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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:04,237 --> 00:00:08,241 TIBBETS: When I'm flying, I'm no longer on this planet. 3 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 4 00:00:08,308 --> 00:00:12,278 But up in the blue, zooming down through endless time. 5 00:00:12,679 --> 00:00:17,384 It's so completely satisfying and so hauntingly unrecapturable. 6 00:00:17,550 --> 00:00:19,452 PILOT (over radio): Fighters, 10:00. You got three on your tail. 7 00:00:19,519 --> 00:00:20,353 PILOT (over radio): Pull 'em up, pull 'em up. 8 00:00:20,420 --> 00:00:21,054 PILOT (over radio): There's two more. 9 00:00:21,121 --> 00:00:25,458 TIBBETS: My hair is soupy with sweat each day I hold hands with death. 10 00:00:26,359 --> 00:00:30,630 But I'm not scared. Not yet. 11 00:00:31,598 --> 00:00:35,935 NARRATOR: When humanity was faced with a catastrophic threat, 12 00:00:36,036 --> 00:00:39,439 a madman, with millions of supporters 13 00:00:39,506 --> 00:00:41,908 determined to conquer the world. 14 00:00:42,242 --> 00:00:47,580 A group of men came together to create the world's largest air force. 15 00:00:47,647 --> 00:00:49,516 PILOT (over radio): Three planes, 9:00 coming around. 16 00:00:49,582 --> 00:00:53,453 NARRATOR: And win back the skies of Europe. 17 00:00:54,054 --> 00:00:58,625 This is the astonishing true story of their courage and sacrifice. 18 00:00:58,691 --> 00:01:00,994 PILOT (over radio): B-17 out of control at 3:00. 19 00:01:01,061 --> 00:01:04,597 NARRATOR: Told in the actual words of the men who were there 20 00:01:04,664 --> 00:01:07,367 and shown through incredible real-life images 21 00:01:07,434 --> 00:01:11,604 fearlessly filmed by actual combat cameramen. 22 00:01:12,005 --> 00:01:16,409 This is the story of the Mighty Eighth Air Force. 23 00:01:19,279 --> 00:01:25,819 (theme music plays). 24 00:01:35,361 --> 00:01:41,868 (air raid alarm, explosions). 25 00:01:57,283 --> 00:02:03,957 (marching). 26 00:02:19,072 --> 00:02:25,678 ♪ ♪ 27 00:02:29,883 --> 00:02:32,652 MAN (over radio): Stand therefore with truth like a bel 28 00:02:32,752 --> 00:02:36,156 around your waist, righteousness like... 29 00:02:40,760 --> 00:02:42,495 TIBBETS: I'm flying high above Georgia, 30 00:02:42,562 --> 00:02:44,831 on my way back from a training mission, 31 00:02:44,898 --> 00:02:48,701 trying to pick up some actual music instead of the sermons 32 00:02:48,768 --> 00:02:52,205 they always play on weekends. 33 00:02:52,272 --> 00:02:55,241 ♪ ♪ 34 00:02:55,308 --> 00:02:58,611 NARRATOR: Medical school dropout Captain Paul Warfield Tibbets, 35 00:02:58,678 --> 00:03:02,682 is considered not only a fierce and highly dedicated soldier 36 00:03:02,749 --> 00:03:07,820 but the best pilot in the US Army's newest branch, their "Air Forces". 37 00:03:08,421 --> 00:03:11,457 Tibbets' grace under pressure will be essential for the 38 00:03:11,524 --> 00:03:15,828 US in the days and years ahead. 39 00:03:16,162 --> 00:03:17,931 REPORTER (over radio): We interrupt this broadcast to bring you this 40 00:03:17,997 --> 00:03:19,899 important bulletin from the United Press. 41 00:03:19,966 --> 00:03:22,435 Flash Washington, The White House announces Japanese 42 00:03:22,502 --> 00:03:24,704 attack on Pearl Harbor. 43 00:03:24,771 --> 00:03:26,439 REPORTER (over radio): From the National newsroom in New York, 44 00:03:26,506 --> 00:03:28,841 President Roosevelt said in a statement today that the 45 00:03:28,908 --> 00:03:33,012 Japanese have attacked Pearl Harbor in Hawaii from the air. 46 00:03:33,079 --> 00:03:34,914 REPORTER (over radio): Another bulletin, 47 00:03:34,981 --> 00:03:37,517 the Secretary of War has just announced that all military 48 00:03:37,584 --> 00:03:41,821 personnel on active duty is to appear Monday in uniform. 49 00:03:46,092 --> 00:03:48,761 TIBBETS: By the time I land, people are streaming out of 50 00:03:48,828 --> 00:03:51,764 the buildings and all over the fields. 51 00:03:51,831 --> 00:03:54,701 War was suddenly a reality. 52 00:03:55,101 --> 00:03:58,037 NARRATOR: With the US officially at war with Japan, 53 00:03:58,104 --> 00:04:03,142 young men all across the country begin to enlist in the military. 54 00:04:04,477 --> 00:04:09,882 Paul Tibbets stands by waiting to see where he'll be assigned. 55 00:04:10,850 --> 00:04:12,685 TIBBETS: We still didn't know what Uncle Sam had in mind 56 00:04:12,752 --> 00:04:16,522 for us but I was determined we'd be ready. 57 00:04:24,030 --> 00:04:26,132 NARRATOR: Despite the Japanese attack, 58 00:04:26,199 --> 00:04:31,571 Winston Churchill and FDR agree on a "defeat Germany first" policy. 59 00:04:31,638 --> 00:04:35,575 The ultimate goal, an Allied invasion of Europe. 60 00:04:35,642 --> 00:04:37,310 But how? 61 00:04:37,377 --> 00:04:42,282 The Luftwaffe, Germany's fearsome air force rules the skies over Europe. 62 00:04:42,849 --> 00:04:46,219 They have thousands of battle-tested pilots and planes and 63 00:04:46,286 --> 00:04:51,424 two years of combat experience against Britain's Royal Air Force. 64 00:04:51,691 --> 00:04:54,494 (gunfire, explosion). 65 00:04:55,328 --> 00:05:00,833 But unlike the Germans, the US' pilots have only flown peacetime patrols. 66 00:05:00,900 --> 00:05:03,870 They have zero combat experience. 67 00:05:03,936 --> 00:05:06,172 And yet to win this war, 68 00:05:06,239 --> 00:05:11,311 somehow the US must smash the Luftwaffe out of the sky. 69 00:05:12,111 --> 00:05:14,814 ROOSEVELT: We know now that if we lose this war, 70 00:05:14,881 --> 00:05:18,184 it will be generations or even centuries before our 71 00:05:18,251 --> 00:05:21,821 conception of democracy can live again. 72 00:05:23,556 --> 00:05:28,227 NARRATOR: The US designates air force units all around the world. 73 00:05:28,294 --> 00:05:31,097 Starting with the number 1, each unit will be given a 74 00:05:31,164 --> 00:05:32,999 different mission. 75 00:05:33,066 --> 00:05:35,335 Some will train airmen stateside and guard the 76 00:05:35,401 --> 00:05:39,472 American homeland while others will go abroad and bring the 77 00:05:39,539 --> 00:05:42,809 fight to the Axis powers. 78 00:05:42,875 --> 00:05:46,145 The 8th Air Force will be sent to England. 79 00:05:46,212 --> 00:05:49,549 Their official mission to bomb German military targets 80 00:05:49,615 --> 00:05:52,618 throughout Western Europe. 81 00:05:53,119 --> 00:05:56,422 The newly formed 8th will need a commander. 82 00:05:56,489 --> 00:05:59,525 Someone who can build the world's largest air force. 83 00:05:59,592 --> 00:06:02,061 From scratch. 84 00:06:09,736 --> 00:06:13,139 EAKER: This is what I have been waiting for all my life. 85 00:06:13,206 --> 00:06:16,876 This is what I have been training for, for 24 years. 86 00:06:16,943 --> 00:06:19,145 I aim to show they did not pick the wrong guy for this 87 00:06:19,212 --> 00:06:21,581 job I am about to undertake. 88 00:06:21,647 --> 00:06:24,016 NARRATOR: General Ira Eaker has been flying planes for 89 00:06:24,083 --> 00:06:27,854 over 20 years, but like almost every other member of 90 00:06:27,920 --> 00:06:32,692 Air Force Command, Eaker has zero combat experience. 91 00:06:32,759 --> 00:06:36,629 He has only tested planes and trained pilots. 92 00:06:37,530 --> 00:06:41,000 He arrives in England in February of 1942, 93 00:06:41,067 --> 00:06:44,971 with zero planes and another six men. 94 00:06:45,037 --> 00:06:48,708 The RAF gives Eaker his headquarters at High Wycombe. 95 00:06:49,208 --> 00:06:52,445 The most important mission of Eaker's career begins the 96 00:06:52,512 --> 00:06:58,117 Eighth Air Force must start bombing Germany as quickly as possible. 97 00:07:04,524 --> 00:07:08,361 General Eaker tours a country that's in bad shape. 98 00:07:08,428 --> 00:07:12,398 The British are holding on but just barely. 99 00:07:12,732 --> 00:07:15,334 London is filled with bombed out buildings, 100 00:07:15,401 --> 00:07:18,137 the constant drone of air raid sirens, 101 00:07:18,204 --> 00:07:22,308 and food ration lines that wrap around the block. 102 00:07:24,510 --> 00:07:27,046 EAKER: I have daily discussions far into the night 103 00:07:27,113 --> 00:07:29,215 with the British bomber commander about different 104 00:07:29,282 --> 00:07:31,884 approaches to bombing. 105 00:07:32,552 --> 00:07:36,155 He tells me their own experiences bombing the Germans. 106 00:07:36,222 --> 00:07:38,858 NARRATOR: At the war's start, the Royal Air Force only flew 107 00:07:38,925 --> 00:07:41,027 missions by day. 108 00:07:41,093 --> 00:07:44,230 It made for more accurate bombing, only military targets 109 00:07:44,297 --> 00:07:48,334 were hit and innocent civilians were kept safe. 110 00:07:48,401 --> 00:07:53,239 But flying during daylight meant British bombers were easy targets. 111 00:07:53,306 --> 00:07:57,276 They kept getting shot down by German fighters. 112 00:07:57,343 --> 00:08:01,013 But in 1940 when Germany began to indiscriminately bomb 113 00:08:01,080 --> 00:08:06,185 British civilian targets, the RAF took their gloves off and 114 00:08:06,252 --> 00:08:10,723 began to bomb German cities and civilians 115 00:08:12,124 --> 00:08:17,129 at night deliberately blanketing large areas. 116 00:08:18,164 --> 00:08:22,969 This "Area bombing" in darkness meant their men would be safer. 117 00:08:23,536 --> 00:08:26,138 But they knew their bombs would be less accurate, 118 00:08:26,205 --> 00:08:29,509 killing civilians. 119 00:08:33,045 --> 00:08:37,717 Now, the RAF continue to sow terror among the enemy hoping 120 00:08:37,783 --> 00:08:42,355 to break German morale and end the war. 121 00:08:42,421 --> 00:08:47,126 And they want Eaker and the Eighth to join them on their nighttime missions. 122 00:08:47,760 --> 00:08:50,162 But Eaker and the US refuse. 123 00:08:50,229 --> 00:08:53,633 They'll do things their way. 124 00:08:54,800 --> 00:08:57,937 EAKER: Area bombing just doesn't make tactical sense for the Eighth. 125 00:08:58,004 --> 00:09:00,373 Their bombs fall and hit houses and churches. 126 00:09:00,439 --> 00:09:02,875 I have a distaste for the whole business. 127 00:09:02,942 --> 00:09:06,646 We'll bomb by day, the British can bomb by night. 128 00:09:06,712 --> 00:09:10,216 We'll hit the Germans right around the clock. 129 00:09:11,284 --> 00:09:13,853 NARRATOR: Finally, in July of 1942, 130 00:09:13,920 --> 00:09:17,023 the first group of bomber crews arrive in England 131 00:09:17,089 --> 00:09:20,927 ready to carry out Eaker's orders. 132 00:09:21,928 --> 00:09:26,165 The RAF is amused by the Americans' naive arrogance. 133 00:09:26,232 --> 00:09:28,668 Since he first landed in England with visions of 134 00:09:28,734 --> 00:09:31,871 daylight bombing, the Brits have been calling his men 135 00:09:31,938 --> 00:09:34,040 "Eaker's Amateurs". 136 00:09:34,106 --> 00:09:39,245 But even though the RAF think daylight bombing is suicide, 137 00:09:39,312 --> 00:09:42,515 Eaker and the US have faith that they will succeed where 138 00:09:42,582 --> 00:09:45,785 the British have not. 139 00:09:46,519 --> 00:09:49,522 Thanks to a powerful weapon in their arsenal, 140 00:09:49,589 --> 00:09:53,559 The B-17 Flying Fortress. 141 00:09:58,064 --> 00:10:01,901 Each bomber is equipped with a top-secret Norden Bombsight 142 00:10:01,968 --> 00:10:04,670 that allows crews to calculate how flight conditions will 143 00:10:04,737 --> 00:10:07,640 affect a bomb's trajectory. 144 00:10:07,707 --> 00:10:11,444 Confident American engineers make exaggerated claims that 145 00:10:11,510 --> 00:10:16,983 it can help drop a bomb into a pickle barrel from 30,000 feet. 146 00:10:17,049 --> 00:10:21,320 But that's not why it's called a Flying Fortress. 