All language subtitles for S32E06 - Guitar Pickups; Heated Furniture; Water Well Cylinders; Nonconductive Tools (1080p AMZN WEB-DL x265 Garshasp)_track4_[eng]
Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated:
1
00:00:01,620 --> 00:00:04,620
--captions by vitac--
Www.Vitac.Com
2
00:00:04,620 --> 00:00:07,586
Captions paid for by
Discovery communications
3
00:00:53,172 --> 00:00:55,206
Narrator:
Guitar pickups were invented
4
00:00:55,206 --> 00:00:57,620
During the time
Of the big-band era.
5
00:00:57,620 --> 00:01:02,517
Jazz music incorporated both
Guitar and large brass sections.
6
00:01:02,517 --> 00:01:05,034
To offset a guitar's
Mellow tones,
7
00:01:05,034 --> 00:01:08,689
A pickup device was developed
To amplify the vibration
8
00:01:08,689 --> 00:01:12,206
Of the guitar's strings,
Generating a louder sound.
9
00:01:14,310 --> 00:01:18,241
The guitar pickup was invented
In the early 20th century.
10
00:01:18,241 --> 00:01:21,689
The device allowed musicians
To plug into a new sound
11
00:01:21,689 --> 00:01:25,793
That would later
Define rock 'n' roll.
12
00:01:25,793 --> 00:01:29,000
Production starts with
An edged steel part.
13
00:01:31,103 --> 00:01:33,689
A technician applies glue
To the spine
14
00:01:33,689 --> 00:01:35,413
And attaches plastic strips
15
00:01:35,413 --> 00:01:39,034
To the glued areas
For full adhesion.
16
00:01:39,034 --> 00:01:42,310
He glues a second edged
Steel part to the first,
17
00:01:42,310 --> 00:01:45,068
Creating a bobbin
For wire windings.
18
00:01:49,655 --> 00:01:51,758
He applies clear polyester tape
19
00:01:51,758 --> 00:01:54,206
Along the inner edges
Of the bobbin.
20
00:01:54,206 --> 00:01:57,103
The tape will serve
As electrical insulation,
21
00:01:57,103 --> 00:01:59,206
Supplementing
An insulating coating
22
00:01:59,206 --> 00:02:01,172
That's been applied
To the metal.
23
00:02:03,310 --> 00:02:06,275
Using an abrasive wheel,
He scuffs off the finish
24
00:02:06,275 --> 00:02:09,482
On the end of the bobbin
To prepare it for soldering.
25
00:02:14,413 --> 00:02:18,275
The scuffed bobbin
Is the one on the left.
26
00:02:18,275 --> 00:02:21,517
Then the bobbin is mounted
To a winding mandrel.
27
00:02:24,448 --> 00:02:26,931
The craftsman wraps
Thin copper wire
28
00:02:26,931 --> 00:02:28,862
Around the end of the bobbin
29
00:02:28,862 --> 00:02:31,448
And activates
The winding mandrel.
30
00:02:31,448 --> 00:02:35,034
As the mandrel spins, the bobbin
Gathers the copper wire
31
00:02:35,034 --> 00:02:39,137
Together to produce a wad
That's 4,000 windings thick.
32
00:02:45,517 --> 00:02:48,965
The bobbin containing thousands
Of copper-wire windings
33
00:02:48,965 --> 00:02:53,172
Has created a path
For magnetic energy.
34
00:02:53,172 --> 00:02:58,241
Next, the ends of the copper
Wire are soldered to the bobbin.
35
00:02:58,241 --> 00:03:01,310
The craftsman applies a direct
Current through the coil
36
00:03:01,310 --> 00:03:04,275
And measures
The electrical resistance.
37
00:03:04,275 --> 00:03:07,310
Once the current falls
Within the acceptable range,
38
00:03:07,310 --> 00:03:10,344
He solders connection cables
To the windings.
39
00:03:13,344 --> 00:03:17,000
Then the coil is submerged
In hot liquid wax.
