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In the new shipment of military aid to Ukraine,
another batch of cluster munitions is included.
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During one of the interviews, I noticed
comments from Ukrainian military personnel
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who believe that these cluster munitions
are primarily used against Russian occupiers
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in open areas but are less effective in
attacks on trenches. Why, considering the
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large number of projectiles and their spread,
are they not as effective against trenches?
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When it comes to open trenches, submunitions used
in cluster munitions can indeed cause damage.
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However, when dealing with fortified
structures with tunnels and enclosed
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shelters, submunitions often lack the
power to inflict significant harm.
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People inside such shelters
usually remain relatively safe.
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The idea that cluster munitions can be used to
clear minefields is also not entirely accurate.
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If something explodes near a mine, it will also
explode. In essence, this is how demining systems
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work; they use explosives to clear an area. So
if a shell explodes near a mine, well, you know.
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On the other hand, if you have a large minefield,
you will need to create a lunar landscape.
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Since there are many submunitions, some of them
may detonate, such as anti-personnel mines.
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But it's like playing Russian roulette—some may
detonate, and some may not. So in fact you can
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use it, but purposefully - no, it is better
to use special means and equipment for this.
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The other thing is that there are a lot of
questions about how to use these tools now amid
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the ubiquity of drones and reconnaissance
assets. But that's a separate topic.
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It seems that the extensive mine-laying
conducted by Russian occupiers came as
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a surprise to Ukraine's allies but
not to the Ukrainian General Staff,
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which regularly emphasized the need
for significant resources for demining.
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The Russians effectively mined more than
their military doctrine had anticipated,
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causing surprise. Even leading
Western analysts acknowledge and
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clearly emphasize that the scale of
mine-laying exceeded expectations.
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In any case, the level of mine contamination
is exceptionally high. However, there are other
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important aspects to consider. Knowledge of how
to interact with mines is widespread. But modern
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detection tools can detect engineered means
of detonation, making them more risky to use.
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For example, ORYX publishes documented losses
on both sides and analyzes their causes.
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We see that FPV drones play a big role and they
are able to detect and immediately attack targets.
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In fact, they have changed the rules of engagement
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and this represents a new reality
that has only recently emerged.
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Currently, there is no clear military doctrine on
how to interact with minefields and engineering
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assets in the face of the FPV drone threat.
There is a need to develop strategies that will
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allow effective use of engineering means,
but minimize risks to one's own troops.
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I have seen testimonies from Ukrainian
military that very often they have to
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clear minefields manually at night.
Equipment is a target and as soon as
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some equipment appears on the battlefield, it
is immediately visible from a great distance.
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For example, a helicopter can detect vehicles and
engage them from a long range. At the same time,
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a small group of sappers can hide behind trees in
a forest belt and go undetected by a helicopter.
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That is why it is difficult to use engineering
equipment and not only it. For the same reason,
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the offensive is carried out by mobile assault
groups. But this is the subject of the next video.
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