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Silence!
4
00:03:21,300 --> 00:03:22,460
Good morning!
5
00:03:22,580 --> 00:03:23,700
Where are you
coming from?
6
00:03:24,220 --> 00:03:26,700
From my house,
in Tragadero Grande, The Blue Lagoon.
7
00:03:29,180 --> 00:03:33,180
And your name?
– Daniel Chaupe Acuña.
8
00:03:34,340 --> 00:03:37,500
Do you need the children's name?
– No.
9
00:03:44,060 --> 00:03:50,500
I understood the mining corporation
had trapped Maxima in her own territory.
10
00:03:50,620 --> 00:03:52,460
It seemed like
an absurd situation,
11
00:03:52,580 --> 00:03:56,980
in a desolate remote area,
4000 meters above sea level.
12
00:04:11,780 --> 00:04:15,100
I have been here
since 1994.
13
00:04:17,060 --> 00:04:20,900
We work the land
because we are peasants.
14
00:04:21,020 --> 00:04:25,860
My parents were peasants.
15
00:04:26,780 --> 00:04:32,220
We grew up in the fields
and they taught us how to work.
16
00:04:33,300 --> 00:04:37,620
Mother Earth gives us
everything we need.
17
00:04:38,860 --> 00:04:41,180
But now they say that
our land contains gold.
18
00:04:41,300 --> 00:04:44,940
That is why the company
wants to take our land.
19
00:04:45,060 --> 00:04:49,660
They want to kick us out.
Where will they dump us ?
20
00:05:45,540 --> 00:05:49,740
What did Yanacocha do to you?
When did it all start?
21
00:05:50,420 --> 00:05:55,380
In 2010, Yanacocha started.
22
00:05:55,500 --> 00:05:58,740
They came with their staff.
23
00:05:58,860 --> 00:06:03,260
They claimed this land
does not belong to us.
24
00:06:03,380 --> 00:06:07,140
This land belongs to the Yanacocha
mining company, they said.
25
00:06:07,820 --> 00:06:10,060
We have the property title.
26
00:06:10,180 --> 00:06:13,180
So we showed it to them:
"Here are the documents!"
27
00:06:15,780 --> 00:06:18,700
The first time,
there were 6 people.
28
00:06:19,700 --> 00:06:22,740
They did not kick me out.
29
00:06:23,580 --> 00:06:25,860
The second time,
30
00:06:27,340 --> 00:06:29,260
there were 50 people.
31
00:06:33,820 --> 00:06:36,260
We are humble people.
32
00:06:36,380 --> 00:06:39,420
Look what the mining company
comes to do with police forces.
33
00:06:41,060 --> 00:06:43,620
They hit my mum
and my sister.
34
00:06:44,700 --> 00:06:48,980
Look where the engineers are.
Far away!
35
00:06:49,100 --> 00:06:51,740
They don't even come
fix the problems themselves.
36
00:06:51,860 --> 00:06:54,100
They rather
send their staff.
37
00:06:54,540 --> 00:06:58,460
Look how they came
with machinery!
38
00:06:58,580 --> 00:07:02,300
A mining company should
not act this way.
39
00:07:02,420 --> 00:07:07,300
They come and take
what belongs to others!
40
00:07:10,660 --> 00:07:12,980
Look what they did
to my family.
41
00:07:13,100 --> 00:07:15,620
My mum fainted.
42
00:07:15,860 --> 00:07:18,700
Please we need your help!
43
00:07:30,100 --> 00:07:33,820
My husband went to the
NGO Grufides in Cajamarca.
44
00:07:35,260 --> 00:07:37,900
There he met
the lawyer Mirtha.
45
00:07:38,020 --> 00:07:41,500
She helped us
spread the news.
46
00:07:44,140 --> 00:07:47,980
This is when
I first met Maxima.
47
00:07:48,940 --> 00:07:53,980
Her story was so severe,
that I doubted its truth.
48
00:07:54,100 --> 00:07:57,300
We are talking about
a formal company.
49
00:07:57,420 --> 00:08:08,860
Presenting itself as respecting high
social and environmental standards.
50
00:08:08,980 --> 00:08:13,420
So when Maxima told us that
they violently tried to evict her,
51
00:08:13,540 --> 00:08:16,740
that they came with police,
with private security,
52
00:08:16,860 --> 00:08:18,940
that they beat her,
53
00:08:19,060 --> 00:08:21,380
and that they almost
killed her daughter...
54
00:08:21,500 --> 00:08:23,380
To me, it was too much.
55
00:08:23,500 --> 00:08:26,740
And I even doubted.
56
00:08:26,860 --> 00:08:33,220
So I asked her to show me
her blows and wounds.
57
00:08:33,340 --> 00:08:36,180
She then got undressed.
58
00:08:42,980 --> 00:08:52,300
This gave us the elements
to take on such a delicate case.
59
00:08:56,260 --> 00:09:01,380
We tried to activate
justice in our favor.
60
00:09:01,500 --> 00:09:08,260
We took the complaint
which Maxima filed.
61
00:09:08,380 --> 00:09:12,220
Not only had it been archived,
62
00:09:12,340 --> 00:09:16,940
but the company had filed a complaint
against Maxima and her family.
63
00:09:17,060 --> 00:09:20,860
And their accusation
was given due procedure.
64
00:09:20,980 --> 00:09:24,780
To me, this was shocking.
