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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:16,148 --> 00:00:18,673 Mere president will not do. 2 00:00:20,386 --> 00:00:22,581 There are presidents of fire companies 3 00:00:22,622 --> 00:00:25,887 and cricket clubs. 4 00:00:25,925 --> 00:00:29,622 This new federal government must command respect 5 00:00:29,662 --> 00:00:33,621 and the titles of federal office must ensure that respect. 6 00:00:33,666 --> 00:00:36,533 How long does Mr. Adams intend to waste this assembly's time 7 00:00:36,569 --> 00:00:38,867 on matters of no import? 8 00:00:38,905 --> 00:00:42,204 No import? No imp... 9 00:00:42,241 --> 00:00:46,007 There is nothing of greater importance, Mr. MacClay. 10 00:00:46,045 --> 00:00:48,570 The office of president 11 00:00:48,614 --> 00:00:51,310 must have no equal in the world. 12 00:00:53,719 --> 00:00:55,311 Neither dignity nor authority 13 00:00:55,354 --> 00:00:57,447 can be supported in human minds 14 00:00:57,490 --> 00:00:59,515 without the weight 15 00:00:59,559 --> 00:01:02,585 of splendor and majesty, sir. 16 00:01:02,628 --> 00:01:04,823 Does the vice president have a title in mind? 17 00:01:04,864 --> 00:01:08,197 I do indeed, sir. I have several. 18 00:01:11,203 --> 00:01:13,637 His Highness the President. 19 00:01:17,043 --> 00:01:20,672 Or His Esteemed Majesty the President. 20 00:01:22,982 --> 00:01:26,941 Or His Excellency 21 00:01:26,986 --> 00:01:30,012 the Supreme Commander in Chief. 22 00:01:35,595 --> 00:01:38,325 Or something of the sort. 23 00:01:38,364 --> 00:01:40,093 Ahem! 24 00:01:40,132 --> 00:01:42,965 Perhaps Mr. Adams has not had occasion 25 00:01:43,002 --> 00:01:44,526 to peruse our Constitution. 26 00:01:45,938 --> 00:01:49,533 It explicitly states, 27 00:01:49,575 --> 00:01:52,510 "No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States." 28 00:01:52,545 --> 00:01:55,639 These are not titles of heredity that I am proposing... 29 00:01:57,049 --> 00:01:59,176 but titles conferred for merit 30 00:01:59,218 --> 00:02:01,413 and titles that will only accompany 31 00:02:01,454 --> 00:02:03,945 positions of high federal responsibility. 32 00:02:07,927 --> 00:02:09,189 Indeed. Federal. 33 00:02:09,228 --> 00:02:11,219 Ridiculous. 34 00:02:14,300 --> 00:02:16,495 The motion before us is that the president 35 00:02:16,535 --> 00:02:19,732 be addressed as His Highness 36 00:02:19,772 --> 00:02:22,741 the President of the United States of America 37 00:02:22,775 --> 00:02:25,505 and protector of the rights of the same. 38 00:02:25,544 --> 00:02:27,375 Those in favor? 39 00:02:28,981 --> 00:02:30,846 Aye. 40 00:02:32,885 --> 00:02:34,648 - Those opposed? - No! 41 00:02:34,687 --> 00:02:36,484 - No! - No! 42 00:02:43,129 --> 00:02:44,926 His Rotundity 43 00:02:44,964 --> 00:02:48,127 the Vice President and Duke of Braintree. 44 00:02:48,167 --> 00:02:50,533 I'd second that, indeed. 45 00:05:03,002 --> 00:05:06,130 His Rotundity, the Duke of Braintree. 46 00:05:06,172 --> 00:05:08,037 You should have consulted the president first. 47 00:05:08,073 --> 00:05:10,132 All this talk of titles. 48 00:05:10,176 --> 00:05:12,144 What is the job of the vice president 49 00:05:12,178 --> 00:05:14,544 if not to advise the president? 50 00:05:14,580 --> 00:05:17,572 When the president requires your advice, John, 51 00:05:17,616 --> 00:05:20,949 he will most surely ask for it. Patience. 52 00:05:20,986 --> 00:05:23,819 I was merely trying to impress upon the Senate 53 00:05:23,856 --> 00:05:25,721 the importance of cloaking the presidency 54 00:05:25,758 --> 00:05:27,248 in the mantle of authority. 55 00:05:29,695 --> 00:05:33,461 Now I have seen what the future holds, Abigail. 56 00:05:34,567 --> 00:05:37,730 Men and manners, principles, opinions... 57 00:05:37,770 --> 00:05:41,331 they've altered very much in this country. 58 00:05:41,373 --> 00:05:43,739 Authority is our only protection 59 00:05:43,776 --> 00:05:46,836 against discord, civil war and sedition. 60 00:05:46,879 --> 00:05:48,972 Now the office of the president, no doubt, 61 00:05:49,014 --> 00:05:51,039 is sufficient to establish such authority. 62 00:05:51,083 --> 00:05:52,550 But we must not be surprised 63 00:05:52,585 --> 00:05:54,382 if we ever find we need a monarch 64 00:05:54,420 --> 00:05:56,320 - to keep us from coming asunder! - You would do well 65 00:05:56,355 --> 00:05:58,585 to keep your thoughts to yourself, John. 66 00:05:58,624 --> 00:06:01,684 People will say that your mind 67 00:06:01,727 --> 00:06:04,787 has been tainted by foreign courts. 68 00:06:04,830 --> 00:06:07,264 They are already saying such things in Boston. 69 00:06:07,299 --> 00:06:09,460 A man cannot go to Europe 70 00:06:09,501 --> 00:06:11,401 without being tainted, 71 00:06:11,437 --> 00:06:13,428 as you well know. 72 00:06:22,414 --> 00:06:24,712 As I was sent there on the people's business, 73 00:06:24,750 --> 00:06:26,650 if some taint has stuck to me, 74 00:06:26,685 --> 00:06:30,314 perhaps the people ought to pay me for the damages. 75 00:06:31,323 --> 00:06:33,291 Where are you going? 76 00:06:33,325 --> 00:06:35,885 We'll finish this conversation when you regain your senses. 77 00:06:38,063 --> 00:06:39,792 I, uh... 78 00:06:39,832 --> 00:06:43,199 I was not aware that I had lost them. 79 00:06:43,235 --> 00:06:44,702 Well, you have. 80 00:06:44,737 --> 00:06:47,297 Hold a moment, hold. 81 00:06:49,775 --> 00:06:53,211 I shall endeavor to be more patient... 82 00:06:54,580 --> 00:06:56,548 and I will look to you 83 00:06:56,582 --> 00:06:59,380 to correct me if I do not. 84 00:07:02,488 --> 00:07:06,481 I am sorry that I was not here earlier, John. 85 00:07:08,360 --> 00:07:11,261 But I cannot be with you always. 86 00:07:12,464 --> 00:07:14,989 We cannot get by on your salary. 87 00:07:15,034 --> 00:07:17,594 $5,000 a years 88 00:07:17,636 --> 00:07:19,126 is hardly worthy of such an office. 89 00:07:19,171 --> 00:07:22,072 The farm brings us an income and someone must tend to it. 90 00:07:22,107 --> 00:07:23,438 Then we will find a tenant. 91 00:07:23,475 --> 00:07:24,806 There are none to be had. 92 00:07:24,843 --> 00:07:26,310 Then leave the place 93 00:07:26,345 --> 00:07:29,212 to the birds of the air and the beasts of the field. 94 00:07:37,923 --> 00:07:39,823 I need my ballast. 95 00:07:39,858 --> 00:07:43,453 You need to mind your tongue... 96 00:07:44,863 --> 00:07:47,024 nothing more. 97 00:07:51,904 --> 00:07:54,134 Not that you will listen to me. 98 00:08:06,085 --> 00:08:07,848 Stay 99 00:08:07,886 --> 00:08:11,879 and you shall see me reformed. 100 00:08:14,026 --> 00:08:16,426 I will stay with you 101 00:08:16,462 --> 00:08:19,989 until Congress adjourns. 102 00:08:48,527 --> 00:08:51,690 You must find Philadelphia much changed, Mr. Jefferson. 103 00:08:51,730 --> 00:08:55,393 More changed than I could have imagined, Mr. Hamilton. 104 00:08:55,434 --> 00:08:58,835 Not the city itself. All cities swallow everything in their way. 105 00:08:58,871 --> 00:09:01,396 That's no surprise to me. That's why I abhor them. 106 00:09:01,440 --> 00:09:04,409 But I've been, as you know, in revolutionary France, 107 00:09:04,443 --> 00:09:06,673 where the streets are filled 108 00:09:06,712 --> 00:09:09,545 with the songs of liberty and brotherhood 109 00:09:09,581 --> 00:09:13,142 and the overthrow of our ancient tyrannies of Europe. 110 00:09:13,185 --> 00:09:15,676 And to return from there to this, 111 00:09:15,721 --> 00:09:19,088 our cradle of revolution and find the dinner table chatter 112 00:09:19,124 --> 00:09:21,786 is all of money and banks 113 00:09:21,827 --> 00:09:25,092 and authority is an unwelcome surprise. 114 00:09:27,232 --> 00:09:30,360 Unwelcome perhaps, but necessary. 