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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:00,360 --> 00:00:06,540 Once upon a time long long time ago for somebody to configure and administer a system they had to go 2 00:00:06,540 --> 00:00:11,360 physically and log into that system and do whatever changes were necessary. 3 00:00:11,430 --> 00:00:19,380 So just imagine that you walk into a room that has this TV screen or what looks like a TV screen attached 4 00:00:19,380 --> 00:00:25,100 to a massive computer that TV screen was all the terminal. 5 00:00:25,440 --> 00:00:30,770 So the terminal was basically a display that returned the output of any command that you were using 6 00:00:30,840 --> 00:00:32,110 or executing. 7 00:00:32,250 --> 00:00:34,300 I didn't understand your input. 8 00:00:34,300 --> 00:00:36,690 I didn't understand what you were doing. 9 00:00:36,750 --> 00:00:44,100 Its sole purpose its job was to only take that input and show you the output what understood what you 10 00:00:44,100 --> 00:00:47,340 were doing was a program running in the background. 11 00:00:47,370 --> 00:00:53,020 That program would understand what you were typing the keystrokes that you were typing. 12 00:00:53,120 --> 00:00:57,630 I would take it and put it with processor and then it would turn the output. 13 00:00:57,630 --> 00:01:01,700 Once the OP would return it will be displayed on the terminal. 14 00:01:02,370 --> 00:01:05,190 So we needed two components at that time. 15 00:01:05,250 --> 00:01:12,510 The actual physical screen or the terminal and the program that was running in the background and Linux 16 00:01:12,690 --> 00:01:17,900 that program is under the slash bin slash Bash. 17 00:01:17,970 --> 00:01:26,250 So if I go to places to computer to Ben this is the program that would understand my input. 18 00:01:26,430 --> 00:01:33,210 So am I telling you all this here's why if and I go to this I can hear the name of this icon is that 19 00:01:33,210 --> 00:01:34,730 terminal. 20 00:01:34,800 --> 00:01:39,090 So this symbolizes what the computer screen was back then. 21 00:01:39,090 --> 00:01:46,860 In the old days if I open the terminal it will open up with a program already running. 22 00:01:47,220 --> 00:01:49,020 This is what we call the shell. 23 00:01:49,020 --> 00:01:51,640 This is the bash commands. 24 00:01:51,690 --> 00:01:54,970 So by default the bash command is running on my terminal. 25 00:01:55,110 --> 00:02:00,170 Otherwise I wouldn't be able to accept any input and display any output. 26 00:02:00,480 --> 00:02:03,030 This shell is what accepts my inputs. 27 00:02:03,030 --> 00:02:09,540 It will run my command in the background and send it back to the terminal to display the output. 28 00:02:09,540 --> 00:02:11,640 This is much more powerful than that. 29 00:02:11,640 --> 00:02:19,070 You see the graphical user interface and unlikely gooey this is always present on servers. 30 00:02:19,140 --> 00:02:23,690 Theres a lot of instances where you be doing penetration testing or an ethical hacking regiment where 31 00:02:23,700 --> 00:02:28,590 you come across a server without you without all this beautiful graphical stuff. 32 00:02:28,590 --> 00:02:30,890 Reason being is because this is resource extensive. 33 00:02:30,900 --> 00:02:36,600 This takes up a lot of space and memory which is something we can't afford on servers. 34 00:02:36,600 --> 00:02:41,760 We don't want to have this performance impact and because the graphical user interface isn't really 35 00:02:41,760 --> 00:02:49,170 necessary we can do everything using the text based interface we use with answers don't install the 36 00:02:49,170 --> 00:02:55,950 graphical interface so this is always the graphical interface isn't and this is one of the reasons why 37 00:02:55,950 --> 00:03:01,860 it's really important that you learn how to navigate your way through any Linux system using the terminal 38 00:03:01,860 --> 00:03:02,880 or the shell. 39 00:03:03,030 --> 00:03:10,480 So going forward by the way whenever I say terminal or shell what I'm referring to is this window here. 40 00:03:10,590 --> 00:03:11,580 The black one. 41 00:03:11,970 --> 00:03:18,480 So when you do get penetration testing exercise or unethical engagement your objective usually is to 42 00:03:18,690 --> 00:03:20,810 get a shirt. 43 00:03:20,850 --> 00:03:27,780 What that means is your objective usually is to get access such as that one to the remote machine which 44 00:03:27,780 --> 00:03:29,250 is your vector machine. 