65
00:09:24,900 --> 00:09:31,380
I understood that the judicial system
works for those in power.
66
00:09:42,220 --> 00:09:45,940
"Máxima Acuña:
three-year suspended jail sentence."
67
00:09:48,780 --> 00:09:55,220
The mining company sued
Máxima and her family
68
00:09:55,340 --> 00:09:59,260
claiming they had illegally
usurped the land.
69
00:09:59,380 --> 00:10:04,300
They had no qualms about
saying outrageous lies that
70
00:10:04,420 --> 00:10:07,380
Maxima entered and assaulted
10 police officers.
71
00:10:07,500 --> 00:10:11,140
There were 10 police
officers injured.
72
00:10:11,260 --> 00:10:13,620
It even made us laugh!
73
00:10:13,740 --> 00:10:15,780
So I told her
"Super Maxima"!
74
00:10:15,900 --> 00:10:18,980
How could you
hit so many police?
75
00:10:19,100 --> 00:10:21,900
Then get inside and
take over the land?
76
00:10:27,660 --> 00:10:30,060
No to Conga!
77
00:10:43,940 --> 00:10:46,860
These are the minutes of
the Blue Lagoon's inspection.
78
00:10:46,980 --> 00:10:49,820
11 AM, on Sunday 24th of October
79
00:10:49,940 --> 00:10:55,860
We inspect that the lagoon
level has dropped.
80
00:10:55,980 --> 00:10:58,820
There is no sign
of mining activity.
81
00:10:58,940 --> 00:11:02,900
In the case the mine
started new activities,
82
00:11:03,020 --> 00:11:07,580
we would call a general assembly
with all our people,
83
00:11:07,700 --> 00:11:10,340
all community watchers, from
Bambamarca and Celendin.
84
00:11:42,540 --> 00:11:45,620
I just want to tell you that
85
00:11:45,740 --> 00:11:53,420
we are all fighting together in order
to protect our water, our land.
86
00:11:53,540 --> 00:11:56,180
We know that without water
we can't survive.
87
00:11:56,300 --> 00:12:00,260
Without land there is
no work, no food.
88
00:12:00,620 --> 00:12:05,940
As peasants, we don't want
to go and live in a city.
89
00:12:06,060 --> 00:12:08,380
And how are we
going to survive?
90
00:12:08,500 --> 00:12:12,340
Their money will disappear.
Our land will be forever.
91
00:12:12,460 --> 00:12:18,420
Until the day we die. Then for
our children. For our grand-children.
92
00:12:18,540 --> 00:12:21,100
There is no reason why
the company should win!
93
00:12:21,220 --> 00:12:24,820
Why can't we unite,
all the districts?
94
00:12:24,940 --> 00:12:30,340
And say out loud that
the mine should go away!
95
00:12:30,500 --> 00:12:33,100
So that we can
live in peace.
96
00:12:33,580 --> 00:12:37,780
These are my few words as we are
almost reaching the end of the day.
97
00:12:38,140 --> 00:12:39,500
Thank you!
98
00:12:43,780 --> 00:12:46,780
The People, united,
will never be defeated!
99
00:12:46,900 --> 00:12:50,940
My blood, my life!
All for the water!
100
00:12:54,180 --> 00:12:58,700
Conga?
– No!
101
00:13:00,780 --> 00:13:04,340
Not now!
Not ever!
102
00:13:21,820 --> 00:13:26,420
The mining company says
you want to sell the water!
103
00:13:26,540 --> 00:13:31,300
They say they made a consultation.
Did they consult you?
104
00:13:31,420 --> 00:13:33,020
No!
105
00:13:33,140 --> 00:13:35,980
What matters more:
Water or gold?
106
00:13:36,100 --> 00:13:37,460
Water!
107
00:13:37,780 --> 00:13:41,980
I was surprised to know that,
once elected, he changed his discourse.
108
00:13:42,100 --> 00:13:46,860
The Conga project is
important for Peru.
109
00:13:46,980 --> 00:13:53,340
It will allow the great transformation
and social inclusion of the Peruvian people.
110
00:13:53,460 --> 00:13:58,180
We reject extreme positions:
water or gold?
111
00:13:58,300 --> 00:14:03,860
We prefer a common sense position:
water and gold!
112
00:14:03,980 --> 00:14:10,340
We can clarify any doubts
about the lagoons.
113
00:14:10,460 --> 00:14:18,020
In this sense, the Government will guarantee
the supply of water for the entire community.
114
00:14:19,460 --> 00:14:21,820
They grabbed him.
115
00:14:21,980 --> 00:14:24,300
Don't hit me!
Don't hit me!
116
00:14:25,820 --> 00:14:28,980
I'm not doing
anything wrong!
117
00:14:29,820 --> 00:14:31,500
I'm not doing
anything wrong!
118
00:14:31,620 --> 00:14:33,740
I'm a journalist!
119
00:14:49,660 --> 00:14:55,700
All the people of Peru show solidarity
with the people of Cajamarca.
120
00:14:55,820 --> 00:14:57,980
Our fight is full of hope!
121
00:15:29,420 --> 00:15:33,700
We want potatoes,
we want corn!
122
00:15:33,820 --> 00:15:37,340
Transnational corporations,
out of the country!
123
00:15:59,940 --> 00:16:06,180
We will now begin.
It is May 3rd, 2017, 9 AM.
124
00:16:06,300 --> 00:16:09,100
Dear Secretary, please read out
the conclusion of the sentence.
