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1
00:00:42,752 --> 00:00:44,336
[Tray]
Ella, I know you wanna say it.
2
00:00:44,462 --> 00:00:45,671
Go ahead.
3
00:00:45,796 --> 00:00:47,173
[Ella]
I'm not gonna say it.
4
00:00:47,298 --> 00:00:48,090
But you wanna?
5
00:00:48,215 --> 00:00:49,091
Yeah, I do.
6
00:00:49,216 --> 00:00:50,509
I know. Go ahead.
7
00:00:50,634 --> 00:00:51,969
I told you so.
8
00:00:52,094 --> 00:00:53,846
See? Always with
the "I told you so."
9
00:00:53,971 --> 00:00:56,348
'Cause I told you so!
[Ella laughing]
10
00:00:56,474 --> 00:00:58,267
You's right this time.
11
00:00:58,392 --> 00:00:59,685
Uh, what you mean,
"this time"?
12
00:00:59,810 --> 00:01:01,520
I'm always right.
13
00:01:01,645 --> 00:01:03,481
[Tray] Aight, aight, I got you.
Calm down, calm down.
14
00:01:03,606 --> 00:01:05,274
[Ella] Aight, so get your
little candy or whatever.
15
00:01:05,399 --> 00:01:07,109
- And call me back.
- [Tray] Aight.
16
00:01:11,655 --> 00:01:12,490
[cashier] Hey.
17
00:01:17,495 --> 00:01:19,121
3.50.
18
00:01:29,673 --> 00:01:31,175
[rain falling]
19
00:01:45,856 --> 00:01:47,399
[Tray] Like, I don't know,
some...
20
00:01:47,525 --> 00:01:49,235
Oh, oh, oh... You know,
like, breakfast.
21
00:01:49,360 --> 00:01:51,028
- [Ella] Okay, breakfast.
- [Tray] I like me some eggs...
22
00:01:51,153 --> 00:01:53,197
You like grits, berries.
I got you.
23
00:01:53,322 --> 00:01:55,658
You got me? I don't know if
I want... You like berries?
24
00:01:55,783 --> 00:01:57,243
What, you be eating berries
with pancakes?
25
00:01:57,368 --> 00:01:58,619
Yeah, I eat berries
with pancakes.
26
00:01:58,744 --> 00:02:00,454
Like blueberry pancakes.
They're so bomb.
27
00:02:00,579 --> 00:02:02,248
[Tray] See, okay, okay.
We've gotta have fun.
28
00:02:02,373 --> 00:02:04,041
We gotta do our own thing.
I feel like...
29
00:02:04,166 --> 00:02:06,252
We gotta do our own thing.
It's gonna be amazing.
30
00:02:06,377 --> 00:02:07,419
I'm really excited...
31
00:02:07,545 --> 00:02:08,587
[soft music]
32
00:02:08,712 --> 00:02:11,298
[Ella continues indistinctly]
33
00:02:15,803 --> 00:02:17,388
- Tray?
- Hey, I think...
34
00:02:17,513 --> 00:02:19,807
I think this car's following me.
35
00:02:19,932 --> 00:02:22,226
What? For real?
36
00:02:22,351 --> 00:02:24,270
[Tray] It keeps looping
around the block.
37
00:02:24,395 --> 00:02:28,399
Dang. Try goin' another way.
38
00:02:28,524 --> 00:02:29,900
Call me when you get home, okay?
39
00:02:30,025 --> 00:02:30,985
All right.
40
00:03:00,514 --> 00:03:01,640
Mama?
41
00:03:10,858 --> 00:03:12,067
Mama?
42
00:03:16,447 --> 00:03:17,907
Afternoon.
43
00:03:21,619 --> 00:03:28,000
Afternoon.
Are you sleeping or kinda?
44
00:03:28,125 --> 00:03:29,251
Kinda.
45
00:03:32,463 --> 00:03:34,048
Hey, Sleeping Beauty.
46
00:03:37,009 --> 00:03:39,803
- Hello.
- Hey. Hi. Hi.
47
00:03:43,265 --> 00:03:46,226
Want to sit up? Sit up.
48
00:03:46,352 --> 00:03:48,729
There you go. All right.
49
00:03:48,854 --> 00:03:50,314
Come on, one more time.
50
00:03:50,439 --> 00:03:52,691
- That's good. That's good.
- Okay.
51
00:03:52,816 --> 00:03:56,111
- Okay.
- How's that?
52
00:03:56,236 --> 00:03:57,947
Yeah. There we go.
53
00:03:58,072 --> 00:03:59,698
Sweetie with you?
54
00:03:59,823 --> 00:04:02,952
He's bringing the trash
around back.
55
00:04:03,077 --> 00:04:05,663
Ah, yeah, garbage day.
56
00:04:05,788 --> 00:04:09,083
Everything in its right place.
57
00:04:09,208 --> 00:04:11,794
Of course you know how to do it,
58
00:04:11,919 --> 00:04:14,254
but you don't have to do it,
not while I'm here.
59
00:04:14,380 --> 00:04:17,216
Don't take my job from me, please.
60
00:04:17,341 --> 00:04:19,551
There's only so much joy left
for me in this world,
61
00:04:19,677 --> 00:04:22,554
you gotta let me have it now.
62
00:04:22,680 --> 00:04:24,014
Okay.
63
00:04:27,476 --> 00:04:28,519
You ready?
64
00:04:35,943 --> 00:04:36,986
Come here.
65
00:04:44,618 --> 00:04:45,869
Okay.
66
00:04:45,995 --> 00:04:48,998
Go slow, okay? Come on.
67
00:04:49,123 --> 00:04:52,126
I got you. Okay.
68
00:04:52,251 --> 00:04:54,878
[Mama] Could you tell me how
many apartments there are in...
69
00:04:55,004 --> 00:04:57,131
[man] We have 200 units.
70
00:04:57,256 --> 00:04:58,966
- [Mama] 200, okay.
- [man] 200 units.
71
00:04:59,091 --> 00:04:59,925
[Mama] And everything...
72
00:05:00,050 --> 00:05:01,510
Kitchen, full kitchen...
73
00:05:01,635 --> 00:05:03,637
Full kitchen and...
Yeah, that's...
74
00:05:03,762 --> 00:05:05,180
Well, everyone looks
really nice.
75
00:05:05,305 --> 00:05:09,101
- Yes. It's a great group.
- You know, Mr. Mayhew,
76
00:05:09,226 --> 00:05:11,645
my husband was
a Tuskegee Airman.
77
00:05:11,770 --> 00:05:14,398
Fought for America
in World War II.
78
00:05:14,523 --> 00:05:16,066
Oh.
79
00:05:16,191 --> 00:05:19,570
Oh, this is a gym here, yeah?
80
00:05:19,695 --> 00:05:22,114
Beautiful, open 24 hours.
81
00:05:37,421 --> 00:05:39,173
Oh, thank you.
82
00:05:42,176 --> 00:05:43,260
Thank you.
83
00:05:46,472 --> 00:05:47,347
[sighs]
84
00:05:54,188 --> 00:05:57,024
So, um, you've got
a really nice kitchen.
85
00:06:02,654 --> 00:06:05,783
Hey.
86
00:06:05,908 --> 00:06:10,996
- At least there's good light.
- Mmm. Yeah.
87
00:06:11,121 --> 00:06:12,790
[sighing]
88
00:06:17,377 --> 00:06:19,630
Look at that cloud.
89
00:06:19,755 --> 00:06:24,676
I see a swimming pool
with boys jumping in.
90
00:06:24,802 --> 00:06:27,888
- Where?
- There. Look.
91
00:06:28,013 --> 00:06:29,223
There's the arms.
92
00:06:29,348 --> 00:06:33,352
Oh, yeah, I see it.
I see it. I see it.
93
00:06:33,477 --> 00:06:37,606
They're a Little League team,
just won the big game,
94
00:06:37,731 --> 00:06:40,651
celebrating and having a ball.
[chuckling]
95
00:06:40,776 --> 00:06:42,027
See the splashes?
96
00:06:42,152 --> 00:06:43,946
[laughing]
97
00:06:44,071 --> 00:06:45,322
[Isabel] Mama.
98
00:06:45,447 --> 00:06:47,866
Little League team. Splashes.
99
00:06:47,991 --> 00:06:49,868
[laughing]
100
00:06:49,993 --> 00:06:51,286
It's true.
101
00:06:54,790 --> 00:06:57,709
You and your imagination.
102
00:06:57,835 --> 00:07:00,337
[soft music]
103
00:07:06,218 --> 00:07:09,304
You gonna be all right?
104
00:07:09,429 --> 00:07:11,265
[heavy sigh]
105
00:07:11,390 --> 00:07:13,767
Yes.
106
00:07:13,892 --> 00:07:15,853
I'm gonna be all right, honey.
107
00:07:19,189 --> 00:07:21,400
I'm going to be all right.
108
00:07:21,525 --> 00:07:22,734
Okay.
109
00:07:29,575 --> 00:07:32,411
If anybody can maneuver,
it's your ma.
110
00:07:32,536 --> 00:07:35,289
Okay?
What's she say all the time?
111
00:07:35,414 --> 00:07:38,125
"My husband was
a Tuskegee Airman."
112
00:07:38,250 --> 00:07:39,710
[both chuckling]
113
00:07:39,835 --> 00:07:41,795
Listen, I know
keeping elders at home
114
00:07:41,920 --> 00:07:43,797
is supposed to be a noble
thing and all,
115
00:07:43,922 --> 00:07:45,757
but there's something
to be said
116
00:07:45,883 --> 00:07:48,302
for keeping her as independent
as she can be.
117
00:07:48,427 --> 00:07:51,930
- Where'd you find them?
- Next to the lamp.
118
00:07:52,055 --> 00:07:54,183
Under a scarf
with the ringer off.
119
00:07:54,308 --> 00:07:56,018
[Isabel] Ugh...
120
00:07:56,143 --> 00:07:58,770
[Brett] You've got to use the hook.
That is what it is there for.
121
00:07:58,896 --> 00:08:00,689
Is that Mr. Brett?
122
00:08:00,814 --> 00:08:03,275
- Oh!
- [Isabel] Ready to go out?
123
00:08:03,400 --> 00:08:05,485
Is this Marion? How's Teddy?
124
00:08:05,611 --> 00:08:07,988
You know, working my nerves,
but what else is new?
125
00:08:08,113 --> 00:08:10,449
[laughing]
126
00:08:10,574 --> 00:08:13,827
- You need some paper towels?
- Yeah.
127
00:08:13,952 --> 00:08:15,871
Let's not miss this flight, okay?
128
00:08:19,249 --> 00:08:21,835
I love you. Please be safe, okay?
129
00:08:21,960 --> 00:08:22,920
Okay.
130
00:08:28,217 --> 00:08:29,927
You got your boarding pass?
131
00:08:34,223 --> 00:08:36,225
- I knew you had that.
- Yeah, you knew it, huh?
132
00:08:36,350 --> 00:08:37,601
- You got it.
- Bye.
133
00:08:37,726 --> 00:08:38,727
Bye, baby.
134
00:08:46,652 --> 00:08:50,489
[pensive music]
135
00:09:04,253 --> 00:09:07,130
[Isabel] The shipyard owners
of Blohm & Voss
136
00:09:07,256 --> 00:09:10,092
gather for a ceremony
celebrating the company's
137
00:09:10,217 --> 00:09:14,221
new 295-foot vessel.
138
00:09:14,346 --> 00:09:17,391
[men shouting]
139
00:09:17,516 --> 00:09:19,309
Adopted by the Nazis,
140
00:09:19,434 --> 00:09:22,688
a "heil" salute was mandatory
for German citizens.
141
00:09:22,813 --> 00:09:24,523
[speaking German]
142
00:09:24,648 --> 00:09:26,650
But if you look closely,
143
00:09:26,775 --> 00:09:31,613
you'll find someone
who defied this.
144
00:09:31,738 --> 00:09:35,909
His name is believed
to be August Landmesser.
145
00:09:36,034 --> 00:09:40,205
He had joined the Nazi Party
two years before this day,
146
00:09:40,330 --> 00:09:42,249
but in that time,
147
00:09:42,374 --> 00:09:45,002
August met and fell in love
with a woman
148
00:09:45,127 --> 00:09:48,964
unlike any he'd ever met.
149
00:09:49,089 --> 00:09:54,177
Unlike any he was supposed
to have met.
150
00:09:54,303 --> 00:09:56,680
Irma Eckler.
151
00:09:56,805 --> 00:09:58,181
A Jewish woman.
152
00:10:00,600 --> 00:10:03,020
[both chuckling]
153
00:10:03,145 --> 00:10:05,731
[speaking German] An unexpected treat.
You're early.
154
00:10:05,856 --> 00:10:07,607
I'm a surprise.
155
00:10:07,733 --> 00:10:09,568
That you are.
156
00:10:09,693 --> 00:10:10,944
A handsome one.
157
00:10:14,740 --> 00:10:17,576
[in English] Although a member
of the dominant class,
158
00:10:17,701 --> 00:10:23,832
August saw in Irma what others
like him chose not to see.
159
00:10:26,376 --> 00:10:30,213
Her humanity, her beauty,
160
00:10:30,339 --> 00:10:31,631
her love.
161
00:10:35,719 --> 00:10:38,263
On this day,
162
00:10:38,388 --> 00:10:41,224
he folded his arms
163
00:10:41,350 --> 00:10:48,648
rather than salute a regime
that deemed that love illegal.
164
00:10:48,774 --> 00:10:52,069
On this day, he was brave.
165
00:10:55,030 --> 00:10:59,076
He couldn't have been the only
one who felt something tragic
166
00:10:59,201 --> 00:11:01,578
was happening.
167
00:11:01,703 --> 00:11:05,332
So why was he the only one
among the men
168
00:11:05,457 --> 00:11:08,502
to not go along that day?
169
00:11:08,627 --> 00:11:11,713
Perhaps we can reflect
on what it would mean
170
00:11:11,838 --> 00:11:14,424
to be him today.
171
00:11:18,136 --> 00:11:21,723
I'll leave you with that.
172
00:11:21,848 --> 00:11:23,058
Thank you.
173
00:11:23,183 --> 00:11:25,310
[applause]
174
00:11:32,150 --> 00:11:33,193
- Good luck.
- Thank you.
175
00:11:33,318 --> 00:11:36,321
Bye.
176
00:11:36,446 --> 00:11:37,906
Let me get this.
177
00:11:38,031 --> 00:11:41,159
[woman speaking at the podium]
178
00:11:41,284 --> 00:11:42,411
- Thank you.
- Thank you.
179
00:11:42,536 --> 00:11:44,496
- Water?
- I'm fine. Thank you so much.
180
00:11:47,374 --> 00:11:49,793
Thank you.
181
00:11:49,918 --> 00:11:52,087
Isabel, Isabel. Hey!
182
00:11:52,212 --> 00:11:53,880
Amari!
[laughing]
183
00:11:54,005 --> 00:11:55,799
I didn't know you were speaking.
184
00:11:55,924 --> 00:11:57,426
No, no, no, one of my reporters is.
185
00:11:57,551 --> 00:11:59,219
Hey, can you guys give me
a minute? Okay.
186
00:11:59,344 --> 00:12:01,680
- You were solid.
- Uh...
187
00:12:01,805 --> 00:12:03,140
- Nice work.
- I am a better writer
188
00:12:03,265 --> 00:12:04,558
than I am a speaker.
189
00:12:04,683 --> 00:12:05,934
Yeah, well,
you're a better writer
190
00:12:06,059 --> 00:12:07,644
than most people do anything.
191
00:12:07,769 --> 00:12:11,148
So, listen, I was gonna reach
out to you on something.
192
00:12:11,273 --> 00:12:14,901
So I'm gonna take
seeing you as a sign.
193
00:12:15,026 --> 00:12:18,238
This... This Trayvon Martin
case.
194
00:12:18,363 --> 00:12:19,531
[heavy sigh]
195
00:12:19,656 --> 00:12:21,491
- I know.
- Have you heard the tapes?
196
00:12:21,616 --> 00:12:23,118
No. Of what?
197
00:12:25,412 --> 00:12:27,164
Not the murder?
198
00:12:27,289 --> 00:12:29,332
911 calls.
This killer called 911
199
00:12:29,458 --> 00:12:31,001
before he did it.
200
00:12:31,126 --> 00:12:33,545
And tapes of people that heard
the boy screaming out
201
00:12:33,670 --> 00:12:34,880
and called the police.
202
00:12:37,549 --> 00:12:39,676
- Is this public?
- No.
203
00:12:39,801 --> 00:12:40,969
But it's being released.
204
00:12:41,094 --> 00:12:43,221
Slowly.
205
00:12:43,346 --> 00:12:45,807
But we got him.
206
00:12:45,932 --> 00:12:47,350
Are you interested in listening,
207
00:12:47,476 --> 00:12:49,561
to consider writing
something for us?
208
00:12:52,939 --> 00:12:53,982
[scoffs]
209
00:12:54,107 --> 00:12:57,527
Amari, you have a stable
of writers.
210
00:12:57,652 --> 00:12:59,988
They don't have Pulitzer Prizes.
211
00:13:00,113 --> 00:13:01,907
Some of them do, actually.
212
00:13:02,032 --> 00:13:04,701
Yeah, well, then they're not
as brilliant as you
213
00:13:04,826 --> 00:13:07,621
on things like this.
214
00:13:07,746 --> 00:13:10,665
- You know what I do.
- Yeah, and I know what you used to do.
215
00:13:10,790 --> 00:13:12,709
Some of the best reporting
I've ever edited.
216
00:13:12,834 --> 00:13:14,252
I write books now.
217
00:13:14,377 --> 00:13:17,464
So, that one book you wrote
took way too damn long.
218
00:13:17,589 --> 00:13:21,343
It was a masterpiece
and whatnot, but...
219
00:13:21,468 --> 00:13:26,306
it took too long, Isabel,
if you ask me. Writers write.
220
00:13:26,431 --> 00:13:27,807
So write.
221
00:13:32,812 --> 00:13:36,942
I don't do assignments anymore.
I...
222
00:13:37,067 --> 00:13:40,278
I wanna be in the story.
223
00:13:40,403 --> 00:13:45,700
Really inside the story.
224
00:13:45,825 --> 00:13:48,453
And, yes, that takes time.
225
00:13:48,578 --> 00:13:51,081
Okay.
226
00:13:51,206 --> 00:13:52,916
Maybe after you hear the tapes.
227
00:13:53,041 --> 00:13:54,709
I'm gonna send them to you.
228
00:13:54,834 --> 00:13:56,962
- Okay.
- Okay. No pressure.
229
00:14:51,141 --> 00:14:52,392
[clears throat]
230
00:14:56,521 --> 00:14:59,482
[pensive music]
231
00:15:02,235 --> 00:15:03,737
[sighs]
232
00:15:16,666 --> 00:15:20,462
Sanford Police Department.
Is there a report of the shots?
233
00:15:20,587 --> 00:15:22,797
[caller] Hey, we've had some
break-ins in my neighbourhood.
234
00:15:22,922 --> 00:15:27,802
And there's a real
suspicious guy, uh...
235
00:15:27,927 --> 00:15:30,472
This guy looks like
he is up to no good,
236
00:15:30,597 --> 00:15:32,432
or he's on drugs or something.
237
00:15:32,557 --> 00:15:34,017
[officer] Okay, he's just
walking around the area...
238
00:15:34,142 --> 00:15:35,477
[caller]
Looking at all the houses.
239
00:15:35,602 --> 00:15:38,063
It's raining
and he's just walking around,
240
00:15:38,188 --> 00:15:40,065
- looking about.
- [officer] Okay.
241
00:15:42,609 --> 00:15:44,194
[caller]
And he's a Black male.
242
00:15:49,532 --> 00:15:51,451
Now he's just staring at me.
243
00:15:53,870 --> 00:15:55,580
[officer] Did you see
what he was wearing?
244
00:15:55,705 --> 00:15:58,625
[caller] Yeah, a dark hoodie,
like, a gray hoodie,
245
00:15:58,750 --> 00:16:02,587
and either jeans or sweatpants,
and white tennis shoes.
246
00:16:09,427 --> 00:16:11,471
- Shit, he's running.
- [officer] He's running?
247
00:16:11,596 --> 00:16:13,640
Which way is he running?
248
00:16:13,765 --> 00:16:17,727
[caller] Down towards the other
entrance to the neighbourhood.
249
00:16:17,852 --> 00:16:22,065
These assholes,
they always get away.
250
00:16:22,190 --> 00:16:24,234
[officer]
Are you following him?
251
00:16:24,359 --> 00:16:27,028
- Yeah.
- Okay, we don't need you to do that.
252
00:16:27,153 --> 00:16:28,238
Okay?
253
00:16:33,284 --> 00:16:35,412
All right, sir,
what is your name?
254
00:16:35,537 --> 00:16:36,788
George.
255
00:16:36,913 --> 00:16:40,041
He ran.
