All language subtitles for [Chinese] 日元历史性加息,意味着什么? [DownSub.com]

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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:00,733 --> 00:00:01,366 果然 2 00:00:01,366 --> 00:00:02,500 如我所料 3 00:00:02,500 --> 00:00:04,066 日本加息了 4 00:00:05,066 --> 00:00:07,633 作为全世界最后一个维持负利率的经济体 5 00:00:07,633 --> 00:00:10,099 日本央行也在整整十七年之后 6 00:00:10,100 --> 00:00:11,233 迎来了第一次加息 7 00:00:11,233 --> 00:00:13,533 把它的基准利率从负的0.1% 8 00:00:13,533 --> 00:00:15,533 上调到了0%和0.1%之间 9 00:00:16,699 --> 00:00:18,433 你看着好像只加了0.1% 10 00:00:18,433 --> 00:00:20,300 看着好像是日本央行的一小步 11 00:00:20,300 --> 00:00:23,133 但这其实是日本货币政策的一大步 12 00:00:23,833 --> 00:00:26,166 关键是说它有一个巨大的象征意义 13 00:00:26,166 --> 00:00:27,866 这是一个明确的市场信号 14 00:00:27,866 --> 00:00:29,699 日本央行其实就是要告诉全世界说 15 00:00:29,699 --> 00:00:30,699 大家听好了 16 00:00:30,699 --> 00:00:31,599 负利率 17 00:00:31,600 --> 00:00:33,233 我们不搞了 18 00:00:34,366 --> 00:00:35,166 这还没完 19 00:00:35,166 --> 00:00:36,566 其实前两天咱们也聊过 20 00:00:36,566 --> 00:00:39,333 日本央行它有两大的奇葩货币政策 21 00:00:39,333 --> 00:00:40,466 除了负利率以外 22 00:00:40,466 --> 00:00:42,233 还有一个叫做利率曲线控制 23 00:00:42,233 --> 00:00:43,333 简单来说 就是一个 24 00:00:43,333 --> 00:00:44,599 增强版的量化宽松 25 00:00:44,600 --> 00:00:45,399 就在同一天 26 00:00:45,399 --> 00:00:46,333 日本央行也说了 27 00:00:46,333 --> 00:00:47,033 这一招 28 00:00:47,033 --> 00:00:48,899 我们也不搞了 29 00:00:48,899 --> 00:00:51,433 从此日本激进的货币政策时代 30 00:00:51,433 --> 00:00:52,600 走进了历史 31 00:00:54,166 --> 00:00:54,966 你看看 32 00:00:54,966 --> 00:00:57,166 咱聊日本经济这视频还没出几天 33 00:00:57,166 --> 00:00:59,300 日本央行一口气把俩政策全取消了 34 00:00:59,300 --> 00:01:00,333 可见小Lin的视频 35 00:01:00,333 --> 00:01:02,366 对日本央行的影响力 36 00:01:06,199 --> 00:01:07,133 但我跟你说 37 00:01:07,133 --> 00:01:09,699 日本加完息有意思的其实是市场的反应 38 00:01:09,699 --> 00:01:10,433 正常来说 39 00:01:10,433 --> 00:01:13,033 你推出一个这么重大的历史性的加息决策 40 00:01:13,033 --> 00:01:14,433 那日元应该暴涨 41 00:01:14,433 --> 00:01:15,433 毕竟加息 42 00:01:15,566 --> 00:01:17,133 何况又是历史性的一步 43 00:01:17,133 --> 00:01:18,899 但是没想到日本央行公布之后 44 00:01:18,899 --> 00:01:19,966 日元它不光没涨 45 00:01:19,966 --> 00:01:22,799 反倒兑美元再一次跌穿了150大关 46 00:01:22,800 --> 00:01:24,766 这就不太符合经济学常识了 47 00:01:24,766 --> 00:01:26,766 这就有点像老师要是告诉同学说 48 00:01:26,766 --> 00:01:27,833 我们明天放假 49 00:01:27,833 --> 00:01:28,999 结果同学全哭了 50 00:01:29,266 --> 00:01:30,566 你说说 他们哭什么 51 00:01:30,666 --> 00:01:32,100 怎么这么奇怪 52 00:01:33,100 --> 00:01:35,300 咱之前其实已经算是比较全面地 53 