:20,800 --> 00:12:22,300
(kids screaming)
332
00:12:22,300 --> 00:12:24,100
Aah! No, no, no!
333
00:12:24,100 --> 00:12:27,000
No, kids, no, my skull hasn't
completely fused yet!
334
00:12:27,000 --> 00:12:28,400
Aah! Uhh!
335
00:12:28,400 --> 00:12:29,800
Oh, oh...
336
00:12:29,700 --> 00:12:31,400
I forgot,
kids can't hurt me.
337
00:12:31,400 --> 00:12:33,500
I always forget
I'm an adult.
338
00:12:33,500 --> 00:12:35,800
But not everyone
is so lucky.
339
00:12:35,800 --> 00:12:38,100
Because the truth is,
brain injuries in the NFL--
340
00:12:38,100 --> 00:12:39,800
Hey, before you
get started, okay,
341
00:12:39,900 --> 00:12:42,200
we know plenty
about concussions.
342
00:12:42,200 --> 00:12:44,000
They talk about it
on "Sports Center."
343
00:12:43,900 --> 00:12:46,600
They made that Will Smith movie
I slept through,
344
00:12:46,600 --> 00:12:49,100
and they've instituted
all these new rules.
345
00:12:49,100 --> 00:12:52,800
The NFL is on it,
problem solved!
346
00:12:52,800 --> 00:12:55,400
Problem not solved,
because the truth is
347
00:12:55,500 --> 00:12:57,300
everything you know
about football
348
00:12:57,300 --> 00:12:59,400
and brain injuries
is wrong-- ugh!
349
00:12:59,300 --> 00:13:02,100
(sports commentator)
Ooh, that's gotta hurt!
That could be a concussion.
350
00:13:02,100 --> 00:13:03,900
(commentator two)
Let's watch it again
from Sky Cam.
351
00:13:03,900 --> 00:13:05,200
(Adam)
Ahh!
352
00:13:05,200 --> 00:13:07,100
(commentator two)
And he's being taken
out of the game
353
00:13:06,500 --> 00:13:08,000
thanks to that
new rule.
354
00:13:08,000 --> 00:13:10,000
Good job, NFL,
you solved the problem,
355
00:13:10,000 --> 00:13:11,900
nothin' more
to see here.
356
00:13:11,800 --> 00:13:14,800
And no more fussin'
'bout concussin'.
357
00:13:14,800 --> 00:13:17,000
Actually,
let's keep fussin'.
358
00:13:17,000 --> 00:13:19,300
'Cause there's still
a ton of concussin'.
359
00:13:19,300 --> 00:13:22,000
�
360
00:13:22,000 --> 00:13:25,000
Hey, see, Pats,
look, we're on TV.
361
00:13:25,000 --> 00:13:26,800
Hey, Murph!
362
00:13:26,700 --> 00:13:29,000
Oh, where is that
Stephen A. Smith?
363
00:13:29,000 --> 00:13:31,500
I've always wanted
to kick his ass.
364
00:13:31,500 --> 00:13:33,700
The NFL claims to take
concussions seriously.
365
00:13:33,700 --> 00:13:36,700
But the rate of diagnosed
concussions keeps rising,
366
00:13:36,700 --> 00:13:39,000
and those are just
the ones we know about.
367
00:13:39,000 --> 00:13:41,100
The truth is,
our national conversation
368
00:13:41,000 --> 00:13:42,700
about brain injuries
in football
369
00:13:42,700 --> 00:13:44,300
misses the point entirely,
370
00:13:44,300 --> 00:13:47,900
because concussions are
just the tip of the iceberg.
371
00:13:47,900 --> 00:13:49,200
Huh, what's happening?
372
00:13:49,200 --> 00:13:51,000
Oh, I changed the prompter,
just go with it.
373
00:13:51,000 --> 00:13:53,400
The brain disorder found
in football players is called
374
00:13:53,400 --> 00:13:56,200
Chronic Traumatic
Encephalopathy or CTE,
375
00:13:56,100 --> 00:13:57,700
and here's the hard truth.
376
00:13:57,700 --> 00:14:00,900
It's not just caused
by concussion-- wait, really?