125
00:16:09,220 --> 00:16:16,900
We declare the cassation appeal unfounded,
as filed by the lawyer of Yanacocha company.
126
00:16:17,020 --> 00:16:19,580
It acquitted the following
accused people.
127
00:16:26,100 --> 00:16:31,540
I'm happy. I'm relaxed.
In the name of justice.
128
00:16:31,660 --> 00:16:37,820
Here in the capital of Peru, today,
justice was achieved based on true facts.
129
00:16:37,940 --> 00:16:43,700
I just hope I'll never have to face
any further harassment from the company.
130
00:16:43,820 --> 00:16:46,980
They are very
abusive people!
131
00:17:51,540 --> 00:17:55,900
This was the path we took to go
to the nearby villages down hill.
132
00:17:56,020 --> 00:18:05,300
After we won the trial, the company
started to put fences everywhere.
133
00:18:05,420 --> 00:18:11,580
We did not know how to get in
and how to get out of here.
134
00:18:21,380 --> 00:18:23,940
We are back!
135
00:18:25,620 --> 00:18:31,140
Lucky you came
before the rain!
136
00:18:31,260 --> 00:18:38,660
This morning nothing. Now that
we have left the lagoon, it rains.
137
00:18:39,660 --> 00:18:44,140
Here the company did not
leave us in peace.
138
00:18:44,260 --> 00:18:46,940
You can see their
CCTV cameras.
139
00:18:47,060 --> 00:18:50,660
They are watching us,
pointing it at the house.
140
00:18:50,780 --> 00:18:52,260
The camera up the hill?
141
00:18:52,380 --> 00:18:54,380
Yes that one.
– Ha, yes, watch this.
142
00:18:54,500 --> 00:18:57,500
It is surveilling us.
143
00:18:57,620 --> 00:18:59,340
They are watching us.
144
00:18:59,460 --> 00:19:01,500
If we are here,
or not.
145
00:19:01,620 --> 00:19:03,220
What we are doing,
who we are meeting.
146
00:19:03,340 --> 00:19:05,940
If we are alone,
or not.
147
00:19:07,580 --> 00:19:09,380
They also started
to send drones.
148
00:21:57,780 --> 00:22:02,740
Good morning Granny!
149
00:22:04,340 --> 00:22:05,780
This is mum!
150
00:22:09,460 --> 00:22:11,780
I was the Championship
Godmother!
151
00:22:11,900 --> 00:22:14,700
They let you
score the goal.
152
00:22:15,580 --> 00:22:16,700
It was in 2009,
more or less.
153
00:22:19,620 --> 00:22:22,740
These pictures
are beautiful.
154
00:22:23,500 --> 00:22:27,540
My mum had three daughters
and she was still very fit.
155
00:22:28,300 --> 00:22:32,980
When you were born, you were so skinny,
that we thought you were going to die.
156
00:22:33,100 --> 00:22:36,780
There was no incubator, so you
grew up with bottles of hot water.
157
00:22:36,900 --> 00:22:42,060
And now Miss Bertha is
the Coordinator of COPINH.
158
00:22:50,460 --> 00:22:55,620
When I was told that they had killed
Berta Caceres, who was my mum.
159
00:22:55,740 --> 00:22:59,980
I had not doubt that she represented
an effective struggle
160
00:23:00,100 --> 00:23:05,300
of the Lenca people against
these corporate interests.
161
00:23:06,540 --> 00:23:08,020
So from that
moment onwards,
162
00:23:08,140 --> 00:23:12,660
I dedicated every single day of my life
to seeking justice for my mum.
163
00:23:19,500 --> 00:23:24,220
Who told you
that the struggle
164
00:23:24,340 --> 00:23:28,940
led by indigenous people,
had been an easy one?
165
00:23:29,740 --> 00:23:33,060
Never!
166
00:23:33,180 --> 00:23:37,180
Do you know how long
indigenous people have been fighting?
167
00:23:37,900 --> 00:23:42,140
For five-hundred twenty years,
since the Spanish invasion.
168
00:23:42,620 --> 00:23:49,300
Since the invasion, power has remained
in the hands of these northern countries.
169
00:23:49,580 --> 00:23:53,180
It was based on the
exploitation of our people.
170
00:23:53,420 --> 00:23:57,940
Seventy million indigenous peoples
were murdered in our continent.
171
00:24:00,940 --> 00:24:03,980
Colonialism is not over.
172
00:24:04,460 --> 00:24:08,100
This is why this fight is
so hard for the indigenous.
173
00:24:08,460 --> 00:24:12,340
And the State apparatus
is working to maintain this.
174
00:24:12,460 --> 00:24:16,220
But we are also
very powerful!
175
00:24:16,340 --> 00:24:19,380
This is why we
are still here today!
176
00:24:26,220 --> 00:24:31,980
In 2009 Honduras was hit
by a civic-military coup.
177
00:24:32,100 --> 00:24:37,700
We understood, the aim was
not just to remove the President.
178
00:24:37,820 --> 00:24:43,700
It was against a deeper social
revolution led by communities.
179
00:24:43,820 --> 00:24:47,060
About the re-foundation
of Honduras,
180
00:24:47,180 --> 00:24:51,540
territorial control,
indigenous and women's rights.
181
00:24:51,660 --> 00:24:56,980
A key component of the Coup
aimed at consolidating Honduras
182
00:24:57,100 --> 00:25:04,380
as an economic model based on the
privatization of common goods and nature.