115 00:09:30,402 --> 00:09:33,428 I must admit, Mr. Hamilton, 116 00:09:33,472 --> 00:09:36,464 I am a little uncertain 117 00:09:36,508 --> 00:09:38,806 as to the purpose of the Treasury Department. 118 00:09:40,679 --> 00:09:43,648 No doubt its function will reveal itself to me in good time. 119 00:09:44,917 --> 00:09:46,942 The future prosperity of this nation 120 00:09:46,985 --> 00:09:49,920 rests chiefly in trade. 121 00:09:49,955 --> 00:09:52,082 Trade depends, among other things, 122 00:09:52,124 --> 00:09:54,718 on the willingness of other nations to lend us money. 123 00:09:54,760 --> 00:09:58,594 And how would you propose to establish international credit? 124 00:09:58,630 --> 00:10:01,793 Our first step would be to incur a national debt. 125 00:10:01,834 --> 00:10:05,099 The greater the debt, the greater the credit. 126 00:10:05,137 --> 00:10:08,197 And to that end I have recommended to the president 127 00:10:08,240 --> 00:10:11,437 that Congress adopt all the debts 128 00:10:11,477 --> 00:10:14,674 incurred by the individual states during the war 129 00:10:14,713 --> 00:10:16,180 through a national bank. 130 00:10:16,215 --> 00:10:17,944 The idea being 131 00:10:17,983 --> 00:10:20,952 that if the states owe Congress money, 132 00:10:20,986 --> 00:10:24,717 then other nations will feel more inclined to lend it to us. 133 00:10:26,658 --> 00:10:29,286 If the states are indebted to a central authority, 134 00:10:29,328 --> 00:10:32,229 it increases the power of the central government. 135 00:10:32,264 --> 00:10:33,856 There you have it exactly. 136 00:10:33,899 --> 00:10:35,628 The greater the government's responsibility, 137 00:10:35,667 --> 00:10:37,157 the greater its authority. 138 00:10:39,471 --> 00:10:42,440 The moneyed interest in this country 139 00:10:42,474 --> 00:10:44,499 is all in the north, 140 00:10:44,543 --> 00:10:48,206 so the wealth and power would inevitably be concentrated there 141 00:10:48,247 --> 00:10:49,737 in a federal government... 142 00:10:51,650 --> 00:10:53,675 to the expense of the south. 143 00:10:53,719 --> 00:10:55,846 If that is the case, 144 00:10:55,888 --> 00:10:59,289 it is unavoidable if the Union 145 00:10:59,324 --> 00:11:01,258 is to be preserved. 146 00:11:01,293 --> 00:11:03,318 I fear our revolution will have been in vain 147 00:11:03,362 --> 00:11:05,660 if a Virginia farmer is to be held in hock 148 00:11:05,697 --> 00:11:07,324 to a New York stockjobber 149 00:11:07,366 --> 00:11:10,164 who in turn is in hock to a London banker. 150 00:11:11,904 --> 00:11:14,964 The opportunities for avarice 151 00:11:15,007 --> 00:11:16,872 and corruption would 152 00:11:16,909 --> 00:11:19,343 certainly prove irresistible. 153 00:11:19,378 --> 00:11:22,836 There you have it. As I have heard said, 154 00:11:22,881 --> 00:11:26,749 "If men were angels then no government would be necessary." 155 00:11:29,121 --> 00:11:30,782 Sadly that is very well said. 156 00:11:30,822 --> 00:11:33,313 But there can be no question, 157 00:11:33,358 --> 00:11:36,919 our nation cannot bind together 158 00:11:36,962 --> 00:11:39,829 without powerful central government. 159 00:11:39,865 --> 00:11:42,698 But we must also accommodate 160 00:11:42,734 --> 00:11:44,725 the needs of our constituent states, 161 00:11:44,770 --> 00:11:46,738 both north and south. 162 00:11:48,807 --> 00:11:52,834 The power of one must check and balance the other. 163 00:11:52,878 --> 00:11:55,346 And to that end we must dedicate 164 00:11:55,380 --> 00:11:57,473 all of our energies, and our care. 165 00:12:03,488 --> 00:12:05,456 I would like to 166 00:12:05,490 --> 00:12:08,948 welcome Mr. Jefferson home. 167 00:12:14,600 --> 00:12:16,192 Mr. Secretary of State. 168 00:12:16,235 --> 00:12:17,827 Hear, hear. 169 00:12:18,971 --> 00:12:20,734 Mr. President, gentlemen. 170 00:12:25,177 --> 00:12:28,772 There are cabinet matters that I would like to discuss. 171 00:12:29,781 --> 00:12:33,342 If you would excuse us, Mr. Adams. 172 00:12:35,587 --> 00:12:38,852 Please convey my regards to your wife. 173 00:12:43,929 --> 00:12:45,920 Gentlemen. 174 00:12:47,032 --> 00:12:49,091 John. 175 00:12:51,003 --> 00:12:53,767 Mr. President. 176 00:12:54,840 --> 00:12:58,332 Mr. President and nothing more. 177 00:13:22,134 --> 00:13:24,500 The president must not be allowed 178 00:13:24,536 --> 00:13:26,527 to remove cabinet officers on whatever whim. 179 00:13:26,571 --> 00:13:29,267 - Hear, hear. - The Senate must advise and consent 180 00:13:29,308 --> 00:13:32,800 to their removal the same as to their appointment. 181 00:13:32,844 --> 00:13:34,937 Mr. MacClay's bill is an affront 182 00:13:34,980 --> 00:13:37,312 to the authority of the executive branch. 183 00:13:37,349 --> 00:13:39,681 - Hear, hear. - It seeks nothing less 184 00:13:39,718 --> 00:13:43,051 than to indenture the president to this body's will. 185 00:13:43,088 --> 00:13:45,522 - Hear, hear! - Mr. Pinckney, 186 00:13:45,557 --> 00:13:48,526 the British Parliamentary model may be instructive here. 187 00:13:50,862 --> 00:13:53,092 The Senate would no doubt benefit from the vice president's 188 00:13:53,131 --> 00:13:54,792 learning and erudition on the subject, 189 00:13:54,833 --> 00:13:57,028 but I respectfully remind him 190 00:13:57,069 --> 00:14:00,436 that barring a tie in voting, he has no say in the matter. 191 00:14:01,907 --> 00:14:05,741 I am in no need of reminders, Mr. MacClay. 192 00:14:05,777 --> 00:14:07,642 I concur with Mr. MacClay's opinion. 193 00:14:07,679 --> 00:14:10,273 The president must not have unlimited authority in cabinet matters. 194 00:14:10,315 --> 00:14:13,113 Hear, hear. 195 00:14:18,523 --> 00:14:21,287 The role of vice president 196 00:14:21,326 --> 00:14:24,386 is the most insignificant office ever devised 197 00:14:24,429 --> 00:14:25,896 by the mind of man. 198 00:14:29,835 --> 00:14:32,929 No, I assure you it is punishment 199 00:14:32,971 --> 00:14:35,439 to hear other men talk five hours a day 200 00:14:35,474 --> 00:14:39,274 and not be at liberty to talk myself. 201 00:14:39,311 --> 00:14:40,801 Me of all people. 202 00:14:42,047 --> 00:14:44,675 A torture for you, to be sure. 203 00:14:44,716 --> 00:14:46,445 Most of those I hear, they're too young. 204 00:14:46,485 --> 00:14:49,352 They're too inexperienced. 205 00:14:49,388 --> 00:14:50,878 They're too fractious. 206 00:14:53,058 --> 00:14:56,824 I was of a mind to refuse the vice presidency entirely, you know. 207 00:14:58,463 --> 00:15:01,728 And half the Electoral College were determined to oblige me. 208 00:15:06,538 --> 00:15:08,733 There are rumors. 209 00:15:08,774 --> 00:15:10,765 What rumors? 210 00:15:10,809 --> 00:15:13,300 Some say intrigue was used. 211 00:15:13,345 --> 00:15:15,540 To what possible purpose? 212 00:15:15,580 --> 00:15:18,743 Many were urged to withhold their votes for you. 213 00:15:18,784 --> 00:15:22,220 It was deemed an essential point of caution 214 00:15:22,254 --> 00:15:25,951 to see that your showing not embarrass General Washington; 215 00:15:29,027 --> 00:15:31,894 That he be elected unanimously. 216 00:15:31,930 --> 00:15:35,388 Who is the author of this dirty scheme? 217 00:15:35,434 --> 00:15:36,992 No one can say for certain. 218 00:15:37,035 --> 00:15:39,026 Good God. 219 00:15:42,707 --> 00:15:45,471 To be used in such a despicable manner. 220 00:15:45,510 --> 00:15:46,977 I am sorry to be the one... 221 00:15:47,012 --> 00:15:49,480 No no, Dr. Rush. 222 00:15:49,514 --> 00:15:51,948 I thank you for your frankness. 223 00:15:54,219 --> 00:15:57,780 And thus we set an example for the world. 224 00:15:59,424 --> 00:16:03,360 Tales of dirty and duplicitous intrigues in our first election. 225 00:16:07,599 --> 00:16:10,500 I hear that we are called Federalists now 226 00:16:10,535 --> 00:16:13,504 because we believe in strong central government. 