00:01:35,300 --> 00:01:37,266 概览了一下日本经济最近的情况 54 00:01:37,266 --> 00:01:38,333 但这新闻出来之后 55 00:01:38,333 --> 00:01:39,499 我还收到挺多留言 56 00:01:39,500 --> 00:01:40,666 想让我再聊聊这个事儿 57 00:01:40,666 --> 00:01:42,166 所以今天咱们就再补充一下 58 00:01:42,166 --> 00:01:43,366 咱来一起聊一聊 59 00:01:43,366 --> 00:01:45,266 日本央行它为什么选择了加息 60 00:01:45,266 --> 00:01:47,166 这个又对全球经济意味着什么 61 00:01:49,699 --> 00:01:51,466 负利率它是什么概念呢 62 00:01:51,466 --> 00:01:53,733 就比如说哈这个利率是负的1% 63 00:01:53,733 --> 00:01:55,300 那现在你要找我借100块钱 64 00:01:55,300 --> 00:01:56,366 等你明年还钱的时候 65 00:01:56,366 --> 00:01:57,300 你就不用还我利息了 66 00:01:57,300 --> 00:01:59,300 你甚至只需要给我99块钱就行 67 00:01:59,300 --> 00:02:00,466 反过来存钱也一样 68 00:02:00,466 --> 00:02:01,966 就是你今年要去银行存100块钱 69 00:02:01,966 --> 00:02:03,766 明年你就只能取出来99块钱 70 00:02:03,766 --> 00:02:04,699 连本金都不够 71 00:02:04,699 --> 00:02:06,033 你看看 这样一来 72 00:02:06,033 --> 00:02:07,566 你借钱就会变得非常爽 73 00:02:07,566 --> 00:02:09,299 但是你存钱就会非常亏 74 00:02:09,300 --> 00:02:10,000 日本央行 75 00:02:10,000 --> 00:02:12,366 它就是想通过负利率逼着大家说 76 00:02:12,366 --> 00:02:14,733 你别存钱 你多借钱 多花钱 77 00:02:14,733 --> 00:02:15,866 让经济运转起来 78 00:02:15,866 --> 00:02:17,033 摆脱通货紧缩 79 00:02:17,033 --> 00:02:19,133 进入到咱们一个良性的通货膨胀 80 00:02:19,133 --> 00:02:21,033 当然我举这个负1% 81 00:02:21,033 --> 00:02:22,933 就是为了让大家感受能更明显一点 82 00:02:22,933 --> 00:02:24,000 实际咱刚才也说了 83 00:02:24,000 --> 00:02:25,333 它其实只有负的0.1% 84 00:02:25,333 --> 00:02:27,399 而且这个负利率它其实只是 85 00:02:27,399 --> 00:02:29,299 日本央行和日本大银行之间的 86 00:02:29,300 --> 00:02:30,866 就到你我这种消费者这儿 87 00:02:30,866 --> 00:02:32,833 它就又是正的或者是几乎是0 88 00:02:32,833 --> 00:02:34,566 所以你也别想说我靠这个负利率 89 00:02:34,566 --> 00:02:35,366 我把钱借进来 90 00:02:35,366 --> 00:02:36,300 然后给家里囤着 91 00:02:36,800 --> 00:02:37,600 来赚钱 92 00:02:37,600 --> 00:02:40,300 好 那日本央行为什么现在开始加息了呢 93 00:02:40,533 --> 00:02:41,800 其实最最主要的原因 94 00:02:41,800 --> 00:02:42,800 就是因为通胀 95 00:02:42,800 --> 00:02:43,600 它真的来了 96 00:02:43,600 --> 00:02:45,566 之前那期视频其实我们也详细聊过 97 00:02:45,566 --> 00:02:47,599 日本前几年就已经看到通胀了 98 00:02:47,600 --> 00:02:50,100 只不过日本央行它需要确认 99 00:02:50,100 --> 00:02:51,766 通胀它是不是真的来了 100 00:02:51,766 --> 00:02:53,466 还是来日本就转了一圈就走了 101 00:02:53,466 --> 00:02:54,799 要确定这个事的关键 102 00:02:54,966 --> 00:02:57,066 就看这个工资能不能跟着一起上涨 103 00:02:57,066 --> 00:02:58,533 就要看日本最著名的 104 00:02:58,533 --> 00:03:00,166 一年一度的工资大谈判 105 00:03:00,166 --> 00:03:01,133 就是春斗的结果 106 00:03:01,133 --> 00:03:03,666 这不 三月中的时候春斗的结果就出来了 107 00:03:03,666 --> 00:03:04,899 比市场预期的还强 108 00:03:04,899 --> 00:03:07,833 日本的大公司要给员工加薪5.28% 109 00:03:07,833 --> 00:03:10,199 不光超过了它3%左右的通货膨胀 110 00:03:10,199 --> 00:03:13,766 甚至达到了三十三年以来的工资最大涨幅 111 00:03:14,133 --> 00:03:15,066 这日本央行一看 112 00:03:15,066 --> 00:03:16,166 稳了 没问题了 113 00:03:16,166 --> 00:03:18,199 就立刻马上立即加息 114 00:03:18,199 --> 00:03:20,399 本来市场预期说你三月份出结果 115 00:03:20,399 --> 00:03:21,999 怎么着得反映一下 116 00:03:22,000 --> 00:03:23,933 所以预期央行四月份才会有动作 117 00:03:23,933 --> 00:03:25,766 没想到日本央行这么着急 118 00:03:25,766 --> 00:03:26,833 扳机扣得比谁都快 119 00:03:27,966 --> 00:03:29,133 好 咱接着往下看 120 00:03:29,133 --> 00:03:30,466 说日本央行加息 121 00:03:30,466 --> 00:03:31,766 那为什么日元反倒跌了 122 00:03:31,766 --> 00:03:33,399 就是老师都说放假了 123 00:03:33,399 --> 00:03:34,966 同学为什么反倒哭了呢 124 00:03:36,766 --> 00:03:38,533 因为日本央行加息 125 00:03:38,533 --> 00:03:40,399 其实早就在市场的意料之中了 126 00:03:40,399 --> 00:03:41,133 可是 127 00:03:41,133 --> 00:03:43,066 日本央行它虽然加息是提前了 128 00:03:43,066 --> 00:03:45,033 但是它这个力度实在是太小了 129 00:03:45,033 --> 00:03:46,566 就是国债它该买还买 130 00:03:46,566 --> 00:03:48,799 之后它想继续怎么紧缩 它也不说清楚 131 00:03:48,800 --> 00:03:50,899 谨慎到甚至都感觉有点无聊了 132 00:03:50,899 --> 00:03:52,933 这个其实也预示着未来一段时间 133 00:03:53,100 --> 00:03:54,033 日本央行它在判断 134 00:03:54,033 --> 00:03:55,399 是不是要加息的时候 135 00:03:55,399 --> 00:03:56,866 它可能也会一直这么谨慎 136 00:03:56,866 --> 00:03:58,566 这就导致了日本加息 137 00:03:58,566 --> 00:04:00,266 但是日元反倒走弱的 138 00:04:00,266 --> 00:04:01,399 这么一个奇怪的现象 139 00:04:01,399 --> 00:04:02,966 它跌不是因为它加息了 140 00:04:02,966 --> 00:04:03,899 而是因为它加的 141 00:04:03,899 --> 00:04:04,866 没有预期的多 142 00:04:04,866 --> 00:04:06,033 没有预期的坚决 143 00:04:06,033 --> 00:04:06,666 它才跌的 144 00:04:06,666 --> 00:04:07,533 这就好比说 145 00:04:07,533 --> 00:04:09,000 同学为什么知道明天要放假了 146 00:04:09,000 --> 00:04:09,833 他还哭 147 00:04:09,833 --> 00:04:11,066 有可能因为同学本来以为 148 00:04:11,066 --> 00:04:12,899 要放一个礼拜的假 票都订好了 149 00:04:12,899 --> 00:04:14,299 结果老师告诉他就放一天 150 00:04:14,300 --> 00:04:15,300 还留了一堆作业 151 00:04:15,300 --> 00:04:16,433 就没有预期放的多 152 00:04:16,433 --> 00:04:18,433 然后老师这态度也没有诚意 153 00:04:18,433 --> 00:04:19,100 他不就哭了吗 154 00:04:20,065 --> 00:04:21,198 好 咱继续深入 155 00:04:21,199 --> 00:04:24,099 日本央行它几乎在一夜之间结束了一个 156 00:04:24,100 --> 00:04:26,600 整个经济体几乎都适应了一个运行模式 157 00:04:26,600 --> 00:04:27,600 那它意味着什么呢 158 00:04:27,600 --> 00:04:29,366 它又有可能会带来什么结果呢 159 00:04:29,366 --> 00:04:30,399 注意 我先强调一下 160 00:04:30,399 --> 00:04:32,033 这些都是纯粹理论上的 161 