40
00:03:17,000 --> 00:03:19,413
The wax will encase
The wire windings
41
00:03:19,413 --> 00:03:22,793
To prevent
Mechanical vibrations.
42
00:03:22,793 --> 00:03:28,000
Next, the craftsman inserts
Brass pins into a press fixture.
43
00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:31,034
He places a steel channel
On top of the pins,
44
00:03:31,034 --> 00:03:33,931
Piercing the pins
Through the channel.
45
00:03:33,931 --> 00:03:36,620
He flattens the heads of
The pins with the press
46
00:03:36,620 --> 00:03:40,379
While allowing the ends
To extend through the channel.
47
00:03:40,379 --> 00:03:42,344
To stabilize the assembly,
48
00:03:42,344 --> 00:03:44,482
He places rubber
And steel washers
49
00:03:44,482 --> 00:03:46,551
Over the protruding pins.
50
00:03:48,689 --> 00:03:52,551
He mounts a brass plate to
The pins and adds more washers
51
00:03:52,551 --> 00:03:55,000
To electrically ground
The assembly.
52
00:03:58,275 --> 00:04:01,241
The craftsman presses the pins
To flatten them,
53
00:04:01,241 --> 00:04:04,068
Securing the plate
To the channel.
54
00:04:04,068 --> 00:04:06,793
A second steel channel
Is attached to the plate
55
00:04:06,793 --> 00:04:09,586
On top of the first channel.
56
00:04:09,586 --> 00:04:13,034
The dual coil assembly contains
A higher output
57
00:04:13,034 --> 00:04:17,827
And will counteract
Electromagnetic interference.
58
00:04:17,827 --> 00:04:21,413
While most pickups have magnets
Inside the coils,
59
00:04:21,413 --> 00:04:25,413
This pickup contains magnets
On the outside of the coils.
60
00:04:25,413 --> 00:04:29,034
This design reduces hum
From electrical interference.
61
00:04:31,344 --> 00:04:34,310
The craftsman solders
A ground wire to the unit
62
00:04:34,310 --> 00:04:36,689
And applies more solder
To one of the pins
63
00:04:36,689 --> 00:04:40,275
To connect the coil cables.
64
00:04:40,275 --> 00:04:43,034
The coils are inserted
In the channels.
65
00:04:45,310 --> 00:04:47,310
A burnt-chrome finish
Can be applied
66
00:04:47,310 --> 00:04:49,379
To the pickup's outer casing.
67
00:04:49,379 --> 00:04:52,379
The burnt-chrome casing produces
A discoloration
68
00:04:52,379 --> 00:04:55,206
That adds visual interest.
69
00:04:55,206 --> 00:04:59,689
He now pipes a generous amount
Of epoxy into the casing cavity
70
00:04:59,689 --> 00:05:03,137
And inserts the pickup.
71
00:05:03,137 --> 00:05:05,620
He solders wire from the cover
To the pickup
72
00:05:05,620 --> 00:05:07,896
To ground the unit.
73
00:05:07,896 --> 00:05:11,000
The pickup is placed over
The strings of a guitar,
74
00:05:11,000 --> 00:05:13,172
And he plugs it
Into an amplifier.
75
00:05:15,517 --> 00:05:18,000
Once he confirms the tone
Is acceptable,
76
00:05:18,000 --> 00:05:20,241
He measures the resistance.
77
00:05:21,103 --> 00:05:22,827
The craftsman tests
The direction
78
00:05:22,827 --> 00:05:25,241
The current travels
Through the pickup.
79
00:05:25,241 --> 00:05:27,310
This method is called phase.
80
00:05:27,310 --> 00:05:30,413
He also assesses the strength
Of the magnetic field
81
00:05:30,413 --> 00:05:34,068
Through a method
Known as polarity.
82
00:05:34,068 --> 00:05:36,172
Even though it's taken
Just 15 minutes
83
00:05:36,172 --> 00:05:38,034
To make this guitar pickup,
84
00:05:38,034 --> 00:05:41,793
Due to its sustainability,
It should last for years,
85
00:05:41,793 --> 00:05:45,172
Providing musicians
With plenty of good vibes.