147 00:10:21,921 --> 00:10:25,558 Packed with 10 crew members, each B-17 is typically 148 00:10:25,625 --> 00:10:28,761 equipped with 12 .50 caliber machine guns 149 00:10:28,828 --> 00:10:31,530 covering nearly every angle. 150 00:10:31,597 --> 00:10:34,500 These bombers they insist along with their counterparts, 151 00:10:34,567 --> 00:10:38,938 the B-24 Liberator, can defend themselves against anything 152 00:10:39,005 --> 00:10:41,841 the Luftwaffe can throw at them. 153 00:10:41,907 --> 00:10:45,378 With their men, planes, and strategy in place, 154 00:10:45,444 --> 00:10:48,948 the Eighth is finally ready for the first B-17 daylight 155 00:10:49,015 --> 00:10:52,051 bombing mission of the war. 156 00:10:52,118 --> 00:10:56,889 The Eighth Air Forces' very existence may depend on its success. 157 00:10:58,624 --> 00:11:03,262 General Eaker needs a capable pilot to lead this first mission. 158 00:11:03,329 --> 00:11:05,998 He chooses a familiar face. 159 00:11:06,065 --> 00:11:10,336 One that's arrived with the first wave of men, 160 00:11:10,403 --> 00:11:14,073 Paul Warfield Tibbets. 161 00:11:18,811 --> 00:11:22,682 On August 17th, six months after he first touched down in 162 00:11:22,748 --> 00:11:26,852 England, General Eaker gives the all clear. 163 00:11:26,919 --> 00:11:30,456 Paul Tibbets and his crews are about to engage in an act of 164 00:11:30,523 --> 00:11:33,259 war against the enemy. 165 00:11:33,325 --> 00:11:38,664 TIBBETS: The last couple of days have been tense with anticipation. 166 00:11:40,700 --> 00:11:42,868 We have sufficient military training. 167 00:11:42,935 --> 00:11:44,770 PILOT (over radio): All right, Major Tibbets, you are clear for takeoff 168 00:11:44,837 --> 00:11:46,772 and good luck to all of you. 169 00:11:48,441 --> 00:11:53,179 TIBBETS: But no experience in actual warfare. 170 00:11:53,245 --> 00:11:55,848 What is it like to be fired at? 171 00:11:55,915 --> 00:11:59,051 Will we keep our positions when under attack? 172 00:11:59,118 --> 00:12:02,154 We'll soon find out. 173 00:12:03,055 --> 00:12:08,494 We just crossed the channel not far from our target. 174 00:12:14,533 --> 00:12:19,171 We're at 23,000 feet, in attack formation. 175 00:12:28,514 --> 00:12:31,751 NARRATOR: Their target is a military rail yard near the 176 00:12:31,817 --> 00:12:35,421 City of Rouen in Nazi-occupied France. 177 00:12:35,488 --> 00:12:38,891 The attack group consists of only 12 bombers. 178 00:12:39,325 --> 00:12:43,996 And because the Eighth doesn't have their own fighter plane yet, 179 00:12:44,063 --> 00:12:49,201 a handful of RAF Spitfire planes will ride along to protect them. 180 00:12:50,503 --> 00:12:53,539 TIBBETS: I think we've caught the Germans by surprise. 181 00:12:53,939 --> 00:12:57,443 I look out the cockpit window waiting to see some sign of 182 00:12:57,510 --> 00:13:02,314 enemy fighters but we're still in the clear. 183 00:13:07,286 --> 00:13:09,522 NARRATOR: Over the objections of his officers, 184 00:13:09,588 --> 00:13:14,326 General Ira Eaker insists on joining them in one of the bombers. 185 00:13:14,460 --> 00:13:19,031 He follows behind Tibbets' plane as they approach the target. 186 00:13:19,431 --> 00:13:22,635 EAKER: All combat crewmen take up their stations. 187 00:13:22,701 --> 00:13:25,271 We're alert and vigilant. 188 00:13:25,337 --> 00:13:30,042 Then Tibbets banks right leading the formation on our bombing approach. 189 00:13:31,410 --> 00:13:36,182 We're all astonished there are still no fighters or flak. 190 00:13:36,248 --> 00:13:40,553 My theory that day bombardment is feasible is about to be tested. 191 00:13:44,089 --> 00:13:49,528 I see the target ahead, long lines of railroad track crowded with freight cars. 192 00:13:51,096 --> 00:13:54,166 TIBBETS: I give the order to open the bay door, 193 00:13:54,233 --> 00:13:56,669 then switch control of "Butcher Shop" to the 194 00:13:56,735 --> 00:13:59,605 bombardier up in the plexiglass nose. 195 00:13:59,672 --> 00:14:02,575 It's his plane now. 196 00:14:07,546 --> 00:14:09,748 I hear the call over the intercom. 197 00:14:09,815 --> 00:14:11,817 PILOT (over radio): Bombs away. 198 00:14:12,918 --> 00:14:17,323 TIBBETS: All 12 planes drop their bombs, 37,000 pounds in total. 199 00:14:20,726 --> 00:14:25,431 NARRATOR: Paul Tibbets becomes the first B-17 pilot to attack 200 00:14:25,497 --> 00:14:29,335 German-held territory from the air. 201 00:14:35,641 --> 00:14:37,977 From the back of the formation, 202 00:14:38,043 --> 00:14:41,647 General Eaker keeps close tabs on the group's progress. 203 00:14:42,014 --> 00:14:45,718 EAKER: Mushroom clouds of smoke drift up toward the sky. 204 00:14:45,784 --> 00:14:47,553 One from within the central target, 205 00:14:47,620 --> 00:14:50,122 and a few others around the lengths of track. 206 00:14:50,189 --> 00:14:51,790 This is better than we could have asked for 207 00:14:51,857 --> 00:14:53,726 on our first combat mission. 208 00:14:53,792 --> 00:14:55,794 Our first direct attack on Hitler. 209 00:14:55,861 --> 00:14:57,429 We caught them off-guard. 210 00:14:57,496 --> 00:14:59,565 Now, time to get out of here. 211 00:14:59,899 --> 00:15:00,833 PILOT (over radio): Holy mackerel! 212 00:15:00,933 --> 00:15:05,905 TIBBETS: Now comes the flak, leaving stains of smoke in its wake. 213 00:15:08,007 --> 00:15:11,443 It's erratic at first but then zeroes in on us. 214 00:15:13,279 --> 00:15:14,980 Then I spot. 215 00:15:15,047 --> 00:15:15,948 PILOT (over radio): 9:00 clock high, enemy fighters. 216 00:15:16,015 --> 00:15:18,384 TIBBETS: Three German ME-190s coming in for the attack. 217 00:15:18,450 --> 00:15:19,485 PILOT (over radio): Watch those two at 12:00, 218 00:15:19,551 --> 00:15:21,086 they're coming in same thing at 3:00. 219 00:15:21,153 --> 00:15:23,756 PILOT (over radio): I see him. Low, he's going low. 220 00:15:23,822 --> 00:15:25,291 11:00 low. 221 00:15:25,357 --> 00:15:26,458 PILOT (over radio): Watch it, Paul. 222 00:15:26,525 --> 00:15:27,493 EAKER: They come zooming out of the Earth and open fire 223 00:15:27,559 --> 00:15:29,328 on our Fortresses. 224 00:15:29,395 --> 00:15:30,963 Their fighters let their tracers loose on our 225 00:15:31,030 --> 00:15:33,465 formation, but our gunners let loose on them. 226 00:15:33,532 --> 00:15:34,667 PILOT (over radio): It's coming on the Air Force. 227 00:15:34,733 --> 00:15:36,602 Pull her up, pull her up, pull her up. 228 00:15:36,669 --> 00:15:38,437 PILOT (over radio): Shoot, shoot, he's right there. 229 00:15:38,504 --> 00:15:39,672 11:00, straight up. 230 00:15:39,738 --> 00:15:41,440 PILOT (over radio): Watch your fighter at 3:00. 231 00:15:41,507 --> 00:15:43,108 They're coming in. I think I hit one. 232 00:15:43,175 --> 00:15:47,446 EAKER: Suddenly, we got new gunfire erupting above and below. 233 00:15:47,513 --> 00:15:49,415 PILOT (over radio): The Spits are on their back. 234 00:15:49,481 --> 00:15:52,184 EAKER: Our escorts, British Spitfire fighters are engaging 235 00:15:52,251 --> 00:15:54,853 the Germans, giving us cover. 236 00:15:54,920 --> 00:15:59,258 NARRATOR: A group of 35 to 40 German planes keep their distance... 237 00:15:59,325 --> 00:16:00,492 watching. 238 00:16:01,694 --> 00:16:05,197 TIBBETS: It seems like they're simply looking over us. 239 00:16:06,332 --> 00:16:07,833 We head back across the channel. 240 00:16:07,900 --> 00:16:09,168 PILOT (over radio): All clear. 241 00:16:09,234 --> 00:16:12,538 TIBBETS: And the tension is almost gone. 242 00:16:37,596 --> 00:16:42,334 NARRATOR: As all 12 bombers return safely back to base, 243 00:16:50,876 --> 00:16:55,447 US military officials and press crowd the tarmac to hear how it went. 244 00:16:55,514 --> 00:17:00,119 COMMANDER: General Eaker commanding the bomber command led this flight 245 00:17:00,185 --> 00:17:03,455 and he may like to say a few words. 246 00:17:04,423 --> 00:17:07,926 EAKER: I saw some FW 190s, attacked some of our ships, 247 00:17:07,993 --> 00:17:11,330 I could see their gunfire and I could also see the reply of 248 00:17:11,397 --> 00:17:13,165 our turret gunners. 249 00:17:13,232 --> 00:17:15,200 Our people held formation excellently. 250 00:17:15,267 --> 00:17:18,537 I don't think you need to worry about the training of our crew. 251 00:17:19,838 --> 00:17:22,808 NARRATOR: American commanders point to the successful mission on Rouen 252 00:17:22,875 --> 00:17:26,945 as proof that their daylight bombing can work. 253 00:17:27,012 --> 00:17:30,149 And for the next couple weeks, it does. 254 00:17:30,749 --> 00:17:33,318 Major Tibbets and his crews fly nine bombing missions 255 00:17:33,385 --> 00:17:36,855 without losing a single plane. 256 00:17:36,922 --> 00:17:40,125 But that's all about to change. 257 00:17:44,329 --> 00:17:47,699 On September 6th, Major Tibbets leads 30 planes 258 00:17:47,766 --> 00:17:50,803 on another mission to Northern France. 259 00:17:50,869 --> 00:17:54,907 But this time, the Luftwaffe is not watching them from afar. 260 00:17:55,541 --> 00:17:57,342 TIBBETS: We're on our way home when it happens. 261 00:17:57,409 --> 00:17:59,378 PILOT (over radio): What in the hell is that? 262 00:17:59,445 --> 00:18:03,348 NARRATOR: German fighters bulldoze past the Eight's spitfire protection, 263 00:18:03,415 --> 00:18:06,552 spraying bullets into the bomber formations. 264 00:18:13,792 --> 00:18:16,562 Tibbets and the other Fortresses perform evasive 265 00:18:16,628 --> 00:18:19,898 maneuvers to escape the enemy. 266 00:18:19,965 --> 00:18:23,836 (gunfire, explosions). 267 00:18:23,902 --> 00:18:26,638 Explosions fill the sky. 268 00:18:26,738 --> 00:18:30,075 TIBBETS: An explosion to my left. 269 00:18:30,909 --> 00:18:33,946 It's Lieutenant Lipsky's plane. 270 00:18:34,012 --> 00:18:37,716 We watch as he spins out of formation and makes that last 271 00:18:37,783 --> 00:18:42,254 grim smoking dive to Earth. 272 00:18:43,789 --> 00:18:47,025 We just lost our first plane. 273 00:18:49,228 --> 00:18:53,332 Up to this time, the war had seemed little more than a game. 274 00:18:53,398 --> 00:18:56,969 We considered ourselves supermen whose skill in the 275 00:18:57,035 --> 00:18:59,872 sky would always bring us back safely. 276 00:18:59,938 --> 00:19:04,676 Now at last, the war was a bloody reality for all of us. 277 00:19:07,012 --> 00:19:11,650 NARRATOR: Five weeks later, Tibbets is transferred out of the Eighth. 278 00:19:11,717 --> 00:19:16,021 But by the war's end, he will cross paths with them again. 279 00:19:16,088 --> 00:19:20,058 While leading a top secret mission that will change 280 00:19:20,125 --> 00:19:22,294 the course of history. 281 00:19:24,329 --> 00:19:26,965 STEWART (over film): The roar of 100,000 motors sing their song 282 00:19:27,032 --> 00:19:30,435 and theirs is a song of freedom. 283 00:19:30,502 --> 00:19:34,273 A few thousand of these babies will win this war for us and a 284 00:19:34,339 --> 00:19:37,242 few thousand guys like you in there flying. 285 00:19:37,309 --> 00:19:40,312 This is where you'll serve America best. 286 00:19:40,379 --> 00:19:43,916 Young men of America, your future's in the sky. 287 00:19:43,982 --> 00:19:46,318 Your wings are waiting. 288 00:19:46,385 --> 00:19:49,888 ♪ ♪ 289 00:20:04,636 --> 00:20:10,442 NARRATOR: Throughout 1942, the US war economy goes into overdrive. 290 00:20:11,510 --> 00:20:14,213 And more bomber units are deployed to Europe to join 291 00:20:14,279 --> 00:20:17,883 General Ira Eaker's Eighth Air Force. 292 00:20:18,617 --> 00:20:22,387 Just eight months removed from 0 planes and 6 men, 293 00:20:22,454 --> 00:20:27,693 the Eighth now has over 300 planes and 13,000 men. 294 00:20:29,261 --> 00:20:30,696 LABLOTIER: I came over to England on a convoy of 295 00:20:30,762 --> 00:20:34,199 100 ships and got put right to work. 296 00:20:34,266 --> 00:20:37,736 We're talkin' 15-18 hour days. 297 00:20:39,037 --> 00:20:41,139 They put me on the Armaments crew. 298 00:20:41,206 --> 00:20:44,843 Apparently, I'm gonna be doing everything around here. 299 00:20:45,344 --> 00:20:48,480 We're lifting 200-pound bombs clean over our heads. 