00:04:32,033 --> 00:04:34,066 实际的影响因素它可能千千万 162 00:04:34,066 --> 00:04:37,166 我只能说加息这个控制变量的单独因素 163 00:04:37,166 --> 00:04:38,166 对市场的影响 164 00:04:39,366 --> 00:04:42,066 首先 你想加息就是收益率变高了 165 00:04:42,066 --> 00:04:44,599 整个日本资产它里边的投资回报率 166 00:04:44,600 --> 00:04:45,733 都会跟着水涨船高 167 00:04:45,733 --> 00:04:47,300 也就是说日本的资产 168 00:04:47,300 --> 00:04:49,500 它相对于海外的资产更有吸引力了 169 00:04:49,500 --> 00:04:50,866 那会导致什么呢 170 00:04:50,866 --> 00:04:52,000 就是外资的流入 171 00:04:53,500 --> 00:04:54,266 你要知道 172 00:04:54,266 --> 00:04:57,333 日本他可是拥有全世界最高的海外净资产 173 00:04:57,333 --> 00:04:59,033 就世界各地都有日本的产业 174 00:04:59,033 --> 00:04:59,899 这可能很多人都听过 175 00:04:59,899 --> 00:05:02,333 而且他这个海外净资产第一的记录 176 00:05:02,333 --> 00:05:03,899 已经保持了长达三十二年 177 00:05:03,899 --> 00:05:04,733 2022年的时候 178 00:05:04,733 --> 00:05:07,233 这个数好像大概是2.83万亿美元 179 00:05:07,233 --> 00:05:08,933 这相当于他GDP的三分之二 180 00:05:10,199 --> 00:05:11,966 注意 我们这说的是净资产 181 00:05:11,966 --> 00:05:13,699 就是你的资产减去你的负债 182 00:05:13,699 --> 00:05:14,699 这个日本第一 183 00:05:14,699 --> 00:05:16,666 你要是单纯按资产来算的话 184 00:05:16,666 --> 00:05:17,866 那第一肯定还是美国了 185 00:05:17,866 --> 00:05:19,300 我再顺便考考大家 186 00:05:19,566 --> 00:05:22,433 你知道海外净资产最低的国家是谁吗 187 00:05:22,433 --> 00:05:24,233 就是海外净负债最多 188 00:05:24,233 --> 00:05:25,500 就是欠别人钱最多的 189 00:05:25,500 --> 00:05:26,233 你知道是谁吗 190 00:05:28,266 --> 00:05:29,199 没错 就是 191 00:05:29,433 --> 00:05:30,399 美国 192 00:05:30,399 --> 00:05:33,366 它的海外净负债大概是20万亿美元 193 00:05:33,366 --> 00:05:34,000 这是什么概念 194 00:05:34,000 --> 00:05:36,399 大概相当于五个日本的GDP 195 00:05:36,399 --> 00:05:38,199 已经超过了一个中国的GDP 196 00:05:38,199 --> 00:05:39,366 这是为什么呢 197 00:05:39,366 --> 00:05:41,000 大家可以在评论区讨论讨论 198 00:05:41,000 --> 00:05:42,100 这不是我们今天的重点 199 00:05:42,100 --> 00:05:42,833 咱说回到日本 200 00:05:42,833 --> 00:05:44,366 那你说它(日本)为什么会有这么多 201 00:05:44,366 --> 00:05:45,233 海外的资产呢 202 00:05:46,433 --> 00:05:47,266 其实很简单 203 00:05:47,266 --> 00:05:49,266 因为国内的投资回报率太低了 204 00:05:49,600 --> 00:05:51,399 你看央行都把利率压成负的了 205 00:05:51,399 --> 00:05:52,199 经济又不景气 206 00:05:52,199 --> 00:05:54,199 国内没有什么好的投资机会了 207 00:05:54,199 --> 00:05:55,699 那我还不如去纽约买栋楼 208 00:05:55,699 --> 00:05:57,033 或者去欧洲买点股票 209 00:05:57,199 --> 00:05:58,299 而且这还没完 210 00:05:58,300 --> 00:05:59,933 因为日本他的利率不是低吗 211 00:05:59,933 --> 00:06:02,166 那我就不光是只是投资资产到海外 212 00:06:02,166 --> 00:06:04,333 我甚至可以借钱 再去投资海外 213 00:06:04,333 --> 00:06:06,266 你想日元的利率假设是0 214 00:06:06,266 --> 00:06:08,166 这几年美国的利率大概是3到5 215 00:06:08,166 --> 00:06:09,600 我为什么不借日元 216 00:06:09,600 --> 00:06:11,433 然后去投资美元或者投资欧元 217 00:06:11,899 --> 00:06:13,733 这个就是我们老说那个利差交易 218 00:06:13,733 --> 00:06:14,533 确实很多人在做 219 00:06:14,533 --> 00:06:15,533 Carry Trade 220 00:06:15,533 --> 00:06:16,699 而且到疫情后期 221 00:06:16,699 --> 00:06:18,533 日本是主要货币里头 222 00:06:18,533 --> 00:06:20,000 那个仅有的还不加息的 223 00:06:20,000 --> 00:06:22,266 所以他就成了一个利差交易的集中地 224 00:06:22,266 --> 00:06:23,166 总而言之 225 00:06:23,166 --> 00:06:24,600 就是有大量的日元 226 00:06:24,600 --> 00:06:25,733 投资到海外 227 00:06:27,600 --> 00:06:29,566 而现在日本央行它一旦加息 228 00:06:29,566 --> 00:06:32,199 就意味着国内整体的收益率会回升 229 00:06:32,199 --> 00:06:33,899 大家一看 家里的回报率高了 230 00:06:33,899 --> 00:06:35,233 同时借钱又变贵了 231 00:06:35,433 --> 00:06:37,300 那我赶紧还是把海外的钱给撤回来 232 00:06:37,300 --> 00:06:39,133 所以这个影响与其叫做 233 00:06:39,133 --> 00:06:40,133 外资的流入 234 00:06:40,133 --> 00:06:42,333 不如叫做日元的回流 235 00:06:43,766 --> 00:06:45,333 日元回流会导致什么呢 236 00:06:45,333 --> 00:06:46,566 这个其实也很简单 237 00:06:46,566 --> 00:06:48,799 我们具体得去看看它是怎么回流的 238 00:06:48,800 --> 00:06:50,366 就是这个钱它从哪撤出来 239 00:06:50,366 --> 00:06:51,633 那哪的资产就下跌 240 00:06:51,633 --> 00:06:53,299 这钱流到哪了 哪就涨 241 00:06:53,300 --> 00:06:55,033 你得先卖出海外资产 242 00:06:55,033 --> 00:06:56,500 然后你得再换回日元 243 00:06:56,500 --> 00:06:58,066 最后你再买日本本国的资产 244 00:06:58,066 --> 00:06:59,599 那对应的结果咱推导一下 245 00:06:59,600 --> 00:07:01,300 就是海外资产下跌 246 00:07:01,300 --> 00:07:02,500 日元升值 247 00:07:02,500 --> 00:07:03,766 日本本国资产上涨 248 00:07:03,766 --> 00:07:05,266 大概是这么个逻辑 249 00:07:06,733 --> 00:07:08,833 具体一点 什么海外资产会下跌呢 250 00:07:08,833 --> 00:07:09,866 那你就得看日本 251 00:07:09,866 --> 00:07:11,466 他原来在海外买了什么资产 252 00:07:11,466 --> 00:07:13,333 我亲自统计了一下 253 00:07:13,699 --> 00:07:15,699 日本财政部它的估算 咱来看看 254 00:07:15,699 --> 00:07:18,066 首先 它最大的投资标的是北美 255 00:07:18,066 --> 00:07:19,033 其实主要就是美国 256 00:07:19,033 --> 00:07:20,766 这里头股和债大概一半一半 257 00:07:20,766 --> 00:07:21,966 这个也很合理 258 00:07:22,133 --> 00:07:24,766 我们都知道日本是全球最大的美债持有国 259 00:07:24,766 --> 00:07:26,366 持有超过1万亿的美债 260 00:07:26,366 --> 00:07:28,566 而它第二大投资标的就是欧洲 261 00:07:28,566 --> 00:07:29,966 25% 这个也合理 262 00:07:29,966 --> 00:07:31,966 而第三名 这个有点意思了 263 00:07:31,966 --> 00:07:34,499 它居然不是亚洲 而是中南美 264 00:07:34,500 --> 00:07:35,899 这个就让我感觉有点意外了 265 00:07:35,899 --> 00:07:36,766 你说日本为什么 266 00:07:36,766 --> 00:07:39,033 会有大量的资产在中南美呢 267 00:07:39,033 --> 00:07:41,466 