86
00:05:56,068 --> 00:05:58,103
Narrator:
When you're sitting outdoors
87
00:05:58,103 --> 00:05:59,827
And it starts getting chilly,
88
00:05:59,827 --> 00:06:02,862
You can shiver,
Put on more layers of clothing,
89
00:06:02,862 --> 00:06:04,689
Or press a button
To let the furniture
90
00:06:04,689 --> 00:06:06,758
You're sitting on warm you up.
91
00:06:06,758 --> 00:06:10,965
Designed for use in the outdoors
And in colder indoor spaces,
92
00:06:10,965 --> 00:06:13,724
Heated furniture
Is a hot new trend.
93
00:06:15,965 --> 00:06:19,241
This heated lounge is hip
And practical.
94
00:06:19,241 --> 00:06:22,448
Discreet drain holes
Prevent rainwater from puddling,
95
00:06:22,448 --> 00:06:24,827
And the easy-to-reach heat
Control knob
96
00:06:24,827 --> 00:06:27,379
Is located underneath the seat.
97
00:06:27,379 --> 00:06:29,379
Benches, multi-seat lounges,
98
00:06:29,379 --> 00:06:34,172
And single chairs can all be
Made into heated furniture.
99
00:06:34,172 --> 00:06:36,689
The first step is to coat
A fiberglass mold
100
00:06:36,689 --> 00:06:39,000
With a release agent.
101
00:06:39,965 --> 00:06:42,965
Once a rubber insert is glued
Into the drain hole,
102
00:06:42,965 --> 00:06:44,896
A technician mixes
The ingredients
103
00:06:44,896 --> 00:06:47,379
For the casting
Material together.
104
00:06:47,379 --> 00:06:50,689
Ingredients include pigment
Containing metal oxides,
105
00:06:50,689 --> 00:06:54,000
Which prevent color fading,
A concrete mix containing
106
00:06:54,000 --> 00:06:57,379
A blend of fibers for extra
Strength and resistance,
107
00:06:57,379 --> 00:07:01,068
And water containing
Proprietary additives.
108
00:07:01,068 --> 00:07:04,551
The ingredients are mixed
Together for about three minutes
109
00:07:04,551 --> 00:07:09,103
Until the concrete is
The consistency of cake batter.
110
00:07:09,103 --> 00:07:12,448
A thin layer is sprayed
On to the fiberglass mold,
111
00:07:12,448 --> 00:07:16,379
And any raised areas are
Flattened to remove air bubbles.
112
00:07:19,172 --> 00:07:22,241
The chair's color will never
Rub off or peel
113
00:07:22,241 --> 00:07:26,862
Because the pigment is mixed
Right into the concrete.
114
00:07:26,862 --> 00:07:29,620
Next, technicians add
The heating element,
115
00:07:29,620 --> 00:07:33,172
A cable that is wrapped around
The piece of furniture.
116
00:07:33,172 --> 00:07:36,758
The cable is tacked in place
With a separate mix of concrete
117
00:07:36,758 --> 00:07:39,620
That has a higher fiber content.
118
00:07:39,620 --> 00:07:42,793
The entire heating element
Is embedded in a full coat
119
00:07:42,793 --> 00:07:44,965
Of the high-fiber concrete.
120
00:07:44,965 --> 00:07:47,931
Then a finishing coat
Of the first mix is applied,
121
00:07:47,931 --> 00:07:50,517
And the structure is left
To cure at room temperature
122
00:07:50,517 --> 00:07:52,896
For 24 hours.
123
00:07:52,896 --> 00:07:57,103
Now cured, this white chair
Is ready to be extracted.
124
00:07:57,103 --> 00:07:59,000
A technician pumps
Compressed air
125
00:07:59,000 --> 00:08:01,103
Through the drain-hole insert.