377
00:14:00,900 --> 00:14:02,100
Yes, really.
378
00:14:02,100 --> 00:14:04,700
It's also caused
by the tiny run-of-the-mill hits
379
00:14:04,700 --> 00:14:06,900
that happen dozens
of times a game.
380
00:14:06,900 --> 00:14:09,200
Plays like this one.
381
00:14:09,100 --> 00:14:11,400
Ooh, that was unremarkable.
382
00:14:11,400 --> 00:14:13,300
This one...
383
00:14:13,300 --> 00:14:15,700
Booyah!
Those are common.
384
00:14:15,700 --> 00:14:17,900
Or even this one...
385
00:14:17,900 --> 00:14:22,100
Howzah! I'm snorin'
because that was boring.
386
00:14:22,000 --> 00:14:25,600
Exactly, these are totally
routine tackles and plays
387
00:14:25,600 --> 00:14:27,700
that happen
over and over again
388
00:14:27,700 --> 00:14:30,500
in every game,
especially to linemen.
389
00:14:30,500 --> 00:14:33,900
But research now shows that
even little hits like these
390
00:14:34,000 --> 00:14:37,300
cause CTE, which can lead
to lifelong memory loss,
391
00:14:37,200 --> 00:14:38,400
depression, aggression,
392
00:14:38,400 --> 00:14:41,700
dementia, anxiety,
and even suicide.
393
00:14:41,700 --> 00:14:43,100
Hold up, hot shot.
394
00:14:43,100 --> 00:14:46,600
How do tiny little baby hits
like that cause dementia?
395
00:14:46,600 --> 00:14:48,800
Good question-- let's go
to the premier expert
396
00:14:48,800 --> 00:14:50,600
in this field,
Dr. Ann McKee,
397
00:14:50,500 --> 00:14:52,500
Professor of Neurology
at Boston University
398
00:14:52,500 --> 00:14:54,700
and Director
of the CTE Center.
399
00:14:54,700 --> 00:14:55,900
Thanks for
joining us, Ann.
400
00:14:55,900 --> 00:14:57,200
Thanks, Adam.
401
00:14:57,200 --> 00:14:58,700
Unfortunately, it's true.
402
00:14:58,700 --> 00:15:00,600
CTE isn't just caused
by concussions.
403
00:15:00,600 --> 00:15:03,200
It's also caused by the small
sub-concussive hits
404
00:15:03,200 --> 00:15:04,600
that build up over time.
405
00:15:04,500 --> 00:15:06,500
If you play football
at any level,
406
00:15:06,500 --> 00:15:09,600
the chronic hits to the head
will cause brain damage.
407
00:15:09,600 --> 00:15:12,000
Well, that's easy,
why don't they just
build better helmets?
408
00:15:12,000 --> 00:15:13,800
That will never work.
409
00:15:13,800 --> 00:15:15,500
When the body
and head suddenly stop,
410
00:15:15,500 --> 00:15:18,000
the brain stretches, breaking
its internal structures.
411
00:15:18,000 --> 00:15:20,400
Unless you can fit
a helmet inside your skull,
412
00:15:20,300 --> 00:15:21,900
there is no way to stop it.
413
00:15:21,900 --> 00:15:24,800
Yeah, but that can't happen
to, like, everyone, right?
414
00:15:24,800 --> 00:15:26,700
(Ann)
Unfortunately, it does, Ray.
415
00:15:26,700 --> 00:15:28,800
We found CTE in over 96%
416
00:15:28,800 --> 00:15:31,700
of former professional players'
brains that we've studied.
417
00:15:31,700 --> 00:15:33,400
96%?
Oh, no.
418
00:15:33,300 --> 00:15:37,100
Ooh, that is
regretful and upsetful.
419
00:15:37,100 --> 00:15:38,900
The fact is,
our research shows
420
00:15:38,900 --> 00:15:41,500
that it's practically
impossible to play football
421
00:15:41,500 --> 00:15:44,000
without suffering
irreversible brain damage.
422
00:15:44,000 --> 00:15:46,000
And the NFL
knows about this?