227 00:16:15,140 --> 00:16:16,903 And our opponents 228 00:16:16,942 --> 00:16:20,173 now style themselves Republicans 229 00:16:20,212 --> 00:16:23,648 because they believe in the sovereignty of the people. 230 00:16:23,682 --> 00:16:25,946 Ha! 231 00:16:25,984 --> 00:16:27,918 I dread a division of our republic 232 00:16:27,953 --> 00:16:30,945 into parties, Doctor. 233 00:16:30,989 --> 00:16:33,355 Yet that is what I see is happening. 234 00:16:41,833 --> 00:16:45,064 It is in a state of almost permanent revolution, Monticello. 235 00:16:45,103 --> 00:16:47,037 No sooner have I completed it 236 00:16:47,072 --> 00:16:49,063 than I wish to tear it down and start again. 237 00:16:49,107 --> 00:16:52,565 I want to build a new portico. 238 00:16:52,611 --> 00:16:54,078 Triangular pediment 239 00:16:54,112 --> 00:16:57,741 on four great pillars. 240 00:16:57,782 --> 00:17:00,910 - Is it not magnificent, John? - Yes. 241 00:17:00,952 --> 00:17:03,182 Very nice. 242 00:17:04,556 --> 00:17:08,117 But it is not to be as yet. When duty calls... 243 00:17:10,629 --> 00:17:13,860 We feared for your safety in Paris, Thomas. 244 00:17:16,401 --> 00:17:19,632 The papers are still full of the most alarming reports. 245 00:17:19,671 --> 00:17:21,571 Yes, a Bastille commander's head 246 00:17:21,606 --> 00:17:24,074 carried through the streets on a pike. 247 00:17:25,243 --> 00:17:27,336 One officer hanged from a lamppost, 248 00:17:27,379 --> 00:17:30,371 another one cut to pieces, his heart torn from his body 249 00:17:30,415 --> 00:17:33,612 and brandished out the window of the Hotel de Ville. 250 00:17:33,652 --> 00:17:36,052 You cannot expect a people so long oppressed 251 00:17:36,087 --> 00:17:39,022 to be transported from despotism 252 00:17:39,057 --> 00:17:41,082 to liberty on a feather bed. 253 00:17:43,094 --> 00:17:46,188 I believe the violence will end soon enough, 254 00:17:46,231 --> 00:17:47,994 as it has here. 255 00:17:49,301 --> 00:17:51,735 But should everything be pulled down, 256 00:17:51,770 --> 00:17:54,136 what shall be put in its place? 257 00:17:54,172 --> 00:17:57,039 Given the entrenched divisions within French society 258 00:17:57,075 --> 00:17:58,542 which you witnessed, 259 00:17:58,577 --> 00:18:01,205 I believe the most we can achieve 260 00:18:01,246 --> 00:18:04,079 is a monarchy limited in its power to act 261 00:18:04,115 --> 00:18:05,707 by a parliament on the British model. 262 00:18:07,752 --> 00:18:11,085 That is what I told the Marquis de Lafayette. 263 00:18:11,122 --> 00:18:13,488 Do you mean to say that you involved yourself 264 00:18:13,525 --> 00:18:15,823 in revolutionary activities 265 00:18:15,860 --> 00:18:17,919 as our acting ambassador? 266 00:18:17,963 --> 00:18:21,091 Lafayette sought my advice 267 00:18:21,132 --> 00:18:24,101 on the drafting of a declaration of the rights of man 268 00:18:24,135 --> 00:18:27,696 and I was happy to oblige, yes. 269 00:18:27,739 --> 00:18:30,299 I was in the Assembly Nationale when it was proclaimed. 270 00:18:30,342 --> 00:18:32,469 In fact, you could say the Constitution of France 271 00:18:32,510 --> 00:18:34,569 was conceived in my parlor. 272 00:18:36,314 --> 00:18:39,215 These are dangerous grounds, Thomas. 273 00:18:39,250 --> 00:18:41,775 The French court was well aware of my involvement. 274 00:18:41,820 --> 00:18:44,755 They thought that I would be a moderating influence 275 00:18:44,789 --> 00:18:47,121 on the more hot-headed members of the assembly. 276 00:18:47,158 --> 00:18:50,559 They seek only to emulate our experience, John. 277 00:18:50,595 --> 00:18:53,894 We must support them. 278 00:19:02,173 --> 00:19:05,665 I am not as sanguine as you 279 00:19:05,710 --> 00:19:07,177 about the prospects in France. 280 00:19:07,212 --> 00:19:10,409 Should King Louis and his advisors 281 00:19:10,448 --> 00:19:13,611 not deliver these promised reforms, 282 00:19:13,652 --> 00:19:16,018 well then, this violence will only escalate. 283 00:19:16,054 --> 00:19:19,990 The king himself could become a victim of it 284 00:19:20,025 --> 00:19:22,858 and England and Spain will rightfully fear 285 00:19:22,894 --> 00:19:24,953 the spread of revolution across Europe. 286 00:19:24,996 --> 00:19:27,556 They will be forced to declare war 287 00:19:27,599 --> 00:19:29,692 to protect their monarchies. 288 00:19:31,436 --> 00:19:33,734 Our treaty with France will draw us 289 00:19:33,772 --> 00:19:35,330 into a conflict that we can ill afford. 290 00:19:37,776 --> 00:19:40,677 France is in the throes of a violent birth. 291 00:19:40,712 --> 00:19:42,703 We should rejoice. 292 00:19:45,350 --> 00:19:48,046 We should rejoice, John. 293 00:19:48,086 --> 00:19:50,884 And is that the advice you are giving the president? 294 00:19:50,922 --> 00:19:52,890 We should rejoice? 295 00:19:57,896 --> 00:20:00,057 When the president seeks my counsel, 296 00:20:00,098 --> 00:20:02,191 I give him what advice I can. 297 00:20:02,233 --> 00:20:05,293 It's not always welcomed by the cabinet. 298 00:20:07,372 --> 00:20:08,999 I would know nothing about that. 299 00:20:09,040 --> 00:20:10,940 - No. - No. 300 00:20:18,717 --> 00:20:21,777 I trust you will find President Washington 301 00:20:21,820 --> 00:20:24,448 is as independent-minded as ever. 302 00:20:26,357 --> 00:20:28,052 He has too much power, as I feared, 303 00:20:28,093 --> 00:20:29,526 and the Congress has too little. 304 00:20:29,561 --> 00:20:31,188 He is a monarch in all but name. 305 00:20:31,229 --> 00:20:35,188 A chief magistrate, once in power, rarely leaves it willingly. 306 00:20:35,233 --> 00:20:38,600 I am no believer in monarchy as such, 307 00:20:38,636 --> 00:20:41,366 as you well know. 308 00:20:42,507 --> 00:20:45,203 But I have seen the result of too many mobs 309 00:20:45,243 --> 00:20:47,473 to entrust them with the government, sir. 310 00:20:47,512 --> 00:20:51,004 The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time 311 00:20:51,049 --> 00:20:53,643 with the blood of patriots and tyrants. 312 00:20:53,685 --> 00:20:56,381 It is a natural manure. 313 00:21:02,160 --> 00:21:04,321 You must be careful, John. 314 00:21:06,364 --> 00:21:08,730 I find him much changed. 315 00:21:21,513 --> 00:21:23,640 Add the usual salutation. 316 00:21:23,681 --> 00:21:26,946 "Your humble servant... et cetera, et cetera." 317 00:21:26,985 --> 00:21:28,452 Yes, sir. 318 00:21:28,486 --> 00:21:31,944 Thank you, Colonel Smith. That's all for now. 319 00:21:33,258 --> 00:21:35,283 Perhaps I may indulge your patience 320 00:21:35,326 --> 00:21:39,194 with a personal request, sir? 321 00:21:39,230 --> 00:21:40,788 A matter I've been meaning 322 00:21:40,832 --> 00:21:43,198 to broach with you for some time now. 323 00:21:43,234 --> 00:21:45,395 An increase in your meager salary 324 00:21:45,436 --> 00:21:47,063 is quite out of the question, Colonel. 325 00:21:47,105 --> 00:21:48,970 I'm sorry. 326 00:21:49,007 --> 00:21:52,135 It's not that, sir. 327 00:21:52,177 --> 00:21:54,509 Though I am without fame or fortune, 328 00:21:54,546 --> 00:21:56,013 such as I am, 329 00:21:56,047 --> 00:21:58,379 I aspire to your daughter's love. 330 00:22:00,652 --> 00:22:02,381 I beg your pardon? 331 00:22:02,420 --> 00:22:04,513 My dau... 332 00:22:12,864 --> 00:22:16,800 what was that about my daughter? 333 00:22:19,204 --> 00:22:20,671 You mean to say 334 00:22:20,705 --> 00:22:23,799 you vetoed Colonel Smith's proposal? 335 00:22:23,842 --> 00:22:26,834 I did. Nabby is a child. 336 00:22:26,878 --> 00:22:30,211 Your child, had you not noticed, is a young woman 337 00:22:30,248 --> 00:22:31,806 of great sensibility. 338 00:22:31,850 --> 00:22:34,080 Far too much sensibility, I think. 339 00:22:36,020 --> 00:22:39,217 Her mother had too much sensibility at her age to be very prudent. 