126
00:08:01,103 --> 00:08:03,379
Due to the release agent
Application,
127
00:08:03,379 --> 00:08:06,931
The cast chair easily
Pops off the mold.
128
00:08:08,034 --> 00:08:11,620
The rough edges are smoothed
With a diamond file.
129
00:08:14,034 --> 00:08:16,551
Then the drain-hole plug
Is removed.
130
00:08:21,620 --> 00:08:25,137
At another station, a technician
Coats the entire surface
131
00:08:25,137 --> 00:08:28,931
Of another chair with a sealant
That blocks moisture.
132
00:08:28,931 --> 00:08:31,586
Moisture penetration
Weakens concrete
133
00:08:31,586 --> 00:08:35,965
And draws out the natural salt,
Which leaves white stains.
134
00:08:35,965 --> 00:08:40,137
Meanwhile, a welder constructs
The chair's frame with parts
135
00:08:40,137 --> 00:08:43,551
Made out of stainless-steel
Tubes and plates.
136
00:08:43,551 --> 00:08:46,620
The chair has three legs,
Plus cross members
137
00:08:46,620 --> 00:08:49,758
That act as conduits
For electrical wires.
138
00:08:49,758 --> 00:08:52,896
The cross members connect
To a stainless-steel box,
139
00:08:52,896 --> 00:08:55,586
Which will house
The temperature control unit.
140
00:09:00,724 --> 00:09:03,137
A technician fills the channel
With adhesive
141
00:09:03,137 --> 00:09:04,862
Along the perimeter.
142
00:09:07,379 --> 00:09:11,172
He places the frame
Into the channel.
143
00:09:11,172 --> 00:09:14,275
The adhesive will take
A day to cure.
144
00:09:15,275 --> 00:09:18,000
Next, the electrical wiring
Is assembled.
145
00:09:18,000 --> 00:09:20,448
The technician fishes
Two electrical wires
146
00:09:20,448 --> 00:09:21,758
Through the frame.
147
00:09:21,758 --> 00:09:23,896
One wire connects
The power-cord plug
148
00:09:23,896 --> 00:09:25,896
To the temperature control unit.
149
00:09:25,896 --> 00:09:28,379
The other runs from
The temperature control unit
150
00:09:28,379 --> 00:09:30,655
To the temperature
Control switch.
151
00:09:30,655 --> 00:09:34,931
He glues the switch into a hole
In the right front leg.
152
00:09:34,931 --> 00:09:38,793
All the wires are embedded in
Rubber, making them waterproof.
153
00:09:42,344 --> 00:09:45,206
The temperature control unit
Is installed in the box
154
00:09:45,206 --> 00:09:48,172
At the center of the frame.
155
00:09:48,172 --> 00:09:51,827
Then a temperature sensor is
Installed underneath the seat.
156
00:09:54,206 --> 00:09:57,586
The technician hammers plastic
And stainless-steel feet
157
00:09:57,586 --> 00:09:59,689
Into the bottom of the legs.
158
00:09:59,689 --> 00:10:02,517
This prevents the legs from
Scratching the floor
159
00:10:02,517 --> 00:10:06,379
And levels the furniture
On an uneven surface.
160
00:10:07,275 --> 00:10:12,206
Lastly, a bronze drain
Is inserted into the drain hole.
161
00:10:12,206 --> 00:10:15,758
A quality controlled heat test
Measures the surface temperature
162
00:10:15,758 --> 00:10:17,724
With an infrared thermometer.
163
00:10:19,931 --> 00:10:23,517
If all is operating correctly,
The sensor under the seat
164
00:10:23,517 --> 00:10:26,724
Tells the thermostat
And the temperature control unit
165
00:10:26,724 --> 00:10:29,724
When to turn the heat on or off.
166
00:10:39,310 --> 00:10:41,689
Narrator: ever since
The ancient egyptians developed
167
00:10:41,689 --> 00:10:44,379
The shaduf around
4,000 years ago,
168
00:10:44,379 --> 00:10:47,896
People have been creating
New ways to move water.