423
00:15:46,000 --> 00:15:48,600
They do, in fact
the NFL has admitted
424
00:15:48,500 --> 00:15:51,300
that playing football
is linked to CTE.
425
00:15:51,300 --> 00:15:53,300
They just don't
take it seriously.
426
00:15:53,300 --> 00:15:55,100
When asked whether
football was dangerous,
427
00:15:55,100 --> 00:15:57,200
NFL Commissioner
Roger Goodell said...
428
00:15:57,200 --> 00:15:58,300
There's risk in life.
429
00:15:58,300 --> 00:16:00,000
There's risk to sitting
on the couch.
430
00:16:00,000 --> 00:16:02,100
I don't know about you,
but if my couch was
431
00:16:02,000 --> 00:16:04,900
giving brain damage to 96%
of the people that sat on it,
432
00:16:04,900 --> 00:16:06,600
I would throw out
that couch.
433
00:16:06,600 --> 00:16:08,300
But, hey,
I guess it's easy
434
00:16:08,300 --> 00:16:09,900
to ignore the truth
when you're getting paid
435
00:16:10,000 --> 00:16:12,900
34 million bucks a year
to protect the status quo.
436
00:16:12,900 --> 00:16:15,100
Well, the players
are millionaires, too.
437
00:16:15,000 --> 00:16:17,500
I'd take that risk
for that kind of cash.
438
00:16:17,500 --> 00:16:19,600
Oh, yeah, NFL players can
make their own decisions.
439
00:16:19,600 --> 00:16:20,700
They're adults.
440
00:16:20,700 --> 00:16:23,500
But you know who can't?
Kids.
441
00:16:23,500 --> 00:16:25,600
Oh, crap, children.
442
00:16:25,600 --> 00:16:27,200
I forgot about
the children.
443
00:16:27,200 --> 00:16:29,800
There are less than
2,000 current NFL players,
444
00:16:29,700 --> 00:16:32,900
but more than 1 million high
school students play the game,
445
00:16:32,900 --> 00:16:36,400
as well as hundreds of thousands
of straight-up kids.
446
00:16:36,400 --> 00:16:39,000
And, well, I'll let
Dr. McKee tell you the rest.
447
00:16:39,000 --> 00:16:42,400
Children's brains are especially
susceptible to brain damage.
448
00:16:42,400 --> 00:16:45,300
The truth is the brain
isn't even finished developing
449
00:16:45,200 --> 00:16:47,000
until age 25.
450
00:16:47,000 --> 00:16:48,700
It's difficult
to say this,
451
00:16:48,700 --> 00:16:52,100
but children simply should not
be allowed to play football.
452
00:16:52,100 --> 00:16:53,900
Isn't that
a little overboard?
453
00:16:53,900 --> 00:16:55,400
Well, why don't you
ask the players?
454
00:16:55,400 --> 00:16:58,000
If I had a ten-year-old boy,
I don't know that I'd be
455
00:16:57,900 --> 00:17:00,700
real inclined to encourage him
to go play football.
456
00:17:00,700 --> 00:17:03,400
If you had
an eight-year-old kid now...
457
00:17:03,400 --> 00:17:05,700
would you tell him you'd
want him to play football?
458
00:17:05,800 --> 00:17:07,100
I wouldn't.
459
00:17:07,100 --> 00:17:08,800
And my whole life was football.
460
00:17:08,800 --> 00:17:11,700
Especially me, knowing
what I know now, there--
461
00:17:11,600 --> 00:17:13,500
there's absolutely no way,
462
00:17:13,500 --> 00:17:16,100
no way in hell that I would
do it all over again.
463
00:17:16,100 --> 00:17:18,700
Harry Carson?
464
00:17:18,700 --> 00:17:21,600
But he won the Super Bowl
with the Giants in '86.
465
00:17:21,600 --> 00:17:23,600
He would
take that all back?
466
00:17:23,600 --> 00:17:26,300
Look, it's hard to hear
that the game we love
467
00:17:26,200 --> 00:17:29,000
is killing people
and hurting kids.
468
00:17:29,000 --> 00:17:30,300
But it's true.