300 00:20:50,315 --> 00:20:51,984 NARRATOR: Part-time gun range operator, 301 00:20:52,050 --> 00:20:54,386 weapons expert and plane mechanic, 302 00:20:54,453 --> 00:20:58,056 Sergeant Frank Lablotier is one of thousands of grounds crewmen 303 00:20:58,123 --> 00:21:00,692 essential to the operation of the Eighth. 304 00:21:00,759 --> 00:21:04,763 He even joins the occasional mission as a B-17 waist gunner. 305 00:21:05,330 --> 00:21:08,433 Before the war, Frank was MIT-bound, 306 00:21:08,500 --> 00:21:11,336 now the fast talking New Yorker and the other men 307 00:21:11,403 --> 00:21:15,173 of the Eighth adjust to their new lives on base. 308 00:21:28,587 --> 00:21:31,923 LABLOTIER: Let me tell you, we ain't got nothing but toast and tea. 309 00:21:31,990 --> 00:21:34,526 All the Brits have to eat is pigeon. 310 00:21:34,593 --> 00:21:37,229 And if we miss a shipment, we don't eat at all. 311 00:21:37,296 --> 00:21:40,032 There ain't too much fun to have here on base. 312 00:21:40,098 --> 00:21:43,101 I say let's get a three-day pass and hit London. 313 00:21:45,937 --> 00:21:47,873 PILOT: If it wasn't for London, we'd all have gone crazy. 314 00:21:47,939 --> 00:21:50,075 PILOT: London was the biggest city I've ever seen. 315 00:21:50,142 --> 00:21:51,610 PILOT: There was this little bar in Cambridge. 316 00:21:51,677 --> 00:21:53,011 PILOT: Sometimes we'd get so drunk, 317 00:21:53,078 --> 00:21:54,813 we get lost on our way back to base. 318 00:21:54,880 --> 00:21:56,181 PILOT: They took the street signs down in case of an 319 00:21:56,248 --> 00:21:59,251 invasion, so we just had to sleep on the street. 320 00:21:59,318 --> 00:22:00,952 PILOT: The ladies of Piccadilly Circus are gonna be 321 00:22:01,019 --> 00:22:04,389 the richest people in England by the end of this war. 322 00:22:05,390 --> 00:22:07,793 PILOT: American airmen were the best thing to ever happen 323 00:22:07,859 --> 00:22:10,262 to British women. 324 00:22:10,329 --> 00:22:13,465 NARRATOR: More men and planes arriving in England means more 325 00:22:13,532 --> 00:22:15,801 missions for the Eighth Air Force. 326 00:22:15,867 --> 00:22:18,737 And the more they fly, the more the problems with 327 00:22:18,804 --> 00:22:22,908 so-called precision bombing are exposed. 328 00:22:25,210 --> 00:22:29,514 By the fall of 1942, Eaker's inexperienced crews are 329 00:22:29,581 --> 00:22:33,685 struggling to hit their targets while fighting off the Germans. 330 00:22:33,752 --> 00:22:35,887 It's chaos. 331 00:22:35,954 --> 00:22:39,024 They're losing planes and men. 332 00:22:40,192 --> 00:22:43,662 Daylight bombing is not working. 333 00:22:44,029 --> 00:22:46,631 The British see the Eighth struggling and insist that 334 00:22:46,698 --> 00:22:50,469 they join them on their night area bombing missions. 335 00:22:50,535 --> 00:22:53,138 General Eaker continues to resist, 336 00:22:53,205 --> 00:22:57,409 he is certain that daylight bombing will work. 337 00:22:57,476 --> 00:23:00,312 But if the Eighth is going to survive, 338 00:23:00,379 --> 00:23:04,950 they'll need a change in tactics and they'll need it now. 339 00:23:10,555 --> 00:23:11,890 LEMAY: Some of the guys in charge here have the 340 00:23:11,957 --> 00:23:14,559 military efficiency of Camp Fire Girls. 341 00:23:14,626 --> 00:23:17,496 I wanna go berserk, beat my head against a wall. 342 00:23:17,562 --> 00:23:19,698 These people didn't know where half their bombs fell. 343 00:23:19,765 --> 00:23:22,934 And most of the bombs didn't hit the target anyway. 344 00:23:23,001 --> 00:23:27,472 If I'm being honest, the bombing of the Eighth is just stinko. 345 00:23:28,140 --> 00:23:32,411 NARRATOR: Colonel Curtis LeMay arrives in England in October of 1942. 346 00:23:33,044 --> 00:23:36,615 Always chomping on a pipe, he is a tough-as-nails aviator. 347 00:23:36,681 --> 00:23:41,153 Behind his back, his men call him "Iron Ass". 348 00:23:41,219 --> 00:23:46,358 LeMay reports to General Eaker and has 33 B-17s under his command. 349 00:23:48,660 --> 00:23:52,597 Without anyone asking, he makes it his mission to fix 350 00:23:52,664 --> 00:23:55,100 the Eighth's inaccurate bombing. 351 00:23:55,167 --> 00:23:56,802 LEMAY: I lay in bed thinking about it. 352 00:23:56,868 --> 00:23:59,805 Burning in my mind all the time was the thought, 353 00:23:59,871 --> 00:24:02,474 "What are we going to do about the bombing?" 354 00:24:02,541 --> 00:24:05,911 I study our formations, crews, procedures, everything. 355 00:24:05,977 --> 00:24:09,781 I watch as we take off, as we fly over targets, 356 00:24:09,848 --> 00:24:13,018 engage the enemy, and then land. 357 00:24:13,084 --> 00:24:15,687 I notice two problems immediately. 358 00:24:15,754 --> 00:24:18,290 First, we're engaging in evasive maneuvers far too 359 00:24:18,356 --> 00:24:20,592 close to our bombing targets. 360 00:24:20,659 --> 00:24:23,028 No wonder we're not hitting crap. 361 00:24:23,094 --> 00:24:25,464 From now on, once we're a couple minutes out, 362 00:24:25,530 --> 00:24:28,333 we fly on a direct line to the target no matter what 363 00:24:28,400 --> 00:24:29,968 they're hitting us with. 364 00:24:30,035 --> 00:24:32,704 Any plane that takes off will go over the target, 365 00:24:32,771 --> 00:24:35,707 or the crew will be court-martialed. 366 00:24:35,774 --> 00:24:39,444 Second, our formations are too sloppy and easily penetrated. 367 00:24:39,511 --> 00:24:41,913 From now on, we'll stack our bombers tight. 368 00:24:41,980 --> 00:24:43,915 That way, our gunners will be closer together, 369 00:24:43,982 --> 00:24:46,318 giving us more firepower. 370 00:24:46,384 --> 00:24:49,721 And tight formations will mean our bombs are more concentrated, 371 00:24:49,788 --> 00:24:53,525 giving us a better chance of accurate bombing. 372 00:24:56,261 --> 00:25:01,366 Yes, we're going to lose men. 373 00:25:01,433 --> 00:25:06,471 But I tell them, I will be in the lead plane on every mission. 374 00:25:06,538 --> 00:25:08,974 If this can end the war even a day earlier, 375 00:25:09,040 --> 00:25:11,743 it'll be worth it. 376 00:25:11,810 --> 00:25:13,745 LABLOTIER: When one of the gunners are too hung over, 377 00:25:13,812 --> 00:25:15,847 they ask me if I wanna go up. 378 00:25:15,914 --> 00:25:17,849 I asked, "Do I got a choice?" 379 00:25:17,949 --> 00:25:20,685 PILOT: Hey, don't forget the coffee. 380 00:25:22,521 --> 00:25:25,690 NARRATOR: For crewmen like waist gunner Frank Lablotier, 381 00:25:25,757 --> 00:25:28,426 LeMay's tactics are terrifying. 382 00:25:28,493 --> 00:25:31,162 LABLOTIER: My first mission, I froze on my gun, 383 00:25:31,229 --> 00:25:34,833 broke out into a sweat, my hands on the buttons, 384 00:25:34,900 --> 00:25:38,103 pressing with my thumbs, I just counted Mississippi one, 385 00:25:38,169 --> 00:25:40,138 Mississippi two, Mississippi three, 386 00:25:40,238 --> 00:25:43,141 until the fighter was gone. 387 00:25:43,208 --> 00:25:45,911 When you're on a bombing run, you can't deviate from it, 388 00:25:45,977 --> 00:25:47,846 they'll put the flak all around the target so 389 00:25:47,913 --> 00:25:50,715 you have to fly right into it. 390 00:25:52,150 --> 00:25:54,953 NARRATOR: LeMay's new tactics are a major turning point for 391 00:25:55,020 --> 00:25:57,122 the Eighth Air Force. 392 00:25:57,188 --> 00:26:00,926 Their bombs start hitting their targets more frequently. 393 00:26:01,293 --> 00:26:05,330 By the end of 1942, General Eaker makes LeMay's tactics 394 00:26:05,397 --> 00:26:08,600 the official bombing policy of the Eighth. 395 00:26:09,167 --> 00:26:15,073 And Eaker finally convinces Churchill that daylight bombing can work. 396 00:26:15,607 --> 00:26:18,476 Eaker begins to push the Eighth deeper into Nazi-held 397 00:26:18,543 --> 00:26:22,547 territory on increasingly risky missions. 398 00:26:23,181 --> 00:26:25,383 The bigger the Eighth's missions become, 399 00:26:25,450 --> 00:26:27,886 the more fighter protection they'll need. 400 00:26:27,953 --> 00:26:32,090 And starting in March of 1943, they'll no longer fully need 401 00:26:32,157 --> 00:26:35,193 the RAF for help. 402 00:26:41,366 --> 00:26:44,135 After relying on the British for fighter support, 403 00:26:44,202 --> 00:26:47,739 the Eighth finally has their own fighter plane to replace 404 00:26:47,806 --> 00:26:51,376 the RAF Spitfire, 405 00:26:52,544 --> 00:26:55,914 the P-47 Thunderbolt. 406 00:26:57,415 --> 00:27:00,952 Nicknamed the "Jug," for its milk jug-like shape, 407 00:27:01,019 --> 00:27:06,758 the Eighth's new fighter plane has a top airspeed of 400 miles per hour, 408 00:27:06,825 --> 00:27:09,227 eight .50 caliber machine guns and 409 00:27:09,294 --> 00:27:12,530 can out-dive any other plane in the sky. 410 00:27:12,597 --> 00:27:16,001 Thunderbolts begin to escort the Eighth's bombers on missions, 411 00:27:16,067 --> 00:27:19,004 protecting them from German fighters. 412 00:27:19,070 --> 00:27:22,040 But The Eighth's bombers are still being picked off by the 413 00:27:22,107 --> 00:27:27,045 Luftwaffe because the P-47 has a major problem. 414 00:27:27,812 --> 00:27:29,080 Range. 415 00:27:29,180 --> 00:27:33,818 The P-47 can't escort the bombers beyond the border of Germany. 416 00:27:33,885 --> 00:27:36,721 The moment the bombers cross into the Nazi homeland, 417 00:27:36,788 --> 00:27:40,725 the fighters have to turn back and refuel. 418 00:27:43,294 --> 00:27:46,464 The Eighth's bomber boys are not happy. 419 00:27:48,366 --> 00:27:50,468 LABLOTIER: Planes are being shot out of the sky and 420 00:27:50,535 --> 00:27:53,638 some are landing half destroyed. 421 00:27:53,705 --> 00:27:56,374 I saw a Fortress come back with over 500 holes in it 422 00:27:56,474 --> 00:27:58,376 the other day. 423 00:27:58,443 --> 00:28:01,146 We got a hangar at the end of the runway with a brand new 424 00:28:01,212 --> 00:28:03,782 Fortress that we've been scrappin' for spare parts. 425 00:28:04,049 --> 00:28:05,884 NARRATOR: By the start of August, 426 00:28:05,950 --> 00:28:11,523 the Eighth has lost almost 400 planes 427 00:28:12,157 --> 00:28:15,960 and over 3,000 men. 428 00:28:17,662 --> 00:28:20,665 And despite the issues with the P-47, 429 00:28:20,732 --> 00:28:24,135 commanders have no intention of slowing down. 430 00:28:28,673 --> 00:28:32,177 NARRATOR: In August of 1943, the Eighth Air Force's growing 431 00:28:32,243 --> 00:28:35,847 fleet of bombers and fighters prepare for their biggest and 432 00:28:35,914 --> 00:28:39,751 most dangerous mission yet, 433 00:28:39,818 --> 00:28:43,488 deep inside Luftwaffe controlled territory. 434 00:28:48,660 --> 00:28:52,530 US Commanders identify two high-value targets in the 435 00:28:52,630 --> 00:28:56,501 German cities of Schweinfurt and Regensburg. 436 00:28:56,568 --> 00:28:59,003 The factories there are essential to the entire 437 00:28:59,104 --> 00:29:01,372 German war industry. 438 00:29:01,439 --> 00:29:06,044 Schweinfurt accounts for 40% of all of Germany's ball bearings, 439 00:29:06,111 --> 00:29:09,047 tiny steel balls essential to virtually every 440 00:29:09,114 --> 00:29:11,883 single machine in the Reich. 441 00:29:11,950 --> 00:29:14,052 And the plant in Regensburg is where they make 442 00:29:14,119 --> 00:29:18,490 Messerschmitts, some of Germany's most-feared planes. 443 00:29:18,556 --> 00:29:22,227 The US believes that destroying both plants will be 444 00:29:22,293 --> 00:29:25,263 catastrophic for the Nazis. 