169
00:10:47,896 --> 00:10:50,137
Before people relied on
Electricity,
170
00:10:50,137 --> 00:10:54,137
Windmills generated power
Using water-well cylinders.
171
00:10:54,137 --> 00:10:56,724
These simple but highly
Effective mechanisms
172
00:10:56,724 --> 00:10:58,655
Are still in use today.
173
00:11:00,896 --> 00:11:02,896
Production of this
Water-well cylinder
174
00:11:02,896 --> 00:11:05,551
Began in the late 1800s.
175
00:11:05,551 --> 00:11:09,931
The design was so effective,
It hasn't changed since.
176
00:11:10,931 --> 00:11:14,413
To create the valves integral
To water-well cylinders,
177
00:11:14,413 --> 00:11:17,379
The process starts
With a specialized mold
178
00:11:17,379 --> 00:11:20,034
Made out of compressed sand.
179
00:11:20,034 --> 00:11:23,413
These orange tube-shaped objects
Are called cores,
180
00:11:23,413 --> 00:11:26,068
Also made from compressed sand.
181
00:11:26,068 --> 00:11:28,896
The cores allow molten metal
To flow around them,
182
00:11:28,896 --> 00:11:32,724
Ensuring that the valve cage
Remains hollow.
183
00:11:32,724 --> 00:11:35,379
With the top of the mold casing
In place,
184
00:11:35,379 --> 00:11:39,413
The assembly moves to the next
Station on the production line.
185
00:11:40,965 --> 00:11:45,344
A robotic arm lowers the jacket
And weight on to each mold
186
00:11:45,344 --> 00:11:48,965
To prevent the molten metal
From escaping.
187
00:11:48,965 --> 00:11:52,275
A metal worker drops pieces of
Metal, called returns,
188
00:11:52,275 --> 00:11:54,000
Into a crucible.
189
00:11:57,931 --> 00:11:59,724
When the temperature
Of the molten metal
190
00:11:59,724 --> 00:12:05,206
Reaches 2,102 degrees
Fahrenheit, it's ready to pour.
191
00:12:05,206 --> 00:12:07,379
Another metal worker
Uses a device
192
00:12:07,379 --> 00:12:11,241
Called a cradle to hoist
And move the crucible.
193
00:12:11,241 --> 00:12:14,551
He pours the liquefied metal
Into a sprue hole,
194
00:12:14,551 --> 00:12:18,896
Which flows
Into the mold openings.
195
00:12:18,896 --> 00:12:23,413
The molds cool as they head
To a vibratory conveyor system.
196
00:12:23,413 --> 00:12:25,965
The vibrations
Break the sand apart,
197
00:12:25,965 --> 00:12:30,931
Leaving in its place
The newly formed metal parts.
198
00:12:30,931 --> 00:12:33,724
A technician removes the parts
With a hook
199
00:12:33,724 --> 00:12:36,724
And mounts them on
An overhead transport system.
200
00:12:36,724 --> 00:12:41,310
The transport system carries
Them into a blast machine.
201
00:12:41,310 --> 00:12:45,172
Inside, steel shot blasts
The metal clean.
202
00:12:47,965 --> 00:12:50,724
When the parts emerge
From the blast machine,
203
00:12:50,724 --> 00:12:54,413
The castings are ready
For the next phase.
204
00:12:54,413 --> 00:12:57,482
Using a band saw
With a diamond-tipped blade,
205
00:12:57,482 --> 00:12:59,965
A metal worker carefully
Cuts the castings
206
00:12:59,965 --> 00:13:02,172
Into their component parts.
207
00:13:05,931 --> 00:13:09,137
Rough castings have a seam
Called a parting line,
208
00:13:09,137 --> 00:13:11,551
Where the two halves
Of a mold meet.
209
00:13:11,551 --> 00:13:15,103
A metal worker grinds off
The excess casting.
210
00:13:15,103 --> 00:13:19,413
The rough casting goes through
A machining process.