难道这里边有什么不可告人的策略吗 268 00:07:41,466 --> 00:07:43,099 我就再仔细往下看是哪个国家 269 00:07:43,333 --> 00:07:44,999 我跟你说 这里头有一个国家 270 00:07:45,033 --> 00:07:47,800 他在所有国家里的排名仅次于美国 271 00:07:47,800 --> 00:07:49,666 排在第二名 大家可以猜猜 272 00:07:50,766 --> 00:07:52,299 我跟你说他不是巴西 273 00:07:52,300 --> 00:07:53,333 不是阿根廷 274 00:07:53,333 --> 00:07:54,433 也不是墨西哥 275 00:07:54,433 --> 00:07:55,266 而是 276 00:07:55,266 --> 00:07:56,133 开曼群岛 277 00:07:56,866 --> 00:07:58,533 没错 这就是个避税天堂 278 00:07:58,533 --> 00:07:59,633 他其实就是个壳 279 00:07:59,633 --> 00:08:01,533 估摸着就是他在哪又绕了一圈 280 00:08:01,533 --> 00:08:02,766 然后又投到美国欧洲去了 281 00:08:02,766 --> 00:08:03,933 所以我跟你说这数据 282 00:08:03,933 --> 00:08:05,466 你真的有的时候就得往下挖 283 00:08:05,466 --> 00:08:06,666 不然你可能就以为 284 00:08:06,666 --> 00:08:08,566 日本非常喜欢投资拉丁美洲了 285 00:08:08,566 --> 00:08:10,133 好 那咱就清楚了 286 00:08:10,133 --> 00:08:12,566 它一旦加息受到影响最大的市场 287 00:08:12,566 --> 00:08:14,499 其实就是美国和欧洲的市场 288 00:08:14,500 --> 00:08:16,299 所以有一些可能比较激进的人 289 00:08:16,299 --> 00:08:17,099 他上来就说了 290 00:08:17,100 --> 00:08:20,266 说日本加息可能会成为激发美股暴跌的 291 00:08:20,266 --> 00:08:20,866 导火索 292 00:08:20,866 --> 00:08:22,600 这个就是我感觉可能性倒不大 293 00:08:22,600 --> 00:08:24,466 不过好像东南亚一些对外资 294 00:08:24,466 --> 00:08:25,666 非常依赖的国家 295 00:08:25,666 --> 00:08:26,433 那可能就说不准了 296 00:08:26,433 --> 00:08:28,166 你要知道当年亚洲金融危机 297 00:08:28,166 --> 00:08:29,699 其实有一大底层原因 298 00:08:29,700 --> 00:08:30,966 就是日本资本的回流 299 00:08:30,966 --> 00:08:32,399 就我们有机会再详细说 300 00:08:32,399 --> 00:08:34,399 我不要 我不要 301 00:08:34,566 --> 00:08:36,466 好 我们接着说这个加息的影响 302 00:08:36,466 --> 00:08:38,933 它除了会导致日本资产地回流 303 00:08:38,933 --> 00:08:40,166 第二个直接影响 304 00:08:40,166 --> 00:08:42,166 可能也是市场最担心的一个后果 305 00:08:42,166 --> 00:08:45,033 就是日本政府它借债的成本变高了 306 00:08:46,433 --> 00:08:48,599 你想日本政府这么高的债务水平 307 00:08:48,600 --> 00:08:51,066 往轻了说它可能会限制日本政府 308 00:08:51,066 --> 00:08:52,399 开销和刺激经济的力度 309 00:08:52,399 --> 00:08:53,066 往重了说 310 00:08:53,066 --> 00:08:55,633 它甚至有可能会导致日本政府的信用风险 311 00:08:55,633 --> 00:08:57,033 这个就是很严重的了 312 00:08:58,566 --> 00:09:01,666 所以日本央行它也知道市场担心 313 00:09:01,666 --> 00:09:03,099 日本的国债市场会剧烈波动 314 00:09:03,100 --> 00:09:04,399 它也不希望引发恐慌 315 00:09:04,399 --> 00:09:06,266 它也不希望日本政府还不上钱 316 00:09:06,266 --> 00:09:08,299 所以这次会议其实它也明确说了 317 00:09:08,299 --> 00:09:11,199 虽然我取消了这个无限印钱的货币政策 318 00:09:11,200 --> 00:09:12,166 但是 319 00:09:12,166 --> 00:09:14,333 咱还是保持原来的国债购买量 320 00:09:14,333 --> 00:09:15,100 意思就是说 321 