445 00:29:25,463 --> 00:29:29,100 The plan is to hit both targets at the same time 446 00:29:29,167 --> 00:29:32,270 with 376 bombers. 447 00:29:32,904 --> 00:29:35,640 The Regensburg group will take off first with the 448 00:29:35,707 --> 00:29:39,511 Schweinfurt group following close behind. 449 00:29:39,944 --> 00:29:43,581 Once the P-47s reach their range and turn back, 450 00:29:43,648 --> 00:29:45,917 the Regensburg group will take the brunt of the 451 00:29:45,984 --> 00:29:49,821 Luftwaffe attack letting the Schweinfurt group 452 00:29:49,888 --> 00:29:53,792 travel freely to their target. 453 00:29:53,858 --> 00:29:56,661 After both groups bomb their targets, 454 00:29:56,728 --> 00:29:59,831 the Regensburg group will avoid the Luftwaffe's fighters 455 00:29:59,898 --> 00:30:04,636 by traveling south to an allied air base in North Africa. 456 00:30:04,702 --> 00:30:07,739 Then, it will be the Schweinfurt group's turn 457 00:30:07,806 --> 00:30:12,310 to fight as they make their long journey back to England. 458 00:30:15,413 --> 00:30:19,050 But General Eaker is worried that this deep penetration mission 459 00:30:19,117 --> 00:30:21,886 requires a much larger bomber force than 460 00:30:21,953 --> 00:30:24,889 the Eighth can currently put in the air. 461 00:30:24,956 --> 00:30:27,592 EAKER: We're being pushed into this before we're ready. 462 00:30:27,659 --> 00:30:31,596 I protested bitterly with Washington. 463 00:30:31,729 --> 00:30:34,666 Colonel LeMay will lead the Regensburg group of the operation. 464 00:30:34,732 --> 00:30:37,001 MAN: Everyone, synchronize your watches. 465 00:30:37,068 --> 00:30:39,070 NARRATOR: Right from the start, 466 00:30:39,137 --> 00:30:41,973 the mission runs into serious trouble. 467 00:30:43,808 --> 00:30:46,945 LEMAY: Damn this English weather. 468 00:30:47,011 --> 00:30:49,113 My bombers managed to get up through the fog, 469 00:30:49,180 --> 00:30:52,784 but the Schweinfurt group is stuck on the ground. 470 00:30:53,351 --> 00:30:55,553 If I had known it was going to go like this, 471 00:30:55,620 --> 00:30:57,956 I would have stayed in bed. 472 00:30:58,089 --> 00:31:01,092 CONTROLLER: Gentlemen, you are clear for takeoff and good luck. 473 00:31:09,100 --> 00:31:12,203 LEMAY: Over three hours later, they're finally up in the air 474 00:31:12,270 --> 00:31:15,707 but we're well on our way to Regensburg. 475 00:31:15,773 --> 00:31:19,410 NARRATOR: Colonel LeMay acts as a navigator in the lead plane. 476 00:31:19,477 --> 00:31:23,481 No one will be veering off-course on this mission. 477 00:31:23,548 --> 00:31:26,217 As the bombers reach the German border, 478 00:31:26,284 --> 00:31:31,189 the P-47s turn for home. 479 00:31:45,103 --> 00:31:46,905 PILOT (over radio): Fighters, 10:00. 480 00:31:46,971 --> 00:31:49,641 6:00 level toward 5:00, watch it. 481 00:31:51,042 --> 00:31:52,710 PILOT (over radio): I got my sights on it. 482 00:31:52,777 --> 00:31:54,612 PILOT (over radio): I see him. 483 00:31:54,679 --> 00:31:56,247 PILOT (over radio): There's two more. 484 00:31:56,314 --> 00:31:58,917 PILOT (over radio): My God. They're everywhere. 485 00:31:58,983 --> 00:32:00,418 PILOT (over radio): There's four of 'em, 1:00 high. 486 00:32:00,485 --> 00:32:01,786 PILOT (over radio): Watch that fighter coming in 3:00. 487 00:32:01,853 --> 00:32:03,021 PILOT (over radio): 9:00 level. 488 00:32:03,087 --> 00:32:04,923 NARRATOR: As planned, LeMay and his group face 489 00:32:04,989 --> 00:32:08,426 over 150 Luftwaffe pilots. 490 00:32:08,493 --> 00:32:10,995 Unfortunately, the delayed Schweinfurt group won't 491 00:32:11,062 --> 00:32:12,964 benefit from the diversion. 492 00:32:13,031 --> 00:32:14,165 PILOT (over radio): It's down on number four, 493 00:32:14,232 --> 00:32:16,067 cover him as well as you can, everybody. 494 00:32:16,134 --> 00:32:18,202 11:00 below, 5:00 high. 495 00:32:18,269 --> 00:32:20,338 I got him. 496 00:32:20,405 --> 00:32:23,508 B-17 in trouble on our 2:00. 497 00:32:27,979 --> 00:32:33,084 (gunfire, explosions). 498 00:32:38,122 --> 00:32:40,024 LEMAY: It's only blind luck that we aren't hit 499 00:32:40,091 --> 00:32:43,227 on our final approach. 500 00:32:57,508 --> 00:33:00,645 The crazy part, 501 00:33:02,547 --> 00:33:06,084 we dropped most of our bombs right on target. 502 00:33:06,150 --> 00:33:12,690 (explosions). 503 00:33:19,430 --> 00:33:22,400 The formation held as well as could be expected. 504 00:33:22,467 --> 00:33:25,436 Now, I have to get us out of here. 505 00:33:27,805 --> 00:33:31,409 NARRATOR: The Regensburg factory has been hit hard. 506 00:33:31,476 --> 00:33:34,312 And the group sets a course southward over the Alps, 507 00:33:34,379 --> 00:33:37,915 heading for allied airfields in North Africa. 508 00:33:49,460 --> 00:33:52,330 It takes LeMay a few days to learn the fate of the 509 00:33:52,397 --> 00:33:55,600 Schweinfurt arm of the mission. 510 00:33:56,234 --> 00:34:00,104 Because that group had been delayed so long by bad weather, 511 00:34:00,171 --> 00:34:03,274 the Luftwaffe had time to refuel. 512 00:34:03,341 --> 00:34:06,511 So instead of having a clear shot at their target, 513 00:34:06,577 --> 00:34:11,816 they had to fight their way both into and out of Schweinfurt. 514 00:34:12,383 --> 00:34:15,286 Over both Schweinfurt and Regensburg, 515 00:34:15,353 --> 00:34:18,222 60 bombers are lost. 516 00:34:18,289 --> 00:34:20,792 And another 200 are damaged. 517 00:34:20,858 --> 00:34:26,230 552 men killed or lost in one day. 518 00:34:27,632 --> 00:34:31,869 In 1943, being on a B-17 bomber crew for the Eighth 519 00:34:31,936 --> 00:34:35,706 is as close as you can get to a death sentence. 520 00:34:41,112 --> 00:34:45,650 Then, just weeks after the costly double-mission, 521 00:34:45,716 --> 00:34:47,819 General Eaker gets grim news. 522 00:34:48,186 --> 00:34:52,356 The bombings did major damage to the ball bearing factory in Schweinfurt. 523 00:34:52,423 --> 00:34:54,692 But not enough. 524 00:34:54,759 --> 00:34:58,262 The Germans started rebuilding immediately. 525 00:34:58,329 --> 00:35:03,534 General Eaker must tell his men they're headed back to Schweinfurt. 526 00:35:05,636 --> 00:35:08,239 After establishing his new tactics and leading the 527 00:35:08,306 --> 00:35:12,076 Regensburg mission, LeMay is promoted to General and 528 00:35:12,143 --> 00:35:15,746 eventually given his own command in the Pacific. 529 00:35:15,813 --> 00:35:19,450 He'll make a gigantic impact on World War II 530 00:35:19,517 --> 00:35:25,389 and in the process, become infamous for the rest of his life. 531 00:35:29,760 --> 00:35:33,865 NARRATOR: On October 14th, 1943, General Ira Eaker 532 00:35:33,931 --> 00:35:38,369 is forced to deliver dark news to his men. 533 00:35:38,436 --> 00:35:41,739 Just eight weeks after their first savage mission there, 534 00:35:41,806 --> 00:35:45,243 the Eighth must return to Schweinfurt. 535 00:35:45,543 --> 00:35:48,012 Even though the Schweinfurt bombers hit their targets 536 00:35:48,112 --> 00:35:51,649 causing extensive damage to the ball bearing factory, 537 00:35:51,716 --> 00:35:55,887 the Germans had it back up and running within a few weeks. 538 00:36:01,659 --> 00:36:03,794 PILOT: Anytime you were getting fed a good breakfast, 539 00:36:03,861 --> 00:36:06,564 you knew you were going on a dangerous mission. 540 00:36:06,631 --> 00:36:09,333 PILOT: I was on the first Schweinfurt mission. 541 00:36:09,400 --> 00:36:11,936 PILOT: Schweinfurt, that was a killer town. 542 00:36:12,003 --> 00:36:14,939 PILOT: We'd all heard the stories of the first raid. 543 00:36:15,006 --> 00:36:18,509 PILOT: It was a massacre. A slaughter, really. 544 00:36:19,410 --> 00:36:23,181 PILOT: We all knew what it meant to fly that far into Germany. 545 00:36:23,514 --> 00:36:27,118 PILOT: I knew I had to go back to my bunk and write home one last time. 546 00:36:28,753 --> 00:36:31,355 PILOT: I was scared. 547 00:36:31,422 --> 00:36:34,258 We were all scared of Schweinfurt. 548 00:36:34,358 --> 00:36:37,595 LEADER: Let us all synchronize our watches. 549 00:36:40,298 --> 00:36:42,667 EAKER: I was asked, "What does it do to your guts when you 550 00:36:42,733 --> 00:36:45,770 know you have to send men out, and by the thousands 551 00:36:45,836 --> 00:36:48,573 they are gonna get killed?" 552 00:36:48,639 --> 00:36:51,509 After an important mission like Schweinfurt you wonder if 553 00:36:51,576 --> 00:36:54,312 you might have taken other courses of action that would 554 00:36:54,378 --> 00:36:57,615 have prevented heavy losses of lives. 555 00:36:58,282 --> 00:37:00,718 If I worry too much about the past. 556 00:37:00,785 --> 00:37:03,688 CONTROLLER (over radio): Clear for takeoff. 557 00:37:03,754 --> 00:37:07,191 EAKER: It will decrease my ability to deal with the future. 558 00:37:07,291 --> 00:37:09,293 CONTROLLER (over radio): Good luck, boys. 559 00:37:14,365 --> 00:37:19,604 NARRATOR: 3,000 men take to the air to try and destroy Schweinfurt, 560 00:37:20,238 --> 00:37:21,572 where they will engage... 561 00:37:22,640 --> 00:37:27,378 in one of the most savage air battles of the entire war. 562 00:37:27,445 --> 00:37:29,780 PILOT (over radio): Got three ships down, one just crashed and burned. 563 00:37:31,949 --> 00:37:36,153 PILOT: There were bogeys at 12:00, then 2:00, 4:00, and 6:00. 564 00:37:36,220 --> 00:37:37,922 PILOT: My navigator was shot. 565 00:37:37,989 --> 00:37:41,025 I couldn't get the damn bomber to stop shaking. 566 00:37:42,126 --> 00:37:45,630 Flak was firing everywhere. 567 00:37:47,865 --> 00:37:52,203 PILOT: I saw B-17 tear in half right in front of me. 568 00:38:29,740 --> 00:38:33,044 PILOT: I heard counts as high as 800. 569 00:38:33,110 --> 00:38:37,281 PILOT: I didn't care about the consequences. 570 00:38:37,348 --> 00:38:40,885 There was no way I was going back up again. 571 00:38:41,652 --> 00:38:45,189 NARRATOR: The aerial battle raged for over three hours, 572 00:38:45,256 --> 00:38:48,225 across hundreds of miles of sky. 573 00:38:48,292 --> 00:38:50,895 The Eighth managed to lay bombs on the factory but 574 00:38:50,961 --> 00:38:54,332 at a heavy cost. 575 00:38:54,398 --> 00:38:57,034 60 bombers were lost outright. 576 00:39:01,872 --> 00:39:06,777 Over 650 of the nearly 3,000 crewmen are now listed as 577 00:39:06,844 --> 00:39:10,815 injured, killed, or missing in action. 578 00:39:10,881 --> 00:39:14,885 18% of the Eighth's entire force. 579 00:39:16,954 --> 00:39:19,990 The details of the battle become international news 580 00:39:20,057 --> 00:39:22,927 and earn the Schweinfurt mission the nickname, 581 00:39:22,993 --> 00:39:25,796 "Black Thursday". 582 00:39:26,964 --> 00:39:30,334 PILOT: At that point, we all expected we'd be shot down eventually. 583 00:39:30,768 --> 00:39:34,205 PILOT: Something was seriously wrong and we needed support. 584 00:39:34,905 --> 00:39:36,907 NARRATOR: Under increasing pressure from his commanders 585 00:39:36,974 --> 00:39:39,844 to show evidence of the Luftwaffe's collapse, 586 00:39:39,910 --> 00:39:44,749 General Eaker presents the mission on Schweinfurt as a success. 587 00:39:45,850 --> 00:39:48,219 EAKER: This does not represent disaster, 588 00:39:48,285 --> 00:39:54,058 but it does indicate that the air battle is reaching its climax. 589 00:39:55,693 --> 00:39:59,730 This is the final struggle of a monster in his death throes. 590 00:39:59,797 --> 00:40:03,334 We have our teeth in the Hun Air Force's neck. 591 00:40:06,370 --> 00:40:09,039 NARRATOR: In private, when he hears his commanders refer to 592 00:40:09,106 --> 00:40:14,612 25% losses on a mission as "acceptable", he's conflicted. 593 00:40:15,613 --> 00:40:18,182 EAKER: I've got to accept losses. 