211
00:13:19,413 --> 00:13:21,172
As the valves are assembled,
212
00:13:21,172 --> 00:13:24,379
A small piece of newspaper
Is placed inside
213
00:13:24,379 --> 00:13:28,068
To prevent any damage
To the balls during shipment.
214
00:13:28,068 --> 00:13:32,034
These brass, precision-ground
Balls are crucial components
215
00:13:32,034 --> 00:13:34,448
That permit
Or prevent water flow
216
00:13:34,448 --> 00:13:39,000
As they move up
And down inside the valve cage.
217
00:13:39,000 --> 00:13:42,034
These components are made
Of leather that's been pressed,
218
00:13:42,034 --> 00:13:45,586
Formed, and coated with
Graphite to lubricate them.
219
00:13:46,931 --> 00:13:48,275
Water-well cylinders
220
00:13:48,275 --> 00:13:51,551
Have both a check valve
And a plunger valve.
221
00:13:51,551 --> 00:13:55,241
A technician tightens a follower
On a plunger valve.
222
00:13:55,241 --> 00:13:57,344
While a check valve
Remains stationary
223
00:13:57,344 --> 00:13:59,586
And prevents water
From escaping,
224
00:13:59,586 --> 00:14:01,758
A plunger valve isn't fixed,
225
00:14:01,758 --> 00:14:05,965
So it allows water
To move out the top.
226
00:14:05,965 --> 00:14:09,689
A water-well cylinder
Requires caps and connectors.
227
00:14:09,689 --> 00:14:14,793
A cnc lathe machines a brass cap
To the required parameters.
228
00:14:14,793 --> 00:14:17,896
As the component spins
At 800 rpm,
229
00:14:17,896 --> 00:14:20,862
Carbide-tipped
Cutting tools hone, bore,
230
00:14:20,862 --> 00:14:23,655
And thread it where needed.
231
00:14:23,655 --> 00:14:26,517
The cylinders are made
From brass tubing.
232
00:14:26,517 --> 00:14:29,068
The 3-millimeter-thick
Seamless tubing
233
00:14:29,068 --> 00:14:32,413
Is made from a brass billet
Heated until soft enough
234
00:14:32,413 --> 00:14:36,931
To draw through
An inner and outer die.
235
00:14:36,931 --> 00:14:40,448
The result is a strong,
Corrosion-resistant cylinder
236
00:14:40,448 --> 00:14:45,206
That can handle water pressure
And immersion for decades.
237
00:14:45,206 --> 00:14:48,448
A cnc device threads both ends
Of the cylinder
238
00:14:48,448 --> 00:14:51,724
To receive the cap
And connector.
239
00:14:51,724 --> 00:14:54,551
A technician brushes
A pipe-compound sealant
240
00:14:54,551 --> 00:14:56,068
On to the threads.
241
00:14:56,068 --> 00:14:59,172
The sealant ensures
A watertight fit.
242
00:14:59,172 --> 00:15:04,000
Then he screws the cap to
The bottom end of the cylinder.
243
00:15:04,000 --> 00:15:09,482
He adds the top connector and
Inserts both ends into a lathe.
244
00:15:09,482 --> 00:15:13,068
With the bottom held firmly
In place by the lathe chuck,
245
00:15:13,068 --> 00:15:15,275
He places a wrench
On the top end
246
00:15:15,275 --> 00:15:17,758
And lets the machine
Tighten the parts.
247
00:15:21,000 --> 00:15:23,379
Next, the check valve
And the plunger valve
248
00:15:23,379 --> 00:15:26,965
Are inserted into the cylinder.
249
00:15:26,965 --> 00:15:29,137
This clear acrylic version
Of the cylinder
250
00:15:29,137 --> 00:15:32,275
Demonstrates
How the process works.
251
00:15:32,275 --> 00:15:34,862
As the plunger valve
Slides up and down,
252
00:15:34,862 --> 00:15:39,034
The check valve
Remains stationary.
253
00:15:39,034 --> 00:15:43,862
It's hard not to be pumped about
An old technology so good.