469
00:17:31,500 --> 00:17:33,300
Oh, my God, the kids,
the Blue Skins.
470
00:17:33,300 --> 00:17:34,800
I had them run
tackling drills.
471
00:17:34,800 --> 00:17:36,800
Adam, get us out of here!
We gotta stop them!
472
00:17:36,800 --> 00:17:37,800
Right.
473
00:17:39,800 --> 00:17:41,400
No, no, no!
474
00:17:41,400 --> 00:17:43,300
(sound slowed)
Noooo!
475
00:17:43,300 --> 00:17:47,100
We'll be
right baaaack!
476
00:17:54,400 --> 00:17:56,300
No! No, no, no.
No, no, no!
477
00:17:56,300 --> 00:17:58,200
Ah, whoof.
478
00:17:58,200 --> 00:18:00,100
Thank God
they're so bad at football.
479
00:18:00,100 --> 00:18:03,000
All right, everybody stop.
Take a knee, Blue Skins.
480
00:18:03,000 --> 00:18:04,400
(Patty)
Come on.
481
00:18:04,400 --> 00:18:06,200
I can't believe
I'm saying this,
482
00:18:06,200 --> 00:18:08,500
but we all gotta stop
playing football.
483
00:18:08,400 --> 00:18:11,000
It's dangerous,
and there's no way to stop it.
484
00:18:11,000 --> 00:18:13,500
Ray,
there's another way.
485
00:18:13,500 --> 00:18:16,400
It's true, if we keep playing
football the same old way,
486
00:18:16,400 --> 00:18:17,900
players will keep dying,
487
00:18:17,900 --> 00:18:19,700
parents will pull
the next generation
488
00:18:19,700 --> 00:18:21,200
of athletes
out of the sport,
489
00:18:21,200 --> 00:18:24,100
and the game we love will
slowly fade from prominence
490
00:18:24,000 --> 00:18:26,300
just like boxing
and horse racing did.
491
00:18:26,300 --> 00:18:28,200
We used to feel
five feet tall.
492
00:18:28,200 --> 00:18:31,300
But now
we're minced meat.
(bell dings)
493
00:18:31,300 --> 00:18:33,300
Tastes do change.
494
00:18:33,300 --> 00:18:34,500
But they don't have to.
495
00:18:34,500 --> 00:18:37,300
We can save football
by changing it.
496
00:18:37,200 --> 00:18:41,200
Like how? You just said almost
all hits cause brain damage.
497
00:18:41,200 --> 00:18:43,700
So, what, we ban tackling
and get rid of linemen?
498
00:18:43,800 --> 00:18:45,200
I mean, yes,
that would work.
499
00:18:45,200 --> 00:18:46,700
But that wouldn't
be football.
500
00:18:46,700 --> 00:18:49,900
Yeah, that's exactly what
they said back in 1905.
501
00:18:49,900 --> 00:18:51,400
(Adam)
Back then, the sport
was so violent
502
00:18:51,300 --> 00:18:54,000
that college players were
getting trampled to death.
503
00:18:54,000 --> 00:18:57,100
There were 18 deaths
nationwide that year alone.
504
00:18:57,100 --> 00:18:59,100
Yes, the sports
was far too brutal
505
00:18:59,100 --> 00:19:01,100
even for me,
Teddy Roosevelt!
506
00:19:01,100 --> 00:19:03,300
(birds screeches)
Ooh!
507
00:19:03,300 --> 00:19:05,700
That's why I insisted
football legalize
508
00:19:05,600 --> 00:19:06,900
a forward pass.
509
00:19:06,900 --> 00:19:09,900
It made the game safer
by opening up the field.
510
00:19:09,900 --> 00:19:12,700
Yes, that made the game
fundamentally different forever,
511
00:19:12,700 --> 00:19:15,200
but it was still football.
512
00:19:15,200 --> 00:19:18,300
(bird squawks, thud)
Ooh!
513
00:19:18,300 --> 00:19:19,400
Ha ha!
514
00:19:19,400 --> 00:19:21,000
I don't know,
that seems hard.
515
00:19:21,000 --> 00:19:22,200
Well, we have a choice.