594 00:40:18,249 --> 00:40:19,884 I have to take that. 595 00:40:19,950 --> 00:40:21,786 But there is a mental fear, 596 00:40:21,852 --> 00:40:24,355 a fear that I am costing men their lives. 597 00:40:24,422 --> 00:40:26,690 It's a war of attrition out there. 598 00:40:26,757 --> 00:40:30,494 But we can keep it going, maybe better than they can. 599 00:40:30,561 --> 00:40:36,667 I need more planes, more men, more everything. 600 00:40:37,134 --> 00:40:41,005 We'll keep losing men, but so will they. 601 00:40:41,071 --> 00:40:44,542 So we will continue with unrelenting fury. 602 00:40:45,743 --> 00:40:48,579 This we shall do. 603 00:40:49,346 --> 00:40:52,249 NARRATOR: A few days after Schweinfurt, General Eaker 604 00:40:52,316 --> 00:40:56,020 contradicts his death throes claim by stating, 605 00:40:56,086 --> 00:40:59,190 "There are no definite indications yet that the 606 00:40:59,256 --> 00:41:02,927 German Air Force is on the verge of collapse." 607 00:41:09,166 --> 00:41:14,972 In fact, the Nazi war machine is still operating effectively 608 00:41:16,073 --> 00:41:20,578 and it's not just waging war against the Allies. 609 00:41:28,452 --> 00:41:32,690 It's also serving a far more sinister purpose. 610 00:41:36,494 --> 00:41:39,797 Mass murder. 611 00:41:45,736 --> 00:41:48,072 In the months after Black Thursday, 612 00:41:48,138 --> 00:41:50,975 Eaker's bosses order him to send the Eighth's planes up 613 00:41:51,041 --> 00:41:55,779 into the air in greater numbers than ever before. 614 00:41:55,846 --> 00:42:00,484 The last three months of 1943 are the bloodiest to date in 615 00:42:00,551 --> 00:42:06,123 the skies over Europe, over 2,700 men killed in action. 616 00:42:07,157 --> 00:42:10,694 But command wants even more bombers in the air. 617 00:42:10,761 --> 00:42:13,297 They fear that General Eaker isn't utilizing the full 618 00:42:13,364 --> 00:42:16,200 strength of the Eighth Air Force. 619 00:42:16,267 --> 00:42:20,237 To some, he is no longer the right man to defeat the Luftwaffe. 620 00:42:21,939 --> 00:42:24,875 Eaker's men are hurting. 621 00:42:24,942 --> 00:42:29,213 When asked what needs to change, they don't hold back. 622 00:42:29,780 --> 00:42:31,081 PILOT: We all knew what's wrong. 623 00:42:31,148 --> 00:42:34,919 And then at a briefing, a pilot finally screams it out. 624 00:42:34,985 --> 00:42:38,656 PILOT: For goodness' sake, we need better damn fighters! 625 00:42:39,323 --> 00:42:42,359 NARRATOR: It's the worst-kept secret in the air, 626 00:42:42,426 --> 00:42:47,731 the P-47s with their limited range just aren't cutting it. 627 00:42:47,798 --> 00:42:53,337 The Eighth needs a better fighter plane and they need it now. 628 00:42:58,676 --> 00:43:01,312 NARRATOR: If the Eighth is going to protect their bombers 629 00:43:01,412 --> 00:43:06,784 deep over Germany, they'll need new fighter planes 630 00:43:06,884 --> 00:43:11,889 with a longer range and talented pilots to fly them. 631 00:43:17,795 --> 00:43:20,764 PREDDY: I'll never forget the first time I saw a plane. 632 00:43:20,831 --> 00:43:23,601 I was hooked. 633 00:43:27,204 --> 00:43:31,609 My first flight was the most wonderful experience I've ever had. 634 00:43:31,675 --> 00:43:36,080 I knew right then, I had to become an aviator. 635 00:43:36,513 --> 00:43:39,416 NARRATOR: Captain George Preddy's war began flying fighter planes 636 00:43:39,483 --> 00:43:42,720 in the Pacific theater against the Japanese. 637 00:43:42,786 --> 00:43:45,155 But after recovering from a mid-air collision, 638 00:43:45,222 --> 00:43:48,359 he's come to England to fight for the Eighth. 639 00:43:48,425 --> 00:43:53,797 And he's exactly the kind of gifted dogfighter the Eighth needs. 640 00:43:56,066 --> 00:43:59,169 PREDDY: Not long ago I got my third Jerry. 641 00:43:59,236 --> 00:44:02,039 Three kills in my Thunderbolt. 642 00:44:02,106 --> 00:44:07,711 But I got hit by a flak coming home and had to bail out 643 00:44:07,778 --> 00:44:11,015 before I could get across the channel. 644 00:44:16,620 --> 00:44:20,157 It was a cold time of the year to go swimming, 645 00:44:21,558 --> 00:44:24,294 but the air sea rescue picked me up in an hour. 646 00:44:28,866 --> 00:44:32,336 I get back to base, they gave me a slap on the back, 647 00:44:32,403 --> 00:44:36,674 a bottle of brandy, and a brand new Mustang. 648 00:44:41,979 --> 00:44:45,683 NARRATOR: They started arriving in November of 1943. 649 00:44:45,749 --> 00:44:48,686 Equipped with British Rolls Royce Merlin engines, 650 00:44:48,752 --> 00:44:51,755 perfect for speed and maneuverability, 651 00:44:51,822 --> 00:44:55,592 armed with six machine guns, faster and deadlier than 652 00:44:55,659 --> 00:44:58,495 any plane in the sky. 653 00:44:58,562 --> 00:45:01,165 They're a dogfighter's dream. 654 00:45:01,231 --> 00:45:04,268 They've been given the designation "P-51". 655 00:45:04,334 --> 00:45:07,738 But everyone just calls them "Mustangs." 656 00:45:07,805 --> 00:45:09,807 And their most important feature? 657 00:45:09,873 --> 00:45:11,475 Range. 658 00:45:12,176 --> 00:45:15,913 The Mustangs are the answer to the Eighth's fighter problems. 659 00:45:15,979 --> 00:45:19,750 They can escort bombers 2,000 miles deep into 660 00:45:19,817 --> 00:45:23,220 Germany and back again. 661 00:45:26,557 --> 00:45:29,927 PREDDY: I sure like this Mustang. 662 00:45:29,993 --> 00:45:34,264 There's nothing tricky or mysterious about flying fighters, 663 00:45:34,331 --> 00:45:38,702 you must know your airplane and how to operate it. 664 00:45:38,769 --> 00:45:42,473 Our missions run very long, sometimes five and six hours 665 00:45:42,539 --> 00:45:45,676 and the old fanny gets pretty sore. 666 00:45:46,310 --> 00:45:47,978 NARRATOR: The U.S. is convinced that their 667 00:45:48,045 --> 00:45:50,380 Mustangs will give the Eighth an edge on 668 00:45:50,447 --> 00:45:54,218 their German counterparts and lead them to victory. 669 00:45:55,853 --> 00:46:00,257 But General Eaker won't be there to see how it plays out. 670 00:46:02,192 --> 00:46:07,131 On New Year's Day 1944, the man who turned the Eighth from a ragtag 671 00:46:07,197 --> 00:46:12,436 group of airmen to a viable air force is transferred. 672 00:46:21,712 --> 00:46:24,715 Officially, he's 'promoted' to Commander of the 673 00:46:24,782 --> 00:46:29,052 Mediterranean Allied Air Force. 674 00:46:34,558 --> 00:46:38,195 Unofficially, he's devastated. 675 00:46:38,962 --> 00:46:40,597 EAKER: I feel like a pitcher who has been sent to the 676 00:46:40,664 --> 00:46:44,168 showers during a World Series game. 677 00:46:44,234 --> 00:46:47,271 Having started with the Eighth and seen it organized, 678 00:46:47,337 --> 00:46:51,975 it's heartbreaking to leave it before the invasion of Europe. 679 00:46:58,215 --> 00:47:01,451 NARRATOR: U.S. leaders want a fierce new commander who will be 680 00:47:01,518 --> 00:47:04,087 more aggressive in using the Eighth's growing fleet of 681 00:47:04,154 --> 00:47:07,391 fighters and bombers to accelerate the Air War and 682 00:47:07,457 --> 00:47:10,727 they know exactly the guy for the job. 683 00:47:11,295 --> 00:47:14,331 General Jimmy Doolittle is already a household name, 684 00:47:14,398 --> 00:47:16,834 known as the pilot who led the first air raid 685 00:47:16,900 --> 00:47:19,536 on Japan after Pearl Harbor. 686 00:47:19,603 --> 00:47:22,306 MAN (over radio): All the volunteers for this secret and hazardous job 687 00:47:22,372 --> 00:47:25,676 had been specially trained by Colonel Jimmy Doolittle. 688 00:47:25,742 --> 00:47:27,477 NARRATOR: An international celebrity, 689 00:47:27,544 --> 00:47:30,547 he's already commanded the 12th Air Force in North Africa 690 00:47:30,614 --> 00:47:33,817 and the 15th Air Force in the Mediterranean. 691 00:47:34,585 --> 00:47:37,621 Before the war, he competed for aviation records and was 692 00:47:37,688 --> 00:47:40,624 known as the King of Speed. 693 00:47:40,691 --> 00:47:43,360 But as the men of the Eighth soon discover, 694 00:47:43,460 --> 00:47:47,030 General Doolittle is relentless. 695 00:47:47,097 --> 00:47:50,067 Until now, bomber crews have been allowed to return home 696 00:47:50,133 --> 00:47:53,637 if they survived 25 missions. 697 00:47:53,704 --> 00:47:56,707 General Doolittle immediately changes that. 698 00:47:57,608 --> 00:47:59,643 DOOLITTLE: I'm raising the number of bomber missions 699 00:47:59,710 --> 00:48:02,913 required by our crews from 25 to 30 missions, 700 00:48:02,980 --> 00:48:05,682 to achieve greater efficiency from experienced crews. 701 00:48:05,749 --> 00:48:09,286 I need our best men here, not back home. 702 00:48:10,754 --> 00:48:14,925 NARRATOR: Doolittle also changes the very core of the Eighth's mission. 703 00:48:15,893 --> 00:48:17,227 DOOLITTLE: When I get to the HQ of the Eighth, 704 00:48:17,294 --> 00:48:19,963 I see a sign hanging up, it says 'The first duty of the 705 00:48:20,030 --> 00:48:23,166 Eighth's fighters is to bring the bombers back alive.' 706 00:48:23,967 --> 00:48:26,770 I tell them to take that damn thing down, 707 00:48:26,837 --> 00:48:30,574 and to put one up saying, 'The first duty of the 708 00:48:30,641 --> 00:48:35,112 Eighth's fighters is to destroy German fighters.' 709 00:48:36,847 --> 00:48:39,549 From now on, I'm giving our fighters free rein. 710 00:48:39,616 --> 00:48:43,620 They have the full order: seek and destroy any Luftwaffe 711 00:48:43,687 --> 00:48:48,625 fighters they encounter or any German aircraft on the ground. 712 00:48:50,961 --> 00:48:55,265 I don't want the Germans to feel safe in the air ever again. 713 00:48:59,636 --> 00:49:02,339 NARRATOR: As his fighters begin to go on the offensive, 714 00:49:02,406 --> 00:49:05,909 Doolittle is given his most important orders yet: 715 00:49:05,976 --> 00:49:10,647 final planning is underway for the long-awaited invasion of Europe, 716 00:49:11,515 --> 00:49:15,085 the Eighth must clear the skies of the Luftwaffe but 717 00:49:15,152 --> 00:49:18,522 they only have five months to do it. 718 00:49:26,763 --> 00:49:31,468 NARRATOR: The countdown to the invasion of Europe has begun. 719 00:49:33,170 --> 00:49:37,240 General Jimmy Doolittle orders his men to do the impossible, 720 00:49:37,307 --> 00:49:42,879 rid Europe of the Luftwaffe completely. 721 00:49:48,285 --> 00:49:52,122 On February 20th, 1944, the Allies launch a massive 722 00:49:52,189 --> 00:49:56,426 six-day campaign known as Big Week. 723 00:49:56,493 --> 00:49:59,896 Each day, 800 of the Eighth's bombers fly into Germany 724 00:49:59,963 --> 00:50:03,100 escorted by nearly 800 fighters. 725 00:50:03,767 --> 00:50:05,936 DOOLITTLE: One of my personal frustrations is that 726 00:50:06,003 --> 00:50:09,206 I'm forbidden to fly any missions over the continent. 727 00:50:09,272 --> 00:50:12,743 I know too much about the invasion. 728 00:50:13,243 --> 00:50:16,613 NARRATOR: Over a period of a week, the Eighth's planes 729 00:50:16,680 --> 00:50:21,918 drop over 10,000 tons of bombs on target. 730 00:50:25,422 --> 00:50:28,558 The bombers hit aviation plants and draw out the 731 00:50:28,625 --> 00:50:34,498 Luftwaffe for the fighters to swoop in for the kill. 732 00:50:34,598 --> 00:50:38,068 (gunfire). 733 00:50:40,604 --> 00:50:44,408 The all-out assault costs the Eighth 734 00:50:44,474 --> 00:50:48,245 hundreds of bomber planes 735 00:50:52,516 --> 00:50:54,451 (explosion). 736 00:50:54,518 --> 00:50:57,354 and thousands of men, 737 00:50:59,423 --> 00:51:02,392 but through sheer force of numbers, 738 00:51:02,459 --> 00:51:07,764 they begin to accomplish the impossible. 739 00:51:08,799 --> 00:51:10,967 DOOLITTLE: The Luftwaffe don't seem to be rising against us 740 00:51:11,068 --> 00:51:13,537 in the same numbers they were before. 741 00:51:13,603 --> 00:51:16,406 What is hurting the Germans the most is the deterioration 742 00:51:16,473 --> 00:51:19,676 in the experience level of their pilots. 