340 00:22:40,325 --> 00:22:42,555 - Far too much. - And it won her a heart 341 00:22:42,594 --> 00:22:45,085 of as much sensibility as hers. 342 00:22:48,199 --> 00:22:50,599 Nabby is content with the match. We should be as well. 343 00:23:00,712 --> 00:23:03,647 Mr. Jefferson stands at the head of a faction, 344 00:23:03,681 --> 00:23:07,208 in my judgment, subversive to the principles of good government 345 00:23:07,252 --> 00:23:11,154 and dangerous to the peace, union and happiness of this country. 346 00:23:11,189 --> 00:23:14,249 Any such faction, if it exists, Mr. Hamilton, 347 00:23:14,292 --> 00:23:17,056 is grossly underrepresented in this cabinet 348 00:23:17,095 --> 00:23:19,495 which persists in its determination 349 00:23:19,530 --> 00:23:21,794 to replace colonial subjugation 350 00:23:21,833 --> 00:23:23,494 by Great Britain 351 00:23:23,534 --> 00:23:26,332 with equally pernicious financial subjugation... 352 00:23:26,371 --> 00:23:29,238 Enough, Mr. Jefferson. Enough. 353 00:23:31,276 --> 00:23:33,938 You will hereafter show more charity 354 00:23:33,978 --> 00:23:37,141 for each other's opinions and... Mr. Jefferson! 355 00:23:37,181 --> 00:23:38,512 I will not have this government undermined 356 00:23:38,549 --> 00:23:41,279 by party politics and acts! 357 00:23:44,822 --> 00:23:46,813 John. 358 00:23:46,858 --> 00:23:48,416 Thomas. 359 00:23:48,459 --> 00:23:50,757 Mr. Hamilton. 360 00:23:56,567 --> 00:23:59,559 Well, I am very sorry 361 00:23:59,604 --> 00:24:01,595 to intrude upon your affairs. 362 00:24:03,341 --> 00:24:07,004 I only came to say that I am leaving for Peacefield in the morning, 363 00:24:07,045 --> 00:24:10,572 what with the yellow fever season approaching, 364 00:24:10,615 --> 00:24:13,607 and my daughter is to be married. 365 00:24:15,887 --> 00:24:18,913 I believe that you know the groom... Colonel William Smith. 366 00:24:18,957 --> 00:24:22,120 Colonel Smith was under my command at Long Island. 367 00:24:22,160 --> 00:24:24,651 He served with great distinction. 368 00:24:24,696 --> 00:24:26,664 I congratulate you 369 00:24:26,698 --> 00:24:28,962 on such a fitting match for your daughter. 370 00:24:29,000 --> 00:24:31,025 Thank you, sir. 371 00:24:34,072 --> 00:24:36,040 Yes, well, good day. 372 00:24:36,074 --> 00:24:38,975 - Mr. Adams. - Yes? 373 00:24:39,010 --> 00:24:40,944 Will you not join me at table? 374 00:24:40,979 --> 00:24:42,970 I have need of more... 375 00:24:43,014 --> 00:24:45,175 reasonable company. 376 00:24:49,020 --> 00:24:51,113 This uprising in France 377 00:24:51,155 --> 00:24:53,282 places us in a difficult position. 378 00:24:53,324 --> 00:24:55,724 We cannot trade with Britain 379 00:24:55,760 --> 00:24:58,627 and support her enemy at the same time. 380 00:24:58,663 --> 00:25:01,154 Surely this is a matter 381 00:25:01,199 --> 00:25:04,168 on which the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury 382 00:25:04,202 --> 00:25:05,669 should offer counsel. 383 00:25:05,703 --> 00:25:08,365 Mr. Jefferson and Mr. Hamilton 384 00:25:08,406 --> 00:25:09,964 can agree on nothing. 385 00:25:10,008 --> 00:25:13,341 I fear that we will be 386 00:25:13,378 --> 00:25:16,472 drawn into the perpetual European conflict. 387 00:25:16,514 --> 00:25:19,915 I would advise neutrality, sir. 388 00:25:21,352 --> 00:25:24,719 Avoid any hostilities or any show of support. 389 00:25:24,756 --> 00:25:26,849 America must be beholden to no one, 390 00:25:26,891 --> 00:25:29,018 neither England nor France. 391 00:25:29,060 --> 00:25:32,188 It is sheer folly for us to expect 392 00:25:32,230 --> 00:25:35,063 disinterested relations with France or England 393 00:25:35,099 --> 00:25:36,964 or any other country. 394 00:25:37,001 --> 00:25:38,901 The gangrene of faction 395 00:25:38,936 --> 00:25:41,905 must not be allowed to rot this government. 396 00:25:41,939 --> 00:25:43,770 You are the balance 397 00:25:43,808 --> 00:25:46,333 that holds both sides together. 398 00:25:46,377 --> 00:25:48,675 Without you, there would be dissolution. 399 00:25:48,713 --> 00:25:50,943 On that, Mr. Hamilton 400 00:25:50,982 --> 00:25:53,314 and Mr. Jefferson do agree. 401 00:25:56,421 --> 00:25:59,754 You are indispensable, sir. 402 00:25:59,791 --> 00:26:03,158 But for how much longer, Mr. Adams? 403 00:26:08,666 --> 00:26:10,759 Is something the matter, sir? 404 00:26:10,802 --> 00:26:13,236 Blasted teeth. 405 00:26:14,739 --> 00:26:16,730 Terrible nuisance, yes. 406 00:26:21,979 --> 00:26:24,777 Sir, madam, a great honor you have conferred 407 00:26:24,816 --> 00:26:26,681 upon the bridegroom and the bride 408 00:26:26,717 --> 00:26:28,582 by being present at this solemnity 409 00:26:28,619 --> 00:26:30,849 does very conveniently supersede 410 00:26:30,888 --> 00:26:33,755 any further inquiry after your consent. 411 00:26:33,791 --> 00:26:35,850 And the part I am desired to take in this wedding 412 00:26:35,893 --> 00:26:39,624 renders the way of my giving consent very compendious. 413 00:26:39,664 --> 00:26:43,225 There is no manner or room left for the previous question, 414 00:26:43,267 --> 00:26:47,135 "Who giveth this woman to be married to this man?" 415 00:26:49,040 --> 00:26:50,735 Give me your hand for a moment 416 00:26:50,775 --> 00:26:54,040 into the bridegroom's forever. 417 00:26:55,046 --> 00:26:56,877 Now joined in matrimony, 418 00:26:56,914 --> 00:26:59,178 let us say the Lord's Prayer. 419 00:27:01,486 --> 00:27:03,044 You will be pleased to hear, Father, 420 00:27:03,087 --> 00:27:04,918 that some interesting investment prospects 421 00:27:04,956 --> 00:27:06,685 have presented themselves for me in London. 422 00:27:09,527 --> 00:27:11,154 You're leaving? 423 00:27:12,597 --> 00:27:14,758 So soon after the wedding? 424 00:27:14,799 --> 00:27:16,266 I frown on speculation. 425 00:27:16,300 --> 00:27:20,259 It is nothing more than rolling in luxury 426 00:27:20,304 --> 00:27:22,295 on the property of others. 427 00:27:22,340 --> 00:27:24,774 You should settle on a profession, Colonel Smith, 428 00:27:24,809 --> 00:27:27,073 as my sons have. 429 00:27:29,847 --> 00:27:31,644 Naturally I would postpone any trip 430 00:27:31,682 --> 00:27:33,946 if I could be of some service to the government. 431 00:27:35,353 --> 00:27:38,550 Perhaps you could put a word in with General Washington. 432 00:27:42,426 --> 00:27:45,953 And how on earth would I justify that? 433 00:27:46,998 --> 00:27:49,364 My sister and I are now family. 434 00:27:55,806 --> 00:27:58,570 I have no say in the matter. 435 00:28:00,545 --> 00:28:02,672 And even if I did, 436 00:28:02,713 --> 00:28:04,806 I could not allow my authority 437 00:28:04,849 --> 00:28:06,680 to become subservient to my private views, sir. 438 00:28:06,717 --> 00:28:08,207 William was only saying... 439 00:28:08,252 --> 00:28:11,085 I know what he was saying, 440 00:28:11,122 --> 00:28:14,353 Nabby, and he has my answer. 441 00:28:16,661 --> 00:28:19,152 And when will you give me your answer, Miss Smith? 442 00:28:20,631 --> 00:28:23,293 What is the question, Mr. Adams? 443 00:28:29,640 --> 00:28:32,268 I urge you to return to Philadelphia. 444 00:28:34,011 --> 00:28:36,912 Should General Washington decide to stand for a second term... 445 00:28:36,948 --> 00:28:38,609 And I have no doubt he will. 446 00:28:38,649 --> 00:28:40,139 - It is absolutely essential 447 00:28:40,184 --> 00:28:43,085 that you retain the vice presidency. 448 00:28:43,120 --> 00:28:45,486 If however he should not stand, 449 00:28:45,523 --> 00:28:47,115 you will be our party's choice. 450 00:28:48,893 --> 00:28:50,588 Well... 451 00:28:52,830 --> 00:28:56,288 But I cannot imagine my presence is necessary for the elections. 452 00:28:56,334 --> 00:28:58,427 We must gird ourselves against disruption 453 00:28:58,469 --> 00:29:00,300 in this election. 