254
00:15:54,344 --> 00:15:56,931
Narrator: nonconductive digging
And cutting tools
255
00:15:56,931 --> 00:15:59,827
Protect workers from
Potential hazards such as
256
00:15:59,827 --> 00:16:01,931
Underground power lines.
257
00:16:01,931 --> 00:16:04,724
When a nonconductive tool
Hits a live wire,
258
00:16:04,724 --> 00:16:06,827
The risk is neutralized.
259
00:16:06,827 --> 00:16:09,344
The handle blocks the flow
Of electrons
260
00:16:09,344 --> 00:16:13,551
And reduces the risk
Of unexpected shocks.
261
00:16:13,551 --> 00:16:15,931
Workers who need to dig
Run the risk
262
00:16:15,931 --> 00:16:18,413
Of hitting live
Electrical wires.
263
00:16:18,413 --> 00:16:20,965
The nonconductive handles
Of these tools
264
00:16:20,965 --> 00:16:23,000
Will counteract
The flow of electricity,
265
00:16:23,000 --> 00:16:26,206
Stopping danger in its path.
266
00:16:26,206 --> 00:16:28,655
The handles are made
Of fiberglass.
267
00:16:28,655 --> 00:16:32,206
They are made using a process
Known as pultrusion.
268
00:16:32,206 --> 00:16:33,965
A machine pulls glass twine
269
00:16:33,965 --> 00:16:36,413
Through the stages
Of production.
270
00:16:36,413 --> 00:16:40,655
Each piece of twine is comprised
Of hundreds of glass strands.
271
00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:45,413
The twine unwinds through
An orange resin bath,
272
00:16:45,413 --> 00:16:48,655
Which permeates
The glass fibers.
273
00:16:48,655 --> 00:16:51,275
A die compresses
The resin-soaked glass
274
00:16:51,275 --> 00:16:53,758
To a specific length and width.
275
00:16:53,758 --> 00:16:58,310
The result is slightly larger
Than what is ultimately needed.
276
00:16:58,310 --> 00:17:00,551
The compressed fiberglass
Travels through
277
00:17:00,551 --> 00:17:04,206
A microwave oven for preheating.
278
00:17:04,206 --> 00:17:07,586
Then the fiberglass enters
A second heated die.
279
00:17:07,586 --> 00:17:12,000
The process squeezes the handle
To its final size, shapes it,
280
00:17:12,000 --> 00:17:14,000
And cures the material.
281
00:17:14,000 --> 00:17:15,586
As it's pulled forward,
282
00:17:15,586 --> 00:17:19,793
The long fiberglass form cools
And solidifies.
283
00:17:19,793 --> 00:17:23,379
This machine, called the
Tractor, is doing the pulling.
284
00:17:23,379 --> 00:17:27,448
The tractor's treaded rubber
Pads grab the fiberglass shaft
285
00:17:27,448 --> 00:17:30,137
And deliver it
To a circular saw.
286
00:17:30,137 --> 00:17:34,586
The saw slices the fiberglass
Shaft to a specified length.
287
00:17:34,586 --> 00:17:37,620
Since the fiberglass is only
Partially cured,
288
00:17:37,620 --> 00:17:42,137
The handles are cooled at
Room temperature for 24 hours.
289
00:17:42,137 --> 00:17:45,758
The handles vary based
On the type of tool.
290
00:17:45,758 --> 00:17:49,034
A machinist cuts one end of
The handle on an angle
291
00:17:49,034 --> 00:17:50,896
To fit the blade shank.
292
00:17:54,655 --> 00:17:56,344
Using a sharp disc,
293
00:17:56,344 --> 00:18:00,275
He carves spiral grooves
At the base of the angle cut.
294
00:18:00,275 --> 00:18:03,034
These grooves allow
The shovel shank to fuse
295
00:18:03,034 --> 00:18:04,758
With the end of the handle.
296
00:18:07,793 --> 00:18:11,655
Next, the handle is placed
In an injection-molding machine
297
00:18:11,655 --> 00:18:15,206
With the grooved end
Extended into the mold.