743 00:51:20,477 --> 00:51:23,346 NARRATOR: In the four months since General Doolittle took over, 744 00:51:23,413 --> 00:51:28,185 the Germans have lost 1,000 fighters total with 434 destroyed 745 00:51:28,251 --> 00:51:31,254 during Big Week alone. 746 00:51:31,321 --> 00:51:35,926 The most seasoned Luftwaffe pilots are forced to "fly until they die." 747 00:51:35,992 --> 00:51:38,028 (gunfire, explosion). 748 00:51:38,095 --> 00:51:42,365 And their replacements are easy pickings. 749 00:51:45,068 --> 00:51:48,872 The Eighth might just achieve its goal. 750 00:51:48,939 --> 00:51:55,345 (whacking). 751 00:52:00,117 --> 00:52:02,419 DOOLITTLE: We have to keep up a maximum effort because 752 00:52:02,486 --> 00:52:04,821 the tempo of our attacks has increased, 753 00:52:04,888 --> 00:52:08,859 the Luftwaffe is well aware that an invasion is imminent. 754 00:52:17,601 --> 00:52:20,871 I woke up before dawn today and got up in the air 755 00:52:20,937 --> 00:52:23,273 as soon as possible. 756 00:52:23,340 --> 00:52:26,443 I fly above the beaches of Northern France. 757 00:52:26,510 --> 00:52:29,412 High above the clouds. 758 00:52:29,479 --> 00:52:32,182 I can't help but feel an overwhelming sense of pride 759 00:52:32,249 --> 00:52:37,254 for my boys; the skies are clear of German planes. 760 00:52:38,622 --> 00:52:40,924 We made this happen; 761 00:52:40,991 --> 00:52:44,728 complete air supremacy over the beaches. 762 00:52:45,462 --> 00:52:48,932 NARRATOR: After five months pounding the Luftwaffe into oblivion, 763 00:52:48,999 --> 00:52:52,035 the Eighth has paved the way for the Allies. 764 00:52:52,102 --> 00:52:55,338 In the battle to clear the skies for the invasion, 765 00:52:55,405 --> 00:52:59,409 they have suffered 10,000 combat deaths. 766 00:52:59,476 --> 00:53:04,414 But now, the invasion of Europe is here. 767 00:53:05,615 --> 00:53:10,287 Eighth Air Force planes take to the sky and drop pamphlets 768 00:53:10,387 --> 00:53:12,756 to let French civilians know the Allies are 769 00:53:12,822 --> 00:53:16,493 coming to liberate them. 770 00:53:17,928 --> 00:53:20,597 The moment he lands, General Doolittle reports back to 771 00:53:20,664 --> 00:53:23,633 Eisenhower, beating the Supreme Commander's own 772 00:53:23,700 --> 00:53:27,103 intelligence staff by several hours. 773 00:53:27,170 --> 00:53:30,507 He wants to deliver the news to the General himself. 774 00:53:31,141 --> 00:53:33,343 DOOLITTLE: I tell Eisenhower, "The only planes our guys on 775 00:53:33,410 --> 00:53:37,314 the ground and ships will see are Allied planes. 776 00:53:37,380 --> 00:53:40,283 There are no Luftwaffe in sight." 777 00:53:43,286 --> 00:53:47,424 NARRATOR: And then, it begins. 778 00:53:58,768 --> 00:54:01,838 On the morning of June 6th, 1944, 779 00:54:01,905 --> 00:54:07,077 156,000 men head toward the beaches of Normandy to hurl 780 00:54:07,143 --> 00:54:11,047 themselves against Hitler's Atlantic defenses. 781 00:54:13,116 --> 00:54:16,319 (explosions). 782 00:54:20,056 --> 00:54:26,630 (gunfire, explosions). 783 00:54:31,167 --> 00:54:37,040 (gunfire, explosions). 784 00:54:37,107 --> 00:54:40,877 The landing forces face heavy resistance immediately. 785 00:54:42,045 --> 00:54:44,281 If the invasion is going to succeed, 786 00:54:44,347 --> 00:54:46,783 the men on the ground will need aerial support from 787 00:54:46,850 --> 00:54:50,053 both bombers and fighters. 788 00:55:00,864 --> 00:55:04,934 Allied planes with special D-Day markings take off 789 00:55:05,001 --> 00:55:08,438 over 13,000 times that day over France. 790 00:55:11,508 --> 00:55:14,711 The Eighth's goal, to stop more German reinforcements 791 00:55:14,778 --> 00:55:17,514 from entering Normandy. 792 00:55:18,815 --> 00:55:20,917 PILOT (over radio): Bombs away. 793 00:55:20,984 --> 00:55:23,586 NARRATOR: They bomb key targets, 794 00:55:23,653 --> 00:55:25,822 strafe the shore defenses, 795 00:55:25,889 --> 00:55:30,894 (gunfire, explosions). 796 00:55:30,960 --> 00:55:35,632 and hunt down any Luftwaffe fighters that dare to appear. 797 00:55:36,099 --> 00:55:41,104 It's the largest single day air operation in history. 798 00:55:42,305 --> 00:55:45,275 Waist Gunner Sergeant Frank LaBlotier logs more hours 799 00:55:45,342 --> 00:55:48,144 that day than ever before. 800 00:55:49,746 --> 00:55:51,948 LABLOTIER: Everything's going so fast. 801 00:55:52,015 --> 00:55:53,450 They're telling us to take out bridges, 802 00:55:53,516 --> 00:55:56,386 so that the Germans can't get into Normandy. 803 00:55:57,754 --> 00:56:00,023 We go up for one mission, head back to England and 804 00:56:00,090 --> 00:56:02,659 refuel like a racetrack team. 805 00:56:02,726 --> 00:56:05,829 Before I know it, we're back up in the air. 806 00:56:10,066 --> 00:56:14,437 NARRATOR: Over 4,000 Allied troops die that day. 807 00:56:18,141 --> 00:56:21,211 But after a few days with the help of air support, 808 00:56:21,277 --> 00:56:25,982 the Allied ground troops manage to take the Normandy beaches. 809 00:56:26,816 --> 00:56:29,853 Meanwhile, the German army heads to the coast, 810 00:56:29,919 --> 00:56:33,623 hoping to throw the invasion force back into the sea. 811 00:56:38,528 --> 00:56:40,997 NARRATOR: After taking the beaches of Normandy, 812 00:56:41,064 --> 00:56:44,868 the Allies slowly advance into the countryside. 813 00:56:44,934 --> 00:56:48,605 The German infantry meets them head on and for six weeks, 814 00:56:48,671 --> 00:56:54,277 the two sides viciously battle suffering a combined 100,000 casualties. 815 00:56:55,545 --> 00:57:00,316 It soon becomes apparent they're in a stalemate. 816 00:57:00,683 --> 00:57:05,288 Allied commanders want the Eighth to come in and break it. 817 00:57:06,489 --> 00:57:09,526 The German and Allied armies are on either side of the 818 00:57:09,592 --> 00:57:11,795 St. Lo Periers road. 819 00:57:11,861 --> 00:57:15,932 Allied Command wants a massive force of over 2,000 planes 820 00:57:15,999 --> 00:57:19,536 to target the German forces to the south of the road, 821 00:57:19,602 --> 00:57:22,705 blowing a hole wide enough for Allied tanks 822 00:57:22,772 --> 00:57:26,643 to pour through and continue to Paris. 823 00:57:26,709 --> 00:57:30,113 But the armies are only a mile and a half apart. 824 00:57:32,582 --> 00:57:34,851 DOOLITTLE: I argue with my commanders. 825 00:57:34,918 --> 00:57:37,887 We're too close to our own men. 826 00:57:37,954 --> 00:57:42,258 Thousands of bombers cannot drop thousands of bombs accurately. 827 00:57:42,959 --> 00:57:46,463 NARRATOR: But command wants it done now. 828 00:57:47,430 --> 00:57:51,234 On July 25th, the Eighth's bombers take to the skies 829 00:57:51,301 --> 00:57:56,306 and General Doolittle joins them to observe. 830 00:57:58,007 --> 00:57:59,809 DOOLITTLE: And then I see it happen. 831 00:57:59,876 --> 00:58:01,578 The wind shifts. 832 00:58:01,644 --> 00:58:04,514 Instead of blowing smoke and debris away from the exploding 833 00:58:04,581 --> 00:58:08,151 bombs toward the enemy lines, it blows back over ours. 834 00:58:08,218 --> 00:58:11,988 The bombardiers drop visually and lose their aiming points. 835 00:58:12,055 --> 00:58:15,391 I'm powerless to stop it. 836 00:58:16,292 --> 00:58:18,361 It's one of those harrowing moments you dream about 837 00:58:18,428 --> 00:58:22,599 and then wake up, except this time, it's real. 838 00:58:25,168 --> 00:58:27,971 NARRATOR: The attack is a success. 839 00:58:28,037 --> 00:58:33,343 But the Eighth's bombs kill over 100 U.S. troops. 840 00:58:34,177 --> 00:58:36,346 DOOLITTLE: How does anyone explain to families that 841 00:58:36,412 --> 00:58:39,883 American fliers snuffed out the lives of American soldiers 842 00:58:39,949 --> 00:58:43,253 who had no way to defend themselves or even to know 843 00:58:43,319 --> 00:58:45,889 that they were being bombed. 844 00:58:45,955 --> 00:58:49,759 NARRATOR: Later, Eisenhower sends General Doolittle a 845 00:58:49,826 --> 00:58:54,264 formal letter absolving him of any guilt. 846 00:58:56,900 --> 00:58:59,802 100,000 combat troops pour through the gap 847 00:58:59,869 --> 00:59:02,772 created by the Eighth's bombs. 848 00:59:09,679 --> 00:59:14,717 They move through the French countryside toward the capital city. 849 00:59:15,084 --> 00:59:17,487 After four years of occupation, 850 00:59:17,554 --> 00:59:21,424 the French welcome the Allies with open arms. 851 00:59:21,491 --> 00:59:25,395 They're overjoyed to see the troops and lavish them 852 00:59:25,461 --> 00:59:29,232 with gifts and gratitude. 853 00:59:30,967 --> 00:59:36,839 On August 25th 1944, the Allies march into Paris, 854 00:59:36,906 --> 00:59:39,142 liberating the city. 855 00:59:39,208 --> 00:59:44,347 (cheering). 856 00:59:46,015 --> 00:59:51,821 (cheering). 857 01:00:01,364 --> 01:00:06,769 The Allies are now one step closer to Hitler's doorstep. 858 01:00:18,781 --> 01:00:24,454 In August of 1944, the Germans are in retreat all over Europe. 859 01:00:28,358 --> 01:00:31,260 And their decimated Luftwaffe is now sending up any pilots 860 01:00:31,327 --> 01:00:35,665 they can find no matter how inexperienced. 861 01:00:38,768 --> 01:00:42,238 For the Eighth's remaining fighter pilots like George Preddy, 862 01:00:42,305 --> 01:00:44,340 it's open season. 863 01:00:44,407 --> 01:00:47,644 (gunfire). 864 01:00:47,710 --> 01:00:51,481 Major Preddy has been putting his new Mustang to good use. 865 01:00:53,716 --> 01:00:57,754 PREDDY: I sure as hell am not a killer but combat flying is 866 01:00:57,820 --> 01:01:02,625 like a game and a guy sure likes to come out on top. 867 01:01:03,626 --> 01:01:06,496 NARRATOR: On August 6th, Preddy records six kills 868 01:01:06,562 --> 01:01:10,466 in five minutes. 869 01:01:10,800 --> 01:01:14,003 (gunfire). 870 01:01:15,972 --> 01:01:19,809 It sets a single day record, bringing his total kill count 871 01:01:19,876 --> 01:01:21,978 to 23 confirmed. 872 01:01:22,545 --> 01:01:26,783 He's now one of the highest ranking aces in the European theatre. 873 01:01:34,223 --> 01:01:36,092 PREDDY: I'm not aiming for any particular score, 874 01:01:36,159 --> 01:01:40,496 I just wanna finish the job in Europe so I can go back to the Pacific. 875 01:01:40,563 --> 01:01:43,499 I'd like to get another crack at the Japs. 876 01:01:45,201 --> 01:01:47,403 NARRATOR: But Preddy has already voluntarily extended 877 01:01:47,470 --> 01:01:51,140 his tour of duty three times. 878 01:01:53,976 --> 01:01:57,180 So later that August, he's finally forced to take a 879 01:01:57,246 --> 01:02:00,416 mandatory leave back stateside. 880 01:02:01,951 --> 01:02:06,622 Back home in North Carolina, he receives a hero's welcome. 881 01:02:06,689 --> 01:02:10,193 And gets to spend quality time with his family. 882 01:02:14,997 --> 01:02:16,766 PREDDY: My preacher asked me what I intend to do and 883 01:02:16,833 --> 01:02:21,270 I told him straight out. "I must go back." 884 01:02:24,040 --> 01:02:29,746 Back to do my part, back to fly and give again, 885 01:02:30,913 --> 01:02:32,749 and I am not afraid. 886 01:02:33,116 --> 01:02:37,086 My plane may be shot away, but I shall not fall, 887 01:02:38,321 --> 01:02:41,190 for I have wings. 888 01:02:41,257 --> 01:02:46,095 Wings not made of steel, but wings of a firmer kind. 889 01:02:47,029 --> 01:02:50,666 Wings God gave my soul. 890 01:02:51,701 --> 01:02:54,704 Thank God for Wings. 891 01:02:59,542 --> 01:03:01,711 NARRATOR: After a month at home, 892 01:03:01,778 --> 01:03:06,916 George Preddy returns to Europe for his fifth tour of duty. 893 01:03:11,721 --> 01:03:16,692 (cawing). 894 01:03:19,495 --> 01:03:23,166 Preddy is returning to an Eighth Air Force at its peak strength, 895 01:03:23,866 --> 01:03:27,336 200,000 men strong. 