454 00:29:00,338 --> 00:29:02,704 You're a man who appreciates balance 455 00:29:02,740 --> 00:29:04,207 and balance is what we need. 456 00:29:04,242 --> 00:29:06,710 But I fear I have little influence. 457 00:29:06,744 --> 00:29:09,008 The Secretary of State suffers 458 00:29:09,046 --> 00:29:12,311 from a womanish attachment to France. 459 00:29:12,350 --> 00:29:14,511 There are those who say that Mr. Jefferson 460 00:29:14,552 --> 00:29:16,315 is more Frenchman than American. 461 00:29:16,354 --> 00:29:19,380 That is an unfair attack on an old and dear friend. 462 00:29:19,423 --> 00:29:22,415 I beg your pardon if I have misspoken. 463 00:29:22,460 --> 00:29:25,588 Thomas is of a most unbiased constitution. 464 00:29:25,630 --> 00:29:27,621 No matter how indifferent you may be 465 00:29:27,665 --> 00:29:29,599 to the outcome of the election, Mr. Adams, 466 00:29:29,634 --> 00:29:32,398 I hope you are not so to the cause of good government. 467 00:29:32,436 --> 00:29:35,405 Our Republican adversaries have been emboldened 468 00:29:35,439 --> 00:29:37,498 by the arrival of a French envoy 469 00:29:37,541 --> 00:29:40,476 who is stirring up anti-British sentiment. 470 00:29:40,511 --> 00:29:44,003 This is the end of monarchy. 471 00:29:44,048 --> 00:29:46,983 Death to all tyrants. 472 00:29:47,018 --> 00:29:48,815 The end of tyranny! 473 00:29:58,296 --> 00:29:59,661 Vive la France! 474 00:30:02,800 --> 00:30:04,995 King Louis is dead! 475 00:30:07,071 --> 00:30:10,734 Long live the French and American republics. 476 00:30:10,775 --> 00:30:13,107 Yeah! 477 00:30:13,144 --> 00:30:15,442 Now that war has been declared 478 00:30:15,479 --> 00:30:18,004 between your country and Great Britain, 479 00:30:18,049 --> 00:30:20,017 we must remain neutral, 480 00:30:20,051 --> 00:30:22,918 Ambassador Genet. 481 00:30:22,953 --> 00:30:24,750 The United States is a new 482 00:30:24,789 --> 00:30:27,019 and independent nation. 483 00:30:27,058 --> 00:30:29,185 It is in our best national interest 484 00:30:29,226 --> 00:30:32,195 to keep ourselves apart from affairs 485 00:30:32,229 --> 00:30:34,459 to which we have no attachment. 486 00:30:34,498 --> 00:30:37,899 Surely the cause of France is the cause of America, 487 00:30:37,935 --> 00:30:40,301 of the world. 488 00:30:40,338 --> 00:30:43,034 A threat to France 489 00:30:43,074 --> 00:30:45,668 is a threat to America. 490 00:30:47,845 --> 00:30:50,405 And we have a treaty, Mr. President, 491 00:30:50,448 --> 00:30:54,111 a treaty made when you were at war with England. 492 00:30:54,151 --> 00:30:57,450 I remind the ambassador that our treaty with France 493 00:30:57,488 --> 00:30:59,456 was made with King Louis. 494 00:30:59,490 --> 00:31:02,982 The King's murder renders that compact 495 00:31:03,027 --> 00:31:05,723 no longer binding. 496 00:31:07,732 --> 00:31:10,257 Thousands of your people 497 00:31:10,301 --> 00:31:13,236 have called themselves our brother. 498 00:31:13,270 --> 00:31:15,397 Since I landed in America, 499 00:31:15,439 --> 00:31:18,203 I have found many willing to fight. 500 00:31:18,242 --> 00:31:20,802 You will refrain, Ambassador Genet, 501 00:31:20,845 --> 00:31:24,337 from any further efforts to recruit our citizens 502 00:31:24,382 --> 00:31:26,179 to belligerent actions. 503 00:31:26,217 --> 00:31:28,242 I will not allow you 504 00:31:28,285 --> 00:31:31,118 to outfit privateers to join in your war 505 00:31:31,155 --> 00:31:32,622 against England 506 00:31:32,656 --> 00:31:34,556 It is not for you to tell me this. 507 00:31:37,962 --> 00:31:40,362 Tread carefully, sir. 508 00:31:40,398 --> 00:31:44,357 The people will command me as they command you. 509 00:31:44,402 --> 00:31:47,030 Ambassador Genet... 510 00:31:47,071 --> 00:31:49,335 You will hear from me again, sir, 511 00:31:49,373 --> 00:31:52,865 and then I will speak to you with a million voices 512 00:31:52,910 --> 00:31:54,707 and you will obey. 513 00:32:03,487 --> 00:32:06,149 The famous French diplomacy. 514 00:32:07,992 --> 00:32:09,857 Mr. Jefferson. 515 00:32:11,429 --> 00:32:14,762 Ambassador Genet has taken leave of his senses. 516 00:32:17,701 --> 00:32:19,566 Surely you see now 517 00:32:19,603 --> 00:32:21,798 that you must compromise, Thomas. 518 00:32:22,807 --> 00:32:24,798 We cannot side with either France 519 00:32:24,842 --> 00:32:27,242 or England in this war. 520 00:32:27,278 --> 00:32:29,007 The president has determined 521 00:32:29,046 --> 00:32:32,243 on a course of strict impartiality. 522 00:32:32,283 --> 00:32:35,741 A wise course and I concur with it. 523 00:32:35,786 --> 00:32:39,051 Impartiality is always partial, John. 524 00:32:40,057 --> 00:32:43,458 It will favor the British 525 00:32:43,494 --> 00:32:45,155 as Mr. Hamilton intends it should. 526 00:32:45,196 --> 00:32:48,632 General Washington judges more independently 527 00:32:48,666 --> 00:32:50,258 than any man I ever saw. 528 00:32:50,301 --> 00:32:52,565 I do wonder, John, 529 00:32:52,603 --> 00:32:54,264 if you can be as blind 530 00:32:54,305 --> 00:32:56,830 to Mr. Hamilton's scheming as you seem. 531 00:32:56,874 --> 00:33:00,401 I am no man's puppet, Thomas. 532 00:33:00,444 --> 00:33:03,936 Mr. Hamilton would have us British in our economy, 533 00:33:03,981 --> 00:33:06,313 British in our forms of government. 534 00:33:06,350 --> 00:33:08,682 British, John, 535 00:33:08,719 --> 00:33:10,778 in all but name. 536 00:33:10,821 --> 00:33:12,686 He believes that man can be governed 537 00:33:12,723 --> 00:33:15,351 only by force and self-interest. 538 00:33:15,392 --> 00:33:18,190 The first is unavailable to him at present, 539 00:33:18,229 --> 00:33:21,630 so he appeals to our baser instincts... 540 00:33:21,665 --> 00:33:24,225 fear and greed. 541 00:33:24,268 --> 00:33:26,634 Our Constitution 542 00:33:26,670 --> 00:33:28,501 provides a strong executive 543 00:33:28,539 --> 00:33:31,906 to counter just such legislative corruption 544 00:33:31,942 --> 00:33:34,570 as you imagine, Thomas. 545 00:33:34,612 --> 00:33:37,046 Our constitution has many good articles 546 00:33:37,081 --> 00:33:38,844 and some bad ones. 547 00:33:38,883 --> 00:33:41,078 I do not know yet which predominate. 548 00:33:43,721 --> 00:33:45,348 Without this government, 549 00:33:45,389 --> 00:33:48,847 our republic would have collapsed into anarchy long ago. 550 00:33:48,893 --> 00:33:50,292 With this government, 551 00:33:50,327 --> 00:33:52,887 I am not certain that we are a republic. 552 00:33:58,202 --> 00:34:01,296 At any rate, I have offered the president my resignation. 553 00:34:08,512 --> 00:34:12,175 I cannot descend daily into the arena 554 00:34:12,216 --> 00:34:15,413 to suffer martyrdom on every conflict. 555 00:34:18,222 --> 00:34:20,782 We have been 556 00:34:20,824 --> 00:34:23,486 the best of partners. 557 00:34:25,563 --> 00:34:27,827 Let us descend together. 558 00:34:27,865 --> 00:34:30,493 Let us fight together. 559 00:34:32,670 --> 00:34:35,639 My departure will be a great relief to me 560 00:34:35,673 --> 00:34:38,005 and no great loss to the public. 561 00:34:39,276 --> 00:34:43,144 It will be a great loss to me, Thomas. 562 00:34:49,320 --> 00:34:51,982 Well... 563 00:34:52,022 --> 00:34:53,785 to the revolution. 564 00:34:55,859 --> 00:34:59,556 - Whose? - They are one and the same, John. 565 00:35:01,332 --> 00:35:04,130 Are they not? 566 00:35:33,297 --> 00:35:35,094 You wish to speak with me, Mr. President? 567 00:35:35,132 --> 00:35:37,259 You've heard of Mr. Jefferson's withdrawal? 568 00:35:37,301 --> 00:35:40,429 He made his thoughts known to me, yes, sir. 569 00:35:40,471 --> 00:35:43,770 I could not persuade him to stay. 570 00:35:43,807 --> 00:35:47,243 He wishes to completely withdraw from public life 571 00:35:47,277 --> 00:35:49,211 and return to his books and his crops. 572 00:35:49,246 --> 00:35:52,147 It's interesting though, is it not, 573 00:35:52,182 --> 00:35:55,709 how political plants grow in the shade of retirement? 