516
00:19:22,300 --> 00:19:23,600
We could either
do the hard thing
517
00:19:23,600 --> 00:19:25,200
and make real changes
to the game,
518
00:19:25,200 --> 00:19:26,900
or we can keep
ignoring the problem,
519
00:19:26,900 --> 00:19:29,900
and 50 years from now
football will be dead.
520
00:19:29,900 --> 00:19:32,200
And that would be a shame
because football is awesome.
521
00:19:32,200 --> 00:19:33,700
(all)
Yeah!
522
00:19:33,600 --> 00:19:35,400
Ah, here you guys are.
Oh...
523
00:19:35,400 --> 00:19:37,100
Remember when
you said that everything
524
00:19:37,100 --> 00:19:39,800
about this sandwich could change
and you would still love it?
525
00:19:39,800 --> 00:19:42,800
Well, then why is the one part
that's killing people
526
00:19:42,800 --> 00:19:45,800
the part that we decided
we have no power over?
527
00:19:45,800 --> 00:19:49,100
Let's save the sport we love
by changing it for the better.
528
00:19:49,000 --> 00:19:50,100
Are you with me?
529
00:19:50,100 --> 00:19:51,100
(all)
Yeah!
530
00:19:51,200 --> 00:19:52,300
I said,
are you with me?!
531
00:19:52,300 --> 00:19:53,300
(all)
Yeah!
532
00:19:53,300 --> 00:19:54,600
Well, then let's
get out there
533
00:19:54,600 --> 00:19:57,200
and never play
tackle football ever again!
534
00:19:57,200 --> 00:19:58,300
(all cheering)
535
00:19:58,300 --> 00:20:00,100
Let's go,
let's play touch.
536
00:20:00,100 --> 00:20:02,400
�
537
00:20:11,000 --> 00:20:12,800
(engine revving)
538
00:20:12,800 --> 00:20:14,500
Hey, is Adam here?
539
00:20:14,500 --> 00:20:16,600
Yeah, and you are?
540
00:20:16,500 --> 00:20:17,900
I'm his sister.
541
00:20:19,800 --> 00:20:21,700
His sister?
542
00:20:21,700 --> 00:20:23,300
Oh. Rhea, hi!
543
00:20:23,300 --> 00:20:25,500
Hey, slugger,
how was your show thing?
544
00:20:25,500 --> 00:20:27,200
Oh, it was great,
I taught Murph's parents
545
00:20:27,200 --> 00:20:28,600
all about
playoff statistics
546
00:20:28,600 --> 00:20:30,600
and hydration
and how playing football
547
00:20:30,500 --> 00:20:31,800
injures the brains
of millions
548
00:20:31,800 --> 00:20:33,500
of high school students
every year.
549
00:20:33,500 --> 00:20:35,200
Well, I'm glad
you had fun.
550
00:20:35,200 --> 00:20:37,100
Hey, I hope he didn't
bug you too much.
551
00:20:37,100 --> 00:20:38,100
Did you, uh...
552
00:20:38,100 --> 00:20:39,900
did you restore
this car yourself?
553
00:20:39,900 --> 00:20:42,400
Oh, yeah, 500 bucks and
five years of elbow grease.
554
00:20:42,400 --> 00:20:44,000
She's a beauty, huh?
Yeah.
555
00:20:43,900 --> 00:20:45,900
Well, aesthetics aside,
public transportation
556
00:20:45,900 --> 00:20:47,300
would be far more efficient...
(engine revving)
557
00:20:47,300 --> 00:20:48,500
What? What's that?
558
00:20:48,500 --> 00:20:50,100
I can't hear you
over this horsepower!
559
00:20:50,100 --> 00:20:51,200
Say goodbye, Adam.
560
00:20:51,200 --> 00:20:53,700
Bye, Murph, see you
on Crossword Puzzle Friday!
561
00:20:53,700 --> 00:20:57,200
(tires screeching,
engine revving)
562
00:20:57,200 --> 00:20:59,000
Maybe he's adopted?
563
00:20:59,000 --> 00:21:01,000
� (theme song whistling)
42341
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