256
00:16:40,166 --> 00:16:42,544
[officer] All right, George,
what's your last name?
257
00:16:42,669 --> 00:16:45,422
Zimmerman.
258
00:16:45,547 --> 00:16:47,549
[officer 2] 911. Do you
need police, fire or medical?
259
00:16:47,674 --> 00:16:51,344
[woman] Maybe both, I'm not sure.
There's just someone screaming outside.
260
00:16:51,469 --> 00:16:53,096
[screaming]
261
00:16:53,221 --> 00:16:54,889
[officer 2] Okay, what's
the address that they're near?
262
00:16:55,014 --> 00:16:56,474
[woman]
1211 Twin Trees Lane.
263
00:16:56,599 --> 00:16:58,893
[officer 2]
And is it a male or female?
264
00:16:59,018 --> 00:17:01,938
- It sounds like a male.
- And you don't know why?
265
00:17:02,063 --> 00:17:04,149
I don't know why.
I think they're yelling "help,"
266
00:17:04,274 --> 00:17:05,984
but I don't know.
267
00:17:06,109 --> 00:17:08,987
[screaming]
268
00:17:09,112 --> 00:17:10,864
[officer 2] So you think
he's yelling "help"?
269
00:17:10,989 --> 00:17:12,282
[woman] Yes.
270
00:17:12,407 --> 00:17:14,451
I can't see him.
I don't want to go out there,
271
00:17:14,576 --> 00:17:16,578
I don't know what's going on,
so...
272
00:17:16,703 --> 00:17:18,413
[gunshot]
273
00:17:18,538 --> 00:17:21,124
Just... gunshots.
274
00:17:21,249 --> 00:17:23,626
- You just heard gunshots?
- Yes.
275
00:17:23,752 --> 00:17:26,087
- How many?
- Just one.
276
00:17:30,592 --> 00:17:33,386
[officer 2] Is he right outside
1211 Twin Trees Lane?
277
00:17:33,511 --> 00:17:35,805
[woman] Yeah, pretty much.
Out the back, yes.
278
00:17:45,565 --> 00:17:48,193
[heavy breathing]
279
00:18:15,136 --> 00:18:19,474
[soft piano music]
280
00:18:19,599 --> 00:18:21,976
- Good to see you.
- Thank you. You too.
281
00:18:22,101 --> 00:18:24,312
Hi.
282
00:18:24,437 --> 00:18:25,396
- Hey.
- Hi!
283
00:18:25,522 --> 00:18:27,106
Looking gorgeous.
284
00:18:27,232 --> 00:18:29,192
- Oh, Brett. How are you?
- Hi. Yeah. How are you?
285
00:18:29,317 --> 00:18:31,277
- You well? Great to see you.
- Okay, and you.
286
00:18:31,402 --> 00:18:32,904
He's wearing that tux very well.
287
00:18:33,029 --> 00:18:34,322
- Very well.
- [chuckling]
288
00:18:34,447 --> 00:18:35,949
- He can hear you.
- [Brett] Well, he can.
289
00:18:36,074 --> 00:18:37,909
But he's grateful, thank you.
290
00:18:38,034 --> 00:18:39,410
- Hi.
- Hello.
291
00:18:39,536 --> 00:18:43,331
Amari Selvan asked me twice
if you were coming.
292
00:18:43,456 --> 00:18:45,333
He wants something
for the paper.
293
00:18:45,458 --> 00:18:47,460
He's made that very clear.
294
00:18:47,585 --> 00:18:50,171
You interested? We can time it
with the audiobook.
295
00:18:50,296 --> 00:18:52,340
[indistinct talking]
296
00:18:57,387 --> 00:18:58,555
Did you listen?
297
00:19:01,516 --> 00:19:05,228
Yeah. Yeah.
298
00:19:05,353 --> 00:19:06,396
It's a lot.
299
00:19:06,521 --> 00:19:08,106
- Yeah.
- It's a lot.
300
00:19:08,231 --> 00:19:10,942
There's a lot there.
But longer-form stuff,
301
00:19:11,067 --> 00:19:12,694
questions that I don't have
the answer to.
302
00:19:12,819 --> 00:19:14,112
So ask them in a piece.
303
00:19:14,237 --> 00:19:18,992
I don't write questions.
I write answers.
304
00:19:19,117 --> 00:19:21,035
Questions like what?
305
00:19:21,160 --> 00:19:24,372
Like why does a Latino man
deputize himself
306
00:19:24,497 --> 00:19:28,960
to stalk a Black boy to protect
an all-white community?
307
00:19:29,085 --> 00:19:31,087
- What is that?
- The racist bias I want you to explore,
308
00:19:31,212 --> 00:19:32,964
excavate for the readers.
309
00:19:33,089 --> 00:19:37,010
We call everything "racism."
What does it even mean anymore?
310
00:19:37,135 --> 00:19:40,263
It's the default.
When did that happen?
311
00:19:40,388 --> 00:19:41,931
- Hey, Brett.
- How are you doing?
312
00:19:42,056 --> 00:19:44,434
So, what? So you're saying
that he isn't a racist?
313
00:19:44,559 --> 00:19:46,352
No, I'm not saying
that he's not a racist.
314
00:19:46,477 --> 00:19:50,189
I'm questioning,
why is everything racist?
315
00:19:50,315 --> 00:19:52,775
- This feels like a setup.
- I've been there.
316
00:19:52,901 --> 00:19:54,068
[chuckling]
317
00:19:59,324 --> 00:20:01,159
[Isabel] Okay.
318
00:20:01,284 --> 00:20:02,911
- Home ownership.
- [Amari] Okay.
319
00:20:03,036 --> 00:20:04,787
Covenants were written
into land deeds
320
00:20:04,913 --> 00:20:07,373
barring Black people
from having wills.
321
00:20:07,498 --> 00:20:09,542
No generational wealth allowed.
322
00:20:09,667 --> 00:20:11,669
We could not pass
on what we earned
323
00:20:11,794 --> 00:20:14,422
to our kids
for almost 500 years.
324
00:20:14,547 --> 00:20:16,341
Every time,
we'd have to start from zero.
325
00:20:16,466 --> 00:20:20,845
So, if we are not allowed
to pass on the fruits
326
00:20:20,970 --> 00:20:23,056
of our labour to our family,
327
00:20:23,181 --> 00:20:27,143
is that the same racism
that took Trayvon's life?
328
00:20:27,268 --> 00:20:30,438
Systemic racism. Yes, same.
329
00:20:30,563 --> 00:20:32,523
Are you sure?
330
00:20:32,649 --> 00:20:34,484
Are you sure?
331
00:20:34,609 --> 00:20:36,277
What does it mean?
332
00:20:36,402 --> 00:20:38,196
Murders of Black people
by the police,
333
00:20:38,321 --> 00:20:40,114
we call that racism.
334
00:20:40,239 --> 00:20:42,200
- Everything's the same.
- I get it.
335
00:20:42,325 --> 00:20:43,660
Being followed
in a department store
336
00:20:43,785 --> 00:20:45,578
and being lynched shouldn't
be called the same thing,
337
00:20:45,703 --> 00:20:49,958
- I get that.
- Racism as the primary language
338
00:20:50,083 --> 00:20:53,711
to understand everything
339
00:20:53,836 --> 00:20:55,213
is insufficient.
340
00:20:55,338 --> 00:20:56,881
- [Amari] See, this is good.
- That's all.
341
00:20:57,006 --> 00:20:58,800
This is good.
342
00:20:58,925 --> 00:21:01,469
Look, I need a piece delving
into what the Martin case means.
343
00:21:01,594 --> 00:21:03,721
Set the context
with these questions,
344
00:21:03,846 --> 00:21:05,306
it's what you do best.
345
00:21:05,431 --> 00:21:07,934
Make the hard stuff digestible.
And this is a hard one.
346
00:21:08,059 --> 00:21:10,520
"What does it all mean?"
347
00:21:10,645 --> 00:21:13,189
These questions are the piece.
348
00:21:13,314 --> 00:21:15,608
Hey, I'll make it splashy,
prime placement, Sunday.
349
00:21:15,733 --> 00:21:17,110
- Maybe even the cover.
- You're terrible.
350
00:21:17,235 --> 00:21:18,277
You're terrible, Amari.
351
00:21:18,403 --> 00:21:20,488
I'm just saying.
Your face on the cover?
352
00:21:25,159 --> 00:21:27,453
There's a lot there.
There's a lot there.
353
00:21:27,578 --> 00:21:29,163
But I am on hiatus.
354
00:21:29,288 --> 00:21:31,708
- Isabel, come on. Come on.
- I am. I am.
355
00:21:31,833 --> 00:21:34,293
I... I have family
responsibilities.
356
00:21:37,880 --> 00:21:39,716
Well...
357
00:21:39,841 --> 00:21:42,885
[Amari] Well, good for you
for taking time.
358
00:21:43,011 --> 00:21:44,595
- We'll talk again.
- All right.
359
00:21:44,721 --> 00:21:46,639
Hey, you two take care,
all right?
360
00:21:46,764 --> 00:21:50,435
Good to see you. All right.
361
00:21:50,560 --> 00:21:52,228
- I don't like this.
- Okay.
362
00:21:52,353 --> 00:21:53,855
Okay. Okay.
363
00:21:53,980 --> 00:21:55,773
[laughing]
364
00:21:55,898 --> 00:21:56,983
[man speaking on TV]
365
00:21:57,108 --> 00:21:58,359
- [contestant] I don't...
- She's wrong.
366
00:21:58,484 --> 00:22:00,111
She just said
the only movie she knows.
367
00:22:00,236 --> 00:22:01,279
[TV continues]
368
00:22:01,404 --> 00:22:04,866
Oh, she deserves
to lose that money.
369
00:22:04,991 --> 00:22:07,827
...speak to an issue that
obviously has gotten a lot of attention
370
00:22:07,952 --> 00:22:09,620
over the course
of the last week,
371
00:22:09,746 --> 00:22:12,331
the issue of the Trayvon Martin
ruling.
372
00:22:12,457 --> 00:22:13,708
I gave a preliminary
statement...
373
00:22:13,833 --> 00:22:15,460
That poor child's mother.
374
00:22:15,585 --> 00:22:17,295
...right after
the ruling on Sunday.
375
00:22:17,420 --> 00:22:21,299
I wish he'd answered
the man right.
376
00:22:21,424 --> 00:22:22,800
What was that, Mama?
377
00:22:22,925 --> 00:22:25,887
I wish he had answered the man
378
00:22:26,012 --> 00:22:29,724
when he asked him why he was
there in the neighbourhood.
379
00:22:29,849 --> 00:22:32,685
Maybe he'd still be with us.
380
00:22:32,810 --> 00:22:35,188
Are you saying
it's the boy's fault?
381
00:22:35,313 --> 00:22:38,274
No, of course not,
don't be silly.
382
00:22:38,399 --> 00:22:44,238
I'm saying you got to act
in a way to keep you safe.
383
00:22:44,363 --> 00:22:47,033
He was...
384
00:22:47,158 --> 00:22:48,910
He was too young to know it.
385
00:22:49,035 --> 00:22:51,788
He shouldn't have had
to answer to anyone.
386
00:22:51,913 --> 00:22:54,874
"Should have" and real life
are two different things,
387
00:22:54,999 --> 00:22:57,502
darling, you know that.
388
00:22:57,627 --> 00:23:01,172
You can't be walking around
at night on a white street
389
00:23:01,297 --> 00:23:03,966
and not expect trouble.
390
00:23:04,092 --> 00:23:07,220
That's intimidating
to most whites.
391
00:23:07,345 --> 00:23:08,679
True or not?
392
00:23:16,562 --> 00:23:18,481
Yeah.
393
00:23:18,606 --> 00:23:22,819
Yeah. Unfortunately,
I think it is true.
394
00:23:22,944 --> 00:23:24,821
But I also think
that you can't live your life
395
00:23:24,946 --> 00:23:27,323
based on what's intimidating
to people.
396
00:23:32,620 --> 00:23:34,497
Sure you can, sweetie.
397
00:23:44,549 --> 00:23:46,425
[Brett]
So you're going on hiatus, huh,
398
00:23:46,551 --> 00:23:48,928
- is what you're doing?
- Huh?
399
00:23:49,053 --> 00:23:50,763
You told Amari you were
going on hiatus,
400
00:23:50,888 --> 00:23:54,267
you told me that you were gonna
be travelling less for work.
401
00:23:54,392 --> 00:23:56,435
So I'm just trying to figure out
what exactly it is
402
00:23:56,561 --> 00:23:58,896
that you're gonna do.
'Cause...
403
00:23:59,021 --> 00:24:01,732
I said I wanted to focus on her.
404
00:24:01,858 --> 00:24:04,152
Okay.
405
00:24:04,277 --> 00:24:08,698
People are asking you to write
because of your voice,
406
00:24:08,823 --> 00:24:11,200
because they...
the way you think.
407
00:24:11,325 --> 00:24:13,911
- I just... I don't know what you're doing.
- She...
408
00:24:14,036 --> 00:24:15,705
She doesn't belong
in that place.
409
00:24:15,830 --> 00:24:17,081
Oh, right.
410
00:24:17,206 --> 00:24:19,250
[Isabel]
She should be at home.
411
00:24:19,375 --> 00:24:22,503
She moved
because she was lonely.
412
00:24:22,628 --> 00:24:25,089
I should've spent
more time with her.
413
00:24:25,214 --> 00:24:27,008
Daddy would want me to fix this.
414
00:24:27,133 --> 00:24:29,093
Hmm.
415
00:24:29,218 --> 00:24:30,887
I think your father
was pretty clear
416
00:24:31,012 --> 00:24:33,014
that what he wanted
was for you to be happy,
417
00:24:33,139 --> 00:24:35,641
people to be happy.
418
00:24:35,766 --> 00:24:38,519
Sacrificing your work, well,
that's gonna accomplish exactly
419
00:24:38,644 --> 00:24:40,855
the opposite, so...
420
00:24:40,980 --> 00:24:42,940
Your mother was very clear
about what she wanted.
421
00:24:43,065 --> 00:24:44,734
It's not that, so...
422
00:24:59,498 --> 00:25:02,501
[soft music]
423
00:25:38,537 --> 00:25:43,125
- [man] I don't see it, Betty.
- Maybe it's checked out.
424
00:25:43,251 --> 00:25:44,961
[Isabel]
In 1933,
425
00:25:45,086 --> 00:25:50,216
two African-American anthropologists
were studying in Berlin.
426
00:25:50,341 --> 00:25:52,093
There are no books here
at all by him.
427
00:25:52,218 --> 00:25:55,054
At the premier library
in the city.
428
00:25:55,179 --> 00:25:58,724
The country.
429
00:25:58,849 --> 00:26:01,811
Beautiful library, though.
430
00:26:01,936 --> 00:26:04,981
I could get lost
in all these books forever.
431
00:26:05,106 --> 00:26:06,565
All these ideas.
432
00:26:06,691 --> 00:26:07,942
[laughing]
433
00:26:12,822 --> 00:26:15,741
[speaking German] Your library card.
434
00:26:15,866 --> 00:26:19,453
Good afternoon. Of course.
435
00:26:19,578 --> 00:26:20,997
And your passports.
436
00:26:33,884 --> 00:26:39,015
Can you tell us when Erich Maria Remarque's
'All Quiet on the Western Front' is due back?
437
00:26:47,732 --> 00:26:50,067
(heavy music)
438
00:27:07,251 --> 00:27:11,547
[in English] They witnessed events
that would change the world.
439
00:27:22,433 --> 00:27:23,434
Baby.
440
00:27:29,607 --> 00:27:32,610
Brett.
441
00:27:32,735 --> 00:27:35,738
[disturbing music]
442
00:27:48,417 --> 00:27:50,211
[no audible dialogue]
443
00:28:13,025 --> 00:28:17,571
[priest] By trade, Brett
Hamilton was a mathematician,
444
00:28:17,696 --> 00:28:20,783
a financial analyst.
445
00:28:20,908 --> 00:28:25,287
By heart,
he was a passionate champion
446
00:28:25,413 --> 00:28:28,499
for those he loved deeply.
447
00:28:28,624 --> 00:28:31,085
He played classical guitar,
448
00:28:31,210 --> 00:28:33,671
was an enthusiastic cook,
449
00:28:33,796 --> 00:28:35,798
and volunteered his time
and efforts
450
00:28:35,923 --> 00:28:38,509
to those less fortunate.
451
00:28:38,634 --> 00:28:41,720
In college,
he joined Phi Kappa Tau,
452
00:28:41,846 --> 00:28:43,305
Delta Chapter,
453
00:28:43,431 --> 00:28:46,809
and with his friends,
enjoyed caving trips,
454
00:28:46,934 --> 00:28:49,937
watching thunderstorms,
455
00:28:50,062 --> 00:28:53,149
and debating the big stuff.
456
00:28:53,274 --> 00:28:55,901
Recently, he travelled
extensively in Europe,
457
00:28:56,026 --> 00:29:00,281
accompanying his beloved
in her professional activities
458
00:29:00,406 --> 00:29:01,949
in the cause of social justice.
459
00:29:02,074 --> 00:29:05,119
I'm Mrs. Copeland
from across the street.
460
00:29:05,244 --> 00:29:06,662
How is Isabel?
461
00:29:06,787 --> 00:29:11,000
She's...
she's resting right now.
462
00:29:11,125 --> 00:29:12,668
[sighs]
463
00:29:12,793 --> 00:29:15,588
I can't believe it.
464
00:29:15,713 --> 00:29:19,884
[Marion] Thank you so much
for coming by.
465
00:29:20,009 --> 00:29:22,136
[Mrs. Copeland]
Give her my love, please.
466
00:29:22,261 --> 00:29:25,139
(sorrowful string music)
467
00:30:06,764 --> 00:30:11,018
[whistling wind]
468
00:30:11,143 --> 00:30:16,732
[phone ringing]
469
00:30:16,857 --> 00:30:19,068
Isabel Wilkerson's office.
470
00:30:19,193 --> 00:30:21,695
[Kate] Hello, hi.
471
00:30:21,820 --> 00:30:25,533
This is Kate.
I'm Isabel's editor.
472
00:30:25,658 --> 00:30:28,118
Yeah, I know who you are.
Hi, Kate.
473
00:30:28,244 --> 00:30:30,120
This is her cousin Marion.
474
00:30:30,246 --> 00:30:33,666
Marion. Marion, hi.
475
00:30:33,791 --> 00:30:37,878
My condolences
for your family's losses.
476
00:30:38,003 --> 00:30:41,215
I don't have the words.
477
00:30:41,340 --> 00:30:43,509
It's unfathomable,
it's unthinkable.
478
00:30:46,387 --> 00:30:49,431
I just, I can't...
479
00:30:49,557 --> 00:30:52,309
Two of the closest people
to you in a year,
480
00:30:52,434 --> 00:30:54,228
who can withstand it?
481
00:30:54,353 --> 00:30:55,646
How is she?
482
00:31:00,442 --> 00:31:02,987
[soft piano music]
483
00:31:22,047 --> 00:31:26,719
[sobbing quietly]
484
00:31:26,844 --> 00:31:30,639
Hold me.
Don't leave me.
485
00:31:30,764 --> 00:31:33,892
I am right here.
I am right here.
486
00:31:34,018 --> 00:31:35,603
I am right here.
487
00:31:38,022 --> 00:31:40,774
Stay. Stay.
488
00:31:40,899 --> 00:31:43,986
- Stay. Stay.
- I am right here
489
00:31:44,111 --> 00:31:48,324
Stay. Stay. Stay.
490
00:31:48,449 --> 00:31:49,658
Stay.
491
00:33:40,936 --> 00:33:42,312
[Marion] Hey.
492
00:33:42,438 --> 00:33:46,608
- You made it in okay?
- Yeah, I'm here.
493
00:33:46,734 --> 00:33:48,277
How are you?
494
00:33:48,402 --> 00:33:50,404
Tell me how you're feeling.
495
00:33:50,529 --> 00:33:53,031
How does it feel to be back there
with all of her things?
496
00:33:53,157 --> 00:33:56,076
I'm here, Marion.
That's all I am.
497
00:33:59,830 --> 00:34:03,250
- You know what? I gotta go.
- Right.
498
00:34:03,375 --> 00:34:04,418
[sighs]
499
00:34:04,543 --> 00:34:06,837
I've gotta get
this house packed.
500
00:34:06,962 --> 00:34:09,965
I could come down this weekend
and help you.
501
00:34:10,090 --> 00:34:11,425
We could take it slow.
502
00:34:11,550 --> 00:34:13,177
I've gotta get
these things packed up
503
00:34:13,302 --> 00:34:14,678
so I can start back work.
504
00:34:14,803 --> 00:34:17,639
Wait, you're starting back
to work?
505
00:34:17,765 --> 00:34:19,600
Of course.
506
00:34:19,725 --> 00:34:21,935
What am I supposed to do?