896 01:03:27,403 --> 01:03:30,540 And the men of The Mighty Eighth are about to be tested 897 01:03:30,606 --> 01:03:33,876 with their biggest operation yet. 898 01:03:38,147 --> 01:03:39,649 (gunfire, explosions). 899 01:03:39,782 --> 01:03:42,685 NARRATOR: On December 16th, 1944, 900 01:03:42,752 --> 01:03:47,223 250,000 German troops launch a counteroffensive, 901 01:03:47,290 --> 01:03:50,226 taking the Allies by complete surprise. 902 01:03:50,293 --> 01:03:52,595 (gunfire, explosions). 903 01:03:54,197 --> 01:03:56,632 Known as The Battle of the Bulge, 904 01:03:56,699 --> 01:03:58,734 the Germans attack a thinly-defended 905 01:03:58,801 --> 01:04:01,370 80-mile stretch of the Allied lines. 906 01:04:01,437 --> 01:04:02,939 Their goal? 907 01:04:03,005 --> 01:04:05,975 To punch through to the Belgian port of Antwerp 908 01:04:06,042 --> 01:04:09,645 disrupting the Allies' most critical supply chain. 909 01:04:10,613 --> 01:04:14,317 Thousands of Americans are killed and captured 910 01:04:14,383 --> 01:04:16,986 before they even know what happened. 911 01:04:17,053 --> 01:04:19,989 They wait desperately for air support, 912 01:04:21,524 --> 01:04:25,094 but the Eighth's bombers are nowhere in sight. 913 01:04:25,728 --> 01:04:27,263 DOOLITTLE: The Germans don't want us to celebrate the 914 01:04:27,330 --> 01:04:29,398 Christmas holidays. 915 01:04:29,465 --> 01:04:32,368 They started an offensive and intense fog rolled in at the 916 01:04:32,435 --> 01:04:35,371 same time covering our airfields. 917 01:04:40,276 --> 01:04:44,080 There's nothing we can do until the weather breaks. 918 01:04:48,784 --> 01:04:52,688 (gunfire). 919 01:05:06,302 --> 01:05:08,871 NARRATOR: A week later on December 24th, 920 01:05:08,938 --> 01:05:11,340 the skies finally open up. 921 01:05:11,407 --> 01:05:13,209 (gunshot). 922 01:05:13,776 --> 01:05:16,979 The Eighth launches a maximum effort to bomb the attacking 923 01:05:17,046 --> 01:05:22,151 German troops and go after any Luftwaffe pilots in the area. 924 01:05:23,386 --> 01:05:30,059 2,034 bombers and 853 fighters darken the skies over Belgium. 925 01:05:38,968 --> 01:05:45,408 (explosions). 926 01:05:47,176 --> 01:05:51,847 (explosions). 927 01:05:51,914 --> 01:05:56,085 The heavy bombing begins to halt the German counteroffensive. 928 01:05:57,286 --> 01:06:00,957 The next morning, ace pilot Major George Preddy is ready 929 01:06:01,023 --> 01:06:05,161 to celebrate Christmas by joining the action. 930 01:06:06,495 --> 01:06:08,230 PREDDY: I show my crew my bright red socks and 931 01:06:08,297 --> 01:06:11,100 I tell 'em it's gonna be a good day. 932 01:06:11,167 --> 01:06:14,370 My fighting socks are ready for some action. 933 01:06:14,437 --> 01:06:19,208 (gunfire). 934 01:06:19,275 --> 01:06:22,545 NARRATOR: Since his return, he's notched up more kills, 935 01:06:22,611 --> 01:06:26,349 bringing his official total to 25 and a half. 936 01:06:27,183 --> 01:06:32,555 (gunfire). 937 01:06:35,391 --> 01:06:38,127 His squadron of 11 Mustangs climbs into the sky 938 01:06:38,194 --> 01:06:41,197 in search of the enemy. 939 01:06:41,597 --> 01:06:44,667 For hours, they patrol. 940 01:06:44,734 --> 01:06:46,402 Until... 941 01:06:46,869 --> 01:06:49,372 PREDDY (over radio): Looks like they started without us, let's join 'em. 942 01:06:54,543 --> 01:06:57,046 NARRATOR: Preddy makes quick work of two German fighters 943 01:06:57,113 --> 01:07:01,717 bringing his official total kills to 27 and a half. 944 01:07:02,685 --> 01:07:06,455 Scanning the sky, he spots a third fighter and gives chase. 945 01:07:09,358 --> 01:07:11,560 He's flying across the battlefield, 946 01:07:11,627 --> 01:07:16,599 closing in on his target when it happens. 947 01:07:19,001 --> 01:07:21,837 American gunners trying to hit the German fighter he's 948 01:07:21,904 --> 01:07:25,908 pursuing hit Preddy instead. 949 01:07:28,110 --> 01:07:32,214 One round severs his right femoral artery. 950 01:07:32,281 --> 01:07:35,317 Still, Preddy manages to crash land. 951 01:07:35,384 --> 01:07:39,355 And medics rush to try and get him to a field hospital. 952 01:07:39,422 --> 01:07:42,725 But the bleeding just won't stop. 953 01:07:47,363 --> 01:07:50,800 Major George Preddy, the top Ace of the Eighth 954 01:07:50,866 --> 01:07:54,637 dies on Christmas Day. 955 01:07:54,703 --> 01:07:57,807 He was 25 years old. 956 01:08:04,313 --> 01:08:06,849 By the end of January 1945, 957 01:08:08,851 --> 01:08:10,152 the German offensive has been 958 01:08:10,219 --> 01:08:14,423 pushed back beyond its original launching point. 959 01:08:15,958 --> 01:08:20,196 The Battle of the Bulge is over. 960 01:08:21,630 --> 01:08:25,801 Hitler gambled everything and lost. 961 01:08:25,868 --> 01:08:29,238 The German military is crumbling, 962 01:08:31,574 --> 01:08:35,344 but Hitler and the Nazis show no signs of surrender. 963 01:08:35,778 --> 01:08:39,048 With the Russian Army 40 miles outside of Berlin, 964 01:08:39,115 --> 01:08:44,120 Allied commanders draw up plans to bomb major German cities. 965 01:08:44,286 --> 01:08:47,957 They'll do what's necessary to end the war. 966 01:08:52,895 --> 01:08:57,233 In early February 1945, the Allies order a major 967 01:08:57,299 --> 01:09:01,170 bombing operation against Berlin itself. 968 01:09:01,470 --> 01:09:05,341 It's been targeted before, at least 300 times. 969 01:09:05,774 --> 01:09:09,845 But this time, it's much larger. 970 01:09:09,912 --> 01:09:14,116 The operation has the potential to level the city 971 01:09:14,183 --> 01:09:17,653 and cause mass civilian casualties. 972 01:09:17,720 --> 01:09:20,322 When General Doolittle gets the orders, 973 01:09:20,389 --> 01:09:23,092 he wires back a formal objection. 974 01:09:24,293 --> 01:09:25,661 DOOLITTLE: There are no strictly important military 975 01:09:25,728 --> 01:09:28,063 targets in the designated area. 976 01:09:28,130 --> 01:09:30,933 This mission is an effort to lower German morale, 977 01:09:31,000 --> 01:09:35,137 to terrorize people, to destroy their will to endure, 978 01:09:35,204 --> 01:09:39,909 and the chances of terrorizing the German population into submission, 979 01:09:40,009 --> 01:09:42,311 by merely an increased concentration of bombing, 980 01:09:42,378 --> 01:09:45,481 is extremely remote. 981 01:09:46,549 --> 01:09:49,251 NARRATOR: Allied commanders wire him back, 982 01:09:49,318 --> 01:09:51,453 the mission is a go. 983 01:09:52,054 --> 01:09:54,123 (explosion). 984 01:09:54,190 --> 01:09:57,159 On February 3rd, 1945, 985 01:09:57,226 --> 01:10:00,196 over 1,400 of the Eighth's bombers and 986 01:10:00,262 --> 01:10:05,734 over 500 Mustang escorts lay waste to Berlin. 987 01:10:07,169 --> 01:10:10,940 Leaving the city in ruins. 988 01:10:19,415 --> 01:10:24,420 The one mission alone kills nearly 3,000 Berliners, 989 01:10:24,486 --> 01:10:30,125 wounds 2,000 more, and leaves 120,000 homeless. 990 01:10:32,127 --> 01:10:35,831 Allied Commanders claim success. 991 01:10:35,898 --> 01:10:40,202 But Doolittle worries the Eighth has tainted its legacy. 992 01:10:41,403 --> 01:10:44,006 DOOLITTLE: In what may be one of our last and best remembered 993 01:10:44,073 --> 01:10:47,109 operations regardless of its effectiveness, 994 01:10:47,176 --> 01:10:50,079 we will have violated the basic American principle 995 01:10:50,145 --> 01:10:54,483 of precision bombing of targets of strictly military significance. 996 01:10:55,918 --> 01:10:59,021 We should leave area bombing to the British. 997 01:10:59,822 --> 01:11:02,591 NARRATOR: Doolittle proves to be right. 998 01:11:02,658 --> 01:11:04,827 Despite the devastation in Berlin, 999 01:11:04,893 --> 01:11:08,664 there are no signs that the German people have broken. 1000 01:11:09,598 --> 01:11:13,168 Or that Hitler's grip on them, that had begun in the early 1001 01:11:13,235 --> 01:11:18,007 1930s, has become any less firm. 1002 01:11:19,508 --> 01:11:22,911 (cheering). 1003 01:11:23,145 --> 01:11:25,914 One week later, the Eighth is ordered to launch an attack 1004 01:11:25,981 --> 01:11:29,285 on another German city. 1005 01:11:29,351 --> 01:11:33,555 One that, unlike Berlin, has no flak batteries or planes 1006 01:11:33,622 --> 01:11:38,394 defending it and that until now has remained untouched 1007 01:11:38,460 --> 01:11:41,430 by the war, Dresden. 1008 01:11:44,933 --> 01:11:51,540 ♪ ♪ 1009 01:12:08,557 --> 01:12:11,660 NARRATOR: After Berlin, the differences between the Eighth's 1010 01:12:11,727 --> 01:12:15,531 daytime strategic bombing and the Royal Air Force's 1011 01:12:15,597 --> 01:12:20,569 nighttime area bombing continue to shrink. 1012 01:12:23,672 --> 01:12:28,243 The Germans who have destroyed so many European cities, 1013 01:12:28,310 --> 01:12:30,913 and murdered millions of people, 1014 01:12:30,979 --> 01:12:35,617 now watch their own cities turn to rubble. 1015 01:12:40,889 --> 01:12:43,325 The Eighth, at the peak of its strength, 1016 01:12:43,392 --> 01:12:47,963 bombs military targets surrounded by large civilian centers. 1017 01:12:49,298 --> 01:12:54,703 Dresden, Cologne, Pforzheim, Nuremberg and Munich all 1018 01:12:54,770 --> 01:12:58,040 suffer massive collateral damage. 1019 01:13:03,212 --> 01:13:06,215 When news of the devastation begins to leak, 1020 01:13:06,281 --> 01:13:09,551 the Eighth's public relations officers are told to stress 1021 01:13:09,618 --> 01:13:14,156 how each bombing mission is only meant to hit a military target. 1022 01:13:14,223 --> 01:13:18,961 They are to downplay any civilian casualties caused by the attacks. 1023 01:13:20,362 --> 01:13:23,399 By the end of the war, there will never be any official 1024 01:13:23,465 --> 01:13:27,903 record that the Eighth targeted civilian areas. 1025 01:13:30,839 --> 01:13:34,476 But in the months leading up to the bombing of these German cities, 1026 01:13:34,543 --> 01:13:37,746 President Roosevelt wrote to his secretary of war. 1027 01:13:37,813 --> 01:13:41,917 "It is of the utmost importance that every person in Germany 1028 01:13:41,984 --> 01:13:46,422 should realize that this time, Germany is a defeated nation. 1029 01:13:46,989 --> 01:13:49,792 The fact that they are a defeated nation must be so 1030 01:13:49,858 --> 01:13:54,229 impressed upon them that they will hesitate to start any new war. 1031 01:13:55,164 --> 01:13:58,133 Too many people here and in England hold to the view that 1032 01:13:58,200 --> 01:14:01,270 the German people as a whole are not responsible for what 1033 01:14:01,336 --> 01:14:05,741 has taken place, that only a few Nazi leaders are responsible. 1034 01:14:05,808 --> 01:14:10,145 That unfortunately is not based on fact. 1035 01:14:10,212 --> 01:14:13,348 The German people as a whole must have it driven home to 1036 01:14:13,415 --> 01:14:18,353 them that the whole nation has been engaged in a lawless conspiracy 1037 01:14:18,420 --> 01:14:22,291 against the decencies of modern civilization." 1038 01:14:28,297 --> 01:14:34,870 By the end of April 1945, Germany is on the brink of surrender. 1039 01:14:34,937 --> 01:14:39,608 The Nazi government is in shambles and the military is spent. 1040 01:14:42,377 --> 01:14:46,482 The Germans are completely surrounded by Allied forces. 1041 01:14:49,384 --> 01:14:55,457 Finally, on May 8th, 1945, what's left of Nazi high command 1042 01:14:55,524 --> 01:15:00,028 agrees to unconditionally surrender to the Allies. 1043 01:15:00,095 --> 01:15:04,466 The war in Europe is officially over. 1044 01:15:06,668 --> 01:15:12,374 ♪ ♪ 1045 01:15:12,808 --> 01:15:16,712 After the deaths of 26,000 of their brothers, 1046 01:15:16,778 --> 01:15:20,415 the roughly 200,000 men of the Eighth Air Force in bases all 1047 01:15:20,482 --> 01:15:26,288 around England are finally ready to close up shop and go home. 1048 01:15:28,223 --> 01:15:33,996 TRUMAN (over radio): This is a solemn but glorious hour. 1049 01:15:34,930 --> 01:15:39,401 General Eisenhower informs me that the forces of Germany have 1050 01:15:39,468 --> 01:15:43,739 surrendered to the United Nations. 