183
00:25:04,500 --> 00:25:07,180
It was a set of 49 licences
for hydroelectric dams
184
00:25:07,300 --> 00:25:12,700
in order to exploit rivers
as well as other energy projects.
185
00:25:12,820 --> 00:25:16,020
Counting forty-nine just
in the region of the Lenca people.
186
00:25:16,140 --> 00:25:20,620
And one of these projects was
the Agua Zarca project.
187
00:25:54,940 --> 00:25:59,700
One wonders.
188
00:26:01,020 --> 00:26:05,180
Where does so much
strength come from?
189
00:26:06,900 --> 00:26:11,060
Where do so many
Rosalinas come from?
190
00:26:12,180 --> 00:26:16,340
Where do so many
Bertas come from?
191
00:26:17,820 --> 00:26:21,900
They told
me a secret.
192
00:26:22,020 --> 00:26:26,140
These are
ancestral spirits.
193
00:26:26,340 --> 00:26:29,940
You did not consult the people,
and today we don't want you to tell lies.
194
00:26:34,660 --> 00:26:37,540
The one who is leading
you here, Berta Caceres.
195
00:26:40,900 --> 00:26:45,020
She had a meeting with he President.
And The President of the Republic told her
196
00:26:45,140 --> 00:26:47,860
that the company is
not going away!
197
00:26:47,980 --> 00:26:50,420
They will come
for the water.
198
00:26:50,540 --> 00:26:52,660
Here we will be
day and night!
199
00:26:54,140 --> 00:26:57,700
I see clearly that most people
are in favor of the dam.
200
00:27:03,580 --> 00:27:05,700
Go away!
201
00:27:05,820 --> 00:27:07,820
You are lying!
202
00:27:08,140 --> 00:27:11,420
We are going to read you
a bit of this document
203
00:27:11,540 --> 00:27:14,900
in which it is
stated that
204
00:27:15,020 --> 00:27:17,420
people here
have signed it.
205
00:27:17,540 --> 00:27:20,540
But this is a lie as we never
signed any document.
206
00:27:20,660 --> 00:27:22,340
This is a lie
because
207
00:27:22,460 --> 00:27:26,140
here you see the list, written
in only one hand writing,
208
00:27:26,260 --> 00:27:29,180
and without
an ID number.
209
00:27:29,300 --> 00:27:33,340
People who can't even read
or write, appear here.
210
00:27:33,460 --> 00:27:35,460
My name is
Santo Gil Gomez.
211
00:27:35,580 --> 00:27:39,900
I was upset because
I was in this document,
212
00:27:40,020 --> 00:27:45,220
claiming I am in
favor of this dam.
213
00:27:45,340 --> 00:27:47,260
I can't sign or read.
214
00:27:47,380 --> 00:27:49,900
So why is my name
in this document?
215
00:27:50,020 --> 00:27:52,420
They simply stole
the signature from me.
216
00:27:53,300 --> 00:27:55,460
My name is
Gloria Suyapa Paz.
217
00:27:55,580 --> 00:28:00,060
My signature is in this document,
but I did not sign it.
218
00:28:00,180 --> 00:28:08,380
They have forged my signature and
this is a crime against these people.
219
00:28:08,500 --> 00:28:12,060
We are the Lenca, the indigenous
community from Intibuca.
220
00:29:00,100 --> 00:29:02,180
On the 1st of April 2013,
221
00:29:02,300 --> 00:29:06,740
people in Rio Blanco started
"The Taking of the Oak".
222
00:29:06,860 --> 00:29:09,020
They wanted to block
the machineries,
223
00:29:09,140 --> 00:29:12,260
which were already destroying
a part of the mountain.
224
00:29:12,380 --> 00:29:15,340
They wanted to build a road
225
00:29:15,460 --> 00:29:21,700
and start bringing all
the equipment for the dam.
226
00:29:32,540 --> 00:29:36,820
From that day onwards, violence was
unleashed against the community.
227
00:29:36,940 --> 00:29:46,380
Private security, machineries, police,
military, they all started to come here.
228
00:29:46,500 --> 00:29:51,540
There was dreadful control
to get in and out of the community.
229
00:29:53,340 --> 00:29:56,620
Here, COPINH is going to rule.
230
00:30:23,860 --> 00:30:28,300
We could already see,
in January and February,
231
00:30:28,420 --> 00:30:31,540
that the level of tension
was once again rising.
232
00:30:31,660 --> 00:30:35,300
There was an atmosphere of tension.
There was surveillance.
233
00:30:35,420 --> 00:30:38,940
In one of these actions,
234
00:30:39,060 --> 00:30:43,300
the main leader of the community
was openly shot dead.
235
00:30:43,420 --> 00:30:46,380
His name was
Tomás Garcia.
236
00:30:46,500 --> 00:30:50,860
He was the President of the Council,
as well as a religious authority.
237
00:30:50,980 --> 00:30:53,660
He was very
well-known.
238
00:31:03,700 --> 00:31:09,540
We want to make a commitment here,
in front of Tomás's body and soul.
239
00:31:09,660 --> 00:31:11,860
We are not going
to sell out!
240
00:31:11,980 --> 00:31:16,900
We want that DESA and SinoHydro
to leave this project.
241
00:31:17,020 --> 00:31:21,700
We demand them to remove
all repressive forces from here.