How am I supposed to live?
507
00:34:22,060 --> 00:34:23,812
Okay.
508
00:34:23,937 --> 00:34:26,857
What is the work you have to do
and when do you need to start?
509
00:34:26,982 --> 00:34:28,984
Marion, I have to go.
I'm already behind.
510
00:34:29,109 --> 00:34:30,360
I...
511
00:34:30,486 --> 00:34:32,780
I'll talk to you later, okay?
Bye.
512
00:34:32,905 --> 00:34:35,115
Okay.
513
00:34:35,240 --> 00:34:37,409
The HVAC guy
got the sump pump working
514
00:34:37,534 --> 00:34:40,412
and got most of the water out.
515
00:34:40,537 --> 00:34:42,998
This has never happened before.
516
00:34:43,123 --> 00:34:45,042
I'm never down here.
My husband was always
517
00:34:45,167 --> 00:34:46,210
the one down here,
518
00:34:46,335 --> 00:34:48,420
changing the filter
in the furnace
519
00:34:48,545 --> 00:34:50,464
or checking the fuse box.
520
00:34:50,589 --> 00:34:54,426
But he died last year, so...
521
00:34:54,551 --> 00:34:55,803
[man] Uh-huh.
522
00:34:59,932 --> 00:35:01,391
[Isabel sighs]
523
00:35:05,437 --> 00:35:07,314
There's where
the water's coming in.
524
00:35:07,439 --> 00:35:09,399
Where?
525
00:35:09,525 --> 00:35:10,734
The sink.
526
00:35:15,656 --> 00:35:18,242
The sink doesn't overflow.
527
00:35:20,536 --> 00:35:24,081
I mean, is it a pipe
that's clogged, or...
528
00:35:24,206 --> 00:35:25,999
Probably the pump
needs clearing out.
529
00:35:26,124 --> 00:35:27,501
I'll write an estimate.
530
00:35:37,219 --> 00:35:38,470
[sighs]
531
00:35:55,571 --> 00:35:57,489
My mother died a few months ago.
532
00:36:02,494 --> 00:36:06,248
What about you?
533
00:36:06,373 --> 00:36:08,166
Is your mother still alive?
534
00:36:12,838 --> 00:36:15,007
No. No, she's not.
535
00:36:15,132 --> 00:36:19,970
Died in 1991, 52 years old.
536
00:36:20,095 --> 00:36:21,263
Goodness.
537
00:36:25,058 --> 00:36:29,771
That's not old... at all.
538
00:36:29,897 --> 00:36:32,816
It sure ain't.
539
00:36:32,941 --> 00:36:34,109
Your father?
540
00:36:40,157 --> 00:36:41,992
He's 78.
541
00:36:42,117 --> 00:36:44,119
[Isabel] Hmm.
542
00:36:44,244 --> 00:36:47,706
You're lucky to have him.
543
00:36:47,831 --> 00:36:49,291
He's mean as they come.
544
00:36:53,879 --> 00:36:56,214
[soft chuckle]
545
00:36:56,340 --> 00:36:58,759
Well...
546
00:36:58,884 --> 00:37:00,719
I guess, in the end,
we miss them no matter...
547
00:37:00,844 --> 00:37:02,054
no matter what they were like.
548
00:37:02,179 --> 00:37:04,181
No, not him.
549
00:37:14,316 --> 00:37:16,068
[clears throat]
You know what? Uh...
550
00:37:21,448 --> 00:37:24,117
- You see something?
- Well, maybe.
551
00:37:59,903 --> 00:38:03,240
[whooshing in crescendo]
552
00:38:10,580 --> 00:38:12,958
- [Isabel] I have an idea. Yes.
- You do?
553
00:38:13,083 --> 00:38:15,043
Thought that might be
why you came.
554
00:38:15,168 --> 00:38:16,253
[laughing]
555
00:38:16,378 --> 00:38:20,674
- Tell us, tell. Is it...
- Well, I...
556
00:38:20,799 --> 00:38:23,885
didn't explore
the Trayvon Martin case.
557
00:38:24,011 --> 00:38:25,303
I know it's been a while,
558
00:38:25,429 --> 00:38:29,099
but I think there's
a lot to unpack.
559
00:38:29,224 --> 00:38:30,934
I've been thinking
about my mother
560
00:38:31,059 --> 00:38:32,436
and how she insisted
561
00:38:32,561 --> 00:38:36,189
we be polite and buttoned up
around white people.
562
00:38:40,777 --> 00:38:45,365
And there's all this...
Nazi symbolism
563
00:38:45,490 --> 00:38:48,368
all over the place. You heard
about what happened
564
00:38:48,493 --> 00:38:49,745
in Charlottesville.
565
00:38:49,870 --> 00:38:51,413
- Yes. Neo-Nazis.
- Yeah.
566
00:38:51,538 --> 00:38:57,044
Drove his car through a crowd
at a protest for Black Lives.
567
00:38:57,169 --> 00:38:59,212
Killed a white woman.
568
00:38:59,337 --> 00:39:00,630
Heather Heyer.
569
00:39:00,756 --> 00:39:05,677
All these idiots walking
around with tiki torches,
570
00:39:05,802 --> 00:39:11,433
invoking imagery from the KKK
and Nazi Germany to stoke fear.
571
00:39:11,558 --> 00:39:13,477
There's this terrific
Indian scholar.
572
00:39:13,602 --> 00:39:17,564
I've been wanting to read
his work, but I haven't.
573
00:39:17,689 --> 00:39:19,399
Um...
574
00:39:19,524 --> 00:39:22,069
He's a Dalit professor,
and he won a...
575
00:39:22,194 --> 00:39:24,654
- Sorry, a "Dalit" professor?
- He's a Dalit
576
00:39:24,780 --> 00:39:25,947
and a professor.
577
00:39:26,073 --> 00:39:27,824
The Dalits are untouchables
in India,
578
00:39:27,949 --> 00:39:29,743
beneath the lowest caste.
579
00:39:29,868 --> 00:39:31,328
- Have you ever heard of them?
- No.
580
00:39:31,453 --> 00:39:33,038
- Have you ever heard of them?
- No.
581
00:39:33,163 --> 00:39:35,165
No! Me either. Why?
582
00:39:35,290 --> 00:39:38,752
There's connective tissue here.
There's connective tissue there.
583
00:39:38,877 --> 00:39:41,671
There is connective tissue here.
I... I could...
584
00:39:41,797 --> 00:39:43,673
I could... I could...
585
00:39:43,799 --> 00:39:47,594
I could build a thesis
that shows how all of this,
586
00:39:47,719 --> 00:39:49,346
all of it,
587
00:39:49,471 --> 00:39:52,682
is linked.
588
00:39:52,808 --> 00:39:54,851
Well...
589
00:39:54,976 --> 00:39:57,729
[sighs]
590
00:39:57,854 --> 00:40:01,066
Well, that's the writer's
journey, right?
591
00:40:01,191 --> 00:40:03,735
Sorting all of that out.
592
00:40:03,860 --> 00:40:06,446
There's a lot going on
in that big brain of yours.
593
00:40:06,571 --> 00:40:09,449
I love that. I love it.
594
00:40:09,574 --> 00:40:13,203
But I gotta be honest with you,
I don't understand
595
00:40:13,328 --> 00:40:16,248
how the woman that they killed,
by the neo-Nazis...
596
00:40:16,373 --> 00:40:17,666
Heather Heyer.
597
00:40:17,791 --> 00:40:20,460
...how that connects
to the Dalit professor...
598
00:40:20,585 --> 00:40:22,295
- Mm-hmm.
- ...connects to Trayvon Martin,
599
00:40:22,420 --> 00:40:24,965
connects to your mom.
600
00:40:25,090 --> 00:40:26,508
I don't see it.
601
00:40:26,633 --> 00:40:27,926
Yet. I don't see that yet.
602
00:40:28,051 --> 00:40:30,637
But if you can make
people see it,
603
00:40:30,762 --> 00:40:33,056
then that is an incredible book.
604
00:40:54,578 --> 00:40:57,414
Come here. Mm...
605
00:40:57,539 --> 00:40:59,875
I love you.
Please be safe, okay?
606
00:41:04,004 --> 00:41:07,340
[airplane engine rumbling]
607
00:41:13,930 --> 00:41:17,267
[sombre music]
608
00:41:37,621 --> 00:41:39,998
[no audible dialogue]
609
00:42:18,536 --> 00:42:20,038
- Hello, excuse me.
- Hi.
610
00:42:20,163 --> 00:42:21,748
Um, this is the book
you ordered.
611
00:42:21,873 --> 00:42:24,542
- Oh, yes, yes. Please sit down.
- And the list we talked about.
612
00:42:27,254 --> 00:42:30,090
This is a list from 1935,
October,
613
00:42:30,215 --> 00:42:34,219
- a little bit later than the first list.
- Yes.
614
00:42:34,344 --> 00:42:37,347
And here, Remarque, Erich Maria...
[speaks German]
615
00:42:37,472 --> 00:42:40,183
That means everything he wrote
is "to destroyed." Blown.
616
00:42:40,308 --> 00:42:42,102
-"To be destroyed."
- Yes.
617
00:42:56,700 --> 00:42:59,411
[soft music]
618
00:43:03,581 --> 00:43:04,874
[man] Excuse me.
619
00:43:05,000 --> 00:43:09,546
I heard you inquire
about Remarque.
620
00:43:09,671 --> 00:43:12,424
But I couldn't hear
the librarian's answer.
621
00:43:12,549 --> 00:43:14,884
I'm Kästner.
622
00:43:15,010 --> 00:43:17,053
I'm from here.
623
00:43:17,178 --> 00:43:20,473
How long have you been
in Berlin?
624
00:43:20,598 --> 00:43:22,225
About five weeks.
625
00:43:25,061 --> 00:43:26,980
You've no idea what's happening.
626
00:43:27,105 --> 00:43:31,067
- Pardon me?
- I'm sorry, I didn't catch that.
627
00:43:31,192 --> 00:43:34,571
You have no idea what's
happening here.
628
00:43:34,696 --> 00:43:36,948
Everything is being torn apart.
629
00:43:41,536 --> 00:43:43,705
[shouting]
630
00:43:59,846 --> 00:44:08,229
[speaking German]
The period of exaggerated Jewish intellectualism
631
00:44:08,355 --> 00:44:10,231
is now at an end!
632
00:44:14,778 --> 00:44:17,072
The German soul...
633
00:44:17,197 --> 00:44:21,618
...can express itself again!
634
00:44:21,743 --> 00:44:25,538
No to decadence...
635
00:44:25,663 --> 00:44:28,041
[tense music]
636
00:44:28,166 --> 00:44:30,919
...and moral corruption!
637
00:44:36,091 --> 00:44:44,182
Yes to decency and morality in family and state!
638
00:44:48,228 --> 00:44:51,272
[Nigella, in English] In Germany, there's
memorials to nearly everyone
639
00:44:51,398 --> 00:44:54,651
victimized by the Nazis.
640
00:44:54,776 --> 00:44:57,320
And there's no entry sign,
no gate.
641
00:44:57,445 --> 00:45:00,740
- It's just opened both day and night.
- Yes, yes.
642
00:45:09,082 --> 00:45:10,959
[Nigella]
Just standing to bear witness.
643
00:45:11,084 --> 00:45:14,421
[dramatic music]
644
00:45:19,801 --> 00:45:22,262
20,000 books
that were lost that night.
645
00:45:22,387 --> 00:45:26,433
[crowd shouting]
646
00:45:26,558 --> 00:45:31,438
Books filled with imagination and ideas,
and history.
647
00:45:41,364 --> 00:45:45,535
[Kästner]
Leave here, my friends.
648
00:45:45,660 --> 00:45:47,745
Leave Germany.
649
00:45:47,871 --> 00:45:49,581
Go to your home
as soon as you can,
650
00:45:49,706 --> 00:45:51,458
you'll be safer there.
651
00:45:53,877 --> 00:45:57,005
[shouting continues]
652
00:46:00,925 --> 00:46:06,264
[speaking German] I deliver to the flames
the works of...
653
00:46:06,389 --> 00:46:09,100
Sigmund Freud,
654
00:46:09,225 --> 00:46:11,853
Heinrich Mann,
655
00:46:11,978 --> 00:46:14,314
Ernst Gläser,
656
00:46:14,439 --> 00:46:17,609
Erich Maria Remarque...
657
00:46:17,734 --> 00:46:20,653
[indistinct]
658
00:46:20,778 --> 00:46:22,113
Erich Kästner.
659
00:46:25,450 --> 00:46:28,369
[Nigella, in English] "Where you burn books,
you end up burning men."
660
00:46:28,495 --> 00:46:30,872
It's a quote by Heinrich Heine.
661
00:46:30,997 --> 00:46:33,791
He was a poet.
German and Jewish.
662
00:46:40,381 --> 00:46:42,467
[speaking German]
663
00:46:45,220 --> 00:46:47,722
No. You are not changing
the subject anymore.
664
00:46:47,847 --> 00:46:49,891
- Oh, yeah.
- Okay.
665
00:46:50,016 --> 00:46:51,226
- Guns, Christmas.
- Yes.
666
00:46:51,351 --> 00:46:52,852
- And then?
- Ah!
667
00:46:52,977 --> 00:46:55,480
- Jawohl. Sweetheart?
- No, I still have
668
00:46:55,605 --> 00:46:56,689
a couple sips left.
669
00:46:56,814 --> 00:46:57,982
[laughing]
670
00:46:58,107 --> 00:46:59,234
You're basically in danger
671
00:46:59,359 --> 00:47:00,818
when you're visiting
your family.
672
00:47:00,944 --> 00:47:02,695
- Yeah. Always.
- It's the American way.
673
00:47:02,820 --> 00:47:06,699
I mean, we know. We know.
It's ridiculous.
674
00:47:06,824 --> 00:47:10,245
That is what I'm looking at
with the article.
675
00:47:10,370 --> 00:47:14,541
You have 900 shootings a week,
it seems, in America,
676
00:47:14,666 --> 00:47:16,834
and you keep giving people guns.
677
00:47:16,960 --> 00:47:18,670
I don't understand at all.
678
00:47:18,795 --> 00:47:19,879
We don't even understand it
ourselves.
679
00:47:20,004 --> 00:47:21,714
We don't understand.
680
00:47:21,839 --> 00:47:24,634
You know, I um... I heard, here,
681
00:47:24,759 --> 00:47:29,055
that displaying the swastika
is a crime.
682
00:47:29,180 --> 00:47:31,057
- Mm-hmm.
- Three years in prison?
683
00:47:31,182 --> 00:47:32,392
Yes, yes, that's true.
684
00:47:32,517 --> 00:47:33,851
I mean, it's not tolerated.
685
00:47:33,977 --> 00:47:37,105
Well, in America, um...
686
00:47:37,230 --> 00:47:39,899
the Confederate flag,
which is like your swastika,
687
00:47:40,024 --> 00:47:43,444
the flag of murderers
and traitors,
688
00:47:43,570 --> 00:47:45,780
it is a part
of the official flag
689
00:47:45,905 --> 00:47:47,073
of one of our states,
690
00:47:47,198 --> 00:47:49,242
- No.
- Mississippi.
691
00:47:49,367 --> 00:47:52,662
Men who wanted to wage war
for the right
692
00:47:52,787 --> 00:47:54,831
to own other human beings.
693
00:47:54,956 --> 00:47:59,586
Statues of them sprinkled all
over the country right now.
694
00:47:59,711 --> 00:48:01,963
- Madness.
- Hmm.
695
00:48:02,088 --> 00:48:04,173
You know, it's not perfect,
696
00:48:04,299 --> 00:48:07,427
but Germany has no monuments
that celebrate Nazis.
697
00:48:07,552 --> 00:48:08,886
I mean, everything Hitler's
gone,
698
00:48:09,012 --> 00:48:11,431
paved right over it all,
and built new things.
699
00:48:11,556 --> 00:48:14,183
I mean, you can literally walk
right over Nazi places
700
00:48:14,309 --> 00:48:16,060
and never know
they were even there.
701
00:48:16,185 --> 00:48:17,687
- [Ulrich] And the bunker.
- Yes, the bunker.
702
00:48:17,812 --> 00:48:19,314
- It's long gone.
- It's like nothing.
703
00:48:19,439 --> 00:48:21,608
- Yeah.
- I mean, it was 30 feet underground,
704
00:48:21,733 --> 00:48:23,985
and was protected
with reinforced concrete.
705
00:48:24,110 --> 00:48:25,695
And now it has, like,
a Volkswagen
706
00:48:25,820 --> 00:48:28,740
or something parked on top of it
at any given time of the day.
707
00:48:28,865 --> 00:48:30,533
It is very different
than the States.
708
00:48:30,658 --> 00:48:32,368
A very different approach.
709
00:48:32,493 --> 00:48:34,037
Well, there are so many
differences
710
00:48:34,162 --> 00:48:35,955
between here and there.
We are talking
711
00:48:36,080 --> 00:48:39,542
about the systematic murder
of 6,000,000 Jews,
712
00:48:39,667 --> 00:48:41,085
that's the official number.
713
00:48:41,210 --> 00:48:44,088
So it's just very different
714
00:48:44,213 --> 00:48:45,882
than monuments to soldiers
and whatnot.
715
00:48:46,007 --> 00:48:48,718
[Ulrich] And what? What are you
saying is different?
716
00:48:48,843 --> 00:48:50,970
All of it. We're talking
about deliberate extermination
717
00:48:51,095 --> 00:48:52,680
over many years.
718
00:48:52,805 --> 00:48:55,141
Yeah, but wasn't slavery for,
like, hundreds of years?
719
00:48:55,266 --> 00:48:59,729
- Right, Isabel?
- Slavery lasted 246 years.
720
00:48:59,854 --> 00:49:03,566
That's 13 generations of people.
721
00:49:03,691 --> 00:49:05,985
Plus another 100 years
of Jim Crow,
722
00:49:06,110 --> 00:49:09,030
segregation,
violence and murder.
723
00:49:09,155 --> 00:49:11,824
It is, of course, horrific.
I am not downplaying any of it.
724
00:49:11,949 --> 00:49:15,578
There were so many millions
of African Americans
725
00:49:15,703 --> 00:49:19,874
who were murdered.
726
00:49:19,999 --> 00:49:21,918
From the Middle Passage
until the end
727
00:49:22,043 --> 00:49:23,419
of legal segregation,
728
00:49:23,544 --> 00:49:28,007
that it goes beyond the realm
of an official number.
729
00:49:31,886 --> 00:49:34,639
- There is no number.
- I didn't know that.
730
00:49:34,764 --> 00:49:37,058
- No. It's stunning.
- [Sabine] It is.
731
00:49:37,183 --> 00:49:41,604
And I understand you're
trying to make sense
732
00:49:41,729 --> 00:49:44,065
of American racism.
It is noble.
733
00:49:44,190 --> 00:49:47,235
But your thesis linking caste
in Germany
734
00:49:47,360 --> 00:49:50,238
with the United States
is flawed.
735
00:49:56,911 --> 00:49:59,163
Maybe it's not exactly the same,
736
00:49:59,288 --> 00:50:01,374
but the thesis of
structural similarity
737
00:50:01,499 --> 00:50:03,835
certainly gives context
for a framework.
738
00:50:03,960 --> 00:50:07,213
Right, but a framework
is not a book, my friends.
739
00:50:07,338 --> 00:50:11,175
She is trying to connect
the United States to Germany,
740
00:50:11,300 --> 00:50:12,552
but it doesn't fit.
741
00:50:12,677 --> 00:50:14,929
It's as if you're trying
742
00:50:15,054 --> 00:50:17,265
to "fit a square inside
the circle," as they say.
743
00:50:20,226 --> 00:50:22,854
I would just like you
to note for yourself
744
00:50:22,979 --> 00:50:27,150
that American slavery
is rooted in subjugation,
745
00:50:27,275 --> 00:50:31,320
dominating Blacks
for the purposes of capitalism,
746
00:50:31,446 --> 00:50:35,825
using bodies and labour
for profit.
747
00:50:35,950 --> 00:50:39,704
But for the Jews
during the Holocaust,
748
00:50:39,829 --> 00:50:44,083
the end call
was not subjugation,
749
00:50:44,208 --> 00:50:46,794
it was extermination.
750
00:50:46,919 --> 00:50:49,046
"Kill them all.
751
00:50:49,172 --> 00:50:51,632
Wipe them off the face
of the Earth.
752
00:50:51,758 --> 00:50:55,261
There's no need for them here."
753
00:50:55,386 --> 00:50:58,806
It's different.
754
00:50:58,931 --> 00:51:02,769
I say, leave Jewish folks alone.
755
00:51:02,894 --> 00:51:04,812
They're fine.
They don't need you.
756
00:51:04,937 --> 00:51:07,148
Write about us, Isabel.
757
00:51:07,273 --> 00:51:09,192
I am writing about us.