574 00:35:58,622 --> 00:36:01,318 This war between France and England 575 00:36:01,358 --> 00:36:03,826 threatens to tear us asunder. 576 00:36:03,861 --> 00:36:06,728 We are poised on the edge of a precipice, Mr. Adams. 577 00:36:06,764 --> 00:36:10,165 We must not allow ourselves to be pushed over the brink. 578 00:36:10,200 --> 00:36:12,065 We are agreed entirely, sir. 579 00:36:12,102 --> 00:36:13,967 Ambassador Genet's visit 580 00:36:14,004 --> 00:36:17,440 has stirred a hornet's nest. 581 00:36:17,474 --> 00:36:20,966 The British government now consider us a belligerent nation 582 00:36:21,011 --> 00:36:23,206 for the very fact of having received him. 583 00:36:25,649 --> 00:36:28,049 I intend to appoint 584 00:36:28,085 --> 00:36:29,950 Chief Justice Jay 585 00:36:29,987 --> 00:36:32,148 as special envoy to London. 586 00:36:32,189 --> 00:36:34,657 Peace between our two countries must be maintained. 587 00:36:34,692 --> 00:36:38,389 Mr. Jay and I served in the peace negotiations in Paris. 588 00:36:38,429 --> 00:36:39,896 He is a most honorable man, yes. 589 00:36:39,930 --> 00:36:43,696 America has a great need in this crisis 590 00:36:43,734 --> 00:36:46,498 for experienced diplomats in foreign stations, 591 00:36:46,537 --> 00:36:49,836 diplomats with your clearness of mind. 592 00:36:49,873 --> 00:36:51,864 Sir... 593 00:36:54,178 --> 00:36:56,442 after so long in exile abroad... 594 00:36:56,480 --> 00:36:59,745 Fear not, Mr. Adams. 595 00:37:00,751 --> 00:37:03,549 It is about your son 596 00:37:03,587 --> 00:37:05,316 I wish to speak. 597 00:37:17,868 --> 00:37:21,565 Your writings in defense of the administration 598 00:37:21,605 --> 00:37:25,006 have come under the president's eye. 599 00:37:25,042 --> 00:37:27,033 I was unaware that my provincial scribblings 600 00:37:27,077 --> 00:37:29,011 were read in Philadelphia. 601 00:37:29,046 --> 00:37:31,606 Well, I may have 602 00:37:31,648 --> 00:37:33,377 shown one or two of them 603 00:37:33,417 --> 00:37:35,681 privately to General Washington, 604 00:37:35,719 --> 00:37:38,483 - as any proud father would. - Naturally. 605 00:37:40,057 --> 00:37:41,991 The president has named you 606 00:37:42,025 --> 00:37:43,788 our Minister to the Netherlands. 607 00:37:43,827 --> 00:37:46,694 The revolution in France has spilled over into Holland. 608 00:37:46,730 --> 00:37:49,995 The Hague is a listening post by which you can keep the government informed. 609 00:37:50,033 --> 00:37:52,160 Presiding over your certain confirmation 610 00:37:52,202 --> 00:37:54,864 will be my proudest moment as vice president. 611 00:37:54,905 --> 00:37:58,466 Now England and France will drag all of Europe 612 00:37:58,509 --> 00:38:00,238 into this feud before it is over. 613 00:38:00,277 --> 00:38:02,837 We must avoid any action that threatens our neutrality. 614 00:38:02,880 --> 00:38:06,077 You must make yourself master of all of our disputes with them. 615 00:38:06,116 --> 00:38:08,084 Spain as well. 616 00:38:08,118 --> 00:38:09,847 Do not be drawn in by the French 617 00:38:09,887 --> 00:38:12,913 and keep well clear of the English ambassador 618 00:38:12,956 --> 00:38:15,618 and all the Anglo-maniacs. 619 00:38:15,659 --> 00:38:19,117 I rather wish the appointment had not been made at all. 620 00:38:23,901 --> 00:38:26,597 Am I to understand that you intend to 621 00:38:26,637 --> 00:38:29,470 refuse this appointment? 622 00:38:29,506 --> 00:38:31,974 Do not worry, Father. 623 00:38:32,009 --> 00:38:33,840 I know my duty as an Adams. 624 00:38:33,877 --> 00:38:37,472 But I am sorry you did not see fit 625 00:38:37,514 --> 00:38:39,505 to consult me on the decision. 626 00:38:49,426 --> 00:38:52,987 Congress will of course assign a secretary to assist you. 627 00:38:53,030 --> 00:38:54,998 I would prefer that Thomas accompany me. 628 00:38:55,032 --> 00:38:57,466 The boy is apprentice to one of the finest attorneys in Philadelphia. 629 00:38:57,501 --> 00:38:58,968 He needs to complete his studies. 630 00:38:59,002 --> 00:39:00,833 Thomas has no liking for the law. 631 00:39:01,939 --> 00:39:04,169 Oh, well he has said nothing to me. 632 00:39:04,208 --> 00:39:06,938 Have you asked him, Father? 633 00:39:12,249 --> 00:39:14,809 While I'm away I must have some comfort 634 00:39:14,852 --> 00:39:17,184 knowing that I will be secure upon my return. 635 00:39:17,221 --> 00:39:20,349 I share Father's distrust of banks 636 00:39:20,390 --> 00:39:22,415 but not his distaste for speculation. 637 00:39:22,459 --> 00:39:25,326 In New York you are in the midst of opportunity. 638 00:39:25,362 --> 00:39:28,820 Colonel Smith says that there is money for the taking in property 639 00:39:28,866 --> 00:39:31,391 and he has furnished me with certain introductions. 640 00:39:33,070 --> 00:39:35,061 Well... 641 00:39:37,074 --> 00:39:40,669 there's $2,000 here. 642 00:39:40,711 --> 00:39:42,872 Invest it wisely. 643 00:39:42,913 --> 00:39:45,746 You are as good as in profit already. 644 00:39:51,288 --> 00:39:53,381 Here they come. 645 00:39:53,423 --> 00:39:55,516 Give a big kiss to Uncle John when he goes. 646 00:39:57,961 --> 00:40:00,589 This tender-hearted fool 647 00:40:00,631 --> 00:40:03,429 has given his family 648 00:40:03,467 --> 00:40:05,128 many anxious hours. 649 00:40:06,870 --> 00:40:09,065 I'm very happy with him. 650 00:40:09,106 --> 00:40:12,075 Public business must be done by somebody. 651 00:40:13,944 --> 00:40:16,674 If wise men decline it, others will do it. 652 00:40:20,117 --> 00:40:22,881 So you've always taught us, Father. 653 00:40:31,094 --> 00:40:33,187 - Sir. - Sir. 654 00:40:33,230 --> 00:40:34,857 Goodbye, Mother. 655 00:40:36,600 --> 00:40:40,593 You have more prudence at 27 than your father at 58. 656 00:40:42,773 --> 00:40:45,037 All of my hopes are in you... 657 00:40:46,777 --> 00:40:50,304 both for our family and for our country. 658 00:40:50,347 --> 00:40:52,838 Do not disappoint me. 659 00:40:57,321 --> 00:40:59,255 Thomas. 660 00:41:03,093 --> 00:41:04,754 Come on. 661 00:41:08,999 --> 00:41:11,832 God keep them safe. 662 00:41:22,312 --> 00:41:25,110 I am sorry to cut my visit so short, Charles, 663 00:41:25,148 --> 00:41:27,116 but I am needed in Philadelphia. 664 00:41:27,150 --> 00:41:29,584 Mr. Jay has returned from London 665 00:41:29,619 --> 00:41:32,520 and the news he brings has not been well-received. 666 00:41:32,556 --> 00:41:35,047 - There is a treaty with England then? - Yes. 667 00:41:35,092 --> 00:41:37,424 And he will be pilloried for it. 668 00:41:39,229 --> 00:41:41,891 Your practice prospers, I trust? 669 00:41:41,932 --> 00:41:43,422 I have clients. 670 00:41:44,901 --> 00:41:47,426 See that you keep them. 671 00:41:50,540 --> 00:41:53,703 Sally seems a steady girl. 672 00:41:56,813 --> 00:41:59,748 I feared that you would not give us your blessing. 673 00:41:59,783 --> 00:42:03,184 An aspiring lawyer should never marry early. 674 00:42:04,721 --> 00:42:06,586 Advice you yourself ignored. 675 00:42:10,794 --> 00:42:13,024 You are happy for me, Father? 676 00:42:14,631 --> 00:42:16,622 You are my son. 677 00:42:19,069 --> 00:42:21,037 I wonder, Father, 678 00:42:21,071 --> 00:42:24,165 just how many anxious hours did you waste on my behalf? 679 00:42:24,207 --> 00:42:26,107 Was it before or after you and Mother 680 00:42:26,143 --> 00:42:28,407 abandoned me and Thomas to the care of tutors? 681 00:42:33,784 --> 00:42:35,718 Are you quite out of your senses, man? 682 00:42:35,752 --> 00:42:37,310 All those years you were in Europe 683 00:42:37,354 --> 00:42:39,618 you were nothing more than a name at the end of a letter. 684 00:42:39,656 --> 00:42:41,419 A very infrequent letter. 685 00:42:41,458 --> 00:42:43,824 Letters full of advice but never affection. 