242
00:31:22,220 --> 00:31:26,940
The hitmen culture
and the death threats.
243
00:31:27,060 --> 00:31:29,700
The persecution during these
one-hundred and eight days
244
00:31:29,820 --> 00:31:33,620
of heroic resistance
you have been leading.
245
00:31:40,500 --> 00:31:44,660
We'll change the world
with our love.
246
00:31:44,780 --> 00:31:48,780
Together we'll make History.
Let's go!
247
00:32:01,540 --> 00:32:05,500
Berta didn't die!
248
00:32:05,620 --> 00:32:11,340
She is now millions of people.
I am Berta.
249
00:32:21,380 --> 00:32:25,260
In 2013, we started
to investigate
250
00:32:25,380 --> 00:32:29,700
who the investors were,
as we did not know them.
251
00:32:29,820 --> 00:32:36,060
Thanks to people in The Netherlands,
we discovered that the FMO bank was involved.
252
00:32:36,180 --> 00:32:39,140
This is the Dutch
development fund.
253
00:32:39,260 --> 00:32:43,660
The FinnFund, a development
fund from Finland.
254
00:32:43,780 --> 00:32:47,620
The Central American Bank
for Economic Integration,
255
00:32:47,740 --> 00:32:55,980
and for turbines and electrical consultancy,
the German company Voith Hydro.
256
00:32:56,100 --> 00:32:59,260
More precisely
with the FMO,
257
00:32:59,380 --> 00:33:06,180
Berta Caceres, as COPINH coordinator,
started communication with the bank.
258
00:33:06,300 --> 00:33:09,700
Mainly by email.
259
00:33:09,820 --> 00:33:13,740
She asked them not
to invest in this project
260
00:33:13,860 --> 00:33:17,620
because it was violating the rights
of the indigenous communities,
261
00:33:17,740 --> 00:33:21,980
and that the leader Tomás Garcia
had already been shot dead.
262
00:33:22,100 --> 00:33:26,940
"Our people DO NOT grant consent for Agua Zarca
and the company in our Sacred River."
263
00:33:37,380 --> 00:33:40,100
To this second email,
the bank replied
264
00:33:40,220 --> 00:33:46,220
the communities were not
indigenous communities.
265
00:33:46,340 --> 00:33:48,620
So we asked ourselves
266
00:33:48,740 --> 00:33:50,980
how dare a Dutch bank
267
00:33:51,100 --> 00:33:54,820
tell us who indigenous people are,
or are not, in our territories?
268
00:33:54,940 --> 00:33:59,140
In this North vs. South
relationship,
269
00:33:59,260 --> 00:34:03,260
we are the ones
who must pay
270
00:34:03,380 --> 00:34:08,060
for the brutal consumerism
of these countries.
271
00:34:08,180 --> 00:34:11,100
We have to bear
the consequences
272
00:34:11,220 --> 00:34:15,820
of this climate change crisis,
driven by this economic exploitation.
273
00:35:33,860 --> 00:35:37,540
The death of Berta Caceres is
the chronicle of a death foretold.
274
00:35:37,660 --> 00:35:44,060
Thirty-three times, she reported
the threats she was receiving.
275
00:35:44,180 --> 00:35:47,180
For the sole purpose
of protecting her land,
276
00:35:47,300 --> 00:35:50,540
indigenous people,
the environment.
277
00:35:50,660 --> 00:35:54,820
The lives of people
with rights to it.
278
00:35:54,940 --> 00:36:00,700
Much better than I, Bertha
is going to tell you all this.
279
00:36:00,820 --> 00:36:07,260
Thank you for this important
opportunity for us.
280
00:36:07,380 --> 00:36:14,820
It's a slap on the wrist to those
investing in these projects
281
00:36:14,940 --> 00:36:18,260
that violated principles, values
and human lives too.
282
00:36:18,380 --> 00:36:25,060
We are visiting the EU
with the intention
283
00:36:25,180 --> 00:36:30,420
of telling you that our fight
for justice won't stop.
284
00:36:30,540 --> 00:36:34,500
Love is the biggest
engine driving us.
285
00:36:34,620 --> 00:36:38,700
Our commitment to truth
won't be stopped
286
00:36:38,820 --> 00:36:42,300
not due to fatigue,
nor because of all the adversities.
287
00:38:19,180 --> 00:38:22,340
Welcome to
Córrego do Feijão!
288
00:38:26,500 --> 00:38:28,140
warning:
risk of accident
289
00:38:28,260 --> 00:38:30,140
For sale
290
00:39:12,460 --> 00:39:14,220
My name is Carolina
De Moura Campos
291
00:39:14,420 --> 00:39:18,180
I'm 36 and I was
born in Belo Horizonte.
292
00:39:18,300 --> 00:39:23,180
My mum brought me up alone
as she separated from my dad.
293
00:39:23,300 --> 00:39:27,700
After being abused
in my teens,
294
00:39:27,820 --> 00:39:33,300
I started to question
the world around me.
295
00:39:33,420 --> 00:39:36,060
I studied journalism
296
00:39:36,180 --> 00:39:40,540
and this is when I felt
a calling to protect nature.
297
00:39:40,660 --> 00:39:46,820
So I got involved with friends
workIng in the field of environment.
298
00:39:46,940 --> 00:39:49,100
We created
an NGO.
299
00:39:49,220 --> 00:39:53,300
We were a group of young people
who wanted to change the world.