758
00:51:09,317 --> 00:51:11,569
I just...
759
00:51:11,694 --> 00:51:14,030
I couldn't fully explain
760
00:51:14,155 --> 00:51:16,032
- what was in my head.
- You better than me.
761
00:51:16,157 --> 00:51:17,950
Because I would have had words.
762
00:51:18,075 --> 00:51:19,076
She was rude.
763
00:51:19,202 --> 00:51:20,912
I had words.
764
00:51:21,037 --> 00:51:22,497
I had a ton of words.
765
00:51:22,622 --> 00:51:24,791
Wow. And none of them were,
766
00:51:24,916 --> 00:51:28,878
"I'm the right one
on the wrong day, baby"?
767
00:51:29,003 --> 00:51:30,505
Yeah, well, I'm still
my mother's child,
768
00:51:30,630 --> 00:51:32,673
- and that wouldn't have happened.
- I know.
769
00:51:32,799 --> 00:51:36,552
You never could bag back,
even when we were kids.
770
00:51:36,677 --> 00:51:38,304
Always thinking
about your comeback
771
00:51:38,429 --> 00:51:39,931
the next day.
772
00:51:40,056 --> 00:51:43,226
"I know what I should
have said was..."
773
00:51:43,351 --> 00:51:45,228
[chuckling]
774
00:51:45,353 --> 00:51:47,355
What if Brett had been there
last night?
775
00:51:47,480 --> 00:51:50,650
[laughing]
776
00:51:50,775 --> 00:51:52,360
Poor lady.
777
00:51:52,485 --> 00:51:54,737
Probably would still be there,
778
00:51:54,862 --> 00:51:56,489
confronting.
779
00:51:56,614 --> 00:51:59,826
[Marion laughing]
780
00:51:59,951 --> 00:52:00,952
Afternoon.
781
00:52:01,077 --> 00:52:02,745
Hi, afternoon.
782
00:52:02,870 --> 00:52:04,747
Some unwanted visitors, huh?
783
00:52:04,872 --> 00:52:08,376
- [Isabel chuckles]
- Looks like they even built a guesthouse.
784
00:52:08,501 --> 00:52:10,878
I'm putting these out
in the backyard to empty out.
785
00:52:11,003 --> 00:52:13,339
Just have your gardener
pick 'em up in a day or two.
786
00:52:13,464 --> 00:52:15,925
Sir. Sir.
787
00:52:16,050 --> 00:52:17,635
Sir, I don't want that.
788
00:52:17,760 --> 00:52:21,138
I'd rather not have
those nests in my yard.
789
00:52:21,264 --> 00:52:23,140
I have dogs,
790
00:52:23,266 --> 00:52:25,309
and that spray can't
be good for them.
791
00:52:25,434 --> 00:52:27,311
It's fine, won't hurt 'em.
792
00:52:32,692 --> 00:52:34,026
Hey.
793
00:52:34,151 --> 00:52:35,778
Can I help?
794
00:52:35,903 --> 00:52:38,281
- Can I just...
- Yes, go ahead.
795
00:52:38,406 --> 00:52:39,949
Excuse me.
796
00:52:40,074 --> 00:52:41,826
She doesn't want it back there.
Did you...?
797
00:52:41,951 --> 00:52:43,244
Did you not hear what she said?
798
00:52:43,369 --> 00:52:44,996
Yeah, but I can't take it
with me today.
799
00:52:45,121 --> 00:52:46,789
- My bins are full.
- Okay. Well,
800
00:52:46,914 --> 00:52:49,834
I guess we're just gonna have to figure
something out then, right?
801
00:52:49,959 --> 00:52:51,085
I mean, you didn't...
802
00:52:51,210 --> 00:52:54,839
you didn't remove that
for free, did you?
803
00:52:54,964 --> 00:52:58,175
No. Right?
804
00:52:58,301 --> 00:53:00,469
- No, I didn't.
- So, look, if this is your tree,
805
00:53:00,595 --> 00:53:02,430
you go ahead and you leave that
wherever you'd like.
806
00:53:02,555 --> 00:53:04,765
But if you do want to get paid
for your work,
807
00:53:04,891 --> 00:53:06,809
you're gonna have
to finish the job.
808
00:53:13,274 --> 00:53:14,859
Appreciate the cooperation.
809
00:53:19,238 --> 00:53:21,282
Did I just mansplain?
810
00:53:21,407 --> 00:53:23,451
[chuckling]
811
00:53:23,576 --> 00:53:26,871
- Well, you asked for permission, so...
- Right.
812
00:53:26,996 --> 00:53:28,372
And if you hadn't...
813
00:53:28,497 --> 00:53:31,042
I'd be in a white saviour mode, right?
814
00:53:31,167 --> 00:53:32,919
- [both laughing]
- What do you know about that?
815
00:53:33,044 --> 00:53:34,545
Oh, hey. Well, break bad habits,
816
00:53:34,670 --> 00:53:37,214
you never gonna get broke, right?
817
00:53:37,340 --> 00:53:40,259
[exhales]
818
00:53:40,384 --> 00:53:42,261
Well, you asked for permission,
819
00:53:42,386 --> 00:53:44,096
so we'll just call it
being neighbourly.
820
00:53:44,221 --> 00:53:46,682
Okay. Let's... let's do that.
821
00:53:49,101 --> 00:53:51,771
I haven't seen your mom and dad
on their walks for a while.
822
00:53:51,896 --> 00:53:53,606
- How are they doing?
- You know,
823
00:53:53,731 --> 00:53:55,066
they're slowing down. Thank you.
824
00:53:55,191 --> 00:53:57,902
But they're having
the conversation about moving
825
00:53:58,027 --> 00:53:59,403
to Florida.
826
00:53:59,528 --> 00:54:03,240
But they're hanging in,
you know.
827
00:54:03,366 --> 00:54:05,576
- My mom, too.
- Mmm.
828
00:54:05,701 --> 00:54:07,244
I get it.
829
00:54:09,830 --> 00:54:13,250
My mom made me promise
I'd come by today. It's...
830
00:54:13,376 --> 00:54:16,587
It's my birthday, so...
831
00:54:16,712 --> 00:54:18,839
Wait...
832
00:54:18,965 --> 00:54:20,633
- Today is your birthday?
- Yeah.
833
00:54:20,758 --> 00:54:23,803
- Today is your birthday?
- It is.
834
00:54:23,928 --> 00:54:25,471
- Yes, she...
- Oh.
835
00:54:25,596 --> 00:54:29,141
She made me a cake.
Like I was a little kid.
836
00:54:29,266 --> 00:54:31,811
'Cause she still thinks
you're her baby.
837
00:54:31,936 --> 00:54:33,062
I think it's sweet.
838
00:54:33,187 --> 00:54:35,898
Hmm.
839
00:54:36,023 --> 00:54:37,024
Um...
840
00:54:37,149 --> 00:54:40,611
Happy birthday...
841
00:54:40,736 --> 00:54:43,781
It's Brett.
842
00:54:43,906 --> 00:54:45,783
- I'm Isabel.
- Yeah, I know.
843
00:54:45,908 --> 00:54:50,955
[sweet music]
844
00:54:51,080 --> 00:54:53,165
And I think birthdays
are a big deal.
845
00:54:53,290 --> 00:54:55,626
- Do you? Wow.
- Yes, I do.
846
00:54:55,751 --> 00:54:58,004
- Not me, honestly, but...
- They should be.
847
00:54:58,129 --> 00:54:59,046
- Really?
- Yes.
848
00:54:59,171 --> 00:55:00,172
Okay.
849
00:55:04,427 --> 00:55:06,345
Will you come over?
850
00:55:06,470 --> 00:55:07,972
Come have a slice of cake
with us,
851
00:55:08,097 --> 00:55:09,807
you know,
that would make my mom so happy.
852
00:55:09,932 --> 00:55:13,310
And... And, you know,
it would make the birthday
853
00:55:13,436 --> 00:55:17,356
a big deal, because I don't
have any idea how to do that.
854
00:55:24,822 --> 00:55:26,991
Well, I haven't seen your mom
and dad for a while.
855
00:55:27,116 --> 00:55:31,037
- There you go.
- Yeah.
856
00:55:31,162 --> 00:55:32,246
I'll come in and say hi.
857
00:55:32,371 --> 00:55:33,539
- Yeah?
- Yeah.
858
00:55:33,664 --> 00:55:34,915
Wow.
859
00:55:35,041 --> 00:55:38,544
- [chuckles] Okay.
- Oh, God.
860
00:55:38,669 --> 00:55:40,379
- What?
- Nothing, what?
861
00:55:40,504 --> 00:55:42,840
Come on, let's go eat some cake.
862
00:55:42,965 --> 00:55:45,009
- She makes a mean cake, too.
- Really?
863
00:55:45,134 --> 00:55:46,969
Oh, yeah, she's got
the layers going.
864
00:55:47,094 --> 00:55:49,305
- What kind are we talking about?
- We're talking about, I mean...
865
00:55:49,430 --> 00:55:51,682
Hopefully, there's not gonna be,
like, a fire engine on it
866
00:55:51,807 --> 00:55:54,435
like when I was seven,
you never know with my mom.
867
00:56:08,741 --> 00:56:11,911
[soft music]
868
00:56:28,636 --> 00:56:30,221
[sighing]
869
00:57:13,973 --> 00:57:17,184
[intriguing music]
870
00:57:39,707 --> 00:57:44,879
These are the minutes
from the meeting in 1934.
871
00:57:45,004 --> 00:57:49,091
15 months after the meeting,
they become law.
872
00:57:49,216 --> 00:57:51,135
- Jim Crow laws.
- Yes.
873
00:57:51,260 --> 00:57:53,721
- American race laws.
- Yes.
874
00:57:53,846 --> 00:57:55,973
[Isabel] It's mind-blowing.
875
00:57:58,934 --> 00:58:00,728
[speaking German]
876
00:58:12,990 --> 00:58:15,075
[Nathan]
"Our problem is different.
877
00:58:15,201 --> 00:58:18,913
Their problem is...
878
00:58:19,038 --> 00:58:23,292
negroes with nothing
to build upon.
879
00:58:23,417 --> 00:58:27,254
A problem that plays no part
for us here in Germany.
880
00:58:27,379 --> 00:58:30,424
Our problem is the Jews,
881
00:58:30,549 --> 00:58:32,801
who must be kept
enduringly apart."
882
00:58:32,927 --> 00:58:35,554
- What is this?
- That is a transcript
883
00:58:35,679 --> 00:58:37,723
of a meeting
that I saw a picture of,
884
00:58:37,848 --> 00:58:42,311
where Nazi lawyers were studying
American law and customs
885
00:58:42,436 --> 00:58:45,397
to figure out how
to pull off the Holocaust.
886
00:58:45,522 --> 00:58:49,693
Our problem is the Jews who must
be kept enduringly apart,
887
00:58:49,818 --> 00:58:51,570
since there's no doubt
that they represent
888
00:58:51,695 --> 00:58:53,072
a foreign body in the Volk.
889
00:58:53,197 --> 00:58:55,532
And segregation
will never achieve the goal
890
00:58:55,658 --> 00:58:57,993
as long as the Jews
have economic power
891
00:58:58,118 --> 00:59:00,871
in the German fatherland
as they do have now.
892
00:59:00,996 --> 00:59:05,042
As long as they have
the most beautiful automobiles,
893
00:59:05,167 --> 00:59:08,003
- the most beautiful motorboats...
- Mm-hmm.
894
00:59:08,128 --> 00:59:10,172
As long as they play
a prominent role
895
00:59:10,297 --> 00:59:12,591
in the pleasure spots
and resorts
896
00:59:12,716 --> 00:59:15,052
and everywhere that costs money.
897
00:59:15,177 --> 00:59:17,596
This can only be achieved
through measures
898
00:59:17,721 --> 00:59:22,476
that forbids sexual mixing
of a Jew and a German,
899
00:59:22,601 --> 00:59:24,228
and imposes criminal punishment.
900
00:59:24,353 --> 00:59:27,106
We must answer
the question today
901
00:59:27,231 --> 00:59:30,776
as to whether laws
that the Reich will institute
902
00:59:30,901 --> 00:59:34,154
should declare only
the separation of races,
903
00:59:34,280 --> 00:59:38,534
or if it should declare
the superiority of one
904
00:59:38,659 --> 00:59:41,120
and the inferiority of others.
905
00:59:46,250 --> 00:59:48,502
[Isabel]
In the fall of 1933,
906
00:59:48,627 --> 00:59:51,171
Allison Davis and his wife,
Elizabeth,
907
00:59:51,297 --> 00:59:55,926
cut short their advanced studies
at the University of Berlin,
908
00:59:56,051 --> 01:00:00,139
and fled Germany
when Hitler took power.
909
01:00:00,264 --> 01:00:02,057
Well, we finally got proof
910
01:00:02,182 --> 01:00:05,060
that one landowner named Bailey
has been whipping sharecroppers.
911
01:00:05,185 --> 01:00:06,979
Bailey's wife told me
912
01:00:07,104 --> 01:00:09,148
that's the way to manage them
when they get too "uppity"?
913
01:00:09,273 --> 01:00:11,400
We heard about a tenant farmer,
one county over,
914
01:00:11,525 --> 01:00:14,403
who was beaten so badly by
a store merchant, he can't bring in a crop.
915
01:00:14,528 --> 01:00:15,988
We're headin' over there
tomorrow.
916
01:00:16,113 --> 01:00:17,197
Do you know what sparked that?
917
01:00:17,323 --> 01:00:19,033
The Negro man asked
for a receipt.
918
01:00:19,158 --> 01:00:21,035
Beat him right there
in the store.
919
01:00:21,160 --> 01:00:25,706
[Isabel] It inspired him to
study the process of injustice.
920
01:00:25,831 --> 01:00:30,294
This gave Dr. Davis new insight
into the nature of hate.
921
01:00:30,419 --> 01:00:33,172
The other half of their team
was a white couple
922
01:00:33,297 --> 01:00:35,758
named Burleigh
and Mary Gardner,
923
01:00:35,883 --> 01:00:38,719
also Harvard anthropologists.
924
01:00:38,844 --> 01:00:43,015
The mission was
quietly revolutionary.
925
01:00:43,140 --> 01:00:46,143
Together, all four
would embed themselves
926
01:00:46,268 --> 01:00:49,480
in an isolated Southern town
from both sides
927
01:00:49,605 --> 01:00:52,775
of the caste divide.
928
01:00:52,900 --> 01:00:55,861
One breach of a social order
could cost them
929
01:00:55,986 --> 01:00:57,404
all their lives.
930
01:00:59,948 --> 01:01:01,784
And this was exactly
what they were doing
931
01:01:01,909 --> 01:01:04,703
in Natchez, Mississippi,
932
01:01:04,828 --> 01:01:08,207
breaching the social order
to study the social hierarchy
933
01:01:08,332 --> 01:01:10,751
of the South.
934
01:01:10,876 --> 01:01:12,336
A mission that
would render them
935
01:01:12,461 --> 01:01:14,129
undercover investigators
936
01:01:14,254 --> 01:01:17,257
in order to fit
into the community.
937
01:01:17,383 --> 01:01:19,343
This would be one
of the first studies
938
01:01:19,468 --> 01:01:21,095
of its kind.
939
01:01:21,220 --> 01:01:23,931
Neither couple fully knew
what they were
940
01:01:24,056 --> 01:01:27,434
getting themselves into.
941
01:01:27,559 --> 01:01:29,353
Out in public,
942
01:01:29,478 --> 01:01:34,483
they had to remain
in character at all times.
943
01:01:34,608 --> 01:01:37,903
With the Davises required
to show deference
944
01:01:38,028 --> 01:01:40,239
to the Gardners and never
give the appearance
945
01:01:40,364 --> 01:01:44,701
that they were, in fact,
colleagues in the trenches,
946
01:01:44,827 --> 01:01:48,372
they had to keep
to their own caste performance.
947
01:01:48,497 --> 01:01:52,334
Everyone had to play the part
expected of them.
948
01:01:52,459 --> 01:01:54,586
[man] They don't need
to be out on these streets.
949
01:01:54,711 --> 01:01:56,213
[Burleigh]
You seen 'em around before?
950
01:01:56,338 --> 01:01:57,673
Oh, yeah.
951
01:01:57,798 --> 01:01:59,800
The monkey's getting too big
for his britches.
952
01:01:59,925 --> 01:02:01,260
Hmm.
953
01:02:01,385 --> 01:02:02,970
- Might've to train him.
- [chuckles]
954
01:02:03,095 --> 01:02:04,012
Come on.
955
01:02:04,138 --> 01:02:07,349
[tense music]
956
01:02:07,474 --> 01:02:09,768
[Mary] I don't see
how we stay much longer.
957
01:02:09,893 --> 01:02:11,311
Our neighbour practically
invited us
958
01:02:11,437 --> 01:02:12,646
to a lynching yesterday.
959
01:02:12,771 --> 01:02:15,482
[Burleigh] And Allison,
there've been some...
960
01:02:15,607 --> 01:02:18,569
some unkind things
said about you.
961
01:02:18,694 --> 01:02:21,071
I can't be sure these folks
don't get in mind
962
01:02:21,196 --> 01:02:22,114
and do something.
963
01:02:22,239 --> 01:02:23,657
We're seeing similar suspicion,
964
01:02:23,782 --> 01:02:25,200
- we should consider.
- Not yet.
965
01:02:25,325 --> 01:02:27,202
- Allison.
- You're getting into the wide inner circle
966
01:02:27,327 --> 01:02:28,787
- of this town...
- It's not worth our safety.
967
01:02:28,912 --> 01:02:31,999
...and that is what
we need to observe.
968
01:02:32,124 --> 01:02:34,001
We're close.
969
01:02:34,126 --> 01:02:36,003
[Isabel] The two couples
kept on the move,
970
01:02:36,128 --> 01:02:40,799
constantly changing clandestine
locations for safety.
971
01:02:40,924 --> 01:02:42,968
They couldn't go
to each other's homes.
972
01:02:43,093 --> 01:02:46,555
Mixing of races was
not allowed publicly
973
01:02:46,680 --> 01:02:49,808
in any form
except subservience.
974
01:02:52,603 --> 01:02:58,442
"A most striking tenet
of their embrace of supremacy
975
01:02:58,567 --> 01:03:01,528
is deference."
976
01:03:01,653 --> 01:03:04,490
That should be the core of
the chapter, don't you think?
977
01:03:04,615 --> 01:03:07,117
Maybe you're right.
978
01:03:07,242 --> 01:03:09,286
Deference goes beyond
mere observance
979
01:03:09,411 --> 01:03:11,580
of certain formalities.
980
01:03:11,705 --> 01:03:13,457
We call them "sir"
981
01:03:13,582 --> 01:03:15,501
and they call us
"boy" and "gal."
982
01:03:15,626 --> 01:03:16,919
Exactly.
983
01:03:17,044 --> 01:03:19,254
Never contradicting whites.
984
01:03:19,379 --> 01:03:21,006
Always agreeing with them.
985
01:03:21,131 --> 01:03:24,384
Evenin'.
986
01:03:24,510 --> 01:03:27,554
- Hey!
- Y'all eat?
987
01:03:27,679 --> 01:03:30,933
Been out here readin'
and writin' for hours.
988
01:03:33,519 --> 01:03:35,437
Greens with fatback
gonna get cold.
989
01:03:35,562 --> 01:03:37,940
Hey, now,
ain't gotta tell me twice.
990
01:03:38,065 --> 01:03:40,400
No. Yes, ma'am.
Can't wait to try them greens.
991
01:03:40,526 --> 01:03:41,401
[laughing]
992
01:03:41,527 --> 01:03:42,528
We'll be there.
993
01:03:45,239 --> 01:03:46,198
All right.
994
01:03:51,078 --> 01:03:53,372
[soft music]
995
01:03:55,999 --> 01:03:58,043
[no audible dialogue]
996
01:04:07,761 --> 01:04:09,346
Hey!
997
01:04:09,471 --> 01:04:11,431
[both] Hi!
998
01:04:25,153 --> 01:04:27,447
[sinister music]
999
01:04:51,138 --> 01:04:53,432
[Kohlrausch] The American
material gives us
1000
01:04:53,557 --> 01:04:56,101
a path to an answer.
1001
01:04:56,226 --> 01:05:01,398
Yeah.
America has succeeded here.
1002
01:05:01,523 --> 01:05:04,526
Their legislation
does not base itself
1003
01:05:04,651 --> 01:05:08,113
on the mere idea
of racial difference.
1004
01:05:08,238 --> 01:05:11,033
But to the extent this legislation
is aimed at Negroes,
1005
01:05:11,158 --> 01:05:14,202
it bases itself absolutely
1006
01:05:14,328 --> 01:05:16,288
on the idea of inferiority.
1007
01:05:16,413 --> 01:05:20,083
Well, Germans are already
convinced that the Jews
1008
01:05:20,208 --> 01:05:23,462
are an inferior race.