00:09:15,100 --> 00:09:17,200 虽然我现在不是无底线的印钱了 322 00:09:17,200 --> 00:09:19,166 但是咱原来印多少 现在还印多少 323 00:09:19,166 --> 00:09:20,066 大家也别恐慌 324 00:09:20,066 --> 00:09:20,433 你看 325 00:09:20,433 --> 00:09:21,733 我那印钞机不还开着 326 00:09:21,733 --> 00:09:23,000 大家别卖国债 327 00:09:23,866 --> 00:09:25,899 这个其实也是为什么市场觉得 328 00:09:25,899 --> 00:09:28,399 央行这次紧缩力度非常小的一个原因 329 00:09:28,399 --> 00:09:31,199 所以它短期来看对日本政府借债的影响 330 00:09:31,200 --> 00:09:31,899 是非常有限的 331 00:09:31,899 --> 00:09:33,599 而且我再稍微补充一下 332 00:09:33,600 --> 00:09:34,666 因为有时候我看评论区 333 00:09:34,666 --> 00:09:35,999 感觉有些朋友还会有点误区 334 00:09:36,000 --> 00:09:38,099 加息它对政府的影响 335 00:09:38,100 --> 00:09:39,166 它是循序渐进的 336 00:09:39,166 --> 00:09:40,499 而不是突变的 337 00:09:40,500 --> 00:09:42,200 因为日本政府它已经借的钱 338 00:09:42,200 --> 00:09:43,166 这个利率就定了 339 00:09:43,166 --> 00:09:44,266 它是不会受加息影响 340 00:09:44,266 --> 00:09:46,366 只有加息之后新发行的国债 341 00:09:46,366 --> 00:09:47,433 它的利率才会变高 342 00:09:47,433 --> 00:09:49,866 而国债是在持续不断地发行更新的 343 00:09:49,866 --> 00:09:51,633 所以我们才会说加息的影响 344 00:09:51,633 --> 00:09:53,266 实际上是在一点一点 345 00:09:53,266 --> 00:09:55,299 随着这个新国债的比例越来越高 346 00:09:55,299 --> 00:09:56,299 而慢慢体现出来 347 00:09:56,299 --> 00:09:58,733 短期内就算日本央行抽风了 348 00:09:58,733 --> 00:10:00,033 一下把利率调到20% 349 00:10:00,033 --> 00:10:02,466 也不会说日本政府第二天就躺那破产了的 350 00:10:02,466 --> 00:10:03,233 好 我们接着说 351 00:10:03,233 --> 00:10:05,833 加息它除了让政府的借贷成本变高了 352 00:10:05,833 --> 00:10:08,200 其实也让经济体当中的消费者 353 00:10:08,200 --> 00:10:10,433 或者是公司的借贷成本也跟着变高了 354 00:10:11,399 --> 00:10:14,066 日本大概有超过50万个僵尸企业 355 00:10:14,066 --> 00:10:15,033 它们一直以来 356 00:10:15,033 --> 00:10:17,066 都靠着几乎是零息的贷款活着 357 00:10:17,066 --> 00:10:18,200 这利率一旦变高 358 00:10:18,200 --> 00:10:19,733 它们可能就会遇到很大的麻烦 359 00:10:19,733 --> 00:10:20,500 你看这次央行 360 00:10:20,500 --> 00:10:23,133 虽然说我们要继续买国债 买政府的债券 361 00:10:23,133 --> 00:10:26,166 但企业这边它可没说 它基本就撒手不管 362 00:10:26,166 --> 00:10:27,933 就很有可能会迎来一小波 363 00:10:27,933 --> 00:10:30,366 日本国内那些不太行的公司的倒闭潮 364 00:10:30,366 --> 00:10:32,500 这个影响从底层来说也是加息 365 00:10:32,500 --> 00:10:33,933 它最基础 也是最广泛的 366 00:10:33,933 --> 00:10:35,899 就是抑制日本的经济活力 367 00:10:35,899 --> 00:10:38,266 再严重点可能会引发一些信用危机 368 00:10:38,266 --> 00:10:39,899 不过加息对一个产业 369 00:10:39,899 --> 00:10:41,699 对金融业来说它是利好 370 00:10:41,700 --> 00:10:43,799 因为银行是非常讨厌低利率的 371 00:10:43,799 --> 00:10:45,099 你利率得高一点 372 00:10:45,100 --> 00:10:47,200 它潜在的利润率才能有空间 373 00:10:47,200 --> 00:10:48,233 