300
00:39:53,420 --> 00:39:58,900
And as we are in Minas Gerais, it was
inevitable not to work on the mining issue.
301
00:39:59,020 --> 00:40:06,780
This is an issue that dramatically
affects the life of communities here.
302
00:40:16,260 --> 00:40:25,660
In 2015, we were shocked by the tragical
collapse of the dam of Fundão in Mariana.
303
00:40:25,780 --> 00:40:30,340
It was operated by Samarco,
a joint venture between Vale y BHP.
304
00:40:30,460 --> 00:40:35,500
There were 42 million
cubic meters of toxic waste.
305
00:40:55,540 --> 00:40:57,740
VALE was created
in 1942
306
00:40:57,860 --> 00:40:59,700
by the Government
of Getúlio Vargas,
307
00:40:59,820 --> 00:41:02,860
and named
"Vale do Rio Doce".
308
00:41:02,980 --> 00:41:04,620
A mixed-capital
company
309
00:41:04,740 --> 00:41:07,740
with the Federal Government
as the main shareholder.
310
00:41:07,860 --> 00:41:11,660
Its privatisation happened
in May 1997
311
00:41:11,780 --> 00:41:14,020
during the government of
Fernando Henrique Cardoso,
312
00:41:14,140 --> 00:41:16,500
entering the stock
exchange of Rio.
313
00:41:16,620 --> 00:41:20,940
VALE is today the third largest
company of the country.
314
00:41:21,060 --> 00:41:23,980
Just behind Petrobras
and Itau Unibanco.
315
00:41:24,100 --> 00:41:28,460
Its revenues are estimated to be
the equivalent of 52 billions euro.
316
00:41:49,980 --> 00:41:53,020
Mining is inefficient.
317
00:41:53,140 --> 00:41:56,340
The amount of earth
they move...
318
00:41:56,460 --> 00:42:00,220
to get such a tiny,
let's say, diamond.
319
00:42:00,340 --> 00:42:01,860
It's absurd.
320
00:42:01,980 --> 00:42:06,420
They bomb
an entire mountain
321
00:42:06,540 --> 00:42:11,020
and just a small
part will be used.
322
00:42:11,140 --> 00:42:12,020
So there is
a lot of waste
323
00:42:12,140 --> 00:42:15,540
And for this, they need
tailings dams.
324
00:42:15,660 --> 00:42:19,380
This is a place where mines put
waste with no economic value.
325
00:42:19,500 --> 00:42:22,540
These are the leftovers
of what they bombed,
326
00:42:22,660 --> 00:42:24,140
after keeping what is of
economic value for them.
327
00:42:24,260 --> 00:42:27,860
In Brazil,
these tailings dams
328
00:42:27,980 --> 00:42:32,980
are built with the cheapest and
most dangerous technologies.
329
00:42:33,100 --> 00:42:39,420
Three years after the tragic
Fundão dam break in Mariana
330
00:42:39,540 --> 00:42:43,820
three dams, also
properties of VALE,
331
00:42:43,940 --> 00:42:48,780
collapsed today and created
a disaster still difficult to assess.
332
00:42:48,900 --> 00:42:54,340
This time it happened in Brumadinho, located
in the Belo Horizonte metropolitan area.
333
00:42:54,460 --> 00:42:59,420
We need an urgent plan
to evacuate everyone.
334
00:42:59,540 --> 00:43:05,460
A police order already closed
the city center of Brumadinho.
335
00:43:05,580 --> 00:43:07,700
100s of people
are missing.
336
00:43:07,820 --> 00:43:10,740
We must provide a plan to get
everyone out. It's urgent!
337
00:43:43,780 --> 00:43:45,500
They destroyed
our streets,
338
00:43:45,620 --> 00:43:49,140
our garden, our houses,
our dreams,
339
00:43:49,260 --> 00:43:51,100
They destroyed
our life projects.
340
00:43:53,260 --> 00:43:58,540
In a few minutes, it killed
two-hundred and seventy-two persons.
341
00:44:24,500 --> 00:44:29,340
How could it be that only three years
after the tragedy in Mariana,
342
00:44:29,460 --> 00:44:35,940
another dam, operated by the same company,
in the same region, collapsed?
343
00:45:05,300 --> 00:45:07,140
Five minutes Carolina.
Please.
344
00:45:08,100 --> 00:45:09,620
Good morning!
345
00:45:14,380 --> 00:45:18,100
I'll begin honoring all the souls
and all those who have been badly hurt.
346
00:45:19,780 --> 00:45:23,980
I belong to the community in Jangada,
which is neighbour to VALE's mining sites.
347
00:45:24,100 --> 00:45:27,780
Neighbour to
Córrego do Feijão.
348
00:45:27,900 --> 00:45:30,220
Fortunately, the mud
did not reach us
349
00:45:30,340 --> 00:45:33,260
because people live
higher up on the hill.
350
00:45:33,380 --> 00:45:36,100
The problem is the mining model
of this country.
351
00:45:36,220 --> 00:45:38,660
We are counting on all
members of this Parliament,
352
00:45:38,780 --> 00:45:40,980
parlamentarians
from Minas Gerais,
353
00:45:41,100 --> 00:45:44,300
we are counting on everyone
to put pressure on this company,
354
00:45:44,420 --> 00:45:49,540
because its behaviour
keeps violating rights.