686 00:42:45,062 --> 00:42:48,657 Good God, you are a frivolous boy, Charles. 687 00:42:49,966 --> 00:42:52,901 You know absolutely nothing of honor. 688 00:42:52,936 --> 00:42:55,905 Your disgraceful behavior at Harvard should have been proof enough 689 00:42:55,939 --> 00:42:57,702 of your disregard for duty. 690 00:42:57,741 --> 00:43:00,073 Duty, Father? Was that it or was it reputation? 691 00:43:01,812 --> 00:43:05,714 My entire life has been one of devotion to my country, sir. 692 00:43:05,749 --> 00:43:07,614 Your country. You always speak of your country. 693 00:43:07,651 --> 00:43:09,175 What about us, your family? 694 00:43:09,219 --> 00:43:11,517 Do we not merit any of your precious devotion? 695 00:43:16,626 --> 00:43:18,856 We will never speak of these matters again. 696 00:43:18,895 --> 00:43:21,125 Do we have your blessing, Father? 697 00:43:44,788 --> 00:43:47,882 Gentlemen! Gentlemen! 698 00:43:47,924 --> 00:43:49,915 Gentlemen! 699 00:43:49,960 --> 00:43:52,451 The vote to ratify 700 00:43:52,496 --> 00:43:56,159 the treaty negotiated by Mr. Jay with Great Britain 701 00:43:56,199 --> 00:43:59,691 still stands at 15 in favor, 15 against. 702 00:43:59,736 --> 00:44:03,069 The Jay Treaty is no more than a capitulation to Britain. 703 00:44:03,106 --> 00:44:05,870 They treat us as though we were still a colony. 704 00:44:05,909 --> 00:44:08,434 Peace, sir, is not capitulation. 705 00:44:08,478 --> 00:44:11,845 - Mr. Pinckney, stand down. - And the treaty ensures peace. 706 00:44:11,882 --> 00:44:14,612 - Stand down, sir. - If the people of the United States 707 00:44:14,651 --> 00:44:18,018 had been consulted, no treaty whatever would have been formed, 708 00:44:18,054 --> 00:44:21,922 especially at the expense of the French republic. 709 00:44:21,958 --> 00:44:23,425 Great Britain is not to be contended with? 710 00:44:23,460 --> 00:44:26,896 Did we not fight a bloody and costly revolution 711 00:44:26,930 --> 00:44:29,694 to rid ourselves of British contagion? 712 00:44:29,733 --> 00:44:32,201 - Gentlemen! - Do you want to fight another one? 713 00:44:32,235 --> 00:44:36,035 Mr. Pinckney you will cease! 714 00:44:36,072 --> 00:44:38,905 Good heavens. 715 00:44:40,710 --> 00:44:42,769 The vote still stands 716 00:44:42,812 --> 00:44:45,337 at 15 in favor, 15 against. 717 00:44:45,382 --> 00:44:48,408 And as the Senate cannot come to a resolution, 718 00:44:48,451 --> 00:44:51,443 the final vote, the deciding vote, 719 00:44:51,488 --> 00:44:53,820 falls to this chair. 720 00:44:58,061 --> 00:45:00,928 Falls to His Rotundity. 721 00:45:07,437 --> 00:45:09,530 The president's wishes are clear. 722 00:45:14,110 --> 00:45:17,375 I vote for ratification. 723 00:45:20,283 --> 00:45:23,741 Mr. MacClay. 724 00:45:23,787 --> 00:45:27,553 Mr. Adams casts his vote with the president 725 00:45:27,591 --> 00:45:31,186 only because he looks up to the same goal. 726 00:45:31,228 --> 00:45:33,196 I am forced to look up to it 727 00:45:33,230 --> 00:45:35,892 and bound by duty to do so, sir, 728 00:45:35,932 --> 00:45:38,457 as there is only one breath of one mortal 729 00:45:38,501 --> 00:45:41,766 between me and it. 730 00:45:41,805 --> 00:45:45,673 No treaty with England! No treaty with England! 731 00:45:45,709 --> 00:45:48,872 No treaty! 732 00:45:48,912 --> 00:45:51,710 No Jay Treaty! 733 00:45:55,652 --> 00:45:57,677 The hellhounds are in full cry. 734 00:45:57,721 --> 00:46:00,121 They say I have sold this country 735 00:46:00,156 --> 00:46:01,919 to England, 736 00:46:01,958 --> 00:46:05,724 that I have sided with a mad English king over the French republic. 737 00:46:09,399 --> 00:46:11,367 Slanders and libels, 738 00:46:11,401 --> 00:46:14,928 mobs, seditions, 739 00:46:14,971 --> 00:46:18,338 and then the hissing snakes, the burning torches 740 00:46:18,375 --> 00:46:20,434 and haggard horrors of civil war. 741 00:46:22,178 --> 00:46:24,203 My desk overflows 742 00:46:24,247 --> 00:46:27,410 with memorials and petitions, 743 00:46:27,450 --> 00:46:29,918 with addresses, resolutions, remonstrances 744 00:46:29,953 --> 00:46:31,318 from every corner of the country, 745 00:46:31,354 --> 00:46:34,687 all urging me to refuse my signature, 746 00:46:34,724 --> 00:46:37,522 declaring I'm a traitor because I've sided 747 00:46:37,560 --> 00:46:39,027 with a mad English king 748 00:46:39,062 --> 00:46:41,428 over the French republic. 749 00:46:41,464 --> 00:46:44,160 Chief Justice Jay informs me 750 00:46:44,200 --> 00:46:47,795 that he could steer a course from one end of the country 751 00:46:47,837 --> 00:46:51,466 to the other by the light of his own burning effigies. 752 00:46:51,508 --> 00:46:53,203 I do not approve 753 00:46:53,243 --> 00:46:55,803 of everything in that treaty, 754 00:46:55,845 --> 00:46:59,975 but at least it keeps us out of their blasted war. 755 00:47:07,691 --> 00:47:10,922 I know what it is to be unpopular, 756 00:47:10,960 --> 00:47:12,689 Mr. Adams. 757 00:47:12,729 --> 00:47:16,028 I am weary of the task. 758 00:47:17,701 --> 00:47:20,693 Most weary. 759 00:47:31,314 --> 00:47:35,182 To relinquish the presidency after two terms 760 00:47:35,218 --> 00:47:38,381 when he could've served for the rest of his life... 761 00:47:41,791 --> 00:47:44,692 George Washington is an extraordinary man. 762 00:47:47,697 --> 00:47:50,723 I am heir apparent, you know. 763 00:47:57,107 --> 00:47:59,371 Whoever follows General Washington 764 00:47:59,409 --> 00:48:01,639 inherits a devilish load. 765 00:48:05,548 --> 00:48:07,675 I'm not afraid of that. 766 00:48:10,153 --> 00:48:12,246 I'm not. 767 00:48:14,224 --> 00:48:15,714 Will Thomas oppose you? 768 00:48:18,428 --> 00:48:20,419 Yes. 769 00:48:24,167 --> 00:48:27,898 Thomas thinks that in his retirement 770 00:48:27,937 --> 00:48:30,405 he will get the reputation of a humble man 771 00:48:30,440 --> 00:48:32,203 without ambition or vanity. 772 00:48:32,242 --> 00:48:35,769 He may even have deceived himself into that belief, 773 00:48:35,812 --> 00:48:38,804 but now that the prospect 774 00:48:38,848 --> 00:48:41,112 is open to him, 775 00:48:41,151 --> 00:48:44,279 the world will find that he is as ambitious 776 00:48:44,320 --> 00:48:46,254 as any man. 777 00:48:54,864 --> 00:48:57,594 These are now to be found 778 00:48:57,634 --> 00:48:59,761 in every state. 779 00:49:03,506 --> 00:49:06,703 Thomas Jefferson is a firm Republican 780 00:49:06,743 --> 00:49:09,803 where as you are... 781 00:49:11,848 --> 00:49:14,009 It's the same old charge... 782 00:49:14,050 --> 00:49:15,540 monarchist. 783 00:49:15,585 --> 00:49:17,644 We may expect the south and west 784 00:49:17,687 --> 00:49:19,951 to be firmly in Mr. Jefferson's camp. 785 00:49:19,989 --> 00:49:21,650 New England will stay true 786 00:49:21,691 --> 00:49:23,989 but there is uncertainty 787 00:49:24,027 --> 00:49:26,495 in New York, Pennsylvania 788 00:49:26,529 --> 00:49:28,360 and South Carolina. 789 00:49:28,398 --> 00:49:30,593 It's always those three... 790 00:49:30,633 --> 00:49:34,535 New York, Pennsylvania and South Carolina. 791 00:49:34,571 --> 00:49:36,664 They're rather fickle, those three. 792 00:49:36,706 --> 00:49:39,266 That is not the worst of it. 793 00:49:39,309 --> 00:49:40,833 Hmm? 794 00:49:40,877 --> 00:49:43,846 The electors are being encouraged to show support for 795 00:49:43,880 --> 00:49:46,747 another candidate... 796 00:49:46,783 --> 00:49:49,843 Thomas Pinckney of South Carolina. 797 00:49:51,988 --> 00:49:55,947 Thomas Pinckney? 798 00:49:57,494 --> 00:49:59,359 Oh. 799 00:50:00,997 --> 00:50:04,091 There can be no comparison in experience 800 00:50:04,133 --> 00:50:06,397 or sacrifice to the government between me and him. 801 00:50:08,771 --> 00:50:11,239 Whether I shall have anything more to do with the government 802 00:50:11,274 --> 00:50:14,539 besides praying for it, I do not know. Pinckney. 