1009
01:05:23,587 --> 01:05:25,922
German laws should reflect that.
1010
01:05:26,048 --> 01:05:29,092
[man] Precisely.
1011
01:05:29,217 --> 01:05:31,928
I am of the opinion
that we can proceed
1012
01:05:32,054 --> 01:05:35,974
with the same primitivity
as the American states.
1013
01:05:36,099 --> 01:05:39,102
Such a procedure would be...
1014
01:05:39,227 --> 01:05:42,522
crude legally,
1015
01:05:42,648 --> 01:05:44,566
but it would suffice.
1016
01:05:47,319 --> 01:05:49,237
[Isabel]
The Nazi blueprint,
1017
01:05:49,363 --> 01:05:53,075
for the extermination
of millions of people,
1018
01:05:53,200 --> 01:05:56,870
was directly patterned
after America's enslavement
1019
01:05:56,995 --> 01:05:59,956
and segregation of Black people.
1020
01:06:00,082 --> 01:06:04,419
- America taught the Nazis?
- Caste in America.
1021
01:06:04,544 --> 01:06:09,174
In Germany,
it functions the same.
1022
01:06:09,299 --> 01:06:11,051
The outcomes might be different,
1023
01:06:11,176 --> 01:06:12,719
like Sabine said.
1024
01:06:12,844 --> 01:06:15,555
But it is the same.
1025
01:06:15,681 --> 01:06:17,891
I think that the caste system
in India,
1026
01:06:18,016 --> 01:06:20,852
I think that there is
a connection there too,
1027
01:06:20,977 --> 01:06:24,731
but... the interconnectedness.
1028
01:06:24,856 --> 01:06:26,274
That is my point.
1029
01:06:26,400 --> 01:06:28,902
That is what I'm saying.
1030
01:06:29,027 --> 01:06:29,945
Come here.
1031
01:06:30,070 --> 01:06:32,864
[orchestral music]
1032
01:06:50,215 --> 01:06:52,342
{\an8}We proudly bestow
this Ambedkar Award
1033
01:06:52,467 --> 01:06:54,052
{\an8}to Dr. Suraj Yengde,
1034
01:06:54,177 --> 01:06:56,930
{\an8}postdoctoral fellow
at the Harvard Kennedy School.
1035
01:06:57,055 --> 01:07:00,225
{\an8}[crowd applauding]
1036
01:07:20,996 --> 01:07:23,248
[rhythmic music]
1037
01:07:23,373 --> 01:07:25,792
[indistinct conversations]
1038
01:07:28,670 --> 01:07:30,255
[men shouting]
1039
01:07:36,261 --> 01:07:39,514
Come on, win it!
Come on, win it!
1040
01:07:39,639 --> 01:07:41,600
[indistinct conversations]
1041
01:07:50,233 --> 01:07:53,069
Nathaniel, I know it's gonna be
worth the wait.
1042
01:07:53,195 --> 01:07:56,698
Give it to me.
1043
01:07:56,823 --> 01:07:59,075
[Marion] Carol, can you finish
uncovering this one?
1044
01:07:59,201 --> 01:08:00,202
I got it, baby.
1045
01:08:00,327 --> 01:08:01,703
This chicken looks good.
1046
01:08:05,165 --> 01:08:06,625
What?
1047
01:08:06,750 --> 01:08:08,627
- Respectfully...
- Yeah.
1048
01:08:08,752 --> 01:08:13,215
We and everybody are just
wondering about an ETA.
1049
01:08:13,340 --> 01:08:15,675
The ETA is when
I say it's ready,
1050
01:08:15,801 --> 01:08:16,802
respectfully.
1051
01:08:16,927 --> 01:08:19,805
Yes, ma'am.
1052
01:08:19,930 --> 01:08:22,390
- Hi, Isabel.
- Hello.
1053
01:08:22,516 --> 01:08:24,309
- How you been?
- I've been all right.
1054
01:08:24,434 --> 01:08:25,894
Yeah, how are you holding up?
1055
01:08:26,019 --> 01:08:27,395
All is well.
1056
01:08:27,521 --> 01:08:28,939
How are you two?
1057
01:08:29,064 --> 01:08:30,023
We're good.
1058
01:08:30,148 --> 01:08:31,107
- Everything's good.
- Starvin'.
1059
01:08:31,233 --> 01:08:32,943
[chuckling]
1060
01:08:33,068 --> 01:08:35,987
I wanted to ask if you knew
one of my professors,
1061
01:08:36,112 --> 01:08:37,280
Dr. Montgomery?
1062
01:08:37,405 --> 01:08:40,200
I think he studies
the same things you do.
1063
01:08:40,325 --> 01:08:44,913
Oh, no. But I'm not keeping up
like I used to, so...
1064
01:08:45,038 --> 01:08:48,542
Of course.
Well, he is a smart man,
1065
01:08:48,667 --> 01:08:50,085
a nice older gentleman.
1066
01:08:50,210 --> 01:08:51,920
I thought you might like
to meet him.
1067
01:08:52,045 --> 01:08:56,842
He is handsome for his age,
Black.
1068
01:08:56,967 --> 01:09:00,136
Why don't the two of you
take this over to the Uno table?
1069
01:09:00,262 --> 01:09:01,596
And tell them we startin'.
1070
01:09:01,721 --> 01:09:03,682
- Okay.
- Okay.
1071
01:09:03,807 --> 01:09:06,685
Boy.
1072
01:09:06,810 --> 01:09:08,061
They mean well.
1073
01:09:08,186 --> 01:09:11,815
You know, Brett always
looked forward to these.
1074
01:09:11,940 --> 01:09:14,317
You and Mama were the only ones
that let him in.
1075
01:09:14,442 --> 01:09:15,944
Folks weren't mean.
1076
01:09:16,069 --> 01:09:19,155
I know, but there was
always... that.
1077
01:09:19,281 --> 01:09:20,574
"When is she gonna leave him
1078
01:09:20,699 --> 01:09:22,450
and find herself
a good brother?"
1079
01:09:22,576 --> 01:09:26,288
Now, these containers,
these containers we're in.
1080
01:09:26,413 --> 01:09:28,206
We, we... Maybe the...
1081
01:09:28,331 --> 01:09:30,667
Maybe the label says,
"Black woman."
1082
01:09:30,792 --> 01:09:32,419
Maybe the label says,
"White man, or Asian."
1083
01:09:32,544 --> 01:09:34,629
Hey! Fix your face.
1084
01:09:34,754 --> 01:09:36,423
You're too young for all that.
1085
01:09:36,548 --> 01:09:38,466
You read the label
and we think we know
1086
01:09:38,592 --> 01:09:40,176
what's on the inside.
1087
01:09:40,302 --> 01:09:42,721
Y'all can eat now.
Mm-hmm.
1088
01:09:42,846 --> 01:09:44,598
We trust the label.
1089
01:09:44,723 --> 01:09:46,683
We put the container
on the shelf.
1090
01:09:46,808 --> 01:09:48,059
And that's it.
1091
01:09:48,184 --> 01:09:50,729
That's it.
1092
01:09:50,854 --> 01:09:52,188
Who need a kiss for good luck?
1093
01:09:52,314 --> 01:09:54,357
- [man] Me.
- 'Cause that hand is trash.
1094
01:09:54,482 --> 01:09:56,651
[laughing]
1095
01:09:56,776 --> 01:09:58,737
Come on, Mama,
give me some sugar.
1096
01:09:58,862 --> 01:10:00,238
There you go. Thank you, baby.
1097
01:10:00,363 --> 01:10:01,990
Okay, so now go ahead,
I'm listenin'.
1098
01:10:02,115 --> 01:10:04,701
I think that's what
my book is about.
1099
01:10:04,826 --> 01:10:08,663
Oh. Okay.
1100
01:10:08,788 --> 01:10:11,666
I forgot, which one is yours,
which one is mine?
1101
01:10:11,791 --> 01:10:13,251
[sighs]
This one is mine.
1102
01:10:13,376 --> 01:10:15,086
Okay. Oh, here you go.
1103
01:10:15,211 --> 01:10:19,883
So, your book is about
interracial relationships.
1104
01:10:20,008 --> 01:10:22,886
Mm, no, no. It's about...
1105
01:10:23,011 --> 01:10:24,596
it's about caste.
1106
01:10:24,721 --> 01:10:31,853
It's a phenomenon of placing
one group above another group.
1107
01:10:31,978 --> 01:10:33,396
In a hierarchy.
1108
01:10:33,521 --> 01:10:36,149
And the consequences
to its victims
1109
01:10:36,274 --> 01:10:40,862
and presumed beneficiaries.
1110
01:10:40,987 --> 01:10:42,572
Um...
1111
01:10:42,697 --> 01:10:44,407
One more time in English?
1112
01:10:44,532 --> 01:10:48,453
A little Pulitzer Prize-less,
if you can.
1113
01:10:48,578 --> 01:10:50,747
I can!
1114
01:10:50,872 --> 01:10:53,166
Okay, well, then do it.
Make it plain.
1115
01:10:53,291 --> 01:10:55,251
Because the stuff you were
saying about the Nazis
1116
01:10:55,377 --> 01:10:56,878
got me all twisted around.
1117
01:10:57,003 --> 01:10:58,797
How is that in the same book
about Brett?
1118
01:10:58,922 --> 01:11:01,341
I don't get it.
1119
01:11:01,466 --> 01:11:04,636
Do you think slavery
was a system
1120
01:11:04,761 --> 01:11:07,180
of terrorism and torture
1121
01:11:07,305 --> 01:11:10,475
that the Europeans used
to profit off the labour
1122
01:11:10,600 --> 01:11:14,104
of Black people who
they considered inferior?
1123
01:11:14,229 --> 01:11:16,564
Yeah. Hell yes, it was.
1124
01:11:16,690 --> 01:11:18,483
- No.
- Don't shake your head, it was!
1125
01:11:18,608 --> 01:11:20,193
No, they made it all up.
1126
01:11:20,318 --> 01:11:22,112
Your girl Toni Morrison said,
1127
01:11:22,237 --> 01:11:25,740
"Why would you give your child
to be nursed and raised
1128
01:11:25,865 --> 01:11:27,659
by people who
you think aren't human,
1129
01:11:27,784 --> 01:11:29,160
who are animals?"
1130
01:11:29,285 --> 01:11:32,247
- Yes, Toni.
- Yes, Toni.
1131
01:11:32,372 --> 01:11:34,916
It was all lies.
They knew we weren't inferior,
1132
01:11:35,041 --> 01:11:38,128
but they magnified,
they magnified the myths.
1133
01:11:38,253 --> 01:11:41,673
They codify them,
set them in stone,
1134
01:11:41,798 --> 01:11:45,552
in systems, in our laws,
1135
01:11:45,677 --> 01:11:49,723
in our healthcare, in where
we live, how we learned,
1136
01:11:49,848 --> 01:11:54,894
the kind of work that we do,
even our food.
1137
01:11:55,020 --> 01:11:57,772
- Racism at its finest.
- Mm-hmm.
1138
01:11:57,897 --> 01:12:00,483
No, it's caste.
1139
01:12:00,608 --> 01:12:03,403
Everything you just said
was racist.
1140
01:12:03,528 --> 01:12:05,113
Okay. Well, if it's racist,
1141
01:12:05,238 --> 01:12:08,533
then why is the same thing
happening in India?
1142
01:12:08,658 --> 01:12:11,619
They're all brown.
They're all Indian.
1143
01:12:11,745 --> 01:12:15,665
Marion, right now to this day,
1144
01:12:15,790 --> 01:12:18,084
there is a system in India
1145
01:12:18,209 --> 01:12:22,047
where generations of people
are forced to clean sewers
1146
01:12:22,172 --> 01:12:25,216
with their hands,
1147
01:12:25,341 --> 01:12:28,762
their shit, with their hands.
1148
01:12:28,887 --> 01:12:31,222
They are beneath the lowest
of the hierarchy.
1149
01:12:31,347 --> 01:12:33,600
They're called Dalits.
1150
01:12:33,725 --> 01:12:38,146
At one point, they were
forced to tie brooms
1151
01:12:38,271 --> 01:12:39,689
around their waists because
1152
01:12:39,814 --> 01:12:42,984
their shadows were
supposedly polluted.
1153
01:12:43,109 --> 01:12:44,944
- Hmm.
- Their shadows.
1154
01:12:45,070 --> 01:12:48,406
They had to sweep
behind themselves
1155
01:12:48,531 --> 01:12:50,658
when they walked.
1156
01:12:50,784 --> 01:12:54,621
How is it racist
if they're all the same race?
1157
01:12:54,746 --> 01:12:58,708
Okay, do you think
that Jews are white?
1158
01:12:58,833 --> 01:13:00,418
Definitely.
1159
01:13:00,543 --> 01:13:01,920
The majority are.
1160
01:13:02,045 --> 01:13:05,048
But the same thing happened
to Jews in Germany
1161
01:13:05,173 --> 01:13:06,716
during the Holocaust.
1162
01:13:06,841 --> 01:13:10,178
The Nazis wanted to create
an all-white republic,
1163
01:13:10,303 --> 01:13:12,472
but they hated,
they hated the Jews.
1164
01:13:12,597 --> 01:13:15,683
So, they said, "How do we
make the Jews not white?"
1165
01:13:15,809 --> 01:13:19,312
So, they put them
at the bottom of the hierarchy.
1166
01:13:19,437 --> 01:13:20,939
They said that they were greedy.
1167
01:13:21,064 --> 01:13:22,482
They said that
they were dishonest.
1168
01:13:22,607 --> 01:13:26,236
They blamed them for Germany
losing the First World War.
1169
01:13:26,361 --> 01:13:27,946
They blamed them
for everything bad
1170
01:13:28,071 --> 01:13:29,447
that happened in Germany.
1171
01:13:29,572 --> 01:13:30,865
They were dogs.
1172
01:13:30,990 --> 01:13:34,786
"Kill them. Gas them,
wipe them out."
1173
01:13:34,911 --> 01:13:39,791
The Jews and the Nazis
were the same colour.
1174
01:13:39,916 --> 01:13:42,710
We have to consider
oppression in a way
1175
01:13:42,836 --> 01:13:45,213
that does not centralize race.
1176
01:13:45,338 --> 01:13:49,342
We do it here in America, yes,
because racism is all we know.
1177
01:13:49,467 --> 01:13:51,636
But these containers,
1178
01:13:51,761 --> 01:13:55,098
the Dalits in India,
Jewish people in Germany,
1179
01:13:55,223 --> 01:13:56,724
Black folks in America,
1180
01:13:56,850 --> 01:13:59,978
all these containers
have something in common.
1181
01:14:00,103 --> 01:14:03,106
Race is not one of them.
1182
01:14:03,231 --> 01:14:04,357
It's caste.
1183
01:14:12,282 --> 01:14:15,410
Only took you 10 minutes
for that comeback.
1184
01:14:15,535 --> 01:14:17,579
[laughing]
1185
01:14:17,704 --> 01:14:21,583
Figure out how to say more
of what you just said,
1186
01:14:21,708 --> 01:14:23,459
make it plain.
1187
01:14:23,585 --> 01:14:26,754
Talk to real people
like you just did to me.
1188
01:14:26,880 --> 01:14:28,715
Real people.
1189
01:14:28,840 --> 01:14:30,550
Real things.
1190
01:14:34,095 --> 01:14:35,388
[James] You know,
we met in college.
1191
01:14:35,513 --> 01:14:37,056
So, one time, she comes up
and saying,
1192
01:14:37,182 --> 01:14:38,516
-"Can I borrow a pen?"
- [giggling]
1193
01:14:38,641 --> 01:14:40,810
You are... nigga!
That is not true!
1194
01:14:40,935 --> 01:14:42,645
And he didn't know
the day of the final.
1195
01:14:42,770 --> 01:14:44,898
So he's like,
"I've seen you in my class..."
1196
01:14:45,023 --> 01:14:46,274
And I'm just going...
1197
01:14:46,399 --> 01:14:48,026
"Do you know exactly
what the day of the..."
1198
01:14:48,151 --> 01:14:50,111
And... see. I think you were
trying to get to me.
1199
01:14:50,236 --> 01:14:51,863
- Let me let you in on a secret.
- Mmm.
1200
01:14:51,988 --> 01:14:53,364
- Okay.
- I knew when the final was.
1201
01:14:53,489 --> 01:14:56,284
[laughing and clapping]
1202
01:14:56,409 --> 01:14:57,410
- That's my baby.
- Night, night.
1203
01:14:57,535 --> 01:14:59,078
Night, night.
Sweet dreams.
1204
01:14:59,204 --> 01:15:00,622
Isabel.
1205
01:15:00,747 --> 01:15:02,749
Come by more often, will ya?
1206
01:15:02,874 --> 01:15:05,335
We seem to only get the lasagna
when you around here.
1207
01:15:05,460 --> 01:15:07,003
[laughing]
1208
01:15:07,128 --> 01:15:09,214
I'm hearing that she's stingy
with the lasagna.
1209
01:15:09,339 --> 01:15:10,632
I don't know what it is.
1210
01:15:10,757 --> 01:15:13,593
Stop, you are lying too close
to Sunday, come on.
1211
01:15:13,718 --> 01:15:15,386
[chuckling]
1212
01:15:15,511 --> 01:15:16,846
- Love you.
- It was good seeing you.
1213
01:15:16,971 --> 01:15:18,932
- Good night.
- Good night. Good to see you, too.
1214
01:15:19,057 --> 01:15:21,351
Make sure they bathe.
With water, real water.
1215
01:15:21,476 --> 01:15:22,810
Yes, ma'am.
1216
01:15:22,936 --> 01:15:25,730
- And a washcloth.
- I'll do my best, baby.
1217
01:15:25,855 --> 01:15:27,941
Shit, do I... What...
Do I just...
1218
01:15:28,066 --> 01:15:29,943
Do I talk slow? What do I...
1219
01:15:30,068 --> 01:15:35,573
Okay, so I was in 10th grade,
and we had just moved to Texas,
1220
01:15:35,698 --> 01:15:38,660
and my friend and I had this...
these walkie-talkies.
1221
01:15:38,785 --> 01:15:40,912
Which, you know, we'd be
using between classes,
1222
01:15:41,037 --> 01:15:42,664
to talk or whatever.
1223
01:15:42,789 --> 01:15:44,624
- And this was pre-cell phone, of course.
- Right.
1224
01:15:44,749 --> 01:15:46,584
- Right.
- Late 80s.
1225
01:15:46,709 --> 01:15:50,421
And... the principal
called me to his office,
1226
01:15:50,546 --> 01:15:51,839
he was all suspicious.
1227
01:15:51,965 --> 01:15:53,633
Because he wanted to know
why all these people
1228
01:15:53,758 --> 01:15:54,926
were gathered around my locker.
1229
01:15:55,051 --> 01:15:58,721
So I showed him
the walkie-talkie.
1230
01:15:58,846 --> 01:16:00,682
And he asked my name.
1231
01:16:00,807 --> 01:16:05,311
And I said, "Miss Hale."
1232
01:16:05,436 --> 01:16:06,729
And he said,
1233
01:16:06,854 --> 01:16:09,440
"What is your first name?"
1234
01:16:09,565 --> 01:16:11,943
"It's Miss."
1235
01:16:12,068 --> 01:16:16,281
I said,
"What is your first name?"
1236
01:16:16,406 --> 01:16:19,450
"My name's Miss."
1237
01:16:19,575 --> 01:16:22,495
He's, "I don't have time
for all this foolishness, gal.
1238
01:16:22,620 --> 01:16:25,832
What is your real name?"
1239
01:16:25,957 --> 01:16:29,377
I've... I've repeated
my damn name four times.
1240
01:16:29,502 --> 01:16:32,380
That's a direct defiance
of caste.
1241
01:16:32,505 --> 01:16:34,048
The most personal
I've heard yet.
1242
01:16:34,173 --> 01:16:35,466
Can you imagine that?
1243
01:16:35,591 --> 01:16:37,218
A young Black man plotting
1244
01:16:37,343 --> 01:16:40,888
to force the respect
of white people.
1245
01:16:41,014 --> 01:16:44,642
Your father tore a loophole
through the hierarchy.
1246
01:16:44,767 --> 01:16:46,185
It's brilliant.
1247
01:16:46,311 --> 01:16:48,396
Brilliant. Go on, go on.
1248
01:16:48,521 --> 01:16:51,899
So the principal was furious.
1249
01:16:52,025 --> 01:16:55,028
So he tells his secretary
to check my records,
1250
01:16:55,153 --> 01:16:58,614
and, of course, they confirm
that my legal name
1251
01:16:58,740 --> 01:17:01,326
is Miss Hale.
1252
01:17:01,451 --> 01:17:04,579
So he says to me,
1253
01:17:04,704 --> 01:17:08,291
"Hale. I don't know any Hales.
1254
01:17:08,416 --> 01:17:09,709
You not from around here.