355
00:45:49,660 --> 00:45:56,500
I wonder if a terrorist activated
a bomb now and killed us all,
356
00:45:56,620 --> 00:46:00,980
would they have the right to sit
down at the table and negotiate?
357
00:46:01,100 --> 00:46:03,740
Or would they
immediately be jailed?
358
00:46:03,860 --> 00:46:11,180
Why does a company that kills
every single day, repeatedly...
359
00:46:11,300 --> 00:46:14,820
Mining kills
every single day.
360
00:46:14,940 --> 00:46:18,100
Toxic waste
massacres people
361
00:46:18,220 --> 00:46:20,260
drop by drop
every day!
362
00:46:20,380 --> 00:46:22,780
How come they still have
the right to negotiate
363
00:46:22,900 --> 00:46:25,580
what are they going
to fix, or not fix?
364
00:46:25,700 --> 00:46:28,420
We have to
arrest them now
365
00:46:28,540 --> 00:46:32,580
and force them to do
everything the people want.
366
00:46:32,700 --> 00:46:35,500
Because the lives they took away
will never come back.
367
00:46:37,220 --> 00:46:41,780
In the document, pages 76 and 77
from the public civil action,
368
00:46:41,900 --> 00:46:46,940
VALE presents
ten risky dams.
369
00:46:47,060 --> 00:46:49,660
These dams are those
with higher risk
370
00:46:49,780 --> 00:46:53,020
according to the assessment
made by the company itself.
371
00:46:53,140 --> 00:46:59,140
In this list, we see dam B1
and 4A from Córrego do Feijão...
372
00:46:59,260 --> 00:47:01,300
In October 2018!
373
00:47:01,420 --> 00:47:04,980
Isn't it mandatory for the CEO
to know about this?
374
00:47:05,100 --> 00:47:08,460
Mandatory? The owner of
the information defines this.
375
00:47:08,580 --> 00:47:10,900
If the information is in
the technical department,
376
00:47:11,020 --> 00:47:18,180
and they estimate that this is not
a competence of the CEO,
377
00:47:18,300 --> 00:47:22,180
then I can't make
the difference.
378
00:47:22,300 --> 00:47:25,500
If a CEO is
not responsible,
379
00:47:25,620 --> 00:47:28,340
and here at CPI
we think he is,
380
00:47:28,460 --> 00:47:30,060
then who is
responsible?
381
00:47:30,180 --> 00:47:32,700
What are the
responsibilities?
382
00:47:32,820 --> 00:47:37,980
To cut spending in safety,
and to increase productivity,
383
00:47:38,100 --> 00:47:42,820
they put workers and
communities at risk.
384
00:47:42,940 --> 00:47:50,740
It's a deliberate corporate strategy
to produce a lot and to spend little.
385
00:47:50,860 --> 00:47:54,860
And if people die,
it does not matter!
386
00:47:54,980 --> 00:47:59,140
For many years, Vale knew
these dams were at risk.
387
00:47:59,540 --> 00:48:04,260
I had access to the investigation made by
the prosecutor in Minas Gerais.
388
00:48:04,380 --> 00:48:07,980
It revealed that Vale
had a list of ten dams,
389
00:48:08,100 --> 00:48:13,540
whose safety was
"below the acceptable limit"
390
00:48:13,660 --> 00:48:16,100
Vale kept this list
in a "secret box",
391
00:48:16,220 --> 00:48:18,660
hidden from public
authorities and citizens.
392
00:48:18,780 --> 00:48:21,100
"Black box"
393
00:48:21,220 --> 00:48:25,460
A company can use several
ways to do what it wants,
394
00:48:25,580 --> 00:48:29,940
One of these is called
"self-monitoring".
395
00:48:30,060 --> 00:48:33,220
So the company
monitors itself.
396
00:48:33,340 --> 00:48:38,660
Mining corps pay a company
to get dam stability certification.
397
00:48:38,780 --> 00:48:46,860
Vale contracted a first company.
They said: "No!"
398
00:48:46,980 --> 00:48:51,860
Vale hired another one.
They said "No!"
399
00:48:51,980 --> 00:48:55,580
So Vale contracted Tüv Süd,
a German company.
400
00:48:55,700 --> 00:48:58,140
As we know Germans make
the world's most beautiful wonders.
401
00:48:58,260 --> 00:49:01,060
They are trusted
with everything,
402
00:49:01,180 --> 00:49:04,820
from kids toys
to I don't know what.
403
00:49:04,940 --> 00:49:08,060
As Tüv Süd had a promiscuous
relationship with Vale,
404
00:49:08,180 --> 00:49:11,180
through many
other contracts,
405
00:49:11,300 --> 00:49:15,540
Tüv Süd wanted to consolidate its position
in the Brazilian mining market.
406
00:49:15,660 --> 00:49:17,220
So Vale pressured!
407
00:49:17,340 --> 00:49:23,780
If you don't give us the certification,
I'm going to break the other contracts...
408
00:49:23,900 --> 00:49:26,980
In the end,
a decision from Münich
409
00:49:27,100 --> 00:49:35,180
gave Vale the certification,
in September 2018.
410
00:49:35,300 --> 00:49:36,780
Just before
the dam collapsed.
411
00:49:36,900 --> 00:49:40,060
"the dam is stable"
412
00:49:41,100 --> 00:49:45,940
This dam rupture
is unforgivable.
413
00:49:47,660 --> 00:49:49,900
Irreparable.