原来都负的了 374 00:10:48,233 --> 00:10:49,233 日本的各大财团 375 00:10:49,233 --> 00:10:50,933 它的利润空间就被挤压得非常小 376 00:10:50,933 --> 00:10:53,433 加息之后不光说银行会更有油水了 377 00:10:53,433 --> 00:10:55,833 整个金融系统都会被激发起来 378 00:10:56,700 --> 00:10:58,966 那加息对日本股市的影响呢 379 00:10:58,966 --> 00:11:01,133 那就是未知X了 380 00:11:01,133 --> 00:11:02,933 一方面当然我们说资本回流 381 00:11:03,000 --> 00:11:04,099 通胀回归正常 382 00:11:04,100 --> 00:11:05,466 可能是对日本股市的利好 383 00:11:05,466 --> 00:11:07,733 反过来加息这边有抑制经济 384 00:11:07,733 --> 00:11:08,899 它对估值的影响 385 00:11:08,899 --> 00:11:11,166 包括日元走强对出口的影响这些 386 00:11:11,166 --> 00:11:11,899 那就是利空 387 00:11:11,899 --> 00:11:13,199 所以叠加起来 388 00:11:13,200 --> 00:11:14,100 就说不准了 389 00:11:15,133 --> 00:11:15,999 好 说到这儿 390 00:11:16,000 --> 00:11:18,266 我今天天马行空的说了一堆加息 391 00:11:18,266 --> 00:11:19,266 可能潜在的影响 392 00:11:19,266 --> 00:11:20,533 它是加息的影响 393 00:11:20,533 --> 00:11:22,699 并不只是这加0.1%息的影响 394 00:11:22,700 --> 00:11:24,933 老实说这个0.1%那 395 00:11:24,933 --> 00:11:25,799 就洒洒水了 396 00:11:25,799 --> 00:11:27,233 我们刚刚说的那些 397 00:11:27,233 --> 00:11:29,833 它是日本央行如果持续加息 398 00:11:29,833 --> 00:11:31,033 可能产生的一些连锁反应 399 00:11:31,033 --> 00:11:32,766 你就看最近日元疲软 400 00:11:32,933 --> 00:11:34,099 其实它最主要的因素 401 00:11:34,100 --> 00:11:35,733 是美国那边出现的变化 402 00:11:35,733 --> 00:11:36,799 通胀抬头 403 00:11:36,799 --> 00:11:38,766 美联储今年降不降息都说不准了 404 00:11:38,766 --> 00:11:40,299 美债收益率又开始提高 405 00:11:40,299 --> 00:11:42,733 所以你看就是日本这边龟速加息 406 00:11:42,733 --> 00:11:44,200 美国那边降息又受阻 407 00:11:44,200 --> 00:11:46,133 对投资人来说这两边的利差 408 00:11:46,133 --> 00:11:48,199 很有可能会再持续很长一段时间 409 00:11:48,200 --> 00:11:49,899 那套套息交易 410 00:11:49,899 --> 00:11:51,699 就是做空日元买美元 411 00:11:51,700 --> 00:11:53,466 可能在很长一段时间都还是会有油水 412 00:11:53,466 --> 00:11:56,433 大家就玩命抓紧最后这个窗口去做空日元 413 00:11:56,433 --> 00:11:59,033 甚至顶着日本央行可能会随时入场 414 00:11:59,033 --> 00:12:00,199 给日元托底的风险 415 00:12:00,200 --> 00:12:01,766 这就导致了乍看起来 416 00:12:01,766 --> 00:12:03,633 可能会非常匪夷所思的一个现象 417 00:12:03,633 --> 00:12:04,899 日元这边加息 418 00:12:05,133 --> 00:12:06,433 市场偏偏猛猛做空它 419 00:12:06,433 --> 00:12:09,499 以至于今年4月份的时候做空日元的空头 420 00:12:09,500 --> 00:12:11,766 竟然达到了2007年以来的最高点 421 00:12:11,766 --> 00:12:13,666 至于美国那边是什么情况呢 422 00:12:13,666 --> 00:12:15,266 现在事态还不太明朗 423 00:12:15,266 --> 00:12:16,266 就是比较混沌 424 00:12:16,266 --> 00:12:17,533 等时机成熟了 425 00:12:17,533 --> 00:12:19,233 咱们也可以再聊聊美国 28111

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