1255
01:17:09,834 --> 01:17:12,420
Where's your father from?"
1256
01:17:12,545 --> 01:17:16,090
And I said,
"He's from Alabama."
1257
01:17:16,215 --> 01:17:17,425
And he said,
1258
01:17:17,550 --> 01:17:20,053
"I knew you weren't
from around here.
1259
01:17:20,178 --> 01:17:21,929
You know how I knew?
1260
01:17:22,055 --> 01:17:24,724
And I said, "No."
1261
01:17:24,849 --> 01:17:29,228
And he said, real cold...
1262
01:17:29,354 --> 01:17:32,315
"'Cause you looking me
in the eye.
1263
01:17:32,440 --> 01:17:35,068
Coloured folk around here
know better."
1264
01:17:40,823 --> 01:17:44,369
I was...
1265
01:17:44,494 --> 01:17:45,995
I was scared.
1266
01:17:49,248 --> 01:17:52,794
- You know, I was a kid.
- Yeah.
1267
01:17:52,919 --> 01:17:54,545
I had never felt...
1268
01:17:57,173 --> 01:17:59,050
that...
1269
01:17:59,175 --> 01:18:02,470
that cold glare.
1270
01:18:02,595 --> 01:18:05,431
You know, he was lookin' me
right in the eyes,
1271
01:18:05,556 --> 01:18:10,019
demanding that I not look him
in the eyes.
1272
01:18:22,365 --> 01:18:23,366
You know, my...
1273
01:18:27,662 --> 01:18:29,038
You know, Daddy would...
1274
01:18:31,874 --> 01:18:34,085
It's okay. It's okay.
1275
01:18:38,673 --> 01:18:42,593
Daddy tell me again and again,
1276
01:18:42,718 --> 01:18:45,721
"Always live up to your name."
1277
01:18:50,184 --> 01:18:51,644
He said, "Miss...
1278
01:18:57,024 --> 01:19:01,070
They don't have the corner
on humanity.
1279
01:19:01,195 --> 01:19:04,198
They don't have the corner
on femininity.
1280
01:19:04,323 --> 01:19:06,742
They don't have the corner
on what it means
1281
01:19:06,868 --> 01:19:10,788
to be a whole, noble,
honourable person."
1282
01:19:15,710 --> 01:19:19,464
[melancholic music]
1283
01:19:19,589 --> 01:19:20,882
Far from it.
1284
01:19:30,725 --> 01:19:31,976
Thank you.
1285
01:19:45,907 --> 01:19:46,949
You okay?
1286
01:19:56,000 --> 01:19:58,836
[soft piano music]
1287
01:19:58,961 --> 01:20:00,922
[Isabel]
Most relationships end.
1288
01:20:01,047 --> 01:20:03,174
Friendships, romances.
1289
01:20:03,299 --> 01:20:08,137
Divorces. I mean, separations,
people grow apart.
1290
01:20:08,262 --> 01:20:09,514
They break.
1291
01:20:16,437 --> 01:20:18,022
But we didn't break.
1292
01:20:48,678 --> 01:20:51,055
We fought that night.
1293
01:20:53,349 --> 01:20:56,727
It was about something
so silly, Miss.
1294
01:21:00,731 --> 01:21:03,442
I should have spent
more time with her.
1295
01:21:03,568 --> 01:21:04,986
Daddy would want me to fix this.
1296
01:21:05,111 --> 01:21:07,947
For Christ's sake,
would you stop, Isabel?
1297
01:21:08,072 --> 01:21:10,283
Just stop.
1298
01:21:10,408 --> 01:21:12,493
It's her idea,
she made a choice,
1299
01:21:12,618 --> 01:21:14,495
she's a grown woman,
let her make it.
1300
01:21:14,620 --> 01:21:16,539
It's like you hide behind
this thing with your mother.
1301
01:21:16,664 --> 01:21:18,249
- Hiding?
- I just don't get it.
1302
01:21:18,374 --> 01:21:20,376
- Hide? I'm not hiding.
- Hiding. You're hiding.
1303
01:21:20,501 --> 01:21:23,588
I'm not hiding.
1304
01:21:23,713 --> 01:21:25,131
So silly.
1305
01:21:27,925 --> 01:21:30,136
And then...
1306
01:21:30,261 --> 01:21:33,472
he offered me some pasta...
1307
01:21:33,598 --> 01:21:35,349
to apologize.
1308
01:21:45,568 --> 01:21:47,445
You want some of that pasta?
1309
01:21:51,699 --> 01:21:53,326
- Save me some.
- Okay.
1310
01:22:00,625 --> 01:22:02,168
And then that was it.
1311
01:22:07,256 --> 01:22:08,466
But we didn't break.
1312
01:22:11,010 --> 01:22:13,804
We did not break.
1313
01:22:13,929 --> 01:22:16,557
We were together.
1314
01:22:16,682 --> 01:22:17,725
Til' the end.
1315
01:22:20,269 --> 01:22:23,189
He should be here, Miss.
1316
01:22:23,314 --> 01:22:26,233
He should be here.
1317
01:22:26,359 --> 01:22:28,736
[no audible dialogue]
1318
01:22:28,861 --> 01:22:32,823
[melancholic music]
1319
01:22:51,801 --> 01:22:54,762
And the one person...
1320
01:22:54,887 --> 01:22:56,097
that I could talk to about...
1321
01:22:58,808 --> 01:23:00,309
she's gone, too.
1322
01:23:06,649 --> 01:23:09,110
[heavy breathing]
1323
01:23:12,238 --> 01:23:14,699
What the hell am I
supposed to do now?
1324
01:23:18,411 --> 01:23:19,453
Come, come, come.
1325
01:23:19,578 --> 01:23:21,372
- [sharp inhale]
- You're okay.
1326
01:23:25,668 --> 01:23:27,420
I just wanna scream,
1327
01:23:27,545 --> 01:23:29,380
I just wanna scream,
I just wanna scream.
1328
01:23:29,505 --> 01:23:33,592
Then scream. Then scream.
1329
01:23:33,718 --> 01:23:35,010
Scream.
1330
01:23:37,471 --> 01:23:38,889
[whimpers]
1331
01:23:44,895 --> 01:23:48,441
Roomy.
Fantastic light.
1332
01:23:48,566 --> 01:23:50,192
Will you update or
sell as original?
1333
01:23:52,486 --> 01:23:55,406
I was thinking
a fresh coat of paint.
1334
01:23:55,531 --> 01:23:57,032
Vintage it is.
1335
01:23:57,158 --> 01:23:58,576
Yeah.
1336
01:24:10,087 --> 01:24:12,006
There might be
water damage there.
1337
01:24:14,341 --> 01:24:17,052
Yes, with everything going on,
I just...
1338
01:24:17,178 --> 01:24:18,679
I just basically
locked up the house,
1339
01:24:18,804 --> 01:24:20,306
I have to deal with it.
1340
01:24:20,431 --> 01:24:22,475
It's a process.
1341
01:24:22,600 --> 01:24:25,436
Isn't everything?
1342
01:24:25,561 --> 01:24:28,105
So what is the price difference
1343
01:24:28,230 --> 01:24:30,858
between fixing it up
and selling it as is?
1344
01:24:30,983 --> 01:24:33,486
- As is?
- Yeah.
1345
01:24:33,611 --> 01:24:36,781
You're basically giving
this little jewel away.
1346
01:24:36,906 --> 01:24:39,241
The area's hot right now
with hipsters.
1347
01:24:39,366 --> 01:24:40,951
And these older homes,
when they're fixed up,
1348
01:24:41,076 --> 01:24:43,037
can sometimes double in value.
1349
01:24:43,162 --> 01:24:45,748
If you can put a few thousand
towards getting it fixed,
1350
01:24:45,873 --> 01:24:48,125
you would have a competitive
situation on your hands
1351
01:24:48,250 --> 01:24:50,002
with multiple bidders.
1352
01:24:54,006 --> 01:24:55,883
You write books, right?
1353
01:24:56,008 --> 01:24:58,219
A book.
1354
01:24:58,344 --> 01:25:01,347
I'm writing another one, but...
1355
01:25:01,472 --> 01:25:05,309
books don't pay as much
as people think.
1356
01:25:05,434 --> 01:25:07,478
I get it.
1357
01:25:07,603 --> 01:25:10,022
Sell as a fixer and don't
even worry about it.
1358
01:25:10,147 --> 01:25:12,566
Let someone else do the work.
1359
01:25:12,691 --> 01:25:14,610
So let's discuss the contract.
1360
01:25:14,735 --> 01:25:16,362
Once the property is clear,
we'll go ahead
1361
01:25:16,487 --> 01:25:18,489
and do an open house,
that way, people can come in
1362
01:25:18,614 --> 01:25:20,825
and view the property and see
what they're willing to offer.
1363
01:25:20,950 --> 01:25:23,244
Like I said,
we'll get multiple bidders...
1364
01:25:23,369 --> 01:25:25,412
[women laughing]
1365
01:25:25,538 --> 01:25:27,373
- [Isabel] Who is that?
- [Marion] What?
1366
01:25:27,498 --> 01:25:29,375
They didn't wanna
get in trouble.
1367
01:25:29,500 --> 01:25:32,211
[giggling]
1368
01:25:32,336 --> 01:25:34,505
Stop.
1369
01:25:34,630 --> 01:25:36,674
She sucked her thumb
and peed in the bed
1370
01:25:36,799 --> 01:25:38,759
'til she was 20 years old.
1371
01:25:38,884 --> 01:25:43,430
I'm not... I'm just... Stop.
1372
01:25:43,556 --> 01:25:46,016
So cute. So cute.
1373
01:25:46,141 --> 01:25:48,394
- [laughing]
- Mm, mm, mm.
1374
01:25:48,519 --> 01:25:51,605
Look at Mama.
1375
01:25:51,730 --> 01:25:52,648
So cute.
1376
01:25:52,773 --> 01:25:55,317
- So fine.
- Yeah.
1377
01:25:55,442 --> 01:25:56,986
How much is it?
1378
01:25:57,111 --> 01:25:58,863
Eh...
1379
01:25:58,988 --> 01:26:02,825
All four estimates
are over $10,000.
1380
01:26:02,950 --> 01:26:05,077
- Damn.
- Yeah.
1381
01:26:07,454 --> 01:26:09,373
You can't sell
the roofless house.
1382
01:26:09,498 --> 01:26:12,918
Well, we'll have to wait
til' I get back.
1383
01:26:13,043 --> 01:26:16,672
- You leave when again?
- Next month.
1384
01:26:16,797 --> 01:26:19,133
I have so much research
to do here,
1385
01:26:19,258 --> 01:26:22,678
and I have
to start a new draft soon.
1386
01:26:22,803 --> 01:26:24,638
Do you even know anybody
in India?
1387
01:26:24,763 --> 01:26:27,099
Marion, here's Uncle.
1388
01:26:27,224 --> 01:26:29,310
That's the point of travellin'.
1389
01:26:29,435 --> 01:26:31,478
Meeting new people.
1390
01:26:31,604 --> 01:26:34,648
Travelling to places where
you are warmly welcomed
1391
01:26:34,773 --> 01:26:39,069
by familiar faces
is underrated.
1392
01:26:39,194 --> 01:26:42,531
Well, I might have found
an Indian professor
1393
01:26:42,656 --> 01:26:44,617
- who can help me navigate.
- [Marion coughing]
1394
01:26:44,742 --> 01:26:48,078
"Might"?
[coughing]
1395
01:26:48,203 --> 01:26:50,122
No, no "might."
1396
01:26:50,247 --> 01:26:52,541
[worrying music]
1397
01:26:56,879 --> 01:26:59,965
[foreign language over
plane intercom]
1398
01:27:45,177 --> 01:27:47,888
[tense music]
1399
01:28:27,428 --> 01:28:29,138
Here you are.
1400
01:28:29,263 --> 01:28:30,389
No, no, no.
1401
01:28:41,150 --> 01:28:44,236
- Thank you.
- [man] Thank you, Madam.
1402
01:28:44,361 --> 01:28:46,947
[distant honking]
1403
01:28:52,828 --> 01:28:54,038
[sighs]
1404
01:29:03,797 --> 01:29:04,882
[phone dings]
1405
01:29:11,096 --> 01:29:13,766
Okay, good. Oh, good.
1406
01:29:26,320 --> 01:29:29,573
[city hubbub]
1407
01:29:33,327 --> 01:29:34,828
[Isabel exhales]
1408
01:30:07,069 --> 01:30:08,904
[honking]
1409
01:30:09,029 --> 01:30:10,989
Isabel! Isabel!
1410
01:30:11,115 --> 01:30:15,285
[excited laughing]
Suraj!
1411
01:30:15,410 --> 01:30:16,870
- So good to see you.
- Hello, hello.
1412
01:30:16,995 --> 01:30:19,248
Allow me to introduce
my esteemed friend...
1413
01:30:19,373 --> 01:30:21,041
- Yes.
- ...Professor Ram Kamli.
1414
01:30:21,166 --> 01:30:23,085
- The pleasure is mine.
- Thank you, thank you.
1415
01:30:23,210 --> 01:30:25,796
You know what we're gonna do?
We're gonna go straight.
1416
01:30:25,921 --> 01:30:27,381
We're gonna walk right there.
1417
01:30:27,506 --> 01:30:29,174
- That's where we gotta go.
- [Isabel] We're doing that?
1418
01:30:29,299 --> 01:30:30,217
[Suraj] We're gonna do that.
1419
01:30:30,342 --> 01:30:32,386
- You're excited?
- Yes, I am.
1420
01:30:32,511 --> 01:30:35,264
Welcome to India, Isabel.
It's so good to have you.
1421
01:30:35,389 --> 01:30:36,598
[Isabel]
I'm happy to be here.
1422
01:30:36,723 --> 01:30:38,350
[Suraj] There are signals
on all the corners.
1423
01:30:38,475 --> 01:30:40,811
And this is one of the...
This is not four-way.
1424
01:30:40,936 --> 01:30:42,521
- This is five-way.
- Five-way.
1425
01:30:42,646 --> 01:30:45,274
And if you add a person like me,
1426
01:30:45,399 --> 01:30:46,900
I make my own way.
1427
01:30:47,025 --> 01:30:50,863
- So, it's like six-way.
- Six-way?
1428
01:30:50,988 --> 01:30:52,865
Oh my...
1429
01:31:00,914 --> 01:31:02,457
A beautiful market.
1430
01:31:06,837 --> 01:31:10,299
[indistinct talking]
1431
01:31:17,931 --> 01:31:22,394
[speaking in foreign language]
1432
01:31:22,519 --> 01:31:24,229
- I like this one.
- [Ram] You like this one?
1433
01:31:24,354 --> 01:31:26,231
[Ram and vendor speaking]
1434
01:31:26,356 --> 01:31:27,983
She would like this.
1435
01:31:28,108 --> 01:31:30,777
[Ram and vendor haggling
in foreign language]
1436
01:31:38,202 --> 01:31:41,121
- It's for my cousin.
- That look gorgeous.
1437
01:31:41,246 --> 01:31:43,081
Thank you.
1438
01:31:43,207 --> 01:31:45,250
Why is the statue caged?
1439
01:31:45,375 --> 01:31:47,502
Ah. Quite observant.
1440
01:31:47,628 --> 01:31:50,339
He's Babasaheb,
the leader of Dalits.
1441
01:31:50,464 --> 01:31:55,093
Isabel, he's Dr. Ambedkar!
1442
01:31:55,219 --> 01:31:57,804
This is the time
when he had just completed
1443
01:31:57,930 --> 01:32:00,515
the task of drafting
India's constitution.
1444
01:32:00,641 --> 01:32:03,393
There, he's holding it
and standing tall.
1445
01:32:03,518 --> 01:32:07,064
You will find these statues
all across the country.
1446
01:32:07,189 --> 01:32:10,275
From a busier street,
square, parks,
1447
01:32:10,400 --> 01:32:12,361
railway stations,
bus stations.
1448
01:32:12,486 --> 01:32:15,614
Even in people's
private properties.
1449
01:32:15,739 --> 01:32:20,869
Him standing is an affirmation
of our existence.
1450
01:32:20,994 --> 01:32:24,331
To us, he is revered.
1451
01:32:24,456 --> 01:32:27,251
To others, they revile him.
1452
01:32:27,376 --> 01:32:30,837
Dr. Ambedkar statues are
one of the most vandalized
1453
01:32:30,963 --> 01:32:32,965
in the country.
1454
01:32:33,090 --> 01:32:36,093
The cage is to keep
the vandals away.
1455
01:32:36,218 --> 01:32:41,473
[pensive music]
1456
01:32:41,598 --> 01:32:44,518
Dr. Ambedkar is more
than a champion
1457
01:32:44,643 --> 01:32:47,312
and a hero to the Dalit people.
1458
01:32:47,437 --> 01:32:50,941
He's the hope that lives
within us.
1459
01:32:51,066 --> 01:32:52,985
He went to the heart of
the problem of caste,
1460
01:32:53,110 --> 01:32:55,320
and he thought
purity was lying
1461
01:32:55,445 --> 01:32:59,408
- beneath the artifice of caste...
- Mm-hmm.
1462
01:32:59,533 --> 01:33:03,662
And where the human
population was chopped
1463
01:33:03,787 --> 01:33:07,416
into what he called "fixed
and definite units."
1464
01:33:07,541 --> 01:33:09,960
In America,
you have what you call
1465
01:33:10,085 --> 01:33:13,005
the Blacks, the Browns,
the Asian, the Whites, and etc.
1466
01:33:13,130 --> 01:33:15,215
Similarly, we have in India,
1467
01:33:15,340 --> 01:33:18,260
where the Dalits are supposed
to be at the bottom
1468
01:33:18,385 --> 01:33:19,928
- and the Brahmins at the top.
- Mm-hmm.
1469
01:33:20,053 --> 01:33:23,849
And between, there are
various units of caste.
1470
01:33:23,974 --> 01:33:28,770
What maintains this unit into
continuing of caste system
1471
01:33:28,895 --> 01:33:32,691
is unending violence
in the form of rape,
1472
01:33:32,816 --> 01:33:35,402
mutilation and murder.
1473
01:33:35,527 --> 01:33:40,365
In India, a Dalit person
is attacked every 15 minutes.
1474
01:33:40,490 --> 01:33:43,327
Every day,
10 Dalit women are raped,
1475
01:33:43,452 --> 01:33:47,581
and these are only
the reported cases.
1476
01:33:47,706 --> 01:33:50,584
Rohith Vemula's friends, family
and the wider Dalit Movement
1477
01:33:50,709 --> 01:33:53,003
called it
an institutional murder.
1478
01:33:53,128 --> 01:33:54,838
And they called it this
because it was not
1479
01:33:54,963 --> 01:33:56,548
simply a case of suicide.
1480
01:33:56,673 --> 01:33:58,508
They said that
this was an institution
1481
01:33:58,633 --> 01:34:00,510
that was systematically
discriminating
1482
01:34:00,635 --> 01:34:01,803
against a young Dalit student.
1483
01:34:01,928 --> 01:34:04,264
And this was important
because for a lot of us,
1484
01:34:04,389 --> 01:34:06,475
as young folks who were looking
1485
01:34:06,600 --> 01:34:08,101
for a life of dignity
and respect,
1486
01:34:08,226 --> 01:34:10,312
and were looking to education
1487
01:34:10,437 --> 01:34:12,064
and the university
to give us that life,
1488
01:34:12,189 --> 01:34:16,485
it showed that the spectre of
caste was still haunting us.
1489
01:34:16,610 --> 01:34:20,197
[Suraj] In a world where Dalit
people are brutalized,
1490
01:34:20,322 --> 01:34:23,283
simply to keep us in our place,
1491
01:34:23,408 --> 01:34:26,578
Dr. Ambedkar remains
our shining light.
1492
01:34:26,703 --> 01:34:31,291
Our guardian, our hero,
our father.
1493
01:34:31,416 --> 01:34:33,585
The site of Dr. Ambedkar's
last home.
1494
01:34:33,710 --> 01:34:36,088
- It's a museum now.
- Ah.
1495
01:34:36,213 --> 01:34:37,881
Quite magnificent.
1496
01:34:38,006 --> 01:34:40,759
As you can see,
it's an open-book concept.
1497
01:34:44,429 --> 01:34:47,307
While he is a giant
among Dalits,
1498
01:34:47,432 --> 01:34:52,604
the world has failed
to acknowledge his genius.
1499
01:34:52,729 --> 01:34:56,066
Dr. Ambedkar was separated
from the kids of high caste
1500
01:34:56,191 --> 01:34:58,026
so as not to pollute them.
1501
01:34:58,151 --> 01:34:59,986
[man shouting playfully]
1502
01:35:00,112 --> 01:35:03,407
[children cheering]
1503
01:35:03,532 --> 01:35:06,910
[Suraj] As a child,
young Bhimrao Ambedkar
1504
01:35:07,035 --> 01:35:09,621
was not allowed to touch
many of the things
1505
01:35:09,746 --> 01:35:12,332
his classmates would touch.