45 00:03:29,600 --> 00:03:36,090 You would usually get shell in one of two ways either Richen as you can see here I'm logged in as root 46 00:03:36,210 --> 00:03:41,830 and you will see this outside here and this means that log and as the superuser. 47 00:03:42,090 --> 00:03:47,760 Or you will get a non-road shell and that would look like instead of a downside there will be a dollar 48 00:03:47,760 --> 00:03:52,250 sign and what that means is that you are logged in as a non root user. 49 00:03:52,260 --> 00:03:58,760 Or you are not the superuser your low privileged user now because we are on the graphical user interface. 50 00:03:58,770 --> 00:04:01,910 We can customize the look and feel of this. 51 00:04:01,980 --> 00:04:06,490 We can do that by visiting the preferences options under the edit menu. 52 00:04:06,810 --> 00:04:13,070 One of the first things that I like to do when I'm recording videos is to zoom in and zoom out. 53 00:04:13,080 --> 00:04:14,400 How do I do that. 54 00:04:14,400 --> 00:04:16,740 I can see the shortcuts here. 55 00:04:16,900 --> 00:04:24,000 Will Show me the keyboard shortcuts for different commands So for example how did you copy paste how 56 00:04:24,000 --> 00:04:29,440 to open a terminal and so on to zone in its control. 57 00:04:29,490 --> 00:04:33,530 Plus plus to zone out its control plus minus. 58 00:04:33,540 --> 00:04:41,310 So now what I'm typing on my keyboard this control shift on the button next to my backspace which is 59 00:04:41,620 --> 00:04:47,230 a plus plus it's the equal button without the shift that wouldn't be plus obviously. 60 00:04:47,310 --> 00:04:55,470 So I want a tab control shift equal equal which is shift plus plus and that zoomed in my terminal or 61 00:04:55,470 --> 00:04:56,560 my shell. 62 00:04:56,940 --> 00:04:59,270 So now you can see what I'm doing. 63 00:04:59,910 --> 00:05:05,680 One of the other things that I like to do is change the preferences of how I open a new terminal. 64 00:05:06,120 --> 00:05:09,710 By default opening a new terminal will open a new window. 65 00:05:11,960 --> 00:05:14,080 Personally that's not my preference. 66 00:05:14,120 --> 00:05:20,480 What I like to do is to open terminals in new tabs and I can't change that on their preferences 67 00:05:25,010 --> 00:05:27,150 open you turn a tab. 68 00:05:27,530 --> 00:05:32,540 And again not to say that here I don't have an Apply button or an OK button like in Windows it just 69 00:05:32,540 --> 00:05:34,200 automatically takes you something. 70 00:05:34,290 --> 00:05:35,770 I close that. 71 00:05:35,770 --> 00:05:40,010 I do file open terminal and it opens in a new tab. 72 00:05:40,100 --> 00:05:47,330 I can open as many terminals as they want and when I'm done I can close whatever terminal and onwards. 73 00:05:47,330 --> 00:05:52,670 Now obviously you might be wondering what if I want to open another terminal and a new window because 74 00:05:52,670 --> 00:05:59,600 to do that by going to the favorites for right clicking and you went to one other thing you can do if 75 00:05:59,600 --> 00:06:03,120 you wish to change the way your terminal colors look like. 76 00:06:03,230 --> 00:06:05,650 And you can do that under the profiles. 77 00:06:05,660 --> 00:06:08,700 I'm going to create a new profile for the sake of this exercise. 78 00:06:15,880 --> 00:06:21,380 I'm going to call that red and I'm going to change the colors. 79 00:06:21,450 --> 00:06:26,770 This by the way are some preset themes they can pick and choose from. 80 00:06:26,780 --> 00:06:34,990 I'm going to do my own thing and I'm going to change the text color for example to red and the background 81 00:06:35,020 --> 00:06:43,370 color to white and I'm going to close that. 82 00:06:43,380 --> 00:06:49,860 So what happens now if I try to open a new terminal I can choose that option and I have a new terminal 83 00:06:50,190 --> 00:06:52,190 with completely different settings. 84 00:06:52,200 --> 00:06:57,810 This is useful for example if you're logged in as Drew just so you can remind yourself that you are 85 00:06:57,810 --> 00:07:02,310 logged in as the super user and you need to be careful what commands you're executing. 86 00:07:02,310 --> 00:07:07,020 So the terminal will look different it will feel different it will remind you to be careful of what 87 00:07:07,020 --> 00:07:08,140 you're doing. 88 00:07:08,230 --> 00:07:11,640 Obviously it can also change the fonts and a whole bunch of other things. 89 00:07:11,670 --> 00:07:12,550 Let me explore those. 90 00:07:12,540 --> 00:07:17,030 And you don't experiment with this for a while and then we can move on to the next section where we're 91 00:07:17,040 --> 00:07:20,340 going to be learning some tips and tricks and shortcuts that terminal. 10057