414
00:49:50,020 --> 00:49:56,420
Whatever they pay, it won't be sufficient for
the two-hundred seventy-two people that died.
415
00:49:56,540 --> 00:50:01,700
A mum who lost her child,
won't ever be called "mum" again.
416
00:50:03,140 --> 00:50:05,620
She won't be a granny.
417
00:50:05,740 --> 00:50:08,820
And money can't
repair this price.
418
00:50:27,340 --> 00:50:32,860
All minerals that left here, and that
provided this massive size to the dam,
419
00:50:32,980 --> 00:50:36,100
it went somewhere.
Someone bought it.
420
00:50:36,220 --> 00:50:43,100
Someone made profit out of it.
Someone shipped it.
421
00:50:43,220 --> 00:50:46,020
So we must look at
the entire chain.
422
00:50:46,140 --> 00:50:47,900
For this reason,
we went to Europe
423
00:50:48,020 --> 00:50:51,460
to alert EU actors
to their own responsibility.
424
00:50:51,580 --> 00:50:53,660
We told them:
425
00:50:53,780 --> 00:50:57,460
you got innocent people's blood
on your hands too.
426
00:50:59,260 --> 00:51:08,100
Mums, dads, sons, daughters,
cousins, grandchildren...
427
00:51:08,220 --> 00:51:10,460
Many many families.
428
00:51:10,580 --> 00:51:19,380
Many European actors
influence mining corps' activities.
429
00:51:19,500 --> 00:51:23,420
Deutsche Bank
financed Vale.
430
00:51:23,540 --> 00:51:31,380
An insurance company like
Allianz insured its ventures.
431
00:51:32,500 --> 00:51:42,580
In Brumadinho, Tüv Süd, the certifying
company, played a key role.
432
00:51:46,220 --> 00:51:54,900
It's important that all the actors involved in
the iron chain face their responsibility.
433
00:51:56,700 --> 00:52:01,740
The first buyers of iron, as raw
materials, are no longer Europeans.
434
00:52:01,860 --> 00:52:05,980
Asian countries
are the first buyers.
435
00:52:06,100 --> 00:52:08,780
But we are in the
global value chain.
436
00:52:08,900 --> 00:52:12,100
So it would be better
to have a general law
437
00:52:12,220 --> 00:52:16,300
saying that companies, in Europe,
in a global value chain,
438
00:52:16,420 --> 00:52:22,460
have responsibility on how they buy
products coming from another country.
439
00:52:22,580 --> 00:52:26,380
And if we get that kind of law
at the European level,
440
00:52:26,500 --> 00:52:31,940
we can manage to get that law
at the international level.
441
00:52:32,060 --> 00:52:36,660
Not only for European companies
but also for others.
442
00:52:36,780 --> 00:52:40,300
Now as Europeans,
we must reflect on
443
00:52:40,420 --> 00:52:44,980
not only our welfare,
but also the welfare of others.
444
00:53:01,060 --> 00:53:03,380
Criminals!
445
00:53:03,500 --> 00:53:08,580
You brutally killed
two-hundred seventy-two people.
446
00:53:08,980 --> 00:53:11,860
We're going to fight
against you!
447
00:53:11,980 --> 00:53:14,860
This has to stop!
448
00:53:15,860 --> 00:53:18,500
Where are you?
449
00:53:40,100 --> 00:53:44,300
When they sent their letter,
they wrote
450
00:53:44,420 --> 00:53:49,980
"We are going to make
a donation of US $50,000"
451
00:53:50,100 --> 00:53:54,020
to improve another land
given by the company.
452
00:53:54,140 --> 00:53:57,780
If I sell my land,
I'll be left with nothing.
453
00:54:02,220 --> 00:54:04,180
Sure they'll give us
some money...
454
00:54:04,300 --> 00:54:09,820
But what can we do with money
if we don't have our land to live?
455
00:54:09,940 --> 00:54:14,980
This is why we don't sell and
we prefer taking care of our land.
456
00:54:17,260 --> 00:54:21,660
We'll keep fighting for our land
and for the right to live here.
457
00:54:34,980 --> 00:54:41,140
Because I wanted
to protect my lagoons,
458
00:54:41,260 --> 00:54:48,380
they wanted
to take my life away.
459
00:54:48,780 --> 00:54:57,140
I protect the earth, the water,
because this is life.
460
00:54:58,820 --> 00:55:04,820
I don't fear the power of corporations.
I'll keep fighting!
461
00:55:06,020 --> 00:55:10,900
The brothers and sisters who died
in Celendin and in Bambamarca.
462
00:55:11,020 --> 00:55:15,140
For all of them we are
resisting in Cajamarca.
463
00:55:21,740 --> 00:55:25,460
Where does so much
strength come from?
464
00:55:26,780 --> 00:55:30,740
Where do so many
Bertas come from?
465
00:55:31,180 --> 00:55:34,420
My mother fought.
Organised.
466
00:55:34,540 --> 00:55:37,980
My mother was
not assassinated.
467
00:55:38,100 --> 00:55:42,100
She is a seed that
is born and reborn.
468
00:55:42,220 --> 00:55:46,820
The fire, the struggle of the people,
which they tried to put out
469
00:55:46,940 --> 00:55:50,300
What they actually did
was to make this fire bigger
470
00:55:50,420 --> 00:55:53,180
because they tried
to put it out with gasoline.
471
00:55:53,300 --> 00:55:54,820
Berta is alive!
37298
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