1506
01:35:15,252 --> 01:35:18,338
He was not even allowed
to touch water at the school.
1507
01:35:18,463 --> 01:35:20,465
This is because
he was considered
1508
01:35:20,590 --> 01:35:22,134
an "untouchable."
1509
01:35:25,095 --> 01:35:29,933
That was the term used
for Dalits at the time.
1510
01:35:30,058 --> 01:35:31,685
[teacher speaking
foreign language]
1511
01:35:31,810 --> 01:35:35,021
Young Ambedkar was not
allowed to touch or sit
1512
01:35:35,147 --> 01:35:37,399
at a desk during class.
1513
01:35:37,524 --> 01:35:39,943
[teacher speaking
foreign language]
1514
01:35:42,487 --> 01:35:45,365
[soft music]
1515
01:35:53,540 --> 01:35:56,293
But he persevered.
1516
01:35:56,418 --> 01:35:59,212
He continued to study
and break barriers.
1517
01:36:02,757 --> 01:36:06,219
Dr. Ambedkar earned two PhDs.
1518
01:36:06,344 --> 01:36:09,014
One at Columbia University,
1519
01:36:09,139 --> 01:36:14,144
and the other at the London
School of Economics.
1520
01:36:14,269 --> 01:36:20,484
After obtaining his PhDs
and passing the bar,
1521
01:36:20,609 --> 01:36:26,865
Dr. Ambedkar returned to India
as a heralded scholar.
1522
01:36:26,990 --> 01:36:28,783
We have been carrying on
with untouchability
1523
01:36:28,909 --> 01:36:30,452
for the last 2,000 years.
1524
01:36:30,577 --> 01:36:32,412
Nobody has bothered about it.
1525
01:36:32,537 --> 01:36:37,042
You see? Yes, there are some...
some disabilities.
1526
01:36:37,167 --> 01:36:39,002
We are very harmful.
1527
01:36:39,127 --> 01:36:40,879
Apparently,
people can't take water.
1528
01:36:41,004 --> 01:36:43,924
People can't have land,
you see,
1529
01:36:44,049 --> 01:36:46,843
to cultivate
and earn their livelihood.
1530
01:36:49,304 --> 01:36:54,434
There is an insistence
on conflating caste with race.
1531
01:36:54,559 --> 01:36:56,228
- Oh, yeah.
- If I brought you
1532
01:36:56,353 --> 01:36:58,813
to the family reunion,
what would you say?
1533
01:36:58,939 --> 01:37:00,065
What would you say to them?
1534
01:37:00,190 --> 01:37:03,985
My cousin Marion.
My... my mother.
1535
01:37:07,864 --> 01:37:09,699
What would you say to them
1536
01:37:09,824 --> 01:37:13,954
that's important for them
to know...
1537
01:37:14,079 --> 01:37:17,374
about you, about India,
1538
01:37:17,499 --> 01:37:23,129
about caste and our connection?
1539
01:37:23,255 --> 01:37:24,839
[Suraj]
Our heroes found the connection.
1540
01:37:24,965 --> 01:37:27,300
And it is up to us
to find it again,
1541
01:37:27,425 --> 01:37:31,888
and build upon it
in sibling solidarity.
1542
01:37:32,013 --> 01:37:36,017
When Bhimrao Ambedkar was
a young Indian graduate student,
1543
01:37:36,142 --> 01:37:38,770
he found himself
in New York City.
1544
01:37:38,895 --> 01:37:42,190
Harlem, to be exact.
1545
01:37:42,315 --> 01:37:46,278
He saw kindred spirits
among Black people in America.
1546
01:37:46,403 --> 01:37:48,405
Both in the oppression
they faced
1547
01:37:48,530 --> 01:37:51,533
and in their survival.
1548
01:37:54,077 --> 01:37:56,246
He immediately recognized
the similarities
1549
01:37:56,371 --> 01:37:59,457
between how African Americans
were treated
1550
01:37:59,583 --> 01:38:01,876
and the treatment of Dalits.
1551
01:38:05,338 --> 01:38:07,299
Asha, you've been doing
some work on this right?
1552
01:38:07,424 --> 01:38:11,845
Yes, my thesis centred on
Dr. King's visit to India.
1553
01:38:11,970 --> 01:38:14,931
He saw many of these things
first time,
1554
01:38:15,056 --> 01:38:18,143
while he and his wife
toured the country.
1555
01:38:18,268 --> 01:38:21,187
I found the way in which
he wrote about India
1556
01:38:21,313 --> 01:38:24,316
to be fascinating as someone
afflicted by caste
1557
01:38:24,441 --> 01:38:26,693
in their own country.
1558
01:38:26,818 --> 01:38:30,030
I used his essay in the magazine
of United States
1559
01:38:30,155 --> 01:38:35,452
as the core of my research.
Uh, do you know Ebony Magazine?
1560
01:38:35,577 --> 01:38:37,078
Yes.
1561
01:38:37,203 --> 01:38:38,580
Yes, I know Ebony Magazine.
1562
01:38:38,705 --> 01:38:41,583
Dr. King wrote about
India in Ebony?
1563
01:38:41,708 --> 01:38:43,001
[Asha] Yes.
[soft chuckle]
1564
01:38:43,126 --> 01:38:44,502
July 1959.
1565
01:38:44,628 --> 01:38:48,256
It is quite extraordinary.
1566
01:38:48,381 --> 01:38:51,968
[Suraj] And so, there is
a connection between us.
1567
01:38:52,093 --> 01:38:54,596
The African Americans,
the Dalits,
1568
01:38:54,721 --> 01:38:56,931
the indigenous people
around the world,
1569
01:38:57,057 --> 01:39:00,393
the Palestinian people,
the Roma people, Buraku people.
1570
01:39:00,518 --> 01:39:02,395
- Yes.
- The outcasts of Africa
1571
01:39:02,520 --> 01:39:03,897
are still fighting
for their rights.
1572
01:39:04,022 --> 01:39:06,066
Be it Nigeria, Ghana, Senegal.
1573
01:39:06,191 --> 01:39:09,277
You go to Latin America,
you find outcasts
1574
01:39:09,402 --> 01:39:13,031
within the Mexican society
or Brazilian society.
1575
01:39:13,156 --> 01:39:14,991
And if we think
about our histories
1576
01:39:15,116 --> 01:39:17,577
through the wonderful
ability of love,
1577
01:39:17,702 --> 01:39:21,915
the symbols of hate
and diets of violence
1578
01:39:22,040 --> 01:39:27,921
will be replaced by compassion,
care and solidarity.
1579
01:39:28,046 --> 01:39:32,217
This is the world that
we have to imagine
1580
01:39:32,342 --> 01:39:35,261
for ourselves
and for others
1581
01:39:35,387 --> 01:39:38,306
who have not yet seen the beauty
1582
01:39:38,431 --> 01:39:40,475
that human beings have to offer.
1583
01:39:44,062 --> 01:39:46,523
[Dr. King] One afternoon,
I went down to speak
1584
01:39:46,648 --> 01:39:49,192
in the southern part of India,
1585
01:39:49,317 --> 01:39:53,738
and I remember that afternoon
that the principal got up
1586
01:39:53,863 --> 01:39:55,782
to introduce me.
1587
01:39:55,907 --> 01:39:59,160
He said,
"I would like to present to you
1588
01:39:59,285 --> 01:40:01,329
a fellow untouchable
1589
01:40:01,454 --> 01:40:03,581
from the United States
of America."
1590
01:40:03,707 --> 01:40:06,543
And for the moment,
I was peeved. I was shocked
1591
01:40:06,668 --> 01:40:10,213
that I would be introduced
as an untouchable.
1592
01:40:10,338 --> 01:40:15,760
Pretty soon, my mind ran back
across to America.
1593
01:40:15,885 --> 01:40:20,181
And I had to say to myself,
I am an untouchable.
1594
01:40:20,306 --> 01:40:23,309
And segregation is
evil and sinful
1595
01:40:23,435 --> 01:40:26,312
because it stigmatizes
1596
01:40:26,438 --> 01:40:28,982
the segregated
as an untouchable
1597
01:40:29,107 --> 01:40:31,443
in a caste system.
1598
01:40:31,568 --> 01:40:34,320
And this is why I'm convinced
1599
01:40:34,446 --> 01:40:38,908
that we have the moral edict,
1600
01:40:39,033 --> 01:40:40,869
a moral mandate,
1601
01:40:40,994 --> 01:40:47,333
to work to get rid of
this unjust and evil system.
1602
01:40:47,459 --> 01:40:48,626
[phone dings]
1603
01:41:06,394 --> 01:41:09,522
[pensive music]
1604
01:41:22,243 --> 01:41:24,454
[heavy breathing]
1605
01:41:32,295 --> 01:41:36,174
I'll put the phone near her.
1606
01:41:36,299 --> 01:41:37,550
[Isabel] Okay.
1607
01:41:45,016 --> 01:41:46,059
Baby.
1608
01:41:50,939 --> 01:41:53,566
- [raspy breathing]
- You're on speaker. Um...
1609
01:41:53,691 --> 01:41:56,694
She's...
1610
01:41:56,820 --> 01:41:58,613
She hasn't been responding
to folks.
1611
01:42:02,450 --> 01:42:03,660
I understand.
1612
01:42:10,208 --> 01:42:12,210
Marion.
1613
01:42:12,335 --> 01:42:13,711
It's Isabel.
1614
01:42:16,923 --> 01:42:18,424
Hi, Cousin.
1615
01:42:22,345 --> 01:42:24,180
I called to say goodbye.
1616
01:42:28,309 --> 01:42:32,230
I believe you can hear me.
1617
01:42:32,355 --> 01:42:34,232
You mean so much to me.
1618
01:42:38,820 --> 01:42:43,074
I remember everything
you have ever said to me.
1619
01:42:43,199 --> 01:42:46,536
From the time that we were kids
1620
01:42:46,661 --> 01:42:51,124
until the last time
I heard your voice.
1621
01:42:51,249 --> 01:42:52,625
I'll never forget it.
1622
01:42:55,920 --> 01:42:57,589
I'll never forget you.
1623
01:43:01,009 --> 01:43:03,303
You will walk with me.
1624
01:43:05,805 --> 01:43:09,601
You will live in me.
1625
01:43:09,726 --> 01:43:11,436
For as long as I'm here.
1626
01:43:15,940 --> 01:43:17,108
Watch over me.
1627
01:43:21,112 --> 01:43:22,989
Cover me, okay?
1628
01:43:26,951 --> 01:43:31,080
I won't see you,
but you'll see me.
1629
01:43:34,459 --> 01:43:38,504
There's more to life
than what you can see.
1630
01:43:41,257 --> 01:43:43,885
You're going
to experience it all.
1631
01:43:51,225 --> 01:43:53,770
I love you. I love you.
I love you.
1632
01:44:05,365 --> 01:44:08,534
[sorrowful music]
1633
01:44:08,660 --> 01:44:11,037
I could stay around for a bit.
1634
01:44:11,162 --> 01:44:14,290
Don't you dare. You go.
1635
01:44:14,415 --> 01:44:17,085
So you can come home and
you can write your stories.
1636
01:44:17,210 --> 01:44:19,462
'Cause folks need to know
about this.
1637
01:44:30,974 --> 01:44:33,184
[chirping birds]
1638
01:44:42,860 --> 01:44:44,112
The pillars are working.
1639
01:44:44,237 --> 01:44:46,030
You know, it gives it shape.
1640
01:44:46,155 --> 01:44:47,991
Good, good.
1641
01:44:48,116 --> 01:44:50,576
Then how many of them
will there be?
1642
01:44:50,702 --> 01:44:53,037
Six or seven.
1643
01:44:53,162 --> 01:44:55,415
Maybe eight.
1644
01:44:55,540 --> 01:44:57,041
And you are going
to make this deadline?
1645
01:44:57,166 --> 01:44:59,002
I am going
to make this deadline.
1646
01:44:59,127 --> 01:45:00,420
This self-imposed deadline.
1647
01:45:00,545 --> 01:45:03,089
Well, I don't have anyone
to push me anymore,
1648
01:45:03,214 --> 01:45:04,716
so I have to push myself.
1649
01:45:15,935 --> 01:45:18,896
[pensive music]
1650
01:45:41,627 --> 01:45:45,298
[Isabel]
A caste system needs scaffolding
1651
01:45:45,423 --> 01:45:48,676
in order to maintain
its hierarchies.
1652
01:45:58,227 --> 01:46:00,563
Dr. Ambedkar wrote,
1653
01:46:00,688 --> 01:46:03,941
"Caste is an artificial
chopping up of
1654
01:46:04,067 --> 01:46:06,486
the population
into fixed units.
1655
01:46:06,611 --> 01:46:09,822
Each unit is prevented
from fusing into another
1656
01:46:09,947 --> 01:46:12,366
through the custom
called endogamy."
1657
01:46:12,492 --> 01:46:13,284
[cheering]
1658
01:46:13,409 --> 01:46:15,286
[speaking German] Our rehearsing
has paid off.
1659
01:46:15,411 --> 01:46:18,748
It's only taken six months to get that twirl down.
1660
01:46:18,873 --> 01:46:20,416
But...
1661
01:46:20,541 --> 01:46:22,043
...completely worthwhile.
1662
01:46:30,718 --> 01:46:31,969
Let's go again.
1663
01:46:34,305 --> 01:46:35,890
Let me powder my nose first.
1664
01:46:43,523 --> 01:46:46,150
[in English] In showing how endogamy
is maintained,
1665
01:46:46,275 --> 01:46:51,030
we can prove the genesis
and mechanism of caste.
1666
01:46:51,155 --> 01:46:54,242
Endogamy is defined
as restricting marriage
1667
01:46:54,367 --> 01:46:56,911
to people
within the same caste.
1668
01:47:01,332 --> 01:47:02,959
[speaking German]
1669
01:47:06,671 --> 01:47:07,880
[speaking German] Have you heard...
1670
01:47:08,005 --> 01:47:11,134
...they're asking for names
and addresses.
1671
01:47:11,259 --> 01:47:12,677
They won't.
1672
01:47:12,802 --> 01:47:14,595
They're looking for artists
and people who like jazz.
1673
01:47:14,720 --> 01:47:16,973
I don't believe it.
It's all blown out of proportion.
1674
01:47:17,098 --> 01:47:20,226
No. This happened at the Wonder Room last month.
1675
01:47:20,351 --> 01:47:22,228
[Isabel, in English]
This is an ironclad foundation
1676
01:47:22,353 --> 01:47:25,690
of any caste system.
1677
01:47:25,815 --> 01:47:28,901
From ancient India,
to the Nazi regime,
1678
01:47:29,026 --> 01:47:31,654
to the American colonizers.
1679
01:47:37,743 --> 01:47:41,080
[speaking German] Laugh, dear.
1680
01:47:41,205 --> 01:47:43,332
Laugh right now.
1681
01:47:43,457 --> 01:47:47,336
[giggling]
1682
01:47:47,461 --> 01:47:50,423
[in English] Endogamy enforces caste
boundaries
1683
01:47:50,548 --> 01:47:53,301
by forbidding marriage,
sexual relations
1684
01:47:53,426 --> 01:47:55,887
or even the appearance
of romantic interest
1685
01:47:56,012 --> 01:47:58,055
across caste lines.
1686
01:47:58,181 --> 01:48:01,559
It builds a firewall
between certain people.
1687
01:48:01,684 --> 01:48:03,811
[men speaking, dogs barking]
1688
01:48:03,936 --> 01:48:06,480
[men shouting in German]
1689
01:48:18,534 --> 01:48:22,121
By closing off
legal family connection,
1690
01:48:22,246 --> 01:48:25,374
endogamy purposely
blocks sense of empathy
1691
01:48:25,499 --> 01:48:27,835
and shared destiny
between people.
1692
01:48:27,960 --> 01:48:30,922
[shouting in German]
1693
01:48:31,047 --> 01:48:32,089
Mama!
1694
01:48:32,215 --> 01:48:34,467
[indistinct shouting]
1695
01:48:37,011 --> 01:48:39,096
Mama!
1696
01:48:39,222 --> 01:48:40,598
[shouting continues]
1697
01:48:43,309 --> 01:48:47,688
[soft piano music]
1698
01:48:47,813 --> 01:48:49,857
[Isabel]
It was the caste system,
1699
01:48:49,982 --> 01:48:51,901
through the practice
of endogamy,
1700
01:48:52,026 --> 01:48:55,196
which essentially regulated
people's romantic choices
1701
01:48:55,321 --> 01:48:57,073
over the course of centuries,
1702
01:48:57,198 --> 01:49:01,744
that created and reinforced
the idea of races.
1703
01:49:05,456 --> 01:49:09,001
By permitting only those
with similar physical traits
1704
01:49:09,126 --> 01:49:11,087
to legally mate.
1705
01:49:14,674 --> 01:49:18,427
Endogamy laws written
and enforced by white men
1706
01:49:18,552 --> 01:49:22,348
designed the population
of the United States.
1707
01:49:28,104 --> 01:49:32,191
If you were not a white man
and you violated that...
1708
01:49:34,902 --> 01:49:38,948
An unknowable number of lives
were lost due to endogamy...
1709
01:49:41,367 --> 01:49:43,536
the defining pillar of caste.
1710
01:49:46,831 --> 01:49:49,500
It triggered the most
publicized cases
1711
01:49:49,625 --> 01:49:51,460
of lynchings in America.
1712
01:49:51,585 --> 01:49:55,589
A protocol strictly enforced
against Black men
1713
01:49:55,715 --> 01:49:57,758
and white women.
1714
01:49:57,883 --> 01:49:59,510
Front row seat, darlin'.
1715
01:50:02,388 --> 01:50:05,808
[man choking]
1716
01:50:10,146 --> 01:50:12,773
[Isabel] One of the foremost
scholars of caste
1717
01:50:12,898 --> 01:50:14,567
in America once wrote,
1718
01:50:14,692 --> 01:50:16,694
"Tied to what one looked like,
1719
01:50:16,819 --> 01:50:20,156
membership in either
the upper or the lowest caste
1720
01:50:20,281 --> 01:50:22,950
is immutable.
1721
01:50:23,075 --> 01:50:25,369
Fixed from birth to death.
1722
01:50:25,494 --> 01:50:26,912
Inescapable.
1723
01:50:27,038 --> 01:50:32,084
One may neither earn
nor wed their way out."
1724
01:50:32,209 --> 01:50:36,088
That scholar was
Dr. Allison Davis.
1725
01:50:36,213 --> 01:50:38,466
The Davis and Gardner
team emerged
1726
01:50:38,591 --> 01:50:41,260
with perhaps the most
comprehensive study,
1727
01:50:41,385 --> 01:50:45,139
to this day,
of the American caste system.
1728
01:50:45,264 --> 01:50:47,058
Their book, Deep South,
1729
01:50:47,183 --> 01:50:50,644
is a quietly revolutionary
landmark experiment
1730
01:50:50,770 --> 01:50:53,147
in interracial scholarship.
1731
01:50:53,272 --> 01:50:57,526
The Davises and the Gardners
remained lifelong friends.
1732
01:51:05,117 --> 01:51:08,120
[distant banging]
1733
01:51:12,291 --> 01:51:15,586
Nazi Germany,
the United States and India
1734
01:51:15,711 --> 01:51:19,632
all reduced Jews,
African Americans and Dalits
1735
01:51:19,757 --> 01:51:22,718
to an undifferentiated mass
of nameless,
1736
01:51:22,843 --> 01:51:24,637
faceless scapegoats.
1737
01:51:29,433 --> 01:51:32,603
Millennia ago,
Dalits were called
1738
01:51:32,728 --> 01:51:35,106
the "untouchables" of India.
1739
01:51:38,067 --> 01:51:43,364
Enforced into the degrading
work of manual scavenging,
1740
01:51:43,489 --> 01:51:45,616
the practice
of cleaning excrement
1741
01:51:45,741 --> 01:51:48,828
from toilets
and open drains by hand
1742
01:51:48,953 --> 01:51:51,872
in exchange for leftover food.
1743
01:51:57,670 --> 01:52:01,757
The only thing that they have
to protect their bodies...
1744
01:52:01,882 --> 01:52:05,553
is oil, each other
1745
01:52:05,678 --> 01:52:07,763
and their prayers.
1746
01:52:11,475 --> 01:52:17,356
To refuse is to invite
severe punishment or death.
1747
01:52:17,481 --> 01:52:20,276
This persists to this day.
1748
01:52:25,614 --> 01:52:27,908
The trade and sale
of African people
1749
01:52:28,033 --> 01:52:32,163
demolished communities,
obliterated families
1750
01:52:32,288 --> 01:52:34,832
and tore flesh from spirit.
1751
01:52:39,170 --> 01:52:41,755
Human beings were
tortured to death,
1752
01:52:41,881 --> 01:52:43,924
and thrown overboard
on slave ships
1753
01:52:44,049 --> 01:52:45,426
during the Middle Passage.