298
00:18:15,206 --> 00:18:18,103
Glass-filled nylon pellets move
Through the machine's
299
00:18:18,103 --> 00:18:21,275
Heated chamber and melt.
300
00:18:21,275 --> 00:18:24,862
An auger forces the thick liquid
Into the mold.
301
00:18:24,862 --> 00:18:28,344
The shovel shank takes shape
Around the end of the handle,
302
00:18:28,344 --> 00:18:32,551
And glass-filled nylon liquid
Flows into the grooves.
303
00:18:32,551 --> 00:18:35,344
The shank becomes integral
To the handle.
304
00:18:37,862 --> 00:18:41,034
Next, a machinist clips
The excess material
305
00:18:41,034 --> 00:18:43,241
From the newly formed shank.
306
00:18:43,241 --> 00:18:46,827
The glass and nylon shank
Is also nonconductive.
307
00:18:46,827 --> 00:18:51,758
The shank end is submerged
In a cooling bath.
308
00:18:51,758 --> 00:18:55,482
Using a drill, the machinist
Removes bolts from nuts
309
00:18:55,482 --> 00:18:58,310
Installed in the shank
During molding.
310
00:18:58,310 --> 00:19:01,275
This leaves the nuts embedded
In the shank.
311
00:19:01,275 --> 00:19:04,068
They'll be used to attach
The shovel blade.
312
00:19:07,689 --> 00:19:10,931
Meanwhile, another technician
Applies a rubber gasket
313
00:19:10,931 --> 00:19:12,827
To the end of the shank.
314
00:19:12,827 --> 00:19:16,344
The gasket has holes
That keep the nuts open.
315
00:19:16,344 --> 00:19:19,103
He places the shovel blade
On the assembly,
316
00:19:19,103 --> 00:19:21,482
Aligning the holes
With the nuts.
317
00:19:21,482 --> 00:19:25,172
He secures the shovel blade
To the shank with screws.
318
00:19:28,620 --> 00:19:32,103
It's nonconductive from
The handle to the metal blade,
319
00:19:32,103 --> 00:19:36,448
So the user can safely grip it
At almost any spot.
320
00:19:37,275 --> 00:19:39,413
Apart from being nonconductive,
321
00:19:39,413 --> 00:19:42,137
This shovel must also
Be heavy-duty.
322
00:19:44,655 --> 00:19:46,241
To test its strength,
323
00:19:46,241 --> 00:19:49,241
An inspector inserts
The blade into a machine.
324
00:19:52,379 --> 00:19:54,655
Once he has determined
The test area,
325
00:19:54,655 --> 00:19:57,068
The chain is connected
To a container filled
326
00:19:57,068 --> 00:20:00,379
With sand bags
That weigh 250 pounds.
327
00:20:02,896 --> 00:20:05,448
He lowers the platform
That holds the load
328
00:20:05,448 --> 00:20:07,517
And observes the handle.
329
00:20:07,517 --> 00:20:13,206
If the handle bends but doesn't
Break, it's sufficiently strong.
330
00:20:13,206 --> 00:20:16,448
The inspector places the shovel
In another tester
331
00:20:16,448 --> 00:20:19,793
And runs 10,000 volts
Of electricity through the tool
332
00:20:19,793 --> 00:20:24,137
To measure the leakage
At the end of the handle.
333
00:20:24,137 --> 00:20:28,275
If it's minimal, he assigns the
Shovel a unique serial number
334
00:20:28,275 --> 00:20:29,931
And brands it as certified
335
00:20:29,931 --> 00:20:32,103
According to
Electrical standards.
336
00:20:35,137 --> 00:20:39,448
On site, a nonconductive tool
Can be indispensable,
337
00:20:39,448 --> 00:20:41,931
Providing the user a safe handle
338
00:20:41,931 --> 00:20:45,137
On a potentially
Dangerous situation.
28037
Can't find what you're looking for?
Get subtitles in any language from opensubtitles.com, and translate them here.