803 00:50:17,514 --> 00:50:20,711 Mr. Hamilton has been 804 00:50:20,750 --> 00:50:24,481 rather outspoken in his praise of Mr. Pinckney. 805 00:50:24,521 --> 00:50:28,252 It is said he fears that you will be unable to better Mr. Jefferson; 806 00:50:28,291 --> 00:50:32,318 That what matters is not your own election, 807 00:50:32,362 --> 00:50:34,159 but that Mr. Jefferson be 808 00:50:34,197 --> 00:50:36,927 defeated at all costs. 809 00:50:44,841 --> 00:50:47,241 So it was Hamilton... 810 00:50:49,279 --> 00:50:53,113 who intrigued against me in the first election. 811 00:50:53,149 --> 00:50:55,947 So it appears. 812 00:51:04,961 --> 00:51:07,395 I have no stomach for cards. 813 00:51:07,430 --> 00:51:09,421 No. 814 00:51:17,340 --> 00:51:19,103 I have just been handed 815 00:51:19,142 --> 00:51:22,771 the final tabulations of the Electoral College... 816 00:51:25,715 --> 00:51:27,774 which I will now read to you. 817 00:51:46,369 --> 00:51:49,964 For Aaron Burr... 30 votes. 818 00:51:50,006 --> 00:51:51,997 For Thomas Pinckney... 819 00:51:54,077 --> 00:51:56,545 59 votes. 820 00:51:56,579 --> 00:51:59,639 For Thomas Jefferson... 68 votes. 821 00:52:02,051 --> 00:52:04,042 For John Adams... 822 00:52:06,022 --> 00:52:08,320 71 votes. 823 00:52:40,390 --> 00:52:42,984 Mr. President. 824 00:52:44,460 --> 00:52:48,157 I, John Adams, solemnly swear 825 00:52:48,197 --> 00:52:50,392 that I will faithfully execute the office 826 00:52:50,433 --> 00:52:52,526 of President of the United States... 827 00:52:54,270 --> 00:52:56,636 and will, to the best of my ability, 828 00:52:56,673 --> 00:53:00,609 preserve, protect and defend the Constitution 829 00:53:00,643 --> 00:53:03,077 of the United States... 830 00:53:04,580 --> 00:53:06,741 so help me God. 831 00:53:16,426 --> 00:53:18,360 Mr. President, 832 00:53:18,394 --> 00:53:20,294 Mr. Vice President... 833 00:53:24,767 --> 00:53:26,758 gentlemen of the congress... 834 00:53:29,338 --> 00:53:31,363 employed in the service 835 00:53:31,407 --> 00:53:34,934 of my country abroad, 836 00:53:34,977 --> 00:53:36,945 I first saw the Constitution 837 00:53:36,979 --> 00:53:40,346 of the United States in a foreign country. 838 00:53:43,352 --> 00:53:46,913 I read it with great satisfaction 839 00:53:46,956 --> 00:53:48,787 as a result of good heads 840 00:53:48,825 --> 00:53:51,851 prompted by good hearts... 841 00:53:54,163 --> 00:53:57,030 as an experiment better suited to the genius, 842 00:53:57,066 --> 00:54:00,524 character and situation of this country 843 00:54:00,570 --> 00:54:04,506 than any which had ever been suggested or proposed. 844 00:54:05,942 --> 00:54:09,673 What other form of government, indeed... 845 00:54:10,747 --> 00:54:12,806 can so well deserve 846 00:54:12,849 --> 00:54:15,283 our esteem and love? 847 00:54:15,318 --> 00:54:18,685 A government in which the executive, 848 00:54:18,721 --> 00:54:21,918 as well as all the other branches of the legislature, 849 00:54:21,958 --> 00:54:24,449 are exercised by citizens 850 00:54:24,494 --> 00:54:28,055 selected at regular periods by their neighbors 851 00:54:28,097 --> 00:54:30,361 to make and execute laws 852 00:54:30,399 --> 00:54:32,424 for the general good. 853 00:54:32,468 --> 00:54:33,935 Is authority, 854 00:54:33,970 --> 00:54:35,938 when it springs 855 00:54:35,972 --> 00:54:38,998 from accidents and institutions 856 00:54:39,041 --> 00:54:41,532 established in remote antiquity, 857 00:54:41,577 --> 00:54:43,511 more amiable or respectable 858 00:54:43,546 --> 00:54:47,107 than when it springs fresh from the hearts and judgments 859 00:54:47,150 --> 00:54:49,550 of an honest and enlightened people? 860 00:54:51,521 --> 00:54:54,183 For eight years 861 00:54:54,223 --> 00:54:57,351 we have been under the administration of a citizen 862 00:54:57,393 --> 00:55:00,590 who, through a long course of great actions... 863 00:55:01,998 --> 00:55:05,161 regulated by prudence, 864 00:55:05,201 --> 00:55:08,967 justice, temperance and fortitude, 865 00:55:09,005 --> 00:55:11,997 merited the full gratitude 866 00:55:12,041 --> 00:55:14,407 of all his fellow citizens. 867 00:55:14,443 --> 00:55:17,844 May the name of Washington be a rampart 868 00:55:17,880 --> 00:55:21,816 and the knowledge that he lives a bulwark 869 00:55:21,851 --> 00:55:24,046 against all open or secret enemies 870 00:55:24,086 --> 00:55:25,644 of his country's peace. 871 00:55:49,245 --> 00:55:51,873 With this great example before me... 872 00:55:53,449 --> 00:55:56,748 and with the faith and honor of the American people... 873 00:55:59,288 --> 00:56:02,052 upon which I have so often 874 00:56:02,091 --> 00:56:05,549 hazarded my all 875 00:56:05,595 --> 00:56:09,258 and never been deceived, 876 00:56:09,298 --> 00:56:12,790 I make you the following solemn promises: 877 00:56:15,104 --> 00:56:17,504 To do justice at all times 878 00:56:17,540 --> 00:56:20,566 and to all nations; 879 00:56:20,610 --> 00:56:23,101 to maintain peace, 880 00:56:23,145 --> 00:56:26,137 brotherhood and benevolence with all the world; 881 00:56:26,182 --> 00:56:29,948 and to lay myself under the most solemn obligations 882 00:56:29,986 --> 00:56:34,423 to uphold the Constitution of the United States 883 00:56:34,457 --> 00:56:36,652 to the utmost of my power. 884 00:56:53,009 --> 00:56:55,102 - Mr. President. - Mr. Vice President, 885 00:56:55,144 --> 00:56:56,873 I thank you very much, sir. 886 00:56:56,913 --> 00:57:00,076 Titles have cost me troubles enough. 887 00:57:00,116 --> 00:57:03,449 Let's just make it plain John as it was in Paris, yes? 888 00:57:09,625 --> 00:57:11,217 Mr. President. 889 00:57:11,260 --> 00:57:12,727 Mr. President. 890 00:57:12,762 --> 00:57:14,923 Thank you, sir. Thank you. 891 00:57:14,964 --> 00:57:17,262 I am fairly out 892 00:57:17,300 --> 00:57:20,599 and you are fairly in. 893 00:57:20,636 --> 00:57:23,799 See which of us will be the happiest. 894 00:57:39,588 --> 00:57:41,146 The staff had quite the jubilee 895 00:57:41,190 --> 00:57:44,159 when the general took his leave, sir. 896 00:57:44,193 --> 00:57:46,320 The crockery, the furniture, 897 00:57:46,362 --> 00:57:48,990 curtains and carpets all gone. 898 00:57:49,031 --> 00:57:51,363 Even the bed linens, sir. 899 00:57:51,400 --> 00:57:54,164 The lot of it. They took all of it. 900 00:57:54,203 --> 00:57:57,104 Sorry, sir, 901 00:57:57,139 --> 00:57:59,630 Ma'am. 902 00:57:59,675 --> 00:58:01,870 Deplorable. 903 00:58:27,603 --> 00:58:29,594 I hate speeches. 904 00:58:32,074 --> 00:58:34,702 I hate to talk to 1,000 people 905 00:58:34,744 --> 00:58:37,304 to whom I have nothing to say. 906 00:58:37,346 --> 00:58:40,110 And yet, all that you can do... 907 00:58:43,986 --> 00:58:45,954 and have done. 908 00:58:45,988 --> 00:58:49,321 Oh, the decays of nature. 909 00:58:52,661 --> 00:58:55,596 Painful for an old man to acknowledge them. 910 00:58:55,631 --> 00:58:58,429 Then you must count other blessings: 911 00:59:00,503 --> 00:59:02,437 Two sons 912 00:59:02,471 --> 00:59:04,439 embarked on a diplomatic career; 913 00:59:04,473 --> 00:59:06,532 Another at the bar; 914 00:59:06,575 --> 00:59:09,408 A daughter 915 00:59:09,445 --> 00:59:11,913 who has given you a beautiful grandchild; 916 00:59:14,050 --> 00:59:16,575 And a most patient wife. 917 00:59:49,518 --> 00:59:52,919 Promise not to expose these croakings and groanings. 918 00:59:54,723 --> 00:59:56,691 Really, John, 919 00:59:56,725 --> 00:59:58,386 such shenanigans 920 00:59:58,427 --> 01:00:01,396 from a man of 60. 921 01:00:03,265 --> 01:00:06,132 And the president at that. 922 01:00:13,475 --> 01:00:15,066 Up, John. 923 01:00:15,944 --> 01:00:17,612 John. 924 01:00:17,646 --> 01:00:19,307 Yes? 925 01:00:21,116 --> 01:00:22,607 Up. 63652

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