1754
01:52:45,551 --> 01:52:47,970
[crying]
1755
01:52:55,561 --> 01:52:58,397
Upon their arrival
at the concentration camps,
1756
01:52:58,522 --> 01:53:00,608
Jews were stripped
of the clothing
1757
01:53:00,733 --> 01:53:02,735
of their former lives.
1758
01:53:02,860 --> 01:53:06,322
[people speaking German]
1759
01:53:08,866 --> 01:53:11,702
Their heads were shaved.
1760
01:53:11,827 --> 01:53:13,913
Distinguishing features
like sideburns
1761
01:53:14,038 --> 01:53:18,042
or red hair were
deleted from them.
1762
01:53:18,167 --> 01:53:21,587
They were no longer
personalities to engage with.
1763
01:53:21,712 --> 01:53:23,797
They became a single mass,
1764
01:53:23,923 --> 01:53:26,509
purposely easier
for SS officers
1765
01:53:26,634 --> 01:53:28,761
to distance themselves from.
1766
01:53:41,649 --> 01:53:45,819
Indian activists explained
that the manual scavenger
1767
01:53:45,945 --> 01:53:49,198
is not a form of employment,
but an injustice
1768
01:53:49,323 --> 01:53:51,700
akin to slavery.
1769
01:53:51,825 --> 01:53:54,912
It is one of the most prominent
forms of discrimination
1770
01:53:55,037 --> 01:53:57,957
against Dalits, and it is
central to the violation
1771
01:53:58,082 --> 01:54:01,418
of their human rights,
1772
01:54:01,544 --> 01:54:03,504
to their dehumanization.
1773
01:54:09,218 --> 01:54:12,680
Through violent storms at sea,
starvation,
1774
01:54:12,805 --> 01:54:14,682
mutilation and rape,
1775
01:54:14,807 --> 01:54:17,184
Black people were
stacked and squeezed
1776
01:54:17,309 --> 01:54:19,728
into the hulls of ships
1777
01:54:19,853 --> 01:54:22,565
to be sold into further
unfathomable terror.
1778
01:54:28,404 --> 01:54:31,532
Their bodies did not
belong to them...
1779
01:54:33,993 --> 01:54:38,706
but to the dominating caste
to do with however it wished.
1780
01:54:38,831 --> 01:54:41,166
[agonizing screams]
1781
01:54:41,292 --> 01:54:44,086
No longer daughter
of a fisherman,
1782
01:54:44,211 --> 01:54:46,213
or a nephew of the midwife,
1783
01:54:48,757 --> 01:54:50,968
loving mothers,
1784
01:54:51,093 --> 01:54:53,387
headstrong nephews,
dedicated bakers
1785
01:54:53,512 --> 01:54:55,264
and watchmakers,
1786
01:54:55,389 --> 01:54:59,893
all merged into a single mass
of undifferentiated bodies.
1787
01:55:00,019 --> 01:55:04,732
No longer seen as humans
deserving empathy...
1788
01:55:04,857 --> 01:55:09,737
but as objects over whom
control could be exerted.
1789
01:55:09,862 --> 01:55:11,655
They were no longer people.
1790
01:55:14,617 --> 01:55:15,951
They were numbers.
1791
01:55:19,955 --> 01:55:23,208
[screaming]
1792
01:55:30,007 --> 01:55:33,427
[gunshot]s
1793
01:55:33,552 --> 01:55:37,264
Dehumanized.
1794
01:55:37,389 --> 01:55:41,018
[melancholic music]
1795
01:55:51,570 --> 01:55:54,990
Now a soulless animal.
1796
01:56:05,334 --> 01:56:08,504
Not human.
1797
01:56:08,629 --> 01:56:11,757
[chains jingling]
1798
01:56:19,932 --> 01:56:23,018
It is harder to dehumanize
a single person standing
1799
01:56:23,143 --> 01:56:25,354
in front of you,
1800
01:56:25,479 --> 01:56:28,148
harder to dehumanize
an individual
1801
01:56:28,273 --> 01:56:30,651
you've gotten the chance
to know.
1802
01:56:36,365 --> 01:56:40,077
Which is why people and groups
who seek power and division
1803
01:56:40,202 --> 01:56:43,622
don't bother with
dehumanizing an individual.
1804
01:56:43,747 --> 01:56:47,376
Better to attach a stigma,
a taint of pollution,
1805
01:56:47,501 --> 01:56:50,754
to an entire group.
1806
01:56:50,879 --> 01:56:53,966
[sobbing and whimpering]
1807
01:56:54,091 --> 01:56:55,676
Dehumanize the group
1808
01:56:55,801 --> 01:56:58,721
and you've successfully
dehumanized
1809
01:56:58,846 --> 01:57:01,181
every individual person
within it.
1810
01:57:12,943 --> 01:57:15,446
Racism is not the same
as caste.
1811
01:57:15,571 --> 01:57:17,823
Because race does not matter
1812
01:57:17,948 --> 01:57:20,117
in order for the system
to work.
1813
01:57:33,422 --> 01:57:35,758
[no audible dialogue]
1814
01:57:59,323 --> 01:58:03,786
"Little League team
wins championship."
1815
01:58:03,911 --> 01:58:05,829
[soft music]
1816
01:58:15,672 --> 01:58:17,883
[chuckling]
Mama.
1817
01:58:18,008 --> 01:58:20,511
"Little League team...
splashes."
1818
01:58:20,636 --> 01:58:22,346
Oh...
[both chuckling]
1819
01:58:22,471 --> 01:58:23,847
It's true.
1820
01:58:27,142 --> 01:58:28,811
[coach] Go, go, go!
1821
01:58:28,936 --> 01:58:30,270
[crowd cheering]
1822
01:58:49,581 --> 01:58:51,333
[Al's friend]
It was a hot day like today.
1823
01:58:51,458 --> 01:58:52,501
[cheering in unison]
1824
01:58:52,626 --> 01:58:54,920
We were pretty excited
1825
01:58:55,045 --> 01:58:57,005
because we had just won
the city championship
1826
01:58:57,130 --> 01:59:00,092
when the coach told us
he was bringing us to this park.
1827
01:59:00,217 --> 01:59:03,887
And we're gonna get to eat
and go swimming.
1828
01:59:04,012 --> 01:59:05,764
And we were quite excited,
as you can imagine.
1829
01:59:05,889 --> 01:59:10,435
And then the park ranger
came over and pointed out Al.
1830
01:59:10,561 --> 01:59:11,937
[park ranger]
Hey, boy!
1831
01:59:19,194 --> 01:59:20,988
- Yes, sir?
- You can't be in here right now.
1832
01:59:21,113 --> 01:59:22,781
And you know better.
Who you with?
1833
01:59:22,906 --> 01:59:24,825
[coach] Everything okay here?
1834
01:59:24,950 --> 01:59:26,869
- This boy with your team?
- He's one of my players.
1835
01:59:26,994 --> 01:59:28,787
You know how long it'd take
for our maintenance crew
1836
01:59:28,912 --> 01:59:30,330
- to clean this up?
- Disinfect it?
1837
01:59:30,455 --> 01:59:32,165
- Disinfect what?
- This is a whites-only pool.
1838
01:59:32,291 --> 01:59:33,750
[Al's friend] We didn't know.
Being young kids,
1839
01:59:33,876 --> 01:59:35,544
we didn't understand
what was going on.
1840
01:59:35,669 --> 01:59:37,713
- Yeah.
- And um...
1841
01:59:37,838 --> 01:59:39,381
yet we wanted to go in the pool
1842
01:59:39,506 --> 01:59:41,300
because it was so hot
that day, too.
1843
01:59:41,425 --> 01:59:43,844
And then the park ranger,
he said,
1844
01:59:43,969 --> 01:59:46,930
"If he goes in, nobody goes in."
1845
01:59:47,055 --> 01:59:49,975
[surf rock music]
1846
01:59:59,860 --> 02:00:05,157
So, they took Al outside
to a blanket out there.
1847
02:00:05,282 --> 02:00:08,076
But, you know,
we kept looking back at Al,
1848
02:00:08,201 --> 02:00:09,745
and see him.
Why was he over there?
1849
02:00:09,870 --> 02:00:11,246
Mm-hmm.
1850
02:00:11,371 --> 02:00:15,042
So, a few of my friends and I
went over to talk to him
1851
02:00:15,167 --> 02:00:17,127
and to make sure he was okay.
1852
02:00:17,252 --> 02:00:19,713
[Isabel] So it felt strange
when that happened,
1853
02:00:19,838 --> 02:00:21,048
that he was over there
1854
02:00:21,173 --> 02:00:22,841
- and you guys were here.
- Yeah, it felt separate.
1855
02:00:22,966 --> 02:00:24,468
- He was on our team.
- Yeah. Right, right.
1856
02:00:24,593 --> 02:00:26,720
And he was a big part
of our team, and then,
1857
02:00:26,845 --> 02:00:29,181
they wouldn't let him in.
1858
02:00:29,306 --> 02:00:31,475
Some of the parents brought him
over some food to eat.
1859
02:00:31,600 --> 02:00:32,976
Mm-hmm.
1860
02:00:33,101 --> 02:00:37,230
- He sat there by himself? Ugh.
- By himself.
1861
02:00:37,356 --> 02:00:40,400
And then, the coach talked
to the park ranger again
1862
02:00:40,525 --> 02:00:42,235
and said, "Hey, you've gotta let
this kid in,
1863
02:00:42,361 --> 02:00:43,528
at least for a little swim."
1864
02:00:43,654 --> 02:00:47,616
- Yes, yes.
- So he talked to the coach
1865
02:00:47,741 --> 02:00:49,159
and he said,
"There's only one way
1866
02:00:49,284 --> 02:00:51,662
- I'm going to let this happen."
- Mm-hmm.
1867
02:00:51,787 --> 02:00:53,664
[whistle]
1868
02:00:53,789 --> 02:00:56,541
Everybody out. Come on, now.
1869
02:00:56,667 --> 02:00:57,876
Come on.
1870
02:00:58,001 --> 02:00:59,962
Come on out now.
Come on.
1871
02:01:06,885 --> 02:01:09,930
[sombre music]
1872
02:01:20,816 --> 02:01:22,526
You cannot touch
that water, boy.
1873
02:01:22,651 --> 02:01:23,860
You hear me?
1874
02:01:27,406 --> 02:01:28,740
Keep your balance.
1875
02:01:32,786 --> 02:01:34,663
Do not touch that water.
1876
02:01:40,377 --> 02:01:41,795
Real still.
1877
02:02:18,874 --> 02:02:20,375
Real still.
1878
02:02:36,391 --> 02:02:37,809
Don't touch that water.
1879
02:02:59,539 --> 02:03:03,835
It really affected us and
we didn't know what to do.
1880
02:03:03,960 --> 02:03:05,837
Right.
1881
02:03:05,962 --> 02:03:10,342
And it still bothers me today.
1882
02:03:10,467 --> 02:03:15,722
As a kid, we just want
to play baseball and swim.
1883
02:03:15,847 --> 02:03:17,766
We didn't know what to do.
1884
02:03:17,891 --> 02:03:22,229
And I wish I could do it
over again.
1885
02:03:22,354 --> 02:03:24,064
'Cause I don't think
I did enough.
1886
02:03:27,275 --> 02:03:29,236
How old were you?
1887
02:03:29,361 --> 02:03:31,613
I was nine.
1888
02:03:31,738 --> 02:03:34,074
Nine years old.
1889
02:03:34,199 --> 02:03:37,119
[soft orchestral music]
1890
02:03:45,460 --> 02:03:47,671
[Isabel]
Al Bright went on to become
1891
02:03:47,796 --> 02:03:51,007
an artist and educator.
1892
02:03:51,133 --> 02:03:54,136
He was the first
full-time Black faculty member
1893
02:03:54,261 --> 02:03:58,974
at his alma mater,
Youngstown State University.
1894
02:03:59,099 --> 02:04:01,393
I missed talking to him
for the book
1895
02:04:01,518 --> 02:04:04,104
by a matter of months.
1896
02:04:04,229 --> 02:04:07,691
He passed away at age 82.
1897
02:04:07,816 --> 02:04:11,444
But a part of him died
that afternoon in 1951.
1898
02:04:18,410 --> 02:04:20,328
You're going to be fine.
1899
02:04:26,042 --> 02:04:28,837
You're going to be just fine.
1900
02:04:40,891 --> 02:04:43,518
[emotional music]
1901
02:05:28,855 --> 02:05:31,858
[soft piano music]
1902
02:05:39,532 --> 02:05:44,079
The tragedy of caste
1903
02:05:44,204 --> 02:05:47,040
is that we are judged
on the very things
1904
02:05:47,165 --> 02:05:48,917
that we cannot change.
1905
02:05:49,042 --> 02:05:53,672
Signposts on our bodies
of gender and ancestry,
1906
02:05:53,797 --> 02:05:57,842
superficial differences
that have nothing to do
1907
02:05:57,968 --> 02:06:00,178
with who we are
on the inside.
1908
02:06:02,889 --> 02:06:07,310
The goal of this work
has not been to resolve issues
1909
02:06:07,435 --> 02:06:10,855
of a millennia-old phenomenon,
1910
02:06:10,981 --> 02:06:13,984
{\an8}but to bear witness
to its presence
1911
02:06:14,109 --> 02:06:16,236
{\an8}in our everyday lives,
1912
02:06:16,361 --> 02:06:20,198
{\an8}to shine a light on its history
despite those
1913
02:06:20,323 --> 02:06:22,534
{\an8}who would deny it,
despite those
1914
02:06:22,659 --> 02:06:26,621
{\an8}who would withhold it
from us even,
1915
02:06:26,746 --> 02:06:31,167
{\an8}who try to convince us
that we don't need to know.
1916
02:06:35,213 --> 02:06:37,841
We need to know.
1917
02:06:40,218 --> 02:06:46,808
You don't escape trauma
by ignoring it.
1918
02:06:50,437 --> 02:06:54,441
You escape trauma
by confronting it.
1919
02:07:01,531 --> 02:07:04,743
When you live in an old house,
1920
02:07:04,868 --> 02:07:07,787
you may not want to go
in the basement after a storm
1921
02:07:07,912 --> 02:07:09,706
to see what the rains
have brought.
1922
02:07:09,831 --> 02:07:13,835
But choose not to look
at your own peril.
1923
02:07:20,633 --> 02:07:23,595
We're all like homeowners
who've inherited a house
1924
02:07:23,720 --> 02:07:25,889
on a piece of land
that's beautiful
1925
02:07:26,014 --> 02:07:27,807
on the outside.
1926
02:07:27,932 --> 02:07:29,934
But the soil is unstable.
1927
02:07:38,318 --> 02:07:43,406
People say I had nothing to do
with how this all started.
1928
02:07:43,531 --> 02:07:44,949
I never owned slaves.
1929
02:07:45,075 --> 02:07:46,868
I didn't mistreat untouchables.
1930
02:07:46,993 --> 02:07:49,245
I didn't gas Jews.
1931
02:07:49,371 --> 02:07:53,041
And, yes, not one of us
was around
1932
02:07:53,166 --> 02:07:55,001
when this house was built.
1933
02:08:00,757 --> 02:08:03,093
But here we are.
1934
02:08:03,218 --> 02:08:05,512
The current occupants
of a property
1935
02:08:05,637 --> 02:08:08,807
with stress cracks built
into the foundation,
1936
02:08:08,932 --> 02:08:11,726
and a roof
that must be replaced.
1937
02:08:22,070 --> 02:08:25,865
We are the heirs to whatever
is right or wrong with it.
1938
02:08:25,990 --> 02:08:28,410
We didn't erect
the uneven pillars,
1939
02:08:28,535 --> 02:08:30,954
but they are ours
to deal with now.
1940
02:08:39,712 --> 02:08:42,424
The cracks won't fix themselves.
1941
02:08:49,514 --> 02:08:52,642
Any more deterioration
is on our watch.
1942
02:09:00,525 --> 02:09:03,528
Caste is not simply hatred.
1943
02:09:11,035 --> 02:09:15,790
It is the worn grooves
of routine and expectation.
1944
02:09:15,915 --> 02:09:17,625
Patterns of a social order
1945
02:09:17,750 --> 02:09:21,379
that have been in place
so long, it looks natural...
1946
02:09:21,504 --> 02:09:23,047
when it isn't.
1947
02:09:27,844 --> 02:09:31,598
Caste is everywhere,
yet invisible.
1948
02:09:35,393 --> 02:09:38,271
No one avoids exposure
to its message,
1949
02:09:38,396 --> 02:09:40,064
and the message is simple.
1950
02:09:42,817 --> 02:09:46,070
One kind of person
is more deserving of freedom
1951
02:09:46,196 --> 02:09:48,364
than another kind.
1952
02:09:50,909 --> 02:09:53,786
Freedom to love whoever
you want to love.
1953
02:10:02,921 --> 02:10:05,924
Freedom to go
wherever you want to go.
1954
02:10:11,095 --> 02:10:14,057
Freedom to express yourself
however you want
1955
02:10:14,182 --> 02:10:15,808
to express yourself.
1956
02:10:19,979 --> 02:10:25,568
Freedom to resist and fight
for your human right to do so.
1957
02:11:27,755 --> 02:11:30,842
[♪ I Am ♪ by Stan Walker]
1958
02:11:41,978 --> 02:11:45,690
♪ We are the colour ♪
1959
02:11:45,815 --> 02:11:49,569
♪ Found in spring ♪
1960
02:11:49,694 --> 02:11:53,531
♪ You are the wind ♪
1961
02:11:53,656 --> 02:11:57,076
{\an8}♪ Breathe into me ♪
1962
02:11:57,201 --> 02:12:01,039
{\an8}♪ You inherit me ♪
1963
02:12:01,164 --> 02:12:04,417
♪ I inherit you ♪
1964
02:12:04,542 --> 02:12:08,296
{\an8}♪ I am the language ♪
1965
02:12:08,421 --> 02:12:13,926
{\an8}♪ You speak to me ♪
1966
02:12:14,052 --> 02:12:16,804
{\an8}♪ As far as the eye can see ♪
1967
02:12:16,929 --> 02:12:21,017
{\an8}♪ Everything has changed ♪
1968
02:12:21,142 --> 02:12:26,230
♪ Tell me how can we
stand by ♪
1969
02:12:26,356 --> 02:12:28,691
♪ I don't wanna be the same ♪
1970
02:12:28,816 --> 02:12:32,862
{\an8}♪ He toiora ahau nu ♪
1971
02:12:32,987 --> 02:12:37,116
{\an8}♪ Te toi n Kurawaka ♪
1972
02:12:37,241 --> 02:12:43,915
{\an8}♪ Taku rongomaiwhiti e ♪
1973
02:12:44,040 --> 02:12:48,878
{\an8}♪ Tkiri ko te haeata ♪
1974
02:12:49,003 --> 02:12:52,131
{\an8}♪ Anga atu ki te r ♪
1975
02:12:52,256 --> 02:12:59,597
♪ Whiti, whiti ki te ora e ♪
1976
02:12:59,722 --> 02:13:03,142
♪ We are the waters ♪
1977
02:13:03,267 --> 02:13:06,688
♪ The rivers and streams ♪
1978
02:13:06,813 --> 02:13:10,274
♪ Flow through the armour ♪
1979
02:13:10,400 --> 02:13:14,904
♪ Of a dying breed ♪
1980
02:13:15,029 --> 02:13:18,366
♪ I am with you ♪
1981
02:13:18,491 --> 02:13:22,120
♪ And you are with me ♪
1982
02:13:22,245 --> 02:13:26,207
{\an8}♪ Baptised in fire ♪
1983
02:13:26,332 --> 02:13:31,045
{\an8}♪ We're lions in the ring ♪
1984
02:13:31,170 --> 02:13:34,465
{\an8}♪ As far as the eye can see ♪
1985
02:13:34,590 --> 02:13:38,219
{\an8}♪ Everything has changed ♪
1986
02:13:38,344 --> 02:13:43,641
{\an8}♪ Tell me how can we
stand by ♪
1987
02:13:43,766 --> 02:13:46,060
{\an8}♪ I don't wanna be the same ♪
1988
02:13:46,185 --> 02:13:50,815
{\an8}♪ He toiora ahau nu ♪
1989
02:13:50,940 --> 02:13:54,527
{\an8}♪ Te toi n Kurawaka ♪
1990
02:13:54,652 --> 02:14:01,409
{\an8}♪ Taku rongomaiwhiti e ♪
1991
02:14:01,534 --> 02:14:06,289
{\an8}♪ Tkiri ko te haeata ♪
1992
02:14:06,414 --> 02:14:10,251
{\an8}♪ Anga atu ki te r ♪
1993
02:14:10,376 --> 02:14:16,674
{\an8}♪ Whiti, whiti ki te ora e... ♪
135691
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