1051 01:15:44,573 --> 01:15:48,443 The flags of freedom fly all over Europe. 1052 01:15:53,949 --> 01:15:58,153 PILOT: London has become a madhouse, a beautiful, beautiful madhouse. 1053 01:15:58,220 --> 01:16:00,222 PILOT: London has just gone crazy. 1054 01:16:00,289 --> 01:16:02,491 PILOT: There wasn't a dry eye in the house. 1055 01:16:02,558 --> 01:16:05,294 PILOT: There's a conga line down Piccadilly Circus. 1056 01:16:05,360 --> 01:16:06,862 PILOT: I'd be walking through a throng of people with a 1057 01:16:06,929 --> 01:16:09,097 pretty girl on my arm and all of a sudden, she was gone, 1058 01:16:09,164 --> 01:16:10,666 replaced by another one. 1059 01:16:10,732 --> 01:16:13,068 PILOT: One of our airmen pledged never to take a drink, 1060 01:16:13,135 --> 01:16:15,370 an hour later, we found him drunk in the gutter. 1061 01:16:31,353 --> 01:16:34,756 PILOT: I'm just glad this is over. 1062 01:16:38,293 --> 01:16:40,929 DOOLITTLE: We took the Luftwaffe out of the sky and 1063 01:16:40,996 --> 01:16:43,832 made all other successes possible. 1064 01:16:43,899 --> 01:16:46,068 Their roads, bridges, railroads, 1065 01:16:46,134 --> 01:16:50,005 communications are all in complete disarray. 1066 01:16:50,072 --> 01:16:52,941 I'm proud of my men. 1067 01:16:55,744 --> 01:16:59,648 NARRATOR: General Doolittle's celebration is short-lived. 1068 01:16:59,715 --> 01:17:03,118 With the great victory in Europe come sobering new 1069 01:17:03,185 --> 01:17:06,221 orders for his Mighty Eighth. 1070 01:17:07,889 --> 01:17:14,162 (gunfire, explosions). 1071 01:17:19,768 --> 01:17:24,439 (gunfire, explosions). 1072 01:17:24,539 --> 01:17:30,178 DOOLITTLE: The war isn't over. We're not done. 1073 01:17:33,181 --> 01:17:35,384 I've got new mission orders. 1074 01:17:35,851 --> 01:17:39,154 (gunfire). 1075 01:17:39,221 --> 01:17:42,024 The Eighth Air Force is getting redeployed. 1076 01:17:42,090 --> 01:17:45,327 We're going to Japan. 1077 01:17:47,529 --> 01:17:49,965 NARRATOR: In the Pacific, the Eighth's story will cross 1078 01:17:50,032 --> 01:17:53,268 paths with their former star pilot. 1079 01:17:53,335 --> 01:17:57,072 The man who led their first B-17 daylight bombing mission 1080 01:17:57,139 --> 01:17:59,875 over German occupied territory, 1081 01:17:59,941 --> 01:18:02,911 Paul Warfield Tibbets. 1082 01:18:02,978 --> 01:18:05,647 For nearly a year, he's been in the deserts of 1083 01:18:05,714 --> 01:18:09,718 the United States leading a top secret mission. 1084 01:18:09,785 --> 01:18:13,689 One that will change the world for generations to come. 1085 01:18:19,394 --> 01:18:22,764 TIBBETS: We cannot discuss the nature of our operation with anyone. 1086 01:18:22,831 --> 01:18:26,034 My family must be having a difficult time. 1087 01:18:26,101 --> 01:18:29,237 I've had to lie to my own wife. 1088 01:18:29,304 --> 01:18:33,775 But if we pull this off, we can end the war. 1089 01:18:34,476 --> 01:18:38,447 NARRATOR: After leaving the Eighth Air Force back in 1942, 1090 01:18:38,513 --> 01:18:43,185 Colonel Paul Tibbets makes his way back to the States. 1091 01:18:54,129 --> 01:18:56,965 He's there to help engineers test fly the most 1092 01:18:57,032 --> 01:19:01,269 technologically advanced plane in the Air Corps arsenal. 1093 01:19:01,336 --> 01:19:04,239 It carries more bombs and goes farther, higher, 1094 01:19:04,306 --> 01:19:08,443 and faster than any other bomber. 1095 01:19:10,078 --> 01:19:14,649 It's called the B-29 Superfortress. 1096 01:19:15,617 --> 01:19:19,154 Tibbets spends over a year test-flying the bomber logging 1097 01:19:19,221 --> 01:19:23,258 more hours in it than anyone else in the world. 1098 01:19:23,658 --> 01:19:28,196 Then, in September of 1944, the man who is considered one 1099 01:19:28,263 --> 01:19:32,501 of the best pilots in the Army Air Forces is briefed on the 1100 01:19:32,601 --> 01:19:36,104 Allies' biggest secret, 1101 01:19:37,572 --> 01:19:40,609 the Manhattan Project. 1102 01:19:42,878 --> 01:19:45,213 TIBBETS: I've been entrusted with the successful delivery 1103 01:19:45,280 --> 01:19:49,751 of the most frightful weapon ever devised. 1104 01:19:49,851 --> 01:19:54,890 I have a great deal to learn, there will be no room for error. 1105 01:19:55,123 --> 01:19:58,460 NARRATOR: Tibbets and his crews spend months training in the desert 1106 01:19:58,527 --> 01:20:02,697 waiting to see if they will be called into action. 1107 01:20:09,271 --> 01:20:11,940 The Allies do everything in their power to force the 1108 01:20:12,007 --> 01:20:14,876 Japanese to surrender. 1109 01:20:14,943 --> 01:20:19,481 In March 1945, Curtis LeMay, the Eighth's former tactical 1110 01:20:19,548 --> 01:20:23,652 genius, now commander of the 20th Air Force launches a 1111 01:20:23,718 --> 01:20:26,855 firebombing campaign over Tokyo. 1112 01:20:27,489 --> 01:20:32,594 85,000 die in one night. 1113 01:20:32,661 --> 01:20:36,531 But the Japanese will not relent. 1114 01:20:40,202 --> 01:20:44,272 DOOLITTLE: We land on July 17th and officially establish 1115 01:20:44,339 --> 01:20:47,709 the Eighth Air Force in the Pacific theater. 1116 01:20:49,644 --> 01:20:53,248 Things are much more primitive here than the life we led in England. 1117 01:20:53,315 --> 01:20:54,916 We're living in tents now. 1118 01:20:54,983 --> 01:20:58,019 The wind blows in one end and out the other. 1119 01:20:58,753 --> 01:21:01,089 NARRATOR: Ten weeks after the German surrender, 1120 01:21:01,156 --> 01:21:03,959 General Doolittle and his officers set up shop 1121 01:21:04,025 --> 01:21:06,461 on the island of Okinawa. 1122 01:21:06,528 --> 01:21:10,398 Equipped with brand new B-29s and P-51s, 1123 01:21:10,465 --> 01:21:13,235 the men of the Eighth Air Force begin their preparations 1124 01:21:13,301 --> 01:21:16,438 to join another bloody air war. 1125 01:21:17,505 --> 01:21:20,342 DOOLITTLE: We're now officially in business. 1126 01:21:20,408 --> 01:21:23,612 But we won't be ready to start bombing until next month. 1127 01:21:23,678 --> 01:21:26,615 And I keep getting letters from boys asking to come join 1128 01:21:26,681 --> 01:21:28,216 the Eighth in the Pacific. 1129 01:21:28,683 --> 01:21:31,887 NARRATOR: What Doolittle and the Eighth don't know is that 1130 01:21:31,953 --> 01:21:36,091 they'll never drop another bomb again. 1131 01:21:37,459 --> 01:21:41,263 After months of training, Tibbets and his men are also 1132 01:21:41,329 --> 01:21:43,865 transferred to the South Pacific. 1133 01:21:48,236 --> 01:21:53,808 On August 5th, 1945, Colonel Tibbets gets the all clear, 1134 01:21:53,875 --> 01:21:56,378 the mission he has been training for, 1135 01:21:56,444 --> 01:22:00,348 for close to a year, is a go. 1136 01:22:06,421 --> 01:22:11,026 The next day, at 2:45 AM, Tibbets and the crew of the 1137 01:22:11,092 --> 01:22:15,430 Enola Gay leave their base on the island of Tinian. 1138 01:22:16,197 --> 01:22:20,969 Traveling a little over five hours to the city of Hiroshima. 1139 01:22:22,704 --> 01:22:26,808 There, at 8:15 local time, Tibbet's turns control over 1140 01:22:26,875 --> 01:22:29,277 to his bombardier. 1141 01:22:30,145 --> 01:22:34,015 REPORTER: Colonel Tibbets, will you tell us some of your reactions over the target? 1142 01:22:35,684 --> 01:22:37,419 TIBBETS: Well, as the bomb left the airplane, 1143 01:22:37,485 --> 01:22:41,957 we took over manual control, made an extremely steep turn 1144 01:22:42,023 --> 01:22:45,193 to try and put as much distance between ourselves and 1145 01:22:45,260 --> 01:22:46,728 the explosion as possible. 1146 01:22:47,228 --> 01:22:52,100 After we felt the explosion hit the airplane, 1147 01:22:52,167 --> 01:22:55,904 that is the concussion waves, we knew that the bomb had 1148 01:22:55,971 --> 01:22:59,274 explosion, had exploded, everything was a success. 1149 01:22:59,341 --> 01:23:01,042 So we turned around to take a look at it. 1150 01:23:01,343 --> 01:23:05,213 The sight that greeted our eyes was quite beyond what we 1151 01:23:05,280 --> 01:23:10,318 had expected because we saw this cloud of boiling dust and 1152 01:23:10,418 --> 01:23:13,888 debris below us with this tremendous mushroom on top. 1153 01:23:13,955 --> 01:23:18,860 Beneath that was hidden the ruins of the city of Hiroshima. 1154 01:23:27,068 --> 01:23:30,405 The first time I dropped bombs on a target, I said to myself, 1155 01:23:30,472 --> 01:23:31,940 "People are getting killed down there that don't have 1156 01:23:32,007 --> 01:23:34,943 any business getting killed. 1157 01:23:35,010 --> 01:23:39,047 Those are not soldiers." If I get to thinking about 1158 01:23:39,114 --> 01:23:42,117 some innocent person getting hit on the ground, 1159 01:23:42,183 --> 01:23:45,253 I won't be worth anything if I do that. 1160 01:23:45,353 --> 01:23:48,456 I am supposed to be a bomber pilot and destroy a target. 1161 01:23:48,523 --> 01:23:51,026 I made up my mind then that the morality of dropping that 1162 01:23:51,092 --> 01:23:53,294 bomb was not my business. 1163 01:23:53,361 --> 01:23:57,432 I was instructed to perform a military mission to drop the bomb. 1164 01:23:58,166 --> 01:24:01,469 Morality, there's no such thing in warfare. 1165 01:24:02,103 --> 01:24:05,240 I don't care whether you're dropping atom bombs or 1166 01:24:05,306 --> 01:24:07,842 100-pound bombs, or shooting a rifle. 1167 01:24:08,109 --> 01:24:11,479 You've got to leave the moral issue out of it. 1168 01:24:14,149 --> 01:24:17,118 NARRATOR: The Eighth already enjoys legendary status 1169 01:24:17,218 --> 01:24:21,089 worldwide as the group that destroyed Hitler's Air Force. 1170 01:24:21,156 --> 01:24:24,225 General Doolittle is told that if he wants the Eighth to get 1171 01:24:24,292 --> 01:24:26,961 credit for also serving in the Pacific theater, 1172 01:24:27,228 --> 01:24:30,198 he should put his men in the air immediately. 1173 01:24:30,432 --> 01:24:34,269 But even though Japan doesn't surrender after Hiroshima, 1174 01:24:34,335 --> 01:24:36,704 the end is obviously near. 1175 01:24:37,272 --> 01:24:39,507 DOOLITTLE: If the war is over, 1176 01:24:39,607 --> 01:24:42,343 I will not risk one airplane nor a single bomber crew member 1177 01:24:42,510 --> 01:24:44,612 just to be able to say the Eighth Air Force had 1178 01:24:44,712 --> 01:24:46,981 operated against the Japanese in Asia. 1179 01:24:47,582 --> 01:24:52,120 They've done their job. It's time for us to go home. 1180 01:24:53,455 --> 01:24:56,524 NARRATOR: Three days after Hiroshima, 1181 01:24:57,492 --> 01:25:03,698 one of Tibbets's pilots drops a second bomb, over Nagasaki. 1182 01:25:05,967 --> 01:25:13,541 ♪ ♪ 1183 01:25:24,652 --> 01:25:31,793 Six days later, Japan surrenders. 1184 01:25:33,394 --> 01:25:37,665 World War II is over. 1185 01:25:40,902 --> 01:25:43,304 And the men of the Eighth begin to make their way back 1186 01:25:43,404 --> 01:25:47,041 home to a brand new world. 1187 01:25:48,643 --> 01:25:51,546 A world where they are heroes. 1188 01:25:51,980 --> 01:25:56,251 Where America is now an atomic superpower. 1189 01:25:57,018 --> 01:26:01,322 350,000 men have served in the Eighth Air Force. 1190 01:26:01,422 --> 01:26:04,225 Their actions, accomplishments, 1191 01:26:04,325 --> 01:26:07,996 and sacrifices have altered the course of warfare... 1192 01:26:08,329 --> 01:26:09,464 forever. 1193 01:26:09,597 --> 01:26:17,338 ♪ ♪ 1194 01:26:53,708 --> 01:27:01,216 ♪ ♪ 95714

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